JP2020200848A - Poppet valve and method of manufacturing poppet valve - Google Patents

Abstract

To simplify a manufacturing step of a poppet valve.SOLUTION: A housing 11 in a poppet valve 10 becomes cylindrical as a whole. Therefore, an inner space of the housing 11 becomes an inflow passage 12, a circulation space 13, and an outflow passage 14 successively from an inlet 1. From a step 15 between the inflow passage 12 and the circulation space 13, a spring 21 extends toward an outlet 2. Near an end of the outlet 2 of the spring 21, a poppet 31 opening/closing the outflow passage 14 is fixed. The housing 11, the spring 21, and the poppet 31 in the poppet valve 10 are an integrated molded article that is integrally molded by a lamination shaping method.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

The present invention relates to a poppet valve and a method for manufacturing a poppet valve.

The poppet valve of Patent Document 1 includes an overall cylindrical housing in which a space is partitioned. At one end of the housing in the axial direction, an inlet communicating with the inside and outside of the housing penetrates. Further, in the peripheral wall portion of the housing, an outlet that communicates with the inside and outside of the housing penetrates. Inside the housing, a conical poppet as a valve body is housed. The tip of the poppet faces the entrance, and the outer peripheral surface of the poppet abuts on the opening on the internal space side of the entrance to close the entrance. In addition, a spring for urging the poppet toward the entrance is housed inside the housing.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 7-229569

In the poppet valve of Patent Document 1, when the poppet valve is manufactured, assembling work such as accommodating and positioning the spring inside the housing and attaching the poppet to the spring is required. Therefore, the poppet valve of Patent Document 1 has a limit in simplifying the manufacturing process.

The present invention has been made in view of these circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to simplify the manufacturing process of a poppet valve.

Poppet valves for solving the above problems include a housing in which a space through which a fluid flows is partitioned and a passage for connecting the space and the outside of the space is provided, and a valve body for opening and closing the passage. It is provided with a spring that keeps the valve body in the closed or open state and changes from the closed state to the open state or from the open state to the closed state when an external force exceeding a predetermined value is received, and one end of the spring is integrally molded with the valve body. The other end of the spring is integrally molded with the housing.

According to the above configuration, since the valve body and the spring are configured as an integrally molded product with at least a part of the housing, a step for assembling the valve body and the spring to the housing is unnecessary. Therefore, when manufacturing a poppet valve having this configuration, it becomes easy to simplify the manufacturing process.

In the above configuration, the spring extends spirally, and when viewed from a direction orthogonal to the central axis of the spiral of the spring in a state where no external force is applied to the spring, a portion where the spring and the central axis intersect. The acute angle side of the angles may be 45 degrees or less.

According to the above configuration, it is possible to secure a distance traveling in the direction of the central axis when the spring goes around the center axis of the spiral, that is, a distance corresponding to the pitch of the spring. Therefore, when the spring is molded as an integrally molded product with a valve body or the like, it is unlikely that the spiral of the spring will unintentionally adhere in the direction of the central axis and the spiral shape will not be as expected.

In the above configuration, the spring has a multi-helical structure consisting of a plurality of spirals having the same central axis, and even if the springs are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction centered on the central axis. Good.

According to the above configuration, the force due to the urging of the spring tends to act evenly on the valve body in the circumferential direction centered on the central axis. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the valve body from tilting when approaching or separating from the opening of the passage.

In the above configuration, the opening of the passage includes a seat surface that comes into surface contact with the valve body, and the seat surface has a non-linear shape in a cross-sectional view including the central axis of the opening. You may.

In the above configuration, the valve body and the seat surface may not be in complete surface contact due to manufacturing errors or the like, and a slight gap may occur between the two. In this case, the gap between the valve body and the seat surface functions as a fluid flow path, and the fluid leaks out. According to the above configuration, the length of the fluid flow path formed between the valve body and the seat surface can be made longer than when the seat surface is linear in cross-sectional view. Therefore, the flow path resistance between the valve body and the seat surface becomes large, and the amount of fluid leakage can be reduced.

In the above configuration, one of the opening and the valve body may be provided with a recess extending in an annular shape so as to surround the central axis of the opening. According to the above configuration, even if a gap is generated between the valve body and the seat surface, the size of the gap changes due to the presence of the recess. Even if the gap between the valve body and the seat surface functions as a fluid flow path, the flow path resistance tends to increase due to the change in the size of the flow path.

In the above configuration, the other of the opening and the valve body, which is not provided with the concave portion, is provided with a convex portion to be fitted into the concave portion when the valve body closes the opening. , The concave portion and the convex portion may be provided in a plurality of concentric circles centered on the central axis of the opening.

According to the above configuration, when a gap is created between the valve body and the seat surface, the fluid flow path formed by the gap has a winding shape in a cross-sectional view including the central axis of the opening. become. Therefore, the flow path resistance of the fluid flow path formed by the gap can be further increased, and the amount of fluid leakage can be further reduced.

In the above configuration, the housing may be an integrally molded product of a first portion provided with the passage and a second portion supporting the spring. According to the above configuration, since the first portion in which the passage is provided and the housing are not divided into the second portion that supports the spring, the assembly step of assembling these to manufacture the housing becomes unnecessary. Also, there is no need for a seal to prevent fluid from leaking from the seams of each part of the housing.

In the above configuration, the valve body may be separated from the opening of the passage without receiving a force from the spring. If the valve body is in contact with the opening of the passage without receiving the force due to the urging of the spring, when the housing and the valve body are integrally molded, the valve body is placed in the opening of the passage. It has to be molded in a connected state, and after molding, a step of separating the valve body from the opening of the passage is required. In this respect, in the above embodiment, since the valve body can be molded in a state where it is not connected to the opening of the passage, the step of separating the valve body from the opening of the passage as described above is unnecessary.

A method for manufacturing a poppet valve for solving the above problems is a housing in which a space through which a fluid flows is partitioned and a passage for connecting the space and the outside of the space is provided, and a valve for opening and closing the passage. When the body and the valve body are maintained in the closed or open state and an external force exceeding a predetermined value is applied, the body and the valve body are changed from the closed state to the open state or from the open state to the closed state, and one end thereof is integrated with the valve body and the other end. The first step of creating modeling slice data for modeling the spring integrated with the housing by the additive manufacturing method, and the additive manufacturing method based on the modeling slice data created in the first step. It is provided with a second step of modeling in.

In the above configuration, since the poppet valve is integrally molded by the additive manufacturing method, the step for assembling the valve body and the spring to the housing is unnecessary, and the poppet valve manufacturing process can be simplified.

According to the present invention, when manufacturing a poppet valve, it becomes easy to simplify the manufacturing process.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a poppet valve when the valve is opened according to the first embodiment. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a poppet valve when the valve is closed according to the same embodiment. The schematic diagram which shows the poppet valve manufacturing apparatus which concerns on this embodiment. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a poppet valve when the valve is closed according to the second embodiment. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a poppet valve at the time of valve opening according to the same embodiment. The schematic diagram which shows the poppet valve manufacturing apparatus which concerns on this embodiment. The perspective view which shows the spring and poppet which concerns on the modification example. A partial cross-sectional perspective view showing a spring and a poppet according to a modified example. The perspective view which shows the spring and poppet which concerns on the modification example. A partial cross-sectional perspective view showing a spring and a poppet according to a modified example. The perspective view which shows the spring and poppet which concerns on the modification example. The perspective view which shows the spring and poppet which concerns on the modification example. A partial cross-sectional perspective view showing a spring and a poppet according to a modified example. The perspective view which shows the spring and poppet which concerns on the modification example. Cross-sectional view of the poppet valve when the valve is closed according to the modified example. Cross-sectional view of the poppet valve when the valve is closed according to the modified example.

(First Embodiment)
Hereinafter, the first embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3. First, the configuration of the poppet valve 10 will be described. Oil as a fluid flows inside the poppet valve 10.

As shown in FIG. 1, the housing 11 of the poppet valve 10 has a cylindrical shape as a whole. That is, inside the housing 11, a substantially columnar space is partitioned on the central axis J of the housing 11. Oil flows into the housing 11 from the inlet 1 of the housing 11, and oil flows out from the outlet 2 of the housing 11.

A part of the internal space of the housing 11 from the end of the inlet 1 is an inflow passage 12 into which oil from the outside flows. The portion of the inflow passage 12 near the inlet 1 is a straight passage 12A having a constant inner diameter in the direction of the central axis J. Further, the portion of the inflow passage 12 near the outlet 2 is a diameter-expanded portion 12B whose inner diameter increases toward the outlet 2.

The portion of the internal space of the housing 11 that is closer to the outlet 2 than the inflow passage 12 is a distribution space 13 through which the oil that has flowed into the inside of the housing 11 flows through the inflow passage 12. The inner diameter of the distribution space 13 is substantially constant in the J direction of the central axis. Further, the inner diameter of the distribution space 13 is larger than the maximum diameter of the enlarged diameter portion 12B in the inflow passage 12. As a result, the boundary portion between the inflow passage 12 and the distribution space 13 is a step 15.

The portion of the internal space of the housing 11 that is closer to the outlet 2 than the distribution space 13 is an outflow passage 14 that extends from the distribution space 13 to the outlet 2 of the housing 11. That is, the outflow passage 14 functions as a passage connecting the distribution space 13 and the outside of the housing 11.

The portion of the outflow passage 14 located near the inlet 1 is a reduced diameter portion 14A whose inner diameter becomes smaller toward the outlet 2. The maximum diameter of the reduced diameter portion 14A is the same as the inner diameter of the distribution space 13. That is, there is no step between the outflow passage 14 and the distribution space 13, and the connection is smooth. The portion of the outflow passage 14 near the outlet 2 is a straight passage 14B having a constant inner diameter in the direction of the central axis J. The reduced diameter portion 14A constitutes an opening on the distribution space 13 side in the outflow passage 14.

A spring 21 extends from the step 15 in the housing 11 toward the outlet 2 as a whole. The spring 21 has a multi-helical structure composed of eight spirals 21A. In FIG. 1, a part of the eight spirals 21A is indicated by a reference numeral. Each spiral 21A extends spirally about the central axis J of the housing 11. Further, each spiral 21A has a right-handed spiral shape that travels clockwise toward the exit 2 when viewed from the inlet 1.

The pitch of each spiral 21A is set so that the angle formed by the spiral 21A and the central axis J becomes a predetermined angle when viewed from a direction orthogonal to the central axis J when no external force is applied to the spring 21. ing. The pitch of each spiral 21A is set so that the acute angle side of the angle formed by the spiral 21A and the central axis J is 45 degrees. The eight spirals 21A are arranged at equal intervals with each other in the circumferential direction centered on the central axis J. That is, each spiral 21A is arranged at intervals of 45 degrees.

A poppet 31 as a valve body for opening and closing the outflow passage 14 is fixed to the end of the spring 21 near the outlet 2. The poppet 31 has a substantially truncated cone shape in which the outer diameter becomes smaller toward the outlet 2. As shown in FIG. 2, the shape of the outer peripheral surface of the poppet 31 is such that the poppet 31 makes surface contact when it comes into contact with the inner peripheral surface of the reduced diameter portion 14A of the outflow passage 14. It has a shape corresponding to the peripheral surface. Therefore, the inner peripheral surface of the reduced diameter portion 14A functions as a seat surface for the poppet 31. When the poppet 31 is not receiving a force from the spring 21, the poppet 31 is separated from the reduced diameter portion 14A.

As shown in FIG. 1, a plurality of convex portions 16 project from the inner peripheral surface of the reduced diameter portion 14A in the outflow passage 14. Each convex portion 16 extends in an annular shape about the central axis J, that is, the central axis of the reduced diameter portion 14A. Three convex portions 16 are provided and have different diameters from each other. Therefore, the convex portions 16 are provided concentrically with the central axis J as the center. As described above, since the convex portion 16 is provided on the inner peripheral surface of the reduced diameter portion 14A, the inner peripheral surface of the reduced diameter portion 14A is non-linear in the cross-sectional view including the central axis J. It has a shape. In FIG. 1, one of the three convex portions 16 is designated by a reference numeral.

A plurality of recesses 32 are recessed on the outer peripheral surface of the poppet 31. Each recess 32 extends in an annular shape about the central axis J, that is, the central axis J of the poppet 31 in a state where no external force is applied. Three concave portions 32 are provided according to the number of convex portions 16, and their diameters are different from each other. Therefore, the recesses 32 are provided concentrically with the central axis J as the center. Further, the diameter of each concave portion 32 is the same as the diameter of each convex portion 16 in the outflow passage 14. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 2, when the poppet 31 comes into contact with the inner peripheral surface of the reduced diameter portion 14A of the outflow passage 14, each convex portion 16 fits into each concave portion 32 to form a labyrinth seal. ..

The poppet valve 10 configured as described above is an integrally molded product in which the housing 11, the spring 21, and the poppet 31 are integrally molded by the additive manufacturing method. Therefore, the spring 21 is supported by the housing 11 at the step 15. Then, in a state where no external force is applied to the poppet 31 and the spring 21, the spring 21 is in an open state in which the poppet 31 is not in contact with the inner peripheral surface of the reduced diameter portion 14A in the outflow passage 14 due to its own elastic force. maintain. Further, since the poppet valve 10 is an integrally molded product as described above, the housing 11 has a first portion of the housing 11 where the outflow passage 14 is provided and a second portion of the housing 11 that supports the spring 21. It is an integrally molded product.

Next, a modeling device 40 for modeling the poppet valve 10 by the additive manufacturing method will be described.
As shown in FIG. 3, the modeling apparatus 40 includes a chamber 41 in which a space is partitioned. An elevating table 42 that is raised and lowered by a power mechanism (not shown) is housed in the chamber 41. The elevating table 42 is provided with a base plate 42A that serves as a base for a three-dimensional model. Further, in the chamber 41, a recorder 43 for laminating a powder layer of the metal powder M on the base plate 42A is arranged. The elevating table 42 descends by one layer each time the powder layer is further solidified. Each time the powder layer is further solidified, the recorder 43 moves the powder layer horizontally in the chamber 41 and stacks the powder layer on the base plate 42A by the thickness of one layer. By repeating the lowering of the elevating table 42 and the stratification of the metal powder M by the recoater 43, a large number of layers of the metal powder M are laminated on the base plate 42A. In addition, an inert gas is supplied into the chamber 41 from an inert gas supply device (not shown), and the inside of the chamber 41 can be filled with the inert gas. A laser irradiation mechanism 44 that irradiates a laser beam into the chamber 41 is installed above the chamber 41. The laser irradiation mechanism 44 irradiates the uppermost layer of the metal powder M laminated on the base plate 42A with laser light according to the modeling slice data input to the modeling apparatus 40.

Next, a method of manufacturing the poppet valve 10 by using the modeling device 40 will be described.
In manufacturing the poppet valve 10, first, modeling slice data is created from the three-dimensional data of the poppet valve 10. Since the poppet valve 10 is one in which the housing 11, the spring 21, and the poppet 31 are integrally molded, modeling slice data is created as one data file from the three-dimensional data of the poppet valve 10. In the present embodiment, the step of creating the modeling slice data corresponds to the first step.

After that, the created data file is input to the modeling device 40, and modeling of the poppet valve 10 by the modeling device 40 is started. When the modeling device 40 starts modeling the poppet valve 10, the recorder 43 of the modeling device 40 forms a powder layer of the metal powder M on the base plate 42A. After that, the laser irradiation mechanism 44 irradiates the laser beam according to the cross-sectional shape of the poppet valve 10 according to the modeling slice data based on the three-dimensional data. As a result, the portion of the powder layer of the metal powder M corresponding to the cross-sectional shape of the poppet valve 10 is melted and then cured. After that, the elevating table 42 descends by one layer. Then, the poppet valve 10 is gradually formed by repeating the layering of the metal powder M by the recoater 43, the irradiation of the laser light by the laser irradiation mechanism 44, and the descent of the elevating table 42. The poppet valve 10 is gradually shaped in the direction in which the central axis J extends. In the present embodiment, the step of modeling the poppet valve 10 corresponds to the second step.

The operation of this embodiment will be described.
As described above, in the state where no external force acts on the poppet 31 and the spring 21, the spring 21 does not contact the poppet 31 with the inner peripheral surface of the reduced diameter portion 14A in the outflow passage 14 due to its own elastic force. Keep open. Therefore, when the pressure of the oil flowing from the inflow passage 12 of the poppet valve 10 is less than a constant pressure, the poppet 31 comes into contact with the inner peripheral surface of the reduced diameter portion 14A in the outflow passage 14, as shown in FIG. Instead, the oil flowing in from the inflow passage 12 can reach the outflow passage 14 via the flow space 13.

Here, as the pressure of the oil at the position closer to the inlet 1 than the poppet 31 becomes larger than the pressure of the oil at the position closer to the outlet 2 than the poppet 31, the pressure from the inlet 1 to the outlet 2 with respect to the poppet 31 and the spring 21 increases. The external force acting toward is increased. When the external force acting on the poppet 31 and the spring 21 exceeds a certain level, the outer peripheral surface of the poppet 31 comes into surface contact with the inner peripheral surface of the reduced diameter portion 14A of the outflow passage 14, as shown in FIG. Further, the convex portion 16 of the reduced diameter portion 14A of the outflow passage 14 is fitted into the concave portion 32 of the poppet 31. Then, the poppet valve 10 is closed. In this state, the oil flowing from the inflow passage 12 of the poppet valve 10 cannot flow out to the outside through the outflow passage 14.

The effect of this embodiment will be described.
(1) The poppet valve 10 is an integrally molded product in which the housing 11, the spring 21, and the poppet 31 are integrally molded by the additive manufacturing method. Therefore, the step of assembling the poppet 31 and the spring 21 to the housing 11 is unnecessary. As a result, when manufacturing the poppet valve 10, the manufacturing process of the poppet valve 10 can be simplified by omitting the above-mentioned assembly step.

(2) The housing 11 in the poppet valve 10 is an integrally molded product of the first portion of the housing 11 provided with the outflow passage 14 and the second portion of the housing 11 that supports the spring 21. Therefore, in manufacturing the housing 11 of the poppet valve 10, it is not necessary to assemble a plurality of parts to manufacture the housing. Further, since the housing 11 has no seams between the parts, it is not necessary to attach a seal for preventing oil from leaking from the seams. Therefore, in manufacturing the housing 11, the manufacturing process of the housing 11 can be simplified.

(3) It is assumed that the poppet 31 is in contact with the reduced diameter portion 14A in a state where the poppet 31 is not receiving a force from the spring 21. In this case, if the entire poppet valve 10 is to be integrally molded by the additive manufacturing method, the poppet 31 must be molded in a state of being connected to the reduced diameter portion 14A. If the poppet 31 remains connected to the reduced diameter portion 14A in this way, the poppet valve 10 cannot be switched from the closed state to the open state. Therefore, a step of separating the poppet 31 and the reduced diameter portion 14A after molding. Is required. In this respect, in the present embodiment, the poppet 31 is separated from the reduced diameter portion 14A in a state where the poppet 31 is not receiving a force from the spring 21. Therefore, even if the entire poppet valve 10 is integrally molded, the poppet 31 is molded in a state of being separated from the reduced diameter portion 14A, and the open state / closed state of the poppet valve 10 can be switched. As described above, in the present embodiment, the step of separating the poppet 31 and the reduced diameter portion 14A after molding as described above is unnecessary.

(4) When viewed from a direction orthogonal to the central axis J with no external force acting on the spring 21, the angle on the acute angle side of the angle formed by the spiral 21A and the central axis J is close to 90 degrees. Suppose it is set. In this case, the pitch of each spiral 21A becomes smaller. If the pitch of 21A of each spiral is excessively small, when the spring 21 is formed by the additive manufacturing method, the spring 21 may be adhered in the central axis J direction to form the spring 21. On the other hand, in the present embodiment, the pitch of each spiral 21A is the angle formed by the spiral 21A and the central axis J when viewed from a direction orthogonal to the central axis J in a state where no external force is applied to the spring 21. The angle on the acute angle side of the above is set to be 45 degrees. Therefore, a reasonable distance is secured as the pitch of each spiral 21A. As a result, when the poppet valve 10 is integrally molded by the additive manufacturing method, it is possible to suppress a situation in which the spring 21 is adhered in the J direction of the central axis to be molded and the spiral shape is not as expected.

(5) The eight spirals 21A in the spring 21 are arranged at equal intervals with each other in the circumferential direction centered on the central axis J. Therefore, the force due to the urging of the spring 21 tends to act evenly on the poppet 31 in the circumferential direction centered on the central axis J. As a result, a part of the poppet 31 in the circumferential direction tilts when the poppet 31 approaches the reduced diameter portion 14A of the outflow passage 14 or the poppet 31 separates from the reduced diameter portion 14A of the outflow passage 14. Can be suppressed.

(6) Depending on the manufacturing error of the poppet valve 10, for example, when the poppet 31 comes into contact with the inner peripheral surface of the reduced diameter portion 14A of the outflow passage 14, the two do not completely contact each other and are between the two. A slight gap may occur. Then, the gap between the poppet 31 and the inner peripheral surface of the reduced diameter portion 14A of the outflow passage 14 functions as an oil flow path, so that the oil may flow from the inlet 1 to the outlet 2. In this respect, a plurality of recesses 32 are recessed on the outer peripheral surface of the poppet 31, and a plurality of convex portions 16 project from the inner peripheral surface of the reduced diameter portion 14A in the outflow passage 14. Then, as shown in FIG. 2, when the poppet 31 comes into contact with the inner peripheral surface of the reduced diameter portion 14A of the outflow passage 14, each convex portion 16 fits into each concave portion 32. Therefore, even if a gap is generated between the poppet 31 and the reduced diameter portion 14A of the outflow passage 14, the flow path formed by the gap between the two is winding in the cross-sectional view including the central axis J. Become a shape. As a result, the flow path formed by the gap between the poppet 31 and the reduced diameter portion 14A of the outflow passage 14 is linear compared to, for example, a cross-sectional view including the central axis J. The length of the flow path can be increased. As a result, the flow path resistance between the two becomes large, and the amount of oil leakage can be reduced. Further, since the gap between the convex portion 16 and the concave portion 32 has a winding shape, the oil flowing through this gap is circulated while changing the distribution direction many times. Such a configuration also contributes to an increase in the flow path resistance of the gap between the convex portion 16 and the concave portion 32.

(Second Embodiment)
Hereinafter, the second embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 to 6. First, the configuration of the poppet valve 50 will be described. Oil as a fluid flows inside the poppet valve 50.

As shown in FIG. 4, the housing 60 of the poppet valve 50 has a cylindrical shape as a whole because the first housing 61 and the second housing 66 are connected in the axial direction. In FIG. 4, the entrance and the exit are arranged opposite to those in FIG.

As shown in FIG. 4, the first housing 61 has a cylindrical shape as a whole. That is, inside the first housing 61, a substantially columnar space is partitioned on the central axis K. Of the internal space of the first housing 61, the portion close to the inlet 3 is an inflow passage 62 into which oil flows in from the outside. The inner diameter of the inflow passage 62 is constant along the central axis K.

The portion of the internal space of the first housing 61 that is closer to the outlet 4 than the inflow passage 62 is a distribution space 63 through which the oil that has flowed into the inside of the first housing 61 passes through the inflow passage 62. The inner diameter of the distribution space 63 is larger than the inner diameter of the inflow passage 62. As a result, an opening edge on the flow space 63 side of the inflow passage 62 is formed at the boundary between the inflow passage 62 and the distribution space 63. The inflow passage 62 functions as a passage connecting the distribution space 63 and the outside of the housing 60. Further, the opening edge of the inflow passage 62 on the distribution space 63 side functions as an opening in the inflow passage 62.

The second housing 66 has a cylindrical shape as a whole. That is, inside the second housing 66, a substantially columnar space is partitioned on the central axis K. The flange 66A projects from the outer peripheral surface of the second housing 66. The flange 66A is arranged at a substantially central portion of the second housing 66 in the central axis K direction. The outer diameter of the portion of the second housing 66 closer to the inlet 3 than the flange 66A is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the portion of the first housing 61 closer to the outlet 4 of the distribution space 63. The portion of the second housing 66 closer to the inlet 3 than the flange 66A is inserted into the portion of the first housing 61 closer to the outlet 4 of the distribution space 63. An end of the first housing 61 near the outlet 4 is abutted against the flange 66A of the second housing 66. Further, an annular seal 91 is interposed between the outer peripheral surface of the portion of the second housing 66 closer to the inlet 3 than the flange 66A and the inner peripheral surface of the portion of the first housing 61 closer to the outlet 4 of the distribution space 63. Has been done.

Of the internal space of the second housing 66, the portion close to the entrance 3 is a substantially cylindrical large-diameter portion 67. Further, in the internal space of the second housing 66, a portion closer to the outlet 4 than the large diameter portion 67 is an outflow passage 68 extending from the large diameter portion 67 to the outlet 4 of the second housing 66. The inner diameter of the outflow passage 68 is smaller than the inner diameter of the large diameter portion 67. As a result, the boundary portion between the large diameter portion 67 and the outflow passage 68 has a step 69.

From the step 69 in the second housing 66, the spring 71 extends toward the inlet 3 as a whole. The spring 71 has a multi-helical structure composed of eight spirals 71A. In FIG. 4, some of the eight spirals 71A are designated by reference numerals. Each spiral 71A extends spirally about the central axis K of the housing 60. Further, each spiral 71A has a right-handed spiral shape that travels clockwise toward the inlet 3 when viewed from the outlet 4.

The pitch of each spiral 71A is set so that the angle formed by the spiral 71A and the central axis K becomes a predetermined angle when viewed from a direction orthogonal to the central axis K in a state where no external force is applied to the spring 71. ing. The pitch of each spiral 71A is set so that the acute angle side of the angle formed by the spiral 71A and the central axis K is 45 degrees. In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4, when the second housing 66 and the first housing 61 are assembled, the spring 71 is compressed in the central axis K direction, and the spiral 71A and the central axis K are combined. The angle on the acute angle side of the angle formed by the spiral is approximately 40 degrees. Further, the eight spirals 71A are arranged at equal intervals with each other in the circumferential direction centered on the central axis K. That is, each spiral 71A is arranged at an interval of 45 degrees.

A poppet 81 that opens and closes the inflow passage 62 is fixed to the end of the spring 71 near the inlet 3. The poppet 81 has a substantially umbrella shape. The outer peripheral surface of the poppet 81 is a smooth surface with no unevenness. As shown in FIG. 4, the poppet 81 closes the opening edge of the inflow passage 62 when the poppet 81 makes line contact with the opening edge of the inflow passage 62 on the distribution space 63 side. In the state where the poppet 81 is not subjected to the pressure of oil, the poppet 81 receives the elastic force from the spring 71, so that the poppet 81 comes into contact with the opening in the inflow passage 62. That is, in a state where no external force acts on the poppet 81 and the spring 71, the spring 71 maintains the closed state in which the poppet 81 is in line contact with the opening of the inflow passage 62 by its own elastic force.

The second housing 66, the spring 71, and the poppet 81 of the poppet valve 50 configured as described above are integrally molded products integrally molded by the additive manufacturing method. Therefore, the second housing 66 is the second portion of the housing 60 that supports the spring 71. Further, the first housing 61 is a first part of the housing 60 provided with a passage.

Next, a method of manufacturing the poppet valve 50 by using the modeling device 40 will be described.
In manufacturing the poppet valve 50, first, from the three-dimensional data of the first housing 61 in the poppet valve 50, first modeling slice data for modeling the first housing 61 by the laminated modeling method is created. Further, from the three-dimensional data of the second housing 66, the spring 71, and the poppet 81 in the poppet valve 50, the second modeling slice data for modeling the second housing 66, the spring 71, and the poppet 81 by the laminated molding method. To create. In the present embodiment, the step of creating the first modeling slice data and the step of creating the second modeling slice data correspond to the first step. As will be described later, since the first housing 61, the second housing 66, the spring 71, and the poppet 81 are modeled in parallel inside the same chamber 41, the modeling slice data of the poppet valve 50 is 1 Create as one data file. In the following description, the integrally molded product including the second housing 66, the spring 71, and the poppet 81 will be referred to as an outlet component 50A.

After that, the created data file is input to the modeling apparatus 40. Then, the modeling device 40 models the first housing 61 and the outlet component 50A of the poppet valve 50 in parallel based on the input slice data for modeling of the data file. Specifically, when the modeling device 40 starts modeling the poppet valve 50, the recorder 43 of the modeling device 40 forms a powder layer of the metal powder M on the base plate 42A. After that, the laser irradiation mechanism 44 irradiates the laser beam according to the cross-sectional shape of the first housing 61 of the poppet valve 50 according to the modeling slice data based on the three-dimensional data. As a result, the portion of the powder layer of the metal powder M corresponding to the cross-sectional shape of the first housing 61 is melted and then cured. Further, the laser beam is irradiated according to the cross-sectional shape of the outlet component 50A of the poppet valve 50. As a result, the portion of the layer of the metal powder M corresponding to the cross-sectional shape of the outlet component 50A is melted and then cured. After that, the elevating table 42 descends by one layer. Then, the poppet valve 50 is gradually formed by repeating the layering of the metal powder M by the recoater 43, the irradiation of the laser light by the laser irradiation mechanism 44, and the descent of the elevating table 42. The first housing 61 and the outlet component 50A of the poppet valve 50 are both gradually shaped in the central axis K direction. As described above, the step of modeling the first housing 61 by the additive manufacturing method and the step of modeling the outlet component 50A by the additive manufacturing method are performed in parallel in the same chamber 41. In the present embodiment, the step of modeling the first housing 61 by the additive manufacturing method and the step of modeling the outlet component 50A by the additive manufacturing method correspond to the second step.

Further, in the present embodiment, the molding of the first layer of the outlet component 50A in the poppet valve 50 and the molding of the first layer of the first housing 61 in the poppet valve 50 are started in the same layer. Therefore, of the outlet component 50A and the first housing 61, whichever has the shorter length in the central axis K direction, the modeling is completed first.

The operation of this embodiment will be described.
As described above, in the state where no external force is applied to the poppet 81 and the spring 71, the spring 71 is in a state where the poppet 81 is in line contact with the opening edge of the inflow passage 62 on the distribution space 63 side by its own elastic force. That is, it is maintained in a closed state. Therefore, when the pressure of the oil flowing into the inflow passage 62 of the poppet valve 50 is small, as shown in FIG. 4, the oil flowing from the inflow passage 62 does not flow into the distribution space 63 of the poppet valve 50.

Here, as the pressure of the oil at the portion closer to the inlet 3 than the poppet 81 becomes larger than the pressure of the oil at the portion closer to the outlet 4 than the poppet 81, the pressure from the inlet 3 to the outlet 4 with respect to the poppet 81 and the spring 71 increases. The external force acting toward is increased. When the external force acting on the poppet 81 and the spring 71 exceeds a certain level, the poppet valve 50 is opened by separating the poppet 81 from the opening of the inflow passage 62, as shown in FIG. Then, the oil flowing in from the inflow passage 62 flows out from the outflow passage 68 through the distribution space 63 and the large diameter portion 67.

The effect of this embodiment will be described. In this second embodiment, the second housing 66, the spring 71, and the poppet 81 in the poppet valve 50 are integrally molded. Therefore, in this second embodiment, the same effects as in (1), (4), and (5) in the first embodiment can be obtained. Further, in this second embodiment, the following effects can be obtained.

(7) After the process of modeling the first housing 61 of the poppet valve 50 is completed, the process of modeling the outlet component 50A of the poppet valve 50 shall be performed. In this case, since the outlet component 50A is modeled after the first housing 61 is modeled, it is necessary to stack as many layers of the metal powder M as that, which requires a lot of time as a whole. In this respect, in the present embodiment, the step of modeling the first housing 61 of the poppet valve 50 and the step of modeling the outlet component 50A of the poppet valve 50 are performed in parallel. Therefore, the number of metal powders M to be laminated is smaller than that of the above-mentioned example. As a result, the time required for modeling the poppet valve 50 can be shortened.

(8) The first housing 61 and the outlet component 50A are modeled as separate members. Therefore, the poppet 81 is not formed in a state of being connected to the opening edge of the inflow passage 62 on the distribution space 63 side. As a result, the poppet valve 50 can be configured to maintain a closed state when no external force is applied to the poppet 81 and the spring 71.

Each of the above embodiments can be modified and implemented as follows. Each of the above embodiments and the following modified examples can be implemented in combination with each other within a technically consistent range.
-In the first embodiment described above, the configuration of the spring can be changed. The following is a list of spring modification examples.

-In the example shown in FIG. 7, the spring 320 includes a ring-shaped fixing portion 325. The surface of the fixing portion 325 near the entrance is fixed to the step 15 in the housing 11. Then, a connecting portion 321 extending in an annular shape while waving in the central axis J direction is fixed to the surface of the fixing portion 325 near the outlet. Four connecting portions 321 are arranged side by side in the central axis J direction. The adjacent connecting portions 321 are connected to each other at the apex portion of the wave shape. Further, the poppet 31 is fixed to the portion of the connection portion 321 closest to the outlet among the four connection portions 321 that is closest to the outlet.

-In the example shown in FIG. 8, the spring 420 has a bellows shape extending in the J direction of the central axis. The portion of the spring 420 near the entrance is fixed to the step 15 in the housing 11. A poppet 31 is fixed to a portion of the spring 420 near the outlet.

In the example shown in FIG. 9, the spring 520 has a substantially cylindrical shape, and the peripheral wall of the cylinder has a mesh shape. The end of the spring 520 near the inlet is fixed to the step 15 in the housing 11. A poppet 31 is fixed to the end of the spring 520 near the outlet.

-In the example shown in FIG. 10, the spring 620 is a so-called bamboo spring. That is, the spring 620 is curved so that a plate-shaped member is wound, and has a spiral shape when viewed from the central axis J direction. The central portion of the spring 620 protrudes toward the outlet as compared with the outer peripheral portion of the spring 620. The portion of the spring 620 near the inlet is fixed to the step 15 in the housing 11. Further, the portion of the spring 620 near the outlet is fixed to the poppet 31.

-In the example shown in FIG. 11, the spring 720 has a structure including two types of multiple helices. Specifically, the spring 720 includes a substantially ring-shaped fixing portion 725. The portion of the fixing portion 725 near the entrance is fixed to the step 15 in the housing 11. Further, from the portion of the fixed portion 725 near the outlet, the first spiral 721 extends toward the outlet with the central axis J as the center. The first spiral 721 has a right-handed spiral shape that advances clockwise toward the exit when viewed from the entrance. The first spirals 721 are arranged at equal intervals with each other in the circumferential direction about the central axis J. Further, from the portion of the fixed portion 725 near the outlet, the second spiral 722 extends toward the outlet with the central axis J as the center. The second spiral 722 has a left-handed spiral shape that travels counterclockwise toward the exit when viewed from the entrance. The second spiral 722 is arranged at equal intervals with each other in the circumferential direction centered on the central axis J. The diameter of the second spiral 722 is smaller than that of the first spiral 721. Therefore, the plurality of first spirals 721 form an outer multiple helix structure, and the plurality of second helices 722 form an inner multiple helix structure.

The example shown in FIG. 12 has a structure provided with two types of multiple helices as in the example shown in FIG. 11, but unlike the example shown in FIG. 11, the first helix 751 and the first helix in the spring 750 The diameters of the two spirals 752 are the same. Therefore, the first spiral 751 and the second spiral 752 have a cylindrical shape as a whole, and the peripheral wall of the cylinder has a mesh shape.

In the example shown in FIG. 13, the spring 760 includes a bellows-shaped first bellows portion 761 extending in the central axis J direction and a bellows-shaped second bellows portion 762 extending in the central axis J direction. The first bellows portion 761 and the second bellows portion 762 have a cylindrical shape as a whole, and the second bellows portion 762 is arranged inside the first bellows portion 761. The bellows shape of the second bellows portion 762 is staggered with the bellows shape of the first bellows portion 761. The outer peripheral surface of the maximum outer diameter portion of the second bellows portion 762 is connected to the inner peripheral surface of the minimum inner diameter portion of the first bellows portion 761. The portion of the spring 760 near the inlet is fixed to the step 15 in the housing 11. A poppet 31 is fixed to a portion of the spring 760 near the outlet.
In the example shown in FIG. 14, the cross-sectional shape of the spiral 770A in the spring 770 is a quadrangular shape.

-In the first embodiment described above, the acute angle side of the angle formed by the spiral 21A and the central axis J in the spring 21 can be changed. For example, the acute-angled angle of the angle formed by the spiral 21A and the central axis J in the spring 21 may be smaller than 45 degrees or larger than 45 degrees. However, from the viewpoint of suppressing the spring 21 from adhering and forming in the J direction of the central axis, the angle is preferably 45 degrees or less.

-In the first embodiment described above, the spirals 21A of the spring 21 do not necessarily have to be arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. For example, if the plurality of spirals 21A are arranged line-symmetrically with respect to a straight line passing through the central axis J, the poppet 31 can be prevented from tilting to some extent.

-In the first embodiment described above, the number of spirals 21A of the spring 21 does not necessarily have to be eight, and may be two or more. The above modification of the spring 21 can be similarly applied to the second embodiment.

-In the first embodiment described above, for example, the poppet 31 may be provided with a convex portion, and the inner peripheral surface of the reduced diameter portion 14A in the outflow passage 14 may be provided with a concave portion.
-Also, for example, the number of recesses 32 in the poppet 31 may be changed. In this case, similarly, the number of convex portions 16 in the outflow passage 14 may be changed. The number of concave portions 32 and the number of convex portions 16 may be different.

-Furthermore, for example, the recess 32 in the poppet 31 does not have to be annular. As a specific example, the recess 32 may have an arc shape. Then, the plurality of recesses 32 may be arranged in the circumferential direction to form an annular shape as a whole. Further, as a specific example, the recess 32 may have a spiral shape about the central axis J of the poppet 31 in a state where no external force is applied. Similarly, the convex portion 16 in the outflow passage 14 does not have to be annular.

-Also, for example, the convex portion 16 in the outflow passage 14 may be omitted. Here, when the poppet 31 comes into contact with the inner peripheral surface of the reduced diameter portion 14A of the outflow passage 14, the two may not completely contact each other and a slight gap may occur between the two. In this respect, in this configuration, the recess 32 in the poppet 31 changes the size of the gap that may occur between the inner peripheral surface of the reduced diameter portion 14A in the outflow passage 14 and the outer peripheral surface of the poppet 31. Therefore, in this configuration, even if the above-mentioned gap functions as an oil flow path, the flow path resistance tends to increase due to the change in the size of the flow path. As a result, in this configuration, the amount of oil leakage can be reduced as compared with the configuration in which the recess 32 is not provided.

Further, for example, both the concave portion 32 in the poppet 31 and the convex portion 16 in the outflow passage 14 may be omitted. As a specific example, when the poppet 31 comes into contact with the inner peripheral surface of the reduced diameter portion 14A of the outflow passage 14, when the gap that may occur between the two is extremely small, the concave portion 32 and the convex portion 16 are not provided. However, there is no particular problem.

-In the first embodiment described above, the shape of the outflow passage and the shape of the poppet can be changed. For example, as shown in FIG. 15, the main body 131A of the poppet 131 has a substantially truncated cone shape in which the outer diameter becomes smaller toward the outlet 2. A protrusion 131B projects from the center of the main body 131A toward the outlet 2. The main body 131A and the protrusion 131B of the poppet 131 have a shape corresponding to the reduced diameter portion 14A and the straight passage 14B so as to make surface contact when they come into contact with the inner peripheral surface of the outflow passage 14.

-Similarly, in the second embodiment described above, the shape of the inflow passage and the shape of the poppet can be changed. For example, as shown in FIG. 16, the portion of the inflow passage 162 near the inlet 3 is a straight passage 162A having a constant inner diameter in the central axis K direction. The portion of the inflow passage 162 near the outlet 4 is an enlarged diameter portion 162B whose inner diameter increases toward the outlet 4. The enlarged diameter portion 162B in the inflow passage 162 has a shape corresponding to the outer peripheral surface of the poppet 81 so that the poppet 81 makes surface contact when it comes into contact with the inflow passage 162.

-In the first embodiment described above, when the poppet 31 is not receiving a force from the spring 21, the poppet 31 may be in contact with the reduced diameter portion 14A. In this case, when the entire poppet valve 10 is integrally molded, the poppet 31 is molded in a state of being adhered to the reduced diameter portion 14A. Therefore, in the step after molding, the portion where the poppet 31 and the reduced diameter portion 14A are adhered may be separated.

-In the first and second embodiments described above, the method of manufacturing the poppet valve 10 can be changed. For example, as a layered manufacturing method, a fused deposition modeling method in which a thermoplastic resin is melted and laminated, or an inkjet method in which a liquid ultraviolet curable resin is sprayed and cured by illuminating ultraviolet rays to be laminated is adopted. You may.

-In the second embodiment described above, the method of manufacturing the first housing 61 in the housing 60 can be changed. For example, the first housing 61 may be manufactured by mold molding.

-In the second embodiment described above, it is not necessary to perform the steps of modeling the first housing 61 and the process of modeling the outlet component 50A in the same chamber 41 in parallel. For example, after the step of modeling the first housing 61, a step of modeling the outlet component 50A may be performed. Further, for example, the steps of modeling the first housing 61 and the process of modeling the outlet component 50A may be performed by using the chambers 41 in different modeling devices 40.

-In the second embodiment described above, the housing 60 may be divided into three or more members. Also in this case, if the spring 71 and the poppet 81 are integrally formed on one of the members in the housing 60, the step of assembling the spring 71 and the poppet 81 to the housing 60 can be simplified.

-In the first and second embodiments described above, the fluid flowing inside the poppet valve 10 is not limited to oil. For example, the fluid may be a fuel or a gas such as air.

J ... central axis, K ... central axis, M ... metal powder, 1,3 ... inlet, 2,4 ... outlet, 10 ... poppet valve, 11 ... housing, 12 ... inflow passage, 12A ... straight passage, 12B ... expansion Diameter, 13 ... Distribution space, 14 ... Outflow passage, 14A ... Reduced diameter, 14B ... Straight passage, 15 ... Step, 16 ... Convex, 21 ... Spring, 21A ... Spiral, 31 ... Poppet, 32 ... Recess, 40 ... Modeling device, 41 ... Chamber, 42 ... Lifting table, 43 ... Recorder, 44 ... Laser irradiation mechanism, 50 ... Poppet valve, 50A ... Outlet component, 60 ... Housing, 61 ... First housing, 62 ... Inflow passage, 63 ... Distribution space, 66 ... 2nd housing, 66A ... Flange, 67 ... Large diameter, 68 ... Outflow passage, 69 ... Step, 71 ... Spring, 71A ... Spiral, 81 ... Poppet, 91 ... Seal, 131 ... Poppet, 131A ... Main body, 131B ... Projection, 162 ... Inflow passage, 162A ... Straight passage, 162B ... Diameter expansion part, 320 ... Spring, 321 ... Connection part, 325 ... Fixed part, 420 ... Spring, 520 ... Spring, 620 ... Spring , 720 ... Spring, 721 ... 1st spiral, 722 ... 2nd spiral, 725 ... Fixed part, 750 ... Spring, 751 ... 1st spiral, 752 ... 2nd spiral, 760 ... Spring, 761 ... 1st bellows part, 762 ... second bellows, 770 ... spring, 770A ... spiral.

Claims (9)

A housing in which a space through which a fluid flows is partitioned and a passage for connecting the space and the outside of the space is provided.
A valve body that opens and closes the passage
It is provided with a spring that keeps the valve body in the closed or open state and changes from the closed state to the open state or from the open state to the closed state when an external force exceeding a predetermined value is received.
A poppet valve in which one end of the spring is integrally molded with the valve body and the other end of the spring is integrally molded with the housing. The spring extends spirally and
When viewed from a direction orthogonal to the central axis of the spiral of the spring in a state where no external force is applied to the spring, the angle of the portion where the spring and the central axis intersect is 45 degrees or less on the acute angle side. The poppet valve according to claim 1. The spring has a multi-helical structure consisting of a plurality of spirals having the same central axis, and each spiral is arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction centered on the central axis. Item 2. The poppet valve according to item 2. The opening of the aisle comprises a seat surface that comes into surface contact with the valve body.
The poppet valve according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the seat surface has a non-linear shape in a cross-sectional view including the central axis of the opening. The poppet valve according to claim 4, wherein a recess extending in an annular shape is provided on one of the opening and the valve body so as to surround the central axis of the opening. On the other side of the opening and the valve body, which is not provided with the concave portion, a convex portion is provided so as to be fitted into the concave portion when the valve body closes the opening.
The poppet valve according to claim 5, wherein the concave portion and the convex portion are provided in a plurality of concentric circles centered on the central axis of the opening. The poppet valve according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the housing is an integrally molded product of a first portion provided with the passage and a second portion supporting the spring. The poppet valve according to claim 7, wherein the valve body is separated from the opening of the passage without receiving a force from the spring. A housing in which a space through which a fluid flows is partitioned and a passage connecting the space and the outside of the space is provided, a valve body that opens and closes the passage, and the valve body is maintained in a closed or open state. When an external force exceeding a predetermined value is received, the spring is changed from the closed state to the open state or from the open state to the closed state, and one end thereof is integrated with the valve body and the other end is integrated with the housing. The first step of creating modeling slice data for modeling by the method,
A method for manufacturing a poppet valve, comprising a second step of modeling by the additive manufacturing method based on the modeling slice data created in the first step.