JP2021004508A - Ventilator - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a ventilator that can responsively stop a fan and shut off the airflow path when a fire occurs outdoors.SOLUTION: A ventilator 6 includes a partition wall 11, a fan 22, and a hood 40. Inside the hood 40, an inner cover 50 is disposed. The inner cover 50 defines a portion of an air duct 55 through which air discharged from the fan passes. The air duct 55 has a discharge port 56 that is in fluid communication with the outside. The air duct 55 is provided with an expansion material 60 (flame shielding means) which operates to close the air duct 55 at an abnormally high temperature. Between the inner cover 50 and the hood 40, a first thermostat 70 (first fan stop means) for stopping the fan 22 by sensing an abnormal high temperature is arranged, and on an indoor side of the partition wall 11, a second thermostat 80 (second fan stop means) is arranged which maintains a stop state of the fan 22 even when the first thermostat 70 is melted to cause an energized state.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

The present invention relates to a ventilation device that exhausts indoor air to the outside.

Patent Document 1 discloses a ventilation device installed together with a sash window fitted in a window opening of a building. This ventilation device is for discharging indoor air to the outside, and includes a fan arranged on the indoor side and a hood arranged on the outdoor side. The air discharged from the fan passes through the hood and is discharged to the outside from the discharge port formed at the lower end of the hood.

JP-A-2017-95960

The above-mentioned ventilation device is required to have a function of preventing the flame from entering the room from the hood when a fire breaks out outdoors.
The present inventor has considered installing a flame-shielding means that operates to block the air passage in the hood at an abnormally high temperature, but when the fan is operating, the flame-shielding means is provided by the indoor air flowing through the air passage. It was found that the temperature of the flame shield did not rise and the operation of the flame shield was delayed.
Therefore, we considered installing a thermostat in the hood that detects an abnormally high temperature and stops the power supply to the fan, but this thermostat is also affected by the indoor air flowing through the air passage, and the power supply stop operation is delayed, which in turn causes the power supply stop operation to be delayed. It was found that the operation of the flame shield means was delayed.
In addition, after the thermostat detects an abnormally high temperature and stops the fan, when the flame approaches and the temperature rises further, the thermostat melts and becomes a poor insulation state, that is, an energized state, and the fan can be restarted. The sex is also left.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and includes a partition wall that separates indoors and outdoors, a fan that is arranged on the indoor side of the partition wall and discharges indoor air toward the outside, and the partition. In a ventilation system including a hood arranged on the outdoor side of the wall facing the fan, an inner cover defining at least a part of an air passage through which air discharged from the fan passes is the hood. The air passage is arranged inside, and the air passage has a discharge port connected to the outside, and the air passage is provided with a flame shielding means that operates so as to block the air passage at an abnormally high temperature, and the inner cover and the hood. A first fan stopping means for detecting an abnormally high temperature and stopping the fan is arranged between the two, and a second fan stopping means for detecting an abnormally high temperature and stopping the fan is arranged on the indoor side of the partition wall. Means are in place.

According to the above configuration, since the first fan stopping means is arranged between the inner cover and the hood, it is not affected by the indoor air flowing through the air passage even when the fan is operating, and the temperature is abnormally high when an outdoor fire occurs. Can be detected immediately and the fan can be stopped. As a result, the flame shielding means can block the air passage at an early stage without being affected by the indoor air flowing through the air passage, and the invasion of flame can be prevented.
Even if the flame approaches and the temperature rises further and the first fan stopping means melts and becomes energized again, the second fan stopping means is arranged on the outdoor side of the partition wall and is more than the first fan stopping means. Since the influence of the flame is weak, the fan can be kept stopped without being melted, and the restart of the fan can be prevented.

Preferably, the fan stop operation temperature of the first fan stop means is lower than the closing operation temperature of the flame shield means, and the fan stop operation temperature of the second fan stop means is the fan stop operation of the first fan stop means. Lower than temperature.
According to the above configuration, the fan stopping operation of the first fan stopping means allows the flame shielding means to reliably and quickly close the air passage. The second fan stopping means has a lower operating temperature than the first fan stopping means, but since it is arranged inside the partition wall, the fan stopping operation is performed later than the first fan stopping means.

Preferably, the first and second fan stopping means consist of first and second thermostats, respectively.
Preferably, the first thermostat is fixed to the outer surface of the inner cover via a stay and is in contact with the inner surface of the hood, and the second thermostat is fixed in contact with the indoor surface of the partition wall. There is.
According to the above configuration, the responsiveness to an outdoor fire can be improved.

Preferably, the flame shielding means is made of an expanding material that expands by foaming at an abnormally high temperature, and the expanding material is provided on the inner surface of the air passage in the vicinity of the discharge port.

According to the present invention, when a fire breaks out outdoors while the fan is operating, it is possible to reliably detect an abnormally high temperature outdoors, stop the fan, shut off the air passage, and prevent the fan from restarting. be able to.

It is a vertical sectional view which shows the ventilation apparatus which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention together with a sash window. It is an enlarged sectional view of the said ventilation system. It is a plan sectional view of the said ventilator, and a part component is shown by hatching. It is a rear view of the said ventilator, and the hood is omitted.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
As shown in FIG. 1, a sash window device 2 with a ventilation function is fitted in the window opening 1a of the outer wall 1 of the building. The sash window device 2 with a ventilation function includes a sash window 5 for fitting and killing, and a ventilation device 6 adjacent to the upper side of the sash window 5.
The sash window 5 has a sash frame 5a and a glass plate 5b fitted in the sash frame 5a.

As shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, the ventilation device 6 is unitized, and includes a support frame 10, a fan unit 20 arranged indoors, a fan cover 30 covering the fan unit 20 indoors, and a shop. A hood 40 arranged on the outside and an inner cover 50 arranged on the inside of the hood 40 on the outdoor side are provided as main components. The fan unit 20, the fan cover 30, the hood 40, and the inner cover 50 are attached to the support frame 10 as described later.

As shown in FIG. 1, the lower edge portion of the support frame 10 is connected to the upper edge portion of the frame portion 5a of the sash window 5, and the upper edge portion and the left and right edge portions of the support frame 10 are the upper edge portion and the upper edge portion of the window opening 1a. It is fixed to the left and right edges respectively.

The support frame 10 has a partition wall 11 that stands vertically to separate the indoor and outdoor parts. The fan unit 20 is fixed to the partition wall 11. As shown in FIG. 3, the fan unit 20 has a drive unit 21 in the center and a pair of fans 22 on the left and right sides thereof. The drive unit 21 has a built-in motor and a power supply circuit. The pair of fans 22 has a suction portion 22a on the side surface opposite to the drive portion 21, and a discharge portion 22b on the outdoor side thereof.

The discharge portions 22b of the pair of fans 22 are inserted into an opening (not shown) formed in the partition wall 11 and project outward from the partition wall 11. An opening / closing plate 23 is attached to each of the discharge portions 22b. The opening / closing plate 23 is opened by the wind pressure when the fan 22 is operating, and is closed by its own weight when the fan 22 is stopped.

The fan cover 30 is also attached to the indoor side of the support frame 10. The fan cover 30 is formed by connecting the upper plate 31, the front plate 32, and the side plate 33 to each other, and surrounds the fan unit 20. The outdoor side edge of the upper plate 31 is connected to the support frame 10, and the lower edge of the front plate 32 is connected to the lower edge of the support frame 10 via the connecting member 34.
The front plate 32 has a step portion 32a, and a vent 32x is formed in the step portion 32a, and a net or a filter 35 covering the vent 32x is installed.

The hood 40 is arranged on the outdoor side facing the fan unit 20. The hood 40 has a main plate 41 and side plates 42 that close the left and right sides of the main plate 41. The main plate 41 includes an upright wall 41a that stands vertically, an upper wall 41b that extends from the lower edge of the upright wall 41a toward the indoor side, and a bottom wall 41c that extends from the lower edge of the upright wall 41a toward the indoor side. Have. The upper wall 41b and the bottom wall 41c are connected to the partition wall 11 of the support frame 10.
A large number of openings 41x are formed in the bottom wall 41c. The internal space 45 of the hood 40 is connected to the outside through an opening 41x at the lower end.

The inner cover 50 is arranged inside the hood 40. The inner cover 50 includes an upright wall 51 that is parallel to the partition wall 11 of the frame 10 and the upright wall 41a of the hood 40 and is opposed to each other, an upper wall 52 that is separated from the upper wall 41b of the hood 40, and left and right side plates 42. It has left and right side walls 53 that are separated from each other and face each other. A flange portion 53a is formed on the side wall 53, and the inner cover 50 is attached to the partition wall 11 by fixing the collar portion 53a to the outdoor side surface of the partition wall 11 of the support frame 10.

The inner cover 50 separates the discharge portion 22b of the pair of fans 22 from the hood 40, and defines the air passage 55 in cooperation with the partition wall 11. The air passage 55 is connected to the outside through the discharge port 56 at the lower end and the opening 41x of the hood 40.

As shown in FIG. 2, the inner surface of the air passage 55 near the discharge port 56 (in the present embodiment, the inner surface of the inner cover 50 and the outdoor side surface of the partition wall 11) is an expansion material that expands by foaming at an abnormally high temperature. 60 (flame shielding means) is provided.

A first thermostat 70 (first fan stopping means) is arranged in the space between the hood 40 and the inner cover 50, for example, in the gap between the standing wall 41a of the hood 40 and the standing wall 51 of the inner cover 50. There is. In the present embodiment, the first thermostat 70 is fixed to the outdoor side surface of the upright wall 51 of the inner cover 50 via the stay 71, and is in contact with the indoor side surface of the upright wall 41a of the hood 40.

The first thermostat 70 is connected to the power supply circuit of the drive unit 21 of the fan unit 20 via a cord 72, and opens at an abnormally high temperature to stop the power supply to the motor 21 and stop the operation of the pair of fans 22. It has become like.

A second thermostat 80 (second fan stopping means) is in contact with and fixed to the indoor surface of the partition wall 11. The second thermostat 80 is also connected to the power supply circuit of the drive unit 21 of the fan unit 20 via a cord so as to be in series with the first thermostat 70, and opens at an abnormally high temperature to stop the power supply to the motor 21. , The operation of the pair of fans 22 is stopped.

The fan stop operating temperature of the second thermostat 80 is about 50 ° C., which is lower than the fan stop operating temperature of the first thermostat 70 of about 70 ° C., and the fan stop operating temperature of the first thermostat 70 is the above-mentioned expansion material 60. It is lower than the closing operation temperature (foam expansion start temperature) of about 150 ° C.

The operation of the sash window device 1 with a ventilation function configured as described above will be described. The fan unit 20 is always in operation so that dirty indoor air is forcibly exhausted to the outside, and fresh outdoor air is taken into the room from an intake port installed at another location in the building.

The flow of air in the ventilator 6 will be briefly described. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, indoor air enters the fan cover 30 through the vent 32x of the fan cover 30, is sucked into the suction portion 22a of the pair of fans 22, and is discharged from the discharge portion 22b. The discharged air flows through the air passage 55 between the inner cover 50 and the partition wall 11 and is discharged to the outside from the discharge port 56.

When a fire breaks out outdoors and the temperature near the hood 40 becomes abnormally high, the first thermostat 70 senses the operating temperature of 70 ° C. and opens the power supply circuit, so that the operation of the fan 22 can be stopped. Since the first thermostat 70 is arranged between the hood 40 and the inner cover 50 and is not affected by the indoor air discharged from the fan 22 and flowing through the air passage 55, the first thermostat 70 is immediately exposed to an abnormally high temperature near the hood 40. The fan 22 can be stopped in response. In particular, in the present embodiment, since the first thermostat 70 is separated from the inner cover 50 and is in contact with the hood 40, the responsiveness to an abnormally high temperature can be maximized.

When the flame approaches and the temperature in the vicinity of the hood 40 rises further and reaches the operating temperature of the expansion material 60 of 150 ° C., the expansion material 60 expands and closes the air passage 55 and the discharge port 56 in this embodiment. be able to. As a result, it is possible to prevent the flame from entering the room through the discharge port 56. As described above, since the fan 22 has already stopped, the expansion material 60 is not affected by the air flow in the air passage 55, and reliably shuts off the air passage 55 in response to the abnormally high temperature in the vicinity of the hood 40. can do.

By stopping the fan 22 at an early stage as described above, the following effects can also be obtained. That is, when the fan 22 continues to operate, only the upper edge portion of the frame portion 5a of the sash window 5 is cooled by the air discharged from the discharge port 56, and the other portion of the frame portion 5b becomes hot due to the flame, and the temperature becomes high. Unevenness occurs. Therefore, the frame portion 5a may be deformed, and a flame may enter through the gap between the frame portion 5a and the window opening 1a. However, since the fan 22 can be stopped at an early stage, deformation of the frame portion 5a due to temperature unevenness can be prevented, and intrusion of flame can be prevented.

The second thermostat 80 has a lower operating temperature than the first thermostat 70, but since it is provided on the indoor side surface of the partition wall 11 and is not directly affected by the outdoor flame, the second thermostat 80 becomes the first in the process of rising outdoor temperature. 1 The thermostat 70 is opened after the thermostat 70 (fan stop operation). It is preferable to set the opening operation temperature of the second thermostat 80 according to the configuration of the ventilation device 6 so that the opening operation of the second thermostat 80 is executed before the expansion of the expansion member 60 starts.

There is a possibility that the temperature near the hood 40 rises and the first thermostat 70 melts, resulting in a poor insulation state (energized state). However, since the second thermostat 80 is in the open state (fan stop operation state) as described above, the restart of the fan 22 can be prevented, and the delay in expansion of the expansion material 60 caused by the restart of the fan 22 and the above-mentioned Deformation of the frame portion 5a can be reliably prevented.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications can be adopted without departing from the gist thereof.
The inner cover may be shaped like a box to define the air passage by the inner cover alone.
The hood may define part of the air duct.
The flame-shielding means may include a flame-shielding plate, a spring that urges the flame-shielding plate in the closing direction, and a fuse that keeps the flame-shielding plate open. In this configuration, the fuse melts and closes the air passage at abnormally high temperatures.
The fan stopping means does not have to be a thermostat as long as it is an element that opens the fan feeding circuit at an abnormally high temperature.

The present invention can be applied to a ventilation system in which a fan is arranged indoors and a hood is arranged outdoors.

6 Ventilation device 10 Support frame 11 Partition wall 20 Fan unit 22 Fan 22a Suction part 22b Discharge part 40 Hood 41x Opening 50 Inner cover 55 Blower 56 Outlet 60 Inflator (flame shield means)
70 1st thermostat (1st fan stopping means)
80 2nd thermostat (2nd fan stopping means)

Claims (5)

A partition wall that separates indoors and outdoors,
A fan placed on the indoor side of the partition wall and discharging indoor air toward the outside,
A hood placed on the outdoor side of the partition wall facing the fan,
In the ventilation system equipped with
An inner cover defining at least a part of the air passage through which the air discharged from the fan passes is arranged inside the hood, and the air passage has an outlet connected to the outside.
In the air passage, a flame shielding means that operates so as to block the air passage at an abnormally high temperature is arranged.
A first fan stopping means for detecting an abnormally high temperature and stopping the fan is arranged between the inner cover and the hood.
A ventilation device characterized in that a second fan stopping means for detecting an abnormally high temperature and stopping the fan is arranged on the indoor side of the partition wall. The fan stop operating temperature of the first fan stopping means is lower than the closing operating temperature of the flame shielding means, and the fan stopping operating temperature of the second fan stopping means is lower than the fan stopping operating temperature of the first fan stopping means. The ventilation device according to claim 1, wherein the ventilation device is characterized in that. The ventilation device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the first and second fan stopping means include first and second thermostats, respectively. The first thermostat is fixed to the outer surface of the inner cover via the stay and is in contact with the inner surface of the hood, and the second thermostat is fixed in contact with the indoor surface of the partition wall. The ventilation device according to any one of claims 1 to 3. According to any one of claims 1 to 4, the flame-shielding means is made of an expanding material that expands by foaming at an abnormally high temperature, and the expanding material is provided on the inner surface of the air passage in the vicinity of the discharge port. The ventilator described.

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