JP2021027723A - motor - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a motor capable of achieving a higher output by an adoption of a vernier motor structure and a concentration winding structure.SOLUTION: In a stator 10, second teeth 14 on which windings U1, V1, and W1 are not wound between first teeth 13 to which the windings U1, V1, and W1 are wound are provided. In the first teeth 13, the windings U1, V1, and W1 are wound with a concentration winding, and housed in a slot 17 between the adjacent second teeth 14, and provides a concave part 16b in a tip opposite part 16 opposite to a rotor 20. When a pole pair number P of a revolving magnetic field generated in the windings U1, V1, and W1, a total number S when an open part 17a of the slot 17 and the concave part 16b of the first teeth 13 are set as a slot part and they are set as a pole pair number R of a rotor magnetic pole 23, a motor M1 is structured as a vernier motor satisfying a following equation: R=S±P.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

The present invention relates to a motor.

A motor called a vernier motor is known. In the vernier motor, in the stator, a recess is provided in the tip facing portion of the teeth facing the rotor separately from the slot between the teeth accommodating the winding, and the total number when the slot opening and the recess are used as the slot portion. It is increasing. That is, the vernier motor operates as if it were a multi-pole motor by increasing the number of slots and generating a harmonic component in the magnetic flux density distribution between the stator and the rotor to increase the torque. (See, for example, Patent Document 1).

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 9-219942

In the vernier motor shown in the above patent documents and the like, the winding mode of the winding with respect to the stator is generally distributed winding. However, in distributed winding, winding is more complicated than centralized winding, and there are concerns that the amount of protrusion in the axial direction from the stator core is large. On the other hand, in the case of replacement with a simple concentrated winding, the winding coefficient is smaller than that of the distributed winding and the utilization rate of the magnet magnetic flux of the rotor is lowered, which raises another concern such as difficulty in improving efficiency. Therefore, even if concentrated winding is used, some ingenuity is required.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a motor capable of further increasing the output by adopting a vernier motor structure and a centralized winding structure.

A motor that solves the above problems has a stator (10) in which three-phase windings (U1, V1, W1, U2, V2, W2) are wound around a plurality of teeth (13), and the motor faces the teeth of the stator. A motor (M1, M2, M3, M4, M5, M6) that includes a rotor (20) provided with a rotor magnetic pole (23) and rotates the rotor in response to a rotating magnetic field generated by the stator. Therefore, in the stator, when the tee on which the winding is wound is the first tee (13), a second tee (14) in which the winding is not wound is provided between the first tees. The first tooth is provided with a tip facing portion (17) in which the winding is wound by centralized winding and accommodated in a slot (17) between the second tooth and the rotor, and facing the rotor. When a recess (16b) is provided in 16), the number of pole pairs P of the rotating magnetic field generated in the winding, the opening (17a) of the slot and the recess of the first tooth are both slot portions. When the total number S of the above and the number of pole pairs R of the rotor magnetic fields are taken, the vernier motor is configured to satisfy the following equation, R = S ± P.

According to the above aspect, a stator with an increased slot portion including the opening of the slot and the concave portion of the tip facing portion of the tooth is used, and the number of pole pairs of the rotating magnetic field generated in the winding and the rotor magnetic pole are matched accordingly. By setting the number of pole pairs of the above to form a vernier motor structure, the torque of the motor can be increased. In addition, by providing the second tooth, the utilization rate of the magnetic flux on the rotor magnetic pole side that could not be fully used in the first tooth can be improved, that is, the winding coefficient, which was a concern for concentrated winding of the winding, can be increased. High efficiency of the motor can also be achieved. With these, it can be expected that the output of the motor will be further increased.

The block diagram of the motor of 1st Embodiment. The block diagram of the motor of the 2nd Embodiment. The block diagram of the motor of the 3rd Embodiment. The block diagram of the motor of 4th Embodiment. The block diagram of the motor of 5th Embodiment. The block diagram of the motor of 6th Embodiment.

(First Embodiment)
Hereinafter, the first embodiment of the motor will be described.
The motor M1 of the present embodiment shown in FIG. 1 is a motor that employs a vernier motor structure and a centralized winding structure. The motor M1 includes an annular stator 10 arranged radially outside and a rotor 20 rotatably arranged inside the stator 10 in the radial direction, each of which is housed in a motor case (not shown). ing.

The stator 10 includes a stator core 11 made of a magnetic metal material and windings U1, V1, W1 made of a three-phase winding. The stator core 11 has an annular portion 12 and first teeth 13 and second teeth 14 extending radially inward from the annular portion 12 and alternately provided in the circumferential direction. Three first and three second teeth 13 and 14 are provided. The first teeth 13 are arranged at equal intervals of 120 °, the second teeth 14 are also arranged at equal intervals of 120 °, and the second teeth 14 are arranged at the center position in the circumferential direction between the adjacent first teeth 13. That is, the teeth portions in which the first and second teeth 13 and 14 are combined are arranged at equal intervals of 60 °.

The first teeth 13 include a teeth main body 15 in which the corresponding windings U1, V1 and W1 are wound continuously from the annulus 12, and a rotor 20 on the opposite side of the teeth main body 15 from the annulus 12. It has a tip facing portion 16 facing each other. The tooth main body 15 is configured to have a circumferential width in a 45 ° range. The tip facing portion 16 projects symmetrically from the tooth main body 15 on both sides in the circumferential direction, specifically, each protrudes in a range of 15 °, and is configured to have a width in the circumferential direction in a range of 75 ° as a whole. Further, the tip facing portion 16 is provided with three facing convex portions 16a and two facing concave portions 16b on the facing surface with the rotor 20. The facing convex portion 16a and the facing concave portion 16b are each provided with a circumferential width in a range of 15 °, and the facing convex portion 16a and the facing concave portion 16b are alternately arranged from the end side.

Unlike the first tooth 13, the second tooth 14 has a simple convex shape, and is composed of a circumferential width in a range of 15 °. Assuming that the first tooth 13 is the main tooth in which the windings U1, V1 and W1 are wound, the second tooth 14 is an auxiliary tooth in which the windings U1, V1 and W1 are not wound.

Slots 17 are formed between the first teeth 13 and the second teeth 14, respectively. A total of six slots 17 are provided, one on each side of each of the first teeth 13. The windings U1, V1 and W1 of the corresponding phases of the U phase, the V phase and the W phase are wound around the three first teeth 13 by concentrated winding, and the windings U1, V1 and W1 of the respective phases are wound around the three first teeth 13. , Each of the first teeth 13 is housed in each slot 17 on both sides. When the opening 17a of the slot 17 and the facing recess 16b of the tip facing portion 16 of the first teeth 13 are both slot portions, 12 of these slot portions are provided at equal intervals of 15 °.

The rotor 20 includes a rotating shaft 21, a rotor core 22 made of a magnetic metal material, and a rotor magnetic pole 23. The rotor core 22 has an annular shape, and the rotating shaft 21 is fitted and fixed to the central portion thereof. In the present embodiment, the rotor magnetic poles 23 are all composed of permanent magnet magnetic poles, and use an N-pole N-pole magnet 24n whose surface side faces the stator 10 side and an S-pole magnet 24s whose surface side is S pole. A total of 22 N-pole magnets 24n and S-pole magnets 24s are used, 11 for each pole. The N-pole magnet 24n and the S-pole magnet 24s are each manufactured in an axially arcuate shape with a circumferential width in the range of (360/22) ° = about 16.4 °. The N-pole magnet 24n and the S-pole magnet 24s are alternately fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the rotor core 22 to form a rotor magnetic pole 23.

The operation of this embodiment will be described.
In the motor M1 of the present embodiment, since the windings U1, V1 and W1 are one in each phase in the stator 10, the number of pole pairs P of the rotating magnetic field generated in the windings U1, V1 and W1 is "1". The total number S when both the opening 17a of the slot 17 and the facing recess 16b of the first teeth 13 are slot portions is "12". In the rotor 20, the pole logarithm R of the rotor magnetic pole 23 including the north pole magnet 24n and the south pole magnet 24s is “11”. And the following formula,

R = S ± P
(R: Number of pole pairs of rotor magnetic poles, S: Total number of slots of stator, P: Number of pole pairs of winding)

The motor M1 of the present embodiment that satisfies the above conditions functions as a vernier motor. That is, in the motor M1 which is a vernier motor, although the pole logarithm P of the windings U1, V1 and W1 of the stator 10 that generates a rotating magnetic field is "1", in addition to the original slot 17, the first teeth By providing the facing recess 16b in the tip facing portion 16 of 13 to increase the slot portion, a harmonic component is generated in the magnetic flux density distribution between the stator 10 and the rotor 20. As a result, the motor M1 of the present embodiment operates as if it were a multi-pole motor, and high torque can be achieved.

Further, in the motor M1 of the present embodiment, since the winding U1, V1, W1 is wound in a concentrated manner in the stator 10, the windings U1, V1, W1 can be easily wound from the stator core 11. The amount of protrusion in the axial direction can also be kept small. Further, by providing the second tooth 14, the utilization rate of the magnet magnetic flux of the rotor magnetic pole 23 that could not be fully used in the first tooth 13 can be improved, and high efficiency can be achieved.

The effect of this embodiment will be described.
(1) A stator 10 is used in which the slot portion in which the opening 17a of the slot 17 and the facing recess 16b of the first tooth 13 are combined is increased, and the rotating magnetic field generated by the windings U1, V1, W1 in accordance with this is used. By setting the number of pole pairs and the number of pole pairs of the rotor magnetic poles 23 to form a vernier motor structure, it is possible to increase the torque of the motor M1. Further, by providing the second teeth 14, the utilization rate of the magnetic flux on the rotor magnetic pole 23 side that could not be fully used in the first teeth 13 is also improved, that is, there is a concern about concentrated winding of the windings U1, V1 and W1. The winding coefficient can be increased, and the efficiency of the motor M1 can be improved. As a result, further increase in output of the motor M1 can be expected.

(2) Since the north pole magnet 24n and the south pole magnet 24s are used as the rotor magnetic pole 23, the rotor 20 can have a general configuration, and the same magnetic flux can be generated at any of the NS poles, so that the motor M1 rotates. It can contribute to stabilization and the like.

(Second Embodiment)
The second embodiment of the motor will be described below.
The motor M2 of the present embodiment shown in FIG. 2 is different from the motor M1 of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1 as a so-called half magnet in which the S pole magnet 24s of the rotor 20 is omitted, and the cost is reduced. It is a motor designed to achieve. The rotor magnetic pole 23 is composed of an N-pole magnet 24n and a salient pole 22a of a rotor core 22 having the same shape as the S-pole magnet 24s to be omitted, and the salient pole 22a is configured to function as a pseudo S-pole.

The effect of this embodiment will be described.
(1) Similar to the motor M1 of the first embodiment, the motor M2 of the present embodiment can be expected to have a higher output.

(2) By replacing the S pole magnet 24s with the salient pole 22a of the rotor core 22, it is expected that the number of parts and the cost can be reduced by omitting the S pole magnet 24s.
(Third Embodiment)
Hereinafter, a third embodiment of the motor will be described.

The motor M3 of the present embodiment shown in FIG. 3 differs from the motor M1 of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1 in that the facing recess 16b of the tip facing portion 16 in the first teeth 13 of the stator 10 A rectifying magnet 18 made of, for example, an S pole permanent magnet is fitted into both the opening 17a of the slot 17. That is, it is configured to appropriately rectify the magnetic flux flowing around each rectifying magnet 18, specifically, the opposed convex portion 16a of the tip facing portion 16 in the first tooth 13 and the second tooth 14.

The effect of this embodiment will be described.
(1) Similar to the motor M1 of the first embodiment, the motor M3 of the present embodiment can be expected to have a higher output.

(2) Similar to the motor M1 of the first embodiment, the motor M3 of the present embodiment also uses the N-pole magnet 24n and the S-pole magnet 24s as the rotor magnetic poles 23, so that the rotor 20 can have a general configuration. In addition, since the same magnetic flux can be generated at any of the NS poles, it can contribute to the stabilization of rotation of the motor M3 and the like.

(3) A rectifying magnet 18 is provided in the facing recess 16b of the first teeth 13 and the opening 17a of the slot 17, and the magnetic flux around each rectifying magnet 18 is preferably rectified. As a result, the effect of reducing the leakage flux can be expected, and it is possible to contribute to increasing the output of the motor M3.

(Fourth Embodiment)
Hereinafter, a fourth embodiment of the motor will be described.
The motor M4 of the present embodiment shown in FIG. 4 is a motor in which the motor M2 of the second embodiment shown in FIG. 2 and the motor M3 of the third embodiment shown in FIG. 3 are combined. That is, the rotor 20 is configured as a half magnet in which the salient pole 22a of the rotor core 22 substitutes for the omitted portion of the S pole magnet 24s. Further, in the stator 10, a rectifying magnet 18 is fitted into the facing recess 16b of the tip facing portion 16 of the first tooth 13 and the opening 17a of the slot 17, so that the magnetic flux around each rectifying magnet 18 is appropriately rectified. It is configured in.

The effect of this embodiment will be described.
(1) Similar to the motor M2 of the second embodiment, the motor M4 of the present embodiment can be expected to have a higher output.

(2) Similar to the motor M2 of the second embodiment, in the motor M4 of this embodiment as well, by replacing the S pole magnet 24s with the salient pole 22a of the rotor core 22, the number of parts is reduced or reduced by omitting the S pole magnet 24s. Expected to increase costs.

(3) Similar to the motor M3 of the third embodiment, in the motor M4 of this embodiment as well, leakage is caused by the magnetic flux rectifying magnet 18 provided in the facing recess 16b of the first teeth 13 and the opening 17a of the slot 17. The effect of reducing magnetic flux can be expected, and it can contribute to increasing the output of the motor M4.

(Fifth Embodiment)
Hereinafter, a fifth embodiment of the motor will be described.
The motor M5 of the present embodiment shown in FIG. 5 differs from the motor M1 of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1 in that the stator 10 doubles the first teeth 13 and the second teeth 14. The windings are also doubled with windings U1, V1, W1 and windings U2, V2, W2. In the rotor 20, the north pole magnet 24n and the south pole magnet 24s constituting the rotor magnetic pole 23 are also doubled.

Therefore, since the motor M5 of the present embodiment uses two windings U1, V1, W1 and two windings U2, V2, W2 for each phase in the stator 10, it is generated at windings U1, ..., W2. The number of pole pairs P of the rotating magnetic field is "2", and the total number S when both the opening 17a of the slot 17 and the facing recess 16b of the first teeth 13 are slot portions is "24". In the rotor 20, the pole logarithm R of the rotor magnetic pole 23 including the N pole magnet 24n and the S pole magnet 24s is “22”.

In other words, the following equation that holds as a vernier motor,

R = S ± P
(R: Number of pole pairs of rotor magnetic poles, S: Total number of slots of stator, P: Number of pole pairs of winding)

Is satisfied by the motor M5 of the present embodiment.

The effect of this embodiment will be described.
(1) Similar to the motor M1 of the first embodiment, the motor M5 of the present embodiment can be expected to have a higher output.

(2) Similar to the motor M1 of the first embodiment, the motor M5 of the present embodiment also uses the N-pole magnet 24n and the S-pole magnet 24s as the rotor magnetic poles 23, so that the rotor 20 can have a general configuration. In addition, since the same magnetic flux can be generated at any of the NS poles, it can contribute to the stabilization of rotation of the motor M5 and the like.

(Sixth Embodiment)
Hereinafter, a sixth embodiment of the motor will be described.
The motor M6 of the present embodiment shown in FIG. 6 is a motor in which the motor M5 of the fifth embodiment shown in FIG. 5 and the motor M4 of the fourth embodiment shown in FIG. 4 are combined. That is, based on the motor M5 of the fifth embodiment in which the configurations of the stator 10 and the rotor 20 are doubled, in the rotor 20, the portion omitted from the S pole magnet 24s is replaced by the salient pole 22a of the rotor core 22. The stator 10 is configured by fitting a rectifying magnet 18 into the facing recess 16b of the tip facing portion 16 of the first teeth 13 and the opening 17a of the slot 17.

The effect of this embodiment will be described.
(1) Similar to the motor M5 of the fifth embodiment, the motor M6 of the present embodiment can be expected to have a higher output.

(2) Similar to the motor M4 of the fourth embodiment, in the motor M6 of this embodiment as well, by replacing the S pole magnet 24s with the salient pole 22a of the rotor core 22, the number of parts is reduced or reduced by omitting the S pole magnet 24s. Expected to increase costs.

(3) Similar to the motor M4 of the fourth embodiment, in the motor M6 of the present embodiment, leakage is caused by the magnetic flux rectifying magnet 18 provided in the facing recess 16b of the first teeth 13 and the opening 17a of the slot 17. The effect of reducing magnetic flux can be expected, and it can contribute to increasing the output of the motor M6.

Each of the above embodiments can be modified and implemented as follows. Each embodiment and the following modified examples can be implemented in combination with each other within a technically consistent range.
-Various numerical values such as the number and angles of the motors M1 to M6 of the first to sixth embodiments are examples, and may be changed as appropriate.

In the first, third and fifth embodiments, both the north pole magnet 24n and the south pole magnet 24s are fixed, and in the second, fourth and sixth embodiments, only the north pole magnet 24n is fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the rotor core 22. However, magnets 24n and 24s may be embedded in the rotor core 22.

-In the third, fourth, and sixth embodiments, the rectifying magnets 18 are provided in both the facing recess 16b of the first teeth 13 and the opening 17a of the slot 17, but they may be provided only on either side. Further, the rectifying magnet 18 may be provided or not provided in the facing recess 16b of the first teeth 13, or the rectifying magnet 18 may be provided or not provided in the opening 17a of the slot 17.

In the motors M1 to M6 of the first to sixth embodiments, the rotor 20 is arranged radially inside the stator 10, but even if the rotor 20 is arranged radially outside the stator 10. Good. Further, the rotor 20 may be arranged on both the radial inner side and the radial outer side of the stator 10. Further, the stator 10 and the rotor 20 may be opposed to each other in the axial direction.

-In addition to the above, the configurations of the motors M1 to M6 may be changed as appropriate.
-Although not particularly mentioned in each of the above embodiments, examples of methods for adjusting the harmonic component of the gap magnetic flux density distribution between the stator 10 and the rotor 20 are listed.

For example, in the stator 10, the inner diameters of the first tooth 13 and the second tooth 14 are made different. That is, the gap size with the rotor 20 is different.
Further, the magnetic resistances of the first tooth 13 and the second tooth 14 are made different.

Further, the width dimension of either the facing recess 16b of the first teeth 13 or the opening 17a of the slot 17 is changed to make the widths unequal.
Further, the magnetic force, magnetizing direction, shape, material, etc. of any of the facing recesses 16b of the first teeth 13 and the rectifying magnet 18 provided in the opening 17a of the slot 17 are made different.

Further, in the rotor 20, the magnetic force, magnetizing direction, shape, material, etc. of either the N-pole magnet 24n or the S-pole magnet 24s of the rotor magnetic pole 23 are made different. Further, the shape, material, etc. of the salient pole 22a are also different.

M1, M2, M3, M4, M5, M6 ... Motor, U1, V1, W1, U2, V2, W2 ... Winding, 10 ... Stator, 13 ... 1st teeth (teeth), 14 ... 2nd teeth, 16 ... Tip facing part, 16b ... facing recess (recess), 17 ... slot, 17a ... opening, 18 ... rectifying magnet, 20 ... rotor, 22 ... rotor core, 22a ... salient pole, 23 ... rotor magnetic pole, 24n ... N pole magnet ( Permanent magnet), 24s ... S pole magnet (permanent magnet).

Claims (3)

A stator (10) in which three-phase windings (U1, V1, W1, U2, V2, W2) are wound around a plurality of teeth (13).
A rotor (20) provided with a rotor magnetic pole (23) facing the teeth of the stator is provided.
A motor (M1, M2, M3, M4, M5, M6) in which the rotor rotates in response to a rotating magnetic field generated by the stator.
In the stator, when the tee on which the winding is wound is the first tee (13), a second tee (14) on which the winding is not wound is provided between the first tees. In the first tooth, the winding is wound in a concentrated winding and housed in a slot (17) between the winding and the adjacent second tooth, and in a tip facing portion (16) facing the rotor. A recess (16b) is provided,
The number of pole pairs P of the rotating magnetic field generated in the winding, the total number S when the opening (17a) of the slot and the recess of the first teeth are both slot portions, and the number of pole pairs R of the rotor magnetic poles. When, it is configured as a vernier motor that satisfies the following equation, R = S ± P.
motor. The rotor includes a rotor core (22) made of a magnetic metal material.
The rotor magnetic pole is composed of a permanent magnet (24n, 24s) and a salient pole (22a) of the rotor core, which is a pseudo magnetic pole different from the permanent magnet.
The motor according to claim 1. A rectifying magnet (18) for magnetic flux rectification is provided at least one of the opening of the slot and the recess of the first tooth.
The motor according to claim 1 or 2.