JP2020535941A - Modular defibrillator architecture - Google Patents

Abstract

It describes several defibrillators, defibrillator architectures, defibrillator components, and how to operate a defibrillator. In one aspect, a modular defibrillator architecture is described. The base unit provides a fully functional defibrillator. The functions of the base unit can be complemented by attaching an interface unit to the base unit or connecting a smartphone to the base unit. Such devices provide connectivity and screens for displaying auxiliary graphics and / or videos that help support both emergency and maintenance and surveillance activities. In some embodiments, the battery pack may, likewise, or as an alternative, be coupled to the base unit to extend the storage life of the unit before the unit's battery needs to be recharged or replaced. If desired, the base unit may be powered by a connected external device, such as a mobile communication device.

Description

The present disclosure generally relates to modular defibrillators, and many of the inventions described herein are particularly applicable to automated external defibrillators (AEDs).

Sudden cardiac arrest is one of the leading causes of death. In the United States alone, about 350,000 people die each year from sudden cardiac arrest. It is the leading cause of death for people over the age of 40 and the leading cause of death for student athletes. The most effective treatment for sudden cardiac arrest is the use of CPR in combination with defibrillation. An automatic external defibrillator (AED) automatically checks for life-threatening heart rhythms associated with sudden cardiac arrest and gives an electric shock to the heart if shockable heart rhythms are detected. It is a portable device designed to send out and restore normal rhythm. The two most common conditions treated by AEDs are pulseless ventricular tachycardia (also known as VT or V-Tach) and ventricular fibrillation (VF or V-Fib). AEDs are usually designed for use by laymen in the absence of specialized healthcare professionals.

Considering its life-saving potential, automated external defibrillators have been deployed in a relatively large area of public and private areas so that they can be used in the event of cardiac arrest by a nearby person. It has become. As an example, AEDs can be found in businesses and government offices, shopping centers, airports, planes, restaurants, casinos, hotels, sports stadiums, schools, fitness centers, and various other places where people gather. Although the availability of AEDs is increasing year by year, their relatively high costs tend to limit placement and use AEDs in many places, including schools, sports venues, and other places where people gather. Can't. In addition, while many AEDs are considered "portable," most commercially available portable automatic external defibrillators are bulky, heavy, and by non-trained healthcare professionals. It is rarely carried. Therefore, there are many times, places, and events in which AEDs are not available when a cardiac arrest incident occurs. Even if the AED is nearby when a sudden cardiac arrest incident occurs, the device is for bystanders who are unknown or unwilling to use an unfamiliar device to deal with an unfamiliar medical situation. AEDs are often not used because they look intimidating.

While existing AEDs are working well, efforts are underway to develop AEDs with properties that are likely to expand the deployment and availability of automated external defibrillators.

Several modular defibrillator architectures, defibrillators, base defibrillator units, defibrillator interface units, defibrillator components, defibrillator operating methods, and defibrillator controls The application is described. In one aspect, a modular defibrillator system that includes a fully functional base defibrillator unit is described. The interface unit can optionally be attached to and / or detachably coupled to the base defibrillator unit. In some embodiments, the interface unit has no substantive function other than working in conjunction with the defibrillator, but is required for the defibrillator to operate properly. is not.

In another aspect, an interface unit is provided that includes a connection module that facilitates wireless communication with a remote server. The interface unit receives status information from the base defibrillator and forwards relevant information to a remote server to (a) communicate information to emergency responders or healthcare professionals during an emergency incident. Facilitates and / or facilitates regular maintenance and monitoring of the device. In some embodiments, the interface unit can also be used to facilitate delivery of software upgrades to the base defibrillator unit.

In another aspect, the defibrillator transmits voice instructions to the user while the defibrillator is in use, delivering information to the interface unit and / or another external device (such as a mobile phone or other mobile communication device). It may be configured to transmit and facilitate the display of graphical user instructions on the interface unit / external device synchronized with the voice instructions provided by the defibrillator. Such features can be used in both emergency and non-emergency applications.

In some embodiments, the defibrillator provides at least one of the defibrillator state information and instructions to the interface unit and / or an external device to synchronize graphic instructions on such a device. It is configured to facilitate the displayed display. In some embodiments, the defibrillator state information or instructions are updated periodically to ensure that the graphic instructions on the external device are synchronized with the voice instructions provided by the defibrillator. To support. In some embodiments, the interface unit and / or external device is configured to stop displaying synchronized graphic instructions if no updates are received from the defibrillator for a period of time that exceeds a specified timeout threshold. ing. In some embodiments, the defibrillator state information or instructions are to help ensure that the graphic instructions on the external device are synchronized with the voice instructions provided by the defibrillator. , Updated at least 3 times per second.

In some embodiments, one or more defibrillator support applications run on mobile communication devices and / or interface units to control such devices and collaborate with the base defibrillator unit. It is configured to work and function.

In another aspect, the base defibrillator unit may be configured not to utilize control instructions from an attached interface unit or other connected external device during emergency use of the defibrillator. To help facilitate this, interface units and defibrillator support applications may be configured not to send instructions or other information to the defibrillator during emergency use of the defibrillator. .. Conversely, the defibrillator may be configured to transmit information to the attached interface unit and / or connected external device during emergency use of the defibrillator.

In yet another aspect, the defibrillator comprises a pair of connectors. The first connector is arranged to electrically couple the interface unit to the defibrillator when the interface unit is physically attached to the defibrillator. The second connector is arranged to electrically couple another external device to the defibrillator. In some embodiments, the defibrillator controller facilitates communication with the interface unit when the interface unit is physically attached to the defibrillator, and an external device is connected to the defibrillator. It is configured to facilitate communication with external devices when In some embodiments, one or both of the connectors are suitable for receiving power and / or facilitating communication with the correspondingly attached device.

In yet another aspect, the defibrillator comprises a battery charger (or more generally a charge management module). The battery charger is configured to charge / recharge the internal battery of the defibrillator using power drawn from one or more external devices. In some embodiments, the defibrillator also includes a bypass circuit. The bypass circuit allows the power received from the external device in parallel with or in place of the power from the battery when the external device is connected to the defibrillator while charging the capacitor unit. It is configured to supply to the capacitor charging circuit to facilitate charging of the defibrillator shock discharge capacitor unit.

In some embodiments, the defibrillator battery charger, and bypass circuit, are both electrically coupled to and via a connector suitable for coupling the defibrillator to an external device. Facilitates the reception of power from external devices. In some embodiments, an inductive charging receptor can be used to receive power from an external device.

In some embodiments, the interface unit is configured to receive self-test information from the base defibrillator unit and report the self-test information to a remote server.

In some embodiments, the interface unit comprises a GNSS sensor. Such an interface unit can use GNSS sensors to determine the location of the defibrillator system and report that location to a remote server.

In some embodiments, the interface unit comprises a rechargeable battery and the defibrillator is coupled to the charger without drawing power from the defibrillator battery. The interface unit battery is configured to allow it to be recharged at a selected time. In some embodiments, the interface unit does not draw power from the defibrillator during operation of the defibrillator.

In yet another aspect, the auxiliary battery pack can be attached to and detachably coupled to the base defibrillator unit. In such an embodiment, the defibrillator battery charger is configured to use power from the auxiliary battery pack to recharge the defibrillator battery.

Corresponding methods are also explained. For example, in one method aspect, the defibrillator produces voice instructions during emergency use of the automatic external defibrillator. Information indicating a voice instruction is transmitted from the automatic external defibrillator to an external device having a display screen. The external device then displays the graphic instructions associated with the voice instructions on the display screen during the period associated with the voice instructions. These steps are repeated for a number of different voice instructions so that the external device displays graphic instructions synchronized with the voice instructions generated by the defibrillator during emergency use of the defibrillator.

In another method, the interface unit attached to the base defibrillator unit periodically receives status information from the base defibrillator unit and transfers the received status information to one or more remote servers. Send. In some embodiments, such status checks are repeated once daily. Various information can be sent as part of the status check. As an example, the status check includes battery charge level, charge status, installed firmware version, latest firmware installation date and time, hardware version, serial number, recent set of self-test results, base unit functional status, And / or may indicate one or more of various other status information.

In another method, the interface unit may receive incident information from the base defibrillator unit during emergency use of the base defibrillator unit. Some or all of the incident information may be sent to one or more remote servers for use by emergency responders and / or healthcare professionals. Some of the incident information can also be used by the responder as needed or made available for display on the interface unit itself to provide graphic instructions to the responder. As an example, incident information includes the operating status of the base unit, the current indications that the base defibrillator unit is currently issuing to the user, and the time stamp that indicates when the base defibrillator unit was in emergency mode. , An indicator of whether a defibrillator shock was delivered, and if a defibrillator shock was delivered, a time stamp indicating the time each defibrillator shock was delivered, and the energy level delivered for each shock. , The waveform associated with each shock delivered, the shock / no shock classification of the detected ECG analysis, the heart rhythm classification of the detected ECG analysis, the time stamp or equivalent associated with the detected ECG analysis, one or the other. It may include multiple recorded ECG samples, reports of defects detected during the boot of the base defibrillator unit, and / or various other incident information.

In yet another aspect, a method of managing the power received by the defibrillator unit from one or more external devices electrically connected to the defibrillator unit is described. In some embodiments, the defibrillator battery may be opportunistically charged using the power provided by the connected external device. In some embodiments, when the defibrillator unit is determined to be in a capacitor charged state, power is drawn from an external device to charge the capacitor unit or assist in charging the capacitor unit. In various embodiments, the connected external device is mounted on a mobile communication device, a defibrillator, and an attached auxiliary battery pack, or a form of an interface unit mounted and mounted on a defibrillator unit. It can be taken.

In some embodiments, if the defibrillator unit is not in a capacitor-charged state and it is determined that the rechargeable battery of the defibrillator unit does not require recharging, it is attached to the defibrillator. The rechargeable battery on the interface unit can be recharged.

In another aspect, a defibrillator support application suitable for use with an interface unit or an external device such as a mobile phone or other mobile communication device is described. A defibrillator support application may have programmed instructions that are configured to control an interface unit or other external device to perform the functions and methods described herein.

The present invention and its advantages will be best understood by reference to the following description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
It is the schematic of the component of the modular automatic external defibrillator by one Embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the interface unit attached to the base defibrillator unit. FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a mobile communication device connected to a base defibrillator unit. It is a perspective view of a typical base defibrillator unit. It is a top view of a typical base defibrillator unit. It is a front view of a typical base defibrillator unit. It is a rear view of a typical base defibrillator unit. It is a bottom view of a typical base defibrillator unit. It is a right side view of a typical base defibrillator unit. It is a left side view of a typical base defibrillator unit. It is a block diagram which shows the electric component of one Embodiment of a base defibrillator unit. It is a block diagram which shows the power charge architecture of the base defibrillator unit by another embodiment. It is a block diagram which shows the component of a typical interface unit. It is a perspective view of a typical interface unit. It is a top view of a typical interface unit. It is a front view of a typical interface unit. It is a side view of a typical interface unit. It is a bottom view of a typical interface unit. FIG. 5 is a side sectional view highlighting an interface unit arm that matches the contours of the base unit to provide a secure shape fitting attachment to the base unit. It is a perspective view of the alternative interface unit housing design. FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view of a stacked defibrillator system, including an interface unit, an auxiliary battery (charging) pack, and a base unit, according to another embodiment. FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view of a stacked defibrillator system, including an auxiliary battery pack and a base unit, according to another embodiment. It is an exploded perspective view of the combination of the charging station and the base unit according to one Embodiment. FIG. 6 is an exploded perspective view of a base unit having a combination of a charging station and an interface unit according to another embodiment. It is a flowchart which shows the typical battery charge level check and management routine by one Embodiment. It is a flowchart which shows the typical battery charge control flow by one Embodiment. FIG. 6 is a block diagram schematically showing typical power and data communication paths between a base defibrillator unit and selected modules that may be used in connection with the base defibrillator unit. FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing a process of synchronizing a graphic displayed on a connected external device with a voice user instruction issued by a base unit according to an embodiment. It is a graphic representation of the defibrillator state table. FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a defibrillator having an interface unit attached to a base unit according to another embodiment. FIG. 5 is a front view of a defibrillator having an interface unit attached to a base unit according to another embodiment. FIG. 5 is a top view of a defibrillator having an interface unit attached to a base unit according to another embodiment. 2 is a second perspective view of a defibrillator having an interface unit attached to a base unit according to another embodiment. FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the defibrillator of FIG. 13A with the pad cartridge partially pulled out. It is an exploded perspective view of the defibrillator of FIG. 13A which shows the base unit and the interface unit independently. It is an exploded perspective view of the defibrillator of FIG. 13A which shows the base unit and the interface unit independently. It is a rear perspective view of only an interface unit. FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a placard suitable for use with the base unit of the defibrillator of FIG. 13A.

Similar reference numbers may be used in drawings to specify similar structural elements. It should also be understood that the depiction of the figure is schematic and not on scale.

The present disclosure generally relates to modular defibrillators. First, a modular defibrillator architecture according to one embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 1A-1C. The architecture described is suitable for use with automatic external defibrillators (including both semi-automatic and fully automatic defibrillators), but with manual defibrillators and either automatic or manual mode. Can also be used with hybrid defibrillators that can be used.

The core of the modular defibrillator system 100 is the base defibrillator unit (base unit) 110. The base defibrillation unit 110 attaches the interface unit 200 to the base unit 110 by connecting the base unit 110 to a mobile communication device 105 (smartphone, tablet computer, etc.) in which the defibrillator control application is installed. Thereby, it is a fully functional defibrillator configured so that its function can be complemented. In some embodiments, a charging pack 290 or other auxiliary storage unit can be attached to the base defibrillation unit to recharge the battery on the base unit as needed, thereby externally charging or replacing the battery. The effective life of the base unit can be effectively extended without it.

The interface unit 200 has a wireless communication function (for example, cellular, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth®, etc.) and / or a position detection function (for example, GPS, GNSS, etc.), and (a) emergency patient care. , And (b) can improve both unit tracking, maintenance, and updates, making it ideal for enterprise applications. In some embodiments, the interface unit also has a display screen that can be used to display graphics and / or video that can assist both emergency and maintenance and surveillance activities. For users who do not need an interface module to permanently connect to the base unit, wireless connection and graphical by connecting a personal communication device such as a smartphone or tablet computer with the defibrillator app installed to the base unit. Touch screen functionality can be enabled. Both the interface unit running the defibrillator app and the connected personal device, for example, display training videos, provide answers to frequently asked questions (FAQs), access external resources, and CPR. It can be configured to facilitate training that can take various forms by providing guidance with visual instructions in an emergency, such as how to perform the procedure or where to place the electrode pads.

In FIG. 1A, the base unit 110, mobile communication device 105, and interface unit 200 are shown separately to highlight their separate components. In FIG. 1B, the interface unit 200 is shown attached to the base unit 110, showing one particular use scenario in which the interface unit is used as an auxiliary interface for the base defibrillator unit. In FIG. 1C, the mobile communication device 105 is shown attached to the base unit 110, a second use scenario in which the mobile communication device 105 is used as an auxiliary interface and power source for the base defibrillator unit. Shown.

Base unit FIG. 2A is a perspective view of a typical base unit 110, and FIGS. 2A to 2G are a top view, a front view, a rear view, a bottom view, a right side view, and a left side view, respectively. .. The base unit 110 is a fully functional defibrillator. Therefore, it includes all the components and features needed for defibrillation. It includes, for example, all the electronics needed for defibrillation, a set of electrode pads, and a simple user interface for communicating instructions to the user and receiving the required user input. Therefore, the base unit instructs the user how to operate the unit, analyzes the patient's heart rhythm to determine whether it is a shockable heart rhythm, and if so, sends a shock to the patient. Provides all the components and functionality needed for. A user interface that includes one or more user input buttons, speakers for voice instructions, and / or other components directs user actions during use of the base defibrillator unit, eg, during a cardiac treatment event. , Provides all the functionality needed to receive the required input from the user. The base unit also includes a cartridge 117 or other suitable mechanism that houses the electrode pads 116 attached to the patient.

Externally, the base unit housing 120 includes a status indicator 175, a power on (start) button 183, a shock button 186, and one or more externally accessible electrical connectors. If the defibrillator operates only in a fully automated mode where no user input is required to initiate a defibrillation shock, the shock button 186 may be disabled or removed. In the embodiments described, the electrical connector electricals the interface connector 190 for electrically coupling the base unit to the interface unit 200 and the base unit to the mobile communication device 105 and / or other compatible device. Includes a mobile connector port 195 (USB, micro USB, Lightning or other suitable connector, etc.) for coupling. In other embodiments, additional connectors can be provided and / or one or more of the connectors 190 and 195 can be removed. For example, multiple connector ports 195 with the same or different form factors may be provided to facilitate the coupling of different types of mobile communication devices. Similarly, a connector similar to the interface connector 190 may be provided on the bottom surface of the base unit housing 120 to facilitate electrical coupling of the base unit to an external charging pack 290 (eg, battery pack) or charging dock. Therefore, it should be understood that externally accessible user interface mechanisms and electrical connectors can be significantly modified to meet the needs of any particular implementation. In some embodiments, the base unit may optionally include a wireless communication module 134, such as a Bluetooth communication module, to facilitate wireless communication with external devices. The base unit may optionally include an inductive charging receptor 274 to facilitate receiving power wirelessly from an external device.

In the top view of FIG. 2B, the power on / start button 183 is on the left side and the shock button 186 is on the right side. The electrical contacts of the interface connector 190 are visible in the center. Note that the buttons are clearly visible from this top view. Since there are speaker holes in the housing at both ends of the base unit, voice instructions from the base unit can be heard from any direction. In other embodiments, the speaker and the required holes may be located at other suitable locations, such as, for example, the top of the base unit, one end of the base unit. In some embodiments, the speaker holes may be completely removed.

In the embodiments described, the electrode pads 116 are located on the electrode pad cartridge 117, as best seen in the front view of FIG. 2C. The cartridge 117 is replaceable and includes a pull tab (removal tab) 118 that is best visible in the top view of FIG. 2B. When the user pulls the removal tab 118, the cartridge 117 opens and the electrode pad 116 is exposed. In another embodiment, pulling the removal tab pulls the pad out of the housing without the cartridge. Optionally, pulling open the cartridge, or simply pulling the removal tab, tears open the electrode pad package, reveals the electrode pad, and eliminates the need for the user to open the pad package during an emergency cardiac incident.

The rear view of FIG. 2D shows an externally accessible mobile connector port 195 in the form of a USB port. Connector port 195 can optionally have a dust cover insert (not shown) that fits over the port when not in use and protects the port from liquids and dust. The USB port is used to recharge the base unit, connect the base unit 110 to a USB compatible power source, and / or connect the base unit to a personal computing device that has the defibrillator app installed. To. The app provides in-sync instructional graphics that complement the voice instructions of the base unit in an emergency, as well as diagnostics and updates of the base unit. The app also facilitates the transfer of base unit status information to a remote management server. On the right side is a status indicator 175 containing icons and lights, which is used to notify the user of the functional status of the base unit. The status indicator is described in more detail below.

The edges of the housing 120 are generally tapered or rounded. However, the bottom surface has a flat edge that prevents it from rolling when placed on an inclined surface, as best seen in the end views of FIGS. 2F and 2G. The speaker hole 181 at the end of the housing 120 is best seen in the end views of FIGS. 2F and 2G. In the right side view of FIG. 2F, the shock button 186 is visible at the top. The power-on / start button 183 is visible at the top of the right side view of FIG. 2G.

In the embodiments of FIGS. 2A-2G, the base unit includes a housing 120 that houses the electrical components of the defibrillator. The particular electrical components used by the base unit can vary widely as long as the base unit can function as a fully functional stand-alone device.

Although the USB port is shown, it should be understood that the mobile connector port 195 can take any suitable form, including connector formats that currently exist and will be developed in the future. As an example, the connector port may be any type of USB connector (including, for example, USB-C connector, USB2.0 connector, USB3.0 connector, USB3.1 connector, USB mini connector, micro USB connector, etc.), Lightning connector. , Or any other suitable connector format form.

FIG. 3A is a block diagram showing one representative electronic control architecture and associated components suitable for use with the base defibrillator unit 110. In the illustrated embodiment, the electronic components are sufficient to provide a defibrillator controller 130, memory 133, charging power regulator 140, voltage booster 145 (which may have multiple stages), defibrillation shock. High-voltage capacitor 150 for temporarily storing various electrical energy, discharge control circuit 160, pad-related detection circuit 162 and relay 169, power storage unit 170, battery regulator 193, status indicator 175 (s), speaker 180 (s) Yes), and includes one or more electrical connectors (eg, interface connector 190, mobile connector port 195, charger connector 197, etc.). The charging power regulator 143 and the voltage booster 145 that work together to control the charging of the shock discharge capacitor 150 are sometimes referred to herein as charging circuits.

The defibrillator controller 130 is configured to control the operation of the base defibrillator unit and, if necessary, direct communication with an external device. In some embodiments, the defibrillator controller controls the operation of the base unit and executes software or firmware with programmed instructions to direct user interaction and communication with external components. Includes processors configured in.

As described in more detail below with reference to FIGS. 3B and 8, the base defibrillator unit 110 optionally exceeds the power storage unit 170 to facilitate charging of the shock discharge capacitor 150. Can be configured to draw power from certain other available power sources. The charging power regulator 140 is configured to manage the flow of current that supplies the voltage booster, regardless of where the power comes from. For example, in some embodiments, auxiliary power may be supplied from a mobile device coupled to mobile connector port 195 or from a portable charger / auxiliary battery pack coupled to charger connector 197.

The voltage booster 145 is configured to boost the voltage from the operating voltage of the storage unit 170 to the desired operating voltage of the discharge capacitor 150, which is on the order of about 1400V to 2000V in the embodiments described. (However, the defibrillator may be designed to achieve the desired voltage). In some embodiments, boosting is achieved in a single stage, while in other embodiments a multi-stage boost converter is used. Some representative boost converters are described in US Pat. No. 10,029,109 incorporated. As an example, in some embodiments a flyback converter, such as a valley switching flyback converter, can be used as the voltage booster 145, while in other embodiments a wide variety of other types of voltage boosters are used. You should understand what you get.

A voltage sensor 151 is provided to read the voltage of the capacitor 150. The voltage sensor 151 may take the form of a voltage divider or any other suitable form. This capacitor voltage reading is used to determine when the shock discharge capacitor 150 is properly charged for use. The sensed voltage is provided to the controller 130, which determines when the capacitor 150 is sufficiently charged to deliver a defibrillation shock. Capacitor 150 can be charged to any desired level. This can be useful as different defibrillation protocols recommend shocks at different voltage and / or energy levels for different conditions. In addition, if the initial shock is not sufficient to resume normal cardiac rhythm, some recommended treatment protocols require (to some extent) the use of gradually higher energy impulses with subsequent shocks.

The discharge circuit 160 can take a wide variety of different forms. In some embodiments, the discharge circuit 160 includes an H-bridge with a driver that drives the H-bridge switch. The driver is directed by the defibrillator controller 130. The H-bridge outputs a two-phase (or other polyphase) shock to the patient electrode pad 116 via a relay 169. The relay 169 has an ECG detection mode in which the patient electrode pad 116 is coupled to the pad-related sensing circuit 162 and a shock delivery in which the patient electrode pad 116 is connected to the H-bridge to facilitate delivery of the defibrillation shock to the patient. It is configured to switch between modes. Although specific components are described, it should be understood that the functionality of each of them can be provided by a variety of other circuits.

The pad-related sensing circuit 162 can include a variety of different functions. As an example, it may optionally include a pad connection sensor 164, an ECG sensing / filtering circuit 165, and an impedance measurement filter 166. The pad connection sensor is configured to detect that the pad is actually connected (plugged) to the base defibrillator unit 110. The ECG sensing / filtering circuit 165 senses the electrical activity of the patient's heart when the pad is attached to the patient. The filtered signal is then passed to the defibrillator controller 130 for analysis to indicate whether the detected cardiac rhythm is a candidate to be treated by administration of electric shock (ie, rhythm). (Whether is a shockable tune) and the recommended nature of the shock. When a shockable tune is detected, the controller 130 controls the shock delivery by appropriately instructing the user and appropriately instructing the H-bridge driver.

In some embodiments, the storage unit 170 takes the form of one or more batteries, such as a rechargeable lithium-based battery containing lithium ions and other lithium-based chemicals, but one or more. Other storage devices such as supercapacitors, ultracapacitors, and / or other battery chemicals, and / or combinations thereof may be used as appropriate for any particular application. The power storage unit 170 is preferably rechargeable and can be recharged via any of a variety of charging mechanisms. In some embodiments, the power storage unit 170 takes the form of a rechargeable battery. For convenience and simplicity, much of the following description refers to the power storage unit 170 as a rechargeable battery. However, it should be understood that other types of power storage devices can easily replace batteries. Also, the singular term "battery" is often used, where the battery may be a single battery or a unit consisting of multiple individual batteries and / or different from one or more other storage components. It should be understood that it may include a combination of storage units.

In some embodiments, the base defibrillator unit 110 has the purpose of (a) facilitating charging of the shock discharge capacitor 150 and (b) recharging the power storage unit 170, or both. Power can be drawn from other available power sources. In some embodiments, the battery is among externally accessible connector ports 195, dedicated charging station 294, auxiliary battery pack (portable charger) 290, interface unit 200, and the like, as described in more detail below. Can be recharged using one or more of. If wireless charging is supported, the base defibrillator unit uses other devices that support inductive charging (eg, inductive charging station 294, or inductive charging battery packs, mobile phones with inductive charging capabilities, etc. It may include a wireless charging module 174 configured to facilitate inductive charging of the storage unit 170.

As suggested above, a plurality of different types of devices can be coupled to the base defibrillator unit 110. Many of these devices can be used to power the base unit 110, as shown in FIG. 3B. These include a mobile device connected via connector port 195, a charger coupled via charger connector 197, a battery pack coupled via connector port 195 or charger connector 197, and an inductive charging receptacle 274. Inductive chargers that inductively power through, interface units 200 coupled via interface connector 190, and / or coupled via any of the described or other suitable connection mechanisms. May include other suitable devices that have been made.

In the embodiment described in FIG. 3B, power from any connected device is made available to the battery charger / maintenance device 173. The battery charger / maintenance device 173 is configured to output power at a level suitable for charging the battery 170. The voltage level of most batteries changes based on their charge level, and for some batteries, such as lithium-based batteries, the output voltage of the battery charger 173 changes based on the voltage level of the battery being charged. Is desirable. In such applications, the output voltage (V _bc ) of the battery charger 173 is adjusted to meet the needs of the battery. The output of the battery charger will also be available to the charging power regulator 143 and to other defibrillator electronics via the battery regulator 172. In the embodiments described, the battery regulator 172 defibrillators controller 130 and defibrillators the voltage of power received from the battery (V _b ) and / or the voltage of power received from the battery charger (V _bc ). It may be configured to adjust to a level suitable for use by other electronic devices of the motive (eg 3.3 volts).

If the auxiliary device is connected during an emergency use of the defibrillator and has power available in an emergency, such power is used from the battery 170 to the capacitor charging circuit while charging the shock discharge capacitor 150. It can also supplement the power supplied. In the embodiments described, this is achieved by making the output of the battery charger 173 available to the charging power regulator 143. In this way, if the auxiliary device is connected and available, the battery charger 173 can be turned on to transfer power from the connected device. The battery charger 173 outputs power at an essentially appropriate voltage level (V _bc ). When the discharge capacitor charging circuit is turned on, the charging power regulator 143 draws the power supplied by the battery charger 173. When the discharge capacitor charging circuit is turned off, the power output from the battery charger 173 is primarily used to charge the battery 170 (although some power other defibrillator electronics). May be used to). This is noteworthy as, to the extent available, power can be drawn from the connected auxiliary device throughout the emergency incident as needed for capacitor charging and / or battery charging. This reduces the risk of the defibrillator becoming inoperable or inoperable when needed, even if the AED maintenance personnel forget to replace or recharge the battery at the right time.

As a practical matter, the auxiliary device most likely to be connected during an emergency incident can be another auxiliary power source, but the mobile device 105, auxiliary battery pack 290, and / or connected to the mobile connector port 195. Or it is expected to be an interface unit. When multiple auxiliary devices are combined in an emergency, the defibrillator controller 130 and / or battery charger 173 draws power from one or more of the connected devices according to any desired power management scheme. Can be withdrawn.

In some embodiments, the voltage booster 145 may be configured to draw power in short pulses (eg, the flyback converter has a short current draw period in which the current is drawn into the primary coil and then There is a short "off" period in which no current is drawn into the primary coil). In some such embodiments, the charging power regulator 143 draws power from the battery 170 (and battery charger 173, if available) at the corresponding pulse to power the voltage booster. It is configured in. If power is available from an external device connected via the battery charger 173, the power drawn from the connected external device powers the defibrillator electronics and / or their periodicity. Voltage booster current draw may be enabled to charge the battery 170 during the "off" interval.

In the power path described above, power from any connected auxiliary device is made available to the charging power regulator 143 via the battery charger 173. However, it should be understood that in other embodiments, the power from the auxiliary device may be made available to the charging power regulator 143 via other suitable connection schemes.

One other connection path is also shown in FIG. 3B. Specifically, the power received via the mobile connector port 195 is supplied directly to the draw regulator 141 and from the draw regulator 141 to the charging power regulator 143, thereby bypassing the battery charger 173. This path is particularly useful when the battery 170 is completely discharged and cannot supply enough power to charge the shock discharge capacitor 150. In some embodiments, this route is used only in situations where power is not available from the battery. In such an embodiment, a switch (not shown) that opens a direct (charger bypass) connection path when battery charging falls below a specified level may be provided. Charger bypass connection path is particularly desirable when the power in the implementation of steps down the voltage level of the power battery charger 173 has received from the mobile connector port (V _m) to facilitate battery charging is not available from the battery. The charger bypass eliminates the inefficiency caused by the voltage drop that occurs in battery charging 173 and the corresponding additional voltage rise required by charging the power regulator 143. These efficiencies are especially important when power is not available from the battery and all charging power needs to be supplied by a mobile (or other suitable) device connected to connector port 195. In some embodiments (e.g., as in the embodiment shown in FIG. 3B), the mobile connector port 195 may take the form of a USB connector conforming to USB protocol, which is often USB power (V _m at about 5 volts ) Is supplied.

The draw current regulator 141 of the mobile device is configured to ensure that the charging circuit does not draw more current than the mobile communication device can provide. This is important because many mobile phones and tablet computers have a safety circuit that shuts off the current supply whenever excessive current flows. If the defibrillator unit 110 trips the safety circuit by drawing more current than is allowed by the connected device (eg, phone), the device (phone) safety circuit will be I / It may take some time for the connector power to recover by blocking the power drawn from the O port, which is not desirable. At the same time, since the charging time is inversely proportional to the drawn current, it is desirable to draw as much power as possible during charging of the discharge capacitor 150 as close as possible to the power provided by the phone. Therefore, limiting the charging current draw to a level significantly lower than the maximum current that can be drawn from the phone will unnecessarily slow down charging. Therefore, the goal of the draw current regulator 141 is to maintain the current drawn from the telephone at a level that is very close to, but not exceeded, the maximum current known to be obtained from the telephone. Preferably, the current is drawn substantially continuously from the telephone, rather than the periodic burst determined by the booster circuit, as is common in most transformers and other booster circuits.

As an example, limiting the charging current to less than 500mA has been found to work well on most older smartphones, including phones ranging from various older BlackBerrys to the Samsung Galaxy S5 / S6. This is because many such phones utilize USB 2.0 or similar connectors, and the USB 2.0 specification requires a supply of 500mA at 5V. Even these current draw rates are based on the expected setup time for defibrillation of the first shock and the recommended interval between shocks for any subsequent shock that may be recommended. Facilitates charging of capacitor 150 sufficient to deliver 150 joules defibrillation shock within a reasonable period of time (defibrillation shock is usually recommended every 2 minutes if required during resuscitation ). Most modern mobile phones support significantly faster current draw speeds that allow faster charging. As an example, phones using a USB 3.0 connector can typically deliver 900mA continuously at 5V, and many modern phones support very large current draws.

The draw current regulator 141 can take various forms. Although not required in all embodiments, in some embodiments the draw current regulator (1) generally exceeds, but never exceeds, the maximum current that can be supplied by the phone. It is configured to maintain a stable level and (2) keep parasitic power loss low. In some embodiments, the current level drawn by the draw current regulator 141 may be dynamically set in use based on the current supply capacity of the connected device or other suitable factor. In some embodiments, a digitally controlled current regulator can be used as the draw current regulator 141. As an example, a digitally controlled current limiting back converter that is very suitable for use as a draw current regulator 141 is described in US Pat. No. 10,029,109, which is incorporated herein by reference. .. A particularly desirable property of this type of current regulator is that current is continuously drawn from the power source (eg, the battery of the mobile device) during the charging process of the discharge capacitor. This is in contrast to the design of conventional defibrillators, where the power to charge the discharge capacitor is drawn from the power supply at periodic intervals. Moreover, as the charging of the capacitor increases, the current is drawn from the power supply at a relatively constant rate, which is also quite different from the conventional design.

Once the shock discharge capacitor 150 has been charged to the desired level, the power received through the connector port 195 will be required or will not be needed again to charge (recharge) the shock discharge capacitor 150. Can be directed to the battery charger 173 to facilitate battery charging.

The base unit also includes multiple software or firmware control algorithms that are installed in memory 133 and can run on the defibrillator controller. The control algorithm controls the operation of the base unit and coordinates communication between the base unit 110 and the interface unit 200, the connected device 105, and / or any other attached or connected device. Has programmed instructions suitable for. These control routines include a cardiac rhythm classification algorithm suitable for identifying shockable rhythms, a capacitor charge management algorithm for managing discharge capacitor charging, and a capacitor discharge management algorithm for managing shock delivery as needed. Charging the storage unit 170, a user interface management algorithm for managing user instructions given by a defibrillator and / or any connected user interface device (eg, interface unit 200, mobile communication device 105) in an emergency. Battery charge control algorithm for managing and sending charging power to other connected components (eg, interface unit 200 or auxiliary battery pack 290), test and reporting algorithm for managing and reporting self-testing of the base unit Includes, but is not limited to, software update control algorithms and verification files that facilitate software updates and their verification.

Interface Unit The interface unit 200 is preferably designed to be securely but removablely attached to the base defibrillation unit 110. The interface unit 200 (a) facilitates interaction with users during emergency use, further facilitates patient care in emergencies, and (b) non-emergency monitoring and non-emergency monitoring and reporting functions such as training, unit tracking, maintenance and reporting. / Or is configured to do both to facilitate the use of the device. In the key embodiments described, the interface unit includes a digital screen for providing graphic instructions synchronized with the voice instructions provided by the base unit during use. The interface unit also provides connectivity and GPS location that allows remote monitoring and maintenance of the connected base unit. The interface unit is configured to facilitate automatic EMS contact in an emergency and uploads important incident-related data such as cardiac arrest ECG samples. The interface unit can also act as a remote software update root for the base unit, facilitating both device improvements and product modifications. Therefore, the interface unit is ideal for commercial users who need remote monitoring and maintenance. In other embodiments, the interface unit has only a display screen, no connecting elements, or no combination of display screens or any other desired function, connecting elements and / or GPS functions. May have only.

Various mounting mechanisms can be used to facilitate mounting of the interface unit 200 to the base unit, as described in more detail below with reference to FIGS. 5A-5E. In some implementations, the interface unit 200 includes an interface housing 202 that is attached to the base unit via a press fit or elastic shape fit. Preferably, all of the user interface functions on the base unit 110 remain functional and usable when the interface unit 200 is attached to it.

FIG. 4 shows some of the electrical components of a typical interface unit 200. In the embodiments described, the interface unit 200 includes an interface controller (processor) 210, a memory 213, a display screen 220, a communication module 230, an electrical connector 240, an interface unit storage unit 250, and a position detection module 260, which are All may be housed within the interface unit housing 202. The interface unit is installed in memory 213 with programmed instructions suitable for controlling the operation of the interface unit and coordinating communication between the interface unit 200 and the base definement unit 110 and / or remote device. It may also have software or firmware that can be installed or installed (such as app 270).

The processor 210 controls the operation of the interface unit and coordinates communication with both the base unit 110 and remote devices such as the central server (described in more detail below). In some embodiments, the processor 210 is used both during use of the defibrillator system 100 during a cardiac arrest incident and to facilitate non-emergency monitoring or use of the defibrillator system 100. It is configured to run a defibrillator app 270 that may be used.

The display screen 220 is suitable for displaying text, graphics, and / or video under the direction of the processor 210 to assist in both emergencies and other times. In some embodiments, the display screen 220 is a touch-sensitive screen suitable for receiving input based on the graphical user interface displayed on it. In some embodiments, an optional graphics controller 222 may be provided to facilitate communication between the interface control processor 210 and the display screen 220.

The communication module 230 is provided to facilitate communication with a remotely located device such as a central server. The communication module 230 currently exists using cellular communication, Wi-Fi, satellite communication, Bluetooth, NFC (Near Field Communication), Zigbee Communication, DSRC (Dedicated Short Range Communication), or any suitable communication protocol. , Or any suitable communication technology or combination of communication technologies, including one or more of any other communication channels developed in the future. By way of example, in the embodiments described, the communication module 230 includes a Wi-Fi module, a cellular module, and a Bluetooth module 232, a cellular module 232, and a Bluetooth module 232, which facilitate Bluetooth communication, respectively.

The electrical connector 240 is configured to connect to the interface connector 190 of the base defibrillator unit 110. The connectors 190 and 240 are configured to facilitate communication between the defibrillator controller 130 and the processor 210 of the interface unit. The connectors 190 and 240 are also preferably configured to power the base unit 110 from the interface unit 200, as described in more detail below. In some embodiments, power is provided in only one direction, i.e., from the interface unit 200 to the base unit 110, and not in the opposite direction during operation. The good reason for this approach is that defibrillators are the most important component from a safety standpoint and can reduce the energy available to charge the discharge capacitor in an emergency. This is because it is often undesirable to draw power from the base unit to power the device (including the interface unit 200). However, in some embodiments, the power supply may be bidirectional (at least in certain circumstances) if desired, eg, when the base unit is not in use, it is fully charged and an external charging power supply. If it is plugged into, or if the power passed to the interface unit does not come from the base unit's internal battery (eg, it is connected to or attached to a charger, mobile communication device, or base unit). (If it comes from another device) and so on.

The connectors 190 and 240 can take various forms. These may be connectors with attached transceivers (UART, SPI, I2C transceivers, etc.) configured to handle processor-level communications, with additional pins (power + GND) and connections for power supply. It has additional pins for verification (ie, pins that detect that there is a connection between the interface unit and the base AED and trigger an interrupt on the base AED to indicate that the unit is not connected). These may be more standardized connectors, such as USB connectors.

The interface power storage unit 250 provides electric power for operating the interface unit 210. In many embodiments, the power storage unit takes the form of a battery 252 with associated control components, but in other embodiments, various other power storage technologies such as supercapacitors, ultracapacitors, etc. may be used. Relevant control components may include components such as battery charger and maintenance device 254, which may include various safety monitoring devices, and battery regulator 256. Preferably, the power storage unit 250 is rechargeable, but that is not a requirement. In some embodiments, it may be desirable to utilize a replaceable battery (rechargeable or non-rechargeable) so that the battery of the storage unit 250 can be replaced when it is nearing the end of its useful life. is there. In some embodiments, the power storage unit 250 may be configured to supply auxiliary power to the base unit 110. Depending on the structure and / or condition of the base unit, auxiliary power may be used to help charge the discharge capacitor 150 during use, to power the defibrillator electronics or to provide auxiliary power. It can supply and / or charge the storage unit 170 of the base defibrillator unit. In another embodiment, an auxiliary battery (not shown) in the interface unit can be used to supply auxiliary power to the base unit instead of the power storage unit 250.

The interface unit may optionally also include various environment sensors 263 and other peripheral components 266. If desired, the interface unit may include any of a wide variety of different types of sensors and peripheral components. For example, in selected embodiments, the interface unit can include one or more accelerometers and / or gyroscopes, temperature sensors, humidity sensors, time of day or any other desired sensor or component.

The interface unit 200 is preferably configured to be securely mechanically attached to the base unit 110. Generally, the interface unit is removable so that it can be separated from the base unit if desired, but in other embodiments, the mounting may be inherently more permanent. The particular mechanical mounting utilized can vary significantly depending on the needs of any particular embodiment. In some embodiments, press or shape fitting mounting structures are used, in others latch and catch mechanisms, snap fit structures, etc. are utilized alone or in combination to releasably mount the interface unit to the base. However, it should be understood that a wide variety of other structures can be used in other embodiments. Some specific mechanical mounting structures are described below.

In some embodiments, the interface unit includes a mounting sensor (not shown) that senses when the interface unit was mounted on the base unit.
The base unit 110 can also be coupled to a mobile communication device 105 such as a mobile phone, tablet computer, personal digital assistant (PDA) or other portable computing device, as seen in FIG. 1C. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1C, the mobile communication device takes the form of a smartphone such as Samsung's Galaxy or Apple's iPhone®. However, in other embodiments, a wide variety of other mobile phones or other mobile communication devices may be used in place of the smartphone. The mobile communication device 105 is coupled to the base defibrillation unit 110 via a connector cable 113 that is plugged into the connector port 195. In other embodiments, the connector port 195 can be replaced with a connector cable that is permanently wired to the defibrillation unit. In yet another embodiment, the mobile communication device can be wirelessly coupled to the base unit.

The defibrillator app 270 can be installed on the mobile communication device 105 to provide many or all of the defibrillator interfaces, control, monitoring and reporting features available for defibrillators. The mobile communication device 105 can also supply power to the base defibrillation unit 110. In some preferred embodiments, the power drawn from the mobile communication device facilitates the use of the base unit even in situations where the base unit's storage unit 170 is completely depleted and no other power is available to the base unit. It is sufficient to power all of the electronics in the base unit, including charging the discharge capacitor to a level suitable for shock delivery in a timely manner. That is, if desired, the base unit 110 can be operated in a mode similar to the configuration described in Applicant's Patent No. 10,029,109, which is incorporated herein by reference.

As suggested above, the installation of the interface unit 200, or the connection of a personal phone or other mobile communication device 105 with the defibrillator app installed, complements the functionality of the base unit in several ways. For example, during emergency use, the system automatically calls 9-1-1 to report the patient's location and open a communication line between the Emergency Medical Service (EMS) and the user in the field. This fits well with the US federal government's initiative to extend emergency communications to include wireless and voice-over IP devices (next generation 9-1-1), text and video messaging, and location information.

In addition, critical incident-related information such as the time since the first shock, the type of arrhythmia detected, and the number of shocks delivered was relayed prematurely to the responding EMS personnel, and when the emergency personnel arrived, the interface unit. Or it is displayed on the personal telephone screen. Such real-time communication accelerates patient transition between responders, reduces communication errors, and ultimately improves patient outcomes.

A base unit connected to an interface unit or smartphone with a defibrillator app can be used to infer risk factors for SCA, and is used extensively to record information such as time, location, temperature, and humidity. Benefit from possible sensors. The sensor data available when using a defibrillator can be leveraged to initiate the establishment of low-risk individual SCA patterns (eg, morning vs. evening, high temperature / humidity vs. low temperature / low humidity, etc.).

Except in emergencies, the systems described can automate the maintenance process. For entities with multiple AED units, the GPS location, expiration date, battery level, version, etc. of each unit are all, for example, the applicant's provisional patent application number 62 / 617,400 incorporated herein by reference. It can be accessed on the backend management platform as described in No. 62 / 652, 193. For all users, any important notifications, including low battery, device expiration, system self-test failure indicating AED unit issues, will be automatically sent to the appropriate personnel via email and SMS. Can be sent. Instead of having the AED fleet administrator manually inspect each AED each month, that information is readily available. This can be of great help in addressing the current problem of ensuring that AEDs are properly maintained.

Installation of the interface unit 200 or connection of the mobile communication device 105 to the base unit also provides a mechanism for facilitating software updates to the base unit itself. Specifically, secure software updates may be received by the interface unit or mobile communication and then transferred to the base unit 110 for installation. This type of remote software update not only improves device performance, but also allows significant fixes for any bugs that occur without the need to physically acquire each unit. The ability to update any bugs encountered helps ensure that the AED is ready when needed.

In some embodiments, the interface unit has no substantive function other than working in conjunction with the defibrillator, but is required for the defibrillator to operate properly. is not. In fact, in some embodiments, the interface unit cannot function unless it is connected to a defibrillator.

In some embodiments, the interface unit 200 may utilize a smartphone or other mobile computing device as a functional core. This is because most smartphones today (including low-cost smartphones) include almost all of the electrical components and processing power that are used or desired to be used in the interface unit 200, all in a small package footprint. It works well because it is packaged. For example, most smartphones have significantly higher processing power than is required by an interface unit. They have a high quality touch screen display that can be leveraged to guide lay operators and minimally trained operators throughout the incident. They also provide a user interface that potential users are very familiar with, which can reduce the resistance of the average user to operate a life-saving medical device that is particularly unfamiliar in an emergency. .. These include a built-in battery that provides more than enough power to power the defibrillator. They incorporate communication technologies such as cellular, Wi-Fi, and Bluetooth and can be used to facilitate a variety of response-related services. They incorporate a GNSS system that can be used to provide location information. They also incorporate sensors such as audio microphones and cameras that can be used in an advantageous manner during medical incidents.

Mounting the Interface Unit on the Base Unit As mentioned above, the interface unit 200 is preferably designed to be securely but removablely mounted on the base defibrillation unit 110. Various mounting mechanisms can be used to facilitate such mounting. Preferably, all of the user interface functions on the base unit 110 remain functional and usable when the interface unit 200 is attached to it.

In some embodiments, screws or other suitable fasteners may be used to attach the interface unit to the base unit. Such an approach helps ensure that the interface unit is always properly aligned with the base unit. In other embodiments, the interface unit can utilize elastic shape fit, snap fit, or interface fit to reduce the number of associated parts and the complexity of the attachment. In yet another embodiment, the interface unit may include a latch mechanism. The latching mechanism allows the user to latch the interface unit to an appropriate position on the base unit, but to remove the interface unit from the base unit, the user must pull, push, laterally move, or perform other actions. I need. Regardless of the mounting style, the base unit and interface unit can be electrically connected using surface contacts, spring pins, male-female adapters, NFC, other wireless communications, or other suitable mechanisms. One of the particularly desirable features is that the mechanical attachment always aligns the electrical attachment (connection) between the two. In one embodiment, the base unit has a surface contact on it, and the interface unit has a compressible spring pin aligned with the surface contact on the base unit to form an electrical connection. These electrical lines may include data lines for communication (eg, receive / transmit data lines), power lines, ground lines, and connection lines. Connection lines are provided to allow the control system to recognize that the interface unit is attached to the base unit. Usually, the connection line completes the electrical circuit detected by the control system to indicate the presence of the connected device.

In some implementations, a press fit or elastic shape fit is used to facilitate attachment of the interface unit to the base unit. FIG. 5A is a perspective view of the interface unit according to such an embodiment. 5B to 5E are a top view, a front view, a side view, and a bottom view of the interface unit of FIG. 5A, respectively. FIG. 5F is a cross-sectional view highlighting how the interface unit fits into the contours of the base unit to provide a secure shape fitting attachment to the base unit.

In the embodiments shown in FIGS. 5A-5E, the interface unit is a housing 202 having four arms 204 designed to wrap around the side edges of the base unit to securely hold the interface unit 200 in place. including. The arm 204 has some elasticity so that it can flex and slide over the base unit 110 when the interface unit is attached, but during the crude or clumsy handling of the combined unit. And / or even if the combined units are dropped, they are rigid enough to be pressed against the base housing 120 and hold the interface units firmly in place.

In some embodiments, the interface housing 202 is formed from a relatively hard rubbery material that provides the arm with the desired flexibility. To secure the interface unit 200 to the base unit 110, the interface unit may be pressed against the base unit. When the interface unit is pressed against the base unit, the arm 204 deforms, thereby sliding on the base unit. The distal end of the arm 204 is designed to wrap around the corners of the base unit 110 when attached, thereby fixing the interface unit to the base unit.

In some preferred embodiments, the inner surface of the arm 204 and the other surface portion of the interface unit facing the base unit match the contours of the base unit to provide a snug fit between the two devices. help. In the illustrated embodiment, the side edges of the interface unit are somewhat rounded (convex) or tapered, as best seen in FIG. 5F, and the shape fitting arm 204 has a matching contour (convex). Their inner surface is recessed). Therefore, the arm 204 effectively grips the base unit.

Since a press fit or elastic shape fit is used, the interface unit can be removed from the base unit if desired. However, when attached to the base defibrillation unit, the interface unit remains in place unless there is an active effort to separate the two units. In general, the interface unit is not expected to be detached from the base unit after being attached to the base unit, except in relatively rare circumstances. As such, the interface unit is usually not designed to periodically attach and detach the base unit, and the shape fit can be adjusted so that it cannot be easily removed after the interface unit is attached to the base unit. Although a particular shape fitting structure is shown, it should be appreciated that in other embodiments, the interface housing 202 can take advantage of a wide variety of other geometric shapes.

As best seen in FIG. 1B, in the illustrated embodiment, the arm 204 is configured not to cover the power-on button 183, shock button 186, mobile connector port 195, status indicator 175 or speaker 180, and of these components. Each is easily accessible to the user, even when the interface unit 200 is in place. Therefore, the base unit 110 can be used in the same way regardless of whether the interface unit 200 is mounted therein. The ability to use the base defibrillator in the same way, with or without the interface unit installed, offers a great safety advantage. In some jurisdictions, this capability may also be beneficial from a regulatory perspective. Specifically, if the base unit 110 is subject to rigorous regulatory reviews, but the interface unit does not affect the core functionality of the base unit and potential failure of the interface unit does not affect the operability of the base unit. , The restrictions imposed on the interface unit itself can be much less. This significantly increases the costs associated with regulatory review of modular defibrillators, as the base unit and base unit / interface unit combinations do not have to be subject to a separate full-scale approval process. Can be reduced. The same applies to the auxiliary battery pack (portable charger) 290, which does not interfere with any of the functions of the base unit 110 when installed (with or without an interface unit).

The electrical connector 240, which electrically couples the interface unit to the interface connector 190 of the base unit, is exposed at the bottom of the interface unit, as best seen in FIG. 5E.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of an alternative interface unit housing 202 (a) having a fixed configuration of another arm base. In this embodiment, reinforcing bars 205 are provided at each end of the interface unit to connect the distal ends of the associated housing arm 204 (a). These reinforcing bars further enhance the stability of mounting to the base unit without interfering with any function of the UI components of the base unit.

The stiffening bar 205 increases the rigidity of the arm and thus forms a more stable attachment of the interface unit to the base unit. Reinforcing bars also provide more contact between the interface unit and the base unit, which further enhances mounting stability. In this embodiment, the reinforcing bar is provided only at the end of the interface unit. When the interface unit is attached to the base unit, the large spacing 206 between the legs that engage the front and back of the base unit allows the user to easily access the electrode pad cartridge 117, connector plug 195, and status indicator 175. .. The opening space 207 formed by the reinforcing bars 205 provides access to the base unit buttons 183 and 186 and the speaker holes when the interface unit is attached to the base unit. A connector 240 for electrically connecting the interface unit to the base unit is located at the bottom of the interface unit.

In other embodiments, the reinforcing bars may be provided along the sides (not shown).
In the embodiments described with reference to FIGS. 5 and 6, the elasticity of the interface unit housing 202 provides the force required to hold the interface unit firmly in place without the use of a latch mechanism. However, in other embodiments, the interface unit and / or base unit may have other structures, such as complementary latch and catch mechanisms (not shown) that further strengthen the connection. I want you to understand. For example, in one particular embodiment, the arms may have tabs at their distal ends that fit into complementary recesses on the bottom surface (or elsewhere) of the base unit.

When the interface unit 200 is attached to the base unit 110, an electrical connection is also formed between the two units. In the embodiments shown, this is achieved through the connector 190 on the base unit that is engaged by the complementary connector 240 on the interface unit 200. The particular form of the connectors 190 and 240 to connect may vary widely as long as they provide a strong electrical connection between the components. In general, connectors preferably support both power supply and communication between devices.

In one particular embodiment, the base unit connector 190 has a plurality of surface contacts 191 engaged by complementary elastic pins 241 on the interface unit connector 240. Typical surface contacts of the base unit 110 can be seen in FIG. 2B, which is a top view of the base unit. A typical compatible connector 240 with elastic pins 241 can be seen in FIG. 5E, which is a bottom view of the interface unit of FIG. 5A. The specific number of contacts / pin pairs provided may vary depending on the needs of any particular implementation. As an example, in some embodiments, two contact / pin pairs that are data receive and data transmit lines, a third pair that transmits power, a fourth pair that connects ground, and a configuration to check the connection. Five contact / pin pairs are provided with a fifth pair made up. As is well known to those skilled in the art, this is the type of interface structure used and is the USB connector of choice, so USB logic can be used in such embodiments. In fact, in some embodiments, the connectors 190 and 240 to be connected may take the form of USB connectors. However, in other embodiments, the data transmission and reception lines may use other protocols such as UART, SPI, or I2C, as described above. In yet other embodiments, the power and ground pins and / or detection pins may be removed.

In other embodiments, near field communication (NFC) or other radio protocols can be used to electrically couple the units. Of course, in other embodiments, a wide variety of other connector configurations and pin assignments are available. When using male / female connectors, the female connector is preferably (but not required) on the base unit so that it is less likely to be damaged due to mishandling.

Battery Pack and Charging Station Another module that can be provided for use with the base unit is the Auxiliary Battery Pack 290, which is also a portable charger as it can be used to recharge the storage unit 170 of the base unit. Conceivable. Like the interface unit, the auxiliary battery pack 290 can be attached to the base unit in a wide variety of different ways.

In some embodiments, the auxiliary battery pack 290 is attached to and electrically connected to the base unit by fixing it to the base unit in substantially the same manner as described above for the interface unit. In this embodiment, the auxiliary battery pack is mounted in the same location as the interface unit using the same electrical contacts and the same connection mechanism. Optionally, the interface unit 200 may be secured to the auxiliary battery pack in the same way while forming the same type of electrical connection between the units. Such an arrangement is schematically shown in FIG. 7A. This approach provides a stacked system with an interface unit 200 at the top, an auxiliary battery pack 290 at the center, and a base defibrillator unit 110 at the bottom, as seen in the exploded view of FIG. 7A. When this approach is used, the auxiliary battery pack can be electrically connected to the base unit using the same connector type as the connector 240 on the underside interface unit. The auxiliary battery pack matches the configuration of the base unit connector 190 to electrically connect the interface unit to the battery pack and finally connect the interface unit to the base unit when the interface unit is stacked on top of it. A second connector to be used may also be included on the top surface.

In other embodiments, the auxiliary battery pack may be attached to the bottom of the base defibrillator unit opposite the interface unit of the base unit, as shown in FIG. 7B. In this arrangement, the base defibrillator unit is on the auxiliary battery pack. If the interface units are also mounted in a stackable manner, the interface unit 200 is on top, the base unit 110 is in the center, and the battery pack 290 is on the bottom.

The bottom-mounted auxiliary battery pack can be attached to the base unit using a variety of different mechanisms. In some embodiments, the auxiliary battery pack is mounted using an elastic shape fitting approach similar to that described above for the interface unit. One such configuration is shown in FIG. 7B. The arm or other mounting structure used in the auxiliary battery pack should not interfere with the arm 204 when the interface unit is mounted, or with the exposed user interface component or connector 195 of the base unit. It is configured.

It should be understood that these types of stacking architectures can be continued to accommodate other modules. The various modules can be versatile in that they can define the order in which they are stacked, or any number of modules can be stacked on top of each other in a particular order. All modules can use the same mounting architecture, or different modules can use different mountings.

In some embodiments, the auxiliary battery pack has a clip structure (not shown) that allows the battery pack to be clipped to the base unit 110. Such a clip structure can also be used in connection with a wall or surface mounted cradle on a charging station / dock to facilitate charging of the base unit. In some embodiments, the charging station may act as a dock in which the base unit is stored along with a charger that is used to charge the base unit in a manner appropriate to maintain long battery life. If a charging station is provided, it is preferably the interface unit (or the top of the base unit in the absence of the interface unit) exposed if the interface unit is present and the interface unit visible and accessible. It is configured to accommodate the base unit, if possible.

In some embodiments, a dedicated "home dock", mount, or cradle may be provided to house the defibrillator. Such docks can be wall mounted, surface mounted, or otherwise placed in a suitable configuration. The dock can also function as a charging station 294. Charging can be either wireless (eg, inductive) or via a connector. In embodiments that facilitate inductive charging, the base unit includes an inductive charging receptor 274 used with an inductive charging station. In some embodiments, the dock / charging station may be configured to communicate data through an inductive charger, for example using the NFC protocol.

FIG. 7C is an exploded perspective view of a typical inductive charging station / dock 294 suitable for storing and charging a base defibrillator unit. Charging station 294 includes a cradle 296 suitable for holding the base unit 110 and other modules attached to it. In some embodiments, the cradle may have a support structure form factor that is substantially similar to the form factor of the bottom mounted battery pack 290. The charging station / dock may have a cord / plug for connecting to a wall outlet, or it may have a large internal battery, which is for units used away from the grid. It may be particularly desirable. In some embodiments, the dock facilitates monitoring of the defibrillator while in the dock and has a connectivity feature to know when the AED will be removed from the dock (eg WiFi, cellular, etc.). Can be included. In some embodiments, the dock may be configured to sound an alarm or send a notification when the defibrillator is removed from the dock / when the defibrillator is removed from the dock. Good. Such notifications can be made to emergency personnel, AED managers (eg, school managers, building managers, etc.). In some embodiments that are particularly suitable for public use defibrillators, law enforcement / EMS is that someone simply plays with the device, because the dock can also include a camera and / or microphone in the home dock. You can tell if you are or are actually using it in an emergency.

FIG. 7D is an exploded perspective view of the alternative charging station / dock 294 (a). This embodiment includes an electrical connector 297 configured to engage the bottom electrical connector of the base unit to facilitate charging of the base unit. In this embodiment, the cradle 296 (a) has an arm 298 designed not to overlap the arm 204 of the interface unit. This may help ensure that the base unit to which the interface unit 200 is mounted fits snugly into the cradle. However, it should be understood that the cradle 296 of FIG. 7C can be easily configured to hold a defibrillator, which also includes an interface unit.

In some embodiments, the auxiliary battery pack 290 has an upper connector that is compatible with the electrical connector (eg, 297) used in the charging station. In this way, the base unit can be recharged using either an auxiliary battery pack or a dock / charging station with power. The auxiliary battery pack may also optionally have a lower connector that connects to the electrical connector of the charging station. This facilitates charging of the defibrillator, including the battery pack, without removing the battery pack.

Battery Life and Power Management Battery life is a significant constraint for most battery-powered AEDs. Conventional battery-powered AEDs are usually unusable when the battery is depleted. In addition, due to regulations or other concerns, some manufacturers have stated that even if the defibrillator is operational, if the battery exceeds its specified shelf life / battery will have its designated shelf life. When it is exceeded, the AED is disabled. Thus, in practice, a fully discharged battery, or otherwise unusable, is a common failure mode of current AEDs. To give an example of the scale of the problem, some studies suggest that 25% to 33% of all AED failures are due to battery discharge. Therefore, it is clear that battery constraints are an important issue for existing AEDs.

The modular defibrillator designs described attempt to alleviate these practical constraints in a variety of ways. First, in many preferred embodiments, the power storage unit 170 (eg, battery / battery unit) is rechargeable so that the defibrillator is recharged as needed. The power storage unit 170 can be charged and recharged in various ways.

In some embodiments, the base unit 110 includes an optional inductive charging module 174 having an inductive charging receptor configured to receive power from an inductive charger to charge the battery. This configuration is particularly useful in practical applications where it is practical to store the AED in a dock that has power and also functions as an inductive charger. The defibrillator controller 130 has a charge management algorithm that manages battery charge in a way that extends battery life (regardless of where the charge energy comes from).

The base unit 110 can also be charged via the connector 195, which can take the form of a USB connector or other standard connector that supports the supply of power. When using a USB connector, the defibrillator can be charged by plugging the unit into any USB compatible device that can be powered through the USB connector. In some situations, the connected device may be a mobile communication device 105, such as a smartphone or tablet computer, and the power to recharge the battery may be provided by the phone or tablet. The advantage of using mobile communication devices is that they can also be easily used as ancillary user interfaces, facilitating a variety of communication, monitoring, maintenance, and training functions. However, it should be understood that there are a wide variety of other existing USB compatible devices that can be used to recharge the battery 170. These may include portable power sticks or power banks, portable chargers, laptop computers, wall plug chargers, cigarette lighter chargers, and various other devices.

The effective battery charge life of the base defibrillator unit (with or without a rechargeable battery) can be significantly extended by attaching the auxiliary battery pack 290 to the base defibrillator unit 110. The use of Battery Pack 290 is in situations where the base defibrillator unit is expected to be stored away from the charging station, and / or the owner regularly checks and charges the defibrillator. Especially desirable in situations where you are not confident that it will be and / or will be maintained as often as necessary if the unit is not fitted with an auxiliary battery pack. In some embodiments, the battery pack 290 is used to recharge the power storage unit 170 of the base unit. Therefore, the auxiliary battery pack may consider or take the form of a portable charging unit.

Further, the effective battery charge life can be extended through the attachment of an interface unit 200 with a power storage unit 250 that can also be used to charge the defibrillator battery 170, if desired.

In some embodiments, the defibrillator base unit 110 manages battery charging / maintenance of the base unit battery 170 in a manner designed to extend battery life through multiple charging cycles. Also includes a maintenance controller. The battery charge / maintenance controller may be part of the power storage unit 170, a separate component, or it runs on the defibrillator controller 130 so that the defibrillator controller itself manages the charge of the power storage unit. It may be implemented algorithmically in the software.

As is clear from the above, the power to recharge the battery used in the base defibrillator unit can be obtained from various modules / components that may be used with the base unit. Similarly, a variety of different modules / components can be used to facilitate monitoring and maintenance type communication between the base unit and remote servers. Some of the possible power and data communication paths are graphically shown in FIG.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 10, the base unit 110 comprises an interface connector 190, a USB port that functions as a connector port 195, an interface 199 that facilitates short-range communication (eg Bluetooth, NFC, etc.), and a wireless charging receiver 174. Including. These four specific electrical connection mechanisms are shown in the embodiment of FIG. 10, but in other embodiments various other connection mechanisms can be used and / or some of the shown connection mechanisms are eliminated or Please understand that it can be replaced. In the embodiments shown, either the interface unit 200 or the portable charger (auxiliary battery pack) 290 may be attached to the base unit and electrically coupled to the base unit via the interface connector 190. If present, the interface unit facilitates data communication with both the base unit 110 and one or more remote servers 280, which facilitates communication with various emergency and medical resources as needed. obtain. Power can be supplied to the base unit from either the interface unit 200 or the portable charger 290 via the interface connector 190. Where appropriate, power from the external source may be supplied to the interface unit via the base unit 110 and the interface connector 190.

The mobile communication device 105 or other USB power source may be electrically coupled to the base unit via the connector port 195. If present, the mobile communication device 105 facilitates data communication with both the base unit 110 and the remote server 280. Power may be provided to the base unit via connector 195 from either the mobile communication device 105 or any other USB power source.

The wireless charging receiver 174 can facilitate the reception of inductive charging power from the home dock 294 (b) or any other suitable wireless charging station 294 (c). In some embodiments, the Home Dock 294 (c) can also be configured to facilitate communication with the base unit 110 via the short-range communication interface 199 and also to communicate with the remote server 280.

Battery Charge Management There are a variety of different power management strategies that can be used to manage the charge of the base unit battery. In general, the goal is to ensure that the base defibrillator unit 110 is always functioning, or if the battery is not recharged or replaced when needed, the defibrillator will function as much as possible. It is to ensure that it remains. It should be understood that the battery life of a defibrillator unit is not indefinite, as it consumes some power during storage. For example, the base defibrillator unit must be started periodically to perform the required routine status checks. The frequency of testing can vary widely, but in some embodiments self-checks are performed daily or every few days, weekly, monthly, or at other appropriate intervals. In some implementations, different levels of self-testing can be performed at different frequencies. For example, some tests are run daily (once a day), others are run weekly, and others are run monthly or at other appropriate intervals. In some situations, some self-testing may even include charging the discharge capacitor to the level required to deliver a defibrillation shock that consumes a non-negligible amount of power.

In some embodiments, the defibrillator controller 130 or the battery charge / maintenance controller monitors the charge status of the power storage unit 170. This monitoring can be done on a regular or continuous basis, depending on the needs of any particular system. As an example, such monitoring can be performed on a regular basis when the defibrillator is not in use, eg, by making it part of a regularly scheduled self-test. In some embodiments, the charging status check is more frequent or continuous during the use / use of the defibrillator, eg, during an emergency incident, training session, or various surveillance activities. Will be implemented.

As mentioned above, the general goal is to ensure that the base defibrillator unit 110 is always functioning, or at least as long as possible. Thus, in some embodiments, power is drawn from the attached or connected device to charge the storage unit 170, as appropriate. One suitable approach for managing such power draws is described with reference to FIG.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 8, the battery check 401 of the base unit is periodically executed. These checks are performed as part of a regular self-test at any desired frequency (eg, daily, weekly, or any other desired frequency) and at any other time deemed appropriate (eg, optional). Can be performed when the defibrillator is powered on for the purpose of, when a shock is applied, when the device is first connected to the defibrillator via any of the connectors, etc.) .. When the battery check is performed, the current charge level of the power storage unit is detected, as shown in block 403. The current charge level can be determined using any suitable charge level detection approach, such as reading the voltage level of the batteries that make up the storage unit.

The detected charge level is then compared to the charge threshold, below which the charge level represents the charge level at which the power storage unit 170 should be charged. If the current charge level exceeds the charge threshold, it is not necessary to recharge the power storage unit 170 at this point. In such a situation, the current charge level is recorded in the test log and the battery check is completed, as shown in block 408. Conversely, if check 405 determines that the charge level is below the charge threshold, then whether recharge power is available from any attached (or connected) device, as shown in block 410. It is judged.

For example, if one or more of the interface unit 200 and / or the auxiliary battery pack 290 is installed, step 410 is whether such device has enough power to charge the storage unit 170. To judge. If so, as shown in block 413, power is drawn from the attached device to charge the power storage unit. If both the interface unit 200 and the auxiliary battery pack 290 are attached to the base unit 110, charging power is usually first drawn from the auxiliary battery pack to the extent that such power is available. However, in other embodiments, the determination from which mounted unit first draws recharge power may include other criteria, such as the relative charge level of the interface unit vs. auxiliary battery pack. Of course, if other components that can supply charging power are installed in the base unit, the power will also be supplied from those components, and if there are multiple installed devices, the component will supply the charging power. The order used for can be properly determined for any particular system. When charging of the power storage unit is complete, the charging status is recorded, as indicated by block 408. The information logged and the nature and structure of the logs used can vary based on the perceived needs of any particular system. As an example, using the charge log, the time during which charging occurred, the length of the charging period, the level before and after charging the power storage unit, the device from which power was drawn (eg, auxiliary battery pack 290, interface unit 200, etc.), Parameters such as levels before and after charging the battery of the powered device can be identified. If the charge log is separate from the test log, the fact that charging has occurred and other desired parameters may also be recorded in the test log.

If there is no attached device capable of supplying recharge power (as represented by the "no" branch from block 410), the charge level is specified, as represented by determination block 415. A determination is made as to whether the charge level is below the minimum operating charge level. If so, observe the device that the low battery status indicator (eg, indicator 176 (b)) is low on battery and needs to be recharged, as represented by block 417. Can be activated to inform the person who is. If an interface unit is provided, the interface unit may be notified of low battery status and an appropriate message may be sent to the device administrator informing it that the defibrillator needs to be charged.

Regardless of whether the battery charge level is determined to be low, the current charge level and status will be as represented by block 408, as well as any determination to activate the low battery status indicator. It is logged.

The charge thresholds used in the recharge determination 405 may (but need not be) be different from the minimum operating charge level used in the low battery determination 415 because they are based on potentially different criteria. ) Should be understood. The charge determination may be based in part on charging considerations that promote long battery life, in addition to having sufficient energy to handle potential cardiac incidents. In contrast, the low battery check is primarily based on having enough energy to handle a potential cardiac incident.

Generally, when a device is plugged into connector port 195, the connection is expected to be essentially more temporary. Therefore, different charging schemes may be used if the device is first plugged into connector port 195 and is as described below with respect to FIG. However, if such a device remains connected for an extended period of time, the power drawn from the device can be managed differently, eg, according to the approach described above with respect to FIG. 8, or in another suitable way.

Next, with reference to the flowchart of FIG. 9, a power draw management method 420 suitable for use when a device (mobile communication device or the like) is plugged into the connector port 195 will be described. For the purposes of this description, it is assumed that the connected device is a mobile phone, but the process may generally be similar for other connected devices, taking into account the specific features of such devices. ..

When the presence of a connected device is detected, the defibrillator controller 130 (or other charge management structure such as a battery charge / maintenance controller) determines if power is available from the connected device ( Step 424). This can be achieved by querying the connected device, receiving an initial message from the connected device, or simply detecting the presence of power in the connector's power line, or any other suitable method. If power is not available, the charge power management query ends for the connected device. If power is available, the defibrillator controller 130 determines what, if any, the base unit wants to do with the available power. How the available power is used depends on whether there is an emergency, the charge level of the base unit battery 170, the charge level of the connected device 105, and any other of the defibrillator system 100. Depends on multiple factors, including battery charge levels, such as the connected components of the interface unit 200 and / or auxiliary battery pack 290 (if one or both of these components are present).

If it is determined that power is available from the connected device, a determination is made as to whether the current use of the device is considered urgent (or at least a potential emergency), as represented by determination block 427. Will be done. Classification of current events as emergencies (or potential emergencies) can be done in a number of different ways, depending on the function of the defibrillator and the desired operating characteristics. For example, whenever the user activates the base defibrillator unit by pressing the power-on button 183, it can be considered a potential emergency. Similarly, if the user indicates emergency by selecting the emergency button on the graphical user interface displayed by the defibrillator app running on the connected device 105 or interface unit 200, it will be It can be considered an emergency or a potential emergency. In yet another embodiment, whenever the device is first plugged into the base unit via connector 195, it can be considered a potential emergency. Of course, emergencies can be identified in various other ways in other embodiments.

If the current situation is understood to be a potential emergency (as represented by the "yes" branch from decision block 427), then the discharge capacitor state is charged, as represented by decision block 429. It is determined whether or not it is set to. If so, the available power from the connected device 105 can be used to supplement the charge of the discharge capacitor 150, as represented by block 431. This is desirable because in an emergency, the operation of the base unit 110 and charging the discharge capacitor as needed is a top priority. Generally, the power of the device can be used to supplement the charging of the discharge capacitor until charging is complete, after which the state of the discharging capacitor is set to "charged".

When to charge the discharge capacitor can be determined by various methods. In some embodiments, the capacitor state is set to charge (and therefore start charging) as soon as a potential emergency is determined to exist, and defibrillate as soon as a shockable rhythm is detected. Make the defibrillator ready for shock (this is in contrast to traditional battery-based defibrillators, which often start charging the discharge capacitor only after a shockable rhythm is detected. Note that there is). In another embodiment, charging can be initiated whenever the user accesses the electrode pad 116, for example by pulling a tab to pull the electrode pad out of the base unit housing 120. In other embodiments, when the base unit 110 is first turned on, or when the mobile communication device 105 is first connected to the base defibrillator unit 110 as described, a potential emergency and Deemed, charging of the discharge capacitor may begin. Some of these scenarios are described in more detail by the applicant's US Pat. No. 10,029,109, which is incorporated herein by reference. The incorporated '109 patent also describes a variety of other triggers that can be used to initiate charging of the discharge capacitor. In the circumstances described above, it is noteworthy that charging is initiated before the determination of whether the patient has a shockable rhythm is made. In yet another embodiment, the discharge capacitor can be charged only after a shockable rhythm is detected (ie, using the more conventional discharge capacitor charge timing).

Charging (recharging) of the discharge capacitor can be started automatically after the discharge has occurred and / or at some other appropriate time (eg, when a shockable continuation of tuning is detected after the discharge has occurred). .. Of course, charging can be initiated in a variety of other situations, for example, as part of a test protocol, or in other suitable situations. The power from the connected device can be used to supplement the charging of the discharge capacitor even in these situations, if desired.

As mentioned earlier, being able to use the power from a connected mobile communication device to charge a discharge capacitor can dramatically reduce the risk of an emergency defibrillator becoming unusable due to a dead battery. , Can be a big advantage. Power can be supplied when the defibrillator battery 170 (and the battery of any other attached unit) is discharged (preferably rare) to the point where it cannot be used to charge the discharge capacitor 150. A smartphone, tablet computer, or other portable device can be plugged into the base unit 110 via connector port 195, and the power is (a) any electronic device on the defibrillator (such as a speaker). Can be withdrawn from such a device, as needed, both to power (including the user interface items of) and (b) to power to charge the discharge capacitor 150. Smartphones and other mobile communication devices are almost everywhere at this stage, so this feature allows them to defibrillate in an emergency, even if the battery is not maintained and charged as expected. The risk of the instrument system becoming unusable can be significantly reduced. This is the risk of unavailability even if the public defibrillator is not properly managed (which has actually been shown to be a significant risk factor in some facilities). Can help alleviate.

When drawing power from the mobile communication device 105, it is important that the current drawn from the mobile communication device does not exceed the maximum permissible power supply current of the connected device. This is important because many mobile phones and other devices cut off power to external devices when the draw current is exceeded. A current regulator 143 can be used to ensure that the current draw does not exceed the capabilities of the connected device. The incorporated '109 patent is to control the current draw, maintain a continuous current draw from the connected device, and, if desired, maximize the current draw based on the capabilities of the connected device. Multiple current conditioning circuits are described, including programmable circuits that can be used in.

Returning to FIG. 9, if the emergency is not recognized when the mobile device is connected to the base unit via connector port 195 (as represented by the "no" branch from decision block 427), defibrillate. The mobilizer controller 130 (or other charge management component) determines if the base unit battery needs to be charged, as represented by block 435. The same action can be performed if the state of the discharge capacitor is not set to "charge" or if the discharge capacitor has been charged, as represented by the "no" branch from decision block 429.

When the base unit battery 170 needs to be charged, power is drawn from the connected device to charge the base unit battery, as represented by block 437. The charge level threshold used in determining whether to draw power from the connected device 105 to charge the base unit battery is when determining whether to charge the base unit battery from the attached device. It should be understood that it can (but does not have to be) different from the charge level threshold used. This is due to the effort to use the connection as an opportunity to charge the entire defibrillator system, as the connection to the device via connector port 195 is generally expected to be more temporary in nature. Because it is done. Of course, various other factors can be considered when deciding whether to draw current from the connected device to charge the battery of the base unit, including the charge level of the connected device.

As represented by block 440 if the base unit battery does not require charging (as represented by the "no" branch of decision block 435) or after the base unit battery has been charged to the desired level. It is determined whether the attached interface unit 200 needs to be charged. If an attached interface unit is present and it needs to be charged, power is drawn from the connected device to charge the interface unit, as represented by block 442.

If the interface unit 200 is not connected to the base unit 110 (as represented by the "no" branch from decision block 440), or if the interface unit does not need to be charged or is already charged. As indicated by block 444, a determination is made as to whether the attached auxiliary battery pack 290 requires charging. If an auxiliary battery pack 290 is present and it needs to be charged, power is drawn from the connected device to charge the auxiliary battery pack, as represented by block 446. As long as there are independently battery-powered components attached directly or indirectly to the base unit, they can be charged using the same charging scheme. In the embodiments described, the base unit has the highest charging priority, the interface unit has the second highest priority, and the auxiliary battery pack has a lower priority than either the base unit or the interface unit. .. The base unit has the highest priority because it is a potentially life-saving component. The interface unit is the second highest priority because it provides highly useful communication and reporting capabilities, both in emergencies and to facilitate non-emergency management, maintenance and support of defibrillators. Have a degree.

In some embodiments, the charge power distribution is managed by the defibrillator controller 130 or other charge management logic on the base unit. Therefore, in some situations, the base unit can always interrupt the charging session. One such situation is when it is determined that an external power source is needed for other purposes, such as charging a discharge capacitor. Another example is when the charge level of the connected device 105 is below a specified threshold and the defibrillator never needs power to function in an emergency. The trigger for such a determination can be based on a wide variety of different criteria.

A situation can occur in which the interface unit battery is completely discharged when a mobile device is connected. In such a situation, the defibrillator controller 130 can make a positive decision to power the interface unit 200 at any time. In the embodiments shown, if power is used to charge the discharge capacitor, this is not the first thing to do in an emergency. The reason is that again, ensuring that the base unit is fully functional is always a top priority. However, in other embodiments, other preferred schemes may be used. When the power from the connected device 105 becomes available for other purposes, the defibrillator can provide operating power to the interface unit, whereby the interface unit is intended to be represented by block 449. Can work in a way.

The above battery charge management is described using the flow chart configuration. Therefore, for the purposes of this description, the processes are primarily described in a particular order. It is clear that in many cases this particular order is not important. Some actions may be combined and other actions may be analyzed into multiple actions. You can also get the same functionality using different behaviors. In other embodiments, selected steps may be deleted or modified to meet the needs of any particular application.

Status Indicators In the embodiments shown in FIGS. 2A-2G, the base unit has a status indicator interface 175 that includes a plurality of indicator lights 176 (a)-(d), as best seen in FIG. 2D. The particular indicators provided and the information conveyed by the particular indicators may vary depending on the recognized needs of any particular embodiment. In the embodiments shown, each indicator 176 has a related icon 178 that graphically shows the relevance of the related indicators. In the embodiments shown, the indicator light 176 includes a pad status indicator 176 (a), a battery charge level indicator 176 (b), a warning indicator 176 (c), and a function indicator 176 (d).

In one particular implementation, the pad status indicator 176 (a) lights up when / sometimes the electrode pad 116 is not attached, giving the user visual feedback that the pad is missing or not attached. .. The low battery indicator 176 (b) indicates that the battery is low and needs to be recharged (or if it needs to be replaced-this is especially important in embodiments that do not include a rechargeable battery). Light. If the self-test of the base unit determines that the device is not functioning properly and should not be used, the warning indicator 176 (c) lights up (eg, lights up in red). The function indicator 176 (d) lights green when the base unit is functioning normally and does not require attention or maintenance. If desired, the function indicator 176 (d) is lit in a different color (eg, yellow) and / or, if not, maintenance or other attention to the device is recommended. Different signals (eg, blinking signals) can be displayed. For illustration purposes, certain types of indicators and specific indicator colors are given, but the nature of the specific indicators used and / or the colors of the various status indicator lights when indicator lighting is used. It should be understood that the and properties can vary depending on the design goals of the UI.

In some embodiments, electronic ink (e-ink) or an equivalent thereof can be used to indicate status. Specifically, the graphic may be configured to display the latest functional status. A desirable feature of using e-ink type technology is that it only requires energy to change its state. Therefore, if the device becomes inoperable for any reason, there is still a good indication of the status of the device (eg low battery, device is not functioning, etc.).

Defibrillator Control In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the base unit is a fully functional defibrillator. As such, the base unit analyzes the patient's heart rhythm to determine if it is a shockable heart tune and, if so, provides all the components and functions needed to deliver the shock to the patient. To do. It is also suitable for instructing the user how to operate the unit and receiving any required user input (eg, start shock command if user input is required to actually deliver the shock). It also has a user interface.

In some embodiments, in an emergency, if the interface unit 200 is attached to the base unit or the mobile communication device 105 is connected to the base unit, the interface unit and / or mobile device is a base defibrillator. It does not control the operation of the unit 110 at all. However, the base defibrillator may be configured to send instructions to an attached or connected device as needed. This approach has several potential benefits. Most notably, it virtually eliminates the risk of malfunction or dysfunction that can occur if an interface unit or mobile device (if applicable) is accidentally disconnected during an incident. It also substantially eliminates the risk that if either the interface unit or the mobile device fails, the defibrillator unit itself becomes unusable or unsuitable for its intended purpose. Therefore, the described architecture can have great advantages in terms of safety. Such an architecture also has potential advantages in terms of regulatory review. Specifically, as mentioned above, some jurisdictions have different configurations by operating the base defibrillator unit in substantially the same manner, whether or not the interface unit is installed. The need for redundant full-scale approval can be reduced or eliminated.

When an interface unit, or mobile communication device running a defibrillator app, is connected to the base unit during an emergency incident, the base unit can send a variety of different information and / or commands to such components. .. For example, an interface unit or connected device synchronizes with the instructions provided by the base unit itself (which may take the form of voice instructions provided by the base unit) and generally supplements the graphics and / or text. You may be instructed to display the instructions. This can provide more comfortable instructions to a particular type of user than strictly voice instructions and / or basic graphics that may be present only on the base unit.

During and / or after an incident, the base unit 110 appropriately forwards incident information to emergency personnel via any available communication link (eg, cellular, WiFi, or other available communication link). Can be passed to the interface unit 200 or the mobile communication device 105. Such information can be very helpful to first-time responders and medical staff in assessing patients who have experienced cardiac arrest.

In some alternative embodiments that incorporate a touch-sensitive display screen, the user may enter commands such as the start shock command into the defibrillator while in use by pressing a GUI button displayed on the screen 220. .. Somewhat similarly, in some embodiments, the selected function of the defibrillator controller 130, such as shockable cardiac rhythm detection and / or other aspects of the defibrillator control function, is present. , Can be offloaded to the interface unit.

Synchronizing instructions As described above, when the interface unit 200 or the mobile communication device 105 with the defibrillator app installed is connected to the base defibrillator unit 110 in an emergency, the connected device becomes the base. It may be configured to display to the user graphic instructions that match the instructions issued by the unit (eg, voice instructions issued by the base unit; however, the base unit may also issue other forms of instructions). When the base unit gives different instructions to the user, the graphic instructions displayed on the mobile communication device or interface unit change to match the instructions from the base unit.

Synchronization between the base unit and the connected interface unit or mobile communication device can be achieved using a variety of different approaches. As an example, one suitable approach will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. In the embodiments shown, the base unit is configured to periodically send status messages to any display device (eg, interface unit 200 and / or connected mobile device 105) connected to the base unit. ing. In some embodiments, status messages are sent on a regular basis. The particular intervals used can vary, but are preferably quite frequent. As an example, the frequency of ordering several status messages per second works well (eg 3-20Hz). In a particular example, the status message is sent every 0.1 seconds (ie, at a frequency of 10 Hz). If the base unit issues the instruction as a voice instruction, the new graphic display preferably synchronizes well with the corresponding voice instruction, and the graphic instruction is any voice instruction that can be given to provide a positive user experience. The status message interval is chosen to be short enough so that it is not significantly delayed.

The status message contains information about the current state of the base unit. The particular status information sent may vary depending on the needs of any particular application. As an example, in some embodiments, the reported status information may include one or more of the following: (I) Operating state of the base unit. The operating state may indicate, for example, whether the base unit is activated in emergency mode, in training mode, in active non-emergency mode, and so on. In some embodiments, the operating state can be analyzed more narrowly so that the operating state indicates the current indicated state of the base unit. In other embodiments where the operating state does not indicate an indicated state, the status information may include (ii) a sign of the current instruction (if any) currently issued or recently issued by the base unit to the user.

When the defibrillator is activated in emergency mode, the reported information is, for example, (iii) a time stamp or equivalent indicating when the base unit was in emergency mode, (iv) a defibrillation shock. An indicator of whether or not the shock was delivered, and if so, a time stamp or equivalent indicating the time each defibrillation shock was delivered, (v) the energy level of each shock delivered, (vi) delivered. Wavelets associated with each shock, (vii) shock / no shock classification of any / detected all ECG analysis (and / or, if a more detailed classification is performed, the associated cardioversion classification), ( viii) Time stamps or equivalents associated with each ECG analysis, (ix) recorded ECG samples, (x) whether the base unit detects that electrode pads are attached to the patient, and (xi) AED. It may take the form of incident information as one or more of reports of any defects detected during the activation of.

If the defibrillator is not in emergency mode, the reported information is further installed (xii) battery charge level, (xiii) charge status (ie, whether the base unit is recharged or not), (xiv). Firmware version, (xv) latest firmware installation date and time, (xvi) hardware version, (xvii) serial number, (xvii) set of recent self-test results (eg, last 30 days), and (xix) ) May include one or more of the functional status of the base unit.

Of course, the specific information conveyed as part of the status message excludes more, less, or different information, and / or transmitted information as appropriate for any particular implementation. It can change significantly by making appropriate changes based on the operating state of the defibrillator.

A compatible external device receives this status message and uses that data to determine which graphic to display. One feature of the described embodiments is that the external device does not provide the user with instructions that are inconsistent with the instructions (voice or otherwise) received from the base unit.

In some embodiments, the compatible external device has a stored library / dictionary / database that pairs the instruction state received from the base unit with the particular graphic or graphic state of the external device. This ensures that compatible external devices provide the correct graphic instructions. When the external device receives a status message from the base unit (providing information about what instructions the base unit is currently delivering), the external device checks its database and which graphic instructions (if any) are present. Determine if it corresponds to the current state of the defibrillator and therefore should be displayed. When the corresponding graphic instruction is found, the processor of the external device instructs its display screen to display the corresponding graphic. With this in mind, in some embodiments, the refresh rate of the displayed graphic may be set based on how often the base unit sends status updates to an external device to which it is connected. The more frequently status updates are sent, the higher the refresh rate of the displayed graphics.

FIG. 12 graphically illustrates a portion of a state table in which the defibrillator indication state is paired with a particular graphic to be displayed on the interface unit and mobile device. The graphic may be a still image, a short animation (eg, GIF), an image sequence, or other suitable graphic, with or without appropriate text depending on each particular instructional state. In many cases, the graphics displayed on the interface unit are very similar to the graphics displayed on mobile devices, but this is not required. For simplicity, the table in FIG. 12 shows only some representative instructional states, and it is expected that more states will be provided. Of course, the particular conditions shown are only representative and can be significantly modified to accommodate the desired instruction flow.

It should be understood that more complex algorithms / methods can be implemented to deal with outliers / false signals in the data stream. For example, if a connected device receives a corrupted fake / incorrect status message while sending from the base unit, the correct corruption from the base unit instead of immediately displaying the new corresponding (wrong) graphic. It may be necessary to receive multiple status messages to reconfirm that you have received information that you did not receive.

In some cases, it may be useful for the connected device to know in advance which instructions the base unit intends to provide to the user. This is useful because some display screens may have delays associated with displaying new graphics. To accommodate such a plan, the status message may also include an indicator of the following, as well as an indicator of when such an instruction is generated. In embodiments that transmit the current state, the next indicator may take the form of a sign for the next expected state. Upon receiving the indication of the next instruction on the base unit, the external device can make advance preparations for displaying the next corresponding graphic.

Another notable feature of supplemental graphics management concerns the handling of emergency disconnections and / or poor connections. In some embodiments, if the connected external device disconnects from the base unit while displaying the sync graphic in an emergency, it goes into backup mode. In backup mode, the external device displays graphic instructions that do not conflict with the instructions on the base unit.

The specific graphics and / or instructions displayed in backup mode may vary depending on the design goals. For example, in one embodiment where the display is relatively large, the connected external device returns to a single screen displaying all instructions for using the defibrillator as instructions in an ordered set. Such indications can be text and / or graphic instructions. In another embodiment, the backup mode may be configured to allow the user to manually navigate the graphic instructions, for example using the back and forth arrows. In another embodiment, the screen may display text or graphics indicating poor connectivity and that the user should follow the voice instructions of the base unit. Of course, various other specific graphics and / or instructions may be provided in other implementations.

Next, a typical synchronous graphic management process 400 will be described with reference to FIG. As suggested above, the base unit is configured to periodically send status messages to any display device connected to it. Therefore, the connected external device (eg, the interface unit 200 and / or the connected mobile device 105) periodically receives a status message from the base unit. When a status message is received (as represented by the "yes" branch of check 402), the logic determines if the status message contains an indicated state, as represented by check 404. If so, the logic determines if the currently displayed graphic corresponds to the indicated state, as represented by check 406. If so, the current display is maintained and the logic attempts to receive the next status message, as represented by the "yes" branch from check 406. Alternatively, if the current graphic does not match the instructions in check 406, the logic checks the database to find the corresponding graphic, as represented by block 408. If a corresponding graphic is found, as represented by the "yes" branch from check 410, then that "new" graphic is displayed, as represented by block 412. The logic then attempts to receive the next status message:

As suggested above, in many implementations the base unit is expected to send updated status messages on a regular basis. If the status message is not received as expected (as represented by the "No" branch of check 402), check 421 is the time since the last valid message was received exceeds the specified allowed time. Please be done about. This can be achieved by examining the time since the last status message was received from the base unit. After a set amount of time (eg, 1 second, 0.5 seconds, 0.1 seconds, etc.) elapses without receiving a status message from the base unit, the external device loses or connects to the base unit. Guess that the condition is bad and use backup mode as represented by block 423. Once in backup mode, you will see the appropriate backup graphic as described above. Alternatively, if the permissible period has not been exceeded, the logic waits for the next incoming status message, as represented by the "no" branch from check 421. In the embodiments shown, the timeout period is longer than the expected status message reception interval. This is not a strict requirement, but such an approach provides a system robust enough to handle occasional dropped or corrupted packets.

It should be understood that poor connectivity can be inferred using other metrics, such as corrupted status messages, unreadable data, or a series of nonsensical instructions. Therefore, if the received status message does not contain a readable instruction state (as represented by the "no" branch of check 404), or received (as represented by the "no" branch of check 410). If no graphic corresponding to the indicated instruction state is found, the timeout synchronization logic may treat those events as non-receipt of new instructions in the timeout check 421. Therefore, in some embodiments, the reception time of the last valid message used in the timeout check 421 can only be updated after verification of the instruction state received in the status message. As an example, such verification may be based on confirmation from check 406 or 412, or in any other suitable manner.

It should also be understood that not all messages received by connected devices in an emergency are necessarily status messages. Rather, with other information that may be useful in communicating with remote locations, displaying or transmitting detected EKG (electrocardiogram) rhythms to the corresponding emergency personnel or healthcare professionals, and / or managing and / or reporting incidents. There can be various other communications between the units to facilitate their communications.

As pointed out in the Multimedia Usage Scenario Background section, AEDs are deployed in a variety of public and private locations, making them available in the event of cardiac arrest for nearby people. Unfortunately, studies have shown that even if AEDs are available nearby, they are often not used in the event of a cardiac arrest incident. There are several factors that make AEDs underutilized. One important usage barrier is that untrained people are reluctant to use unfamiliar equipment in situations where they are unfamiliar and subject to high untrained pressure. Therefore, there are many organizations that seek to educate the general public about basic life-saving techniques such as the use of CPR and AEDs.

The display screen on the interface unit 200 can have a relatively high resolution, which is equivalent to, for example, the resolution of the display screen used in mobile communication devices. The interface unit processor 210 may have significant computing resources and the memory 213 may be large enough to support storage of video files. These abilities support AED training scenarios that are quite different from existing training programs. Specifically, AEDs are often installed in cabinets in high-traffic areas of public places. If a charging dock and interface unit 200 are provided, the interface unit may be configured to display an AED training video while the defibrillator is operating in standby (non-emergency) mode. In some embodiments, the training video can be interactive in nature. This is because the interface unit 200 is installed in a public place where passers-by may have free time and can participate in training videos to learn about responding to cardiac arrest incidents and using AEDs. In some cases, it can be a powerful training tool.

In other embodiments, interested passers-by can plug their mobile communication device into a defibrillator or communicate with the defibrillator via a wireless link (eg, Bluetooth). there is a possibility. This allows training of cardiac arrest responses using the learner's own personal device, which is believed to be a powerful educational tool.

Inductive charging In many of the above embodiments, a connector or connector cable is used to attach the base defibrillator unit 110 to the interface unit 200, mobile device 105, battery pack 290, and / or any other component. Electrically couples to other components. However, in other embodiments, such a connection can be completely wireless. As mentioned above, if the base unit includes an inductive charging receptor, the inductive charging station on the dock suitable for storing the base unit is used to power, charge, and / or re-power the base unit. It can be charged. The same receptor can be used to receive power from auxiliary battery packs, mobile devices, interface units, or other components that support wireless charging.

Wireless charging is expected to become a common feature in smartphones and other mobile communication devices in the near future. If the mobile device is configured to support wireless inductive charging, it is possible to easily adapt it to energize peripheral devices using the same coils and circuits. The inductive charging receptor on the base defibrillator unit can be easily adapted to receive power from smartphones and other similar devices via a wireless charging interface.

In some embodiments, communication between the base unit and other devices may also be achieved wirelessly. For example, in some embodiments, the base unit and peripheral devices may each have Bluetooth (or other short-range communication) functionality to support Bluetooth or other suitable communication between the devices. In yet another embodiment, wireless communication can be achieved using an inductive charging system.

Another Embodiment FIGS. 13A-13D is a set of figures of a modular defibrillator 500 according to yet another embodiment having a slightly different form factor than the aforementioned embodiments. The version shown herein includes a base unit 510 in which the interface unit 600 is installed. In the embodiments shown, the base unit 510 includes a base unit housing 511 having a substantially square or rectangular footprint with rounded corners and rounded edges. The electrode pad cartridge 517 is slidably housed in a cartridge recess that opens into the upper end 512 of the base unit housing 511. The cartridge 517 includes a pull tab 518 that can be pulled to pull the cartridge out of the housing 511. FIG. 14 shows a cartridge in an extended position pulled out to provide access to the electrode pads.

The lower end 513 of the base unit housing 511 has a power button 183, a charging connector / contact 597, a mobile connector port 195, and (optionally) a language selector 598 and / or a pediatric selector 599, as best seen in FIG. 13C. Including. The embodiment shown is a fully automated AED and therefore no separate shock button is provided, but in other embodiments a manual shock button may also be provided. In the embodiments shown, the connector port 195 is a USB-C connector port, but in other embodiments a wide variety of other connectors may be used. Although the charging contact 597 is a surface contact, again, a wide variety of other charging connector interfaces may be used in other embodiments.

The language selector 598 provides a mechanism that allows the user to select the language of voice and text instructions, prompts and messages. In the embodiments shown, the language selector 598 takes the form of a push button, but in other embodiments a toggle switch, two or more push buttons, or various other mechanisms are used as the language selector 598. Can be done. When a particular language is selected, the defibrillator controller directs all audio and graphic instructions that should be presented to the user in the selected language.

Pediatric selectors allow the user to identify the patient as a pediatric patient. In some embodiments, the discharge capacitor 150 is charged to a lower charge level so that when the pediatric mode is selected, a lower energy shock is delivered. In another embodiment, an alternative "pediatric" path (not shown) is provided in the discharge circuit to introduce a resistor in series, thereby limiting the energy delivered to the patient. In yet other embodiments, separate pediatric pads are provided or other approaches can be used to adequately limit discharge for pediatric patients.

As best seen in FIG. 14, in the embodiment shown, the electrode pad cartridge 517 takes the form of a drawer that can be pulled out of the upper end 512 of the housing 511 by pulling on the pull tab 518. When the cartridge 517 is pulled out of the housing, its contents can be easily accessed. The electrode pad (not shown) is housed in the cartridge 517. In some embodiments, other items that may be useful in the event of an incident, such as scissors 531 and razors, may also be stored in the cartridge 517. Keeping scissors and / or other useful items inside the cartridge so that they are easily accessible and will not be easily lost or misplaced, or accidentally misplaced in the accessory bag. It can help ensure that it is available when needed.

In some embodiments, the pull tab 518 is an extension of the removable flexible cartridge cover 519 that is adhered to the base 521 of the cartridge. Such a cover 519 can be easily removed from the cartridge base 521 to expose / access the electrode pads. In some embodiments, the flexible cover 519 seals (or seals) the cartridge. Of course, a wide variety of other cartridge shapes are possible. As an example, in some embodiments (not shown), the pull tab 518 can be attached to the cartridge base or formed integrally with the cartridge base. In some embodiments, the cover 519 may be removed such that the cartridge base 521 takes the form of an open drawer. The defibrillator may also include one or more cartridge sensors (not shown) that detect when the electrode pad cartridge 517 was securely connected and when the cartridge was removed (pulled out) from the housing. .. The electrode pads are electrically connected to the base unit and remain connected when the cartridge is pulled out of the housing.

An alternative cartridge design is set forth in US Provisional Application No. 62 / 737,032 filed September 26, 2018, which is incorporated herein by reference.
The base unit housing 511 may also include speaker holes 181 that provide an opening through which sound from adjacent speakers 180 can pass. In the embodiment shown, the speaker is located above the defibrillator unit 500, so that the speaker hole is at the top 512 of the housing 511. However, it should be understood that the speakers (and associated speaker holes) can be placed in any suitable location on the base unit.

As best seen in FIGS. 15A and 15B, the base unit housing 511 includes a module receptor 508 in front of it. Floor 509 of the module receptor 508 includes an interface connector 190 that facilitates electrical connection of the interface unit 600 to the base unit 510. When the interface unit 600 is used, the interface unit can be securely attached to the module receptor 508 by a latch or other suitable mechanism. When not using the interface unit 600, a card or placard 505 (FIG. 16) or other suitable item is placed on the module receptacle, eg, a sign indicating that the device is an AED, operational instructions, and / or It can provide the user with potentially useful information, such as other information that may be useful. The placard may be held in place by the same latching mechanism used to secure the interface unit 600 to the base unit 510. 13A-13D show a defibrillator 500 with an interface unit 600 installed on the module receptor 508 of the base unit. FIG. 14 shows a defibrillator 500 with a placard 505 placed on the module receptor 508.

Latch and alignment configurations suitable for detachably coupling the interface unit 600 (or placard 505) to the base unit 510 are shown in FIGS. 15A-15C. In the embodiments shown, the base unit 510 has an alignment element 545, a pair of notch recesses 547 on either side of the alignment element 545, and a pair of catch recesses 549 at the ends opposite the alignment element. Including. The alignment element 545 and the notch recess 547 are best seen in FIG. 15A, and the catch recess 549 is best seen in FIG. 15B. The device to be inserted (eg, interface unit 600 or placard 505) includes an alignment slot 645, a pair of protrusions or nubs 647, and a pair of latches 649. The alignment slot 645 and latch 649 are best seen in FIG. 15C. The protrusion / nub 647 is best seen in FIG. 15B. The protrusion / nub 647 is located on the bottom edge of the inserted device, with the alignment slot 645 extending above the alignment element 545 to accommodate the alignment element 545 on the bottom wall of the module receptor 508. It is configured to be inserted into a recessed notch. In the embodiments shown, the alignment element 545 takes the form of a ridge-shaped protrusion extending upward from the floor 509 of the module receptor 508 at the lower end of the module receptor 508. The alignment element / notch configuration helps ensure that the inserted device is inserted into the module receptor in the correct orientation. The latch 649 at the top of the inserted device is configured to fit into the catch recess 549 at the top of the module receptor. As can be seen from the figure, the latch configuration shown allows the inserted device (eg, interface module 600, placard 505) to be tightly coupled to the module receptacle 508 and the coupled device to be held upside down. The inserted device can be held in place regardless of whether it is pressed, dropped, or treated roughly.

As most often seen in FIG. 15A, the upper end of the base unit housing 511 may have a pair of pinholes through which the pins are inserted to elastically push the catch portion of the latch out of the catch recess 549. The latch 649 can be released by. In some embodiments, a dedicated release tool is provided to make the release of the device easier. For example, the release tool takes the form of a bar with a pair of parallel pins spaced the same distance as a pinhole 551 extending to one side of the bar. Such tools can be used to quickly release the interface unit or other inserted device from the base unit 510.

As mentioned above, floor 509 of module receptor 508 may include a set of surface contacts that act as interface connectors 190. The interface module 600 may include a connector 240 configured to engage the interface connector 190 in order to electrically couple the interface unit to the base unit as described above. When the interface unit wirelessly communicates with the base unit (eg, using Bluetooth communication), connectors 190 and 240 can optionally be removed if power cannot be transferred between the devices, and through these connectors (eg, using Bluetooth communication). If only power (rather than data) is sent, it can be reduced to a simple power connector.

Although specific latches, alignments, and electrical connector structures are shown, the shape, orientation, and configuration of any of these elements can be significantly modified while achieving the same intended function. I want you to understand.

In various indicated embodiments, the interface units 200 and 600 are all connections that facilitate communication between a display screen that can be used to display graphics and an external device such as a remote server. Includes both features. However, it should be understood that in some alternative embodiments, the interface unit may have more restricted, broader, or simply different functionality. For example, in some embodiments, the interface unit may be configured to facilitate Wi-Fi or cellular communication, but may not include a display screen. In other embodiments, the interface unit may include a display screen and be configured to provide synchronized graphic instructions in an emergency, but may not facilitate remote communication. In yet another embodiment, a portable charger (auxiliary battery pack) or interface unit / portable charger combination may be inserted into the module receptacle 508. Of course, various other features are additionally or alternatives provided by an interface unit or other type of device that is either inserted into the module receptor 508 or otherwise attached to the base defibrillator unit. Can be done. In some embodiments, the defibrillator comprises a sensor that detects the attachment of an interface unit or portable charger, and the defibrillator controller communicates with the attached device to determine its identity or function. Can be.

Similar to some of the embodiments described above, the base unit may be secured to the dock of the charging station to facilitate charging of the defibrillator battery. The charging station can be a wall-mounted charging station, a desktop charging station, or any other suitable form factor. The charging station may include clips, pockets, connectors, or other suitable mounting mechanisms to securely hold the defibrillator unit 500 in place when docked with the charging station. In some embodiments, the sidewalls of the base unit housing are engaged by complementary mechanisms such as spring clips on the charging station to help secure the base unit when the base unit is docked to the base station. It may include recesses, nubs, or other protrusions that can be made.

Other Features In many of the embodiments described above, the interface unit 200 or an intelligent device such as a smartphone or other mobile communication device may be connected to or connected to the base unit either wirelessly or via a wired connection. It is possible. Instructions are sent from the base unit to the connected device, which may provide supplementary functions such as calling emergency services (eg, 911 in the United States). In some embodiments, care is taken to ensure that the connected device never changes the functionality of the base unit. For example, if the base unit issues voice instructions when it is not connected to an external device, the intelligent device may present supplementary graphics or other material that synchronizes with the instructions issued by the base unit. Issue the same voice instructions when connected to. Such an approach has significant safety (and regulatory review) advantages in that the base unit functions in the same way regardless of what other power or auxiliary interface devices are connected. Conceivable.

In most of the above embodiments, the interface unit does not cover the UI buttons on the base unit. In other embodiments, the interface unit has one or more appropriately marked or labeled skins that cover one or both of the user input buttons 183 and 186 of the base unit, such skins having button functionality. Or it can be included as long as it does not interfere with accessibility. In other embodiments, non-skin structures can be used to cover the user input button as long as the button works and is easily activated.

In some embodiments, the base unit is compatible with a pouch that can be used to store accessories that may be useful in connection with the use of defibrillators. Such accessories may include items such as scissors, razors, USB cords, additional electrode pad sets, and other accessories. In yet another embodiment, the pouch may hold the primary electrode pad. In some embodiments, the pouch takes the form of a cover sleeve that fits snugly around the base unit itself. The cover sleeve can be pre-sewn to the sides, bottom, or top of the unit itself, or can be provided as an add-on that completely encloses the base unit. As with any other component, it is important that the pouch does not block the power button, shock button, electrode pad, or other important component of the system. In yet other embodiments, the base unit itself, or the interface unit, or any other connected device, may contain scissors and / or a razor and / or any other item of interest.

In yet other embodiments, the CPR feedback mechanism may be integrated into the interface unit or provided as a separate module. The CPR feedback mechanism may include, for example, a pad that is placed on the patient's heart during CPR and detects the depth of compression during CPR. Such information can be used in an interface unit or CPR module to provide user feedback on the CPR being applied, such as pushing harder, pushing too hard, slowing down, speeding up, and so on.

From the above, the system described is highly modular, with various components including an interface unit, auxiliary battery pack, wireless charging station, storage cradle, wall mount, desk mount, and / or other accessories. It is clear that it can be attached directly or indirectly to the base unit. Other devices, such as smartphones and other mobile communication devices, can also be easily connected to the base unit to further extend the capabilities of the defibrillator.

Although only some embodiments of the invention have been described in detail, it should be understood that the invention may be practiced in many other embodiments without departing from the technical ideas or scope of the invention. For example, specific logic and electronic circuits have been described to facilitate the description of various aspects of the invention, but the actual electronic circuits, algorithms and / or logics used to achieve the described functions. It should be understood that may vary widely and is not intended to be limited to the attached diagrams, drawings and flowcharts. Rather, the various components, steps, and features may be sorted, modified, added, or removed according to the designer's preferences and / or the needs of any particular implementation.

Using smartphone-based apps as the user interface has the important advantage of being user-friendly. This means that most users interact with the app on their phone every day, so packaging the user interface into the app makes people feel more comfortable in the event of an emergency that requires the use of an AED. be able to.

The app can also be configured to provide metrics related to defibrillator use. In addition, this data can be used to infer general AED performance, conduct surveys of people's reactions to emergencies, and ultimately signal product redesigns.

The various control methods described herein may be implemented using software or firmware running on the defibrillator controller processor or any other processor properly programmed with the appropriate control algorithm. .. Alternatively, if desired, the function may be implemented in the form of programmable logic (eg, programmable logic array, FPGA, etc.), or using an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC) or a combination of any of the above.

When software or firmware algorithms are used, such algorithms are placed on the appropriate computer-readable medium in the form of executable computer code (programmed instructions), along with the actions performed when the processor executes the computer code. It is stored. The defibrillator or defibrillator controller contains suitable memory to store all of the code that should be executed by the defibrillator, and the interface unit and mobile device, respectively, should be executed there. Includes memory suitable for storing defibrillator apps and / or other software or firmware.

More generally, the described mechanical design allows modular components to be easily added and integrated with the main defibrillator circuit and mechanical design.
(A) Electrode pads were affixed because the modular defibrillator architecture described is particularly well suited for use with automated defibrillators suitable for use by the general operator. Later, there is a fully automated defibrillator, in which the defibrillator automatically delivers a shock under the appropriate circumstances, without user input, and (b) a defibrillator shockable rhythm. Very suitable for use with both semi-automatic defibrillators, which determine if and when to deliver the shock, but require a user input start shock command to actually initiate the shock. ing. Although the present invention has been described primarily in the context of automatic defibrillators, the approach described has been used with manual defibrillators and two or more different modes of operation (eg, manual, fully automatic, semi-automatic, etc.). It should be understood that it can also be used with hybrid defibrillators that can be used. In fact, a manual defibrillator app running on either a defibrillator interface or a personal mobile communication device can be an excellent interface platform for manual defibrillators or manual defibrillation mode of operation. In some embodiments, the mode of operation of the defibrillator can be changed via software updates. In such an embodiment, the responsible person can select a defibrillator located in a particular location and operate it in a particular way, eg, fully automatic, semi-automatic or manually, software on the base unit. Can be updated to facilitate the desired mode of operation.

The steps associated with the various methods described herein can vary. Steps can be modified, sorted, added, and deleted without departing from the technical ideas or scope of the invention.

Although the described form factors provide a compact design that makes the defibrillator itself very portable and easy to use, it should be understood that a variety of different form factors can be used in alternative embodiments. Similarly, we have described specific electronics, defibrillator control logic, and user interfaces, but it should be understood that all of these features can be broadly modified. Accordingly, this embodiment should be considered exemplary and not limiting, and the invention is not limited to the details given herein, and the appended claims and equality. Can be modified within the object.

Claims (112)

Defibrillator system
A base defibrillator unit that constitutes a fully functional defibrillator that can independently determine when a defibrillation shock is recommended and deliver the defibrillation shock. A capacitor unit suitable for delivering a defibrillation shock and the capacitor unit can independently store sufficient energy to facilitate charging to a level suitable for delivering the defibrillation shock. With a base defibrillator unit, including a capable battery,
An interface unit attached to the base defibrillator unit, wherein the base defibrillator unit and the attached interface unit form at least a portion of a single portable unit. As described above, attached to the base defibrillator unit and detachably coupled to the base defibrillator unit, the interface unit includes a communication module that facilitates wireless communication with a remote server. The interface unit comprises an interface unit that has no substantial function other than operating in association with the defibrillator, but is not required for the defibrillator to operate properly. Defibrillator system. Defibrillator,
A capacitor unit configured to store and discharge enough energy to deliver a defibrillation shock to the patient,
A charging circuit configured to charge the capacitor unit to a voltage suitable for delivering the defibrillation shock.
A discharge circuit suitable for discharging the capacitor unit to deliver the defibrillation shock,
A speaker for transmitting voice instructions to the user while using the defibrillator,
(I) Information that causes the speaker to transmit voice instructions to the user while the defibrillator is in use and (ii) facilitates the display of graphic user instructions on an external device that is synchronized with the voice instructions. A defibrillator with a defibrillator controller configured to send to an external device. Defibrillator,
A capacitor unit configured to store and discharge enough energy to deliver a defibrillation shock to the patient,
A charging circuit configured to charge the capacitor unit to a voltage suitable for delivering the defibrillation shock.
A discharge circuit suitable for discharging the capacitor unit to deliver the defibrillation shock,
With a first connector suitable for electrically coupling the interface unit to the defibrillator when the interface unit is physically attached to the defibrillator.
A second connector suitable for electrically coupling an external device different from the interface unit to the defibrillator.
With a defibrillator controller configured to facilitate communication with the interface unit and facilitate communication with the external device when the interface unit is physically attached to the defibrillator. Defibrillator equipped with. Defibrillator,
Defibrillator controller and
A capacitor unit configured to store and discharge enough energy to deliver a defibrillation shock to the patient,
A charging circuit configured to charge the capacitor unit to a voltage suitable for delivering the defibrillation shock.
A discharge circuit suitable for discharging the capacitor unit to deliver the defibrillation shock,
A battery configured to supply power to the defibrillator and to charge the capacitor unit.
A battery charger configured to charge the battery using power drawn from an external device,
When the external device is connected to the defibrillator during charging of the capacitor unit, the power received from the external device may be parallel to the power from the battery or of the power from the battery. A defibrillator comprising a bypass circuit that is instead supplied to the charging circuit and configured to facilitate charging of the capacitor unit. The base defibrillator unit is configured to transmit information to the interface unit during emergency use of the defibrillator system, and the base defibrillator unit is of the defibrillator. The defibrillator system according to claim 1, which does not require or utilize control instructions from the mounted interface unit or other external device during emergency use. The defibrillator according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the defibrillator is fully functional in the absence of the interface unit or external device. Any of claims 1-6, wherein the defibrillator is configured not to utilize control instructions from an attached interface unit or other external device during emergency use of the defibrillator. The defibrillator described in paragraph 1. The defibrillator controller is further equipped with a speaker.
The speaker is made to transmit a voice instruction to the user while using the defibrillator.
Information that facilitates the display of graphic user instructions on at least one of the external device and interface unit that synchronizes with the voice instruction is configured to be transmitted to at least one of the external device and interface unit. The defibrillator according to any one of claims 1 to 7. The defibrillator according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the external device is a mobile phone or other mobile communication device. The mobile phone or other mobile communication device
With the defibrillator support application installed on it,
A processor for running the defibrillator support application,
Including display screen
The defibrillator support application controls the processor to display on the display screen graphic instructions that synchronize with voice instructions provided by the defibrillator during emergency use of the defibrillator. The defibrillator according to claim 9, which is configured as such. The external unit has no substantive function other than working in conjunction with the defibrillator, but is not required for the defibrillator to operate properly. The defibrillator according to claim 2 or 4. The defibrillation according to any one of claims 1, 3, and 5 to 11, wherein the interface unit is attached to the defibrillator and detachably attached to the defibrillator. vessel. Defibrillator system
A base defibrillator unit that constitutes a fully functional defibrillator that can independently determine when a defibrillation shock is recommended and deliver the defibrillation shock. A capacitor unit suitable for delivering a defibrillation shock and the capacitor unit can independently store sufficient energy to facilitate charging to a level suitable for delivering the defibrillation shock. A base defibrillator unit, including a capable battery and a base unit housing,
An interface unit that is attached to and detachably coupled to the base defibrillator unit during emergency use of the defibrillator system based on information received from the base defibrillator unit. The base defibrillator unit includes a display screen suitable for displaying graphic instructions to the user, but does not provide control to the base defibrillator unit during emergency use of the defibrillator system. A defibrillator system with an interface unit that is not required for proper operation. The defibrillator according to any one of claims 3 and 5 to 13, wherein the interface unit further includes a communication module that facilitates wireless communication with a remote server. The interface unit includes complementary connectors that engage a first connector on the defibrillator when the interface unit is attached to the defibrillator, claims 1, 3, and 5. The defibrillator according to any one of 14 to 14. The defibrillator controller is further configured to transmit incident information to the interface unit during an emergency use of the defibrillator, the interface unit (a) the incident information to the remote server. It is configured to both transmit at least a portion of the incident information and (b) display at least a portion of the incident information to the user in response to a user request for such information. Item 2. The defibrillator according to any one of Items 1, 3, and 5 to 15. The defibrillator includes a defibrillator battery and is configured to draw power from the interface unit or external device, (a) selectively supplying auxiliary charging power during charging of the capacitor unit. (B) The drawn power can be selectively utilized for both (b) selectively supplying power for recharging the defibrillator battery, claims 1-16. The defibrillator according to any one of the above. The defibrillator includes a defibrillator battery, the interface unit includes an interface unit battery, and the defibrillator does not draw power from the defibrillator battery. The invention of any one of claims 1-17, which is configured to allow the interface unit battery to be recharged at a selected time when the device is coupled to a charger. Defibrillator. The defibrillator provides at least one of the defibrillator status information and instructions to the interface unit or external device to facilitate synchronized display of graphic instructions on the interface unit or external device. The defibrillator according to any one of claims 1 to 18, which is configured to be. The defibrillator state information or instructions are periodically updated to help ensure that the graphic instructions on the external device are synchronized with the voice instructions provided by the defibrillator. , The defibrillator according to claim 19. 20. The external device is configured to stop displaying the synchronized graphic instructions if no updates are received from the defibrillator for a period of time that exceeds a specified timeout threshold. Defibrillator. The defibrillator state information or instructions are at least 3 per second to help ensure that the graphic instructions on the external device are synchronized with the voice instructions provided by the defibrillator. The defibrillator according to any one of claims 19 to 21, which is updated at a frequency of one update. 22. The defibrillator according to claim 22, wherein the defibrillator status information or instruction is updated at a frequency of at least 10 updates per second. Further comprising a connector suitable for electrically coupling the external device to the defibrillator, the connector is configured to facilitate communication between the defibrillator controller and the external device. The defibrillator according to any one of claims 1, 2, and 4 to 23. The connector is to receive power from the external device that can be (i) assisted in charging the capacitor unit or (ii) selectively used to recharge the defibrillator battery. The defibrillator according to claim 3 or 24, which is further configured in. The connector or the second connector is
With USB connector
The defibrillator according to any one of claims 3, 24, or 25, which is selected from the group consisting of a lightning connector. The connector or the second connector is a USB connector selected from the group consisting of a USB-C connector, a USB2.0 connector, a USB3.0 connector, a USB3.1 connector, a USB mini connector, and a micro USB connector. The defibrillator according to claim 26. It further comprises an additional connector suitable for electrically coupling a second external device to the defibrillator, the additional connector being different from the connector or the second connector and the capacitor. The defibrillator according to any one of claims 3 or 24 to 27, which is configured to receive power from the second external device that can be used to assist in charging the unit. The defibrillator according to any one of claims 1 to 28, further comprising a rechargeable battery and a charge management module configured to control the recharge of the rechargeable battery. 29. The defibrillator of claim 29, further comprising a wireless charging receiver configured to receive power from the wireless charger to facilitate charging of the rechargeable battery. The defibrillator according to any one of claims 1 to 30, further comprising a wireless communication module configured to communicate with said interface unit or external device using wireless communication. The wireless communication unit uses a communication protocol selected from the group consisting of Bluetooth, Near Field Communication (NFC), Jigby Communication, Dedicated Short Range Communication (DSRC), Cellular Communication, Wi-Fi, and Satellite Communication. 31. The defibrillator according to claim 31, which is configured to communicate with the external device. Claims 1-32 further include a defibrillator housing including the defibrillator controller, the capacitor unit, a charging circuit, and a discharging circuit, the connector being exposed to the outside of the defibrillator housing. The defibrillator according to any one of the above. 33. The defibrillator of claim 33, further comprising an electrode pad cartridge housed in a cartridge container within the housing, wherein the electrode pad cartridge comprises an electrode pad and scissors. Any of claims 4 to 34, wherein the bypass circuit adjusts the power drawn from the external device so that the power drawn from the external device does not exceed a specified current supply threshold associated with the external device. The defibrillator described in item 1. If the external device is connected to the defibrillator during charging of the capacitor unit and the battery is completely discharged, then only the bypass circuit is used to charge the capacitor unit, claim. Item 4. The defibrillator according to Item 4 or 35. Further equipped with a shockable rhythm detector, the defibrillator allows a patient to be shocked without input from the external device, regardless of whether the external device is electrically connected to the defibrillator. The defibrillator according to any one of claims 1 to 36, which is configured to determine whether or not it has a proper rhythm. A defibrillator interface unit adapted to be attached to a fully functional base defibrillator unit without a defibrillator interface unit.
A housing that is attached to the base defibrillator unit and is configured to provide a portable modular defibrillator that combines the base defibrillator unit and the defibrillator interface unit.
When the defibrillator interface unit is attached to the base defibrillator unit, a processor configured to communicate with the defibrillator controller on the base defibrillator unit,
A communication module configured to facilitate communication between the defibrillator interface unit and one or more remote servers using a communication protocol.
A defibrillator interface unit including a power storage unit that supplies electric power to the interface unit. A defibrillator interface unit adapted to be attached to a fully functional base defibrillator unit without a defibrillator interface unit.
A housing that is attached to the base defibrillator unit and is configured to provide a portable modular defibrillator that combines the base defibrillator unit and the defibrillator interface unit.
Display screen and
When the defibrillator interface unit is attached to the base defibrillator unit, it comprises a processor configured to communicate with a defibrillator controller on the base defibrillator unit. The processor further displays on the display screen graphic instructions synchronized with the voice instructions provided by the base defibrillator unit during use of the defibrillator interface unit in a potential cardiac incident. A defibrillator interface unit that is configured. 39. The exemption of claim 39, further comprising a communication module configured to facilitate communication between the defibrillator interface unit and one or more remote servers using a communication protocol. Defibrillator interface unit. The defibrillator interface unit according to any one of claims 38 to 40, wherein the defibrillator interface unit is not a general-purpose mobile phone, a tablet computer, or a personal computer. A defibrillator interface unit adapted to be attached to a base defibrillator unit.
A housing that is attached to the base defibrillator unit and is configured to provide a portable modular defibrillator that combines the base defibrillator unit and the defibrillator interface unit.
Display screen and
A communication module configured to facilitate communication between the defibrillator interface unit and one or more remote servers using a communication protocol.
Externally exposed on the housing of the interface unit so as to engage the complementary connector on the base defibrillator unit when the housing of the interface unit is attached to the base defibrillator unit. With the adapted first connector,
With a processor housed in the housing, the processor defibrillates on the base defibrillator unit if the defibrillator interface unit is attached to the base defibrillator unit. It is configured to communicate with the device controller and
The defibrillator interface unit is not a general purpose mobile phone, tablet computer, or personal computer, but a defibrillator interface unit. The defibrillator interface unit according to any one of claims 38 to 42, wherein the defibrillator interface unit has no substantial function other than being used in combination with the base defibrillator unit. .. Further comprising a display screen, the processor displays graphic instructions synchronized with voice instructions provided by the base defibrillator unit during use of the defibrillator interface unit in a potential cardiac incident. The defibrillator interface unit according to any one of claims 38, 42, or 43, further configured to be displayed on the screen. The defibrillator interface unit according to any one of claims 39, 42, or 44, wherein the display screen is a touch-sensitive display screen. 38 to 45, wherein the defibrillator interface unit receives self-test information from the base defibrillator unit and reports the self-test information to a remote server. The defibrillator interface unit according to any one item. A server further comprising a GNSS sensor, the defibrillator interface unit using the GNSS sensor to determine the position of the defibrillator interface unit and the location of the defibrillator interface unit at a remote location. The defibrillator interface unit according to any one of claims 38 to 46, which is configured to report to. The defibrillator interface unit according to any one of claims 38 and 40 to 47, wherein the communication module facilitates at least one of cellular communication and WiFi communication. Externally exposed on the housing of the interface unit so as to engage the complementary connector on the base defibrillator unit when the housing of the interface unit is attached to the base defibrillator unit. The defibrillator interface unit according to any one of claims 38-41 and 43-48, further comprising a adapted first connector. The defibrillator interface unit according to claim 42 or 49, wherein the first connector is configured to facilitate communication between the processor and the defibrillator controller. The defibrillator interface unit according to any one of claims 42, 49 or 50, wherein the first connector facilitates the transfer of electric power between the interface unit and the base unit. The defibrillator interface unit according to any one of claims 42 or 49 to 51, wherein the connector comprises at least two communication line contacts, a power line contact, and a ground line contact. The defibrillator interface unit according to any one of claims 38 to 52, wherein the defibrillator interface unit is further configured to determine whether or not a base unit is attached. The defibrillator interface unit according to any one of claims 38 to 53, wherein the processor, communication unit, and power storage unit are all contained at least partially in the housing. The defibrillator interface unit does not send control instructions to the base defibrillator unit during emergency use of the base defibrillator unit and is not required for the operation of the base defibrillator unit. The defibrillator interface unit according to any one of claims 38 to 54. The defibrillator interface unit according to any one of claims 38 to 55, wherein the housing is configured to be detachably attached to the base defibrillator unit. The processor periodically receives defibrillator status information from the base defibrillator unit and periodically transmits the defibrillator status information to one or more of the remote servers. The defibrillator interface unit according to any one of claims 38 to 56, which is configured in the above. 58. The defibrillator interface unit of claim 57, wherein the defibrillator status information is received from the base defibrillator unit and transmitted to one or more of the remote servers once daily. .. The power storage unit is an interface unit configured to be recharged while coupled to the base defibrillator unit without drawing power from any power storage unit on the base defibrillator unit. The defibrillator interface unit according to any one of claims 38 to 58, which is a battery. The defibrillator interface unit according to any one of claims 38 to 59, wherein the interface unit does not draw power from the base defibrillator unit during operation of the modular defibrillator. The defibrillator interface unit according to any one of claims 38 to 60, further comprising a battery charger configured to recharge the power storage unit. 38 to 38, wherein when the defibrillator unit is charged and connected to an external power source, the power storage unit is recharged using power reception via the base defibrillator. The defibrillator interface unit according to any one of 61. The defibrillator interface unit according to any one of claims 38 to 62, wherein the defibrillator interface unit can supply electric power to the base defibrillator unit. Any one of claims 38-63, further comprising a memory and a defibrillator application stored in the memory, wherein the defibrillator application comprises a programmed instruction that can be executed on the processor. Defibrillator interface unit as described in section. The defibrillator app is configured to display on the display screen graphic instructions that supplement the voice instructions provided by the base defibrillator unit while the base defibrillator unit is in use. The defibrillator interface unit according to claim 64. The processor
Upon receiving the indicated state identifier from the defibrillator controller,
The graphic instruction corresponding to the instruction state identifier is searched from the memory of the interface unit, and the graphic instruction is searched.
65. The exclusion according to claim 65, which is configured to display the searched graphic instructions on the display screen to facilitate synchronized display of the graphic instructions on the defibrillator interface unit. Defibrillator interface unit. The processor is configured to periodically receive an updated instruction state identifier from the defibrillator controller and update the displayed graphic instruction based on the updated instruction state identifier. The defibrillator interface unit according to claim 65 or 66. 38. It is configured to receive a defibrillator software update from the remote server and send the software update to the base defibrillator unit for installation on the base defibrillator unit. 6. The defibrillator interface unit according to any one of 67. Further comprising a defibrillator support application having programmed instructions suitable for storing in at least one memory of the interface unit or the external device, the defibrillator support application is on the processor. When executed, in response to receiving instruction information from the base defibrillator unit regarding the current voice instruction state of the base defibrillator unit, the interface unit is presented with the present of the defibrillator. The defibrillator or interface unit according to any one of claims 1 to 69, which is configured to display a graphic instruction corresponding to the voice instruction state of the above on the display screen. Defibrillator system
A base defibrillator unit that constitutes a fully functional defibrillator that can independently determine when a defibrillation shock is recommended and deliver the defibrillation shock. A capacitor unit suitable for delivering a defibrillation shock and the capacitor unit can independently store sufficient energy to facilitate charging to a level suitable for delivering the defibrillation shock. A base defibrillator unit, including a capable battery and a battery charger,
The auxiliary battery pack attached to the base defibrillator unit, such that the base defibrillator unit and the attached auxiliary battery pack form a single unit that can be carried together as a portable unit. Auxiliary battery pack attached to the base defibrillator unit and detachably attached,
The defibrillator battery charger is a defibrillator system that is configured to recharge the defibrillator battery using power from the auxiliary battery pack. The battery charger is configured to draw power from the auxiliary battery pack to charge the battery of the defibrillator when it is determined that the charge level of the first battery has fallen below a designated charge threshold. The defibrillator system according to claim 70. 70 or 71, wherein the base defibrillator unit further comprises an auxiliary charging circuit configured to draw power directly from the auxiliary battery pack to assist charging of the capacitor unit during a treatment event. Defibrillator system. A defibrillator support application with programmed instructions suitable for storing in the memory of a device having a display screen and a processor suitable for executing the programmed instructions and executed on said processor. In response to receiving instruction information from the defibrillator regarding the current voice instruction state of the defibrillator, the device is given a graphic instruction corresponding to the current voice instruction state of the defibrillator. A defibrillator support application that is configured to display on the display screen. The instruction information received from the defibrillator includes a defibrillator state identifier.
The programmed instruction causes the processor to search the memory of the device for the graphic instruction corresponding to the received defibrillator state identifier, and sets the searched graphic instruction as the current voice instruction state. The defibrillator support application according to claim 73, which is configured to be synchronously displayed on the display screen. The programmed instruction corresponds to the current voice-instructed state if the device does not receive a valid defibrillator state identifier from the defibrillator for a period of time that exceeds the specified timeout threshold. The defibrillator support application according to claim 73 or 74, further configured to stop displaying the graphic instructions. The device is a mobile phone or other mobile communication device, and the defibrillator support application is installed on the mobile phone or other mobile communication device, according to any one of claims 73 to 75. The defibrillator support application described. The device is an interface unit configured to be coupled to a fully functional defibrillator without the interface unit, the interface unit having the defibrillator support application installed therein. The defibrillator support application according to any one of claims 73 to 75. The way
(A) A step of transmitting status information from the base defibrillator unit to the interface unit attached to the base defibrillator unit, wherein the interface unit is necessary for the operation of the base defibrillator unit. Instead, the step of transmitting, which does not provide control instructions to the base defibrillator unit during emergency use of the base defibrillator unit,
(B) A step of transmitting at least a part of the status information received by the interface unit to one or more remote servers.
(C) A step of periodically transmitting status information from the base defibrillator unit to the one or more remote servers by periodically repeating steps (a) and (b). Method. The method of claim 78, wherein the step of receiving and transmitting the status information is repeated once daily. The status information is
(I) Battery charge level of the base defibrillator unit and
(Ii) The charging status of the base defibrillator unit and
(Iii) The version of the firmware installed in the base defibrillator unit,
(Iv) The latest firmware installation date and time,
(V) The hardware version of the base defibrillator unit and
(Vi) The serial number of the base defibrillator unit and
(Vii) A set of recent base defibrillator unit self-test results,
(Viii) The method of claim 78 or 79, comprising one or more of the functional status of the base unit. The step of receiving software updates from a remote software update server in the interface unit, and
A step of transmitting the software update from the interface unit to the base defibrillator unit,
The method of claim 80, further comprising installing the software update on the base defibrillator unit. The way
(A) A step of transmitting incident information from the base defibrillator unit to an interface unit attached to the base defibrillator unit during emergency use of the base defibrillator unit. Is not required for the operation of the base defibrillator unit and does not provide control instructions to the base defibrillator unit during emergency use of the base defibrillator unit, and a step of transmitting.
(B) A method comprising transmitting at least a portion of received incident information from the interface unit to one or more remote servers. The incident information is
(I) The operating state of the base defibrillator unit and
(Ii) With the current instruction marking currently issued by the base defibrillator unit to the user.
(Iii) A time stamp indicating when the base defibrillator unit was put into emergency mode,
(Iv) An indicator indicating whether or not a defibrillation shock was delivered, and if a defibrillation shock was delivered, a time stamp indicating the time when each defibrillation shock was delivered.
(V) The energy level delivered for each shock and
(Vi) Waveforms associated with each shock delivered,
(Vii) Shock / no shock classification of detected ECG analysis,
(Viii) Detected ECG analysis cardiac rhythm classification,
(IX) Timestamps or equivalents associated with the detected ECG analysis,
(X) With one or more recorded ECG samples,
(Xi) The method of claim 82, comprising reporting one or more of defects detected during activation of the base defibrillator unit. The way
(I) A step of causing the automatic external defibrillator to generate a voice instruction during emergency use of the automatic external defibrillator.
(Ii) A step of transmitting information indicating the voice instruction from the automatic external defibrillator to an external device having a display screen.
(Iii) A step of causing the external device to display a graphic instruction related to the voice instruction on a display screen, and the displayed graphic instruction is displayed and displayed during a period related to the voice instruction. Steps and
(Iv) A plurality of external devices to display graphic instructions synchronized with the voice instructions generated by the automatic external defibrillator during emergency use of the automatic external defibrillator. A method comprising repeating steps (i)-(iii) for different voice instructions. The automatic external defibrillator periodically transmits information indicating the current defibrillator state to the external device, the current defibrillator state being the available defibrillator state. It was selected from the set and
The external device uses information indicating the current defibrillator state to determine if there is a graphic instruction associated with the current defibrillator state, and if so, the associated graphic. The method of claim 84, which displays instructions. If the external device does not receive valid information from the defibrillator indicating the current defibrillator state for a period of time exceeding the specified timeout threshold, it indicates the current defibrillator state. The method of claim 84 or 85, further comprising a step of stopping the display of synchronized graphic instruction information. The current defibrillator state is at least 3 per second to help ensure that the graphic instructions displayed on the external device are synchronized with the voice instructions provided by the defibrillator. The method according to any one of claims 84 to 86, which is updated at a frequency of one update. The external device is a mobile phone or other mobile communication device having a defibrillator support application stored therein, and the defibrillator support application is received from the automated external defibrillator. The method according to any one of claims 84 to 87, which is configured to determine an appropriate graphic instruction to be displayed on the display screen based on information indicating a voice instruction. The external device is a purpose-built interface unit coupled to the automatic external defibrillator.
The interface unit is configured to determine an appropriate graphic instruction to be displayed on the display screen based on information indicating a voice instruction received from the automatic external defibrillator.
The method of any one of claims 84-87, wherein the defibrillator is fully functional without the interface unit coupled. A method of managing the power received by a defibrillator unit from an external device that is electrically connected to the defibrillator unit, where the defibrillator is a suitable capacitor to deliver a defibrillator shock. The defibrillator unit comprises a unit and a rechargeable battery, the defibrillator unit is configured to selectively supply power from the battery to charge the capacitor unit.
When the defibrillator unit is not in the capacitor charging state, it is determined that the step of determining whether the rechargeable battery needs to be recharged and the step of determining whether the rechargeable battery needs to be recharged. A method comprising drawing power from the external device to recharge the rechargeable battery, if the case. 90. The claim 90, further comprising the step of drawing power from the external device to charge the capacitor unit or assisting in charging the capacitor unit when the defibrillator unit is in a capacitor charging state. Method. The method of claim 90 or 91, wherein the external device is a mobile communication device. The method of claim 90 or 91, wherein the external device is an auxiliary battery pack. The external device is an interface unit that is attached to the defibrillator unit and detachably attached to the defibrillator unit, wherein the defibrillator unit is based on the interface unit for defibrillation. The method of claim 90 or 91, wherein the method has a first connector that engages with a complementary connector of the interface unit when attached to a device unit. The external device is electrically connected to the defibrillator unit via a USB connector, and the power drawn from the external device is drawn through the USB connector, according to any of claims 90 to 94. The method described in item 1. The external device has a display screen, the method of which is during use of the defibrillator during a potential cardiac arrest event.
A step of transmitting a voice instruction to the user through one or more speakers of the defibrillator unit.
The method according to any one of claims 90 to 95, comprising the step of transmitting a graphic instruction to the user via the display screen, wherein the graphic instruction is synchronized with the voice instruction. An interface unit having an interface unit battery is attached to the defibrillator, and the method comprises a rechargeable battery of the defibrillator unit without the defibrillator unit being in a capacitor charged state. The method of any one of claims 90-96, further comprising the step of drawing power from the external device to recharge the rechargeable interface unit battery only if recharging is not required. A rechargeable battery pack is attached to the defibrillator, the method of which the defibrillator unit is not in a capacitor charged state and the rechargeable battery of the defibrillator unit is charged. The method of any one of claims 90-96, further comprising the step of drawing power from the external device and recharging the rechargeable battery pack only when it is not needed. The defibrillator is fully functional without the interface unit or external device.
According to any one of claims 78 to 98, the defibrillator does not require a command from the interface unit or an external device, or does not depend on a command from the interface unit or an external device during emergency use. The method described. A modular defibrillator system configured to perform the method of any one of claims 78-99. The base defibrillator unit is fully functional in the absence of the interface unit or external device.
The defibrillator system according to claim 1, wherein the base defibrillator unit does not utilize control instructions from an attached interface unit or other external device during emergency use of the defibrillator. The base defibrillator unit includes a speaker, the defibrillator controller (a) causes the speaker to transmit voice instructions to the user during use of the defibrillator system, and (b) the voice. It is configured to transmit information to the interface unit that facilitates the display of graphic user instructions synchronized with the instructions on the interface unit.
The interface unit includes a display screen and is configured to display graphic instructions to the user during emergency use of the defibrillation system based on information received from the base defibrillator unit. , The defibrillator system according to claim 1. The base defibrillator unit periodically transmits state information or instructions utilized by the interface unit to the interface unit to display corresponding to the current voice instructions provided by the defibrillator. The defibrillator system according to claim 102, which determines the graphic instructions to be made. Further comprising a connector suitable for electrically coupling an external device to the base defibrillator unit, the connector facilitates communication between the defibrillator controller and the external device and the external. The first aspect of claim 1, wherein the device is configured to (i) assist in charging the capacitor unit or (ii) receive power that may be selectively used to recharge the defibrillator battery. Defibrillator system. The base defibrillator unit includes a defibrillator controller configured to transmit incident information to the interface unit during emergency use of the defibrillator system, wherein the interface unit is (a). Both send at least a portion of the incident information to the remote server and (b) display at least a portion of the incident information to the user in response to a user request for such information. The defibrillator system according to claim 1, which is configured in 1. The base defibrillator unit includes a defibrillator battery, the interface unit includes an interface unit battery, and the base defibrillator unit does not draw power from the defibrillator battery. The exemption according to claim 1, which is configured to allow the interface unit battery to be recharged at a selected time when the base defibrillator unit is coupled to a charger. Defibrillator system. The interface unit further includes a GNSS sensor, which uses the GNSS sensor to determine the position of the defibrillator interface unit and determines the position of the defibrillator interface unit. The defibrillator system according to claim 1, which is configured to report to a remote server. The base defibrillator unit comprises a defibrillator housing including a defibrillator controller, the capacitor unit, a charging circuit, a discharge circuit, and an electrode pad cartridge, wherein the cartridge includes an electrode pad. The defibrillator system according to 1. The interface unit is adapted to be attached to a base defibrillator unit, and the defibrillator interface unit is further adapted.
A housing attached to the base defibrillator unit and configured to provide a portable modular defibrillator that combines the base defibrillator unit and the interface unit.
Display screen and
Externally exposed on the housing of the interface unit so as to engage the complementary connector on the base defibrillator unit when the housing of the interface unit is attached to the base defibrillator unit. With the adapted first connector,
With a processor housed in the housing, the processor defibrillates on the base defibrillator unit if the defibrillator interface unit is attached to the base defibrillator unit. The defibrillator system according to claim 1, which is configured to communicate with a device controller. The processor
Upon receiving the indicated state identifier from the defibrillator controller,
The graphic instruction corresponding to the instruction state identifier is searched from the memory of the interface unit, and the graphic instruction is searched.
The defibrillator according to claim 109, which is configured to display the searched graphic instructions on the display screen to facilitate the display of the synchronized graphic instructions on the interface unit. Interface unit. The defibrillator system according to claim 1, wherein the interface unit does not draw power from the base defibrillator unit during operation of the defibrillator system. The defibrillator housing further comprises a module receptacle configured to accommodate the interface unit and reliably attach the interface unit to the defibrillator housing, the module receptacle having a floor. When the interface unit is fixed to the module receiver, the first connector exposed on the floor of the module receiver engages with the complementary connector of the interface unit to defibrillate the interface unit to the base. The defibrillator according to claim 108, which is configured to be electrically connected to a device unit.