JP2021014561A - Installation of medical waste sterilizer and method for holding coil - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a thermal decomposition device for sterilizing and decomposing an entire storage container containing infectious industrial waste discharged from a hospital or the like to convert into oil, carbide, water and hydrochloric acid.SOLUTION: A medical waste sterilizer comprises: supplying the infectious industrial waste to a thermal decomposition device 10 together with the entire storage container; extracting the oil, the water and hydrochloric acid from gasified components by thermal decomposition in a closed environment; and dropping the carbide remaining at a bottom of a thermal decomposition tank downward by opening an exhaust valve at the bottom of the tank and rotating a scraping plate 16 of a stirrer inside the tank.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

In the present invention, medical waste is thermally decomposed together with a storage container (hereinafter, pale can) in a sterilization process of infectious disease industrial waste (hereinafter, medical waste) using high-frequency induced heating, and at the same time, oil, hydrochloric acid, and pulverized coal (hereinafter, pulverized coal) are used as by-products. It relates to a device for separating metals, glass, pottery, etc. mixed in (carbon) and pulverized coal (carbon).

The medical waste treatment method is generally incineration or sterilization using high-pressure steam (hereinafter referred to as autoclave). The incineration method is inexpensive but has some problems. This is because a large amount of ash is produced after incineration, odor is generated during low-temperature combustion that does not completely burn, and soot, CO2, and dioxins are emitted at that time.

In incineration, there is a problem that a part of the bacteria is discharged from the chimney to the outside by the attracting fan because the pail can containing medical waste cannot be burned instantly when the temperature inside the furnace is low. The gas flowing through the chimney emits high-temperature gas to prevent the generation of dioxins, which has a problem of promoting global warming.

Since the dialysis hose of medical waste is vinyl chloride, it combines with air and causes the generation of dioxins. In addition, there is a problem that vinyl chloride becomes water vapor and a large amount of hydrogen chloride gas is scattered in the air to acidify the surrounding soil.

As a treatment method other than incineration, there is an autoclave that sterilizes at high temperature and high pressure.
The processed material is placed in a pressure vessel and processed using high-pressure steam and chemical injection. In that case, the medical waste inside the container cannot be sterilized unless the pail can is crushed in advance.

The water content of the processed product in the pail can exceeds 50%, and the water content does not decrease due to the water vapor cooling and liquefaction even after the sterilization treatment, so that a large amount of fuel is required in the incineration step of the secondary treatment.

Secondary zinc acid soda used together with high-pressure steam in the sterilization process of autoclave not only damages crops but also has a great adverse effect on the human body.

In order to solve the above problems and perform safe treatment, a treatment method using electromagnetic induction heating is effective. When supplying the pail cans to the pyrolysis tank, the pail cans are not crushed in advance. Also, do not put air in the tank during supply. When the processed material is packed in a paper box, a large amount of dust is generated during the processing. Is it possible to recover the dust as carbon?
Patent 2009-1137 Kitakyushu Industry-Academia-Academic Promotion Organization JP-A-2007-24336 Special application 2011-245951 Yoshihiro Abe Industrial reactor Kenji Hashimoto Electro Heat Symposium Presentation Material 217 Denki Kogyo Keita Hata

Do not put air in the pyrolysis tank. When supplying the medical waste storage container, put it in as it is without breaking the container in advance. Does not block the gas outlet generated during thermal decomposition. Is it possible to install a heating coil on the outer circumference of the pyrolysis tank that expands and contracts due to the effect of heat from collecting dust in the generated gas and reusing the collected dust?

The supply device is sized and large according to the size of the medical waste storage container. When supplying this container to the pyrolysis tank, keep it out of the air and liquefy and separate the removed air. When opening and closing the horizontal gate that separates the pyrolysis tank from the inside of the tank, the gas inside the tank is sucked and liquefied.

The top lid of the pyrolysis tank has sufficient thickness and is further heat-insulated. The feeder for supplying medical waste located above it has a function of sucking the air accompanying when supplying the feed in a two-tiered structure and exhausting it to the outside by a vacuum pump. Furthermore, a heat cutoff gate is provided at the bottom of the feeder to prevent the rising heat from the pyrolysis tank. There is a box conveyor at the top of the feeder, which drops and supplies medical waste together with the storage box.

The inside of the pyrolysis tank is divided into upper and lower parts by a rostrum, and the pail cans are supplied on the rostrum. This pail is destroyed by the swirling of the stirrer rake due to thermal decomposition.

The destroyed carbide falls from the groove of the rostrum to the lower part of the tank, and becomes pulverized coal (carbon) by the further thermal decomposition.

The exhaust gas passes through the dust remover group to remove the dust accompanying in the moist gas. The inside of the dust remover has a structure in which a large number of disk-shaped collision plates are arranged. When the gas containing dust passes through this gap, the dust in the gas adheres to the surface of the collision plate, and the deposit grows.

At the end of the work on the day, the dust that has adhered and grown is scraped off with a scraper by rotating the collision plate with the duct damper closed. The fallen dust falls into the pyrolysis tank. The gas that has passed through the dust remover passes through the duct, enters the heat exchanger, and is cooled to become liquid and residual gas.

Wrap the heat insulating material around the outer wall of the pyrolysis tank, and then wrap the coil around it. The coil wire is covered with an insulating tube. A holding material for reliably maintaining the pitch of the coil is hung from the top of the pyrolysis tank, a disk-shaped saucer is provided at the bottom of the pyrolysis tank at a position that is not affected by magnetic waves, and it slides down due to the temperature and heat of the heat insulating material. To prevent.

The member for fixing the pyrolysis tank is made of a non-magnetic material so as not to generate heat due to electromagnetic induction. By suspending the flange of the thick plate on the pyrolysis tank from the main body frame, the heat expansion of the pyrolysis tank is released downward. By fixing the upper part of the pyrolysis tank in this way and letting the elongation due to heat escape downward, the elongation of the pyrolysis tank due to heat generation prevents deformation and destruction of the pyrolysis tank and its frame. When medical waste is thermally decomposed, most of its contents are corrugated cardboard or the like, so a temperature of 400 ° C. is required for carbonization.

Since the pyrolysis tank suspended from the frame at the upper part can freely extend downward, the extension of the tank due to heat generation puts a burden on the bottom plate of the tank and prevents itself from being deformed. There is a residue cooler under the pyrolysis tank, which is joined to the bottom of the pyrolysis tank by a vertical pipe, but the pyrolysis tank can be extended downward while ensuring airtightness by the gland box and packing.

There is a residue cooler under the pyrolysis tank, and the residue in the pyrolysis tank is dropped into the residue cooler via the gate at the bottom of the tank. The discharge straight pipe for this purpose has a ground box in the middle because it is necessary to absorb the shortening of the distance between the fixed residue cooler and the tank bottom that extends downward due to heat, and its opening and straight pipe. By filling the gap between the two with packing, the straight pipe can be slid while ensuring airtightness. In this way, the pyrolysis tank can be expanded downward by heat while ensuring airtightness and preventing the intrusion of outside air.

At the time of thermal decomposition, the temperature inside the thermal decomposition tank becomes high, but cooling water is passed through the coil wound on the outer wall side of the thermal decomposition tank to keep the temperature of the coil from exceeding 40 ° C. The cooling water is circulated and cooled by an external chiller.

The gas from which dust has been removed by a dry method is liquefied via a heat exchanger. The dust-removed powder (carbon) is stored in a pyrolysis tank and used together with the pyrolyzed carbon at the bottom of the tank.

A sterilization device will be installed in the duct behind the dust remover. The device consists of pipes that take out gas from the duct wall, a valve is provided between the pipe and the duct, and a union is joined between them. A further valve is provided inside the union, and when collecting bacteria, all the valves between the upstream and downstream of the gas are closed, the union is loosened, and the pipe between the unions is taken out.

Electromagnetic induction heating is characterized in that the entire inside of the tank can be heated uniformly and evenly, but on the other hand, there is a problem that the metal tank expands and contracts due to the influence of heat. Therefore, the support method was a cantilever support, and the extension of the tank was allowed to escape downward.

In order to fix the copper pipe arranged on the outer circumference of the tank so that the tank would not be affected by expansion and contraction due to the influence of heat, it was fixed by suspending it from the upper flange of the tank. Even if the tank expands due to the influence of heat, the copper tube on the outer circumference remains fixed in the same position.

The residue remaining on the bottom of the tank after the completion of thermal decomposition is carbon, which is taken out by opening the residue discharge valve joined to the bottom of the tank.

The apparatus of the present invention can treat infectious industrial waste and mixed waste plastic generated in the general market without prior sorting or crushing. As for medical waste, the air accompanying the supply device at the time of charging can be degassed, so that the pail can containing the medical waste can be charged and treated. The pail can and the medical waste inside it are carbonized and destroyed by thermal decomposition, and harmful bacteria do not leak to the outside during the treatment.
Oil generated by thermal decomposition by sterilization, pulverized coal as a by-product of hydrochloric acid water, metal mixed with pulverized coal, non-ferrous metal, glass and pottery can be separated in the processing process.

The gas finally discharged to the outside in the thermal decomposition process is harmless and is in a state of being cooled to the outside air temperature.

Infectious medical waste is supplied to the pyrolysis tank as a storage box. Sterilization is ensured by the temperature of thermal decomposition, high temperature gas and steam generated, oil steam, and acid steam.

Figure 1. Is a side view sectional view of this embodiment. The processed material is received by the upper feeder and then delivered to the lower feeder, and the horizontal gate opens further below and the processed material falls onto the rostrum in the tank. The processed product, which is supplied by moving the stirrer as appropriate, spreads on the rostrum.

When pyrolyzed in an oxygen-free state due to the temperature rise in the tank, the rake of the stirrer swirls, the solid matter is carbonized, the box is destroyed, and the debris falls from the rostrum to the bottom of the tank. The debris that fell to the bottom of the tank and the contents of the box continue to be thermally decomposed and gasified.

In the order of gasification, water becomes water vapor first, and when the temperature rises further, oil gas and acid gas are generated. The generated gas is taken out of the pyrolysis tank, but at that time, dust generated from wood chips, paper, etc. also goes out of the tank together with the gas. So 4. Dust in this gas is collected by two dust removers using a collision plate. All the collected dust is sucked by the vacuum pump and returned to the pyrolysis tank.

The gas that has finished collecting dust flows through the duct to the pyrolysis tank. A sterilizer is installed between the dust remover and the heat exchanger to confirm sterilization. The bacterium collector is inflated from the upstream side of the duct gas and replaced with the mainstream duct on the downstream side of the gas. Some of the gas constantly flows through this bypass.

The bacteria collection device is installed outside the duct. A gas outlet is provided on the duct wall, a valve that shuts off the gas flow and another valve are connected, and a detachable union is inserted between the two valves. Connect to the duct wall.

The short tube sandwiched between the two inner valves of the four valves is the bacteria collection part, and the bacteria collection work closes the outer valve, then closes the two inner valves, loosens the union between the valves, and the short tube. Remove and do.

The gas then enters the heat exchanger and is cooled and liquefied. When the pyrolysis process is completed and no gas is generated, the dust remover rotates the internal collision plate and scrapes the adhering dust into the pyrolysis tank with a scraper.

The dropped powder and the residue remaining on the bottom of the tank after thermal decomposition are discharged from the residue discharge valve. The pyrolysis tank is electromagnetically induced and heated to the target temperature of 470 ° C. by a high-frequency current flowing through the copper tube. The present invention relates to sterilization of infectious industrial waste and treatment of residues and oils of post-treatment products using a pyrolysis apparatus and equipment, and the following description will be omitted.

Possibility of industrial use

With this device, medical waste can be sterilized and oil can be collected, and carbon residue can also be reused. Furthermore, hydrochloric acid, which is a by-product of the pyrolysis process, can also be reused. In addition to medical waste and waste plastic, kitchen waste and sludge can be treated.

It is a side sectional view of a pyrolysis tank.

1. 1. Upper feeder 2. Sterilization confirmation device 3. Lower feeder 4. Collision plate 5. Horizontal gate 6. Stirrer 7. Dust remover 8. Dust remover 9. Copper tube 10. Pyrolysis tank 11. Residue discharge valve 12. Rostle 13. Crushing arm 14. Bacterial collection device 15. Heat exchanger 16. Stirring rake 17. Telescopic tube 18. Duct 19. Duct gas inlet 20. Duct gas return port 21. Union 22. External deadline valve 23. Internal deadline valve 24. Bacterial collection tube

Claims (3)

A high-frequency induction heating coil is wound around a pyrolysis tank (hereinafter referred to as a tank), the tank is supported from the upper frame and suspended, and the lower part of the tank is not supported by heat to freely expand and contract.
The inside of the tank is partitioned up and down by a rostrum supported from the inner wall, the processed material is supplied onto the rostrum, spread on the rostrum by a stirrer arm, carbonized and crushed by the arm, and the carbonized pieces at the bottom of the tank are agitated and pulverized and the tank bottom discharge valve. A thermal decomposition device that discharges to the outside of the tank via. The outer circumference of the tank was wrapped with a heat insulating material, a heating coil was inserted into the heat insulating tube, and a large number of coil support materials were suspended from the upper part of the tank. The insulating material is a thermal decomposition device that holds the coil in a semicircular groove that is more than half the diameter of the coil and connects it to the heat insulating material with a slip prevention ring. A thermal decomposition device that connects a short link from a single stirrer shaft in addition to the scraping plate that scratches the inside of the tank bottom and rotates the tank bottom together with the scraping plate.

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