JP2021004492A - Ceiling structure and method of constructing ceiling structure - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a ceiling structure that facilitates maintenance work while suppressing damage in an earthquake.SOLUTION: The present invention relates to a ceiling structure that comprises: a pair of vertical structural members provided along a vertical direction; a horizontal structural member which is laid horizontally between the pair of vertical structural members; and a ceiling material which is provided below the horizontal structural member with a predetermined dimension apart, wherein the ceiling material has: an external force transmission fixed member which is fixed to the pair of vertical structural members and transmits external force acting on the ceiling material to the vertical structural members; and a ceiling panel which is fixed to the external force transmission fixed member.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

The present invention relates to a ceiling structure and a method of constructing the ceiling structure.

Conventionally, a pedestrian ceiling may be installed on the ceiling of the floor of a production facility such as a factory to allow a worker to walk and perform inspection / maintenance work. Further, equipment piping, ducts, and the like are arranged in a space (so-called attic) formed between the walking ceiling and the upper frame (structure such as a beam). There is known a technique for seismically fixing such a walking ceiling by connecting it to an upper frame using a plurality of braces. For example, in Patent Document 1, in a ceiling base structure (walking ceiling) having metal members 1 and 2 suspended by suspension bolts 3, a predetermined metal member 1 and 2 and an upper end of a predetermined suspension bolt 3 are provided. An invention for improving the seismic performance of a pedestrian ceiling by connecting the portions with an oblique reinforcing member 20 (brace) is disclosed.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2013-36319

In the ceiling structure in which the pedestrian ceiling is fixed by using a large number of braces as in Patent Document 1, the pedestrian ceiling tends to fluctuate as the upper frame (beam) fluctuates when an earthquake occurs. On the other hand, since the amount of fluctuation of columns at the ceiling level of the building (for example, the amount of deformation in the lateral direction) and the amount of fluctuation of the upper frame at the floor level are different, the amount of fluctuation of the pedestrian ceiling and the amount of fluctuation of the columns during an earthquake. There was a risk that the pedestrian ceiling would collide with the pillars and be damaged. In addition, when a large number of braces are attached to the pedestrian ceiling, there is a high possibility that the braces will interfere with the equipment piping and ducts of the building, and it may be difficult to properly arrange the braces and equipment piping. , There was a risk that maintenance work would be difficult.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to realize a ceiling structure in which maintenance work is easy while suppressing damage during an earthquake.

The main invention for achieving the above object is a pair of vertical structural members provided along the vertical direction, a horizontal structural member straddled in the horizontal direction between the pair of vertical structural members, and the like. A ceiling structure including a ceiling material provided below the horizontal structural member at intervals of a predetermined dimension, and the ceiling material is fixed to the pair of vertical structural members and acts on the ceiling material. It is a ceiling structure characterized by having an external force transmission fixing member for transmitting an external force to be transmitted to the vertical structure member and a ceiling panel fixed to the external force transmission fixing member.

Other features of the present invention will be clarified by the description in this specification and the accompanying drawings.

According to the present invention, it is possible to realize a ceiling structure in which maintenance work is easy while suppressing damage during an earthquake.

It is a schematic side view explaining the basic structure of structure 1. FIG. 2A is a plan view illustrating the configuration of the structure 1 at the height SL. FIG. 2B is a plan view illustrating the configuration of the ceiling material 20. It is a figure which shows the AA cross section of FIG. 2B. It is a schematic perspective view explaining the ceiling structure in the conventional structure 100. It is a figure explaining the state of deformation of the structure 100 of the comparative example at the time of the occurrence of an earthquake. It is a figure explaining the state of deformation of the structure 1 of this embodiment at the time of the occurrence of an earthquake. It is a flow chart which shows the installation method of the ceiling material 20. It is a figure explaining the fixing method of the ceiling panel 23 and the external force transmission fixing member 21. It is a figure explaining the fixing member 31. It is a figure explaining the stud bolt 34.

At least the following matters will be clarified by the description of this specification and the accompanying drawings.

Between the pair of vertical structural members provided along the vertical direction and the pair of vertical structural members, the horizontal structural members straddled in the horizontal direction are separated from each other by a predetermined dimension below the horizontal structural members. The ceiling material is fixed to the pair of vertical structural members, and the external force acting on the ceiling material is transmitted to the vertical structural members. A ceiling structure comprising a fixing member and a ceiling panel fixed to the external force transmission fixing member.

According to such a ceiling structure, when an earthquake occurs, the seismic force (external force) acting on the ceiling material (ceiling panel) is first transmitted to the external force transmission fixing member, and then the external force transmission fixing member to the vertical structure member. Can be transmitted to. That is, since the ceiling material, the external force transmission fixing member, and the vertical structural member are integrally deformed, it is difficult for a difference between the deformation amount of the ceiling material and the deformation amount of the vertical structural member to occur, and the ceiling material is vertically deformed by the vibration during an earthquake. It is possible to prevent damage due to collision with structural members. In addition, since it is not necessary to provide a brace for improving earthquake resistance, a large space behind the ceiling can be easily secured, and maintenance and the like can be easily performed.

In such a ceiling structure, the external force transmission fixing member has a vertical surface portion which is a surface along the vertical direction, and the ceiling panel has a horizontal surface portion orthogonal to the vertical surface portion. It is desirable to have a first fixing member for fixing the vertical surface portion and the horizontal surface portion.

According to such a ceiling structure, the ceiling panel and the external force transmission fixing member are firmly fixed, so that an earthquake force such as a horizontal load acting on the ceiling panel in the event of an earthquake is transmitted to the external force transmission fixing member and received. You can have it. This makes the ceiling panel less likely to be damaged by an earthquake.

In such a ceiling structure, the ceiling panel has a predetermined thickness, is embedded in the thickness direction of the ceiling panel, and is fixed to the first fixing member with the side surface portion interposed therebetween. 2 It is desirable to have a fixing member.

According to such a ceiling structure, by fastening the ceiling panel (top plate) between the first fixing member and the second fixing member so as to sandwich the ceiling panel (top plate), the first fixing member can be stably and firmly attached to the ceiling panel. Can be fixed. Therefore, the seismic force can be firmly transmitted from the ceiling panel to the external force transmission fixing member via the first fixing member.

In such a ceiling structure, the ceiling panel is supported by a ceiling reinforcing member suspended at a predetermined position in the vertical direction, so that the installation height in the vertical direction is defined, and the first fixing is performed. The member has a side wall portion that comes into contact with the vertical surface portion, and the side wall portion is provided with a vertically long through hole whose length in the vertical direction is longer than the length in the horizontal direction, and the first fixing is performed. The member is fixed to the external force transmission fixing member by a stud bolt inserted at any position in the vertical direction of the vertically long through hole so that the installation height of the ceiling panel is maintained. Is desirable.

According to such a ceiling structure, even if there is an error in the installation height of the external force transmission fixing member, the position of the stud bolt inserted into the vertically long through hole of the first fixing member can be changed in the vertical direction. By doing so, the mounting position (height) of the first fixing member can be adjusted. Therefore, the first fixing member (and the ceiling panel) can be fixed to the external force transmission fixing member without changing the installation height of the ceiling panel.

It is desirable that the ceiling structure does not have a brace that transmits an external force acting on the ceiling material from the external force transmission fixing member to the horizontal structure member in the lateral direction.

According to such a ceiling structure, it is possible to prevent the space behind the ceiling from being narrowed by the brace. Therefore, it becomes easy to install equipment such as pipes and ducts, and the degree of freedom in design can be increased. In addition, the work space of the worker behind the ceiling becomes wider, which makes it easier to perform maintenance work and the like.

Further, with respect to the pair of vertical structural members provided along the vertical direction and the horizontal structural member bridged in the horizontal direction between the pair of vertical structural members, the horizontal structural member It is a construction method of a ceiling structure in which ceiling materials are provided below by a predetermined dimension, and the ceiling material has an external force transmission fixing member and a ceiling panel, and is located at a predetermined position in the vertical direction. It is characterized by having a ceiling panel installation step of installing the ceiling panel and a ceiling panel fixing step of fixing the ceiling panel to the external force transmission fixing member fixed to the pair of vertical structural members. The construction method of the ceiling structure will be clarified.

According to the construction method of such a ceiling structure, when an earthquake occurs, the seismic force (external force) acting on the ceiling material (ceiling panel) is first transmitted to the external force transmission fixing member, and then from the external force transmission fixing member. It can be transmitted to the vertical structural member. That is, since the ceiling material, the external force transmission fixing member, and the vertical structural member are integrally deformed, it is difficult for a difference between the deformation amount of the ceiling material and the deformation amount of the vertical structural member to occur, and the ceiling material is vertically deformed by the vibration during an earthquake. It is possible to prevent damage due to collision with structural members. Further, since it is not necessary to provide a reinforcing member or the like for enhancing seismic resistance, a large space behind the ceiling can be easily secured, and maintenance and the like can be easily performed.

In the method of constructing the ceiling structure, in the ceiling panel fixing step, the vertical surface portion of the external force transmission fixing member which is a surface along the vertical direction and the vertical surface portion of the ceiling panel. It is desirable that the orthogonal horizontal surface portions are fixed via the first fixing member capable of contacting the vertical surface portion and the horizontal surface portion, respectively.

According to the construction method of such a ceiling structure, the ceiling panel and the external force transmission fixing member are firmly fixed, so that the seismic force such as the horizontal load acting on the ceiling panel in the event of an earthquake is transmitted to the external force transmission fixing member. You can take charge of it. This makes the ceiling panel less likely to be damaged by an earthquake.

In the construction method of such a ceiling structure, the first fixing portion has a side wall portion that abuts on the vertical surface portion, and the vertical length of the side wall portion is larger than that of the horizontal direction. A long vertically long through hole is provided, and the horizontal surface portion of the ceiling panel whose installation height in the vertical direction is defined by being supported by a ceiling reinforcing member suspended at a predetermined position in the vertical direction. After fixing the first fixing member, the first fixing member is inserted at any position in the vertical direction of the vertically long through hole so that the installation height of the ceiling panel is maintained. It is desirable that the fixing member is fixed to the external force transmission fixing member.

According to the construction method of such a ceiling structure, even if there is an error in the installation height of the external force transmission fixing member, the stud bolt inserted into the vertically long through hole of the first fixing member is in the vertical direction. By changing the position, the mounting position (height) of the first fixing member can be adjusted. Therefore, the first fixing member (and the ceiling panel) can be fixed to the external force transmission fixing member without changing the installation height of the ceiling panel.

=== Embodiment ===
<Outline of ceiling structure>
First, an outline of the structure 1 including the ceiling structure in the present embodiment will be described. FIG. 1 is a schematic side view for explaining the basic structure of the structure 1 of the present embodiment. In the present specification, in order to explain the structure 1, each direction is defined as shown below. That is, the direction corresponding to the vertical direction in FIG. 1 is defined as the "Z direction". Further, the direction corresponding to the lateral direction of FIG. 1 and orthogonal to the Z direction is defined as the "X direction". Further, the direction corresponding to the depth direction of FIG. 1 and orthogonal to the Z direction and the X direction is defined as the "Y direction" (see FIG. 2). Although FIG. 1 schematically shows the structure of a certain floor in the structure 1, the structure 1 may have a plurality of floors.

The structure 1 includes a vertical structural member 11 provided along the Z direction (longitudinal direction) and a horizontal structural member 12 bridged in the X direction (horizontal direction) between the pair of vertical structural members 11. The ceiling member 20 is provided below the horizontal structural member 12 at a predetermined dimension apart from the horizontal structural member 12. In the example of FIG. 1, the ceiling member 20 is provided at a position separated by LC below the height SL of the top end of the horizontal structural member 12 in the Z direction. The vertical structural member 11 is a member corresponding to the "pillar" of the structure 1, and the horizontal structural member 12 is a member corresponding to the "beam". Further, the ceiling material 20 has an external force transmission fixing member 21, a ceiling reinforcing member 22, and a ceiling panel 23 (see FIG. 2B).

The structure 1 is a structure having a so-called rigid frame structure formed by rigidly joining the vertical structural member 11 and the horizontal structural member 12. Further, in the present embodiment, the external force transmission fixing member 21 and the vertical structure member 11 are also joined.

FIG. 2A is a plan view illustrating the configuration of the structure 1 at the height SL. FIG. 2B is a plan view at a position separated by LC below the height SL of the structure 1, and is a plan view for explaining the configuration of the ceiling member 20. Both FIGS. 2A and 2B are plan views showing a state viewed from above in the Z direction, and correspond to a so-called plan view. Further, FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a cross section taken along the line AA of FIG. 2B.

As shown in FIG. 2A, the structure 1 of the present embodiment has vertical structural members 11 at four corners in the X direction and the Y direction, respectively. A horizontal structural member 12 is bridged between the pair of vertical structural members 11 in the X direction. Further, a plurality of beam members 13, 13 ... Are provided at intervals in the X direction between the pair of vertical structural members 11, 11 and the pair of horizontal structural members 12, 12 in the Y direction. Further, if necessary, a grandchild beam member 14 may be provided between the beam members 13 and 13 in the X direction, or a brace 15 may be provided.

On the other hand, at the level of the ceiling material 20 (height lower than the height SL by LC by LC), as shown in FIG. 2B, an external force transmission fixing member 21 is provided between the pair of vertical structural members 11 and 11 in the X direction. Has been done. Then, a ceiling reinforcing member 22 along the X direction is provided in parallel with the external force transmission fixing member 21, and the flat ceiling panel 23 is supported by the ceiling reinforcing member 22.

The external force transmission fixing member 21 is a structural steel material (structural member) that contributes to the seismic resistance of the structure 1 together with the vertical structural member 11 and the horizontal structural member 12, and as described above, at both ends in the X direction, respectively. It is rigidly joined to the vertical structural member 11. As the external force transmission fixing member 21, for example, a square steel pipe can be used (see FIG. 3).

As shown in FIGS. 2B and 3, the ceiling reinforcing member 22 is suspended from above by using a hanging tool such as a hanging bolt 41 at a plurality of places in the X direction, so that the ceiling reinforcing member 22 is predetermined in the Z direction (vertical direction). It is a member that is installed at a position (height) and supports the ceiling panel 23 at that height. As the ceiling reinforcing member 22, for example, channel steel (C channel) can be used (see FIG. 3). In the present embodiment, the upper end portion of the suspension bolt 41 in the Z direction is fixed to the beam member 13 or the like provided at the height SL (not shown in FIG. 3), and the lower end portion of the suspension bolt 41 in the Z direction is It is fixed to the ceiling reinforcing member 22. As a result, the installation position of the ceiling reinforcing member 22 in the Z direction can be adjusted to a predetermined height. That is, the ceiling height of the floor (so-called Ceiling Height) is defined.

The ceiling panel 23 is a plate-shaped member that constitutes the ceiling surface of the structure 1. The ceiling panel 23 has an upper surface plate 231 provided on one end side in the thickness direction (upper side in the Z direction) and a lower surface plate 232 provided on the other end side (lower side in the Z direction) in the thickness direction. It is composed of a resin layer 233 such as urethane filled between the face plate 231 and the bottom plate 232, and has a predetermined thickness in the thickness direction (see FIG. 3). Then, the upper surface plate 231 and the lower end portion of the ceiling reinforcing member 22 are in contact with each other and are fixed by the fixing member 42 to be supported by the ceiling reinforcing member 22. That is, the position of the ceiling panel 23 in the Z direction (that is, the ceiling height) is defined. Further, in the present embodiment, the ceiling panel 23 is also fixed to the external force transmission fixing member 21 via the fixing member 31. Therefore, when an earthquake occurs, external forces such as seismic forces acting on the ceiling panel 23 (for example, horizontal loads) can be transmitted to and handled by the external force transmission fixing member 21 which is an earthquake-resistant structural material. Good seismic resistance can be achieved. The details of the method of fixing the ceiling panel 23 to the external force transmission fixing member 21 will be described later.

<About the earthquake resistance of the ceiling structure>
The seismic resistance of the ceiling structure in this embodiment will be specifically described in comparison with the ceiling structure in the conventional structure. FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view illustrating the ceiling structure of the conventional structure 100 as a comparative example.

The structure 100 of the comparative example has a ceiling reinforcing member 122 and a ceiling panel 123 as the ceiling material 120. The ceiling reinforcing member 122 and the ceiling panel 123 are members corresponding to the ceiling reinforcing member 22 and the ceiling panel 23 of the structure 1 according to the present embodiment, respectively. On the other hand, the ceiling material 120 of the comparative example does not include a member corresponding to the external force transmission fixing member 21 of the present embodiment. That is, in the ceiling structure of the comparative example, the ceiling panel 123 is not fixed to the structural member corresponding to the external force transmission fixing member 21.

As shown in FIG. 4, the ceiling reinforcing member 122 of the comparative example is arranged at a predetermined position (height) in the Z direction (vertical direction) by being suspended from the hanging bolt 141. Then, the ceiling panel 123 is joined and fixed by the fixing member 142 to the ceiling reinforcing member 122 in the suspended state. That is, the ceiling panel 123 is supported by the hanging bolts 141 and the ceiling reinforcing member 122 so as to be suspended at a predetermined position in the Z direction, as in the ceiling structure of the present embodiment.

On the other hand, in the ceiling structure of the comparative example, it is necessary to provide a reinforcing member such as a brace 150 extending diagonally upward from the ceiling reinforcing member 122 in order to bear the seismic force at the time of an earthquake. In the example of FIG. 4, one end side (lower end side) in the longitudinal direction of the brace 150 is joined to the ceiling reinforcing member 122, and the other end side (upper end side) in the longitudinal direction is a structural member (for example,) arranged upward in the Z direction. , A member corresponding to the horizontal structural member 12 and the beam member 13 in FIG. 2A, which is not shown in FIG. 4). By providing the brace 150, for example, when an earthquake occurs, the vibration (seismic force) acting in the X direction of the ceiling panel 123 can be transmitted to the upper structural member via the brace 150. Become. As a result, the seismic resistance of the ceiling panel 123, which is supported in a state of being suspended from above, can be improved.

However, in the ceiling structure of such a comparative example, the following problems may occur when an earthquake occurs. FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a state of deformation of the structure 100 of the comparative example at the time of an earthquake. FIG. 5A shows the structure 100 in normal times (when no earthquake occurs), and FIG. 5B shows the structure 100 when an earthquake occurs.

As shown in FIG. 5A, the structure 100 according to the comparative example is a structure in which the horizontal structural members 112 are rigidly joined between the pair of vertical structural members 111 and 111. Then, the ceiling material 120 (ceiling panel 123) is suspended from above by the hanging bolts 141, and the horizontal structural members 112 and the like are formed by the plurality of braces 150 provided diagonally at a predetermined angle with respect to the X direction. The superstructure member and the ceiling material 120 are fixed.

Further, in FIG. 5A, the intersection of the vertical structural member 111 arranged on the left side in the X direction and the horizontal structural member 112 is P1l, and the vertical structural member 111 arranged on the right side in the X direction and the horizontal structural member 112 Let P1r be the intersection. Similarly, the intersection of the vertical structural member 111 arranged on the left side and the line extending the ceiling material 120 (ceiling panel 123) in the X direction is P2l, and the vertical structural member 111 arranged on the right side and the ceiling material 120 Let P2r be the intersection with the line extending the (ceiling panel 123) in the X direction. At this time, the positions of P1l and P2l in the X direction are set to X0. Further, the left end of the ceiling material 120 (ceiling panel 123) in the X direction is Q2l, and the right end is Q2r. As described above, in the comparative example, the ceiling material 120 (ceiling panel 123) and the vertical structural member 111 are not rigidly joined. That is, P2l and Q2l are not joined.

When an earthquake occurs in this state, the structure 100 according to the comparative example is deformed as shown in FIG. 5B. Specifically, when a horizontal load due to an earthquake acts, the vertical structural member 111 is deformed so as to be tilted diagonally, P1l moves to the position of X1 separated from X0 by a distance Δ1 in the X direction, and P2l is a distance from X0. It moves to the position of X2 separated by Δ2. That is, the amount of deformation of P1l in the X direction is Δ1, and the amount of deformation of P2l in the X direction is Δ2, which is smaller than Δ1 (Δ1> Δ2). Similarly, P1r moves by Δ1 in the X direction, and P2r moves by Δ2 in the X direction.

On the other hand, the left end Q2l of the ceiling material 120 (ceiling panel 123) moves to the position of X1 separated from X0 by a distance Δ1 like P1l. That is, the amount of deformation of Q2l in the X direction is Δ1. This is because the ceiling material 120 moves integrally with the horizontal structural member 112 fixed by the brace 150, and the ceiling material 120 and the vertical structural member 111 move independently. Therefore, the ceiling member 120 moves away from the left vertical structural member 111 as shown in FIG. 5B. When the ceiling material 120 and the vertical structural member 111 are largely separated from each other, it is necessary to take measures such as installing an expansion joint between the ceiling material 120 and the vertical structural member 111 to ensure airtightness. There is a possibility of becoming. Strictly speaking, the position of P1l (X1) and the position of Q2l (X1) in the X direction do not always completely overlap, but for convenience of explanation, the positions of both in the X direction overlap as shown in FIG. 5B. It shall be.

Further, the amount of deformation of the right end Q2r of the ceiling material 120 (ceiling panel 123) in the X direction is Δ1 as in the case of the left end Q2l. On the other hand, the amount of deformation of P2r of the right vertical structural member 111 in the X direction is Δ2 (Δ1> Δ2). That is, the deformation amount Δ1 of the ceiling material 120 (ceiling panel 123) in the X direction is larger than the deformation amount Δ2 of the vertical structural member 111 in the X direction. In this case, the ceiling material 120 may collide with the vertical structural member 111 and both may be damaged (see FIG. 5B).

Further, in the conventional structure 100, since a plurality of braces 150 are provided between the ceiling material 120 and the horizontal structural member 112 (see FIG. 5A), between the ceiling material 120 and the horizontal structural member 112. There was a problem that the space (so-called attic) was narrowed. The space behind the ceiling is a space in which equipment such as pipes and ducts are arranged, and is also a space in which an operator performs work when performing maintenance on the equipment. Therefore, when a large number of braces 150 are arranged, there is a problem that it is difficult to freely arrange pipes, ducts, and the like, and it is difficult to secure a work space for an operator.

On the other hand, in the structure 1 of the present embodiment, it is possible to realize a ceiling structure in which maintenance work by an operator is easy while suppressing damage at the time of an earthquake. FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a state of deformation of the structure 1 of the present embodiment at the time of an earthquake. FIG. 6A shows the structure 1 in normal times (when no earthquake occurs), and FIG. 6B shows the structure 1 when an earthquake occurs. As described above, in the structure 1, the horizontal structural member 12 is rigidly joined between the pair of vertical structural members 11 and 11. Further, of the ceiling material 20, the external force transmission fixing member 21 is rigidly joined to the vertical structure member 11, and the ceiling panel 23 is fixed to the external force transmission fixing member 21.

Further, in FIG. 6A, the intersection of the vertical structural member 11 arranged on the left side in the X direction and the horizontal structural member 12 is S1l, and the intersection of the vertical structural member 11 arranged on the right side in the X direction and the horizontal structural member 12 is the intersection. Is S1r. Similarly, the intersection of the vertical structural member 11 arranged on the left side and the ceiling member 20 (external force transmission fixing member 21) is S2l, and the vertical structural member 11 and the ceiling material 20 (external force transmission fixing member 21) arranged on the right side Let S2r be the intersection of. Then, the left end of the ceiling material 20 (ceiling panel 23) in the X direction is T2l, and the right end is T2r. In the structure 1, since the ceiling member 20 (external force transmission fixing member 21) and the vertical structure member 11 are joined, S2l and T2l are integrated, and S2r and T2r are integrated.

When an earthquake occurs in this state, the structure 1 according to the present embodiment is deformed as shown in FIG. 6B. When a horizontal load due to an earthquake acts, the vertical structural member 11 is deformed so as to be tilted diagonally, S1l moves to the position of X1 separated from X0 by a distance Δ1 and S2l is separated from X0 by a distance Δ2. Move to the position of X2. Similarly, S1r moves by Δ1 in the X direction, and S2r moves by Δ2 in the X direction. Then, both side ends T2l and T2r of the ceiling material 20 in the X direction move integrally with S2l and S2r by Δ2 in the X direction, respectively. That is, at the same position (height) in the Z direction, the amount of deformation (Δ2) of the ceiling material 20 (ceiling panel 23) in the X direction is equal to the amount of deformation (Δ2) of the vertical structural member 11 in the X direction.

Therefore, in the structure 1 of the present embodiment, when an earthquake occurs, it is suppressed that the X-direction end portion of the ceiling material 20 and the vertical structural member 11 collide with each other, and the ceiling panel 23 and the vertical structural member 11 are prevented from colliding with each other. Can be made difficult to damage. Further, since the X-direction end portion of the ceiling member 20 is prevented from being separated from the vertical structural member 11, it is possible to save the trouble of separately installing an expansion joint (not shown) at the separated portion.

Further, in the ceiling structure of the structure 1 of the present embodiment, when an earthquake occurs, the seismic force (external force) acting on the ceiling material 20 (ceiling panel 23) is first transmitted to the external force transmission fixing member 21, and then the external force transmission fixing is further performed. The structure is such that the member 21 transmits the signal to the vertical structural member 11. That is, the seismic force can be borne by the external force transmission fixing member 21 and the vertical structure member 11. Therefore, as in the structure 100 of the comparative example, it is necessary to provide a plurality of braces (members corresponding to the braces 150 in FIG. 5A) for transmitting seismic force from the ceiling member 20 to the external force transmission fixing member 21 at least in the X direction. Sufficient seismic resistance can be obtained without the need for braces. Therefore, the space behind the ceiling can be widely used, and it becomes easy to lay pipes and ducts. That is, the degree of freedom in equipment design is increased. In addition, since the work space of the worker is widened, it becomes easy to perform maintenance work behind the ceiling.

<About the construction method of the ceiling structure>
Subsequently, the construction method of the ceiling structure of the present embodiment will be described. Assuming that the vertical structural member 11 and the horizontal structural member 12 are rigidly joined in advance, the method of installing the ceiling member 20 will be mainly described here. FIG. 7 is a flow chart showing a method of installing the ceiling material 20.

First, an external force transmission fixing member attachment step of joining and attaching the external force transmission fixing member 21 between the pair of vertical structural members 11 and 11 is performed (S101). In the external force transmission fixing member attaching step, as described above, both ends of the external force transmission fixing member 21 in the X direction are joined to the vertical structural members 11 and 11 by using a known joining means such as welding. The external force transmission fixing member attachment step may be performed at the same time as the work of assembling the vertical structural member 11 and the horizontal structural member 12. That is, it may be performed as a steel frame work prior to the installation work of the ceiling material 20.

Next, a ceiling panel installation step of installing the ceiling panel 23 at a predetermined position (height) in the Z direction (vertical direction) is performed (S102). In the ceiling panel installation step, as described above, the ceiling reinforcing member 22 is suspended at a predetermined position (height) in the Z direction (vertical direction) by using the suspension bolt 41. A commercially available suspension bolt can be used as the suspension bolt 41, and the installation height of the ceiling reinforcing member 22 can be freely adjusted. Then, the ceiling panel 23 is attached and fixed to the lower end of the ceiling reinforcing member 22 whose height has been adjusted by using the fixing member 42 (see FIG. 3). As a result, the ceiling panel 23 is installed at a predetermined location in the Z direction.

Next, a ceiling panel fixing step of fixing the ceiling panel 23 to the external force transmission fixing member 21 is performed (S103). FIG. 8 is a diagram for explaining a method of fixing the ceiling panel 23 and the external force transmission fixing member 21, and is an enlarged view of the area B in FIG. FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating a fixing member 31 (first fixing member). FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating the stud bolt 34.

The ceiling panel 23 and the external force transmission fixing member 21 are fixed by using the fixing member 31 (first fixing member). The fixing member 31 is composed of a metal plate-shaped member, and as shown in FIG. 9, the bottom surface portion 311 which is a horizontal plane and one end of the bottom surface portion 311 (the left end in the Y direction in FIG. 9) are along the Z direction. As described above, it is a surface extending vertically upward, and has a side wall portion 312 perpendicular to the bottom surface portion 311 and a reinforcing rib 313 for reinforcing the bottom surface portion 311 and the side wall portion 312. Further, the bottom surface portion 311 is provided with a through hole 315 for inserting the fixing bolt 33. Further, the side wall portion 312 is provided with a vertically long through hole 316 for inserting the stud bolt 34. The vertically long through hole 316 is a vertically long through hole whose length L316 in the vertical direction (Z direction in FIG. 9) is longer than the length W316 in the horizontal direction (X direction in FIG. 9).

In the ceiling panel fixing step, first, the fixing member 31 (first fixing member) is fixed to the ceiling panel 23. Specifically, among the surfaces along the lateral direction of the ceiling panel 23, the lower side surface of the bottom surface portion 311 of the fixing member 31 is attached to the upper side surface of the upper surface plate 231 (horizontal surface portion) arranged on the upper side in the Z direction. The two are brought into contact with each other and fastened with a fixing bolt 33 (see FIG. 8).

At this time, it is preferable to provide the second fixing member 32 on the lower surface side of the upper surface plate 231 (horizontal surface portion) (that is, the surface opposite to the surface with which the fixing member 31 abuts). The second fixing member 32 is a metal plate-shaped member having a flat surface capable of contacting the upper surface plate 231, and as shown in FIG. 8, the inside of the ceiling panel 23 in the thickness direction (resin layer in FIG. 8). It is buried in 233). Then, the top plate 231 is sandwiched between the bottom surface portion 311 of the fixing member 31 (first fixing member) and the second fixing member 32 in the thickness direction (Z direction), and is fixed by the fixing bolts 33. That is, the second fixing member 32 has a function as a washer that reinforces the upper surface plate 231 of the ceiling panel 23 from the back side.

In the ceiling structure of the present embodiment, seismic resistance is improved by transmitting the seismic force generated when an earthquake occurs from the ceiling panel 23 to the external force transmission fixing member 21 and the vertical structure member 11. Therefore, if the ceiling panel 23 and the external force transmission fixing member 21 are not firmly fixed, the seismic force cannot be transmitted and there is a possibility that the ceiling panel 23 may be damaged. On the other hand, in the present embodiment, the fixing member 31 (first fixing member) and the second fixing member 32 sandwich the upper surface plate 231 and fasten the fixing member 31 (first fixing member) to the ceiling panel 23. 1 Fixing member) can be fixed stably and firmly. Therefore, the seismic force can be firmly transmitted from the ceiling panel 23 to the external force transmission fixing member 21 via the fixing member 31.

After the bottom surface portion 311 of the fixing member 31 is fixed to the ceiling panel 23, the side wall portion 312 of the fixing member 31 is fixed to the external force transmission fixing member 21. As shown in FIG. 8, assuming that the surface of the external force transmission fixing member 21 along the Z direction (vertical direction) is the vertical surface portion 211, the side wall portion 312 of the fixing member 31 is brought into contact with the vertical surface portion 211. Both are fixed using stud bolts 34.

In the fixing member 31 of the present embodiment, the through hole for inserting the stud bolt 34 is a vertically long through hole 316 that is long in the Z direction (vertical direction). Then, by inserting the stud bolt 34 at any position in the Z direction of the vertically long through hole 316, the height at which the fixing member 31 is fixed to the external force transmission fixing member 21 can be adjusted.

As described above, the ceiling panel 23 (ceiling reinforcing member 22) is suspended at a predetermined position (height) in the Z direction (vertical direction) by the suspension bolt 41. That is, the installation height of the ceiling panel 23 is accurately defined. In the example of FIG. 8, the ceiling panel 23 is installed at a position separated by LC below the height SL of the top end of the horizontal structural member 12. On the other hand, the external force transmission fixing member 21 is rigidly joined to the vertical structure member 11, but due to the accuracy of the steel frame construction, the height of the external force transmission fixing member 21 in the Z direction has a certain degree of error (for example, about ± 10 mm). appear. That is, the distance L21 between the upper end of the external force transmission fixing member 21 and the ceiling panel 23 has a certain fluctuation range in the Z direction (vertical). Therefore, a vertically long through hole 316 is provided in the fixing member 31 (side wall portion 312) so that the height L34 into which the stud bolt 34 is inserted can be adjusted in the Z direction (vertical direction). In this way, the fixing member 31 can be accurately attached to the external force transmission fixing member 21 while maintaining the installation height of the ceiling panel 23.

As shown in FIG. 10, the stud bolt 34 has a screw-in portion 341 provided on one side (tip side) in the axial direction and a mounting portion 342 provided on the other side (rear end side). .. When attaching the stud bolt 34, the tip of the screwed portion 341 is driven into a steel plate (here, the vertical surface portion 211 of the external force transmission fixing member 21) and screwed in as it is. As a result, the stud bolt 34 can be fixed at a predetermined position without performing welding or the like. After that, an external force is applied to the side wall portion 312 of the fixing member 31 by passing (inserting) the stud bolt 34 protruding from the vertical surface portion 211 at any position in the Z direction (vertical direction) of the vertically long through hole 316 of the fixing member 31. The transmission fixing member 21 is brought into contact with the vertical surface portion 211. Then, by tightening the nut 35 into the mounting portion 342 of the stud bolt 34, the external force transmission fixing member 21 and the fixing member 31 are tightly connected.

By going through the steps S101 to S103, the ceiling panel 23 can be fixed to the external force transmission fixing member 21 without changing the installation height of the ceiling panel 23. Further, in the ceiling structure of the present embodiment, the number of braces installed to ensure the seismic resistance of the ceiling panel 23 can be significantly reduced as compared with the conventional building. Therefore, it is possible to realize a ceiling structure that facilitates maintenance work while suppressing damage during an earthquake.

=== Other embodiments ===
The above embodiment is for facilitating the understanding of the present invention, and is not for limiting the interpretation of the present invention. It goes without saying that the present invention can be modified and improved without departing from the spirit thereof, and the present invention includes an equivalent thereof.

In the above-described embodiment, the square steel pipe is used as the external force transmission fixing member 21, but it can be fixed to the ceiling panel 23, and the seismic force transmitted from the ceiling panel 23 can be transmitted to the vertical structural member 11. If there is, a structural member other than the square steel pipe may be used.

1 structure,
11 vertical structural members, 12 horizontal structural members, 13 beam members, 14 grandchild beam members,
20 Ceiling material,
21 External force transmission fixing member, 211 Vertical surface part, 22 Ceiling reinforcement member,
23 Ceiling panel, 231 Top plate (horizontal surface part), 232 Bottom plate,
233 resin layer,
31 Fixing member (first fixing member),
311 Bottom, 312 Side, 313 Reinforcing Ribs, 315 Through Holes,
316 vertical through hole,
32 Second fixing member,
33 fixing bolt,
34 stud bolt, 341 screwed part, 342 mounting part,
35 nuts,
41 hanging bolts, 42 fixing members,
100 structure (comparative example),
111 vertical structural members, 112 horizontal structural members,
120 ceiling material,
122 Ceiling reinforcements, 123 Ceiling panels,
141 hanging bolts, 142 fixing members,
150 braces,

Claims (8)

A pair of vertical structural members provided along the vertical direction,
Between the pair of vertical structural members, a horizontal structural member bridged in the horizontal direction and
A ceiling material provided below the horizontal structural member at a predetermined dimension,
It is a ceiling structure equipped with
The ceiling material is
An external force transmission fixing member fixed to the pair of vertical structural members and transmitting an external force acting on the ceiling material to the vertical structural member.
The ceiling panel fixed to the external force transmission fixing member and
The ceiling structure is characterized by having. The ceiling structure according to claim 1.
The external force transmission fixing member has a vertical surface portion that is a surface along the vertical direction.
The ceiling panel has a horizontal surface portion orthogonal to the vertical surface portion and has a horizontal surface portion.
A ceiling structure characterized by having a first fixing member for fixing the vertical surface portion and the horizontal surface portion. The ceiling structure according to claim 2.
The ceiling panel has a predetermined thickness and has a predetermined thickness.
A ceiling structure characterized by having a second fixing member embedded in the thickness direction of the ceiling panel and fixed to the first fixing member across the lateral surface portion. The ceiling structure according to claim 2 or 3.
The ceiling panel is supported by a ceiling reinforcing member suspended at a predetermined position in the vertical direction, so that the installation height in the vertical direction is defined.
The first fixing member has a side wall portion that comes into contact with the vertical surface portion, and has a side wall portion.
The side wall portion is provided with a vertically long through hole having a length in the vertical direction longer than the length in the horizontal direction.
The first fixing member is fixed to the external force transmission fixing member by a stud bolt inserted at any position in the vertical direction of the vertically long through hole so that the installation height of the ceiling panel is maintained. The ceiling structure is characterized by being. The ceiling structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
The ceiling structure is characterized in that it does not have a brace that transmits an external force acting on the ceiling material from the external force transmission fixing member to the horizontal structure member in the lateral direction. With respect to a pair of vertical structural members provided along the vertical direction and a horizontal structural member bridged in the horizontal direction between the pair of vertical structural members.
It is a construction method of a ceiling structure in which a ceiling material is provided below a horizontal structural member at a predetermined dimension.
The ceiling material has an external force transmission fixing member and a ceiling panel.
The ceiling panel installation process of installing the ceiling panel at a predetermined position in the vertical direction, and
A ceiling panel fixing step of fixing the ceiling panel to the external force transmission fixing member fixed to the pair of vertical structural members,
A method of constructing a ceiling structure, which is characterized by having. The method for constructing a ceiling structure according to claim 6.
In the ceiling panel fixing process
Among the external force transmission fixing members, a vertical surface portion that is a surface along the vertical direction and
Of the ceiling panel, the horizontal surface portion orthogonal to the vertical surface portion is
A method for constructing a ceiling structure, characterized in that the vertical surface portion and the horizontal surface portion are fixed via a first fixing member that can be brought into contact with each other. The method for constructing a ceiling structure according to claim 7.
The first fixing portion has a side wall portion that comes into contact with the vertical surface portion, and has a side wall portion.
The side wall portion is provided with a vertically long through hole having a length in the vertical direction longer than the length in the horizontal direction.
After fixing the first fixing member to the lateral surface portion of the ceiling panel whose installation height in the vertical direction is defined by being supported by the ceiling reinforcing member suspended at a predetermined position in the vertical direction. ,
The first fixing member is fixed to the external force transmission fixing member by a stud bolt inserted at any position in the vertical direction of the vertically long through hole so that the installation height of the ceiling panel is maintained. A method of constructing a ceiling structure, which is characterized by the fact that

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