JP2020166727A - Evacuation guidance system - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide an evacuation guidance system and an evacuation guidance program which suppress confusion in evacuation guidance to allow prompt evacuation guidance.SOLUTION: An evacuation guidance system 1 of the present invention comprises: a plurality of devices 20 which are carried by a plurality of users, respectively; a disaster detection part 12 which detects disaster information; a position information acquisition part 13 which acquires position information of each of the devices; a route determination part 14 which determines evacuation routes according to the devices 20 on the basis of the disaster information and the position information; and an evacuation instruction creation part 15 which creates evacuation instruction information on the basis of the position information and the evacuation routes, in which the devices 20 comprise voice transmission parts 22 which can transmit the evacuation instruction information by voice with directivity which is heard only in areas at predetermined distance in predetermined directions from the device 20.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

The present invention relates to an evacuation guidance system.

In the event of a disaster such as a fire or earthquake, it is necessary to provide evacuation information such as evacuation sites and evacuation routes and guide evacuation in order to evacuate the evacuation target to a safe place. Conventionally, as a means for providing such evacuation information, it is common to broadcast all at once using speakers installed indoors and outdoors, such as disaster prevention broadcasts of local governments and in-house broadcasts in facilities. However, since the evacuation information broadcast as described above is directed to all evacuation target persons in a certain area, the target person will decide the detailed evacuation route and the like by himself / herself.

On the other hand, Patent Document 1 describes that the optimum evacuation information for each target person is individually distributed to mobile terminals such as smartphones and wearable terminals owned by each individual, and map information, course instructions, etc. are displayed. Has been done.

JP-A-2017-0375453

Since Patent Document 1 describes that individually optimized map information and the like are displayed, it is necessary for the evacuation target person to evacuate while looking at the image display of the mobile terminal. In the event of a disaster, it is not easy to evacuate while looking at the image display on the mobile terminal because there are obstacles or steps on the evacuation route. Therefore, there is a risk of hindering prompt evacuation.

Further, Patent Document 1 describes that evacuation guidance may be assisted by a voice output unit. However, when evacuation guidance is performed by voice, voice is transmitted from a plurality of terminals at the same time when a disaster occurs. When voice is transmitted from multiple terminals at the same time, it overlaps with the voices of other terminals in the vicinity, causing misidentification or missed evacuation information, or individual information optimized for each individual target person. , Information is confused by being diffused as voice. Therefore, there is a risk of hindering prompt evacuation.

An object of the present invention is to provide an evacuation guidance system capable of prompt evacuation guidance by clearly performing appropriate evacuation guidance to an evacuation target person.

The evacuation guidance system of the present invention includes a plurality of devices carried by a plurality of users, a disaster detection unit that detects disaster information, a position information acquisition unit that acquires the position information of each of the devices, and the disaster information. The device includes a route determination unit that determines an evacuation route according to the device based on the position information, and an evacuation order creation unit that creates evacuation instruction information based on the position information and the evacuation route. Provided a voice transmitting unit capable of transmitting the evacuation instruction information by directional voice heard only in an area of a predetermined distance in a predetermined direction from the device.

According to the evacuation guidance system of the present invention, the evacuation instruction information can be transmitted from a device carried by a plurality of users with directional voices that can be heard only in an area of a predetermined distance in a predetermined direction. Appropriate evacuation guidance can be clearly provided, and prompt evacuation guidance can be provided.

It is a functional block diagram which shows an example of the structure of the evacuation guidance system 1. An example of the device 20 is shown. It is a flowchart which shows the operation of the evacuation guidance system 1. This is an example of the voice stored in the voice storage unit 23. It is a schematic diagram which shows an example which guides a user to evacuate.

(1. Outline of evacuation guidance system 1)
The evacuation guidance system 1 provides evacuation guidance to a person (evacuation target person) in the target area when a disaster occurs in the predetermined target area. For example, the target area can be a specific facility or a more extensive specific area. Specific facilities include shopping malls, hospitals, facilities for the elderly, and the like. In this case, the target area may be limited to the inside of the facility, or may include the outside of the facility in addition to the inside of the facility.

Here, it is preferable that the evacuation guidance system 1 covers the inside of the facility as a target area. In the facility, normal lighting will not be available in the event of a disaster, and only emergency lights will be available. Therefore, the inside of the facility is dark and it is difficult for the evacuees to grasp the surrounding conditions. Therefore, the evacuation guidance system 1 is suitably used for appropriately providing evacuation guidance to the evacuation target person in the facility.

Further, all or a large number of people in the facility can grasp the situation in the facility by carrying the device 20 described later. Therefore, by setting the inside of the facility as the target area, the evacuation guidance system 1 is suitably used for appropriately guiding the evacuation target person in the facility.

As shown in FIG. 1, the evacuation guidance system 1 performs processing based on a device 20 carried by a user who can be an evacuation target, a disaster monitoring device 30, a repeater 40, and information collected by these devices. It includes a server 10. The device 20, the repeater 40, and the disaster monitoring device 30 and the repeater 40 can communicate with each other via the communication units 21, 31, and 41 provided respectively, and the repeater 40 and the server 10 are provided respectively. It is possible to communicate with each other via the communication units 41 and 11. That is, the device 20 and the disaster monitoring device 30 can communicate with the server 10 via the repeater 40.

(2. Device 20)
The device 20 will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2. The device 20 is a terminal carried by a plurality of users. The device 20 is preferably a wearable terminal such as a necklace type, a wristwatch type, a glasses type, a ring type, a shoe type, a pocket type, or a pendant top type.

The device 20 includes a communication unit 21 capable of communicating with the repeater 40 or the server 10, and a voice transmission unit 22 capable of transmitting directional voice that can be heard only in an area in a predetermined direction.

The voice transmitting unit 22 may be a so-called directional speaker capable of limiting the spread of sound in a predetermined direction. For example, when the user is wearing the device 20, the voice transmitting unit 22 generates a sound that can be heard only by the user wearing the device 20. That is, the voice transmitting unit 22 generates a sound having directivity in a direction (predetermined direction) toward the ear of the wearing user.

For example, when the device 20 is a necklace type, the positional relationship between the voice transmitting unit 22 and the ear of the wearing user is almost constant, so that only the wearing user can use the voice transmitting unit 22. You can send out the sounds you can hear. The same applies even if the device 20 is other than the necklace type.

When the voice transmitting unit 22 transmits evacuation instruction information to the user by voice, the user can be guided to evacuate without checking the evacuation map or the like. That is, when evacuating, the user can evacuate while visually recognizing the surroundings. Therefore, quick evacuation guidance can be performed.

Further, the voice transmitting unit 22 can transmit the evacuation instruction information only in the area in the predetermined direction, that is, with the directional voice that can be heard only by a specific user. The evacuation instruction information that the user can hear is the information that can be heard only from the device that the user carries. As a result, duplication with the voice of other devices and misidentification of evacuation instruction information are suppressed. As a result, appropriate evacuation guidance to individual users becomes possible, and further, prompt evacuation guidance for all evacuation target persons becomes possible. Examples of the directional speaker include an ultrasonic speaker and a bone conduction speaker. An ultrasonic speaker is preferable from the viewpoint of excellent wearability and portability.

The device 20 further preferably includes an auditory characteristic storage unit 23 that stores the auditory characteristics of the user carrying the device 20. The frequency range of sounds that are easy for humans to hear and the frequency range of sounds that are difficult for humans to hear are different. In particular, elderly people often have difficulty hearing the high frequency range. When the user wears the device 20, the auditory characteristic is tested, and the auditory characteristic is stored in the auditory characteristic storage unit 23.

The auditory characteristics are determined, for example, as follows. When the user wears the device 20, the device 20 executes a test mode of auditory characteristics, and the voice transmitting unit 22 transmits a plurality of types of voice. Multiple types of audio are audio with different outputs in each frequency range. Subsequently, the user determines one voice from a plurality of types of voices. The auditory characteristic corresponding to the determined voice is stored in the auditory characteristic storage unit 23.

In determining the auditory characteristics of the user described above, it is preferable that the device 20 further includes a microphone 26 and a voice analysis unit 27. The microphone 26 acquires the voice of the wearing user. The voice analysis unit 27 analyzes the voice generated by the user based on the voice acquired by the microphone 26.

For example, in the test mode of auditory characteristics, the voice transmitter 22 uses the first type of voice, "Are you sure you want this voice? If so, say" Yes ". If the other voice is good, say "no". "And so on. Then, when the user selects the voice, the user says "yes", so that the microphone 26 acquires the voice and the voice analysis unit 27 analyzes the voice. When the voice is "yes", the first type voice is stored in the auditory characteristic storage unit 23 as an auditory characteristic. When the user says "No", the microphone 26 acquires the spoken voice, and the voice analysis unit 27 analyzes the voice. If the voice is "No", the voice transmitting unit 22 transmits a second type of voice and repeats the above process. In this way, the auditory characteristics of the user are determined. According to this method, the auditory characteristics of the user can be determined with high accuracy.

In addition to the above, the age may be estimated based on the user's voice, and the type of voice corresponding to the estimated age may be stored in the auditory characteristic storage unit 23 as the user's auditory characteristic. In this case, the voice analysis unit 27 estimates the age of the user based on the user's arbitrary voice acquired by the microphone 26. The voice analysis unit 27 determines the auditory characteristics based on the relationship between the pre-stored age and the auditory characteristics and the estimated age. According to this method, the auditory characteristics of the user can be easily determined.

After the auditory characteristics are determined, the voice transmitting unit 22 transmits a voice adjusted based on the auditory characteristics stored in the auditory characteristic storage unit 23. That is, the voice transmission unit 22 transmits the evacuation instruction information by the voice corresponding to the auditory characteristic stored in the auditory characteristic storage unit 23. As a result, the user can receive the evacuation instruction information in the most audible voice, and can realize quick evacuation guidance for the evacuation target person.

The device 20 further includes a voice storage unit 25. The voice storage unit 25 stores the voice data transmitted by the voice transmission unit 22. The voice storage unit 25 may store voice data as evacuation instruction information created at any time by the server 10. In this case, the voice data stored in the voice storage unit 25 is updated at any time. In this case, the voice transmission unit 22 reproduces the voice data as the evacuation instruction information stored in the voice storage unit 25.

In addition to this, the voice storage unit 25 may store the voice instruction information registered in advance. For example, as shown in FIG. 4, the voice storage unit 25 "Please move forward as it is", "Turn right ahead", "Turn left ahead", "It is dangerous ahead. Please turn back". Stores voice instruction information such as. In this case, each voice instruction information is associated with signals a, b, c, and d as evacuation instruction information transmitted from the server 10. When the server 10 transmits any of the signals a, b, c, and d as evacuation instruction information, the voice transmission unit 22 receives any of the transmitted signals a, b, c, and d as evacuation instruction information. The voice instruction information corresponding to the evacuation is selected from the voice storage unit 25, and the selected voice instruction information is reproduced.

The device 20 preferably further includes a vibrating portion 24. When the voice is transmitted from the voice transmitting unit 22, the vibrating unit 24 can be vibrated to attract the user's attention. Further, when the device 20 includes two or more vibration units 24, it is possible to transmit evacuation instruction information by combining the vibration modes of the vibration units 24 in addition to the voice information by the voice transmission unit 22.

An example of the case where the device 20 is a necklace type is configured as shown in FIG. In the device 20, two voice transmitting units 22 and two vibrating units 24 are arranged on the left and right respectively, and a microphone 26 is arranged at a lower portion. For example, the two voice transmitting units 22 are located near the user's left and right ears, respectively, and the two vibrating units 24 are located near the user's left and right clavicle, respectively. The two vibrating parts 24 vibrate the left vibrating part 24 when they want to evacuate to the left side in the traveling direction, and vibrate the right vibrating part 24 when they want to evacuate to the right side in the traveling direction. Let me. Other configurations are placed anywhere.

When the device 20 has a necklace type as shown in FIG. 2, the left and right vibrating portions 24 operate as follows, for example. When the voice transmitting unit 22 reproduces the voice data of "Please move forward as it is", the left and right vibrating units 24 do not vibrate. When the voice transmitting unit 22 reproduces the voice data of "Please turn right after this", only the right vibrating unit 24 vibrates. When the voice transmitting unit 22 reproduces the voice data of "Please turn left after this", only the left vibrating unit 24 vibrates. When the voice transmitting unit 22 reproduces the voice data of "The future is dangerous. Please turn back", the left and right vibrating units 24 vibrate.

(3. Disaster monitoring device 30)
The disaster monitoring device 30 will be described with reference to FIG. The disaster monitoring device 30 includes a communication unit 31 capable of communicating with the repeater 40 or the server 10, and a sensor unit 32 for acquiring a disaster occurrence status. A plurality of disaster monitoring devices 30 are installed in the target area for evacuation guidance, and monitor the disaster occurrence status of the entire target area. The disaster information acquired by the sensor unit 32 is sent to the disaster detection unit 12 of the server 10 via the repeater 40 together with the information for specifying the installation location of the disaster monitoring device 30, and detects that a disaster has occurred. A control unit corresponding to the disaster detection unit 12 may be provided on the disaster monitoring device 30 side.

Examples of the sensor unit 32 include a camera, a vibration sensor, a heat sensor, and the like. The vibration sensor mainly detects earthquakes, and the heat sensor mainly detects fires. The camera can detect earthquakes and fires from the acquired images. The disaster information acquired by the sensor unit 32 can be used in combination with a control device having an automatic learning function to improve the accuracy of disaster detection. If a camera is provided as the sensor unit 32, it is possible to detect an obstacle or the like on the passage, and it can be used when determining an evacuation route, which will be described later.

(4. Repeater 40)
The repeater 40 includes a communication unit 41 capable of communicating with the device 20, the disaster monitoring device 30, and the server 10, respectively. A plurality of repeaters 40 are installed in the target area for evacuation guidance, and relay the communication between the server 10 and the device 20 and the communication between the server 10 and the disaster monitoring device 30, respectively. The repeater 40 has an arbitrary configuration, and the server 10 and the device 20 and the server 10 and the disaster monitoring device 30 may directly communicate with each other without providing the repeater 40. When the repeater 40 is provided, the device 20 and the disaster monitoring device 30 can easily communicate with each other by communicating with the nearest repeater 40, which is advantageous for simplification and miniaturization of the communication unit.

Since the communication between the repeater 40 and the disaster monitoring device 30 and the communication between the repeater 40 and the server 10 are fixed terminals, wired communication can also be used. In consideration of the possibility of disconnection in the event of a disaster, wireless communication may be used, or wired communication and wireless communication may be used together. On the other hand, the communication between the repeater 40 and the device 20 which is a mobile terminal is preferably wireless communication. As the wireless communication, short-range wireless communication such as infrared rays, beacons, lasers, and Bluetooth (registered trademark) is more preferable.

The repeater 40 includes a device detection unit 42 that detects the relative position of the device 20 from the direction and distance of the device 20 when communicating with the device 20. The position of the device 20 can be specified from the relative position detected by the device detection unit 42 and the absolute position of the place where the repeater 40 itself is installed.

Ideally, the repeaters 40 should be installed innumerably in the evacuation guidance target area, but based on the actual situation of installation, one repeater 40 should be installed within a radius of about 10 m. Is preferable. By installing in the above range, the position detection accuracy of the device 20 is excellent, and an error can be minimized when transmitting the evacuation instruction information described later.

It is desired that both the disaster monitoring device 30 and the repeater 40 are widely distributed in the evacuation guidance target area. From this point of view, a part or all of the disaster monitoring device 30 and the repeater 40 may be integrated to have a disaster monitoring function and a function of relaying communication between the device 20 and the server 10.

(5. Server 10)
The server 10 includes a communication unit 11 and a control unit 16 that communicate with the device 20 and the disaster monitoring device 30 via the repeater 40. The control unit 16 includes a disaster detection unit 12 that detects disaster information, a position information acquisition unit 13 that acquires the position information of each device 20, and a route determination unit 14 that determines an evacuation route according to each device 20. The evacuation order creation unit 15 for creating evacuation order information is provided. The evacuation order information created by the evacuation order creating unit 15 is transmitted to each device 20 to guide the user to evacuate.

(6. Processing of evacuation guidance system 1)
The processing of the evacuation guidance system 1 will be described with reference to FIGS. 3 to 5. The disaster monitoring device 30 periodically or continuously transmits information such as an image to the server 10. The disaster detection unit 12 of the server 10 detects disaster information based on the information from the disaster monitoring device 30 (step 1, the following steps are referred to as “S”). When the disaster detection unit 12 determines that a disaster has occurred (S1: Y), it starts communication between the device 20 individually carried by the user and the repeater 40 (S2). On the other hand, if the disaster detection unit 12 does not detect the occurrence of a disaster (S1: N), the determination process is repeated.

When the communication is started, the server 10 acquires the position information of the device 20 (S3). Specifically, the repeater 40 communicates with the device 20, acquires the relative position of the device 20, and transmits the relative position to the server 10. Subsequently, the position information acquisition unit 13 of the server 10 acquires the position information of the device 20 from the absolute position of the repeater 40 and the relative position of the acquired device 20.

Subsequently, the route determination unit 14 determines the evacuation route of each device 20 (user carrying the device 20) based on the disaster information and the location information (S4). Specifically, the route determination unit 14 grasps available evacuation sites and passages from disaster information, and grasps the number and distribution of devices 20 (users) from the position information of the device 20. The route determination unit 14 determines the evacuation site and the evacuation route for guiding each device 20 in consideration of the distance to the evacuation site, the number of evacuation sites that can be accommodated, and the like.

At this time, the inter-device distance, which is the mutual distance between the plurality of devices 20, is acquired from the position information, and when the inter-device distance is equal to or less than a predetermined value, the plurality of devices 20 are grouped. Then, the same evacuation route is determined for the devices 20 belonging to the same group. In the event of a disaster, if multiple users who are relatively close to each other take different evacuation behaviors, there is a risk of confusion. By determining the same evacuation route for the device 20 in which the distance between the devices is equal to or less than a predetermined value, confusion at the time of evacuation guidance can be suppressed and quick evacuation guidance can be performed.

For example, when there are a plurality of partitioned areas in the target area, the evacuation routes for the plurality of devices 20 located in the same partitioned area are set as the same group, and the evacuation routes for the plurality of devices 20 located in the same partitioned area are set. Make it the same. However, even if a plurality of devices 20 are located in the same compartment area, if the compartment area is large or there are a plurality of entrances / exits, the plurality of devices 20 located in the same compartment area are divided. And group them. It can also be grouped to accommodate the number of evacuation sites that can be accommodated.

Subsequently, the evacuation order creating unit 15 creates specific evacuation instruction information transmitted from the device 20 based on the evacuation route determined by the route determining unit 14 (S5). The evacuation order information is information corresponding to a specific action performed by the user, such as "turn right" or "turn left". The evacuation instruction information is transmitted to the device 20 via the repeater 40 closest to the device 20, and the voice transmission unit 22 of the device 20 transmits the voice instruction information to the user by voice (S6). Further, the vibrating unit 24 vibrates in a vibration mode corresponding to the voice instruction information (S6).

Here, the evacuation order information created by the evacuation order creation unit 15 is, for example, one of the following two types. The first evacuation order information is voice data created at any time by the evacuation order creation unit 15. In this case, the evacuation order creation unit 15 transmits voice data as evacuation order information to the device 20. The transmitted voice data as evacuation instruction information is stored in the voice storage unit 25 of the device 20.

The second evacuation order information is any of the signals a, b, c, and d created at any time by the evacuation order creation unit 15 (see FIG. 4). In this case, the evacuation order creation unit 15 transmits any of the signals a, b, c, and d as evacuation order information to the device 20. Any one of the signals a, b, c, and d as the transmitted evacuation instruction information is acquired by the voice transmission unit 22.

In the plan map of FIG. 5, the case where the devices X and Y are guided along the evacuation route indicated by the arrow will be described as an example. The repeater 40-1 transmits the signal b to the device X, the repeater 40-2 transmits the signal a to the device Y, and the repeater 40-3 transmits the signal a to the devices X and Y. The signal a is transmitted. When the user carrying the device X misidentifies or ignores the instruction from the repeater 40-1, and proceeds to the left at the next corner (point arrow direction), the repeater 40-4 refers to the device X. The signal d is transmitted.

It is preferable that the repeaters 40-1 to 40-5 recognize the traveling direction of each device and can transmit different signals to each device. For example, the repeater 40-5 recognizes the moving directions of the devices X and Y, transmits the signal c to the device X, and transmits the signal a to the device Y. The repeaters 40-1 to 40-4 can also recognize the traveling direction of each device, and for example, can transmit the signal d to the device that goes backward in the arrow direction.

The evacuation guidance system 1 continues to detect disaster information, acquire location information, determine an evacuation route, create evacuation instruction information, and provide evacuation guidance by voice until it is confirmed that the device 20 has evacuated to a safe evacuation site. (S7: N). At this time, evacuation guidance is performed while updating the evacuation route and evacuation instruction information to the optimum ones in consideration of the newly updated disaster information and the congestion status of the evacuation site and the evacuation route.

(2. Modification example)
In the above example, the evacuation guidance system 1 including the server 10, the device 20, the disaster monitoring device 30, and the repeater 40 is shown. Each of these devices can also be integrated with each other. For example, a part or all of the disaster monitoring device 30 and the repeater 40 may be devices integrated with each other. Further, the device 20 or the disaster monitoring device 30 may be provided with a control unit corresponding to a part or all of the functions of the control unit 16 of the server 10. As an example of simplifying the evacuation guidance system of the present invention, it can be configured only by the device 200 having the function of the server 10 and the disaster monitoring device 300 having the function of the repeater 40.

1: Evacuation guidance system, 10: Server, 11: Communication unit, 12: Disaster detection unit, 13: Location information acquisition unit, 14: Route determination unit, 15: Evacuation order creation unit, 16, Control unit 20: Device, 21 : Communication unit, 22: Voice transmission unit, 23: Auditory characteristic storage unit, 24: Vibration unit, 25, Voice storage unit, 26: Microphone, 27, Voice analysis unit, 30: Disaster monitoring device, 31: Communication unit, 32 : Sensor unit, 40: Repeater, 41: Communication unit, 42: Device detection unit, 200: Device, 300: Disaster monitoring device, X, Y: Device

Claims (7)

Multiple devices carried by multiple users, and
A disaster detection unit that detects disaster information and
A position information acquisition unit that acquires the position information of each of the devices, and
A route determination unit that determines an evacuation route according to the device based on the disaster information and the location information.
An evacuation order creation unit that creates evacuation order information based on the location information and the evacuation route,
With
The device is an evacuation guidance system including a voice transmission unit capable of transmitting the evacuation instruction information by directional voice heard only in an area in a predetermined direction from the device. The evacuation guidance system according to claim 1, wherein the voice transmitting unit is an ultrasonic speaker. The evacuation guidance system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the evacuation order creating unit creates the evacuation order information based on the moving direction of the device and the evacuation route obtained based on the position information. The device further comprises an auditory characteristic storage unit that stores the auditory characteristics of the carrying user.
The evacuation guidance system according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein the voice transmitting unit transmits a voice adjusted according to the auditory characteristic stored in the auditory characteristic storage unit. The route determination unit acquires the inter-device distance from the position information of the plurality of the devices, and makes the evacuation route for the plurality of the devices whose inter-device distance is equal to or less than a predetermined value the same. The evacuation guidance system according to any one of 4. In addition to the disaster information and the location information, the route determination unit responds to the device based on at least one of the congestion status of the evacuation route, the number of evacuation sites that can be accommodated, and the congestion status of the evacuation route. The evacuation guidance system according to any one of claims 1-5, which determines the evacuation route. The evacuation guidance system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the device includes two or more vibrating parts and transmits the evacuation instruction information by combining the vibration modes of the vibrating parts.

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