JP2021032013A - Construction method of concrete structure with improved water cut-off property, and placing formwork used in the same - Google Patents

Abstract

To obtain a concrete structure with secured water-sealing property using a water cut-off wall not depending on factory manufacture.SOLUTION: A construction method of a concrete structure at least comprises: (a) a step of constructing a floor portion X of the concrete structure; (b) a step of disposing water cut-off walls Y1, Z1 by arranging a plurality of placing formworks A side by side at a site and integrating them directly or indirectly, with respect to an indoor side face at a concrete placing scheduled position that becomes a wall portion Y or a ceiling portion Z of the concrete structure; and (c) a step of placing concrete at the concrete placing scheduled position so as to construct the wall portion Y and the ceiling portion Z.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

The present invention relates to a method for constructing a concrete structure and a driving form used for the method, which can surely prevent water flow between the outdoor side and the indoor side in a concrete structure such as a basement.

Conventionally, in reinforced concrete underground structures, various construction methods have been invented in order to prevent water from seeping through the outer wall surface of the basement.
For example, the "pre-emptive construction method", in which waterproofing is performed prior to underground skeleton construction, is a construction method in which a waterproof layer is provided in advance on the retaining wall of the main pile horizontal sheet pile, and then the reinforcing bars of the wall are assembled and concrete is poured. ..
Further, the "post-installation method" is a method of performing measures such as sheet waterproofing, non-vulcanized rubber waterproofing, and coating film waterproofing on the indoor side or the outdoor side after the basement skeleton is completed.
However, unlike waterproofing measures for structures on the ground side, underground waterproofing needs to be performed while surviving various factors that hinder waterproofing, so it has been conventionally considered that there is no 100% safe underground waterproofing.

The construction method that is often used in large buildings is based on the premise that some degree of water leakage cannot be avoided, and the underground outer wall is made into a double-walled structure with blocks, etc., and a space for drainage is provided inside the concrete skeleton. It is a construction method that drains the incoming water.
However, this double-walled structure creates dead space in the underground space, which is wasteful in small buildings. In addition, since the double-walled structure cannot prevent the permeation of water from the outside, for example, in the case of the Tsukiji market, in a basement built on contaminated land, the double-walled structure once serves as spring water in the basement of the building. Contaminated water is stored in pits and the like. In this case, the contaminated water may have to be treated in a water treatment plant and then discharged into the sewer. In addition, when there is contaminated water inside a building like a nuclear facility, if the building is not watertight, problems such as contaminating groundwater will occur.

In addition, the following Patent Document 1 shows a basement structure in which a concrete driving formwork and internal reinforcing bars are preliminarily made of a unit having a size that can be transported at a factory and connected at the site.
According to the invention described in Patent Document 1, the inside of the basement is surrounded by a steel plate formwork, and concrete on the floor, walls, and ceiling can be cast at the same time, and the construction period can be shortened. Water permeation from the outer wall surface of the basement can also be prevented.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 8-177065

However, the invention described in Patent Document 1 described above (hereinafter, also simply referred to as “unit construction method”) exhibits at least one of the problems described below.

(1) Since the unit is manufactured in a factory, the unit occupies a lot of manufacturing space in the factory until the unit is completed, and for a small factory, the burden of occupying the space is large. This has led to an increase in costs.

(2) In the work of binding the reinforcing bars, the arm is inserted from the notch provided on the formwork surface of the floor and the wall surface, and the overlapping joint reinforcing bar of a predetermined length placed in the vicinity of the position where the reinforcing bar is to be joined is attached to the reinforcing bar. After moving to the joint position, adjacent reinforcing bars are tied together with a number line so that the overlapping joint bars do not move.
However, when it comes to binding the reinforcing bars of the overlapping joints by hand using a number line or the like, the reachable distance is limited. It is not uncommon for the concrete thickness of the basement floor of a large building to be close to 1 m, for example. In such a case, since the joint position of the reinforcing bar cannot be reached, it is difficult to insert a hand through the notch on the floor to bind the reinforcing bar.

(3) Reinforcing bars are sparsely crowded, and it seems that it is not difficult to bind the lap joints, but in the actual arrangement of reinforcing bars in buildings, underground beams are often provided near the walls, and moreover, the walls The ends of the reinforcing bars are bent indoors inside the floor concrete, and the reinforcing bars may be very crowded on the connecting surface of the unit made at the factory. Therefore, the arm is inserted through the notch on the floor or wall, the rebar of the lap joint is moved to a predetermined position, and then tied so as not to move. However, it is a difficult task in the part where the rebar is crowded. ..
The main causes of this problem are as follows.
(3-1) Atypical reinforcing bars are used for the reinforcing bars, and since the deformed reinforcing bars have thick and thin hump-shaped parts on the shaft of the steel bar, the atypical reinforcing bars placed in a crowded place are humps. Interferes with each other, making it difficult to manually shift the deformed reinforcing bars to the side.
(3-2) Even if the deformed reinforcing bar is moved to a predetermined position, it is often difficult to bind the reinforcing bar in a narrow place using a number line or the like.
(3-3) Further, since the indoor side is completely surrounded by the inner formwork, it is difficult to visually confirm that the overlapping joint is treated as specified from the notch.

(4) As the scale of the building increases, the reinforcing bars used also become thicker. Generally, deformed reinforcing bars of d21 or more depend on gas pressure welding rather than lap joints. In the unit construction method, since the reinforcing bars are arranged in advance at the factory, at the site, only the arm can be inserted from the notch provided on the indoor side to join the reinforcing bar, and gas pressure welding is not assumed.
Therefore, the invention described in Patent Document 1 is limited to a small-scale building using a deformed reinforcing bar of d19 or less in which a lap joint is found.

(5) In the invention described in Patent Document 1, it is assumed that when the indoor surface of the unit is a metal plate, welding work is required when attaching the interior base material when performing interior work.

From the points described above, the present invention aims to solve at least one of the problems described below.
(1) Ensuring watertightness of the waterproof wall without relying on factory production.
(2) At least concrete placement on the walls and ceiling should be possible at once.
(3) To improve the efficiency of the formwork integration work.
(4) Make it possible to attach interior materials and erection materials to the formwork.
(5) Even in a large-scale building, it is possible to arrange reinforcements on site and to enable appropriate lap joints.
(6) Even if the reinforcing bars are crowded, the overlapping joints can be bound securely, and the construction status of the reinforcing bars can be visually confirmed.
(7) In the construction of a large-scale concrete structure using a deformed reinforcing bar of d21 or more, which could not be carried out by the invention described in Patent Document 1, gas pressure welding can be used for the joint of the reinforcing bar.
(8) Not limited to integration by welding, other integration can be implemented as needed.

The first invention of the present application, which has been made to solve the above problems, is a method for constructing a concrete structure, wherein (a) a step of constructing a floor portion of the concrete structure and (b) a wall of the concrete structure. (C) A process of arranging a plurality of driving formwork on site and arranging a water blocking wall that is directly or indirectly integrated with the indoor surface of the concrete placement site, which is a part or a ceiling part. It is characterized by including at least a step of placing concrete at the planned placement location to construct a wall portion and a ceiling portion.
Further, in the second invention of the present application, in the above-mentioned invention, the edge portion of the driving form is provided with a protruding portion protruding indoor side, which is formed by bending the edge portion or attaching a separate member. It is characterized in that, in the projecting portions facing each other in the adjacent driving formwork, the protruding portion of one projecting portion is configured to be larger than the projecting length of the protruding portion of the other driving formwork.
Further, in the third invention of the present application, in the above-mentioned invention, the separator connecting tool is provided at a position within 350 mm in the width direction of the driving form from the closest edge of both edges of the driving form. It is characterized in that it is provided.
Further, the fourth invention of the present application is characterized in that, in the above invention, the on-site integration work in the above (b) includes welding.
Further, the fifth invention of the present application is characterized in that, in the above invention, the on-site integration work in the above (b) includes screwing.
Further, in the sixth invention of the present application, in the above invention, the on-site integration work in the above (b) includes engagement by the overhanging portions provided on the mutual driving formwork, and the driving formwork is scheduled to be installed. A horizontal member extending in the width direction on the back side of the driving form is installed in advance at the location, and the driving form can be positioned by fixing the overhanging portion to the horizontal member. It is a feature.
Further, the seventh invention of the present application is characterized in that, in the above-mentioned invention, a water blocking means is provided between adjacent driving molds.
Further, in the eighth invention of the present application, in the adjacent driving formwork, the protruding portion on one side of one of the driving formwork and the protruding portion on the other side of the other driving formwork. It is characterized in that it forms a storage space into which it can be inserted.
Further, in the ninth aspect of the present invention, in the above invention, the concrete structure is a basement, and one end of the separator is used as a sheet pile or a main pile constituting a retaining wall for partitioning a planned construction location of the concrete structure. It is characterized in that it is attached directly or indirectly, and the other end of the separator is attached to the separator connector.
Further, the tenth invention of the present application is a driving form used for constructing a concrete structure, and the driving form is bent on both sides of the driving formwork, or a separate member is attached to the indoor side. The protruding portion, the overhanging portion exposed from the edge of the driving form on the back side of the driving form, and the separator connecting tool provided on the back side of the driving form. The protrusion length of the protrusion provided on one side of the driving form is larger than the protrusion length of the protrusion provided on the other side of the driving form. The mounting height is changed between the overhanging portion provided on one edge of the driving form and the overhanging portion provided on the other edge, and the separator connecting tool is the driving form of the driving form. It is characterized in that it is provided at a position within 350 mm in the width direction of the driving form from the edge portion on the closest side of both edge portions.

According to the present invention, at least one of the effects described below is exhibited.
(1) Watertightness of the indoor space can be ensured by providing a waterproof wall made of a driving formwork that has been integrated at the construction site of the concrete structure on the indoor side of the concrete structure.
(2) Since the driving formwork can be integrated at the construction site of the concrete structure, the transportability to the site is improved without occupying a large production space in the factory.
(3) After constructing the water blocking walls on the wall side and the ceiling side, concrete can be placed on the wall and ceiling at the same time, so the work efficiency is high.
(4) Fillet welding can be performed by utilizing the step generated by different the protrusion lengths of the protruding portions facing each other at the connecting points between the adjacent driving molds, which facilitates the welding work. The efficiency of formwork welding work is improved.
(4) By providing a mounting portion for the interior material or the erection material on the connecting portion on the driving form side or the reinforcing rib, the work efficiency of the interior work is improved.
(5) By arranging all the reinforcing bars at the site, it is possible to reliably arrange the reinforcing bars even in a large-scale building and to properly implement the overlapping joints.
(6) Since the driving formwork is assembled on-site, if the on-site reinforcement is performed before assembly, the overlapping joints can be reliably tied even if the reinforcing bars are crowded, and the construction state of the reinforcement can be visually confirmed.
(7) Gas pressure welding can be used as a joint for reinforcing bars even in the construction of large-scale concrete structures using deformed reinforcing bars of d21 or higher.
(8) A desirable one can be selected from various pairing means according to the watertightness required in the field conditions.

The schematic view of the concrete structure to which this invention was applied. The front side perspective view of the driving form according to this invention. The schematic plan view which shows the shape example of the protrusion. The schematic diagram which shows the vicinity of the protrusion part of the adjacent driving formwork. The schematic perspective view which shows the image which attached the interior material through the protrusion. The rear view which shows the engaging state of the driving form by the overhanging part. The schematic diagram which shows the state which fixed the driving formwork to the horizontal material by the overhanging part. The rear view of the driving form according to this invention. Schematic side sectional view showing the mounting state of the driving form and the separator connector. Schematic diagram when the driving formwork is integrated by screwing Schematic side sectional view showing a state in which a shaped steel is sandwiched between horizontal sheet piles. Work image diagram when attaching the separator to the separator connector. The schematic view when the accommodation space is provided in the protrusion by the joint welding type. Schematic diagram of the case where a storage space is provided in the protruding portion with a joint seal type. Schematic perspective view when a notch is provided in a large protrusion.

The process leading to the idea of the present invention is as follows.
First, we envisioned a ship that floats on water as a metal structure with reliable waterproofness.
For example, if the basement is likened to a concrete ship, the current waterproofing method for the basement is an image of waterproofing the inside and outside of the hull with asphalt or urethane as a measure against inundation. In this image, it is unlikely that it can be used on a ship because it is not 100% safe against inundation.
Therefore, the inventor of the present application examined whether or not the configuration adopted in a ship can be applied as a waterproof structure that is 100% safe against flooding of a concrete structure.

It is assumed that the concrete structure to be applied is not a steel structure, but a reinforced concrete rigid frame structure or a reinforced concrete wall structure that can confirm the safety of the building by structural calculation.
Therefore, a metal plate is attached to the interior material, or the driving formwork used when placing concrete is made of metal, and these driving formwork are integrated in a form that ensures water stoppage to ensure a concrete structure. It is assumed that the indoor side of the object is surrounded by metal.

However, when a metal plate is used for the interior material shown in the former, it is expected that various difficulties will be involved because the metal plate will be attached to the indoor floor, wall, and ceiling in the interior work after the skeleton is completed.
For example, if a metal plate is to be brought indoors after the skeleton is completed, there are restrictions on the carry-in route, and heavy machinery cannot be used freely, so many rely on human power and must be divided into small pieces. Further, welding a metal plate to the ceiling is a difficult upward welding work, which requires not only the hands of skilled workers but also the trouble of having to support a heavy metal plate.
On the other hand, if the metal driving formwork shown in the latter is used, the work will be done in an open space, and not only will it be possible to work with a large heavy machine such as a crane, but also the driving formwork on the ceiling surface will be possible. Welding work can be done by riding on the driving formwork and welding downward, so it is expected that there will be no need to rely on skilled workers.

As a result of the above examination, the inventor of the present application has formed a waterproof wall formed by arranging and integrating a plurality of metal driving formwork for at least one of a wall portion and a ceiling portion on the indoor side of a concrete structure. The idea was to arrange it and use the water blocking wall to suppress the passage of water indoors and outdoors of the concrete structure.
Hereinafter, an example of the driving form and an example of using the driving form will be described.

<1> Overall configuration (Fig. 1)
FIG. 1 shows an outline of a concrete structure to which the present invention is applied.
In FIG. 1, a basement is assumed as a concrete structure, and the surrounding area of the concrete structure is a ground.
On the indoor side of the wall portion Y and the ceiling portion Z on the indoor side of the concrete structure, a wall-side waterproof wall Y1 and a ceiling-side waterproof wall Z1 using the driving form A according to the present invention are constructed. On the indoor side of the floor portion X, a floor-side waterproof wall X1 is constructed by laying a plurality of metal plates after the construction of the floor portion X.
The construction of this concrete structure is roughly divided into
(A) Step of constructing floor X of concrete structure,
(B) A stop in which a plurality of driving formwork A are arranged and integrated directly or indirectly with respect to the indoor side surface of the planned concrete casting location, which is the wall portion Y or the ceiling portion Z of the concrete structure. The process of arranging the water wall,
(C) A process of placing concrete at a planned placement location to construct a wall portion Y and a ceiling portion Z.
At least contains.
The outline of each process will be described below.

<2> Floor construction process (Fig. 1)
For the construction of the floor portion X, any of the commonly used construction methods can be adopted.
In this embodiment, after concrete is cast to construct the floor portion X, a metal plate corresponding to the interior base material or finishing material of the floor portion X is spread over the entire surface of the floor portion X and integrated with each other by welding. ing.
The work of laying the metal plate may be performed before or after the construction of the wall portion Y, which will be described later, and can be appropriately determined within a range consistent with the work.

<3> Reinforcing bars on the wall side and ceiling side and construction of a waterproof wall (Fig. 1)
Next, the reinforcing bars are arranged at the planned construction points of the wall portion Y.
Since the reinforcing bars are arranged before the driving form A is arranged, it is easy to shift the adjacent reinforcing bars by a predetermined distance, and it is possible to perform the lap joint according to the specifications. As a result, even if the reinforcing bars are crowded in the beam portion or the like, the lap joint can be reliably performed, and it is also possible to visually confirm whether the lap joint is properly performed. Further, when the reinforcing bar diameter is large, there is no problem in connecting the reinforcing bar by gas pressure welding.
After that, the driving formwork A of the wall portion Y is arranged and integrated at the site to construct a water blocking wall.
The shape of the driving form A and the details of the integration method will be described in the column of Examples described later.

<4> Construction of water blocking wall on the ceiling side and arrangement of reinforcing bars (Fig. 1)
Next, the waterproof wall of the ceiling portion Z is constructed and the reinforcing bars are arranged at the planned construction location.
On the ceiling side, unlike the wall side, a driving formwork A, which is a lower frame of the ceiling slab, is installed prior to the reinforcement of the reinforcing bars via a support work raised from the floor frame of the basement.
A plurality of driving formwork A for the ceiling are arranged side by side at a predetermined position and welded from above to integrate them with each other, and also to integrate with the already installed wall-side water blocking wall Y1.
When the installation of the ceiling-side water blocking wall Z1 is completed, the reinforcing bars on the ceiling-side are arranged.

<5> Construction of walls and ceiling (Fig. 1)
Concrete is cast at the planned construction points of the wall portion Y and the ceiling portion Z to construct the wall portion Y and the ceiling portion Z.
In the present invention, the concrete placing work on the wall portion Y and the ceiling portion Z may be performed at the same time or separately, but it is preferable that the concrete placing work is performed at the same time because the construction period can be shortened.

<6> Other operations In the case of a basement, the surfaces of the floor-side water stop wall X1, the wall-side water stop wall Y1, and the ceiling-side water stop wall Z1 may condense. Therefore, in order to prevent dew condensation, a heat insulating material may be sprayed or installed on each part as appropriate.
Further, when the driving form A is provided with a mounting portion for the interior material or the erection material, the interior material or the erection material may be installed via the mounting portion.

<7> Action and effect According to the concrete structure according to the present invention, at least one of the following action and effects can be expected.
(1) Since the indoor side of the concrete structure is a watertight space surrounded by metal, a waterproof layer is first attached or applied to the retaining wall of the main pile horizontal sheet pile, which has been conventionally performed, and then the wall. Compared to the "pre-emptive method" in which the reinforcing bars are assembled and concrete is placed, and the "post-installed method" in which the indoor or outdoor side is waterproofed with sheets, non-vulverized rubber, and waterproofing after the basement frame is completed. The reliability of watertightness can be increased.
In addition, if a leaked part is found due to poor welding, it can be repaired by welding again from the indoor side, so that maintainability is also good.
(2) The double-walled structure that is often used in the basement of large buildings is due to the fact that watertightness is not ensured by itself and that the outer circumference of the basement is double-walled. On the other hand, according to the present invention, since there is no need for a double wall, the basement space can be effectively used and watertightness is ensured.
(3) If you try to bring a metal plate to the ceiling or wall indoors later and stick it inside the building, you cannot rely on heavy machinery, so not only is the transportation work mainly done manually, but if you try to stick the metal plate to the ceiling, it faces upward. It is necessary to perform difficult welding. On the other hand, according to the present invention, it is possible to appropriately use heavy machinery, and even when appropriately divided ceiling driving formwork is arranged side by side at a predetermined position and integrated, the heavy machinery is placed upward and downward. Welding can be performed, the work is easy, and there is no need for skilled workers.
(4) Since the present invention has been made to solve the problems of the unit construction method, "the joint positions can be alternately shifted" and "even if the concrete thickness is large in a large-scale building". "Work is possible even if the reinforcing bars are crowded" and "Gas pressure welding is possible".

Next, the details of the driving formwork that can be used in the method for constructing the concrete structure according to the present invention will be described.

<1> Driving formwork (Fig. 2)
The driving formwork A is a member for forming a water blocking wall by arranging a plurality of concrete driving formwork A on the indoor side surface of the planned concrete placement and directly or indirectly integrating them.
The driving form A according to the present embodiment is formed by appropriately providing a protruding portion 20, an overhanging portion 30, and a separator connecting tool 40 on a metal panel main body 10.
The details of each component will be described below.

<2> Panel body (Figs. 2 to 4)
The panel body 10 is a metal member for blocking water flow between the indoor side and the outdoor side of the concrete structure.
The shape of the panel body 10 is not particularly limited, but a long plate material that can be used as the driving form A can be appropriately processed or the like.

<2.1> Formation of ribs Further, if necessary, the panel main body 10 may be provided with ribs for improving the rigidity of the panel main body 10 (not shown).
This rib can be formed by a known method such as a method of welding another member, and a mounting portion for an interior material or an erection material can be provided as in the projecting portion 20 described later.

<3> Protruding part (Fig. 2)
The protrusion 20 is provided at least at the edge of the driving form A in the connecting direction, and is provided for integration with the protruding portion 20 provided in the driving form A of another member adjacent in the connecting direction. It is a member used.
In the example shown in FIG. 2, protrusions 20 are provided on the four sides of the driving form A.

<3.1> Method of forming protrusion length (FIGS. 3 (a) and 3 (b))
In addition, as shown in FIG. 3 (a), the protruding portion has the edge of the driving form A bent indoors, or as shown in FIG. 3 (b), the edge of the driving form A. It can be provided on the side portion of the driving form A in a manner in which another member such as an angle member is attached.

<3.2> Difference in protrusion length (Figs. 3 and 4)
Further, the protruding length of the protruding portion 20 provided on one side of the driving form A can be made larger than the protruding length of the protruding portion 20 provided on the other side of the driving form A. ..
With this configuration, as shown in FIG. 4, a step is generated at the tip of the adjacent protrusions 20, and fillet welding using this step becomes possible, which facilitates the welding work.
<3.3> Mounting part of interior material or erection material (Fig. 5)
The projecting portion 20 may be provided with a mechanism (mounting portion 21) for attaching an interior material or an erection material.
In this embodiment, among the projecting portions 20 that are integrated adjacent to each other, a hole formed in the projecting portion 20 having a large projecting length is used as the mounting portion 21, and an interior material or a temporary material is mounted via the mounting portion 21. There is. Therefore, the welding work for attaching the interior material and the temporary material becomes unnecessary, and the interior work can be efficiently proceeded.

<4> Overhanging part (Figs. 2 and 6)
The overhanging portion 30 is a member provided so as to be exposed from the back surface of the driving form A and the edge portion of the driving form A.
As shown in FIG. 2, in the present embodiment, a male side overhanging portion 30a having one overhanging portion 30 is provided on one edge portion of the driving form A, and faces the other edge portion. The female side overhanging portion 30b is formed of two overhanging portions 30 located so as to sandwich the male side overhanging portion 30a of the other driving form A.
Then, when the driving formwork A is installed side by side as shown in FIG. 6, the exposed portion of the overhanging portion 30 is located on the back surface of the adjacent driving formwork A, and the adjacent driving formwork A are placed on each other. It can be in a state of being engaged by the overhanging portion 30.

<4.1> Positioning by overhanging part (Figs. 7 and 8)
In the present invention, the position of each overhanging portion 30 is not particularly limited.
In this embodiment, the lower overhanging portion 30 constituting the female side overhanging portion 30b is positioned so as to overlap with the horizontal member C previously installed on the floor.
By setting the position, the lower overhanging portion 30 and the horizontal member C are separately connected by bolts or the like to position the arranged driving form A.
Further, in FIG. 8, one side edge of the panel main body 10 is provided with overhanging portions 30 at the top and bottom, respectively, and the other side edge of the panel main body 10 is provided with an overhanging portion 30 substantially in the middle of the panel main body 10. It is provided.

<4.2> Other examples of formation of overhanging part (not shown)
The driving form A according to the present invention is provided with overhanging portions 30 on the upper and lower edges of the panel body 10, and can be integrated with the driving form A of another member adjacent to each other not only in the left-right direction but also in the vertical direction. It may be configured as follows.

<4.3> Omission of overhanging part (not shown)
In the driving form A according to the present invention, the overhanging portion 30 may be omitted as long as the integration of adjacent separate members with the driving form A is sufficiently ensured.

<5> Separator connector (Fig. 8)
In the separator connector 40, in order to regulate the thickness of the concrete structure and prevent deformation of the driving formwork A due to the lateral pressure of the placed concrete and its own weight, the separator D to be placed at the planned concrete placing location is driven. It is a jig for connecting to the mold A.
Various structures and shapes are known for the separator connector 40, and for example, the "beam formwork separator connector 40" disclosed in the actual opening flat 6-87565 can be used.

<5.1> Position of separator connector (Fig. 8)
The mounting position of the separator connector 40 is a position within 350 mm from the closest edge of both edges of the driving form A toward the width direction of the driving form A, that is, the previously installed driving. It is preferable that the position is such that the fingertips of the worker can reach the back side of the mold A when the worker inserts his / her arm.
The reason for this will be described later in <7.2>.

<5.2> Machining the indoor end of the separator connector (Fig. 9)
The separator connector 40 is mounted by inserting the separator connector 40 into a through hole 11 provided in the panel body 10 of the driving form A. It is preferable that the periphery of the through hole 11 is finally welded in order to prevent water from entering from the excavated portion.
If a screw is cut at the indoor end of the separator connector 40 and the screw is inserted into the through hole 11 of the panel body 10 to be exposed to the indoor side, the screw is exposed when the concrete is placed. Hontai E can be attached to the part, or the base material for the interior can be screwed.

<6> Method of integrating driving formwork with each other In addition to the above-mentioned engagement of the overhanging portions 30, the method of integrating the driving formwork A with each other is welding or screwing of the driving formwork A with each other, or other known methods. It can be carried out including at least one of them.

The installation / positioning work of the driving formwork and the integration work of the driving formwork A may be performed in parallel, or the integration work of the driving formwork A is performed after the installation of the driving formwork A is completed. Is also good.
Since the formwork installer and the welder may not always be the same, if the placement of the formwork A is not limited to the welding method but also the screwing method, the formwork will be driven after it is completed. It becomes possible for another contractor to perform the work of integrating A with each other.
Hereinafter, the methods of integration by welding and integration by screwing will be described.

<6.1> Integration by welding (Fig. 4)
As shown in FIG. 4, when the connecting portions of the driving form A are integrated by welding, the welded portions have watertight joints, so that the water stopping property is further ensured.
As described above, if the protruding length of the protruding portion 20 provided on one side of the driving form A is made larger than the protruding length of the protruding portion 20 provided on the other side of the driving form A, Fillet welding can be performed by utilizing the step formed at the tip of the adjacent protrusions 20, and high quality water stopping can be ensured by more reliable welding work.

<6.2> Integration by screwing (Fig. 10)
The driving formwork A can also be integrated (screwed) by fastening bolts.
Depending on the site to which the present invention is applied, it is conceivable that the normal water surface is deep and there is no risk of groundwater permeating indoors. At such a site, a combination of integration by screwing and water stopping means interposed between adjacent driving molds A may be used without requiring high water stopping by welding.
As the water blocking means, for example, either or both of two types of waterproof materials, a packing material and a sealing material 70, can be selected, and the sealing material 70 is used in FIG.

<6.2.1> Additional structure of water stopping means In order to arrange the water stopping means, it is necessary to secure a joint width at a preferable interval between the adjacent driving form A.
As a method for securing this joint width, a nut 50 is attached to the protruding portion 20 of one driving form A to serve as a spacer, and the above-mentioned bolt is attached to the protruding portion 20 of the other adjacent driving form A. A method is conceivable in which a hole through which the screw shaft 61 can be inserted is provided, and the screw shaft 61 of the bolt inserted into the hole is fastened to the nut 50.
According to this method, the joint width corresponding to the height of the head of the nut 50 can be forcibly secured only by arranging and integrating the driving form A.
A water-expandable sealing material 70 can be provided on the indoor side of the secured joint to serve as a double water blocking means for packing and sealing. In addition, if the seal is to be sealed from the indoor side, the seal can be renewed in the future, and if there is a leak, it can be easily repaired by replacing the seal. Further, if the seal bolt 60 is used as the bolt, the water stopping property is increased.

As an example of the above structure, for example, in FIG. 10A, a nut 50 is attached to a protruding portion 20 formed by bending the edge portion of the panel main body 10, and the nut 50 is attached to the protruding portion 20 of the other adjacent driving form A. The screw shaft 61 of the seal bolt 60 is inserted into the provided hole and fastened to the nut 50.
Further, a sealing material 70 is arranged at the joint between the protrusions 20.
A plate-shaped stopper 71 is provided on the back surface side of the driving form A so as to close the joint, and prevents the sealing material 70 from coming off. The stopper 71 may also be used by the overhanging portion 30 described above.

Further, in FIG. 10B, a protrusion 20 is formed by separately attaching an angle to the edge of the panel body 10, a nut 50 is attached to the protrusion 20, and a seal bolt 60 is fastened. The sealing material 70 is arranged at the joint between the 20s.
It is attached to the edge of one of the panel bodies 10 at a position where the angle is deviated, and the edge protruding from this angle also functions as a member for preventing the sealing material 70 from coming off.

<6.2.2> Reason for not providing a new spacer As a method for securing the joint width between the adjacent driving form A, a method of inserting a spacer separately is also conceivable.
However, if a spacer is provided separately, the positions of the spacer and the fastening bolt are separated. Therefore, if the bolt is strongly tightened when the driving form A is integrated, a rotational moment force acts and the protruding portion 20 is formed. There is a risk of deformation.
However, if the nut 50 itself has the role of a spacer as described above, it is advantageous in that the rotational moment force does not act and the possibility that the protruding portion 20 is deformed is reduced.

<6.2.3> Other Modifications In the present invention, the nut 50 and the seal bolt 60 may be exchanged from the configuration shown in FIG. 10, and the head of the seal bolt 60 may be used as a spacer.

<7> Mounting Form of Driving Formwork and Separator Next, the details of the mounting work of the driving formwork A arranged side by side and the separator D provided in advance before the placement of the driving formwork A will be described.

<7.1> Mounting mode on the earth retaining side (Fig. 11)
When a person cannot enter the outside of the underground outer wall, the formwork is installed only on the indoor side by using the earth retaining wall as the outer frame, which is a so-called one-sided formwork configuration.
In this case, the end of the separator D on the earth retaining side is welded to an appropriate separator D receiving steel G in which the separator D is bridged in the vertical or horizontal direction near the earth retaining, or is used for the main pile F1 or the sheet pile of the earth retaining. On the other hand, a mode of attaching to the separator receiving metal fitting H attached in the lateral direction can be considered.
When the soil retaining type is the "parent pile F1 horizontal sheet pile F2 construction method" and the separator receiving metal fitting H is bridged in the vertical direction, the part separated from the main pile F1 is the sheet pile F2, so the separator receiving metal fitting H is welded. Can not do it.
In such a case, as shown in FIG. 11, if an appropriate shaped steel G is sandwiched between the horizontal sheet piles F2 and the separator receiving metal fitting H is welded to the shaped steel G with the longitudinal direction as the longitudinal direction, the receiving metal fitting H can be welded. The separator D can be welded.
Further, depending on the location, the separator D may be welded directly to the shaped steel.

<7.2> Mounting mode on the driving form side (Fig. 12)
In the case of the one-sided formwork configuration, since the formwork installation work and the separator D fixing work are performed only by the work from the indoor side of the concrete structure, there are restrictions on the separator D fixing method.
However, in the present invention, it is provided at a position within 350 mm in the width direction of the driving form A from the closest edge of both edges of the driving form A.
For example, FIG. 12 shows a state in which the separator receiving metal fitting H having the lateral direction in the longitudinal direction is welded to the main pile F1 and the end portion of the separator D is welded to the separator receiving metal fitting H. Then, the separator connector 40 is prepared at a position where the fingertips of the worker can reach even if the arm is inserted from the driving form A side to be arranged in the future on the back side of the already arranged driving form A. Become. Therefore, the separator D can be attached to the driving form A by manually pushing the separator D, in which the nut 50 is screwed to the tip, into the separator connector 40.
It should be noted that the separator D cannot be installed at least on the wall formwork to be attached last. This is because when all the driving formwork A is attached, there is no space for the worker's hand to be inserted.

In the protruding portion 20 of the driving form A, the protruding portion 20 on the other side of the other driving form A can be inserted into the protruding portion 20 on one side of the one driving form A. It may be configured to form a containment space I.
An example of forming this accommodation space I will be described below.

<1> Example of formation of accommodation space 1 (tapping screw + joint welding) (Fig. 13)
In the example shown in FIG. 13, in the installed driving form A, a tapping screw 80 is screwed by a predetermined length on the tip side of the protruding portion 20 on the side having a large protruding length, and the head of the tapping screw 80 is screwed. The gap generated between the protrusion 20 and the protrusion 20 is set as the accommodation space I, the tip of the protrusion 20 of the next driving form A is inserted into the accommodation space I, and the insertion portion is used as a fulcrum for the driving form A. Is rotated (FIG. 13 (a)) to arrange the driving form A at a desired position (FIG. 13 (b)). In this case, since the protruding portions 20 are in contact with each other, the integration work by welding is performed (FIG. 13 (c)).

According to this configuration, the driving form A can be arranged at a predetermined position by rotational movement by utilizing the accommodation space I secured by the tapping screw 80.
Further, if the tapping screw 80 is removed after the driving form A is arranged, the tapping screw 80 does not get in the way when welding the connecting portion of the driving form A.

<2> Example of formation of accommodation space 2 (folded plate + joint seal) (Fig. 14)
In the example shown in FIG. 14, in the installed driving form A, the bent plate 90 is attached to the tip end side of the protruding portion 20 on the side having a large protruding length, and the bent plate 90 and the protruding portion 20 are attached to each other. The gap generated between them is set as the accommodating space I, the tip of the protruding portion 20 of the next driving form A is inserted into the accommodating space I, and the driving form A is rotationally moved with the insertion portion as a fulcrum. , The driving form A is arranged at a desired position.
In the trailing driving form A, the overhanging portion 30 on the release side (not shown) is connected to the separately installed horizontal member C after installation, and is indirectly integrated via the horizontal member C. Can work.
At this time, if the joint width is secured between the two protruding portions 20 by keeping the protruding portion 20 of the subsequent driving form A in contact with the open end of the bent plate 90, the joint width is adjusted to the joint width. , Water stoppage may be ensured by interposing a water stop means such as a waterproof seal.

According to this configuration, the bending plate 90 has a configuration in which the shape is varied and the mounting position with the protruding portion 20 is variable, so that the joint width between the protruding portions 20 can be arbitrarily set. Can be set to length.

A modified example of the driving form according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
In this embodiment, in the driving mold A provided with the protruding portions 20 on all four sides, the protruding portions 20 having different protrusion lengths (significantly protruding portions 20a, small width) adjacent to each other in the left-right direction at the connecting points between the driving molds A. Of the protruding portions 20b), the lower end side of the large protruding portion 20a is cut out according to the protruding length of the narrow protruding portion 20b, and the protruding portion 20 provided on the lower side is projected equivalent to the narrow protruding portion 20b. It is long.
According to this embodiment, the welded portion B on the lower side of the driving form A and the welded portion B between the large protruding portion 20a and the narrow protruding portion 20b adjacent to each other in the left-right direction can be made continuous.

According to the present invention, it can be expected to reliably prevent water flow between the outdoor side and the indoor side in a concrete structure such as a basement, but in order to be more thorough, the welding or the waterproof seal should be defective. It is also necessary to consider the case where
At this time, it is expected that it is often difficult to identify the location of the defect. For example, if the surface of the driving form is wet due to dew condensation or rainfall on the indoor side, it is difficult to determine whether this wetness is water due to a defect.
Therefore, in this embodiment, coloring means (not shown) is provided on the outdoor side surface of the driving formwork and the portion not exposed on the indoor side of the protruding portion.

As this coloring means, a known water-soluble material can be used, but a material exhibiting neutrality or alkalinity is preferable so as not to adversely affect concrete.
An example of the coloring means will be described below.
[1] A mixture of bentonite and a dye or the like.
A mixture obtained by mixing bentonite with a water-soluble dye such as food coloring or a pigment can be used as a coloring means. If this mixture is applied to the outdoor side surface of the driving mold using a roller or a brush, the dye or the like is dissolved by the water generated on the outdoor side of the driving mold to color the water. Can be done.
[2] Colored concrete.
A water-soluble dye or pigment can be mixed with the concrete to be cast to serve as a coloring means.
Needless to say, as the dye to be mixed, a material that does not adversely affect the strength of concrete should be selected.

According to this embodiment, either when concrete is placed on the outdoor side of the driving formwork, or after the casting, the water generated on the outdoor side of the driving formwork is colored and the water blocking wall is made of the driving formwork. If there is a water stop leak due to poor welding or a defect in the seal part, traces of the colored water leaking to the indoor side will remain, making it easier to determine the presence or absence of defects and identify the defective part. Defects can be repaired reliably.

A Driving formwork 10 Panel body 11 Through hole 20 Protruding part 20a Large protruding part 20b Narrow protruding part 21 Mounting part 22 Notch 30 Overhanging part 30a Male side overhanging part 30b Female side overhanging part 40 Separator connector 50 Nut 60 Seal bolt 61 Screw shaft 70 Sealing material 71 Stopper 80 Tapping screw 90 Folded plate B Welded part C Horizontal material D Separator E Hongtai F1 Main pile F2 Sheet pile G Formwork H Separator receiver I Storage space X Floor part X1 Floor side water stop Wall Y Wall Y1 Wall side water stop wall Z Ceiling part Z1 Ceiling side water stop wall

The first invention of the present application, which has been made to solve the above problems, is a method for constructing a concrete structure, wherein (a) a step of constructing a floor portion of the concrete structure and (b) a wall of the concrete structure. the part or the ceiling, a step to the indoor side surface of the pouring planned portion of the concrete, are arranged side by side a plurality of implantation formwork on site, placing directly or indirectly integral cut-off wall, (c) by Da設concrete to the punching set planned portion, at least viewed including the steps of constructing the walls and ceiling, and the implantation formwork, of the edges of the implantation formwork, whereas When the edge of the is used as a joint with the already placed driving form and the other edge is used as the joint with the driving form to be arranged in the future, the driving form is formed from the other edge. A separator connector is provided at a position within 350 mm in the width direction, and the separator connector is located on the concrete casting side of the driving formwork and has a receiving portion to which the tip of the separator can be attached. It is characterized in that, in the above (b), the separator is attached to the receiving portion provided in the driving mold that has been arranged at least from the space on the driving mold side to be arranged in the future.
Further, in the second invention of the present application, in the above-mentioned invention, the edge portion of the driving form is provided with a protruding portion protruding indoor side, which is formed by bending the edge portion or attaching a separate member. It is characterized in that, in the projecting portions facing each other in the adjacent driving formwork, the protruding portion of one projecting portion is configured to be larger than the projecting length of the protruding portion of the other driving formwork.
Further, in the third invention of the present application, in the above invention, the on-site integration work in the above (b) includes engagement by the overhanging portions provided on the mutual driving formwork, and the driving formwork is scheduled to be installed. A horizontal member extending in the width direction on the back side of the driving form is installed in advance at the location, and the driving form can be positioned by fixing the overhanging portion to the horizontal member. It is a feature.
Further, in the fourth invention of the present application, in the above invention, the concrete structure is a basement, and one end of the separator is used as a sheet pile or a main pile constituting a retaining wall for partitioning a planned construction location of the concrete structure. It is characterized in that it is attached directly or indirectly, and the other end of the separator is attached to the separator connector.
Further, the fifth invention of the present application is a driving form used for constructing a concrete structure, and the driving form is a wall or ceiling part of the concrete structure, which is a place where concrete is to be placed. to the inside surface, and constitute a plurality arranging directly arranged or indirectly integral waterproofing walls in local, the implantation formwork, provided on the driving mold, at least provided with a separator coupler, The separator connector is arranged on the back side of the driving form and has at least a receiving portion to which the tip of the separator can be attached, and one of the both edges of the driving form is arranged. When the joint with the already driven formwork and the other edge is the joint with the driving formwork to be arranged in the future, the other edge portion is directed toward the width direction of the driving formwork. The separator connector is provided at a position within 350 mm .
Further, in the sixth invention of the present application, in the fifth invention, the protrusions are further formed on both sides of the driving form by bending the driving form or attaching a separate member to project the driving form indoors. It is characterized in that the protruding length of the protruding portion provided on one side of the driving form is larger than the protruding length of the protruding portion provided on the other side of the driving form. To do.
Further, the seventh invention of the present application further includes, in the fifth or fifth invention, an overhanging portion exposed from the edge of the driving form on the back side of the driving form, and the driving is further provided. It is characterized in that the mounting height is changed between the overhanging portion provided on one edge portion of the mold and the overhanging portion provided on the other edge portion.

The first invention of the present application, which has been made to solve the above problems, is a method for constructing a concrete structure, wherein (a) a step of constructing a floor portion of the concrete structure and (b) a wall of the concrete structure. A process of arranging multiple driving formwork side by side on the site and arranging a water stop wall that is directly or indirectly integrated with the indoor surface of the concrete placement site, which will be the part or ceiling. (C) The driving form includes at least a step of placing concrete at the planned driving location to construct a wall portion and a ceiling portion, and the driving form is one of both edges of the driving form. When the edge is used as a joint with the already placed driving form and the other edge is used as the joint with the driving form to be arranged in the future, the width of the driving form from the other edge is used. The separator connecting tool is provided only at a position within 350 mm in the direction, and the separator connecting tool is located on the concrete casting side of the driving formwork and has a receiving portion to which the tip of the separator can be attached. It is characterized in that, in the above (b), the separator is attached to the receiving portion provided in the driving mold that has been arranged at least from the space on the driving mold side to be arranged in the future.
Further, in the second invention of the present application, in the above-mentioned invention, the edge portion of the driving form is provided with a protruding portion protruding indoor side, which is formed by bending the edge portion or attaching a separate member. It is characterized in that, in the projecting portions facing each other in the adjacent driving formwork, the protruding portion of one projecting portion is configured to be larger than the projecting length of the protruding portion of the other driving formwork.
Further, in the third invention of the present application, in the above invention, the on-site integration work in the above (b) includes engagement by the overhanging portions provided on the mutual driving formwork, and the driving formwork is scheduled to be installed. A horizontal member extending in the width direction on the back side of the driving form is installed in advance at the location, and the driving form can be positioned by fixing the overhanging portion to the horizontal member. It is a feature.
Further, in the fourth invention of the present application, in the above invention, the concrete structure is a basement, and one end of the separator is used as a sheet pile or a main pile constituting a retaining wall for partitioning a planned construction location of the concrete structure. It is characterized in that it is attached directly or indirectly, and the other end of the separator is attached to the separator connector.
Further, the fifth invention of the present application is a driving form used for constructing a concrete structure, and the driving form is a wall or ceiling part of the concrete structure, which is a place where concrete is to be placed. A plurality of water blocking walls are arranged side by side in the field with respect to the inner surface to form a water stop wall that is directly or indirectly integrated, and the driving form is provided with at least a separator connecting tool provided in the driving form. The separator connector is arranged on the back side of the driving form and has at least a receiving portion to which the tip of the separator can be attached, and one of the both edges of the driving form is arranged. When the joint with the already driven formwork and the other edge is the joint with the driving formwork to be arranged in the future, the other edge portion is directed toward the width direction of the driving formwork. The separator connector is provided only at a position within 350 mm.
Further, in the sixth invention of the present application, in the fifth invention, the protrusions are further formed on both sides of the driving form by bending the driving form or attaching a separate member to project the driving form indoors. It is characterized in that the protruding length of the protruding portion provided on one side of the driving form is larger than the protruding length of the protruding portion provided on the other side of the driving form. To do.
Further, the seventh invention of the present application further includes, in the fifth or fifth invention, an overhanging portion exposed from the edge of the driving form on the back side of the driving form, and the driving is further provided. It is characterized in that the mounting height is changed between the overhanging portion provided on one edge portion of the mold and the overhanging portion provided on the other edge portion.

Claims (10)

It is a method of constructing a concrete structure.
(A) The process of constructing the floor of the concrete structure and
(B) A water blocking wall in which a plurality of driving formwork are arranged and integrated directly or indirectly with respect to the indoor side surface of the concrete casting location, which is the wall or ceiling portion of the concrete structure. And the process of arranging
(C) A process of placing concrete at the planned placement location to construct a wall portion and a ceiling portion, and
Characterized by containing at least
How to build a concrete structure. The edge of the driving form is provided with a protruding portion protruding indoors, which is formed by bending the edge or attaching a separate member.
It is characterized in that, in the projecting portions facing each other in the adjacent driving formwork, the protruding portion of one projecting portion is configured to be larger than the protruding portion of the projecting portion of the other driving formwork.
The method for constructing a concrete structure according to claim 1. A separator connector is provided at a position within 350 mm in the width direction of the driving form from the closest edge of both edges of the driving form.
The method for constructing a concrete structure according to claim 1 or 2. The on-site integration work in (b) above is characterized by including welding.
The method for constructing a concrete structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3. The on-site integration work in (b) above is characterized by including screwing.
The method for constructing a concrete structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4. The on-site integration work in (b) above includes engagement by overhanging portions provided on each other's driving formwork.
At the planned installation location of the driving form, a horizontal member extending in the width direction on the back side of the driving form is installed in advance.
By fixing the overhanging portion to the horizontal member, the driving form is positioned.
The method for constructing a concrete structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5. It is characterized in that a water blocking means is provided between adjacent driving formwork.
The method for constructing a concrete structure according to any one of claims 1 to 6. In adjacent driving formwork
The projecting portion on one side of the driving form is provided with a storage space into which the projecting portion on the other side of the other driving form can be inserted.
The method for constructing a concrete structure according to any one of claims 1 to 7. The concrete structure is a basement
One end of the separator
It is directly or indirectly attached to the sheet pile or main pile that constitutes the retaining wall that divides the planned construction site of the concrete structure.
The other end of the separator
It is characterized in that it is attached to the separator connector.
The method for constructing a concrete structure according to any one of claims 1 to 8. It is a driving formwork used for the construction of concrete structures.
On both sides of the driving form, the driving form is bent or a separate member is attached so as to project to the indoor side.
On the back side of the driving form, an overhanging portion exposed from the edge of the driving form and
A separator connector provided on the back side of the driving form and
At least equipped with
The protruding length of the protruding portion provided on one side of the driving form is larger than the protruding length of the protruding portion provided on the other side of the driving form.
The mounting height is changed between the overhanging portion provided on one edge of the driving form and the overhanging portion provided on the other edge.
The separator connector is provided at a position within 350 mm in the width direction of the driving form from the closest edge of both edges of the driving form.
A driving formwork that is characterized by this.

Images