JP2021021593A - Falling soot and dust measurement method and falling soot and dust measurement system - Google Patents

Abstract

To quickly obtain a measurement result of falling soot and dust.SOLUTION: A falling soot and dust measurement method comprises: a holding step of holding collected falling soot and dust by a holding member installed at a collection site for the falling soot and dust; a first imaging step of imaging a color image Im1 of the holding member holding the falling soot and dust; a conversion step of converting a RGB value in a determination unit included in the color image and being the unit of determining the type of the falling soot and dust into pixel information of a color space defined with brightness and chromaticity; a setting step of setting a previously prepared indicator for determining the type of the falling soot and dust and a color coordinate indicated in the pixel information of the determination unit in the color space; and a first determination step of determining the type of the falling soot and dust indicated by the determination unit on the basis of the indicator and color coordinate.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

The present invention relates to a technique for measuring dust fall using image processing.

Each steel manufacturer sets a voluntary management target value for the fallen dust scattered from the steelworks to the outside of the steelworks site during a predetermined period (for example, one month) (hereinafter referred to as the fallen dust for a predetermined period caused by the steelworks). , Has been announced.

As a method of measuring dust drop caused by a steel mill for a predetermined period, there is a method of using a collector called a deposit cage. This will be briefly described. A water-filled deposit cage is installed at a measurement point for dust fall for a predetermined period caused by a steel mill, and the deposit cage is collected and replaced in units of the predetermined period. The collected material is taken out from the collected deposit cage, and the insoluble material that is insoluble in water is extracted from the collected material. Natural factors (eg, yellow sand) are removed from this insoluble material. The remaining material is regarded as dust falling for a predetermined period due to the steelworks, and its weight is measured. This measured value is compared with the self-managed target value.

If the amount of dust fall for a predetermined period caused by the steelworks exceeds the self-management target value, a penalty (for example, suspension of operation) may be imposed. In order to ensure stable operation of the steelworks, it is necessary to prevent the amount of dust fall caused by the steelworks for a predetermined period from exceeding the self-management target value.

Therefore, apart from the measurement of the dust drop caused by the steel mill for a predetermined period, the dust fall caused by the steel mill is measured in units of a period shorter than the predetermined period (for example, one day). This will be briefly described. A tray filled with water is installed at a measurement point for dust fall caused by a steel mill, and the tray is collected and replaced in units of the short period. The amount of dust fall due to the steel mill is measured for the collected items in the collected tray in the same manner as the measurement method using the deposit cage.

Based on this amount of dust fall, the operator of the steelworks predicts the amount of dust fall for a predetermined period due to the steelworks, and if there is a risk that the predicted amount will exceed the self-management target value, take measures (for example, Change the operational status of equipment that causes dust fall, or strengthen watering of this equipment). This prevents the amount of dust fall during a predetermined period caused by the steelworks from exceeding the self-management target value.

The method using a tray obtains measurement results based on the measurement principle (collection of deposit cage, removal of collected material from deposit cage, extraction of insoluble matter insoluble in water from the removed material, etc.). It takes time (for example, at the earliest, the measurement result is obtained in the afternoon of the day after the tray is collected). As a technique capable of shortening this time, for example, there is a dust measuring device disclosed in Patent Document 1. Since this device uses image processing to measure dust scattered from the steel mill (in other words, dust fall caused by the steel mill), it is possible to obtain the measurement result of dust fall more quickly than the method using a tray. Can be done.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2010-210318

According to the dust measuring device disclosed in Patent Document 1, the measurement result of dust fall can be obtained quickly. The present inventors have found a technique capable of rapidly obtaining the measurement result of dust fall by a method different from this device.

An object of the present invention is to provide a dust drop measurement method and a dust drop measurement system capable of rapidly obtaining a measurement result of dust drop.

The method for measuring the fallen dust according to the first aspect of the present invention includes a holding step of holding the collected dust by a holding member installed at the collection site of the fallen dust, and holding the fallen dust. A color space in which the first photographing step of photographing the color image of the holding member and the RGB value of the discrimination unit included in the color image and which is a unit for discriminating the type of dust fall are defined by brightness and chromaticity. A conversion step for converting to pixel information, an index prepared in advance for determining the type of dust fall, a setting step for setting color coordinates indicated by the pixel information in the color space, and the color space. The present invention includes a first determination step of determining the type of dust fall indicated by the determination unit based on the index and the color coordinates set in.

The holding member is a member capable of holding the falling dust. The dust drop may be attached to the holding member (for example, when the holding member is an adhesive surface of an adhesive tape), or the dust drop may not be attached to the holding member (for example, when the holding member is a filter paper). The holding member is preferably one color, which is different from the color of the falling dust.

The discrimination unit will be described with reference to a specific example. When an image of falling soot and dust is extracted from a color image and the type of falling soot and dust is determined for this image, this image is used as a discrimination unit. When the type of dust fall is discriminated for each pixel constituting the color image, each pixel constituting the color image is a discriminating unit.

The color spaces defined by brightness and chromaticity are, for example, L * a * b *, L * u * v *, YCrCb, YPbPr, and XYZ. In the RGB color space, it is difficult to distinguish between descent dusts with similar chromaticity. On the other hand, in a color space defined by brightness and chromaticity, even if the chromaticity is similar, it can be discriminated if the brightness is different. Therefore, the RGB value of the discrimination unit is converted into pixel information in a color space defined by brightness and chromaticity.

The index for discriminating the type of dust fall and the color coordinates indicated by the pixel information of the discriminating unit are set in the color space defined by the brightness and chromaticity, and the discriminating unit is based on this. The type of dust fall shown is determined. As described above, according to the method for measuring dust drop according to the first aspect of the present invention, the type of dust drop is determined by using image processing, so that the measurement result of dust drop can be obtained quickly.

In the above configuration, the setting step sets a plurality of the indexes for each type of dust, and the plurality of indexes are a plurality of colors indicating a range of colors of the dust provided for each type of dust. The first discrimination step is determined based on the region, and for each of the plurality of indexes, the distance between the index and the color coordinates indicated by the pixel information is calculated, and the discrimination unit indicates the distance. The type of dust fall is determined to be the dust fall corresponding to the index having the shortest distance.

This configuration is an example of an index. For example, the center of gravity of each of the plurality of color regions can be used as a plurality of indexes.

In the above configuration, the setting step sets an identification function for discriminating the type of dust fall in the color space as the index, and the first discriminating step has the color coordinates indicated by the pixel information. When it is determined that the position is located on one side with reference to the boundary defined by the discrimination function, the type of the descent dust indicated by the discrimination unit is discriminated as the descent dust corresponding to the one side, and the other side. When it is determined that the position is located in, the type of the descent dust indicated by the discrimination unit is discriminated as the descent dust corresponding to the other side.

This configuration is another example of an indicator.

In the above configuration, before the first determination step, a second image of the holding member is taken with the holding member holding the dust drop being irradiated with ultraviolet light from an ultraviolet light source. In the photographing step and the image photographed in the second photographing step, it is determined whether or not the portion corresponding to the discrimination unit exhibits fluorescence, and if it is determined that the discrimination unit exhibits fluorescence, the discrimination unit is determined. It is provided with an exclusion step of excluding from the discrimination target of the type of dust fall.

When the fallen dust is collected, organic particles (pollen, carcasses of small insects, etc.) are collected together with the fallen dust. Especially in the season when the amount of pollen is large, the amount of pollen cannot be ignored. This configuration utilizes the property that the organic matter fluoresces when the organic matter is irradiated with ultraviolet rays, and excludes the particles of the organic matter from the discrimination target of the type of dust fall.

In the above configuration, in the first shooting step, the color image is shot from a plurality of shooting directions, and in the method for measuring dust fall, the discrimination unit is set to the shooting direction based on the plurality of color images. A second determination step is provided in which it is determined whether or not the brightness is different accordingly, and when it is determined that the brightness is different, the falling soot and dust indicated by the determination unit is determined to be of a glossy type.

According to this configuration, it is possible to distinguish between dung dust having similar colors but having gloss (for example, quiche graphite) and dung dust having no luster (for example, coke).

In the above configuration, after the first determination step, a calculation step is provided for calculating the amount of the fallen soot and dust shown in the color image for each type of the fallen soot and dust.

In the first discrimination step, the type of the collected dust is determined, so that the composition of the collected dust can be known. According to this configuration, the amount of dust fall is further calculated for each type of dust fall collected. For example, by using an amount conversion table showing the amount per pixel (for example, mass, weight) for each type of dust drop, the amount of dust fall is calculated for each type of dust drop.

In the above configuration, the types of dust fall include coke-based dust fall, iron-based dust fall, and lime-based dust fall.

These types are types of dust fall caused by steelworks.

The descent dust measurement system according to the second aspect of the present invention is installed at a descent dust collection site, and is a holding member that holds the collected descent dust and the holding member that holds the descent dust. The imaging unit that captures a color image and the RGB value of the discrimination unit included in the color image, which is a unit for discriminating the type of dust fall, are converted into pixel information in a color space defined by brightness and chromaticity. A conversion unit, an index prepared in advance for determining the type of dust fall, a setting unit for setting the color coordinates indicated by the pixel information in the color space, and the index set in the color space. And a first discriminating unit for discriminating the type of dust fall indicated by the discriminating unit based on the color coordinates.

The dust fall measurement system according to the second aspect of the present invention defines the dust drop measurement method according to the first aspect of the present invention from the viewpoint of the system, and is the same as the dust drop measurement method according to the first aspect of the present invention. Has the effect of.

According to the present invention, the measurement result of dust drop can be obtained quickly.

It is a block diagram of the falling dust measuring apparatus used in the falling dust measuring method which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a schematic diagram of the descent dust collecting apparatus used in the descent dust measuring method which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a graph explaining the 1st example of an index. It is a graph explaining the 2nd example of an index. It is a graph explaining the 3rd example of an index. It is a flowchart explaining the first half of the fall dust measurement method which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a flowchart explaining the latter half of the fall dust measurement method which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a block diagram of the falling dust measuring apparatus used in the falling dust measuring method which concerns on 2nd Embodiment. It is a schematic diagram explaining the generation method of a particle color image. It is a flowchart explaining the measurement method of the falling dust which concerns on 2nd Embodiment. It is a block diagram of the falling dust measuring apparatus used in the falling dust measuring method which concerns on 3rd Embodiment. It is a schematic diagram of the descent dust collecting apparatus used in the descent dust measuring method which concerns on 3rd Embodiment. It is a flowchart explaining the first half of the fall dust measurement method which concerns on 3rd Embodiment. It is a flowchart explaining the latter half of the fall dust measurement method which concerns on 3rd Embodiment. It is a block diagram of the falling dust measuring apparatus used in the falling dust measuring method which concerns on 4th Embodiment. It is a schematic diagram which shows the relationship between the photographing part which concerns on 4th Embodiment, and the three sheets of paper color images photographed by the photographing part. It is a schematic diagram explaining the method of generating a composite image. It is a schematic diagram explaining the method of generating a gloss extraction image. It is a flowchart explaining the first half of the fall dust measurement method which concerns on 4th Embodiment. It is a flowchart explaining the latter half of the fall dust measurement method which concerns on 4th Embodiment.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In each figure, the configurations with the same reference numerals indicate that they are the same configuration, and the description of the configurations already described will be omitted.

Based on the color of the fallen dust, the fallen dust can be divided into multiple types. An example of dust drop caused by a steel mill will be described. Coke-based dust fall contains coal, coke, etc., and exhibits a blackish color. Iron-based dust fall contains iron ore, sinter, etc., and exhibits a reddish color. Lime-based dust fall contains lime, slag, etc., and exhibits a white color. In the method for measuring dust fall according to the embodiment, the type of dust fall is discriminated based on the color of dust fall, the amount is calculated for each discriminated type, and these are output as the measurement result of dust fall.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a dust drop measuring device 1a used in the dust drop measuring method according to the first embodiment. The dust drop measuring device 1a includes a control processing unit 10, an IF unit 11, a photographing unit 12, an input unit 13, and an output unit 14. The motor 207 and the length measuring meter 208 are components of the dust collecting device 200a (FIG. 2), which will be described later. The descent / dust collection device 200a and the descent / dust measuring device 1a constitute a descent / dust measuring system.

The control processing unit 10 controls the entire descent and dust measuring device 1a, and performs control and processing necessary for the operation of the descent and dust measuring device 1a. The control processing unit 10 executes the functions of hardware such as a CPU (Central Processing Unit), a RAM (Random Access Memory), a ROM (Read Only Memory), and an HDD (Hard Disk Drive), and the control processing unit 10. It is realized by the program and data of.

The IF unit 11 is connected to the control processing unit 10 and inputs / outputs a signal or the like to and from an external device according to the control of the control processing unit 10. The IF unit 11 is connected to an external device by wire or wirelessly. The external devices are, for example, a photographing unit 12, a motor 207, and a length measuring meter 208. The IF unit 11 is realized by an input / output interface circuit.

The photographing unit 12 is a visible light camera and photographs a color image Im1 of the filter paper 201 holding the falling dust (hereinafter, may be referred to as “filter paper color image Im1”). explain in detail. FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the dust drop collector 200a used in the dust fall measurement method according to the first embodiment. The descent dust collecting device 200a is installed at the site where the descent dust is collected, and includes a filter paper 201, a rotating shaft 202, a rotating roller 203, a funnel 204, a rotating roller 205, a rotating shaft 206, and a motor. The 207, the length measuring meter 208, and the housing 209 for accommodating them are provided.

The filter paper 201 has an elongated shape and is wound in a roll shape. The filter paper 201 is a holding member that holds the falling dust. The holding member is not limited to the filter paper 201. For example, the adhesive surface of the adhesive tape wound in a roll shape may be used as a holding member.

The rotation shaft 202 and the rotation shaft 206 are arranged at intervals. The rotary roller 203 is arranged on the rotary shaft 202 side, and the rotary roller 205 is arranged on the rotary shaft 206 side.

The rotating shaft 202 is inserted into the center of the roll-shaped filter paper 201. The roll-shaped filter paper 201 is hung on the rotating rollers 203 and 205, and the tip of the filter paper 201 is fixed to the rotating shaft 206. The rotating shaft 206 is made rotatable counterclockwise by the motor 207. When the rotating shaft 206 rotates counterclockwise, the filter paper 201 is sent out from the rotating shaft 202. The sent out filter paper 201 is horizontally changed by the rotating roller 203, and the collection area R1 and this area It is sent to the photographing region R2 downstream of the above, is turned in the direction of the rotating shaft 206 by the rotating roller 205, and is wound up by the rotating shaft 206.

A funnel 204 is installed in the collection area R1. The entrance of the funnel 204 is exposed to the outside of the housing 209. The funnel 204 collects dust descending from the sky above the collection site. The collected dust drops fall on the filter paper 201 located below the exit of the funnel 204 and is held by the filter paper 201.

The motor 207 rotates the rotating shaft 206 counterclockwise to wind the filter paper 201 around the rotating shaft 206, so that the filter paper 201 located in the collection area R1 is sent to the photographing area R2, and a new filter paper 201 is generated. The process of being sent to the collection area R1 is performed. The process is repeated by the motor 207 rotating the rotating shaft 206 counterclockwise at predetermined time intervals (for example, one hour intervals).

In the housing 209, the photographing unit 12 is installed above the photographing area R2. The photographing unit 12 photographs a color image of the filter paper 201 (the filter paper 201 holds the falling dust) located in the photographing area R2, that is, the filter paper color image Im1.

The length measuring meter 208 measures the rotation speed of the rotating roller 203, and measures the length of the filter paper 201 sent out from the rotating shaft 202 based on the measured rotation speed. The length measuring meter 208 includes, for example, a rotary encoder that measures the rotation speed of the rotating roller 203, and a microcomputer that calculates the length of the filter paper 201 using the measured rotation speed. Based on the length of the filter paper 201 measured by the length measuring meter 208, the filter paper 201 located in the collection area R1 is sent to the photographing area R2.

With reference to FIG. 1, the input unit 13 is connected to the control processing unit 10 and is a device for an operator to input various information, data, commands and the like. The input unit 13 is realized by a mouse, a keyboard, a touch panel, or the like. The output unit 14 is a device connected to the control processing unit 10 and outputs commands, data, measurement results of falling dust, etc. input from the input unit 13 under the control of the control processing unit 10. The output unit 14 is realized by a liquid crystal display, an organic EL display (Organic Light Emitting Diode display), or the like.

The control processing unit 10 includes an imaging control unit 101, a motor control unit 102, a storage unit 103, a conversion unit 104, a setting unit 105, a first discrimination unit 106, and a measurement result generation unit 107 as functional blocks. , Equipped with. The control processing unit 10 may be software (program, data) that realizes these functions, or hardware such as FPGA. The dust fall measuring device 1a may be a computer on which this software is pre-installed, or a computer on which this software is installed by a user.

The shooting control unit 101 generates a shooting command signal, and causes the IF unit 11 to transmit the shooting command signal to the shooting unit 12. The photographing unit 12 photographs the filter paper color image Im1 according to the transmitted photographing command signal, and outputs the filter paper color image Im1 to the dust drop measuring device 1a. The filter paper color image Im1 is input to the IF unit 11, and the control processing unit 10 stores the filter paper color image Im1 in the storage unit 103.

With reference to FIGS. 1 and 2, the motor control unit 102 generates a rotation start signal, and causes the IF unit 11 to transmit the rotation start signal to the motor 207. The motor 207 starts the counterclockwise rotation of the rotation shaft 206 according to the transmission start signal. The motor control unit 102 stores in advance length data indicating the length from the collection area R1 to the photographing area R2, and the length of the filter paper 201 measured by the length measuring meter 208 reaches the length indicated by the data. At that time, a rotation stop signal is generated, and the IF unit 11 transmits the rotation stop signal to the motor 207. The motor 207 stops the rotation of the rotation shaft 206 according to the transmission stop signal. As a result, the filter paper 201 located in the collection area R1 is sent to the photographing area R2, and a new filter paper 201 is sent to the collection area R1.

With reference to FIG. 1, the storage unit 103 stores the filter paper color image Im1 and the like.

The conversion unit 104 sets the RGB value of the discrimination unit included in the filter paper color image Im1 as the unit for discriminating the type of dust fall to the L * a * b * value (pixels in the color space defined by brightness and chromaticity). Information). The discrimination unit will be described with reference to a specific example. When a particle image (image of falling soot and dust, etc.) is extracted from the filter paper color image Im1 and the type of falling soot and dust is discriminated from the particle image, the particle image is used as a discrimination unit. When the type of dust fall is discriminated for all the pixels constituting the filter paper color image Im1, each pixel constituting the filter paper color image Im1 is the discriminating unit.

The L * a * b * color space is an example of a color space defined by brightness and chromaticity. In the RGB color space, it is difficult to distinguish between descent dusts with similar chromaticity. On the other hand, in the L * a * b * color space, even if the descent dusts have similar chromaticities, they can be discriminated if the brightness is different. Therefore, the RGB value of the discrimination unit is converted into the L * a * b * value.

The setting unit 105 sets an index prepared in advance for determining the type of dust fall and color coordinates indicated by pixel information in the L * a * b * color space. The index is stored in advance in the storage unit 103.

FIG. 3 is a graph illustrating a first example of the index. FIG. 4 is a graph illustrating a second example of the index. FIG. 5 is a graph illustrating a third example of the index. In both graphs, the L * axis is omitted and the two-dimensional space defined by the a * axis and the b * axis is shown, but in reality, it is defined by the L * axis, the a * axis, and the b * axis. The three-dimensional space (L * a * b * color space) is shown. Two types of descent dust, a coke-based descent dust and an iron-based descent dust, will be described as an example.

The first example of the index will be described first. With reference to FIG. 3, the creator of the index measured the L * a * b * values for a large number of coke-based and iron-based dust fall samples, and the colors indicated by these measured values. Set the coordinates in the L * a * b * color space. The creator of the indicator performs a cluster analysis on these color coordinates. As a result, in the L * a * b * color space, a cluster showing the range of coke-based dust fall and a cluster showing the range of iron-based dust fall can be formed. The former cluster shows a color region (hereinafter, coke-based color region Rc) indicating a color range of coke-based dust fall. The latter cluster shows a color region (hereinafter, iron-based color region Ri) indicating a color range of iron-based dust fall.

The creator of the index obtains the coordinates (cluster center of gravity) of each of the two clusters (coke-based color region Rc and iron-based color region Ri). The barycentric coordinates of one cluster (coke-based color region Rc) are coke-based barycentric coordinates Cc. The barycentric coordinates of the other cluster (iron-based color region Ri) are the iron-based barycentric coordinates Ci. The coke-based barycentric coordinate Cc is an example of an index determined based on the coke-based color region Rc. The iron-based barycentric coordinate Ci is an example of an index determined based on the iron-based color region Ri.

A second example of the index will be described. With reference to FIG. 4, the creator of the index obtains a discriminant function F1 (discriminant) indicating a boundary surface that separates the coke-based color region Rc and the iron-based color region Ri. The second example is a case where the boundary surface is a plane (linear discrimination), and the discrimination function F1 serves as an index.

A third example of the index will be described. With reference to FIG. 5, the creator of the index obtains a discriminant function F2 (discriminant) indicating a boundary surface that separates the coke-based color region Rc and the iron-based color region Ri. In the third example, the boundary surface is a curved surface. This is a case (non-linear discrimination), and the discriminant function F2 serves as an index.

The explanation of indicators related to lime-based dust fall is omitted. Since the color of lime-based dust drop is different from the color of coke-based dust drop and iron-based dust drop, an index related to lime-based dust drop can be created in the same manner.

With reference to FIG. 1, the first discrimination unit 106 is based on the color coordinates Cp indicated by the index set in the L * a * b * color space and the pixel information of the discrimination unit, and the dust fall and dust indicated by the discrimination unit. Determine the type of. Since the pixel information of the discrimination unit is the L * a * b * value, the color coordinate Cp is defined by the L * value, the a * value, and the b * value of the discrimination unit.

The case where the index is the first example will be described. With reference to FIG. 3, the first discriminating unit 106 calculates the distance between the coke-based barycentric coordinate Cc and the color coordinate Cp indicated by the pixel information of the discriminating unit, and also calculates the iron-based barycentric coordinate Ci and the pixel of the discriminating unit. The distance from the color coordinate Cp indicated by the information is calculated. The concept of distance is not limited, and may be, for example, Manhattan distance or Euclidean distance.

The first discrimination unit 106 discriminates the type of dust descent indicated by the discrimination unit as the dust descent corresponding to the coordinates of the center of gravity with a small distance. For example, in FIG. 3, the type of dust fall indicated by the discrimination unit is discriminated as iron-based dust fall.

Although the case where there are two indexes has been described (corks-based barycentric coordinates Cc, iron-based barycentric coordinates Ci), when there are three or more indexes, the first discriminating unit 106 determines the type of dust fall indicated by the discriminating unit, and the distance is It is determined to be descent dust corresponding to the smallest coordinates of the center of gravity.

The first discriminating unit 106 does not use the barycentric coordinates (coke-based barycentric coordinates Cc, iron-based barycentric coordinates Ci), but uses the color coordinates of a large number of coke-based soot and dust samples used in the cluster analysis, and The color coordinates of a large number of samples of iron-based soot and dust may be used. In this case, the first discriminating unit 106 obtains the color coordinates closest to the color coordinates Cp with respect to a part or all of the color coordinates of a large number of samples of coke-based soot and dust (for example, an approximate nearest neighbor search). ), Find the color coordinates that are closest to the color coordinates Cp for some or all of the color coordinates of many samples of iron-based dust (for example, approximate nearest neighbor search), and compare these distances. The type of dust fall indicated by the discrimination unit is determined.

The case where the index is the second example will be described. With reference to FIG. 4, in the first discrimination unit 106, the color coordinate Cp indicated by the pixel information of the discrimination unit is on one side (iron-based color region Ri side) with reference to the boundary defined by the discrimination function F1. When it was determined that it was located in, the type of descent dust indicated by the discrimination unit was determined to be the descent dust corresponding to one side (iron-based descent dust), and it was determined that it was located on the other side (coke-based color region Rc side). When, the type of descent dust indicated by the discrimination unit is discriminated as the descent dust corresponding to the other side (coke-type descent dust). For example, in FIG. 4, the type of dust fall indicated by the discrimination unit is discriminated as iron-based dust fall.

When the index is the third example (FIG. 5), the index is the same as that of the second example except that the discriminant function F1 becomes the discriminant function F2, so the description is omitted.

With reference to FIG. 1, the measurement result generation unit 107 generates the measurement result of the fallen dust obtained by collecting the fallen dust for a predetermined time (for example, 1 hour). explain in detail. The measurement result generation unit 107 calculates the amount of dust fall for each type of dust fall discriminated by the first discriminating unit 106 (for example, coke-based dust drop, iron-based dust drop, lime-based dust drop). .. The storage unit 103 stores in advance an amount conversion table showing the amount per pixel (for example, mass, weight) for each type of dust fall. The measurement result generation unit 107 calculates the amount of dust fall by multiplying the number of pixels of the dust fall and the amount per pixel for each type of dust fall discriminated by the first discriminating unit 106. The measurement result generation unit 107 generates this calculation result as a measurement result.

The method for measuring dust drop according to the first embodiment will be described. FIG. 6 is a flowchart illustrating the first half of this method. FIG. 7 is a flowchart illustrating the latter half of this method. With reference to FIGS. 1, 2 and 6, the operator removes the lid that closes the entrance to the funnel 204 to initiate the collection of soot and dust. The fallen dust collected by the funnel 204 falls on the filter paper 201 of the collection area R1 and is held there (S10).

The operator immediately operates the input unit 13 to input a command for starting measurement of dust drop. When the descent dust collecting device 200a is installed remotely from the descent dust measuring device 1a, the first operator who has removed the lid that closes the entrance of the funnel 204 operates the descent dust measuring device 1a. Notify the second operator by telephone or the like. The second operator immediately operates the input unit 13 to input a command to start the measurement of dust drop.

The control processing unit 10 starts the measurement for a predetermined time (for example, 1 hour) by the instruction to start the measurement of the dust drop (S20). The predetermined time is one collection time. The control processing unit 10 determines whether or not a predetermined time has elapsed (S21). When the control processing unit 10 determines that the predetermined time has not elapsed (No in S21), the control processing unit 10 repeats the processing S21.

When the control processing unit 10 determines that the predetermined time has elapsed (Yes in S21), the control processing unit 10 notifies the motor control unit 102, and the motor control unit 102 generates a rotation start signal. The IF unit 11 transmits a rotation start signal to the motor 207 (S22). Upon receiving the rotation start signal, the motor 207 starts rotating the rotation shaft 206 counterclockwise. That is, the operation of feeding the filter paper 201 is started (S11).

The length measuring meter 208 measures the length of the filter paper 201 being sent, and sequentially transmits the measured length data to the dust drop measuring device 1a (S12). The length data is input to the IF unit 11 and sent to the motor control unit 102. The motor control unit 102 determines whether or not the length of the filter paper 201 indicated by the length data has reached a predetermined value (S23). The predetermined value is the distance from the collection area R1 to the photographing area R2. When the motor control unit 102 determines that the length of the filter paper 201 indicated by the length data has not reached a predetermined value (No in S23), the process S23 is repeated.

When the motor control unit 102 determines that the length of the filter paper 201 indicated by the length data has reached a predetermined value (Yes in S23), the motor control unit 102 generates a rotation stop signal. The IF unit 11 transmits a rotation stop signal to the motor 207 (S24). The motor 207 stops the rotation of the rotation shaft 206 by receiving the rotation stop signal. That is, the operation of feeding the filter paper 201 ends (S13). As described above, the filter paper 201 of the collection area R1 is sent to the photographing area R2, and a new filter paper 201 is sent to the collection area R1.

Although not shown in FIG. 6, after the process S24, the control processing unit 10 newly starts the measurement for a predetermined time (for example, 1 hour) (S20). The fallen dust collected by the funnel 204 falls on a new filter paper 201 sent to the collection area R1 and is held there (S10). The subsequent processing is the same as the above description, and will be omitted.

After the process S24, the photographing control unit 101 generates a photographing command signal. The IF unit 11 transmits a shooting command signal to the shooting unit 12 (S25). Upon receiving the photographing command signal, the photographing unit 12 photographs the filter paper color image Im1 and transmits the filter paper color image Im1 to the dust drop measuring device 1a (S14). The filter paper color image Im1 is input to the IF unit 11 and sent to the control processing unit 10 by the IF unit 11. The control processing unit 10 stores the filter paper color image Im1 in the storage unit 103 (S26).

With reference to FIGS. 1 and 7, the conversion unit 104 reads the filter paper color image Im1 from the storage unit 103 and converts RGB values into L * a * b * values for all the pixels of the filter paper color image Im1 (S27). ). Each pixel constituting the filter paper color image Im1 is a discrimination unit. The L * a * b * value is pixel information in a color space defined by brightness and chromaticity.

The setting unit 105 sets the index in the L * a * b * color space. The index may be any of the first example (FIG. 3), the second example (FIG. 4), and the third example (FIG. 5). The setting unit 105 selects one pixel from all the pixels constituting the filter paper color image Im1, and the color coordinates indicated by the L * a * b * values of the pixels (color coordinates Cp indicated by the pixel information of the discrimination unit). ) Is set in the L * a * b * color space in which the index is set (S28).

The first discrimination unit 106 is based on the color coordinates (color coordinates Cp indicated by the pixel information of the discrimination unit) and the index indicated by the L * a * b * values of one pixel, and one pixel (discrimination unit). Determines the type of dust fall indicated by (S29).

The setting unit 105 determines whether or not the process S29 is completed for all the pixels constituting the filter paper color image Im1 (S30). When the setting unit 105 determines that the process S29 has not been completed for all the pixels constituting the filter paper color image Im1, the process returns to the process S28 (No in S30).

When the setting unit 105 determines that the processing S29 has been completed for all the pixels constituting the filter paper color image Im1 (Yes in S30), the measurement result generation unit 107 determines that the dust drops have been determined by the first determination unit 106. By multiplying the number of pixels of the fallen dust and the amount per pixel for each type, the amount of the fallen dust is calculated, and the measurement result of the fallen dust indicating this is generated (S31).

The control processing unit 10 causes the output unit 14 to output the measurement result of the dust fall generated in the processing S31.

The second embodiment will be described focusing on the differences from the first embodiment. In the second embodiment, each particle image 301 included in the particle color image Im3 (FIG. 9) is used as a discrimination unit instead of each pixel constituting the filter paper color image Im1. FIG. 8 is a block diagram of the dust drop measuring device 1b used in the dust drop measuring method according to the second embodiment. The control processing unit 10 of the dust drop measuring device 1b further includes an image generation unit 108 as a functional block.

The image generation unit 108 generates a particle color image Im3. FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram illustrating a method of generating a particle color image Im3. The particle color image Im3 is generated by using the filter paper color image Im1 and the labeling image Im2. The filter paper color image Im1 includes a large number of particle images 301 with the filter paper 201 (FIG. 2) as the background 303. The particle image 301 is an image of dust fall, an image of pollen, an image of a dead small insect, and the like.

The image generation unit 108 binarizes the filter paper color image Im1 and performs labeling processing on the binarized filter paper color image Im1 to generate the labeling image Im2. In the labeling image Im2, the region corresponding to the particle image 301 of the filter paper color image Im1 is extracted as the connected component 305. Therefore, each connected component corresponds to each particle image. The connected component of the labeling image Im2 is not color.

The image generation unit 108 generates the particle color image Im3 by extracting the particle image 301 from the filter paper color image Im1 with the connecting component 305 of the labeling image Im2 as the unmasked region. The particle color image Im3 is composed of a white region 307 as a background and a particle image 301 (color image). The background color differs depending on the type of dust fall. For example, when the dust fall is incineration ash caused by a waste incinerator, the background color is preferably green.

In addition to the RGB values, each pixel constituting one particle image is assigned the number of the connected component 305 assigned by the labeling process. An example will be described in which the particle color image Im3 includes three particle images 301 (first particle image, second particle image, and third particle image). Each pixel constituting the first particle image is assigned a number 1 indicating the first connected component 305 in addition to the RGB value. Each pixel constituting the second particle image is assigned a number 2 indicating the second connected component 305 in addition to the RGB value. Each pixel constituting the third particle image is assigned a number 3 indicating the third connected component 305 in addition to the RGB value.

A method for measuring dust fall according to the second embodiment will be described. FIG. 10 is a flowchart illustrating this. The process up to the process S26 shown in FIG. 6 is the same as that of the first embodiment.

With reference to FIGS. 8 and 10, the image generation unit 108 reads the filter paper color image Im1 from the storage unit 103, and generates the particle color image Im3 using the filter paper color image Im1 (S41). The setting unit 105 sets the index in the L * a * b * color space. The index may be any of the first example (FIG. 3), the second example (FIG. 4), and the third example (FIG. 5).

The conversion unit 104 selects one particle image 301 from all the particle images 301 included in the particle color image Im3, and calculates the average RGB value of the pixels constituting the particle image 301 (S42). For example, the particle image 301 is selected from the smallest number of the connected components 305 corresponding to the particle image 301.

The conversion unit 104 converts the average RGB value into an L * a * b * value (S43). This L * a * b * value is the average value of the L * a * b * values of one particle image 301. The setting unit 105 sets the index of the color coordinates (color coordinates Cp indicated by the pixel information of the discrimination unit) indicated by the average value of the L * a * b * values of one particle image 301. * b * Set to the color space (S44).

The first discrimination unit 106 is based on the color coordinates (color coordinates Cp indicated by the pixel information of the discrimination unit) and the index indicated by the average value of the L * a * b * values of one particle image 301. The type of dust fall indicated by the particle image 301 (discrimination unit) is discriminated (S45).

The conversion unit 104 determines whether or not the process S45 is completed for all the particle images 301 included in the particle color image Im3 (S46). When the conversion unit 104 determines that the processing S45 has not been completed for all the particle images 301 included in the particle color image Im3 (No in S46), the conversion unit 104 returns to the processing S42.

When the conversion unit 104 determines that the processing S45 is completed for all the particle images 301 included in the particle color image Im3 (Yes in S46), the measurement result generation unit 107 is determined by the first determination unit 106. The amount of dust fall is calculated by multiplying the number of pixels of dust fall and the amount per pixel for each type of dust fall, and a measurement result of dust fall indicating this is generated (S47).

Since the particle image 301 is the object of discrimination, the measurement result generation unit 107 may calculate the particle size for all the particle images 301 included in the particle color image Im3. explain in detail. The storage unit 103 stores in advance dimensional data indicating the actual dimensions per pixel. The measurement result generation unit 107 obtains the circumscribing rectangle of the particle image 301, multiplies the number of pixels in the vertical direction of the circumscribing rectangle by the dimensional data, multiplies the number of pixels in the horizontal direction of the circumscribing rectangle by the dimensional data, and calculates these values. Let it be the size of the particle. The measurement result generation unit 107 includes the particle size in the measurement result.

The control processing unit 10 causes the output unit 14 to output the measurement result of the dust fall generated in the processing S47.

The third embodiment will be described focusing on the differences from the first embodiment. When the fallen dust is collected, organic particles (pollen, carcasses of small insects, etc.) are collected together with the fallen dust. These are also held by the filter paper 201 together with the fallen dust. Especially in the pollen-rich season, the amount of pollen collected cannot be ignored. In the third embodiment, organic particles are excluded from the target of discrimination of dust fall.

FIG. 11 is a block diagram of the dust drop measuring device 1c used in the dust drop measuring method according to the third embodiment. FIG. 12 is a schematic view of the dust drop collector 200b used in the dust fall measurement method according to the third embodiment. With reference to FIGS. 11 and 12, the dust drop measuring device 1c further includes a photographing unit 15. The photographing unit 15 is installed above the photographing area R3 downstream of the photographing area R2. The distance from the photographing area R2 to the photographing area R3 is the same as the distance from the collecting area R1 to the photographing area R2. The filter paper 201 holding the falling dust in the collection area R1 is sent to the photographing area R2, the photographing unit 12 photographs the filter paper color image Im1, and then is sent from the photographing area R2 to the photographing area R3. , The photographing unit 15 photographs the ultraviolet irradiation image Im4.

The photographing unit 15 includes a visible light camera and an ultraviolet light source. The visible light camera photographs the filter paper 201 in the photographing region R3 while the ultraviolet light source irradiates the filter paper 201 in the photographing region R3 with ultraviolet rays (for example, ultraviolet rays having a wavelength of 375 nm). The image obtained by this photographing is the ultraviolet irradiation image Im4. When the filter paper 201 in the photographing area R3 is irradiated with ultraviolet rays, among the particles (pollen, dead small insects, etc.) held by the filter paper 201, organic substances (pollen, dead small insects) fluoresce. appear. Therefore, in the ultraviolet irradiation image Im4, the image of the organic matter (pollen, the dead body of a small insect) is projected brighter than the image of the falling dust.

The filter paper color image Im1 and the ultraviolet irradiation image Im4 are images taken with the same magnification, the same angle of view, and the same number of pixels (the number of pixels of the camera). The filter paper color image Im1 and the ultraviolet irradiation image Im4 have the same number of pixels. Therefore, in the filter paper color image Im1 and the ultraviolet irradiation image Im4, the pixels in the same order correspond to each other. For example, the first pixel of the filter paper color image Im1 corresponds to the first pixel of the ultraviolet irradiation image Im4, and the second pixel of the filter paper color image Im1 corresponds to the second pixel of the ultraviolet irradiation image Im4. There is.

An ultraviolet cut filter (for example, an optical filter that transmits a wavelength of 400 nm or more) may be attached to the visible light camera of the photographing unit 15. As a result, it is possible to prevent ultraviolet rays from the ultraviolet light source of the photographing unit 15 from entering the lens of the visible light camera, and the fluorescence photographing performance is improved.

The control processing unit 10 of the dust drop measuring device 1c further includes a fluorescence determination unit 109 as a functional block. The fluorescence determination unit 109 determines whether or not the pixels detect fluorescence for each pixel constituting the ultraviolet irradiation image Im4, based on the brightness of the pixels. For example, the fluorescence determination unit 109 determines that the pixel is detecting fluorescence when the brightness of the pixel is greater than a predetermined threshold value, and when the brightness of the pixel is equal to or less than the threshold value, the pixel emits fluorescence. Judge that it has not been detected. Pixels determined to detect fluorescence indicate organic matter (pollen, dead small insects, etc.). Pixels that are determined not to detect fluorescence indicate dust fall.

The method for measuring dust drop according to the third embodiment will be described. FIG. 13 is a flowchart illustrating the first half of this method. FIG. 14 is a flowchart illustrating the latter half of this method. With reference to FIGS. 11, 12 and 13, up to process S24 is the same as process S24 shown in FIG. 6, and up to process S12 is the same as process S12 shown in FIG.

The motor 207 stops the rotation of the rotation shaft 206 by receiving the rotation stop signal transmitted in the process S24. That is, the operation of feeding the filter paper 201 is completed (S51). As a result, the filter paper 201 of the photographing area R2 is sent to the photographing area R3, the filter paper 201 of the collecting area R1 is sent to the photographing area R2, and a new filter paper 201 is sent to the collecting area R1.

After the process S24, the photographing control unit 101 generates a photographing command signal. The IF unit 11 transmits a shooting command signal to the shooting unit 12 and the shooting unit 15 (S61). Upon receiving the photographing command signal, the photographing unit 12 photographs the filter paper color image Im1 and transmits the filter paper color image Im1 to the dust drop measuring device 1c (S52). Upon receiving the photographing command signal, the photographing unit 15 photographs the ultraviolet irradiation image Im4 and transmits the ultraviolet irradiation image Im4 to the dust drop measuring device 1c (S52). The filter paper color image Im1 and the ultraviolet irradiation image Im4 are input to the IF unit 11 and sent to the control processing unit 10 by the IF unit 11. The control processing unit 10 stores the filter paper color image Im1 and the ultraviolet irradiation image Im4 in the storage unit 103 (S62). The filter paper color image Im1 and the ultraviolet irradiation image Im4 (the filter paper color image Im1 and the ultraviolet irradiation image Im4 taken in the processing S52 this time) are not the same images of the filter paper 201. The filter paper color image Im1 taken by the previous process S52 and the ultraviolet irradiation image Im4 taken by the current process S52 are the same images of the filter paper 201.

With reference to FIGS. 11, 12 and 14, the conversion unit 104 transmits the filter paper color image Im1 captured in the previous process S52 and the ultraviolet irradiation image Im4 captured in the current process S52 from the storage unit 103. Read (S63). The conversion unit 104 converts RGB values into L * a * b * values for all the pixels of the read filter paper color image Im1 (S64). Each pixel constituting the filter paper color image Im1 is a discrimination unit.

The setting unit 105 reads the L * a * b * value of the nth pixel in the filter paper color image Im1 converted to the L * a * b * value in the process S64, and the fluorescence determination unit 109 reads it in the process S63. In the output ultraviolet irradiation image Im4, the brightness of the nth pixel is read out (S65). These nth pixels correspond. For example, when the setting unit 105 reads out the L * a * b * value of the first pixel of the filter paper color image Im1 converted into the L * a * b * value, the fluorescence determination unit 109 reads the ultraviolet irradiation image Im4. Read the brightness of the first pixel of. When the setting unit 105 reads out the L * a * b * value of the second pixel of the filter paper color image Im1 converted into the L * a * b * value, the fluorescence determination unit 109 reads 2 of the ultraviolet irradiation image Im4. Read the brightness of the second pixel. Process S65 is performed from n = 1.

The fluorescence determination unit 109 determines whether or not the nth pixel has detected fluorescence (S66). When the fluorescence determination unit 109 determines that the nth pixel is detecting fluorescence (Yes in S66), the setting unit 105 excludes the nth pixel from the discrimination target of the type of dust drop (S67). .. Then, the control processing unit 10 sets n + 1 to n and returns to the processing S65.

When the fluorescence determination unit 109 determines that the nth pixel does not detect fluorescence (No in S66), the setting unit 105 determines the nth pixel as a discrimination target of the type of dust fall (S68). .. A process for discriminating the type of dust fall is performed on the pixel determined to be the target for discriminating the type of dust fall (S69). That is, the setting unit 105 performs the process S28 shown in FIG. 7, and the first determination unit 106 performs the process S29 shown in FIG. 7. Here, one pixel is the nth pixel.

The setting unit 105 determines whether or not the process S29 is completed for all the pixels constituting the filter paper color image Im1 (S30). When the setting unit 105 determines that the processing S29 has not been completed for all the pixels constituting the filter paper color image Im1 (No in S30), the control processing unit 10 sets n + 1 to n and returns to the processing S65.

When the setting unit 105 determines that the process S29 is completed for all the pixels constituting the filter paper color image Im1 (Yes in S30), the process S31 is performed. The process S31 is the same as the process S31 of FIG.

In the third embodiment, each pixel constituting the filter paper color image Im1 is targeted for discrimination, but the particle image 301 described in the second embodiment may be targeted for discrimination. In this case, it is determined whether or not fluorescence is detected by using a representative value (for example, an average value) of the brightness of the pixels corresponding to the particle image 301 in the ultraviolet irradiation image Im4.

The fourth embodiment will be described focusing on the differences from the first embodiment. In the fourth embodiment, dust fall having a gloss like quiche graphite is measured. FIG. 15 is a block diagram of the dust drop measuring device 1d used in the dust drop measuring method according to the fourth embodiment. The dust drop measuring device 1d includes a photographing unit 16 instead of the photographing unit 12 (FIG. 1). With reference to FIG. 2, in the case of the fourth embodiment, the photographing unit 16 is arranged in the photographing area R2 instead of the photographing unit 12.

FIG. 16 is a schematic view showing the relationship between the photographing unit 16 according to the fourth embodiment and the filter paper color images Im1-1 to Im1-3 photographed by the photographing unit 16. The photographing unit 16 includes a visible light camera 161, a first illumination unit 162, a second illumination unit 163, and a third illumination unit 164. The first illumination unit 162 coaxially illuminates the photographing area R2. The second illumination unit 163 obliquely illuminates the photographing area R2 from the left side. The third illumination unit 164 illuminates the photographing area R2 obliquely from the right side. The visible light camera 161 captures the filter paper color image Im1-1 in a state where the first illumination unit 162 of the first illumination unit 162, the second illumination unit 163, and the third illumination unit 164 illuminates the photographing area R2. .. Next, the visible light camera 161 has a filter paper color image Im1-2 in a state where the second illumination unit 163 of the first illumination unit 162, the second illumination unit 163, and the third illumination unit 164 illuminates the photographing area R2. To shoot. Finally, the visible light camera 161 has a filter paper color image Im1-3 in a state where the third illumination unit 164 of the first illumination unit 162, the second illumination unit 163, and the third illumination unit 164 illuminates the photographing area R2. To shoot. The order of shooting is not limited to this, and may be any order.

Particle images 401a to 401e are captured in the filter paper color images Im1-1 to Im-3. These images shall be images of falling dust. In the glossy dust drop, the bright portion 403 may move, the bright portion 403 may be present, or the bright portion 403 may be absent, depending on the direction of illumination. On the other hand, non-glossy dust fall has the same overall brightness regardless of the direction of illumination. Therefore, the particle images 401a, 401b, 401e show glossy dust fall, and the particle images 401c, 401d show non-glossy dust fall.

With reference to FIG. 15, the control processing unit 10 of the dust drop measuring device 1d further includes an image generation unit 108, an image generation unit 110, and a second discrimination unit 111 as functional blocks.

The image generation unit 110 converts the RGB values of the pixels constituting the image into L * a * b * values for each of the filter paper color images Im1-1 to Im1-3. The filter paper color images Im1-1 to Im1-3 converted to L * a * b * values are hereinafter referred to as the converted filter paper color images Im1-1 to Im1-3. The image generation unit 110 generates a composite image Im5 based on the converted filter paper color images Im1-1 to Im1-3. FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram illustrating a method of generating a composite image Im5.

In the same pixel coordinates, the pixel having the largest L * value of the converted filter paper color images Im1-1 to Im1-3 is the pixel of the composite image Im5. For example, among the first pixels of the converted filter paper color image Im1-1 to Im1-3, the pixel having the largest L * value is regarded as the first pixel of the composite image Im5, and the converted filter paper color image Im1 Among the second pixels of -1 to Im1-3, the pixel having the largest L * value is regarded as the second pixel of the composite image Im5.

The image generation unit 110 generates a gloss extraction image Im7 based on the converted filter paper color images Im1-1 to Im1-3 and the composite image Im5. FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram illustrating a method of generating a gloss extraction image Im7.

The image generation unit 110 generates a subtracted image Im6-1 obtained by subtracting the converted filter paper color image Im1-1 from the composite image Im5. In the subtraction, the value obtained by subtracting the L * of the converted filter paper color image Im1-1 from the L * value of the composite image Im5 is set as the L * value of the subtracted image Im6-1 in the pixels having the same pixel coordinates. The value obtained by subtracting the a * of the screen color image Im1-1 after conversion from the a * value of the composite image Im5 is converted to the a * value of the subtracted image Im6-1, and after conversion from the b * value of the composite image Im5. The value obtained by subtracting the b * of the filter paper color image Im1-1 is set to the b * value of the subtracted image Im6-1.

Similarly, the image generation unit 110 generates a subtracted image Im6-2 obtained by subtracting the converted filter paper color image Im1-2 from the composite image Im5, and from the composite image Im5, the converted filter paper color image Im1-3. Is subtracted to generate a subtracted image Im6-3.

The image generation unit 110 generates a gloss extraction image Im7 based on the subtraction images Im6-1 to Im6-3. The method of generating the gloss extraction image Im7 is the same as that of the composite image Im5. When L * exceeds a predetermined threshold value in each pixel constituting the bright portion 403 shown in the gloss extraction image Im7, it is determined that the pixel exhibits gloss.

With reference to FIG. 15, the image generation unit 108 is the image generation unit 108 shown in FIG. 8 and generates a particle color image Im8 (not shown) based on the filter paper color image Im1-1. The method of generating the particle color image Im8 is the same as that of the particle color image Im3 (FIG. 9).

The second discriminating unit 111 determines whether or not the particle image is quiche graphite in the particle image included in the particle color image Im8, which is determined to be coke-based dust falling by the first discriminating unit 106. .. The gloss extraction image Im7 is used for this determination. If the representative value (for example, the average value) of the L * values of the pixels corresponding to the particle image exceeds a predetermined threshold value in the gloss extraction image Im7, the second discrimination unit 111 determines the particle image. The coke-based dust fall shown in is determined to be kish graphite, and if the representative value is equal to or less than the threshold value, the coke-based dust fall shown in this particle image is determined to be coke.

In this way, the second discrimination unit 111 determines whether or not the discrimination unit (particle image) has different brightness depending on the shooting direction based on the plurality of color images (filter paper color images Im1-1 to Im1-3). If it is determined that the brightness is different, it is determined that the dust fall indicated by the discrimination unit is of a glossy type.

The dust drop measurement method according to the fourth embodiment will be described. FIG. 19 is a flowchart illustrating the first half of this method. FIG. 20 is a flowchart illustrating the latter half of this method. With reference to FIGS. 15 and 19, up to process S25 is the same as process S25 shown in FIG. 6, and up to process S13 is the same as process S13 shown in FIG.

When the photographing unit 16 receives the photographing command signal transmitted in the process S25, it photographs the filter paper color images Im1-1 to Im-3 and transfers the filter paper color images Im1-1 to Im-3 to the dust drop device 1d. Transmit (S71). The filter paper color images Im1-1 to Im-3 are input to the IF unit 11 and sent to the control processing unit 10 by the IF unit 11. The control processing unit 10 stores the filter paper color images Im1-1 to Im-3 in the storage unit 103 (S81).

With reference to FIGS. 15 and 20, the image generation unit 110 generates a gloss extraction image Im7 based on the filter paper color images Im1-1 to Im-3 stored in the storage unit 103 (S82). The image generation unit 108 generates a particle color image Im8 (not shown) based on the filter paper color image Im1-1 (S83).

Processes S42 to S45 are the same as processes S42 to S45 shown in FIG.

The second discrimination unit 111 determines whether or not the type of dust fall shown by one particle image discriminated in the process S45 is coke-based dust fall (S83). When the second discriminating unit 111 determines that the type of dust fall shown in the particle image is not coke-based dust fall (No in S83), the process S46 is performed. Process S46 and process S47 are the same as process S46 and process S47 shown in FIG.

When the second discriminating unit 111 determines that the type of dust falling that the particle image shows is coke-based dust (Yes in S83), the second discriminating unit 111 determines whether the dust falling that the particle image shows is quiche graphite. Whether or not it is determined (S84). explain in detail. The second discrimination unit 111 determines whether or not the representative value (for example, the average value) of the pixels corresponding to the particle image exceeds a predetermined threshold value with reference to the gloss extraction image Im7 shown in FIG. To do. When the second discriminating unit 111 determines that the representative value exceeds the threshold value, the second discriminant unit 111 discriminates that the dust fall indicated by the particle image is quiche graphite. On the other hand, when the second discriminating unit 111 determines that the representative value is equal to or less than the threshold value, the second discriminating unit 111 discriminates that the dust fall indicated by the particle image is coke.

After the process S84, the process S46 is performed.

In the fourth embodiment, the discrimination unit is a particle image (image of dust falling), but as in the first embodiment, each pixel constituting the filter paper color image Im1-1 may be a discrimination unit. Further, the fourth embodiment and the third embodiment may be combined.

In the embodiment, the measurement of the dust drop caused by the steel mill has been described, but the dust drop to which the present invention is applicable is not limited to this. For example, it can be applied to the measurement of dust fall caused by a waste incinerator.

1a, 1b, 1c, 1d Dust drop measuring device 161 Visible light camera 162 1st lighting unit 163 2nd lighting unit 164 3rd lighting unit 200a, 200b Filter paper 202 Rotating shaft 203 Rotating roller 204 Funnel 205 Rotation Roller 206 Rotation axis 207 Motor 208 Length meter 209 Housing 301 Particle image 303 Background 305 Connecting component 307 White area 401a to 401e Particle image 403 Bright part R1 Collection area R2, R3 Shooting area Im1 Filter paper color image (holds dust drop) Color image of filter paper)
Im2 Labeling image Im3 Particle color image Im4 Ultraviolet irradiation image Im5 Composite image Im6-1 to Im6-3 Subtracted image Im7 Gloss extraction image Im8 Particle color image Cp Color coordinates indicated by pixel information of discrimination unit Rc Coke color region (index)
Ri iron-based color region (index)
Cc coke system center of gravity coordinates (index)
Ci Iron system center of gravity coordinates (index)
F1 discrimination function (index)
F2 discrimination function (index)

Claims (9)

A holding step for holding the collected dust by a holding member installed at the collection site of the falling dust, and a holding step.
The first shooting step of taking a color image of the holding member holding the falling dust, and
A conversion step of converting the RGB value of the discrimination unit included in the color image, which is a unit for discriminating the type of dust fall, into pixel information in a color space defined by brightness and chromaticity.
An index prepared in advance for determining the type of dust fall, a setting step for setting the color coordinates indicated by the pixel information in the color space, and
A method for measuring dust fall, which comprises a first discriminating step of discriminating the type of dust fall indicated by the discriminant unit based on the index set in the color space and the color coordinates. The method for measuring dust fall according to claim 1, wherein the color space is an L * a * b * color space. In the setting step, a plurality of the indicators are set for each type of dust fall.
The plurality of indicators are determined based on a plurality of color regions provided for each type of the falling soot and dust, which indicate the color range of the falling soot and dust.
In the first determination step, the distance between the index and the color coordinates indicated by the pixel information is calculated for each of the plurality of indicators, and the type of dust fall indicated by the determination unit is determined by the distance being one. The method for measuring dust fall according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the dust falls corresponding to the shortest index. In the setting step, as the index, an identification function for discriminating the type of dust fall is set in the color space.
In the first determination step, when it is determined that the color coordinates indicated by the pixel information are located on one side with respect to the boundary defined by the identification function, the type of dust fall indicated by the determination unit. Is determined to be the descent dust corresponding to the one side, and when it is determined to be located on the other side, the type of the descent dust indicated by the discrimination unit is determined to be the descent dust corresponding to the other side. Item 4. The method for measuring dust drop according to Item 1 or 2. Before the first determination step, further
A second photographing step of taking an image of the holding member in a state where the holding member holding the dust drop is irradiated with ultraviolet light from an ultraviolet light source, and
In the image captured in the second imaging step, it is determined whether or not the portion corresponding to the discrimination unit exhibits fluorescence, and if it is determined that the discrimination unit exhibits fluorescence, the discrimination unit is used as the dust drop. The method for measuring dust drop according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising an exclusion step of excluding from the type of discrimination target. In the first shooting step, the color image is shot from a plurality of shooting directions.
The method for measuring dust drop is further described.
Based on the plurality of the color images, it is determined whether or not the discrimination unit has different brightness depending on the shooting direction, and when it is determined that the brightness is different, the falling dust indicated by the discrimination unit is determined. The method for measuring dust fall according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising a second determination step for determining the type having gloss. After the first determination step, further
The method for measuring dust fall according to any one of claims 1 to 6, further comprising a calculation step for calculating the amount of dust fall for each type of dust fall captured in the color image. .. The method for measuring dust drop according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the type of dust drop includes coke-based dust drop, iron-based dust drop, and lime-based dust drop. A holding member installed at the collection site for the collected dust and holding the collected dust,
An imaging unit that captures a color image of the holding member that holds the dust drop, and
A conversion unit that converts the RGB value of the discrimination unit included in the color image, which is a unit for discriminating the type of dust fall, into pixel information in a color space defined by brightness and chromaticity.
An index prepared in advance for determining the type of dust fall, a setting unit for setting the color coordinates indicated by the pixel information in the color space, and a setting unit.
A dust fall measurement system including a first discriminating unit that discriminates the type of dust fall that the discriminating unit indicates based on the index set in the color space and the color coordinates.

Images