JP2020162460A - Method for producing intergeneric hybrid between cruciferous vegetable and raphanus vegetable, method for manufacturing food and drink, and food and drink - Google Patents

Abstract

To highly stabilize glucosinolate concentration in intergeneric hybrid (hereinafter, referred to as intergeneric hybrid) between cruciferous vegetable and raphanus vegetable.SOLUTION: Cultivation constitutes a method for producing intergeneric hybrid between cruciferous vegetable and raphanus vegetable. In cultivation, the intergeneric hybrid is cultivated. A cultivation period of the intergeneric hybrid is 20 days or more.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

The present invention relates to a method for producing an intergeneric hybrid between a vegetable of the genus Brassica and a vegetable of the genus Radishes, a method for producing a food or drink, and a food or drink.

In recent years, what is required in the market is vegetables with healthy value. What is disclosed in Patent Document 1 is a sprout of a cruciferous (Brassicaceae) plant, for example, broccoli sprout. Sulforaphane glucosinolate (hereinafter referred to as "SGS") is abundantly contained in this sprout. When SGS is metabolized, it becomes sulforaphane. What is disclosed in Patent Documents 2 to 5 is the action of sulforaphane, specifically, an antioxidant action, a detoxification action, a fat accumulation inhibitory action, an antibacterial action and the like.

One such valuable vegetable candidate is the cruciferous vegetable. This is because many cruciferous vegetables contain glucosinolates. As mentioned above, glucosinolate metabolites play a variety of health effects.

Methods for increasing the content of glucosinolates in cruciferous vegetables are slightly disclosed. What is disclosed in Cited Document 6 is a method for cultivating sprout, and a light emitting diode is adopted there. What is disclosed in Cited Document 7 is a vegetable production method, in which hydroponics under artificial lighting is adopted.

International release WO97 / 09889 JP-A-2006-109754 International release WO01 / 045661 JP-A-2010-126489 International release WO 2002/015722 JP-A-2007-075073 JP 2015-192682

The problem to be solved by the present invention is high stabilization of the glucosinolate concentration in the intergeneric hybrid (hereinafter, also referred to as "intergeneric hybrid") between the vegetables of the genus Brassica and the vegetables of the genus Radishes. That is, what is required of intergenus hybrids is that the glucosinolate concentration is high and stable (small variation). If the glucosinolate concentration is low, or even if it is high, it varies, the health value of the intergenus hybrid cannot be appealed.

Based on the above, the inventor of the present application has diligently studied and found the transition of the glucosinolate concentration in the intergenus hybrid during the cultivation period. That is, the glucosinolate concentration elapses for three periods. The three periods consist of a low concentration period, a variable period, and a high concentration period. If the harvest date of the intergeneric hybrid is in the high concentration period, the glucosinolate concentration is high and the variation is small. From this point of view, the present invention is defined as follows.

Cultivation constitutes a method for producing an intergeneric hybrid between a vegetable of the genus Brassica and a vegetable of the genus Radishes according to the present invention. In cultivation, the intergenus hybrid is cultivated. The cultivation period is 20 days or more.

At least, sorting and processing constitute the method for producing a food or drink according to the present invention. In the selection, intergeneric hybrids of Brassica vegetables and Radishes vegetables are selected. In processing, selected intergeneric hybrids are processed. The selected intergenus hybrid has a leaf of 10 to 15 cm, and the glucosinolate concentration at the tip of the leaf is 100 mg / 100 g or more.

The food or drink according to the present invention contains an intergeneric hybrid of a vegetable of the genus Brassica and a vegetable of the genus Radishes, wherein the leaf length of the intergenus hybrid is 10 to 15 cm and the said. The glucosinolate concentration at the tip of the leaf is 100 mg / 100 g or more.

The present invention allows for high stabilization of glucosinolate concentrations in intergeneric hybrids.

Schematic diagram of intergeneric hybrid leaves Photograph of intergeneric hybrid leaves Transition diagram of glucosinolate concentration Flow chart of the production method according to this embodiment Flow chart of the manufacturing method according to this embodiment

<Intergeneric hybrid between Brassica vegetables and Radishes vegetables>
An intergeneric hybrid between a vegetable of the genus Brassica and a vegetable of the genus Radishes is a hybrid obtained by crossing a vegetable belonging to the genus Brassica and a vegetable belonging to the genus Radishes. Examples of vegetables belonging to the genus Brassica include Chinese cabbage, turnip, bok choy, komatsuna, takana, mizuna, cabbage, broccoli, cauliflower, Brussels sprouts, kohlrabi, and kale. Examples of vegetables belonging to the genus Radishes are radishes and the like. It is preferably an intergenus hybrid of kale and radish, and most preferably the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries variety registration application number 33291 (name of application variety: Saint-Ever 48).

<Glucosinolate>
Glucosinolates are derivatives of glucose and amino acids and are a group of organic compounds containing sulfur and nitrogen. What is shown in Chemical formula 1 is the structural formula of glucosinolate. The glucosinolate in the present invention is not particularly limited, but examples thereof include SGS (also referred to as glucoraphanin), sinigrin, glucoersin, glucobrasicin, glucoraphanin, glucoraphasatin, phenethylglucosinolate, and the like. In the invention, SGS is particularly preferable.

<Glucosinolate concentration of intergeneric hybrids>
The glucosinolate concentration of an intergeneric hybrid means the concentration of glucosinolate contained in an intergenus hybrid. Here, the glucosinolate concentration in the intergenus hybrid refers to the content (mg) per fresh weight (100 g) unless otherwise specified. FIG. 1 shows an outline of the leaves of an intergenus hybrid. FIG. 2 shows a photograph of the leaves of an intergenus hybrid. Unless otherwise stated, the site where the glucosinolate concentration is measured is the tip P of the leaf of the intergenus hybrid, and the leaf length (leaf length) L is 10 to 15 cm. The tip refers to the tip l1 of the leaf to about a quarter of the leaf length L.

<Transition of glucosinolate concentration>
FIG. 3 shows the transition of the glucosinolate concentration. During the cultivation period, this glucosinolate concentration changes. That is, the glucosinolate concentration elapses roughly for three periods. The three periods consist of a low concentration period A, a variable period B and a high concentration period C. A detailed description of each will be described later.

<Low concentration period A>
The low concentration period refers to the period during which the glucosinolate concentration in the intergeneric hybrid is low during the cultivation period. The beginning of the low concentration period (t0) is the planting date (also the cultivation start date) of the seedlings of intergenus hybrids. The glucosinolate concentration in the low concentration period varies depending on the type of intergenus hybrid cultivated, but is roughly 1.2 times or less based on the planting date.

<Fluctuating period B>
The variable period refers to the period during which the glucosinolate concentration in the intergenus hybrid increases significantly during the cultivation period. Glucosinolate concentrations in the fluctuating period vary widely. The ratio [B] / [A] of the standard deviation [B] of the glucosinolate concentration to the mean value [A] of the glucosinolate concentration in the variable period is 0.4 or more. Here, the standard deviation [B] of the glucosinolate concentration is calculated by using Microsoft's spreadsheet software Excel, regarding the glucosinolate concentration in the variable period as a population.

<High concentration period C>
The high concentration period refers to a period in which the glucosinolate concentration in the intergeneric hybrid is high and stable during the cultivation period. The high concentration period lasts until the intergeneric hybrids are harvested. The glucosinolate concentration in the high concentration period varies depending on the type of intergenus hybrid cultivated, but is roughly 2.0 times or more based on the planting date. Preferably, the ratio [B] / [A] of the standard deviation [B] of the glucosinolate concentration to the mean value [A] of the glucosinolate concentration in the high concentration period is less than 0.1. Here, the standard deviation [B] of the glucosinolate concentration is calculated by using Microsoft's spreadsheet software Excel, regarding the glucosinolate concentration in the high concentration period as a population. More preferably, it is as follows. It is the SGS concentration that is high and stable during the high concentration period. The SGS concentration is preferably 100 mg / 100 g or more, more preferably 200 mg / 100 g or more, and further preferably 300 mg / 100 g or more.

<Production method according to the present invention>
FIG. 4 shows the flow of the production method according to the present invention (hereinafter, referred to as “the present production method”). This production method mainly consists of planting (S10), cultivation (S20), and harvesting (S30).

<Planting (S10)>
Plant intergeneric hybrid seedlings. The means for obtaining seedlings of intergeneric hybrids is not particularly limited, and may be one that is distributed in the state of seedlings, one that is distributed in the state of seeds, and tissue culture. It may be obtained by vegetative propagation such as cuttings and cuttings. The planting date is not particularly limited as long as the intergeneric hybrids can be cultivated during the period from planting to harvest, but is preferably May to October.

<Cultivation (S20)>
In cultivation, intergeneric hybrids are cultivated. The place where intergenus hybrids are cultivated is not particularly limited as long as vegetables can be cultivated, and examples thereof include fields, greenhouses, and plant factories. The means for cultivating is not particularly limited, and it may be open-field cultivation, facility cultivation, soil cultivation, or hydroponics. What this step does not exclude is the implementation of work commonly performed in plant cultivation. Examples include fertilization, pesticide spraying, pest control, leaf scraping, sprout scraping, etc.

<Harvest (S30)>
In harvesting, intergeneric hybrids are harvested. The means for harvesting the intergenus hybrid is not particularly limited as long as it is known. Harvest dates are usually determined by the size of intergenus hybrids. However, in this production method, the harvest date is determined by the transition of the glucosinolate concentration. Specifically, the harvest date is the high concentration period. That is, even if the size of the intergeneric hybrid has not reached the size of normal harvest, if it reaches the high concentration period, harvesting may be performed, and conversely, it has reached the size of normal harvest. Even in some cases, harvesting is not carried out unless the high concentration period has been reached. If necessary, the glucosinolate concentration may be measured in order to grasp the glucosinolate concentration. However, the measurement of the glucosinolate concentration does not have to be performed each time of cultivation, and may be performed in trial cultivation prior to full-scale cultivation or evaluation of varieties to be cultivated, which is a typical point in cultivation. May be done only at. That is, it is not always necessary to measure the glucosinolate concentration as long as the high concentration period is reached.

The harvest date is not particularly limited because it varies depending on the type of intergenus hybrid, but is preferably 20 days or more after the planting date, more preferably 40 days or more after the planting date, and more preferably. Is after 60 days or more have passed from the planting date. If it exceeds 150 days from the planting date, the stems of intergenus hybrids become woody and hard, which is not preferable.

<Manufacturing method according to the present invention>
FIG. 5 shows the flow of the manufacturing method according to the present invention (hereinafter, referred to as “the present manufacturing method”). This manufacturing method mainly comprises sorting (S10) and processing (S20).

<Selection (S10)>
In the selection, intergenus hybrids are selected. The purpose of selecting intergenus hybrids is to obtain a raw material having a relatively high glucosinolate concentration and a stable concentration. That is, the place where the sorting is performed is not limited to the place where the food and drink are manufactured, and may be performed at the place where the intergeneric hybrid is produced. The sorting means may be any known one and is not particularly limited. The selected intergenus hybrids have leaves with a leaf length of 10 to 15 cm, and the glucosinolate concentration at the tip of the leaves is 100 mg / 100 g or more.

<Processing (S20)>
In processing, intergeneric hybrids are processed. The processing means is not particularly limited as long as it is known, and examples thereof include heating, shredding, crushing, crushing, squeezing, solid-liquid separation, drying, extraction, blending, and mixing. Food and drink are obtained by processing intergenus hybrids. Examples of foods and drinks are beverages, foods, supplements, and the like. Preferably, the food or drink appeals to the effect that it contains glucosinolates.

<Planting>
Cultured seedlings of intergeneric hybrids (variety registration application number 33291, application variety name: Saint-Evere 48) with kale as the pollen parent and radish as the stigma are placed in a field owned by Kagome Co., Ltd. in Nasushiobara City, Tochigi Prefecture. Planted. Example 1 was planted on June 19, 2017 and cultivated until November 2, 2017. Example 2 was planted on August 25, 2017 and cultivated until December 12, 2017. The planting settings were 70 cm on the top surface, 80 cm between the stocks, and 120 cm between the furrows. The test scale was 30 strains.

<Cultivation>
The planted seedlings were cultivated by soil cultivation. In the fertilizer application design, the basal fertilizer was nitrogen 16 kg / 10a, phosphoric acid 18.8 kg / a, and potassium 16 kg / a, and the top dressing was nitrogen 10 kg / a, phosphoric acid 5.0 kg / a, and potassium 5.0 kg / a.

<Measurement of SGS concentration>
In order to grasp the glucosinolate concentration on the planting day, the SGS concentration of the cultured seedlings obtained by the same culture method was measured. As the measurement sample, the total amount of leaves having a leaf length of 5 cm was used. Measurements were made for any two strains, and the average value was calculated.

In order to understand the behavior of the glucosinolate concentration during the cultivation period, the SGS concentration was measured on a plurality of days. The measurement sample was about 0.5 g at the tip of a leaf with a leaf length of 15 cm, and a mixture of any three strains was measured.

The measurement was performed by the following method. The measurement sample is treated with hot water to inactivate the enzyme (myrosinase), crushed until it becomes a paste, extracted in a water bath set at 100 ° C. for 30 minutes, and then 10,000 × g, 10 Centrifugation was performed at 4 ° C. for 1 minute. The supernatant after centrifugation was filtered through a 0.2 μm filter and quantified by HPLC. The detailed measurement conditions of HPLC are as follows.

<HPLC measurement conditions>
Equipment: ACQUITY UPLC H-Class system (manufactured by Waters)
Column: ACQUITYCSH C18 (Φ2.1 × 100mm, 1.7μm) (manufactured by Waters)
Column temperature: 30 ° C
Sample injection volume: 10 μL
Mobile phase A: Ultrapure water: Trifluoroacetic acid = 99.95: 0.05 (v: v)
Mobile phase B: Methanol: Trifluoroacetic acid = 99.95: 0.05 (v: v)
Gradient: Maintain 0% mobile phase B ratio for 5 minutes
Linear gradient with mobile phase B ratio 0 → 10% in 10 minutes
Linear gradient with mobile phase B ratio of 10 → 100% in 5 minutes
Maintain 100% mobile phase B ratio for 5 minutes
Linear gradient with mobile phase B ratio of 100 → 0% in 2 minutes
Maintain 0% mobile phase B ratio for 5 minutes Flow rate: 0.1 mL / min
Detection wavelength: 235 nm

Table 1 shows the transition of SGS concentration. What can be seen from Table 1 is as follows. The SGS concentration in Example 1 was low from the planting date to August 10, and fluctuated greatly from low to high from August 10 to September 19, and was high after September 19. It is stable in the state. From this, the inflection point from the low concentration period to the variable period exists between August 10 and August 30, and the inflection point from the variable period to the high concentration period is September 7 and September 19. It is presumed to exist during the day.

The SGS concentration in Example 2 was low from the planting date to September 7, and fluctuated greatly from low to high from September 7 to November 2, and after November 2. Is stable in a high state. From this, the inflection point from the low concentration period to the variable period exists between September 7 and September 19, and the inflection point from the variable period to the high concentration period is October 18 and November 2. It is presumed to exist during the day.

Table 2 shows the mean value and standard deviation of the SGS concentration. What can be seen from Table 2 is as follows. In Example 1, the SGS concentration between the planting date and August 10 is low. Specifically, the average value [A] of the SGS concentration in the period is 1.2 times or less based on the planting date. The variation in SGS concentration between August 10th and September 19th is large. Specifically, the value of the ratio [B] / [A] of the standard deviation [B] of the SGS concentration to the average value [A] of the SGS concentration in the period is 0.4 or more. The standard deviation [B] of the SGS concentration during the period was determined by using Microsoft Excel 2010 with the SGS concentration from August 10 to September 19 as the population. It was calculated by a function named P. The SGS concentration between September 19th and November 2nd is high and the variability is small. Specifically, the average value [A] of the SGS concentration during the period is 2.0 times or more based on the planting date, and the standard deviation [B] of the SGS concentration with respect to the average value [A] of the SGS concentration. The value of the ratio [B] / [A] of is less than 0.1. The standard deviation [B] of the SGS concentration during the period was determined by using Microsoft Excel 2010 with the SGS concentration from September 19 to November 2 as the population. It was calculated by a function named P. From the above, harvesting after September 19 makes it possible to produce stable intergeneric hybrids with a high SGS concentration.

In Example 2, the SGS concentration between the planting date and September 7 is low. Specifically, the average value [A] of the SGS concentration in the period is 1.2 times or less based on the planting date. The variation in SGS concentration between September 7th and November 2nd is large. Specifically, the value of the ratio [B] / [A] of the standard deviation [B] of the SGS concentration to the average value [A] of the SGS concentration in the period is 0.4 or more. The standard deviation [B] of the SGS concentration during the period was determined by using Microsoft Excel 2010 with the SGS concentration from September 7 to November 2 as the population. It was calculated by a function named P. The SGS concentration between November 2nd and December 12th is high and the variability is small. Specifically, the average value [A] of the SGS concentration during the period is 2.0 times or more based on the planting date, and the standard deviation [B] of the SGS concentration with respect to the average value [A] of the SGS concentration. The value of the ratio [B] / [A] of is less than 0.1. The standard deviation [B] of the SGS concentration during the period was determined by using Microsoft Excel 2010 with the SGS concentration from November 2 to December 12 as the population. It was calculated by a function named P. From the above, harvesting after November 2 will enable the production of stable intergeneric hybrids with a high SGS concentration.

An area in which the present invention is useful is the production of vegetables.

Claims (10)

A method for producing intergeneric hybrids between Brassica vegetables and Radishes vegetables, which is composed of at least the following steps:
Cultivation: The intergenus hybrids are cultivated here, and the cultivation period is 20 days or more. The production method of claim 1.
The cultivation period is 40 days or more. The production method of claim 1.
The cultivation period is 60 days or more. The production method according to any one of claims 1 to 3.
The cultivation period is within 150 days. The production method according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
The factor that determines the cultivation period is the planting date. The production method according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
The leaf length of the intergenus hybrid is 10 to 15 cm, and the leaf length is 10 to 15 cm.
The glucosinolate concentration at the tip of the leaf is 100 mg / 100 g or more. The production method of claim 6.
The glucosinolate is SGS. A method for producing food and drink, which is composed of at least the following steps:
Sorting: What is sorted here is an intergeneric hybrid of a vegetable of the genus Brassica and a vegetable of the genus Radishes, and the leaf length of the selected intergeneric hybrid is 10 to 15 cm, and the above-mentioned The glucosinolate concentration at the tip of the leaf is 100 mg / 100 g or more, and
Processing: It is the selected intergenus hybrid that is processed here. Food and drink
It contains intergeneric hybrids of Brassica and Radishes.
The intergenus hybrid has leaves with a leaf length of 10 to 15 cm and has a leaf length of 10 to 15 cm.
The glucosinolate concentration at the tip of the leaf is 100 mg / 100 g or more. The food and drink of claim 9.
What is appealed there is that it contains glucosinolate.