JP2021014979A - Window opening/closing mechanism and vehicle using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

To ensure superior shock resistance and weather resistance and obtain an easy operativity while improving visibility of the outside of a vehicle.SOLUTION: A window opening/closing mechanism 50 according to the invention opens/closes an opening 23 on an exterior surface of a vehicle body with a window, the window opening/closing mechanism having: an opening/closing operation member for rotating the window between a closed position situated outside of the opening of the vehicle and an opened position to retract from outside of the opening of the vehicle; and a shaft feed operation member fixed to the shaft feed member inside of the vehicle for moving a rotation shaft and the window to which the rotation shaft is fixed in a shaft direction of the rotation shaft between a first position for allowing pressure-welding of a seal material arranged at the surface opposite to the exterior surface of the vehicle of the window and along an outer peripheral rim of the window and deforming the seal material and a second position for releasing the pressure-welding of the seal member to the vehicle when the shaft feed member is rotated in forward/reverse direction.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

The present invention relates to a window opening / closing mechanism for opening / closing an opening of a vehicle body by a window arranged on the vehicle body, and a vehicle.

Among vehicles used in a special environment (hereinafter referred to as a special vehicle), there is a vehicle that requires performance to withstand an external impact (hereinafter, impact resistance). In particular, in the case of a special vehicle that can withstand an extremely strong impact such as a blast, particularly excellent impact resistance is required. Impact resistance is achieved, for example, by increasing the strength of the entire vehicle or by increasing the strength of the parts that make up the vehicle. However, increasing the strength of the entire vehicle or the strength of the parts constituting the vehicle increases the size of the vehicle and also increases the weight of the vehicle. An increase in the size of a vehicle or an increase in the weight of a vehicle causes a problem that the operability of the entire vehicle or a moving part of the vehicle is significantly deteriorated. As an example, if a door or window that is frequently operated is enlarged in consideration of impact resistance, or if the weight of the door or window is increased, the burden of operating the door or window increases. Therefore, in special vehicles, it is common to reduce the size of windows that can be opened and closed, or to make windows that cannot be opened and closed.

As a method of miniaturizing a window that can be opened and closed, for example, a bulletproof glass having a fixed bulletproof glass portion fixed to the front side of the upper part of the side door and a movable bulletproof glass part that can be opened and closed on the rear side of the upper part of the side door. A glass structure has been proposed (see Patent Document 1). In addition to this, the steering wheel has a steering wheel located inside the vehicle, an urging means for urging the steering wheel inside the vehicle, and a closing plate arranged outside the outer panel of the vehicle and fixed to the steering wheel. Is pressed and rotated to the outside of the vehicle against the urging of the urging means, so that the window provided in the vehicle is rotated between the closed state in which the window is closed by the closing plate and the open state in which the window is opened. A structural window opening / closing mechanism has been proposed (see Patent Document 2). Patent Document 2 has a structure in which the window can be opened and closed only by pressing the steering wheel to the outside of the vehicle and rotating it, so that the operability can be improved.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 10-217764 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 11-23193

However, in the case of the bulletproof glass structure disclosed in Patent Document 1, since the area of the movable bulletproof glass portion is set to about half or less of the area of the fixed bulletproof glass portion, the opening portion when the window is opened The area is small and the visibility outside the vehicle is poor. Further, since the movable bulletproof glass portion is configured to be opened and closed by sliding, the airtightness between the movable bulletproof glass portion and the door is low, and the impact resistance and weather resistance are also poor.

On the other hand, in Patent Document 2, an annular seal is fixed and arranged on the peripheral edge of the window on the outer surface of the vehicle outer plate on the vehicle outer side, and when the window is closed by the closing plate, the closing plate presses the seal. As a result, it is possible to improve the airtightness and weather resistance between the closing plate and the vehicle outer plate. On the other hand, since the window disclosed in Patent Document 2 is provided for inserting the tip end portion of the launching device, the visibility of the outside of the vehicle in the open window is poor.

Further, in the case of a window that cannot be opened and closed, there is a problem that visibility outside the vehicle is poor, as in Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2. Therefore, it is conceivable to improve the visibility of the outside of the vehicle by installing a spherical window, but this goes against the recent miniaturization of the vehicle.

The present invention has been made in order to meet such problems, so that it is possible to secure excellent impact resistance and weather resistance while improving visibility to the outside of the vehicle, and to obtain easy operability. It is to provide the technology that has been made.

The present invention has been invented to solve the above problems, and the window opening / closing mechanism of the present invention is a window opening / closing mechanism that opens / closes an opening of a vehicle body by a window arranged on the vehicle body at one end in the axial direction. A rotary shaft having a male screw portion in a part of the axial direction while fixing the side to the window, a shaft feed member having a female screw portion screwed into the male screw portion of the rotary shaft, and the rotary shaft. A bearing that supports the shaft feed member, in which the female threaded portion is screwed into the male threaded portion of the rotating shaft, with the window on which the rotating shaft is fixed located outside the vehicle body. A member, a regulating member fixed to the bearing member and restricting the axial movement of the shaft feed member when the shaft feed member is rotated and pivotally supported by the bearing member, and a rotating shaft inside the vehicle body. An opening and closing that rotates the window between a closed position that is fixed to the other end side in the axial direction and is located outside the opening of the vehicle body and an opening position that retracts from the outside of the opening of the vehicle body. When the operating member and the shaft feed member are fixed to the shaft feed member inside the vehicle body and the shaft feed member is rotated in the forward and reverse directions, the surface of the window facing the outer surface of the vehicle body and the outer peripheral edge of the window. The rotating shaft and the said, between the first position where the sealing material arranged along the line is pressed against the outer surface of the vehicle body to deform it, and the second position where the sealing material is released from the pressure contact with the vehicle. It is characterized by including an axis feed operation member for moving the window on which the rotation axis is fixed in the axial direction of the rotation axis.

Further, it is characterized by having an auxiliary means which is arranged so as to straddle between the opening / closing operation member and the inner surface of the vehicle body and assists the opening / closing operation of the window accompanying the operation of the opening / closing operation member.

Further, the shaft feed member is characterized in that when the rotation shaft is rotated in the forward and reverse directions by the opening / closing operation member, the shaft feed member rotates together with the rotation shaft in the same direction as the rotation direction of the rotation shaft.

Here, when the window is rotated from the closed position to the open position, the window is brought into contact with the first contact member provided on the outer surface of the vehicle body and is rotated from the open position to the closed position. It is preferable that when the vehicle is moved, it is provided on the outer surface of the vehicle body and is brought into contact with a second contact member different from the first contact member.

Further, the outer surface of the vehicle body is further provided with a window safety member at the edge of the movement locus of the window on the side opposite to the rotation axis with the opening in between.

In this case, it is preferable that the window safety member absorbs the impact by contacting the side surfaces of the window when the window rotates from the closed position to the open position.

Further, when the window is in the first position, the window moves between the first position and the second position at at least one position different from the position where the rotation axis is pivotally supported. It is characterized in that the movement to the second position is restricted by the fixing means located on the movement locus of the window.

In this case, it is preferable that the fixing means is retracted from the moving locus of the window by operating the releasing operating means provided inside the vehicle body.

It is preferable that the window has a window frame for fixing one end side of the rotating shaft and glass fixed in the window frame.

Further, the opening has a size capable of projecting the head to the outside of the vehicle body while a person riding on the vehicle body is seated, and the person can turn his / her neck to visually recognize the rear of the vehicle body. It is characterized by being set to the head.

Further, the vehicle body is preferably a door that opens and closes when the vehicle is moved up and down.

Further, the vehicle of the present invention is characterized by including a vehicle body, a window for opening and closing an opening of the vehicle body, and the window opening / closing mechanism described above.

According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a technique for improving visibility to the outside of a vehicle, ensuring excellent impact resistance and weather resistance, and obtaining easy operability. Become.

It is the schematic which shows an example of the outline of the vehicle of one Embodiment. FIG. 2A is a perspective view of the side door in a state where the opening of the door body is closed as seen from the outside of the cabin, and FIG. 2B is a side view in the state where the opening of the door body is open. It is a perspective view of the door seen from the outside of the cabin. FIG. 3A is a perspective view of the side door with the opening of the door body closed as seen from the inside of the cabin, and FIG. 3B is the side door with the opening of the door body open. Is a perspective view seen from the inside of the cabin. It is a perspective view which shows the window opening and closing mechanism disassembled. It is sectional drawing of the window opening / closing mechanism when the opening / closing window is in a release position. (A) is an explanatory view showing a configuration in the vicinity of the latch, and (b) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in (a). It is a schematic view of the side door in a state where the opening of the door body is closed, as seen from the inside of the cabin. It is sectional drawing of the window opening / closing mechanism when the opening / closing window is in a pressure welding position. It is the schematic which looked at the side door when the latch was rotated to the release position from the inside of the cabin. It is a schematic view of the side door when the opening / closing window is in the release position as seen from the inside of the cabin. It is a schematic view of the side door when the opening / closing window is in the open position as seen from the inside of the cabin. It is the schematic which looked at the side door with the opening of a door body open from the inside of a cabin. (A) is a diagram showing a state in which a person protrudes his head from the opening of the door body to the outside of the cabin, and (b) is a diagram showing a state in which the head protruding from the opening of the door body to the outside of the cabin is turned. Is. It is sectional drawing explaining the crushing allowance of a sealing material. It is explanatory drawing which shows the position when water is discharged from the position away from the outer surface of a side door. It is a figure explaining the verification method of the operating force at the time of operating an opening / closing lever. It is a graph which shows the relationship between the length of a lever and the operating force. FIG. 18A is a perspective view of a side door in a state where the opening of the door body in another embodiment is closed, as viewed from the outside of the cabin, and FIG. 18B is a door body in another embodiment. It is a perspective view of the side door in the state where the opening of is open as seen from the outside of the cabin. It is sectional drawing of the window safety member in another embodiment. In another embodiment, it is a side view of a side door viewed from the outside of the cabin when the opening / closing window and the window safety member are in contact positions while the opening of the door body is being opened. It is sectional drawing of the vicinity of the window safety member in the state of FIG.

<One Embodiment>
Hereinafter, one embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. As shown in FIG. 1, the vehicle 10 includes a cabin 15 arranged at the upper part of the front end of the chassis (not shown) and a gantry 16 arranged behind the cabin 15. The gantry 16 is loaded with equipment (framework) suitable for the purpose of use of the vehicle 10. Side doors 17 are provided on both side surfaces of the cabin 15. The side door 17 is opened and closed when entering or exiting the cabin 15. Since it is assumed that the position of the side door 17 with respect to the cabin 15 is shown in FIG. 1, the description of the door handle and the like is omitted.

In the present embodiment, the window opening / closing mechanism of the opening / closing window for switching between the closed state and the open state of the opening provided in the door body of the side door is described as an example. However, it is not necessary to limit the opening to the opening provided in the side door, and the window opening / closing mechanism of the present invention is applied to the opening / closing window for switching between the closed state and the open state of the opening provided in the vehicle body of a ship, an aircraft, or the like. It can also be used. In the case of a vehicle, it is not necessary to limit the door to a side door, and the door may be used for a door provided at the rear of the vehicle or an opening provided at a frame of the vehicle.

Hereinafter, the configuration of the side door 17 arranged on the left side of the cabin 15 will be described, but the configuration of the side door arranged on the right side of the cabin is also the same. Further, in the following, the surface facing the outside of the vehicle is referred to as an outer surface, and the surface facing the inside of the vehicle is referred to as an inner surface.

FIG. 2A is a perspective view of the side door with the opening / closing window closed from the outside of the cabin, and FIG. 2B is a perspective view of the side door with the opening / closing window open from the outside of the cabin. is there. Further, FIG. 3A is a perspective view of the side door with the opening / closing window closed from the inside of the cabin, and FIG. 3B is a perspective view of the side door with the opening / closing window opened from the inside of the cabin. It is a figure.

Although the details will be described later, the state in which the opening 23 of the door body 21 is closed means that the sealing material 40 provided on the inner surface of the opening / closing window 22 is pressed against the door body 21 to form the opening / closing window 22 and the door body 21. Indicates a state in which confidentiality is maintained. Further, in the state where the opening 23 of the door body 21 is opened, the opening / closing window 22 is at an opening position not located outside the opening 23 of the door body 21, and the sealing material 40 provided on the inner surface of the opening / closing window 22 is provided. It is pressed against the door body 21.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the side door 17 has a door plate (hereinafter, referred to as a door body) 21 and an opening / closing window 22. The material of the door body 21 is a high-strength metal such as steel, aluminum alloy, magnesium alloy, and titanium. The door body 21 has an opening 23. The size of the opening 23 is such that a person sitting inside the cabin 15 can check the rear of the vehicle 10 by putting his head out of the cabin 15 from the inside of the cabin 15 and turning his neck. As an example, the size of the opening 23 is set to be 250 mm or more in length and 350 mm or more in width. At this time, the width of the side door 17 is 1000 mm.

The door body 21 has two latches (corresponding to the fixing means according to claim) 25 at the upper edge of the opening 23 on the outer surface. The latch 25 constitutes a lock mechanism 90 together with a lock lever 93 described later. The structure of the lock mechanism 90 will be described later. The material of the latch 25 is a high-strength metal such as steel, aluminum alloy, magnesium alloy, or titanium, or a high-strength synthetic resin such as polyacetal or polycarbonate. The latch 25 is located on the movement locus of the window frame 31 in the direction by the rotation operation of the lock lever 93 described later, and has a locking position for pressing the window frame 31 against the door body 21 and a window frame in the direction of the window frame 31. It rotates between the unlocking position and the unlocking position.

Further, a stopper (corresponding to the first contact member according to claim) 26 for restricting the rotation of the opening / closing window 22 is provided at the upper end of the outer surface of the door body 21. When the opening / closing window 22 at the opening position is rotated to the closing position, the stopper 26 is brought into contact with the upper edge portion of the window frame 31 at the closing position, and the opening / closing window 22 further rotates from the closing position. To prevent that. Further, a stopper (corresponding to the second contact member according to claim) 27 is provided at the lower end of the outer surface of the door body 21. When the opening / closing window 22 in the closed position is rotated to the opening position, the stopper 27 comes into contact with the lower left edge of the window frame 31 in the opening position, and the opening / closing window 22 further rotates from the opening position. To prevent that. The closing position is the position of the opening / closing window 22 when the opening / closing window 22 is located outside the opening 23 provided in the door body 21 and the opening / closing window 22 covers the opening 23. The opening position is the position of the opening / closing window 22 when the opening / closing window 22 retracts from the outside of the opening 23 provided in the door body 21 to expose the opening 23 to the outside.

The opening / closing window 22 is rotatably provided on the door body 21. The opening / closing window 22 rotates between the above-mentioned closing position and the opening position by operating the opening / closing lever 55 constituting the window opening / closing mechanism 50 described later. When the opening / closing window 22 is in the closed position, the opening / closing window 22 is arranged along the outer peripheral edge of the surface facing the outer surface of the door body 21 of the opening / closing window 22 by operating the shaft feed lever 56 constituting the window opening / closing mechanism 50 described later. By pressing the sealing material 40 (see FIG. 4 or 5) against the outer surface of the door body 21 to deform the sealing material 40, the outer peripheral edge of the opening / closing window and the peripheral edge of the opening 23 of the door body 21 are sealed. It moves between the pressure contact position for maintaining the property and the release position for releasing the deformation of the sealing material 40 due to pressure contact with the door body 21. The crushing allowance in the pressure welding of the sealing material 40 to the door body 21 is preferably 2 mm or more, for example.

The opening / closing window 22 includes a window frame 31 and a glass 32. The material of the window frame 31 is a strong metal such as steel, aluminum alloy, magnesium alloy, and titanium. The material of the glass 32 is tempered glass or a transparent synthetic resin having high impact resistance such as polycarbonate and acrylic.

A glass 32 is attached to the inner peripheral surface of the window frame 31 via an annular molding 33. The molding 33 has a function of buffering the impact applied to the glass 32. The material of the molding 33 is a rubber having high environmental resistance, or a synthetic resin such as chlorobrene rubber, butyl rubber, ethylene propylene rubber, and soft vinyl chloride. Although the opening / closing window 22 is composed of the window frame 31 and the glass 32, the opening / closing window may be made of only glass.

As shown in FIG. 4 or 5, the window frame 31 has a groove 35 along the outer peripheral edge on the surface facing the door body 21. The groove 35 is fixed in a state where a part of the annular sealing material 40 is inserted. The sealing material 40 is deformed by being pressed against the outer surface of the door body 21 by moving the opening / closing window 22 to the pressure contact position. The sealing material 40 is pressed against the door body 21 and compressed to maintain the airtightness between the opening / closing window 22 and the door body 21, and at the same time, cushion the impact applied to the window frame 31. The material of the sealing material 40 is, for example, a rubber having high environmental resistance, or a synthetic resin such as chlorobrene rubber, butyl rubber, ethylene propylene rubber, or soft vinyl chloride, similar to the material of the molding 33. The crushing allowance when the sealing material 40 is pressed against the door body 21 is preferably 2 mm or more, for example. The crushing allowance is, for example, the amount when the sealing material 40 is compressed (in other words, the difference between the total length of the sealing material in the original state and the total length of the sealing material when compressed).

Returning to FIG. 3, the door body 21 has an opening / closing lever 55 forming a window opening / closing mechanism 50, a shaft feed lever 56, a gas spring 57, and a lock lever 93 forming a lock mechanism 90 on the inner surface side.

As shown in FIG. 4 or 5, the window opening / closing mechanism 50 includes a rotating shaft 51, a feed screw (corresponding to the shaft feed member according to claim) 52, and a boss (corresponding to the bearing member according to claim) 53. Pin (corresponding to the regulating member according to claim) 54, opening / closing lever (corresponding to the opening / closing operating member according to claim) 55, shaft feed lever (corresponding to the shaft feed operating member according to claim) 56, gas spring (Equivalent to the auxiliary means described in the claims) 57, including two fixing plates 58, 59 and the like.

The rotating shaft 51 is fixed to a fixing plate 59 fixed to the outer surface of the window frame 31 of the opening / closing window 22 on one end side in the axial direction (x direction in FIG. 4) by welding or the like. Further, the opening / closing lever 55 is fixed to the other end side in the axial direction. The material of the rotating shaft 51 is, for example, a metal such as steel, a copper alloy, an aluminum alloy, a magnesium alloy, or titanium, or a synthetic resin having high strength such as polyacetal or polycarbonate. The rotary shaft 51 includes an insertion portion 51a, an insertion portion 51b, a male screw portion 51c, a shaft portion 51d, and a fixing portion 51e from the end portion where the opening / closing lever 55 is fixed toward the end portion fixed to the fixing plate 59. ..

The insertion portion 51a is inserted into the opening 55d provided in the rotating portion 55a of the opening / closing lever 55. The insertion portion 51a has a substantially square cross-sectional shape in the axial direction. The area of the cross section (yz plane) orthogonal to the axial direction in the insertion portion 51a is set smaller than the area of the cross section orthogonal to the axial direction in the insertion portion 51b.

The insertion portion 51b is inserted into the insertion hole 56d provided in the rotating portion 56a of the shaft feed lever 56. The male screw portion 51c is screwed into the female screw portion 52c provided on the inner peripheral surface of the screw body 52a and the flange portion 52b of the lead screw 52. The shaft portion 51d has an outer diameter larger than the outer diameter of the insertion portion 51b and the screw diameter of the male screw portion. The shaft portion 51d is pivotally supported by the boss 53 via the bush 75, and thus functions as a rotation shaft of the opening / closing window 22. The fixing portion 51e is fixed to the fixing plate 59 by welding or the like in a state of being inserted into the insertion hole 59a of the fixing plate 59.

The lead screw 52 has a screw body 52a and a flange portion 52b provided on one end side of the screw body 52a. The material of the lead screw 52 is, for example, a metal such as steel, copper alloy, aluminum alloy, magnesium alloy, or titanium, or a synthetic resin having high strength such as polyacetal or polycarbonate.

The inner peripheral surface straddling the screw body 52a and the flange portion 52b has a female screw portion 52c. The female threaded portion 52c is screwed into the male threaded portion 51c of the rotating shaft 51. The screw body 52a has a cylindrical shape and has a groove portion 52d on the outer peripheral surface over the entire circumference. The tip of the pin 54 fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the boss 53 is inserted into the groove 52d. The flange portion 52b fixes the rotating portion of the shaft feed lever 56 with a bolt 65 or the like. Reference numeral 52e is a screw hole into which the bolt 65 is screwed.

Here, the amount of movement (axial feed amount) in the axial direction of the rotary shaft 51 that moves with the rotation of the feed screw 52 is, for example, the rotation amount of the shaft feed lever 56 (rotation amount of the feed screw 52) and the feed screw. It is determined by the lead of the female threaded portion 52c of 52 (the same as the lead of the male threaded portion 51c of the rotating shaft 51). For example, if the shaft feed amount is 6 mm and the lead is 1 mm, the rotation amount of the shaft feed lever 56 is 6 rotations. Further, if the lead is 3 mm, the rotation amount of the shaft feed lever 56 is 2 rotations. Further, if the lead is 18 mm, the rotation amount of the shaft feed lever 56 is 1/3 rotation.

The boss 53 is fixed by welding or the like while being inserted into the opening 68a of the fixing plate 68. The fixing plate 68 is fixed to the door body 21 with bolts 69 or the like. Reference numeral 68b is an insertion hole through which the bolt 69 is inserted, and reference numeral 70 is a screw hole provided in the door body 21 into which the bolt 69 is screwed. When the fixing plate 68 is fixed to the door body 21, the boss 53 is held in a state of being inserted into the insertion hole 71 provided in the door body 21 and the insertion hole 31a of the window frame 31 of the opening / closing window 22. The material of the boss 53 is a metal such as steel, copper alloy, aluminum alloy, magnesium alloy, or titanium, or a synthetic resin having high strength such as polyacetal or polycarbonate.

The boss 53 has a cylindrical shape, and the inner peripheral surface of the boss 53 on one end side in the axial direction is set to be larger than the inner diameter with respect to the inner peripheral surface on the other end side. Hereinafter, among the inner peripheral surfaces, the space having the inner peripheral surface having a large inner diameter is referred to as a large diameter portion 53a, and the space having an inner peripheral surface having a small inner diameter is referred to as a small diameter portion 53b. Bush 75s and 76 having an outer diameter matching the inner diameter of each portion are inserted into the large diameter portion 53a and the small diameter portion 53b, respectively. Here, the boss 53 has screw holes 77 into which pins 54 are inserted at regular angular intervals on the outer peripheral surface on one end side where the large diameter portion 53a is provided. The bush 75 is divided into a bush 75a and a bush 75b, and is wider than the diameter of the screw hole 77 so as not to interfere with the screw hole 77 of the boss 53 after the bush 75a is inserted deep into the large diameter portion 53a of the boss 53. A bush 75b is inserted with a gap 75c (see FIG. 5). A pin 54 inserted through a screw hole 77 of the boss 53 is inserted into the gap 75c.

Although the bush 75 has two parts, the bush 75a and the bush 75b, it may be one part, for example. In this case, through holes corresponding to the screw holes 77 provided in the boss 53 are provided on the outer peripheral surface of the bush at regular angular intervals, and when the pins 54 are screwed into the screw holes 77 of the boss 53, the tips of the pins 54 are penetrated. Insert it through the hole. Even with this configuration, the feed screw 52 can be rotated without moving in the axial direction of the feed screw 52. Here, the screw holes 77 provided in the boss 53 and the through holes provided in the outer peripheral surface of the bush 76 are provided at four locations at 90 ° intervals.

Of the bushes 75 and 76 described above, the bush 75 inserted into the large diameter portion 53a inserts the screw body 52a of the feed screw 52. Further, the bush 76 inserted into the small diameter portion 53b inserts the shaft portion 51d of the rotating shaft 51. Here, the bush 75 is housed in the large diameter portion 53a of the boss 53, and the bush 76 is housed in the small diameter portion 53b of the boss 53. Therefore, the rotary shaft 51 and the feed screw 52 are pivotally supported by the boss 53 in a state where the female screw portion 52c of the feed screw 52 is screwed into the male screw portion 51c of the rotary shaft 51. The bushes 75 and 76 are oil-free bushes having excellent circumferential and lubricity properties.

The pin 54 is fixed in a state of being inserted into a screw hole 77 provided on the outer peripheral surface of the boss 53. In this state, the pin 54 is inserted into the gap 75c of the bush 75 housed in the large diameter portion 53a of the boss 53. Further, the tip portion of the pin 54 is inserted into the groove portion 52d provided on the outer peripheral surface of the screw body 52a of the feed screw 52. As a result, the pin 54 prevents the position of the feed screw 52 from changing relative to the boss 53, in other words, the feed screw 52 from moving in the axial direction. The material of the pin 54 is, for example, a metal such as steel, copper alloy, aluminum alloy, magnesium alloy, or titanium, or a synthetic resin having high strength such as polyacetal or polycarbonate.

The opening / closing lever 55 is operated when the opening / closing window 22 is rotated between the closed position and the open position. Here, the material of the opening / closing lever 55 is a metal such as steel, copper alloy, aluminum alloy, magnesium alloy, or titanium, or a synthetic resin having high strength such as polyacetal or polycarbonate.

The opening / closing lever 55 includes a rotating portion 55a, an operating portion 55b, and a connecting portion 55c. The rotating portion 55a has an opening 55d along the axial direction. The opening 55d has a substantially square cross section orthogonal to the axial direction. The opening 55d inserts an insertion portion 51a provided at one end of the rotating shaft 51. The opening / closing lever 55 is fixed by a bolt 81 or the like in a state where the insertion portion 51a of the rotating shaft 51 is inserted into the opening 55d and the disc 80 for preventing disconnection is brought into contact with the insertion portion 51a.

The operating portion 55b and the connecting portion 55c are provided in a state of projecting from the outer peripheral surface of the rotating portion 55a in the radial direction. Here, the operating portion 55b and the connecting portion 55c are provided at a predetermined angle. The predetermined angle is appropriately set based on the structure of the window opening / closing mechanism 50, the structure of the side door 17, and the like. The operation unit 55b is gripped when the opening / closing window 22 is rotated between the closed position and the open position. Here, the length of the operating portion 55b is set to a length at which the operating force of the opening / closing lever 55 is equal to or less than the ergonomic allowable value (133N). As an example, the length of the operation unit 55b is 200 mm. The connecting portion 55c is rotatably connected to the rod 57a of the gas spring 57.

The shaft feed lever 56 is operated when the opening / closing window 22 is moved between the release position and the pressure contact position. Here, the material of the shaft feed lever 56 is a metal such as steel, copper alloy, aluminum alloy, magnesium alloy, titanium, or a synthetic resin having high strength such as polyacetal or polycarbonate.

The shaft feed lever 56 has a rotating portion 56a and an operating portion 56b. The rotating portion 56a is fixed to a flange portion 52b provided on one end side of the feed screw 52 in the axial direction by a bolt 65 or the like. Here, the rotating portion 56a has an opening 56c in the center, and when the shaft feed lever 56 is fixed to the feed screw 52, the insertion portion 51b of the rotating shaft 51 into which the feed screw 52 is screwed is inserted into the opening 56c. .. Reference numeral 56d is an insertion hole into which a bolt is inserted.

The operating portion 56b is provided so as to project from the outer peripheral surface of the rotating portion 56a. Here, the length of the operating portion 56b is set to a length at which the operating force of the shaft feed lever 56 is equal to or less than the ergonomic allowable value (133N). As an example, the length of the operation unit 56b is, for example, 100 mm.

The fixing plate 58 has an insertion hole 58a in the center through which the shaft portion 51d of the rotating shaft 51 is inserted. The fixing plate 58 has a screw hole 58b into which the bolt 85 is screwed. The fixing plate 58 is fixed to the window frame 31 by welding or the like.

The fixing plate 59 is a member provided on the outside of the fixing plate 58. The fixing plate 59 has an insertion hole 59a in the center through which the fixing portion 51e of the rotating shaft 51 is inserted. Reference numeral 59b is an insertion hole into which the bolt 85 is inserted. The fixing plate 59 is fixed to the rotating shaft 51 by welding or the like in a state where the fixing portion 51e of the rotating shaft 51 is inserted into the insertion hole 59a.

These fixing plates 58 and 59 are fixed by bolts 85. Since the fixing plate 58 is fixed to the window frame 31 and the fixing plate 59 is fixed to the rotating shaft 51, the window frame 31 and the rotating shaft 51 are integrated by fixing these fixing plates 58 and 59 with bolts 85. The window frame 31 rotates in accordance with the rotation of the rotation shaft 51. Here, the materials of the fixing plates 58 and 59 are metals such as steel, copper alloys, aluminum alloys, magnesium alloys and titanium, or synthetic resins having high strength such as polyacetal and polycarbonate.

The fixing plate 58 is fixed to the window frame 31, and the fixing plate 59 is fixed to the fixing plate 58 by bolts 85. However, the fixing plate 58 is not fixed to the window frame 31 by welding or the like, and the fixing plate 58 is fixed. It is also possible to fix it with bolts while sandwiching it between the fixing plate 59 and the window frame 31.

The gas spring 57 has a rod 57a and a cylinder 57b. The tip side of the rod 57a protruding from the cylinder 57b is pivotally supported by the connecting portion 55c of the opening / closing lever 55. The cylinder 57b is pivotally attached to the door body 21 on the other end side opposite to the one end side on which the rod 57a protrudes. Here, the gas spring 57 is usually urged in a direction in which the rod 57a is projected. That is, by connecting the gas spring 57 to the opening / closing lever 55, the burden on the operator for the opening / closing operation of the opening / closing window 22 is reduced.

Reference numeral 86 is a cover that protects the gas spring 57 from impact. The material of the cover 86 is a metal such as steel, copper alloy, aluminum alloy, magnesium alloy or titanium, or a synthetic resin having high strength such as polyacetal or polycarbonate.

Next, the configuration of the lock mechanism 90 will be described. The lock mechanism 90 is arranged at the upper end of the door body 21 and at two locations near the opening 23.

As shown in FIGS. 6A and 6B, in addition to the latch 25 described above, the locking mechanism 90 includes a rotating shaft 91, a boss 92, and a lock lever (corresponding to the release operating means according to claim) 93. And so on. The rotating shaft 91 screwed or pinned the latch 25 to one end on the outer surface side of the door body 21, and fixed the lock lever 93 to one end on the inner surface side of the door body 21. The material of the rotating shaft 91 is a metal such as steel, copper alloy, aluminum alloy, magnesium alloy, or titanium, or a high-strength synthetic resin such as polyacetal or polycarbonate. The rotating shaft 91 may be a member integrated with the lock lever 93, or may be an individual member.

The rotating shaft 91 has a flange portion 91a at an end to which the lock lever 93 is fixed. The flange portion 91a regulates the movement of the rotating shaft 91 in the axial direction.

The boss 92 is a cylindrical member. The material of the boss 92 is a high-strength metal such as steel, aluminum alloy, and titanium. The boss 92 is fixed to the door body 21 by welding or the like. The boss 92 holds the rotating shaft 91 with the bush 94 inserted in the internal space. A pin 92b is provided on the end surface (upper surface) 92a on the side where the latch 25 is located in the axial direction of the boss 92. The pin 92b is released when the latch 25 is rotated from the unlocked position (the position indicated by the alternate long and short dash line in FIG. 6 (a)) to the locked position (the position indicated by the solid line in FIG. 6 (a)), or from the locked position. When it rotates to the lock position, it comes into contact with the side surface of the latch 25 and prevents the latch 25 from rotating.

The boss 92 has a plunger 95 protruding from the upper surface 92a. The plunger 95 is urged in a direction protruding from the upper surface of the boss 92 by a spring (not shown) arranged at the lower part of the plunger. The plunger 95 is inserted into the recess 25a provided on the bottom surface of the latch 25 when the latch 25 is rotated to the locked position. Further, the plunger 95 is inserted into the recess 25b provided on the bottom surface of the latch 25 when the latch 25 is rotated to the unlocked position. If the latch 25 can be reliably stopped at the unlocked position or the locked position, it is not necessary to provide a spring-loaded plunger configuration.

The lock lever 93 is operated when the latch 25 is rotated between the locking position and the unlocking position. The material of the lock lever 93 is a metal such as steel, copper alloy, aluminum alloy, magnesium alloy, or titanium, or a high-strength synthetic resin such as polyacetal or polycarbonate.

The latch 25 is fixed to an end portion located on the outer surface side of the door body 21 with respect to the rotating shaft 91. The material of the latch 25 is a metal such as steel, copper alloy, aluminum alloy, magnesium alloy or titanium, or a high-strength synthetic resin such as polyacetal or polycarbonate. The latch 25 rotates between the locking position and the unlocking position in response to the operation of the lock lever 93. When the latch 25 moves to the locked position, it rides on the outer surface of the reinforcing plate 100 provided on the outer surface of the window frame 31 and presses the window frame 31 toward the outer surface of the door body 21.

The bottom surface of the latch 25 is provided with recesses 25a and 25b at two locations. The plunger 95 is inserted into the recess 25a when the latch 25 is in the locked position. The plunger 95 is inserted into the recess 25b when the latch 25 is in the unlocked position.

Hereinafter, the opening / closing operation of the window will be described with reference to FIGS. 7 to 12. Hereinafter, the case where the opening / closing window 22 is closed will be described as an initial state. When the opening / closing window 22 is closed, the opening / closing window 22 is in the pressure contact position, and the two locking mechanisms 90 are each locked. Hereinafter, the lock mechanism located on the left side in FIGS. 7 and 8 and the constituent members constituting the lock mechanism will be described with "~'". When the two locking mechanisms 90, 90'are in the locked state, the lock levers 93, 93'are in a state in which their longitudinal directions are inclined downward. First, the lock levers 93 and 93'are operated. By this operation, the lock lever 93 is rotated in the C1 direction in FIG. 7, and the lock lever 93'is rotated in the D1 direction in FIG. The latches 25 and 25'rotate in the same direction as the lock levers 93 and 93' in accordance with the rotation of the lock levers 93 and 93'. As a result, the latch 25 of the locking mechanism 90 moves from the locking position to the unlocking position. At the same time, the latch 25'of the locking mechanism 90'moves from the locking position to the unlocking position. Therefore, the pressing of the window frame 31 on the door body 21 by the latches 25 and 25'is released. When the latches 25 and 25'are moved from the locking position to the unlocking position, the locking levers 93 and 93'of the locking mechanisms 90 and 90'have a horizontal longitudinal direction. At this time, as shown in FIG. 8, the sealing material 40 fixed to the groove 35 of the window frame 31 is pressed against the outer surface of the door body 21.

When the shaft feed lever 56 is operated in the E1 direction in FIG. 9, the feed screw 52 rotates in the same direction as the shaft feed lever 56 (E1 direction). In the feed screw 52, the tip of the pin 54 fixed to the boss 53 is inserted into the groove portion 52d of the feed screw 52. By inserting the tip of the pin 54 into the groove 52d of the feed screw 52, the feed screw 52 rotates in the axial direction, but does not move in the axial direction (x direction). As a result, the feed screw 52 rotates in the E1 direction in FIG. 9, so that the rotation shaft 51 screwed with the feed screw 52 is moved in the axial direction (x direction in FIG. 8). As a result, the opening / closing window to which the rotating shaft 51 is fixed also moves in the x direction in FIG. As a result, the pressure contact of the sealing material 40 to the door body 21 is released, and a gap is created between the opening / closing window 22 and the door body (see FIG. 5). That is, the opening / closing window 22 is moved from the pressure contact position to the release position by the rotation of the shaft feed lever 56.

Next, when the opening / closing lever 55 is operated in the F1 direction in FIG. 10, the rotating shaft 51 that fixes the opening / closing lever 55 at one end rotates in the same direction as the opening / closing lever 55. As described above, the other end of the rotating shaft 51 is fixed to the window frame 31 of the opening / closing window 22. Therefore, when the opening / closing lever 55 is operated in the F1 direction in FIG. 10, the opening / closing window 22 rotates in the G1 direction in FIG. 10 with the rotation shaft 51 as the center of rotation, and rotates to the opening position (see FIG. 11). .. Here, the E1 direction, the F1 direction, and the G1 direction are the same direction, but different symbols are used because the target members are different.

The gas spring 57 connects the rod 57a to the connecting portion 55c of the opening / closing lever 55. When the opening / closing window 22 is rotated from the closed position to the opening position by operating the opening / closing lever 55, the connecting portion 55c of the opening / closing lever 55 rotates. The rotation of the connecting portion 55c causes the gas spring 57 to rotate while pushing the rod 57a into the cylinder 57b. The gas spring 57 urges the rod 57a to protrude from the cylinder 57b, and this urging force acts on the opening / closing lever 55 as a reaction force when the opening / closing window 22 is operated to the opening position. Therefore, when the opening / closing window 22 is rotated to the opening position, the force associated with the operation of the opening / closing lever 55 requires a force larger than the urging force. On the other hand, when the opening / closing window 22 is rotated to the opening position, the force due to the own weight of the opening / closing window 22 acts against the urging force. As described above, since the opening / closing window 22 is connected to the opening / closing lever 55 via the rotating shaft 51, the force due to the weight of the opening / closing window 22 acts on the opening / closing lever 55. Here, the force required to operate the opening / closing lever 55 when rotating the opening / closing window 22 from the closed position to the opening position is the difference between the urging force of the gas spring and the force due to the own weight of the opening / closing window 22. That is, the force required to operate the opening / closing lever 55 when rotating the opening / closing window 22 from the closed position to the open position is minimized. When the opening / closing lever 55 is operated in the direction of FIG. 10F1, the rotating shaft 51 and the feed screw 52 are screwed together, so that the shaft feed lever 56 rotates together with the opening / closing lever 55.

As shown in FIG. 11, when the opening / closing window 22 rotates from the closed position to the opening position by operating the opening / closing lever 55, the opening / closing window 22 comes into contact with the stopper 37 and its rotation is stopped. As a result, the opening 23 provided in the door body 21 is opened.

After the opening / closing window 22 rotates to the opening position, the shaft feed lever 56 is operated in the E2 direction in FIG. The E2 direction is opposite to the E1 direction. When the shaft feed lever 56 is operated in the E2 direction in FIG. 11, the feed screw 52 rotates in the same direction as the shaft feed lever 56. Due to this rotation, the rotating shaft 51 screwed into the feed screw 52 moves in the −x direction. As the rotation shaft 51 moves in the −x direction, the opening / closing window 22 moves toward the door body 21. As a result, the sealing material 40 provided on the outer peripheral edge of the inner surface of the window frame 31 of the opening / closing window 22 is pressed against the outer surface of the door body 21 and compressed. As a result, the sealing material 40 provided on the outer peripheral edge of the inner surface of the window frame 31 is fixedly held by the door body 21 in a state where the opening / closing window 22 is pressed against the outer surface of the door body 21. That is, the opening / closing window 22 is in an open state (see FIG. 12).

Further, when the opening 23 of the door body 21 is closed by the opening / closing window 22, the opening / closing lever 55, the shaft feed lever 56, the lock lever 93, and the procedure are the reverse of the procedure for opening the opening 23 of the door body 21. 93'is operated.

First, the shaft feed lever 56 is operated in the E1 direction in FIG. By operating the shaft feed lever 56 in the E1 direction in FIG. 12, the feed screw 52 rotates in the same direction as the shaft feed lever 56. The rotation of the feed screw 52 causes the rotation shaft 51 to move in the x direction. By this movement, the compression of the sealing material 40 provided on the outer peripheral edge of the inner surface of the window frame 31 of the opening / closing window 22 is released, in other words, the pressure welding of the door body 21 to the outer surface is released.

Next, when the opening / closing lever 55 is operated in the F2 direction in FIG. 11, the rotating shaft 51 rotates. The opening / closing window 22 at the opening position rotates to the closing position (in the G2 direction in FIG. 11) in accordance with the rotation of the rotation shaft 51. At this time, the gas spring 57 is urged in the direction in which the rod 57a protrudes from the cylinder 57b. Therefore, when the opening / closing lever 55 is operated in the F2 direction in FIG. 11 and the opening / closing window 22 rotates from the opening position to the closing position, the opening / closing lever 55 is pushed out (in other words, the opening / closing window 22 is opened from the opening position). The urging force of the gas spring 57 is applied in the direction of rotation to the closed position). On the other hand, the force due to the weight of the opening / closing window 22 acts on the opening / closing lever 55 as a reaction force. Here, the force required to operate the opening / closing lever 55 when rotating the opening / closing window 22 from the closed position to the opening position is the difference between the urging force of the gas spring 57 and the force due to the own weight of the opening / closing window 22. .. That is, the force required to operate the opening / closing lever 55 when rotating the opening / closing window 22 from the opening position to the closing position is minimized. As a result, the operation of the opening / closing lever 55 when rotating the opening / closing window 22 from the opening position to the closing position can be facilitated.

Then, when the opening / closing window 22 rotates from the opening position to the closing position, the opening / closing window 22 comes into contact with the stopper 26 arranged above the opening 23 of the door body 21, and the rotation of the opening / closing window 22 is stopped. .. When the opening / closing lever 55 is operated in the F2 direction in FIG. 11, the shaft feed lever 56 rotates together with the opening / closing lever 55 (in the E2 direction in FIG. 11).

After the opening / closing window 22 rotates to the closed position, the shaft feed lever 56 is operated. When the opening / closing window 22 is in the closed position, the position of the opening / closing window 22 is the release position. By operating the shaft feed lever 56 in the E1 direction in FIG. 11, the feed screw 52 rotates in the same direction as the shaft feed lever 56. The rotation of the feed screw 52 causes the rotation shaft 51 to move in the −x direction. By this movement, the sealing material 40 provided on the outer peripheral edge of the inner surface of the window frame 31 of the opening / closing window 22 is pressed against the outer surface of the door body 21 and compressed. As a result, the opening / closing window 22 is held at the pressure contact position, and the opening 23 of the door body 21 is closed.

Finally, the lock lever 93 is operated in the C2 direction in FIG. 9, and the lock lever 93'is operated in the D2 direction in FIG. By operating the lock levers 93 and 93', the latches 25 and 25' rotate from the unlocked position to the locked position, respectively. In the process of rotating, the latches 25 and 25'enter the movement locus of the opening / closing window 22 between the pressure contact position and the release position, and ride on the reinforcing plate 100 of the window frame 31. By riding on the reinforcing plate 100 of the window frame 31 when the latches 25 and 25'rotate, the latches 25 and 25'press the reinforcing plates 100 toward the window frame 31, respectively. As a result, the opening / closing window 22 is pressed against the door body 21 at three locations, the latches 25 and 25', in the vicinity of the rotating shaft 51 (see FIG. 7). As a result, the confidentiality between the opening / closing window 22 and the door body 21 is maintained.

In this way, by operating the opening / closing lever 55 and the shaft feed lever 56 of the window opening / closing mechanism 50 and the lock lever 93 of the lock mechanism 90, the opening 23 of the door body 21 is closed and opened. It can be opened and closed.

Hereinafter, various verification results performed on the side door 17 having the window opening / closing mechanism 50 of the present embodiment will be described.

<Verification of visibility>
We verified the ease of visibility (hereinafter referred to as visibility) when a person seated on a seat provided inside the cabin 15 visually recognized the rear of the vehicle 10 through the opening 23 of the side door 17. To verify the visibility, whether or not a person seating on a seat (not shown) provided inside the cabin 15 can be put out to the outside of the cabin 15 from the opening 23 of the side door 17 to the head (FIG. 13 (FIG. 13). It is a verification of two items (see a)) and whether or not the rear of the vehicle 10 can be visually recognized (see FIG. 13B).

In the verification of visibility, a mockup imitating the opening 23 of the side door 17 was created, and the posture (sitting posture) of the vehicle 10 during driving was reproduced. Table 1 shows a table summarizing the size of the opening 23 and the verification results. In Table 1, the vertical width H indicates the width from the upper end of the opening 23 shown in FIG. 13B to the upper end of the opening / closing window 22 in the open state. Further, the width W indicates the width from the left end portion to the right end portion of the opening 23. The left side in FIG. 13B is the front of the vehicle 10, and the right side of the figure is the rear of the vehicle 10.

As shown in Table 1, when the vertical width H and the horizontal width W of the opening 23 are H = 200 mm and W = 200 mm, it is difficult to expose the head to the outside of the opening 23, and the rear is visually recognized. Was difficult.

When the vertical width H and the horizontal width W of the opening 23 are H = 250 mm and W = 250 mm, the head can be extended to the outside of the opening, but it is difficult to turn around and visually recognize the rear.

When the vertical width H and the horizontal width W of the opening 23 are H = 250 mm and W = 350 mm, the head can be extended to the outside of the opening 23, and the rear can be visually recognized by turning the neck. The result was that there was.

Further, when the vertical width H and the horizontal width W of the opening 23 are H = 400 mm and W = 800 mm, the head can be extended to the outside of the opening 23, and it is easy to turn the neck to visually recognize the rear. The result was that it was possible.

Here, according to the "Japanese head size database 2001" published by the National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, the average value of the head length of the youth group elasticity is 189.1 mm. According to the book, head length is defined as the distance from the glabellar point to the occipital point. Here, the glabellar point refers to a point that protrudes most forward on the midline in the portion above the base of the nose and between the left and right brow arches in a state where the ear and ocular surface is horizontal. The occipital point refers to the point of the occipital region farthest from the glabellar point in the mid-sagittal plane.

That is, when the head is extended to the outside of the vehicle 10 through the opening 23 in the driving posture (sitting position) of the vehicle 10, the head cannot be extended perpendicular to the opening 23. Therefore, in order to confirm the rear of the vehicle 10, an opening 23 having a width larger than the head length is required. In the above verification, if the vertical width H of the opening 23 is H = 250 mm or more and the horizontal width W is W = 350 mm or more, the head can be extended to the outside of the vehicle through the opening 23, and the rear can be seen. We were able to obtain the result that it was visible.

<Verification of waterproofness>
The waterproofness between the opening / closing window 22 and the door body 21 in a state where the opening 23 of the door body 21 is closed was verified. The verification of waterproofness is to measure the crushing allowance of the sealing material 40, which is considered not to cause water leakage to the inside of the side door 17 in a state where the opening 23 of the door body 21 is closed. As shown in FIG. 14, the crushing allowance L is the difference between the total length L0 of the sealing material 40 before being compressed and the total length L1 of the compressed sealing material 40. This is the distance at which the sealing material 40 is compressed when it is moved toward the door. As shown in FIG. 15, in the verification of waterproofness, rod-shaped water was discharged from a position 3 m away from the outer surface of the side door 17 toward the outer peripheral edge of the opening / closing window 22 (in the direction of the arrow in FIG. 15). The water pressure in the rod-shaped water discharge is 0.25 MPa or more. Table 2 shows a table summarizing the verification results of waterproofness in the crushing allowance of the sealing material 40.

As shown in Table 2, when the crushing allowance L was C = 0.5 mm, a result was obtained that a large number of water droplets adhered to the entire inner surface of the opening / closing window. Further, when the crushing allowance L was L = 1.5 mm, a result was obtained that a small number of water droplets adhered to the vicinity of the sealing material on the inner surface of the opening / closing window.

Further, when the crushing allowance L was L = 2 mm or more (in the table, L = 2 mm or L = 5 mm), the result was obtained that water droplets did not adhere to the inner surface of the opening / closing window. That is, when the crushing allowance L is 2 mm or more, water leakage does not occur and waterproofness can be ensured.

<Verification of operability>
The operability of the opening / closing lever 55 and the shaft feed lever 56 was verified. As shown in FIG. 16, the verification of the operability of the opening / closing lever 55 is performed, for example, while the spring scale 120 is fixed to the operating portion 55b of the opening / closing lever 55 and the opening / closing lever 55 is rotated by 90 ° while pulling the spring scale 120. , The maximum value (hereinafter referred to as the maximum operating force) measured by the spring scale 120 is to be measured. In this verification, the spring scale 120 is pulled so that the angle formed by the longitudinal direction of the opening / closing lever 55 and the longitudinal direction of the spring scale 120 is 90 °. The verification of the operability of the shaft feed lever 56 is the same as the verification of the operability of the opening / closing lever 55.

FIG. 17 is a graph showing the relationship between the length of the operating portion of each lever and the operating force. Here, the solid line 130 is an ergonomic allowable value (133N). Ergonomic tolerances are defined by the MIL standard "MIL-STD-1472G".

The dotted line indicated by reference numeral 131 in FIG. 17 is the relationship between the length of the operating portion 55b of the opening / closing lever 55 and the operating force, and the alternate long and short dash line indicated by reference numeral 132 in FIG. 17 is the length of the operating portion 56b of the shaft feed lever 56. The relationship with the operating force is shown. It should be noted that these relationships are values calculated by calculations such as simulation. As shown by these, as the length of the operating portion of each of the opening / closing lever 55 and the shaft feed lever 56 becomes longer, the operating force at the time of operation decreases and converges within a predetermined period.

Here, the length of the operating portion 55b of the opening / closing lever 55 in the present embodiment is 200 mm, and the length of the operating portion 56b of the shaft feed lever 56 is 100 mm. In the above verification, the maximum operating force when the operating portion 55b of the opening / closing lever 55 is operated (mark “■ (filled rectangle)” in FIG. 17) is 49N, and the maximum when operating the operating portion 56b of the shaft feed lever 56. The operating force (mark "● (filled circle)" in FIG. 17 is 59N. It was found that these values are lower than the calculated values and lower than the ergonomic tolerance. It was.

<Another Embodiment>
Hereinafter, another embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 18 to 21. In another embodiment shown in FIGS. 18 to 21, the same components as those in the embodiments shown in FIGS. 1 to 17 are designated by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.

First, the configuration of the window safety member 150 will be described.

FIG. 18A is a perspective view of the side door 17A in a state where the opening 23 of the door body 21 in another embodiment is closed, and FIG. 18B is another embodiment. It is a perspective view of the side door 17A in the state where the opening 23 of the door main body 21 in the form is open seen from the outside of a cabin 15. As shown in FIG. 18, the side door 17A in another embodiment has a window safety member 150 on the outer surface of the door body 21.

The window safety member 150 is an outer surface of the door body 21 and an edge portion of the movement locus of the window frame 31, and is arranged on the side opposite to the rotation shaft 51 (see FIG. 5) with the opening 23 interposed therebetween. The window safety member 150 has a side surface of the window frame 31 and a rubber cushion 152 of the window safety member 150 when the opening / closing window 22 is rotated from the closed position (FIG. 18 (a)) to the open position (FIG. 18 (b)). (See FIG. 19) comes into contact with the opening / closing window 22 to suppress sudden rotation. As a result, the window safety member 150 prevents a contact accident between the opening / closing window 22 and a person while the opening / closing window 22 is being opened / closed.

FIG. 19 is a cross-sectional view of the window safety member 150 according to another embodiment. The window safety member 150 includes a support pin 151, a rubber cushion 152, a stepped spacer 153, a spacer 154, and a washer 155. The support pin 151 is connected to the door body 21. The rubber cushion 152, the stepped spacer 153, the spacer 154, and the washer 155 are arranged on the outer periphery of the support pin 151 in the circumferential direction.

The support pin 151 supports the rubber cushion 152, and has a head portion 151a, a first body portion 151b, a second body portion 151c, and a male screw portion 151d. The head 151a prevents the rubber cushion 152, the stepped spacer 153, the spacer 154, and the washer 155 from coming off the support pin 151. The first body portion 151b supports the stepped spacer 153 by arranging the stepped spacer 153 in the circumferential direction. The second body portion 151c has a smaller diameter than the first body portion, and a spacer 154 is arranged in the circumferential direction to support the spacer 154. The male screw portion 151d fixes the support pin 151 by screwing it to the door body 21. That is, the support pin 151 is the shaft of the window safety member 150. The material of the support pin 151 is, for example, a metal such as steel, copper alloy, aluminum alloy, magnesium alloy, or titanium.

The rubber cushion 152 is a cylindrical member, and is arranged on the outer periphery of the first body portion 151b of the support pin 151. The rubber cushion 152 absorbs an impact by coming into contact with the side surface of the window frame 31 when the opening / closing window 22 is opened / closed, and suppresses the momentum of rotation of the opening / closing window 22. The material of the rubber cushion 152 is, for example, a rubber having high environmental resistance such as chlorobrene rubber, butyl rubber, ethylene propylene rubber, or soft vinyl chloride, or a synthetic resin.

The stepped spacer 153 is fitted into the rubber cushion 152 and inserted inside the rubber cushion 152 so that the rubber cushion 152 can easily rotate around the support pin 151. The material of the stepped spacer 153 is, for example, a metal such as steel, a copper alloy, an aluminum alloy, a magnesium alloy, or titanium, or a high-strength resin such as polyacetal or polycarbonate.

The spacer 154 is a member that is inserted between the rubber cushion 152 and the door body 21 around the support pin 151 to adjust the axial position of the rubber cushion 152. The material of the spacer 154 is, for example, a metal such as steel, a copper alloy, an aluminum alloy, a magnesium alloy, or titanium, or a high-strength resin such as polyacetal or polycarbonate.

The washer 155 is inserted back and forth in the axial direction of the rubber cushion 152 so that the rubber cushion 152 can easily rotate around the support pin 151. The material of the washer 155 is, for example, a metal such as steel, a copper alloy, an aluminum alloy, a magnesium alloy, or titanium, or a high-strength resin such as polyacetal or polycarbonate.

Next, the operation of the opening / closing window 22 in another embodiment shown in FIGS. 18 to 21 will be described.

FIG. 20 shows, in another embodiment, a side door 17A viewed from the outside of the cabin 15 when the opening / closing window 22 and the window safety member 150 are in contact positions while the opening 23 of the door body 21 is being opened. It is a side view. That is, FIG. 20 shows a state in the process of transitioning from the state shown in FIG. 18 (a) to the state shown in FIG. 18 (b).

As described above, the window safety member 150 is arranged at the edge of the movement locus of the window frame 31 outside the door body 21. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 20, the edge portion of the window frame 31 comes into contact with the window safety member 150 during the opening and closing of the opening / closing window 22.

FIG. 21 is a cross-sectional view of the vicinity of the window safety member 150 in the state of FIG. As shown in FIG. 21, in the state of FIG. 20, the window frame 31 is in contact with the rubber cushion 152 of the window safety member 150. When the opening / closing window 22 rotates from the closed position to the opening position, the opening / closing window 22 may suddenly rotate due to its own weight, opening / closing momentum, or the like. However, as described above, a flexible material such as rubber or resin is used for the rubber cushion 152 of the window safety member 150. Therefore, when the window frame 31 comes into contact with the rubber cushion 152 during the opening and closing of the opening / closing window 22, the impact is absorbed and the sudden rotation of the opening / closing window 22 is suppressed. When the window frame 31 comes into contact with the rubber cushion 152, the rubber cushion 152 rotates about the support pin 151 together with the stepped spacer 153 and the washer 155.

The window safety member 150 may be arranged at a position where the rubber cushion 152 is slightly crushed (a position having a crushing allowance) when the window frame 31 comes into contact with the rubber cushion 152. In this case, when the rubber cushion 152 is crushed, more impact when opening and closing the opening / closing window 22 can be absorbed.

Next, the effects of another embodiment shown in FIGS. 18 to 21 will be described.

In another embodiment shown in FIGS. 18 to 21, the same effect as that of one embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 17 is obtained. Therefore, also in another embodiment shown in FIGS. 18 to 21, in the verification of visibility, the verification of waterproofness, and the verification of operability, the verification results shown in FIGS. 13 to 17 and Tables 1 and 2 are used. Similar verification results can be obtained.

Further, in another embodiment shown in FIGS. 18 to 21, the side surface of the window frame 31 comes into contact with the rubber cushion 152 of the window safety member 150 while the opening / closing window 22 is rotating around the rotation shaft 51. As a result, the impact is absorbed and the sudden rotation of the opening / closing window 22 is suppressed. Therefore, by using the window safety member 150, it is possible to prevent a contact accident between the window frame 31 and a person.

The position where the window safety member 150 is provided and the shape of the window safety member 150 are limited to those shown in FIGS. 18 to 21 as long as the position and shape can absorb the impact when the opening / closing window 22 is opened / closed. Absent. For example, the window safety member 150 may be provided below the positions shown in FIGS. 18 and 20 as long as it is the edge of the movement locus of the window frame 31 outside the door body 21. Further, the shape of the rubber cushion 152 of the window safety member 150 shown in FIGS. 19 and 21 may not be a cylindrical shape but may be a prismatic shape such as a triangular prism or a square prism or a donut shape. Further, the window safety member 150 may have some configurations other than the rubber cushion 152 that absorbs the impact, and the rubber cushion 152 may be installed directly on the door body 21.

The above detailed description will clarify the features and advantages of the embodiments. It is intended that the claims extend to the features and advantages of the embodiments as described above, without departing from their spirit and scope of rights. Also, anyone with ordinary knowledge in the art should be able to easily come up with any improvements or changes. Therefore, there is no intention to limit the scope of the embodiments having invention to those described above, and it is possible to rely on suitable improvements and equivalents included in the scope disclosed in the embodiments.

10 ... Vehicle; 15 ... Cabin; 16 ... Stand; 17,17A ... Side door; 21 ... Door body (door plate); 22 ... Opening and closing window; 23 ... Opening; 25, 25'... Latch (fixing means); 25a , 25b ... recessed; 26 ... stopper (first contact member); 27 ... stopper (second contact member); 31 ... window frame; 31a ... insertion hole; 32 ... glass; 33 ... molding; 35 ... groove 37 ... Stopper; 40 ... Sealing material; 50 ... Window opening / closing mechanism; 51 ... Rotating shaft; 51a ... Inserting part; 51b ... Inserting part; 51c ... Male screw part; 51d ... Shaft part; 51e ... Fixed part; 52 ... Feed screw (Shaft feed member); 52a ... Main body; 52b ... Flange part; 52c ... Female thread part; 52d ... Groove part; 52e ... Screw hole; 53 ... Boss (bearing member); 53a ... Large diameter part; 53b ... Small diameter part; 54 ... Pin (regulatory member); 55 ... Open / close lever (open / close operation member); 55a ... Rotating part; 55b ... Operating part; 55c ... Connecting part; 55d ... Opening; 56 ... Shaft feed lever (shaft feed operating member); 56a ... Rotation Part; 56b ... Operating part; 56c ... Opening; 56d ... Insertion hole; 57 ... Gas spring (auxiliary means); 57a ... Rod; 57b ... Cylinder; 58 ... Fixing plate; 58a ... Insertion hole; 58b ... Screw hole; 59 ... Fixing plate; 59a ... Insertion hole; 59b ... Insertion hole; 65 ... Bolt; 68 ... Fixing plate; 68a ... Opening; 68b ... Insertion hole; 69 ... Bolt; 70 ... Screw hole; 71 ... Insertion hole; 75 ... Bush; 75a ... Bush; 75b ... Bush; 75c ... Gap; 76 ... Bush; 77 ... Screw hole; 80 ... Disc; 81 ... Bolt; 85 ... Bolt; 86 ... Cover; 90, 90' ... Lock mechanism; 91 ... Rotating shaft 91a ... Flange; 92 ... Boss; 92a ... Top surface (end face); 92b ... Pin; 93, 93'... Lock lever (release operating means); 94 ... Bush; 95 ... Plunger; 100 ... Reinforcing plate; 150 ... Window Safety member; 151 ... Support pin; 151a ... Head; 151b ... First body; 151c ... Second body; 151d ... Male thread; 152 ... Rubber cushion; 153 ... Stepped spacer; 154 ... Spacer; 155 ... Washer

Claims (12)

In the window opening / closing mechanism that opens and closes the opening provided on the outer surface of the vehicle body by a window
A rotating shaft that is fixed to the window at one end in the axial direction and has a male screw portion in a part of the axial direction.
A shaft feed member having a female threaded portion screwed into the male threaded portion of the rotating shaft,
The vehicle body in a state where the rotation shaft and the shaft feed member in which the female screw portion is screwed into the male screw portion of the rotation shaft are positioned outside the vehicle body with the window to which the rotation shaft is fixed. Bearing members that support the axles and
A regulatory member fixed to the bearing member and pivotally supported by the bearing member to regulate the axial movement of the shaft feed member when the shaft feed member rotates.
Between a closed position that is fixed to the other end side of the rotating shaft in the axial direction inside the vehicle body and located outside the opening of the vehicle body and an opening position that retracts from the outside of the opening of the vehicle body. The opening / closing operation member that rotates the window with
It is fixed to the shaft feed member inside the vehicle body, and when the shaft feed member is rotated in the forward and reverse directions, it is arranged on the surface of the window facing the outer surface of the vehicle body and along the outer peripheral edge of the window. The rotating shaft and the rotating shaft are fixed between the first position where the sealing material is pressed against the outer surface of the vehicle body to be deformed and the second position where the sealing material is released from the pressure contact with the vehicle body. An axis feed operation member that moves the window in the axial direction of the rotation axis, and
A window opening / closing mechanism characterized by including. In the window opening / closing mechanism according to claim 1,
A window opening / closing mechanism, which is arranged so as to straddle between the opening / closing operation member and the inner surface of the vehicle body, and has an auxiliary means for assisting the opening / closing operation of the window accompanying the operation of the opening / closing operation member. In the window opening / closing mechanism according to claim 1 or 2.
The shaft feed member is a window opening / closing mechanism characterized in that when the rotation shaft is rotated in the forward and reverse directions by the opening / closing operation member, the shaft feed member rotates together with the rotation shaft in the same direction as the rotation direction of the rotation shaft. In the window opening / closing mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 3.
When the window was rotated from the closed position to the open position, the window was brought into contact with a first contact member provided on the outer surface of the vehicle body, and was rotated from the open position to the closed position. A window opening / closing mechanism that is sometimes provided on the outer surface of the vehicle body and is brought into contact with a second contact member different from the first contact member. In the window opening / closing mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
A window opening / closing mechanism characterized in that a window safety member is further provided on the outer surface of the vehicle body at an edge of a movement locus of the window on the side opposite to the rotation axis with the opening in between. In the window opening / closing mechanism according to claim 5.
The window safety member is a window opening / closing mechanism, characterized in that when the window rotates from the closed position to the open position, the side surfaces of the window come into contact with each other to absorb an impact. In the window opening / closing mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 6.
When the window is in the first position, the window moves between the first position and the second position at at least one position different from the position where the rotation axis is pivotally supported. A window opening / closing mechanism characterized in that movement to the second position is restricted by a fixing means located on the movement locus of the window. In the window opening / closing mechanism according to claim 7.
The fixing means is a window opening / closing mechanism characterized in that the fixing means retracts from the movement locus of the window by operating the release operation means provided inside the vehicle body. In the window opening / closing mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
The window
A window frame that fixes one end side of the rotating shaft,
The glass fixed in the window frame and
A window opening / closing mechanism characterized by having. In the window opening / closing mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
The opening has a size such that the head can be projected to the outside of the vehicle body while a person riding on the vehicle body is seated, and the person can turn his / her neck to visually recognize the rear of the vehicle body. A window opening / closing mechanism characterized by being set. In the window opening / closing mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 10.
The vehicle body is a window opening / closing mechanism characterized by being a door that is opened / closed when ascending / descending to / from the vehicle body. With the car body
A window that opens and closes the opening of the vehicle body,
The window opening / closing mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 11.
A vehicle characterized by being equipped with.

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