JP2020185546A - Bone mill - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a bone mill which can be prepared at low cost with an easy method.SOLUTION: A bone mill 1 includes: a milling drill 2; a body 3 having an insertion port which supports the milling drill 2 and inserts a bone material from the outside; a plunger 4 that is attachably/detachably fit into the insertion port of the body 3; and a handle 5 for manually rotating the milling drill 2. The bone material inserted to the inside of the body 3 is crushed between the milling drill 2 and the plunger 4 by rotating the milling drill 2 using the handle 5. The body 3, the plunger 4 and the handle 5 are formed of a resin. The configuration allows the bone mill 1 to be manufactured with a more inexpensive resin than stainless steel and an aluminum alloy. The bone mill can be easily manufactured without requiring large-scale equipment such as cutting equipment, for example, using a commercially available 3D printer.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

The present invention relates to a bone mill for crushing bone material.

Conventionally, a method of transplanting autologous bone to an osteosynthesis portion and a joint fixation portion in orthopedic surgery has been known. In such a method, the autologous bone is generally crushed by a bone mill to a size suitable for the purpose of treatment. The bone mill includes, for example, a cutting disk that is rotationally driven by a motor, and the autologous bone is crushed to a desired size by pressing the autologous bone against the rotating cutting disk using a plunger (for example, Patent Document). 1).

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2016-171988

However, bone mills as described above are generally expensive, such as stainless steel and aluminum alloys, in consideration of wear resistance and rigidity that can withstand the crushing of hard autologous bone, corrosion resistance to blood and body fluids, and hygiene. It is composed of materials. Therefore, the bone mill itself is expensive, and a large-scale device such as a cutting device is required to manufacture the bone mill.

An object of the present invention is to solve the above problems and to provide a bone mill that can be manufactured at low cost and by a simple method.

The present invention is a bone mill for crushing bone material, and is a milling drill having crushed teeth on the outer periphery of the shaft, and a box-shaped milling drill that supports the milling drill and is orthogonal to the axis of the milling drill. A main body having an insertion port for inserting bone material from the outside in the orthogonal direction, a plunger that is detachably fitted to the insertion port of the main body, and a milling drill that is attached to the end of the milling drill. The aggregate inserted inside the main body is provided with a handle for manual rotation, and is crushed between the milling drill and the plunger by rotating the milling drill using the handle. The main body, plunger and handle are made of resin.

The wall surface of the main body is preferably formed so as to extend along the orthogonal direction.

The inner wall of the main body is preferably formed flat between the insertion port and the mounting location of the milling drill.

The plunger preferably has a fitting portion that fits into the insertion port of the main body and a regulating portion that regulates the fitting portion fitted to the insertion port at a position where it does not come into contact with the milling drill. ..

It is preferable that the pedestal is further provided on the side opposite to the insertion port of the main body, and the pedestal has a flat plate-shaped bottom plate portion and an fitting portion that is erected from the bottom plate portion and into which the main body is fitted. ..

The main body preferably has a slit extending from an end opposite to the insertion slot toward the insertion slot.

The milling drill, body, plunger, handle and pedestal are preferably configured to have dimensions and weight that can be easily carried by human hands.

The main body is provided on the side opposite to the insertion port to discharge the crushed bone material to the outside, and the crushed bone material provided between the discharge port and the attachment point of the milling drill. It is preferable to have a viewing window for visually recognizing.

According to the present invention, the bone mill can be manufactured from a resin that is cheaper than stainless steel or an aluminum alloy, and the manufacturing does not require a large-scale device such as a cutting device. For example, a commercially available 3D printer can be manufactured. It can be easily performed by using it. Therefore, the bone mill can be manufactured by a low cost and simple method.

(A)-(d) are a top view, a left side view, a front view and a right side view of the bone mill according to the embodiment of the present invention, respectively. (A) and (b) are a side view and a side sectional view of the milling drill constituting the bone mill, respectively. (A)-(d) are a top view, a left side view, a front view and a right side view of the main body constituting the bone mill, respectively. (E) is a sectional view taken along line I-I of (c). (A)-(d) are top view, front view, bottom view and side view of the plunger constituting the bone mill, respectively. (A)-(c) are a top view, a front view and a side view of the pedestal constituting the bone mill, respectively. (D) is a sectional view taken along line I-I of (a). (A) and (b) are diagrams showing the operation when crushing the bone material using the bone mill. (C) is a sectional view taken along line I-I of (b).

The bone mill according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. This bone mill is used to grind bone materials such as autologous bone and bone tissue to prepare bone slurry or bone powder as a bone matrix for bone regeneration or bone grafting.

As shown in FIGS. 1 (a)-(d), the bone mill 1 presses the bone material against the milling drill 2 for crushing the bone material, the main body 3 for supporting and accommodating the milling drill 2, and the milling drill 2. A plunger 4 for this purpose, a handle 5 that serves as a handle when the milling drill 2 is manually rotated, and a pedestal 6 for reducing wobbling of the main body 3 when crushing the bone material are provided. The bone material inserted into the main body 3 is crushed into a predetermined size between the milling drill 2 and the plunger 4 by rotating the milling drill 2 using the handle 5. Each configuration of the bone mill 1 is made of an autoclave sterilizable material.

As shown in FIGS. 2 (a) and 2 (b), the milling drill 2 includes a drill portion 21, a drill tip cap 22 that covers one end of the drill portion 21, and a drill handle that covers the other end of the drill portion 21. It has a cap 23 and. The drill portion 21 is made of super steel formed in a columnar shape having a diameter of about 1 cm, for example, and has crushed teeth 21a (see FIG. 2A) on the outer peripheral portion of the shaft. In the example, the crushed tooth 21a is formed by a chip discharge groove formed in a spiral shape, but may be formed by a convex blade or the like formed on the outer peripheral portion of the shaft.

Both the drill tip cap 22 and the drill handle cap 23 are formed in a bottomed cylindrical shape having an inner diameter substantially the same as the diameter of the drill portion 21, and one end of the drill portion 21 and the other so that the outer bottoms of the respective outer bottoms face outward. It is stuck to the edge. The drill tip cap 22 and the drill handle cap 23 are formed, for example, by cutting a resin-based material having a small friction coefficient. The outer bottom of the drill handle cap 23 forms a handle engaging portion 24 for engaging with the handle 5. The handle engaging portion 24 is formed in a hexagonal cap shape in the illustrated example.

As shown in FIGS. 3A-(e), the main body 3 is formed in a substantially rectangular box shape that is elongated in one direction (vertical direction in the illustrated example). In the following description, the surface on which one of the viewing windows 36, which will be described later, is provided is referred to as the front surface of the main body 3. Since the back surface has the same structure as the front surface, the illustration of the back surface is omitted. The main body 3 is formed of a resin-based material, for example, by molding the same material with a 3D printer. The size of the main body 3 is about 4 cm in width / 3 cm in depth / 8 cm in height when viewed from the front.

The main body 3 has a tip hole 31 through which the drill tip cap 22 of the milling drill 2 is inserted, and a handle hole 32 through which the drill handle cap 23 of the milling drill 2 is inserted. The tip hole 31 and the handle hole 32 are provided on the left side surface and the right side surface of the main body 3 in the illustrated example so that their centers are at the same height. The inner diameters of the tip hole 31 and the handle hole 32 are set so that the milling drill 2 inserted through the tip hole 31 and the handle hole 32 can rotate around the axis C (see FIG. 3C) of the milling drill 2. The size is such that the outer periphery of the drill tip cap 22 and the drill handle cap 23 are in sliding contact with each other. Further, in the direction from the front to the back (depth direction), there is substantially no gap between the milling drill 2 and the inner wall of the main body 3 (see FIG. 3 (e)).

Further, the main body 3 has an insertion port 33 for inserting the bone material into the main body 3 from the outside, and a discharge port 34 for discharging the bone material crushed by the milling drill 2 from the inside of the main body 3 to the outside. Has. The insertion port 33 is provided in the orthogonal direction D orthogonal to the axis C of the milling drill 2. In the illustrated example, the orthogonal direction D is the vertical direction, and the insertion port 33 is provided on the upper surface of the main body 3. The discharge port 34 is provided on the side opposite to the insertion port 33, and is provided on the lower surface of the main body 3 in the illustrated example. Both the insertion port 33 and the discharge port 34 are formed in the shape of a rectangular window.

The wall surface of the main body 3 is formed so as to extend along the orthogonal direction D. Further, the inner wall of the main body 3 is formed flat between the insertion port 33 and the mounting location of the milling drill 2 (tip hole 31 and handle hole 32) and between the mounting location of the milling drill 2 and the discharge port 34. There is.

Further, the main body 3 has a slit 35 extending from the end (lower end) opposite to the insertion port 33 toward the insertion port 33, and a viewing window 36 for visually recognizing the bone material crushed by the milling drill 2. The main body 3 has a non-slip groove 37 that prevents slipping when the user grips the main body 3. In the illustrated example, the slits 35 are provided on the left side surface and the right side surface, respectively. The viewing window 36 is provided in a direction orthogonal to the orthogonal direction D and between the discharge port 34 and the mounting location of the milling drill 2, and is provided on the front surface and the back surface of the main body 3 in the illustrated example. A plurality of non-slip grooves 37 are provided on the left side surface and the right side surface of the main body 3 so as to extend along the orthogonal direction D, respectively.

As shown in FIGS. 4A-(d), the plunger 4 is fitted into the fitting portion 41 that fits into the insertion port 33 (see FIG. 4B) of the main body 3 and the insertion port 33. It has a regulating portion 42 that regulates the fitting portion 41 at a position where it does not come into contact with the drill portion 21. In the illustrated example, the regulating portion 42 is formed in a rectangular flat plate shape, and a rectangular fitting portion 41 is projected from the center of one surface thereof. When the fitting portion 41 is fitted into the insertion port 33, the tip portion of the fitting portion 41 and the drill portion 21 face each other with a predetermined distance (for example, about 0.5 cm), and the regulation portion 42 The peripheral edge abuts on the outer surface of the main body 3. The fitting portion 41 has an R-shaped concave portion 43 provided along the curved surface of the drill portion 21 at a position facing the drill portion 21. The plunger 4 is formed of a resin-based material, for example, by molding the material with a 3D printer.

As shown in FIGS. 5A-(d), the pedestal 6 has a flat plate-shaped bottom plate portion 61 and an fitting portion 62 which is erected from one surface of the bottom plate portion 61 and into which the main body 3 is fitted. The bottom plate portion 61 is formed in a disk shape in the illustrated example. The fitting portion 62 is formed in a rectangular frame shape and covers the outer periphery of the lower end portion of the main body 3. The inner diameter of the fitting portion 62 is slightly smaller than the outer diameter of the main body 3. Further, the region of the bottom plate portion 61 surrounded by the fitting portion 62 (indicated by dots in FIG. 5A) is hollowed out so that the bone material crushed by the milling drill 2 can pass through to form a window 63. .. The pedestal 6 is formed of a resin-based material, for example, by molding the material with a 3D printer.

Returning to FIGS. 1 (a)-(d), the handle 5 is formed in a long flat plate shape, and has a milling drill engaging portion 51 for engaging with the milling drill 2 at one end thereof (FIG. 1 (FIG. 1). d) See). The milling drill engaging portion 51 is formed by a hexagonal hole in the illustrated example, and engages with the handle engaging portion 24 of the milling drill 2. The handle 5 is formed of a resin-based material having a length of about 20 cm, and is formed, for example, by molding the material with a 3D printer. In the illustrated example, the handle 5 is attached to the right side surface of the main body 3.

Next, the operation when crushing the bone material using the bone mill 1 will be described with reference to FIGS. 6 (a)-(c). In addition, in FIGS. 6A and 6B, the cross-sectional hatching of a part of the milling drill 2 and the handle 5 is omitted. Further, in FIG. 6C, the pedestal 6 and the stainless steel petri dish P are not shown.

First, it is confirmed whether each configuration of the bone mill 1 is damaged or deformed, and if there is no abnormality, each configuration is autoclaved. Next, as shown in FIG. 6A, the lower end portion of the main body 3 to which the milling drill 2 and the handle 5 are mounted is fitted into the fitting portion 62 of the pedestal 6. At this time, the inner diameter of the fitting portion 62 is slightly smaller than the outer diameter of the main body 3, but since slits 35 are provided on the left side surface and the right side surface of the main body 3, respectively, the depth direction (slit 35 is narrowed). The main body 3 can be fitted into the pedestal 6 by elastically deforming the main body 3 in the direction). Further, once the main body 3 is fitted into the pedestal 6, a force is exerted by the main body 3 to push the fitting portion 62 of the pedestal 6 apart, so that the main body 3 should not be easily removed from the pedestal 6. Can be done. The milling drill 2, the main body 3, the handle 5, and the pedestal 6 assembled in this manner have a stainless steel petri dish having an inner diameter of about 10 cm via a surface opposite to the surface on which the fitting portion 62 of the bottom plate portion 61 is erected. It is placed in P.

After that, as shown in FIG. 6B, about two 1.5 cm-sized bone materials B are inserted into the main body 3 from the insertion port 33, and the fitting portion 41 of the plunger 4 is fitted into the insertion port 33. Let me. The user operates the handle 5 so that the restricting portion 42 of the plunger 4 is pressed toward the milling drill 2 with one palm and the milling drill 2 reciprocates about 30 degrees with the other palm. As a result, the bone material B pressed against the milling drill 2 by the plunger 4 is cut and crushed by the drill portion 21. When the bone material B is hard and the handle 5 is difficult to operate, the milling drill 2 may be rotated by using a commercially available power tool instead of the handle 5.

At this time, since there is no gap between the drill portion 21 and the inner wall of the main body 3 in the depth direction so that the bone material B before crushing can pass through (see FIG. 6C), the crushed portion is crushed. Only the bone material B that has passed through the chip discharge groove (not shown) of the drill portion 21 falls below the drill portion 21. Further, since the peripheral portion of the regulating portion 42 is in contact with the outer surface of the main body 3 so that the fitting portion 41 does not come into contact with the drill portion 21, the bone material B becomes smaller due to crushing or the plunger. Even when 4 is pressed with a strong force, it is possible to prevent the fitting portion 41 and the drill portion 21 from contacting each other and being damaged.

The bone material B crushed by the drill portion 21 passes through the discharge port 34 (see FIG. 6B) of the main body 3 and the window 63 of the pedestal 6, and is collected on the stainless petri dish P. The amount and crushed size of the recovered bone material B can be easily visually recognized by looking through the viewing window 36 of the main body 3. The crushed size of the bone material B can be arbitrarily adjusted by changing the groove depth of the chip discharge groove of the drill portion 21. Further, if a gauze is interposed between the pedestal 6 and the stainless steel petri dish P, the crushed bone material B can be recovered together with the gauze, which is convenient.

When the bone material B inserted inside the main body 3 is completely crushed, the plunger 4 is once pulled out from the main body 3, and the bone material B is newly inserted from the insertion port 33. Then, the above operation is repeated until a required amount of crushed bone material B is obtained. When the crushing of the bone material B is completed, the bone mill 1 is disassembled into each structure, and is stored after being subjected to predetermined washing and sterilization.

According to the bone mill 1 described above, the main body 3, the plunger 4, the handle 5, and the pedestal 6 can be made of a resin that is cheaper than stainless steel or an aluminum alloy. Further, the production does not require a large-scale equipment such as a cutting equipment, and can be easily performed using, for example, a commercially available 3D printer. Therefore, the bone mill 1 can be manufactured by a low cost and simple method.

Further, since the wall surface of the main body 3 is formed so as to extend along the orthogonal direction D, the wall surface of the main body 3 is less likely to be burdened when the plunger 4 is pressed to crush the bone material B. As a result, the risk of damage to the main body 3 can be reduced.

Further, the fact that the inner wall of the main body 3 is formed flat is a great merit in molding by a 3D printer. Normally, when molding a structure using a 3D printer, the resin is sequentially laminated from one end to the other end of the structure, so that the upper layer protrudes from the lower layer. It takes time and effort for the convex portion to be provided separately from the structure for molding the scaffold that supports the convex portion. Therefore, by forming the inner wall of the main body 3 flat, it is not necessary to provide a scaffold for forming such a convex portion, so that the main body 3 can be easily molded by a 3D printer.

As described above, reducing the risk of damage to the main body 3 and forming the inner wall of the main body 3 flat means that the main body 3 is molded by a 3D printer using a resin having a structural strength lower than that of metal. It is a configuration that can be recalled only because it is kept in mind, and it cannot be said that it is a configuration that can be easily recalled based on a general bone mill composed of metal.

Further, since the inner wall of the main body 3 is formed flat, the bone material B inserted from the insertion port 33 surely reaches the milling drill 2, and the bone material B crushed by the milling drill 2 is surely discharged. Reach exit 34. As a result, the amount of wasted bone material B can be reduced. Further, when cleaning the main body 3, since dirt residue and detergent residue are less likely to occur as compared with the case where the inner wall of the main body 3 has irregularities, cleaning can be facilitated and cleaning efficiency can be improved.

Further, the bone mill 1 is formed to be extremely lightweight with a total weight of about 150 grams, and is configured to be large enough to be carried by an adult with one hand even when the handle 5 is attached. As described above, each configuration of the bone mill 1 has a size and weight that can be easily carried by a human hand, and it is not necessary to fix the bone mill 1 to a table or the like when crushing the bone material B. Can easily move the bone mill 1.

Further, since the number of members constituting the bone mill 1 is small and the bone mill 1 can be assembled by a simple insertion operation, even a user who is not skilled in the operation of the bone mill 1 can easily handle the bone mill 1. Further, since the front surface and the back surface of the main body 3 are formed in the same shape, by using the bone mill 1 from the front side or the back surface side, the handle 5 can be arranged on either the right side or the left side according to the user's dominant hand. can do.

The bone mill according to the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment and can be modified in various ways. For example, the bone mill does not necessarily have to be provided with a pedestal, and the bone material may be crushed without using the pedestal.

1 Bone mill 2 Milling drill 21a Crushed tooth 3 Main body 33 Insertion port 34 Discharge port 35 Slit 36 Peeping window 4 Plunger 41 Fitting part 42 Regulation part 5 Handle 6 Pedestal 61 Bottom plate part 62 Fitting part B Bone material C Axis material D of milling drill Orthogonal direction

Claims (8)

A bone mill for crushing bone material,
A milling drill with crushed teeth on the outer circumference of the shaft,
A main body formed in a box shape to support the milling drill and having an insertion port for inserting bone material from the outside in a direction orthogonal to the axis of the milling drill.
A plunger that is detachably fitted to the insertion port of the main body and
A handle attached to the end of the milling drill for manually rotating the milling drill.
The bone material inserted into the main body is crushed between the milling drill and the plunger by rotating the milling drill using the handle.
A bone mill characterized in that the main body, plunger and handle are made of resin. The bone mill according to claim 1, wherein the wall surface of the main body is formed so as to extend along the orthogonal direction. The bone mill according to claim 2, wherein the inner wall of the main body is formed flat between the insertion port and the mounting portion of the milling drill. The plunger is characterized by having a fitting portion that fits into the insertion port of the main body and a regulating portion that regulates the fitting portion fitted to the insertion port at a position where it does not come into contact with the milling drill. The bone mill according to any one of claims 1 to 3. Further provided with a pedestal attached to the side of the main body opposite to the insertion slot,
The bone mill according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the pedestal has a flat bottom plate portion and an fitting portion that is erected from the bottom plate portion and into which the main body is fitted. .. The bone mill according to claim 5, wherein the main body has a slit extending from an end opposite to the insertion port toward the insertion port. The bone mill according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the milling drill, a main body, a plunger, a handle, and a pedestal are configured in a size and a weight that can be easily carried by a human hand. The main body is provided on the side opposite to the insertion port to discharge the crushed bone material to the outside, and the crushed bone material provided between the discharge port and the attachment point of the milling drill. The bone mill according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the bone mill has a viewing window for visually recognizing.