JP2020176482A - Concrete curing method - Google Patents
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- JP2020176482A JP2020176482A JP2019081064A JP2019081064A JP2020176482A JP 2020176482 A JP2020176482 A JP 2020176482A JP 2019081064 A JP2019081064 A JP 2019081064A JP 2019081064 A JP2019081064 A JP 2019081064A JP 2020176482 A JP2020176482 A JP 2020176482A
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- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229920006132 styrene block copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- On-Site Construction Work That Accompanies The Preparation And Application Of Concrete (AREA)
- Aftertreatments Of Artificial And Natural Stones (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本発明は塗料組成物を用いたコンクリート養生方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a concrete curing method using a coating composition.
コンクリートの品質を高めるためには、コンクリート施工時に十分な養生を行うことが必要である。コンクリートの養生とは、コンクリートに所定の強度が発現するまで十分に硬化するように行うものであって、コンクリートに含まれるセメントの水和反応に適した温度を保ちつつ、水和反応に必要な水分が不足しないように湿潤状態を保つことが望ましいとされている。また、コンクリートを打設する際は、打設領域を取り囲むように予め型枠が組まれるが、通常、この型枠はコンクリートが所定の強度になった段階ですみやかに脱型される。そして脱型によって露出したコンクリート面は一定期間の養生が必要とされ、養生期間は長期であることが望ましい。コンクリートの養生期間としては一般に、1週間程度の期間が必要とされており、養生期間が長いほどコンクリート品質は向上する。 In order to improve the quality of concrete, it is necessary to perform sufficient curing during concrete construction. Curing of concrete is performed so that the concrete is sufficiently hardened until it develops a predetermined strength, and is necessary for the hydration reaction while maintaining a temperature suitable for the hydration reaction of the cement contained in the concrete. It is desirable to keep it moist so that it does not run out of water. In addition, when placing concrete, a formwork is assembled in advance so as to surround the casting area, but usually, this formwork is quickly removed when the concrete reaches a predetermined strength. The concrete surface exposed by demolding needs to be cured for a certain period of time, and it is desirable that the curing period is long. Generally, a period of about one week is required as the curing period of concrete, and the longer the curing period, the better the concrete quality.
一方、打設から間もないコンクリートを日光や風に曝し、急速に乾燥させればコンクリート表面が乾燥し、セメントの水和反応が抑制され、硬化後のコンクリートにワレが発生し、強度が低下するなどの不具合が生じる。 On the other hand, if concrete that has just been placed is exposed to sunlight or wind and dried rapidly, the concrete surface will dry, the hydration reaction of cement will be suppressed, cracks will occur in the hardened concrete, and the strength will decrease. Problems such as
このようにコンクリートの強度には、コンクリートの材質だけでなく、コンクリート硬化過程における養生環境が極めて重要であり、種々の養生方法が提案されてきた。 As described above, not only the concrete material but also the curing environment in the concrete hardening process is extremely important for the strength of concrete, and various curing methods have been proposed.
コンクリートの養生方法としては、例えば、コンクリート打設面に養生シートを敷き、その上から散水する方法がよく行われている。 As a method of curing concrete, for example, a method of laying a curing sheet on a concrete casting surface and sprinkling water on it is often performed.
しかしながら、コンクリート養生に養生シートを用いる手法は、平面での養生に問題はないが、垂直面や斜面、あるいはトンネル壁面などのアーチ形状を有するコンクリートへの養生シートの固定作業が難しいという問題がある。そのため、平面以外には貼付型の養生シートを用いた工法が利用されている。貼付型の養生シートを用いた工法では、コンクリート表面が濡れている場合に十分な接着力が得られないこと、貼り付け後の養生シートの端から水が浸入し、そこからシートが剥がれること、貼り付けたシートにシワや浮きといった接着ムラがある場合にコンクリートに色むらが生じる場合があるなどの問題がある。 However, the method of using the curing sheet for concrete curing has no problem in curing on a flat surface, but has a problem that it is difficult to fix the curing sheet to concrete having an arch shape such as a vertical surface, a slope, or a tunnel wall surface. .. Therefore, a construction method using a sticking type curing sheet is used for other than the flat surface. In the construction method using a sticking type curing sheet, sufficient adhesive strength cannot be obtained when the concrete surface is wet, water infiltrates from the edge of the curing sheet after sticking, and the sheet peels off from there. There is a problem that color unevenness may occur in concrete when the attached sheet has uneven adhesion such as wrinkles or floating.
こうした問題があることから、コンクリート養生に用いる養生シートに替えて塗料を使用することによって養生を行う方法、即ち、硬化前のコンクリート表面に塗料を塗装し、塗膜を形成させてから、養生が不要になったときに当該塗膜を剥がすコンクリート養生方法がある。例えば特許文献１にはコンクリート養生用塗料として、水性エマルションと保水性物質を含有する養生材が開示されており、かかる養生材によれば、天井や垂直壁などの養生シートを設けにくい場所においても簡易な塗布工程による塗膜によってコンクリート養生を行うことができることが記載されている。 Because of these problems, the method of curing by using paint instead of the curing sheet used for concrete curing, that is, applying paint to the concrete surface before curing to form a coating film, and then curing There is a concrete curing method that removes the coating when it is no longer needed. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a curing material containing an aqueous emulsion and a water-retaining substance as a concrete curing paint, and according to such a curing material, even in a place where it is difficult to provide a curing sheet such as a ceiling or a vertical wall. It is described that concrete curing can be performed by a coating film by a simple coating process.
しかしながら特許文献１では、養生材により形成される塗膜の保水性を高めている。この技術を利用した場合には、養生期間終了後にコンクリートから塗膜を剥がすときに塗膜が破れる場合があり、塗膜剥離性については依然として改善の余地がある。 However, in Patent Document 1, the water retention of the coating film formed by the curing material is enhanced. When this technique is used, the coating film may be torn when the coating film is peeled from the concrete after the curing period ends, and there is still room for improvement in the coating film peelability.
また、剥離性のある塗料組成物として、特許文献２には伸び率及び引っ張り強度が特定範囲であるゴムのエマルジョンを含む可剥離性水性被覆組成物が、特許文献３にはコンクリートの表面に不織布を貼った後、この不織布の上から液状の可剥離性被覆組成物を塗布し、乾燥させ、養生が不要になったときに不織布と一体化した被膜ごとめくって剥がす工程を有するコンクリートの養生方法が、それぞれ開示されている。 Further, as a peelable coating composition, Patent Document 2 describes a peelable aqueous coating composition containing a rubber emulsion having a specific range of elongation and tensile strength, and Patent Document 3 describes a non-woven fabric on the surface of concrete. A concrete curing method having a step of applying a liquid peelable coating composition on top of this non-woven fabric, drying it, and peeling off the coating integrated with the non-woven fabric when curing is no longer necessary. However, each is disclosed.
特許文献２及び３に記載の被膜は、頑丈であるために剥がしている最中で被膜が破れにくいが、特許文献３では不織布をコンクリート表面に貼り付けるという煩雑な工程が必要である。また、特許文献２及び特許文献３記載のコンンクリート養生とは「コンクリートを傷や汚れから一時的に保護する作業」を意味するものであり、「打設したコンクリートが十分に硬化するための、一定の環境を保持する作業」であるコンクリート養生を意図するものではない。 Since the coating films described in Patent Documents 2 and 3 are sturdy, the coating films are not easily torn during peeling, but Patent Document 3 requires a complicated process of attaching a non-woven fabric to a concrete surface. The concrete curing described in Patent Documents 2 and 3 means "work to temporarily protect concrete from scratches and dirt", and "for the cast concrete to be sufficiently hardened, It is not intended for concrete curing, which is "work to maintain a constant environment".
本発明は、上記の事情に鑑みてなされたものであり、コンクリートの水和反応が十分になされ、コンクリートの強度を向上させることができるように、脱型後のコンクリートを最適な養生環境におくことを可能とするコンクリート養生用塗材を利用したコンクリートの養生方法の提供を目的とする。 The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and the demolded concrete is placed in an optimum curing environment so that the hydration reaction of the concrete can be sufficiently carried out and the strength of the concrete can be improved. The purpose is to provide a concrete curing method using a concrete curing coating material that makes it possible.
本発明者らは、上記した課題について鋭意検討した結果、コンクリートを覆う養生用塗材として水性ゴムエマルジョン及び無機顔料を含むものを採用するとともに、その透湿度に着目した。そしてかかる養生用塗材を厚さ１５０μｍの塗膜の透湿度が特定範囲で塗膜伸び率が特定範囲内の塗膜を特定膜厚となるように塗装した場合に、コンクリートの養生環境を維持し、養生後、塗膜剥離を容易に行うことができることを見出した。 As a result of diligent studies on the above-mentioned problems, the present inventors have adopted a material containing an aqueous rubber emulsion and an inorganic pigment as a curing coating material for covering concrete, and paid attention to its moisture permeability. Then, when the coating material for curing is coated so that the moisture permeability of the coating film having a thickness of 150 μm is within a specific range and the coating film elongation is within a specific range, the curing environment of concrete is maintained. It was found that the coating film can be easily peeled off after curing.
すなわち本発明はコンクリートの養生方法に関するものであり、その態様として以下の実施形態を含むものである。
［項１］
型枠内に、コンクリートを打ち込む工程（１）、
コンクリート硬化後に型枠を撤去する工程（２）、
工程（２）を経て気中に露出したコンクリート表面に、養生用塗材を塗装して養生塗膜を形成させる工程（３）、及び、
工程（３）で形成された養生塗膜をコンクリート表面から剥離する工程（４）、
を含むコンクリート養生方法であって、
前記養生用塗材が、水性ゴムエマルジョン及び無機顔料を含み、
前記養生用塗材から厚さ１５０μｍの塗膜を形成させた場合の、該塗膜の透湿度が１．０〜６０（ｇ／ｍ2・２４ｈ）、伸び率が３００〜８００％にあり、
前記工程（３）で形成された養生塗膜の厚さが乾燥膜厚で１５０〜２０００μｍの範囲内にある、
コンクリート養生方法。
［項２］
前記養生用塗材における無機顔料の顔料体積濃度が５〜５０％の範囲内である、項１に記載のコンクリート養生方法。
［項３］
前記養生用塗材が繊維をさらに含む、項１又は２に記載のコンクリート養生方法。
［項４］
前記工程（３）の後に、前記養生用塗材により形成された養生塗膜の塗膜面上に断熱塗材を塗装し、断熱塗膜を形成させる工程（３Ａ）をさらに含む、項１〜３のいずれか１項に記載のコンクリート養生方法。
［項５］
前記工程（３）の後に、前記養生用塗材により形成された養生塗膜の塗膜面に表出した巣穴部にシートを貼り付け、その上に前記養生用塗材を塗り重ねる工程（３Ｂ）をさらに含む、項１〜４のいずれか１項に記載のコンクリート養生方法。
That is, the present invention relates to a concrete curing method, and includes the following embodiments as its aspects.
[Item 1]
Step of driving concrete into the formwork (1),
Step of removing formwork after concrete hardening (2),
The step (3) of applying a curing coating material to the concrete surface exposed in the air through the step (2) to form a curing coating film, and
Step (4) of peeling the curing coating film formed in step (3) from the concrete surface,
A concrete curing method that includes
The curing coating material contains an aqueous rubber emulsion and an inorganic pigment.
Wherein when to form a coating film having a thickness of 150μm from curing a coating material, the moisture permeability of the coating film 1.0~60 (g / m 2 · 24h ), the elongation is in the 300 to 800 percent,
The thickness of the curing coating film formed in the step (3) is in the range of 150 to 2000 μm in terms of dry film thickness.
Concrete curing method.
[Item 2]
Item 2. The concrete curing method according to Item 1, wherein the pigment volume concentration of the inorganic pigment in the curing coating material is in the range of 5 to 50%.
[Item 3]
Item 2. The concrete curing method according to Item 1 or 2, wherein the curing coating material further contains fibers.
[Item 4]
Item 1 to further include, after the step (3), a step (3A) of coating the heat insulating coating material on the coating film surface of the curing coating film formed by the curing coating material to form the heat insulating coating film. The concrete curing method according to any one of 3.
[Item 5]
After the step (3), a sheet is attached to the burrows exposed on the coating film surface of the curing coating film formed by the curing coating material, and the curing coating material is applied over the burrows (3). The concrete curing method according to any one of Items 1 to 4, further comprising 3B).
本発明方法に用いられるコンクリート養生用塗材は、簡便に塗装することができ、養生を要するコンクリート露出面を養生塗膜によって容易に被覆することができる。また、形成された養生塗膜は養生を要するコンクリートを養生に適した環境下に長期間維持することができるとともに養生期間終了後はコンクリート表面から容易に剥がすことができる。 The concrete curing coating material used in the method of the present invention can be easily coated, and the exposed concrete surface requiring curing can be easily covered with the curing coating film. In addition, the formed curing coating film can maintain the concrete requiring curing in an environment suitable for curing for a long period of time, and can be easily peeled off from the concrete surface after the curing period ends.
＜養生用塗材＞
本発明に用いられる養生用塗材は水性ゴムエマルジョン及び無機顔料を含む。
水性ゴムエマルジョンはゴムが水に分散した水分散液の形態を言う。養生用塗材のバインダー成分として水性ゴムエマルジョンを使用することにより、養生前の保水状態にあるコンクリート表面には適度に付着し、且つ養生終了後の硬化コンクリート表面からは簡便な手作業等により容易に剥がすことが可能となる養生塗膜が得られる。このような水性ゴムエマルジョンに含まれるゴムとしては、公知の天然あるいは合成ゴムを制限なく使用できる。天然ゴムは非変性であってもアクリルモノマー等でグラフト変性した変性天然ゴムであってもよい。合成ゴムの具体例としては、例えば、イソプレンゴム、ポリブタジエンゴム、イソブチレンゴム、ブチルゴム、エチレンプロピレンゴム、プロピレンブテンゴム、エチレンプロピレンブテンゴム、スチレンブタジエンゴム、クロロプレンゴム、ニトリルゴム、ニトリル・ブタジエンゴム、クロロスルホン化ポリエチレンゴム、アクリルゴム、アクリロニトリル−ブタジエンゴム、ポリエーテルゴム、シリコーンゴム、フッ素ゴム、スチレン−エチレンブチレン−スチレンブロック共重合体、スチレン−イソプレン−スチレンブロック共重合体、スチレン−エチレンブチレンランダム共重合体等のスチレン系エラストマー等が挙げられる。これらは１種を単独で又は２種以上を組み合わせて用いることができる。
<Coating material for curing>
The curing coating material used in the present invention contains an aqueous rubber emulsion and an inorganic pigment.
Aqueous rubber emulsion refers to the form of an aqueous dispersion in which rubber is dispersed in water. By using an aqueous rubber emulsion as a binder component of the coating material for curing, it adheres moderately to the concrete surface that is in a water-retaining state before curing, and it is easy to perform simple manual work from the hardened concrete surface after curing. A curing coating film that can be peeled off is obtained. As the rubber contained in such an aqueous rubber emulsion, known natural or synthetic rubber can be used without limitation. The natural rubber may be non-modified or modified natural rubber graft-modified with an acrylic monomer or the like. Specific examples of synthetic rubber include isoprene rubber, polybutadiene rubber, isobutylene rubber, butyl rubber, ethylene propylene rubber, propylene butene rubber, ethylene propylene butene rubber, styrene butadiene rubber, chloroprene rubber, nitrile rubber, nitrile butadiene rubber, and chloro. Synthetic polyethylene rubber, acrylic rubber, acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber, polyether rubber, silicone rubber, fluororubber, styrene-ethylenebutylene-styrene block copolymer, styrene-isoprene-styrene block copolymer, styrene-ethylenebutylene random Examples thereof include styrene-based elastomers such as polymers. These can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
水性ゴムエマルジョンの含有量としては、養生後のコンクリートの強度の点から、養生用塗材不揮発分質量１００質量部を基準として水性ゴムエマルジョンの不揮発分質量が２０〜９０質量部、特に３０〜７０質量部の範囲内が好適である。 Regarding the content of the water-based rubber emulsion, from the viewpoint of the strength of the concrete after curing, the non-volatile content mass of the water-based rubber emulsion is 20 to 90 parts by mass, particularly 30 to 70 parts based on 100 parts by mass of the non-volatile content of the coating material for curing. The range of parts by mass is preferable.
本明細書において、不揮発分とは揮発成分を除いた残存物を意味するものであり、残存物は常温で固形状であっても液状であっても差し支えない。不揮発分質量は、乾燥させた時の残存物質量の乾燥前質量に対する割合を不揮発分率とし、不揮発分率を乾燥前の試料質量に乗じることで算出することができる。 In the present specification, the non-volatile component means a residue excluding volatile components, and the residue may be solid or liquid at room temperature. The non-volatile fraction mass can be calculated by taking the ratio of the amount of residual substance after drying to the mass before drying as the non-volatile fraction and multiplying the non-volatile fraction by the mass of the sample before drying.
前記無機顔料としては、例えば、酸化チタン、酸化亜鉛、酸化アルミニウム、酸化マグネシウム、酸化ジルコニウム、酸化鉄、炭酸カルシウム、カオリン、タルク、マイカ、クレー、陶土、チャイナクレー、硫酸バリウム、炭酸バリウム、シリカ等が挙げられ、これらの１種又は２種以上を使用することができる。
本発明では養生塗材がこのような無機顔料を含むことによって、養生後に行う塗膜剥離が容易となる点で好適である。
Examples of the inorganic pigment include titanium oxide, zinc oxide, aluminum oxide, magnesium oxide, zirconium oxide, iron oxide, calcium carbonate, kaolin, talc, mica, clay, porcelain clay, China clay, barium sulfate, barium carbonate, silica and the like. , And one or more of these can be used.
In the present invention, it is preferable that the curing coating material contains such an inorganic pigment, which facilitates peeling of the coating film after curing.
無機顔料の平均粒子径としては、通常０．１〜３０μｍ、好ましくは０．１５〜２５μｍ、より好ましくは０．２〜２０μｍの範囲内が好適である。
なお、無機顔料の平均粒子径は、レーザ回折式粒度分布測定装置によって測定されるメディアン径のことである。
無機顔料の含有量としては、養生後のコンクリート強度及び塗膜剥離性の点から、顔料体積濃度で５〜５０％、特に２０〜４０％の範囲内が好適である。
The average particle size of the inorganic pigment is usually 0.1 to 30 μm, preferably 0.15 to 25 μm, and more preferably 0.2 to 20 μm.
The average particle size of the inorganic pigment is the median diameter measured by a laser diffraction type particle size distribution measuring device.
The content of the inorganic pigment is preferably in the range of 5 to 50%, particularly 20 to 40% in terms of pigment volume concentration from the viewpoint of concrete strength after curing and coating film peelability.
本明細書において、顔料体積濃度とは、塗材中の不揮発分に占める全顔料分の体積割合である。顔料の体積を算出する際のもとになる顔料の比重は「塗料原料便覧第６版」（社団法人日本塗料工業会）によるものであり、また、ゴムエマルジョンなどの樹脂不揮発分の比重は１と近似するものとする。 In the present specification, the pigment volume concentration is the volume ratio of the total pigment content to the non-volatile content in the coating material. The specific gravity of the pigment, which is the basis for calculating the volume of the pigment, is based on the "Paint Raw Material Handbook 6th Edition" (Japan Paint Manufacturers Association), and the specific gravity of the non-volatile resin such as rubber emulsion is 1. It shall be similar to.
また、前記養生用塗材は、剥離性の更なる向上の観点から繊維を含むことができる。
繊維としては、例えば炭素繊維、ポリエチレン繊維、ポリプロピレン繊維、アラミド繊維、ビニロン繊維、ポリパラフェニレンベンズオキサゾール繊維、ポリビニルアルコール繊維、ポリアリレート繊維などの有機系繊維のほか、鋼繊維、ロックウール、セラミックウール、ガラス繊維、ガラスフレーク等の無機繊維などが挙げられる。
繊維の含有量としては、塗装作業性及び塗膜剥離性の点から、ゴムエマルジョン不揮発分質量１００質量部を基準として０．１〜２０質量部、特に０．２〜５質量部の範囲内が好適である。
In addition, the curing coating material may contain fibers from the viewpoint of further improving the peelability.
Examples of fibers include organic fibers such as carbon fibers, polyethylene fibers, polypropylene fibers, aramid fibers, vinylon fibers, polyparaphenylene benzoxazole fibers, polyvinyl alcohol fibers, and polyallylate fibers, as well as steel fibers, rock wool, and ceramic wool. , Glass fibers, inorganic fibers such as glass flakes, and the like.
The fiber content is in the range of 0.1 to 20 parts by mass, particularly 0.2 to 5 parts by mass, based on 100 parts by mass of the non-volatile content of the rubber emulsion from the viewpoint of coating workability and coating film peelability. Suitable.
また、養生用塗材は、本発明の効果が阻害されない範囲において、水性ゴムエマルジョン、無機顔料以外の他の成分を含んでいてもかまわない。他の成分としては、加硫剤、併用樹脂、架橋剤、着色剤、充填材、可塑剤、防腐剤、表面調整剤、消泡剤、分散剤、老化防止剤など、各種の添加剤が挙げられる。 Further, the coating material for curing may contain components other than the aqueous rubber emulsion and the inorganic pigment as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired. Other components include various additives such as vulcanizers, combined resins, cross-linking agents, colorants, fillers, plasticizers, preservatives, surface conditioners, defoamers, dispersants, and anti-aging agents. Be done.
これらのうち加硫剤とは、ゴムの高分子鎖を網目状に架橋結合しうる物質であり、塗膜の剥離性の点から好適に用いることができる物質である。加硫剤としては特に限定されないが、例えば、粉末硫黄、硫黄華、塩化硫黄、二塩化硫黄、モルホリン・ジスルフィド等の硫黄系加硫剤；ｔ−ブチルヒドロペルオキシド、クメンヒドロペルオキシド、ジ−ｔ−ブチルペルオキシド、ｔ−ブチルクミルペルオキシド等の有機過酸化物系加硫剤；等が挙げられる。 Of these, the vulcanizing agent is a substance capable of cross-linking the polymer chains of rubber in a network shape, and is a substance that can be suitably used from the viewpoint of peelability of the coating film. The sulfide is not particularly limited, but for example, sulfur-based sulfides such as powdered sulfur, sulfur flower, sulfur chloride, sulfur dichloride, morpholine and disulfide; t-butyl hydroperoxide, cumene hydroperoxide, di-t- Organic peroxide-based sulfurizing agents such as butyl peroxide and t-butyl cumyl peroxide; and the like.
以上に述べた養生用塗材は施工性の点から、塗装時の不揮発分濃度が４５〜７０質量％の範囲内に調整されることが好ましい。 From the viewpoint of workability, the curing coating material described above is preferably adjusted so that the non-volatile content concentration at the time of coating is in the range of 45 to 70% by mass.
前記養生用塗材は、養生を要するコンクリートの表面に対して塗装され、これにより養生塗膜が設けられる。 The curing coating material is applied to the surface of concrete that needs to be cured, whereby a curing coating film is provided.
本発明では、養生後のコンクリートの強度及び養生塗膜の剥離性の観点から、前記養生塗材から厚さ１５０μｍの塗膜を形成させた場合の該塗膜が、
透湿度が１．０〜６０（ｇ／ｍ2・２４ｈ）、
伸び率が３００〜８００％、
の範囲内にあることを特徴とするものである。
In the present invention, from the viewpoint of the strength of concrete after curing and the peelability of the curing coating film, the coating film when a coating film having a thickness of 150 μm is formed from the curing coating material is:
Moisture permeability 1.0~60 (g / m 2 · 24h ),
Growth rate is 300-800%,
It is characterized by being within the range of.
本明細書において、透湿度は、ＪＩＳ Ｚ ０２０８に準じて測定することができる。具体的には、容器に無水塩化カルシウムを適量入れた後、試験塗膜を容器開口部に封ろう剤にて接着し、これを透湿度測定用の試験体とする。該試験体を温度４０℃、相対湿度９２％の条件にて２４時間静置し、その質量変化を測定することにより、試験塗膜１ｍ2あたりに透過する水蒸気の質量を算出する。試験塗膜としては、乾燥膜厚１５０μｍとなるように、離型紙にフィルムアプリケーターを用いて塗料を塗装して得られるピンホールのないフリー塗膜を用いる。フリーフィルムを作成するための乾燥条件は、気温２０℃・相対湿度６０％の条件下で１４日間とする。 In the present specification, the moisture permeability can be measured according to JIS Z 0208. Specifically, after an appropriate amount of anhydrous calcium chloride is placed in the container, the test coating film is adhered to the opening of the container with a sealant, and this is used as a test piece for measuring moisture permeability. The test piece is allowed to stand for 24 hours under the conditions of a temperature of 40 ° C. and a relative humidity of 92%, and the mass change thereof is measured to calculate the mass of water vapor permeating per 1 m 2 of the test coating film. As the test coating film, a pinhole-free free coating film obtained by applying a paint to a release paper using a film applicator so as to have a dry film thickness of 150 μm is used. The drying conditions for producing a free film are 14 days under the conditions of a temperature of 20 ° C. and a relative humidity of 60%.
伸び率、破断時の塗膜強度は、透湿度と同様の条件で作成した乾燥膜厚が１５０μｍのフリーフィルムを５枚ずつ作製し、インストロン式引張試験機（島津製作所製オートグラフ）を用いて、２０℃、引張速度２０ｍｍ／分、試験間距離２０ｍｍ、幅５ｍｍの条件で引張試験を５回行い、５回の試験で得られた伸び率及び引張強度の平均値をそれぞれ伸び率（％）及び破断時の塗膜強度（Ｎ／ｍｍ2）とする。 For the elongation rate and the coating film strength at break, five free films with a dry film thickness of 150 μm prepared under the same conditions as the moisture permeability were prepared, and an Instron type tensile tester (Autograph manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation) was used. The tensile test was performed 5 times under the conditions of 20 ° C., a tensile speed of 20 mm / min, a distance between tests of 20 mm, and a width of 5 mm, and the average values of the elongation rate and the tensile strength obtained in the 5 times were measured as the elongation rate (%). ) And the strength of the coating film at break (N / mm 2 ).
本発明では、養生後のコンクリート品質と養生塗膜の剥離性が特に良好なものとする観点から、養生塗膜の透湿度としては１．０〜５０ｇ／ｍ2・２４ｈ、伸び率は４００〜６００％の範囲内にあるとさらに好適である。 In the present invention, from the viewpoint of peeling of the concrete quality and curing the coating film after curing is provided with particularly good, the permeability as the moisture 1.0~50g / m 2 · 24h, elongation cured coating 400 It is more preferable that it is in the range of 600%.
＜養生方法＞
本発明は、
型枠内に、コンクリートを打ち込む工程（１）、
コンクリート硬化後に型枠を撤去する工程（２）、
工程（２）を経て気中に露出したコンクリート表面に、前記養生用塗材を塗装して養生塗膜を形成させる工程（３）、及び、
工程（３）で形成された養生塗膜をコンクリート表面から剥離する工程（４）、
を含む、コンクリート養生方法を提供する。
<Curing method>
The present invention
Step of driving concrete into the formwork (1),
Step of removing formwork after concrete hardening (2),
The step (3) of applying the curing coating material to the concrete surface exposed in the air through the step (2) to form a curing coating film, and
Step (4) of peeling the curing coating film formed in step (3) from the concrete surface,
Provide concrete curing methods, including.
本発明の適用対象となるコンクリートとしては、結合材としてセメントを含むものであれば制限はないが、内部に合成繊維や鋼繊維などを含む繊維強化コンクリート（ＦＲＣ）、骨材を含むモルタルコンクリート等も包含される。型枠内へのコンクリートの打ち込みは、型枠内にコンクリートを流し込んで硬化させ、その後、型枠は撤去され、コンクリートが成形される。
作業工程の制約や納期の期限から、コンクリート打ち込み終了から型枠が撤去されるまでの期間は１日〜３日となることが多い。
The concrete to which the present invention is applied is not limited as long as it contains cement as a binder, but fiber reinforced concrete (FRC) containing synthetic fibers or steel fibers inside, mortar concrete containing aggregate, etc. Is also included. To drive concrete into the formwork, concrete is poured into the formwork and hardened, and then the formwork is removed and concrete is formed.
Due to work process restrictions and deadlines for delivery, the period from the end of concrete casting to the removal of the formwork is often one to three days.
次いで、型枠が撤去されたことによって空気中に露出したコンクリート表面には、上記養生用塗材が塗装される。塗装は脱型後のコンクリート露出面に対して直接施工できるが、給水処理や各種表面処理を行ったあとで実施してもよい。塗装手段としては刷毛、ローラー、スプレー、コテ等の塗装器具を用いることができる。塗布量としては１回の塗装で０．２〜２．０Ｋｇ／ｍ2程度が好適であり、必要に応じて２〜４回塗り重ねてもよい。本発明では、養生用塗材からの養生塗膜の形成は、通常は常温で行われるが、冬季などは必要に応じて塗装面を加温してもよい。 Next, the curing coating material is applied to the concrete surface exposed to the air due to the removal of the formwork. Painting can be applied directly to the exposed concrete surface after demolding, but it may be applied after water supply treatment or various surface treatments. As a painting means, a painting tool such as a brush, a roller, a spray, or a trowel can be used. The amount of coating is preferably about 0.2 to 2.0 kg / m 2 in one coating, and may be reapplied 2 to 4 times as needed. In the present invention, the curing coating film is usually formed from the curing coating material at room temperature, but the coated surface may be heated if necessary in winter or the like.
本発明では工程（３）の養生塗膜の厚さが乾燥膜厚で１５０〜２０００μｍにあることを特徴とするものであり、乾燥膜厚は３００〜１５００μｍであるとさらに好適である。１５０μｍ未満では養生後のコンクリート品質が不十分であり、２０００μｍを超えると塗膜剥離性が低下し、好ましくない。 The present invention is characterized in that the thickness of the curing coating film in step (3) is 150 to 2000 μm in dry film thickness, and more preferably 300 to 1500 μm in dry film thickness. If it is less than 150 μm, the quality of concrete after curing is insufficient, and if it exceeds 2000 μm, the peelability of the coating film is lowered, which is not preferable.
本発明方法では、型枠撤去後の露出したコンクリート表面に前記養生塗材を塗装し、塗膜形成後に養生期間を設けることによって、強度があって緻密なコンクリートが得られる。ここでの養生期間、つまり養生用塗材塗装終了後から養生塗膜を剥離するまでの期間としては、通常、常温で７日間以上、特に１〜３ヶ月であることが適している。 In the method of the present invention, a strong and dense concrete can be obtained by applying the curing coating material to the exposed concrete surface after removing the mold and providing a curing period after forming the coating film. The curing period here, that is, the period from the end of coating the curing coating material to the peeling of the curing coating film, is usually preferably 7 days or more at room temperature, particularly 1 to 3 months.
上記養生期間を経た養生塗膜は最終的にはコンクリート表面から剥離される。尚、養生用塗材を塗装する前に、コンクリート表面上の一定面積毎に、予めテープを貼っておくと、後の剥離作業が容易になる。
養生塗膜の剥離は、手で剥離できるが、ブレード等の道具を用いてもよい。また、養生塗膜の一端を剥がし、剥がした部分の縁を円柱等の柱状体に添わせ、柱状体を芯として回転させることによって塗膜を柱状体に巻きつけて剥離することも可能である。
The curing coating film that has passed the above curing period is finally peeled off from the concrete surface. If a tape is applied in advance to each fixed area on the concrete surface before the curing coating material is applied, the subsequent peeling work becomes easy.
The curing coating film can be peeled off by hand, but a tool such as a blade may be used. It is also possible to peel off one end of the curing coating film, attach the edge of the peeled portion to a columnar body such as a cylinder, and rotate the columnar body as a core to wind the coating film around the columnar body and peel it off. ..
また、本発明では、養生期間中のコンクリート表面を適度な養生環境とさせるために、前記養生用塗材による養生塗膜面上に断熱塗材を塗装し、断熱塗膜を形成させてもよい。
養生塗膜面上に塗装される断熱塗材としては、塗膜形成材と中空粒子とを含有する公知の断熱塗材等が採用される。断熱塗材としては、塗膜の比重が養生用塗膜よりも低いものであることが好ましい。断熱塗材の塗装は、例えば養生用塗材塗装後、常温で２〜１６時間経過後に行われる。塗装手段としては刷毛、ローラー、スプレー、コテ等の塗装器具を用いることができる。塗布量としては１回の塗装で０．５〜２．０Ｋｇ／ｍ2程度が好適であり、必要に応じて２〜４回塗り重ねてもよい。
Further, in the present invention, in order to make the concrete surface during the curing period an appropriate curing environment, a heat insulating coating material may be applied on the surface of the curing coating film by the curing coating material to form a heat insulating coating film. ..
As the heat insulating coating material to be coated on the surface of the curing coating film, a known heat insulating coating material containing a coating film forming material and hollow particles is adopted. As the heat insulating coating material, it is preferable that the specific gravity of the coating film is lower than that of the curing coating film. The heat insulating coating material is applied, for example, after 2 to 16 hours have passed at room temperature after coating the curing coating material. As a painting means, a painting tool such as a brush, a roller, a spray, or a trowel can be used. The amount of coating is preferably about 0.5 to 2.0 kg / m 2 in one coating, and may be reapplied 2 to 4 times as needed.
また、打設時にコンクリートが巻き込む泡等の影響で、脱型後のコンクリート表面に巣穴が発生する場合がある。このような巣穴に対する対策として、本発明では養生塗材を塗装後、約５〜３０分経過した後、前記養生塗膜面に表出した巣穴部にシートを貼り付け、その上に前記養生用塗材を塗り重ねる工程を行ってもよい。この方法で用いるシートは、巣穴を覆う程度の大きさでよく、形状にも制限はないが、施工の点からは３〜１０ｃｍ角程度が適当である。 In addition, burrows may occur on the concrete surface after demolding due to the influence of bubbles and the like that the concrete gets caught in during casting. As a countermeasure against such burrows, in the present invention, about 5 to 30 minutes have passed after the curing coating material is applied, and then a sheet is attached to the burrows exposed on the surface of the curing coating film, and the above-mentioned The step of recoating the curing coating material may be performed. The sheet used in this method may be large enough to cover the burrow, and the shape is not limited, but from the viewpoint of construction, about 3 to 10 cm square is suitable.
＜養生用塗材の製造＞
製造例１〜７
表１に示すように各成分を配合して養生塗材（Ａ−１）〜（Ａ−７）を製造した。
表中、配合の数字は水性ゴムエマルジョンを１００部とした時の量（質量部）を示す。透湿度、伸び率は明細書記載の方法に準じて測定し、得られた値を示す。
<Manufacturing of coating material for curing>
Production Examples 1 to 7
As shown in Table 1, each component was blended to produce curing coating materials (A-1) to (A-7).
In the table, the blending numbers indicate the amount (parts by mass) when the aqueous rubber emulsion is 100 parts. Moisture permeability and elongation are measured according to the method described in the specification, and the obtained values are shown.
防腐剤：ベンツイソチアゾリン（BIT）系防腐剤
増粘剤：ヘキシルエチルセルロース（HEC）系増粘剤
分散剤：ポリカルボン酸ナトリウム系分散剤
消泡剤：鉱物油/疎水性シリカ系消泡剤
水性エマルションＡ：商品名、レヂテックス社製、天然ゴムラテックス ＵＬＡＣＯＬ 固形分６０％、
水性エマルションＢ：商品名、レヂテックス社製、天然ゴム前加硫ラテックス ＰＣ−ＵＬＡ 固形分６０％、
ガラスファイバーＰＦ Ｅ−３０１：商品名、日東紡社製、カットファイバー 粉末、
ガラスフレーク ＲＣＦ−１６０：商品名、日本板硝子社製 ガラスフレーク。
Preservative: Benzisothiazolin (BIT) -based preservative Thickener: Hexilethyl cellulose (HEC) -based thickener Dispersant: Sodium polycarboxylic acid dispersant Defoamer: Mineral oil / hydrophobic silica-based defoamer Aqueous emulsion A: Product name, manufactured by Reditex, natural rubber latex ULACOL solid content 60%,
Aqueous emulsion B: Trade name, manufactured by Reditex, natural rubber pre-vulcanized latex PC-ULA solid content 60%,
Glass fiber PF E-301: Product name, manufactured by Nitto Boseki, cut fiber powder,
Glass flakes RCF-160: Product name, glass flakes manufactured by Nippon Sheet Glass.
実施例１
水セメント比５５％の一般構造用コンクリートを作成し、これを４００×１００×高さ４００ｍｍの型枠に打設した。該試験体を湿度１００％の雰囲気下で２４時間放置し、脱型した。試験体表面のうち４００ｍｍ×４００ｍｍ面を養生評価面とし、それ以外の面については水分が逸散しないように専用テープで被覆した。次いで養生評価面に、養生用塗材（Ａ−１）を（鎖骨ローラー）で塗布し、乾燥膜厚が（３５０）μｍの養生塗膜を形成した。その後、養生塗膜が設けられた試験体を２０℃、湿度５０〜６０％雰囲気下で２８日間養生した後、養生塗膜を手で剥離し、剥離性と養生後のコンクリート状態を評価した。
Example 1
General structural concrete having a water-cement ratio of 55% was prepared and placed in a form of 400 × 100 × 400 mm in height. The test piece was left for 24 hours in an atmosphere of 100% humidity and demolded. Of the surface of the test piece, a 400 mm × 400 mm surface was used as a curing evaluation surface, and the other surfaces were covered with a special tape so that water would not escape. Next, a curing coating material (A-1) was applied to the curing evaluation surface with a (clavicle roller) to form a curing coating film having a dry film thickness of (350) μm. Then, the test body provided with the curing coating film was cured at 20 ° C. and a humidity of 50 to 60% for 28 days, and then the curing coating film was peeled off by hand to evaluate the peelability and the concrete state after curing.
実施例２〜６及び比較例１〜５
実施例１において使用する養生用塗材及び膜厚を表２に記載の通りとする以外は、実施例１と同様にしてコンクリート養生を行った。
Examples 2-6 and Comparative Examples 1-5
Concrete curing was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the curing coating material and the film thickness used in Example 1 were as shown in Table 2.
（＊）塗膜剥離性
養生評価面上に設けられた塗膜を手で引き剥がして下記基準で評価した。
○：良好に剥離できた、
△：塗膜が途中で切れて剥がしにくい、
△×：剥がす時の抵抗が強く、かなり時間を要する
×：剥離できなかった。
（＊）養生後のモルタルの状態
養生完了後のモルタルの状態を目視評価した。
○：全体的に均一に緻密であり良好、
△：まだら状態が一部認められる、
×：全体的にまだら状態であり、不良。
(*) Coating film peelability The coating film provided on the curing evaluation surface was peeled off by hand and evaluated according to the following criteria.
◯: Good peeling,
Δ: The coating film is cut off in the middle and is difficult to peel off.
Δ ×: Strong resistance when peeling, which takes a considerable amount of time ×: Cannot be peeled.
(*) State of mortar after curing The state of mortar after curing was visually evaluated.
◯: Overall uniform, dense and good,
Δ: Some mottled states are observed.
×: Overall mottled and defective.
実施例７
実施例３と同様の手順でモルタル試験体を作成後、養生評価面に、養生用塗材（Ａ−１）を鎖骨ローラーで塗布し、２０℃で１時間乾燥させ、乾燥膜厚が３５０μｍの養生塗膜を形成した。次いでその養生塗膜面に断熱塗材（「ドリームコート」：商品名、関西ペイント社製、アクリルエマルション及び樹脂系中空粒子を含む水性断熱塗料、塗料比重０．７１）を、スプレーで塗付量が１．０Ｋｇ／ｍ2となるように塗装し、養生塗膜上に断熱塗膜が設けられた試験体を２０℃、湿度５０〜６０％の雰囲気下で２８日間養生した後、養生塗膜を手で剥離し、剥離性と養生後のコンクリート状態を評価した。
結果を表３に示す。
Example 7
After preparing a mortar test piece by the same procedure as in Example 3, a curing coating material (A-1) was applied to the curing evaluation surface with a clavicle roller, dried at 20 ° C. for 1 hour, and had a dry film thickness of 350 μm. A curing coating film was formed. Next, a heat insulating coating material (“Dream Coat”: trade name, manufactured by Kansai Paint Co., Ltd., water-based heat insulating paint containing acrylic emulsion and resin-based hollow particles, paint specific gravity 0.71) is sprayed onto the cured coating film surface. The temperature is 1.0 kg / m 2, and the test piece having the heat insulating coating on the curing coating is cured in an atmosphere of 20 ° C. and 50 to 60% humidity for 28 days, and then the curing coating is applied. Was peeled off by hand, and the peelability and the state of the concrete after curing were evaluated.
The results are shown in Table 3.
実施例８
水セメント比５５％の一般構造用コンクリートを作成し、実施例３と同様の手順で型枠に打設・脱型しコンクリート試験体を作成後、養生評価面に、養生用塗材（Ａ−１）を（鎖骨ローラー）で塗布し、２０℃で１０分乾燥させ、乾燥膜厚が３５０μｍの養生塗膜を形成した。その後、養生塗膜上に生じた大きさ１〜３ｍｍの巣穴に、１辺が５×５ｃｍの大きさでビニロン系繊維の不織布（「サンキューブＶ３」日東紡社製商品名）を貼り付け、次いで養生評価面全体に養生用塗材（Ａ−１）を再度鎖骨ローラーで塗布し、乾燥膜厚が７００μｍの養生塗膜を形成した。その後、養生塗膜が設けられた試験体を２０℃、湿度５０〜６０％の雰囲気下で２８日間養生した後、養生塗膜を手で剥離し、剥離性と養生後のコンクリート状態を評価した。結果を表３に示す。
Example 8
A general structural concrete with a water-cement ratio of 55% was prepared, and after placing and removing the mold from the formwork in the same procedure as in Example 3, a concrete test piece was prepared, and then a coating material for curing (A-) was applied to the curing evaluation surface. 1) was applied with (clavicle roller) and dried at 20 ° C. for 10 minutes to form a curing coating film having a dry film thickness of 350 μm. After that, a vinylon-based fiber non-woven fabric (“Sun Cube V3”, trade name manufactured by Nitto Boseki Co., Ltd.) with a side of 5 × 5 cm was attached to the burrows having a size of 1 to 3 mm formed on the curing coating film. Then, the curing coating material (A-1) was applied again to the entire curing evaluation surface with a clavicle roller to form a curing coating film having a dry film thickness of 700 μm. Then, the test piece provided with the curing coating film was cured in an atmosphere of 20 ° C. and a humidity of 50 to 60% for 28 days, and then the curing coating film was peeled off by hand to evaluate the peelability and the concrete state after curing. .. The results are shown in Table 3.
Claims (5)
コンクリート硬化後に型枠を撤去する工程（２）、
工程（２）を経て気中に露出したコンクリート表面に、養生用塗材を塗装して養生塗膜を形成させる工程（３）、及び、
工程（３）で形成された養生塗膜をコンクリート表面から剥離する工程（４）、
を含むコンクリート養生方法であって、
前記養生用塗材が、水性ゴムエマルジョン及び無機顔料を含み、
前記養生用塗材から厚さ１５０μｍの塗膜を形成させた場合の、該塗膜の透湿度が１．０〜６０（ｇ／ｍ2・２４ｈ）、伸び率が３００〜８００％にあり、
前記工程（３）で形成された養生塗膜の厚さが乾燥膜厚で１５０〜２０００μｍの範囲内にある、
コンクリート養生方法。 Step of driving concrete into the formwork (1),
Step of removing formwork after concrete hardening (2),
The step (3) of applying a curing coating material to the concrete surface exposed in the air through the step (2) to form a curing coating film, and
Step (4) of peeling the curing coating film formed in step (3) from the concrete surface,
A concrete curing method that includes
The curing coating material contains an aqueous rubber emulsion and an inorganic pigment.
Wherein when to form a coating film having a thickness of 150μm from curing a coating material, the moisture permeability of the coating film 1.0~60 (g / m 2 · 24h ), the elongation is in the 300 to 800 percent,
The thickness of the curing coating film formed in the step (3) is in the range of 150 to 2000 μm in terms of dry film thickness.
Concrete curing method.
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