JP2021040567A - Sugar cane harvester - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a sugar cane harvester capable of improving efficiency of wind selection on a separation unit.SOLUTION: A sugar cane harvester comprises: a harvesting part which is provided on a front and lower part of a machine body and harvests planted crops; a transport unit 3 in an inclined rising backward posture for transporting the harvested crops harvested by the harvesting part to a rear and upper side of the machine body; and a separation unit 4 which is coupled to a rear part of the transport unit 3 and separates the crops into admixture and harvested objects by wind selection. The separation unit 4 comprises: a fan 20 for generating wind for wind selection; a discharge part 21 on whose upper part, a discharge hole 21h is formed, for discharging the admixture from the discharge hole 21h; and a processing part 22 comprising an opening 22h on a lower part thereof, for falling the harvested object put into a lower side of the fan 20 from the opening 22h, and performing air intake from the opening 22h for the fan 20. An air intake part 25a for the fan 20 is provided on a top part of the transport unit 3.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

The present invention relates to a sugar cane harvester.

For example, in the sugarcane harvester disclosed in Patent Document 1, a separation device (“wind selection device” in the document) is connected to the rear part of the transfer device (“conveyor” and “chopping device” in the document) in a backward tilted posture. ing. The separation device is equipped with a fan (“blower” in the literature), and the rotary drive of the fan generates an upward sorting wind.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2015-202085

By the way, air is taken in from the opening provided below the fan by the rotational drive of the fan, and an upward sorting wind is generated, but the sorting wind does not always go straight from the opening to the fan. For example, when the connection port between the transfer device and the separation device is configured to be biased to the side where the transfer device is located, a part of the wind taken in from the opening does not go straight to the fan but is located on the side where the transfer device is located. Easy to meander in space. At this time, if a vortex is formed in the meandering wind flow in the space on the side where the transport device is located, a part of the wind stays as a vortex. Since the vortex acts as a resistance to the suction of the fan, if a vortex is generated in the wind for wind sorting, the efficiency of wind sorting deteriorates. In addition, the drive load of the fan occupies a large proportion of the drive load of the entire sugar cane harvester, so if the ratio of the drive load of the fan is reduced as much as possible to efficiently generate the sorting wind, the power of the entire aircraft will be increased. Become stable.

In view of the above circumstances, an object of the present invention is to provide a sugar cane harvester in which the efficiency of wind sorting in a separation device is improved.

The sugar cane harvester according to the present invention is provided at the lower front part of the machine body and has a harvesting section for harvesting the planted crops and a rearward inclination for transporting the crops harvested at the harvesting section toward the rear and upper sides of the machine body. A posture transfer device and a separation device connected to the rear part of the transfer device to separate the crop into contaminants and harvested products by wind sorting are provided, and the separation device generates the wind of the wind sorting. A fan to be used, a discharge port provided at the upper part, a discharge part for discharging the contaminants from the discharge port, and an opening provided at the lower part, and the harvested product thrown under the fan is dropped from the opening. A processing unit that takes in air for the fan from the opening is provided, and an intake unit for the fan is provided in the upper part of the transport device.

The rear part of the transfer device is connected to the separator, and a part of the wind taken in from the opening tends to meander into the space on the side where the transfer device is located without going straight to the fan. According to the present invention, since the intake portion for the fan is provided not only in the opening but also in the intake portion at the upper part of the transport device, the intake portion for the fan is for the fan as compared with the case where the intake portion for the fan is only the opening. Inspiratory capacity increases. Further, the wind taken in from the intake unit and the wind taken in from the opening and meandering in the space on the side where the transfer device is located merge in the space near the upper part of the transfer device. Since the wind taken in from the intake part goes straight to the fan as it is, the wind taken in from the intake part is taken in from the opening and heads toward the fan even for the wind that meanders in the space on the side where the transport device is located. The rectifying action is easy, and the generation of eddy current is suppressed by this rectifying action. As a result, the efficiency of wind sorting is improved without increasing the driving load of the fan, and even if the load applied to the entire sugar cane harvester fluctuates, the driving force of the fan is increased and the wind force of the sorting wind is stable. To become. In this way, a sugar cane harvester with improved wind sorting efficiency in the separation device is realized.

In the present invention, it is preferable that the intake portion is provided at a position higher than the opening.

In this configuration, since the intake portion is provided at a position higher than the opening, the arrangement of the intake portion can be closer to the fan than the opening, and the wind taken in from the intake portion is taken in from the opening. It becomes easier to rectify the wind meandering in the space on the side where the transport device is located.

In the present invention, a cutting device for cutting the crop and putting it into the processing unit is provided above the transport device, and the intake unit corresponds to a transport path between the cutting device and the processing unit. It is preferable that the portion is provided.

In this configuration, since the intake unit is provided in the portion corresponding to the transport path between the cutting device and the processing unit, the crops input from the cutting device to the processing unit are affected by the wind from the intake unit. The wind from the opening rectified by the wind from the intake unit is actively guided to the processing unit. For this reason, the crops are evenly exposed to the sorting wind in the processing section.

In the present invention, it is preferable that the transport device is provided with a case that covers the transport path, and the intake portion is provided on the upper part of the case.

With this configuration, since the transport path is covered with a case, the risk of foreign matter other than crops entering the transport path is reduced. Further, in this configuration, the configuration of the intake portion is simplified because the case is also used for preventing foreign matter from entering and for intake for the fan.

In the present invention, it is preferable that a top plate is provided on the upper part of the case, and the intake portion is provided on a rearwardly rising inclined portion formed on the upper end portion of the top plate.

If the intake portions are provided on the left and right sides or the upper portion of the case, the wind may meander once to the side where the fan is located immediately after being sucked from the intake portion. In this configuration, since the intake portion is provided on the inclined portion that rises backward, the wind taken in from the intake portion can easily go straight to the fan without meandering.

In the present invention, it is preferable that a plurality of wind direction plates are provided at an upper portion of the inside of the processing unit at intervals in the circumferential direction.

As the fan is driven to rotate, an upward swirling flow is likely to occur on the inner peripheral edge of the processing unit, but this swirling flow does not act locally upward and stays swirling at the same vertical position, resulting in contaminants. May also stay with the swirling flow. In this configuration, since the swirling flow is forcibly rectified by the wind direction plate into an upward swirling flow, the phenomenon that the swirling flow stays swirling in the vertical position is less likely to occur. As a result, impurities are actively guided to the discharge section.

In the configuration in which the wind direction plate is provided, the wind direction plate is provided at the same arrangement height as the intake portion, and the wind direction plate is formed in the transfer end region of the transfer device in the separation device. It is preferable that the portion other than the portion connected to the connection port is provided.

In this configuration, the wind direction plate is provided so as to avoid the portion where the connection port is located, and the wind direction plate and the intake portion are at the same height. Therefore, in the vicinity of the connection port, the crop is quickly guided to the processing section by the wind from the intake section and the wind from the opening rectified by the wind from the intake section. Further, in the vicinity of the wind direction plate, the swirling flow generated by the rotational drive of the fan is rectified upward, so that the contaminants contained in the crop are guided to the discharge portion as they are by the swirling flow upward. As a result, the efficiency of wind sorting in the processing unit is further improved.

In the present invention, it is preferable that the discharge portion has a larger diameter than the processing portion and a step portion is formed between the discharge portion and the processing portion in a plan view.

It is desirable that the wind and impurities discharged from the fan be discharged from the discharge port as smoothly as possible. Therefore, it is important to reduce the pressure loss in the discharge part. In this configuration, since the discharge section has a larger diameter than the treatment section, the discharge path of the discharge section is secured wider than the path of the treatment section, and it is difficult to receive pressure resistance from the inner wall of the discharge section, and the inside of the discharge section. The generation of surge pressure is suppressed. Further, even when a surge pressure is generated inside the discharge portion, the surge pressure is received in the region formed by the step portion, and the pressure loss in the discharge path inside the step portion is reduced. As a result, the wind and impurities discharged from the fan are smoothly guided from the discharge path inside the step portion to the discharge port, and the driving efficiency of the fan and the efficiency of wind sorting in the processing portion are further improved. ..

In the present invention, a connection port connected to the processing unit is formed at the rear end portion of the transport device, the processing unit is extended below the upper and lower center portions of the connection port, and the lower end of the processing unit. It is preferable that the first throttle portion is formed in the portion so as to be inclined toward the inner diameter side toward the lower side.

In the region below the opening, the suction action of the fan is attenuated as compared to the region above the opening. In addition, with the lower end of the processing unit as the boundary, the upward wind suddenly becomes stronger in the space above the opening. In this configuration, since the processing unit is extended below the upper and lower center portions of the connection port, for example, as compared with the configuration in which the lower end portion of the processing unit is located at the upper and lower center portion of the connection port, the transport device It takes a long time for the crops input from the plant to stay inside the processing unit. For this reason, the crops are exposed to the sorting wind for a long time, and the efficiency of wind sorting in the processing unit is further improved. Further, since the first throttle portion is formed at the lower end portion of the processing portion, the attenuation of the wind speed at the lower end portion of the processing portion is suppressed, and compared with the configuration in which the first throttle portion is not formed at the lower end portion of the processing portion. The wind speed for wind sorting is firmly secured.

In the present invention, the discharge port is configured to have a quadrangular cross section, and a second throttle is inclined downward toward the lower side in the discharge direction at a portion of the upper part of the discharge portion where the discharge port is located. A chamfer is formed on the left and right ends of the lower portion of the discharge portion where the discharge port is located, and is inclined toward the left and right center side toward the lower side in the discharge direction and upward toward the lower side in the discharge direction. It is preferable that the portion is formed.

According to this configuration, since the discharge port is configured to have a quadrangular cross section, it is easier to process the member as compared with the configuration in which the discharge port has a circular cross section, which is advantageous in terms of cost. is there. Further, the upper end portion of the discharge port and the corner portion at the lower end portion of the discharge port are narrowed by the second throttle portion and the chamfered portion. As a result, impurities are accurately discharged in the target direction as compared with the configuration in which the discharge port is not narrowed down.

It is an overall side view of a sugar cane harvester. It is the whole plan view of the sugar cane harvester. It is a side sectional view which shows the structure of the separation device. FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line IV-IV of FIG. 3 showing a configuration of a separation device in a plan view. It is a rear view which shows the discharge port of the separation device in the front view. It is a graph for demonstrating the wind speed on the suction side in a separation device.

[Basic configuration of sugar cane harvester]
Hereinafter, embodiments of the sugar cane harvester according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. 1 and 2 are views showing the entire sugarcane harvester, FIG. 1 is a left side view, and FIG. 2 is a plan view. In this embodiment, in FIGS. 1 and 2, the direction indicated by the reference numeral (F) is the front of the aircraft, and the direction indicated by the reference numeral (B) is the rear of the aircraft. Further, in FIG. 2, the direction indicated by the reference numeral (L) is to the left of the aircraft, and the direction indicated by the reference numeral (R) is to the right of the aircraft.

The sugar cane harvester is provided with left and right front wheels that can be steered and left and right rear wheels that cannot be steered and are rotationally driven. ing. The machine body is provided with an operation unit 1, a harvesting unit 2, a transport device 3 in a backward tilted posture, a separation device 4, a discharge conveyor 5, and an engine 6. The harvesting section 2 is provided in the lower front part of the machine body and harvests the planted crop (sugar cane). The transport device 3 transports the crops harvested by the harvesting unit 2 upward after the machine body. The separation device 4 is connected to the rear part of the transfer device 3 and separates the crops transported by the transfer device 3 into harvested products and contaminants by wind sorting. The discharge conveyor 5 is supported by the rear part of the machine body, receives the harvested material, transports the harvested material diagonally upward, and discharges the harvested material to, for example, the loading platform of the transport vehicle. In addition, the machine body is equipped with a hydraulic device such as a hydraulic pump and a transmission device for traveling. A hydraulic device such as a hydraulic pump supplies the power of the engine 6 to each part of the machine body. The traveling transmission device transmits the power of the engine 6 to the left and right rear wheels as the traveling device. Then, an airframe frame that supports the entire airframe is provided, and each of the above-mentioned devices is supported by the airframe frame.

The driving unit 1 is provided at a high position in the front part of the airframe, and its surroundings are covered by the cabin 7. Inside the cabin 7, a driver step, a driver's seat, a steering wheel, an operation panel, and the like are provided. The left and right side surface portions of the cabin 7 are formed as door portions that can be opened and closed, respectively. The left and right side surface portions are made of, for example, a transparent plate such as a transparent synthetic resin material or a glass plate, so that the driver on board can easily visually recognize the working condition in the field scene on the front side of the aircraft.

The harvesting portion 2 is cut from left and right weeding devices 11 and 11 that rotate around the vertical axis core, and left and right side wall portions 12 and 12 provided so as to be connected to the rear of the left and right weeding devices 11 and 11. The device 13 is provided. The left and right weeding devices 11 are provided with a weeding rotating body or the like in a vertically oriented posture in a backward tilted state. The weed rotating body is provided with a spiral guide on the outer periphery of the cylindrical cylinder, and the crop to be cut is weed-guided by the weed rotating body and raised in a vertical posture, and the left and right side walls. Enter the area between parts 12 and 12.

Although not shown, a scraping roller is provided between the side wall portion 12 and the cutting device 13 in the front-rear direction, and the scraping roller is provided in a region sandwiched between the left and right side wall portions 12, 12. ing. The crops planted in the field are pushed down by the scraping rollers so that they are in a forward leaning position. Further, a cutting device 13 is also provided in the region sandwiched between the left and right side wall portions 12, 12, and the cutting device 13 cuts the root of the crop with a pair of left and right rotary cutters that rotate around the center of the vertical axis. .. The stalk culm of the cut crop is scraped into the transport device 3 further behind by the scraping roller.

The transport device 3 is connected so as to be connected to the rear end portions of the left and right side wall portions 12, 12, and has substantially the same transport width as the distance between the left and right side wall portions 12, 12. The transport starting end portion of the transport device 3 is provided at a low position connected to the rear of the cutting device 13, and the transport device 3 is provided in a rearward tilting posture so as to transport the stem culm toward the rear and upper part of the machine body. The inside of the transport device 3 is a transport path for transporting the stalk culm of the crop, and this transport path is covered by the case 14.

Although not described in detail, the case 14 has a pair of left and right side wall frames and a horizontal frame. The pair of left and right side wall frames extend along the transport direction. A plurality of horizontal frames are provided at the upper and lower portions of the pair of left and right side wall frames at intervals in the front-rear direction, and the pair of left and right side wall frames are connected by the plurality of horizontal frames. With this configuration, the case 14 is formed as a highly rigid structure that forms a substantially rectangular tubular transport path as a whole.

A scraping rotating body (not shown) is provided at an upper portion and a lower portion of the transport path in the transport device 3 at appropriate intervals along the transport path. The scraping rotating bodies on both the upper and lower sides are rotationally driven in opposite directions around the center of the horizontal axis, and the stalk culms of the cut crops are transported rearward while being sandwiched between the scraping rotating bodies on both the upper and lower sides.

The transport end portion of the transport device 3 is provided with a pair of upper and lower cutting processing sections 15 (corresponding to the "cutting device" of the present invention) for cutting the elongated culm to be transported. Although not described in detail, the cutting processing unit 15 rotates around the horizontal axis on both the upper and lower sides of the transport path of the stalk culm. The cutting processing unit 15 is provided with cutting blades over the entire width in the transport width direction at appropriate intervals in the circumferential direction on the outer peripheral portion of the cylindrical member that rotates around the axial core in the lateral direction of the machine body. The cutting processing portions 15 on both the upper and lower sides rotate in opposite directions to cut the stalk culm by sandwiching the stalk culm between the cutting blades on both the upper and lower sides. The cutting processing unit 15 cuts the stem culm so as to have a length (for example, 20 to 30 cm) that is easy to handle when the harvested product is loaded on a transport vehicle and transported. A connection port connected to the separation device 4 is formed at the rear end of the transfer device 3. This connection port is formed in the transport end region of the transport device 3, and is a slot for feeding the stalk culm of the crop from the transport device 3 to the separation device 4. That is, the separation device 4 is connected to the rear portion of the transfer device 3, and the stalk culm after cutting is put into the separation device 4.

The details will be described later, but in the separation device 4, the stalk culm of the crop that is input from the transfer end portion of the transfer device 3 due to the ventilation action of the fan 20 that rotates around the upper and lower axis Y1 (see FIG. 3 and the like). Separates and discharges impurities such as fine stalk culm and leaf breaks contained in. The stem culm, which is heavier than the contaminants, falls downward as a harvest without being sucked by the fan 20.

A receiving hopper 5A that receives and collects the harvested material discharged downward from the conveying device 3 is provided immediately below the separating device 4 and below the rear end of the conveying device 3. .. The harvested product received by the receiving hopper 5A is collected at the transfer start end of the discharge conveyor 5. The receiving hopper 5A and the discharging conveyor 5 are integrally configured. That is, the receiving hopper 5A and the transport starting end portion of the discharge conveyor 5 form a receiving portion that receives the harvested material and sends it backward.

The discharge conveyor 5 has substantially the same width as the transport width of the transport device 3, and transports the harvested product toward the rear and upper sides. The entire discharge conveyor 5 is supported by a frame body having a framework structure, and extends from the lower rear part of the machine body toward the outer side and upper side of the machine body. The discharge conveyor 5 has sprockets at both left and right ends of the transfer start end and the transfer end. An endless rotating chain (not shown) is wound between each sprocket of the transport start end portion and the transport end portion, and a plurality of locking transport bodies are attached to the left and right endless rotating chains at predetermined pitch intervals. The plurality of locking carriers are attached to the endless rotating chain and lock and transport the harvested product.

The endless rotating chain is rotatably configured by a discharge conveyor hydraulic motor 18 provided at a position on the transport end side of the discharge conveyor 5, and has a transport path in the discharge conveyor 5 and a return path facing the transport path. Driven to patrol. That is, a transport path is formed on the upper side of the rotation track of the endless rotation chain, and a return path is formed on the lower side of the rotation track of the endless rotation chain. A rotation trajectory of the moving chain is formed. When the endless rotating chain is rotationally driven, the harvested product is locked by the locking carrier in a state of being received and supported by a mounting guide plate (not shown) provided at the bottom of the transport path of the discharge conveyor 5. It is conveyed and discharged outward from the end of the transfer.

A bent portion 16 is provided at the central portion of the discharge conveyor 5 in the longitudinal direction, and the bent portion 16 is configured to be rotatable around a rotating shaft core X1 extending in the horizontal direction. The discharge conveyor 5 is located at the tip of the transport start end side portion 5L on the base end side of the bent portion 16, the transport end side portion 5H on the tip side of the bent portion 16, and the transport end side portion 5H, and is also a discharge conveyor. It has a discharge portion 17 which is a transport end portion of 5. The bent portion 16 connects the end portion of the transport start end side portion 5L and the start end portion of the transport end side portion 5H so that the transport end side portion 5H can swing up and down with respect to the transport start end side portion 5L.

The discharge conveyor 5 has an extended state in which the transport end side portion 5H extends diagonally upward with respect to the transport start end side portion 5L, and a transport end side from the position of the transport end side portion 5H when the discharge conveyor 5 is in the extended state. The state can be changed to a bent state in which the portion 5H is located on the lower side. In other words, the discharge conveyor 5 is configured to be bendable at the bent portion 16. When the sugar cane harvester is transported by a transport vehicle or the like, the overall height of the sugar cane harvester can be kept low by changing the state of the transport end side portion 5H of the discharge conveyor 5 to a bent state.

A discharge portion 17 is provided on the transport end side portion 5H of the discharge conveyor 5, and the discharge portion 17 is provided from the rotating shaft core X1 of the bent portion 16 so that the discharge angle of the harvested product can be adjusted at the transport end side portion 5H. Is also configured so that it can swing around the rotating shaft core X2 on the transport end side. The discharge unit 17 is configured to swing up and down with respect to the transport end side portion 5H. A guide plate 19 is connected to the tip of the discharge portion 17. The guide plate 19 is configured to swing up and down with respect to the discharging portion 17 with the rotating shaft core X3 as the shaft core, and is configured to be able to guide the falling direction of the harvested product discharged from the discharging portion 17.

Although not described in detail, the discharge conveyor 5 is rotatably supported by the frame of the machine body around the vertical axis core at the transfer start end portion. Then, the entire discharge conveyor 5 is rotatably supported by the frame of the machine body around the vertical axis core. Although not shown, a hydraulic cylinder for changing the discharge position is provided, and the discharge conveyor 5 can be switched between a posture toward the rear of the machine and a posture toward the outside of the machine by expanding and contracting the hydraulic cylinder. It is configured.

The driver switches the discharge conveyor 5 to a posture toward the rear of the machine body during work other than harvesting work such as when traveling on the road or entering a field. Although not shown, when the sugarcane harvester harvests in the field, a transport vehicle for harvesting the harvest runs side by side of the sugarcane harvester. When the transport vehicles run in parallel, the longitudinal direction of the discharge conveyor 5 is switched to the side where the transport vehicle is located, and the harvested product is discharged from the transport end portion of the discharge conveyor 5 to the loading platform of the transport vehicle.

[About the separator]
Details of the separation device 4 will be described with reference to FIGS. 3 to 5. FIG. 3 is a side sectional view showing the inside of the separating device 4. FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line IV-IV of FIG. 3 in which the inside of the separating device 4 is shown in a plan view. FIG. 5 is a rear view showing the discharge port 21h at the rear of the discharge unit 21 in a front view.

The separation device 4 is provided with a fan 20, a discharge unit 21, and a processing unit 22. The discharge unit 21 is provided above the fan 20. A discharge port 21h having a diagonally downward cross section is provided in the upper rear part of the discharge part 21, and the discharge part 21 discharges impurities from the discharge port 21h. The processing unit 22 is provided below the fan 20. An opening 22h is provided at the lower end of the processing unit 22, and the processing unit 22 drops the harvested material thrown under the fan 20 from the opening 22h and sucks air for the fan 20 from the opening 22h. The fan 20 is provided so as to be sandwiched between the discharge unit 21 and the processing unit 22, and the fan 20 rotates counterclockwise in a plan view to generate an upward wind for wind sorting. The wind for wind sorting is taken in from the opening 22h of the processing unit 22 and flows toward the discharge port 21h of the discharge unit 21.

The cutting processing unit 15 cuts the crop and puts it into the processing unit 22. After being cut by the cutting processing section 15, the stalk culm of the crop is thrown into the processing section 22 from the connection port at the transport end portion of the transport device 3 at a release angle of about 45 degrees. When the stalk culm of the crop is thrown from the transport device 3 to the separation device 4, impurities such as stalk culms and leaf shavings mixed with the stalk culm are blown up by the wind for wind sorting, and the culm is contaminated. The object passes through the fan 20 and is discharged to the outside from the discharge port 21h of the discharge unit 21. Since the stalk culm of the crop is heavier than the contaminants, it is not blown up by the wind for wind sorting and falls from the opening 22h to the lower receiving hopper 5A.

The processing unit 22 is extended downward from the upper and lower central portions of the connection portion between the transport device 3 and the separation device 4, and the drawing portion 22a (corresponding to the “first drawing portion” of the present invention) is located at the lower end portion of the processing unit 22. To) is formed. The details of the diaphragm portion 22a will be described later.

The shatterproof chain 22C is connected to the throttle portion 22a, and the shatterproof chain 22C hangs down to the vicinity of the upper end portion of the receiving hopper 5A shown in FIG. The processing unit 22 is formed in a cylindrical shape in a plan view, and the shatterproof chain 22C is connected to the peripheral portion of the rear half of the processing unit 22 formed in the cylindrical shape. It is conceivable that the harvested product thrown into the processing unit 22 from the transport device 3 is vigorously blown from the transport device 3 to the rear and lower sides of the processing unit 22 along a parabola. Even in such a case, the harvested product is received by the shatterproof chain 22C and falls to the receiving hopper 5A as it is. As a result, the possibility that the harvested product will spill out of the receiving hopper 5A is reduced.

As shown in FIG. 4, the fan 20 is composed of three blades and is configured to be rotatable around the vertical shaft core Y1 by the power of the fan hydraulic motor 20M. The processing unit 22 is formed in a cylindrical shape in a plan view. As the fan 20 rotates, a part of the wind for wind sorting may swirl along the inner side wall portion of the processing unit 22. At this time, there is a possibility that a part of the contaminants will not be sucked upward and will turn along the inner wall surface portion of the processing portion 22. In order to avoid such inconvenience, a plurality of wind direction plates 23 are provided on the inner side wall portion of the processing portion 22 formed in a cylindrical shape. In other words, a plurality of wind direction plates 23 are provided at the upper part of the inside of the processing unit 22 at intervals in the circumferential direction.

Each of the wind direction plates 23 is inclined so that one end is located higher than the other end in the side view. That is, the end portion of the wind direction plate 23 on the clockwise direction side is the lowest position in the plan view, and the wind direction plate 23 is inclined so as to be located higher in the counterclockwise direction side in the plan view. An upward swirling flow is generated as the wind for wind sorting, and the air of this swirling flow is efficiently guided upward by the wind direction plate 23. As a result, even when the contaminants swirl along the inner side wall portion of the processing unit 22, the contaminants are sucked into the fan 20 together with the upward swirling flow. The wind direction plate 23 is provided in a portion of the separation device 4 other than the portion connected to the connection port formed in the transfer end region of the transfer device 3.

Further, as shown in FIG. 3, in a plan view, the discharge unit 21 has a larger diameter than the processing unit 22, and a step portion 24 is formed between the discharge unit 21 and the processing unit 22. The step portion 24 is located above the fan 20. Since the discharge port 21h is located at the rear of the discharge portion 21, the direction of the wind for selecting the wind blown by the fan 20 bends from the upper direction to the rear direction. That is, the wind for wind sorting hits the portion of the discharge portion 21 located directly above the fan 20, and the direction of the wind is changed backward at this portion. At this time, a surge pressure is easily generated in the front upper portion of the discharge portion 21, and a backflow is likely to occur, so that the air passage extending between the fan 20 and the discharge port 21h may be narrowed. Therefore, when the diameter of the discharge portion 21 is expanded at the step portion 24, the surge pressure is received by the diameter-expanded portion W of the discharge portion 21 whose diameter is expanded at the step portion 24, and the surge pressure is the diameter-expanded portion W. It is stored in. For this reason, a large cross section of the air passage extending between the fan 20 and the discharge port 21h is secured in the portion of the discharge portion 21 on the side where the upper and lower shaft cores Y1 are located with respect to the diameter expansion portion W, and the diameter expansion portion W The air volume for wind sorting is larger than when there is no air.

A hydraulic cylinder 21C capable of changing the direction of the discharge port 21h is provided, and the discharge portion 21 is configured to be rotatable around the vertical shaft core Y1 by the expansion and contraction operation of the hydraulic cylinder 21C. As shown in FIG. 5, the discharge port 21h is configured to have a rectangular cross section. A throttle portion 21a (corresponding to the "second throttle portion" of the present invention) is formed in a portion of the upper portion of the discharge portion 21 where the discharge port 21h is located, and the throttle portion 21a is inclined downward toward the lower side in the discharge direction. To do. Further, chamfered portions 21b and 21b are formed at both left and right ends of the portion of the lower portion of the discharging portion 21 where the discharging port 21h is located. The chamfered portions 21b and 21b are inclined toward the left and right center toward the lower side in the discharge direction, and are inclined upward toward the lower side in the discharge direction. As a result, the discharge range of the contaminants discharged from the discharge port 21h is narrowed diagonally downward as compared with the configuration in which the throttle portion 21a and the chamfered portions 21b and 21b are not formed, and the impurities are scattered in the uncut area. The risk is reduced.

[About the intake part at the top of the transport device]
When the wind for wind sorting is taken into the processing unit 22 from the opening 22h of the processing unit 22, a part of the wind meanders to the portion corresponding to the connection port between the cutting processing unit 15 and the processing unit 22. It is sucked by the fan 20. At this time, when a vortex is formed in the wind flow of the portion corresponding to the connection port between the cutting processing unit 15 and the processing unit 22, a part of the air taken in from the opening 22h stays as a vortex. Since the vortex acts as a resistance to the suction of the fan 20, if a vortex is generated in the wind for wind sorting, the wind sorting in the separation device 4 may not be performed efficiently. In order to avoid such inconvenience, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the top plate portion 25 (corresponding to the “top plate” of the present invention) at the rear upper portion of the transport device 3 is used for the fan 20. An intake unit 25a is provided. The top plate portion 25 is configured as a part of the case 14, and is provided on the upper portion of the case 14. In other words, the intake portion 25a is provided on the upper part of the case 14.

The intake unit 25a is provided in a portion corresponding to a transport path between the cutting processing unit 15 and the processing unit 22. The portion corresponding to the transport path between the cutting processing unit 15 and the processing unit 22 is a portion of the transport device 3 where the connection port with the processing unit 22 is located. The intake unit 25a is provided on the front side of the machine body with respect to the fan 20 and the processing unit 22, and is provided at a position higher than the opening 22h.

The top plate portion 25 has an inclined portion 25I formed in a rearward rising posture, and a horizontal surface portion 25H located on the rear side of the inclined portion 25I and formed in a horizontal shape. The intake portion 25a is provided on a rearwardly rising inclined portion 25I formed at the upper end portion of the top plate portion 25. The rear end of the horizontal surface portion 25H is connected to the separating device 4. The wind that has entered the inside of the processing unit 22 from the intake unit 25a is sucked into the fan 20 as it is without meandering. The wind direction plate 23 is provided at the same arrangement height as the intake portion 25a.

As shown in FIG. 6, the wind for wind sorting is taken into the processing unit 22 from the opening 22h and the intake unit 25a, and is sucked into the fan 20. At this time, a part of the wind taken in from the opening 22h meanders toward the connection port between the cutting processing unit 15 and the processing unit 22, but merges with the flow of air taken in from the intake unit 25a. It is sucked by the fan 20. As a result, the amount of air sucked by the fan 20 increases, and the air sorting in the separation device 4 is efficiently performed. Further, it becomes difficult to form a vortex in the portion corresponding to the transport path between the cutting processing section 15 and the processing section 22, and the intake section 25a is not provided on the top plate section 25 at the rear upper end portion of the transport device 3. In comparison, the wind sorting in the separation device 4 is performed more efficiently.

[About the aperture in the processing unit]
As shown in FIGS. 3 and 5, the processing unit 22 is extended below the upper and lower central portions of the connection port of the transport device 3, and the drawing unit 22a (first drawing unit) is located at the lower end of the processing unit 22. Is formed. The throttle portion 22a is inclined toward the inner diameter side toward the lower side. For this reason, the lower portion of the cylindrical processing portion 22 is formed in a narrowed shape by the drawing portion 22a, and the cross-sectional area of the portion of the processing portion 22 where the drawing portion 22a is located is smaller toward the lower side.

As shown in FIG. 6, the suction action of the fan 20 in the processing unit 22 is attenuated as the distance from the position of the fan 20 indicated by the fan _{position A 0 increases.} Therefore, in the lower part of the processing unit 22, the wind speed V of the wind flowing upward toward the fan 20 is smaller than that in the upper part of the processing unit 22. Further, since the region below the processing unit 22 is opened, the suction action of the fan 20 is further attenuated, and the wind speed V is further reduced. If the throttle portion 22a is provided in the lower portion of the processing portion 22, the attenuation of the suction action of the fan 20 in the lower portion of the processing portion 22 is suppressed by the throttle portion 22a. The region between the lower position A ₁ and the lower position A ₂ is the region where the throttle portion 22a is located, and the attenuation of the wind speed V is suppressed in this region. That is, since the minimum sorting air at the throttle portion 22a may be acting, in comparison with a structure in which the throttle portion 22a is not provided requires small wind V required in the fan position A _0, required for the rotation of the fan 20 It requires less power. As a result, the suction action of the fan 20 in the processing unit 22 is maintained as much as possible without increasing the power required for the rotation of the fan 20, and fine stalk culms and leaf cuts mixed with the stalk culms of the crop are removed. As much contaminants as possible are also separated in the lower part of the processing unit 22.

Further, a slit 22b is formed in the throttle portion 22a along the circumferential direction. The harvested material falls from the opening 22h to the receiving hopper 5A below, but it is conceivable that the harvested material is stored in the receiving hopper 5A in a state such as when the discharge conveyor 5 is stopped. In this case, it is conceivable that the cross-sectional area through which the air sucked by the fan 20 can pass decreases below the opening 22h due to the accumulation of the harvested material in the receiving hopper 5A, and the wind force for wind sorting is weakened. Even in such a case, air can be sucked from the slit 22b into the processing unit 22, and the wind force for wind sorting is maintained as much as possible.

[Another Embodiment]
The present invention is not limited to the configurations exemplified in the above-described embodiments, and the following, typical alternative embodiments of the present invention will be exemplified.

(1) In the above-described embodiment, the intake portion 25a is provided at a position higher than the opening 22h, but the intake portion 25a may be provided at the same arrangement height as the opening 22h, or may be provided at the same arrangement height as the opening 22h. May be provided at a low arrangement height.

(2) In the above-described embodiment, the intake unit 25a is provided in a portion corresponding to the transport path between the cutting processing section 15 and the processing section 22, but the intake section 25a is a portion not corresponding to the transport path. It may be provided in.

(3) In the above-described embodiment, the intake portion 25a is provided on the upper part of the case 14, but the intake portion 25a may be provided on one or both of the left and right side portions of the case 14. In this case, the top plate portion 25 may not be provided.

(4) In the above-described embodiment, the intake portion 25a is provided on the rearwardly rising inclined portion 25I formed at the upper end portion of the top plate portion 25, but the intake portion 25a may be provided on the horizontal surface portion 25H. good.

(5) In the above-described embodiment, the wind direction plate 23 is provided at the same arrangement height as the intake portion 25a, but the wind direction plate 23 may be arranged higher than the arrangement height of the intake portion 25a, or the wind direction plate 23 may be arranged higher than the arrangement height of the intake portion 25a. May be arranged lower than the arrangement height of the intake portion 25a. Further, the wind direction plate 23 may not be provided.

(6) In the above-described embodiment, the step portion 24 is formed between the discharge portion 21 and the processing portion 22, but the step portion 24 may not be provided. In this case, the discharge portion 21 may have a configuration in which the diameter of the discharge portion 21 is steplessly increased toward the upper side in a plan view.

(7) In the above-described embodiment, a throttle portion 22a is formed at the lower end portion of the processing portion 22 so as to be inclined toward the inner diameter side toward the lower side, but the throttle portion 22a may not be formed.

(8) In the above-described embodiment, the throttle portion 21a and the chamfered portions 21b and 21b are formed at the discharge port 21h, but the throttle portion 21a and the chamfered portions 21b and 21b may not be formed. Further, although the discharge port 21h is formed so as to have a diagonally downward cross section, the discharge port 21h may be formed so as to have a sideways or backward cross section, or to have a diagonally upward or upward cross section. May be done.

The configuration disclosed in the above-described embodiment (including another embodiment, the same shall apply hereinafter) can be applied in combination with the configuration disclosed in other embodiments as long as there is no contradiction. Moreover, the embodiment disclosed in the present specification is an example, and the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to this, and can be appropriately modified without departing from the object of the present invention.

The present invention is applicable to sugarcane harvesters.

2: Harvesting unit 3: Conveying device 4: Separation device 14: Case 15: Cutting processing unit (cutting device)
20: Fan 21: Discharge part 21a: Squeezing part (second squeezing part)
21b: Chamfering part 21h: Discharge port 22: Processing part 22a: Squeezing part (first drawing part)
22h: Opening 23: Wind direction plate 24: Step portion 25: Top plate portion (top plate)
25I: Inclined part 25a: Intake part

Claims (10)

The harvesting section, which is installed in the lower front part of the aircraft and harvests the crops that are being planted,
A transport device in a rear-up tilted posture that transports the crops harvested in the harvesting section upward after the machine body, and
A separation device, which is connected to the rear of the transfer device and separates the crop into contaminants and crops by wind sorting, is provided.
The separation device is provided with a fan for generating the wind of the wind sorting, a discharge port at the upper part, a discharge part for discharging the contaminants from the discharge port, and an opening at the lower part, below the fan. A processing unit for dropping the introduced harvested product from the opening and sucking air for the fan from the opening is provided.
A sugar cane harvester provided with an intake unit for the fan at the top of the transport device. The sugar cane harvester according to claim 1, wherein the intake unit is provided at a position higher than the opening. A cutting device for cutting the crop and putting it into the processing unit is provided above the transport device.
The sugar cane harvester according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the intake unit is provided in a portion corresponding to a transport path between the cutting device and the processing unit. The transport device is provided with a case that covers the transport path.
The sugar cane harvester according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the intake unit is provided in the upper part of the case. A top plate is provided on the top of the case,
The sugar cane harvester according to claim 4, wherein the intake portion is provided on an inclined portion that rises after being formed at the upper end portion of the top plate. The sugarcane harvester according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a plurality of wind direction plates are provided at an upper portion of the inside of the processing unit at intervals in the circumferential direction. The wind direction plate is provided at the same arrangement height as the intake portion, and is provided.
The sugar cane harvester according to claim 6, wherein the wind direction plate is provided in a portion of the separation device other than a portion connected to a connection port formed in a transport terminal region of the transport device. The sugar cane harvester according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the discharge portion has a larger diameter than the treatment portion in a plan view, and a step portion is formed between the discharge portion and the treatment portion. .. A connection port connected to the processing unit is formed at the rear end of the transport device.
The processing unit is extended below the upper and lower central portions of the connection port.
The sugarcane harvester according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein a first drawing portion is formed at the lower end portion of the processing portion so as to be inclined toward the inner diameter side toward the lower side. The outlet is configured to have a quadrangular cross section.
A second throttle portion is formed in a portion of the upper portion of the discharge portion where the discharge port is located, which is inclined downward toward the lower side in the discharge direction.
Chamfered portions are formed at both left and right ends of the lower portion of the discharge portion where the discharge port is located so as to be inclined toward the left and right center toward the lower side in the discharge direction and to be inclined upward toward the lower side in the discharge direction. The sugar cane harvester according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

Images