JP2020154804A - Management device and vehicle sharing system - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a management device and a vehicle sharing system that are useful for warranty of safety.SOLUTION: A management server 10 that is used in a vehicle sharing system comprises: a receiving unit 11 that receives traveling data of a vehicle from the vehicle having a complete automatic operation function; a storage unit 13 that stores traveling data; a controlling unit 12 that can generate a permission signal which permits activation of a complete automatic operation for the vehicle; and a transmitting unit 14 that transmits the permission signal to the vehicle. The controlling unit 12 estimates skill of a complete automatic operation in a path between predetermined two sites obtained from the traveling data stored in the storage unit 13, and generates the permission signal in the path, only when the estimated value is more than or equal to a predetermined value.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

The present disclosure relates to a management device and a vehicle sharing system used for sharing a vehicle owned by an individual.

From the viewpoint of effective use of vehicles, vehicle sharing that allows other users to use the vehicle when the owner of the vehicle does not use the vehicle is becoming widespread. Vehicle sharing allows the owner to receive a usage fee, which allows the vehicle to be used more effectively from a property perspective, and the cost of using the vehicle compared to the case where other users also own the vehicle. Can be reduced.

On the other hand, automatic driving that can partially or completely omit human driving operations is becoming widespread. Fully automated driving, that is, Level 4 or higher autonomous driving as defined by the US Department of Transportation Road Traffic Safety Administration, is expected to be realized in the near future.

In the current vehicle sharing, it is generally necessary for the owner of the vehicle to drive the vehicle to the delivery place of the vehicle, which is a factor that hinders the effective utilization of the vehicle. When fully autonomous driving is realized, it is expected that the delivery of vehicles will be unmanned. That is, the user calls the vehicle using a user terminal such as a smartphone, the called fully autonomous driving vehicle heads for the desired delivery place by unmanned driving, and the user receives the vehicle at the delivery place. be able to.

Various technologies that are expected to be used when utilizing vehicle sharing and autonomous driving have been proposed. Patent Document 1 discloses how to determine an insurance policy according to a mode of automatic driving. Patent Document 2 discloses a system for calculating rental income and own income when a vehicle is rented to another person.

U.S. Pat. No. 8595037 Japanese Patent No. 6392293

By combining vehicle sharing with fully autonomous driving technology, it is expected that vehicle sharing will become more widespread, but it is important to ensure appropriate safety.

The present disclosure relates to a management device useful for ensuring safety and a vehicle sharing system.

The management device of the present disclosure permits a receiving unit that receives driving data of the vehicle, a storage unit that stores the driving data, and the vehicle to activate fully automatic driving from a vehicle having a fully automatic driving function. A control unit capable of generating a permission signal to be used and a transmission unit for transmitting the permission signal to the vehicle are provided, and the control unit is a route between a predetermined two points from the traveling data stored in the storage unit. The skill of fully automatic driving in the above is estimated, and the permission signal is generated in the route only when the estimated value is equal to or more than a predetermined value.

The vehicle sharing system of the present disclosure includes the management device and the vehicle.

According to the present disclosure, it is possible to appropriately limit the situations in which fully automatic driving is permitted in the vehicle sharing system, so that safety is appropriately ensured and further use of the vehicle is promoted through vehicle sharing. be able to.

Conceptual diagram of vehicle sharing system Block diagram showing an example of the configuration of an in-vehicle terminal Block diagram showing an example of the management server configuration Sequence diagram showing the processing procedure of vehicle sharing by the vehicle sharing system (Part 1) Sequence diagram showing the processing procedure of vehicle sharing by the vehicle sharing system (Part 2) Sequence diagram showing the processing procedure of vehicle sharing by the vehicle sharing system (Part 3) Sequence diagram showing the processing procedure of vehicle sharing by the vehicle sharing system (Part 4) Sequence diagram showing the processing procedure of vehicle sharing by the vehicle sharing system (No. 5) Sequence diagram showing the processing procedure of vehicle sharing by the vehicle sharing system (No. 6)

Hereinafter, embodiments in which the management device and vehicle sharing system according to the present disclosure are specifically disclosed will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings as appropriate. However, more detailed explanation than necessary may be omitted. For example, detailed explanations of already well-known matters and duplicate explanations for substantially the same configuration may be omitted. This is to avoid unnecessary redundancy of the following description and to facilitate the understanding of those skilled in the art. It should be noted that the accompanying drawings and the following description are provided for those skilled in the art to fully understand the present disclosure, and are not intended to limit the subject matter described in the claims.

1 to 3 show embodiments of a management device and a vehicle sharing system to which the present disclosure applies.

FIG. 1 shows a conceptual diagram of the vehicle sharing system 1. The vehicle sharing system 1 includes a vehicle 3, an owner terminal 5 operated by the owner of the vehicle 3, a user terminal 7 operated by a user of the vehicle 3 (a person other than the owner), and a vehicle 3. , Each of the owner terminal 5 and the user terminal 7 and a management server 10 capable of wireless communication via a wireless communication network are included. The wireless communication method is not particularly limited, and for example, a mobile communication system (so-called 3rd generation (3G), 4th generation (4G), 5th generation (5G), etc.) is assumed.

The vehicle 3 has a fully automatic driving function equivalent to level 4 or higher defined by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration of the US Department of Transportation, and can run in an unmanned state without a driver (so-called unmanned driving). It is assumed that the vehicle 3 is owned by an individual owner and is shared and used by a plurality of users. The vehicle 3 includes an in-vehicle terminal 30 shown in FIG. 2, which will be described later.

The management server 10 can wirelessly communicate with each of the vehicle 3, the owner terminal 5, and the user terminal 7 via a wireless communication network, and when executing the vehicle sharing service, the vehicle 3, the owner terminal 5, It is a management device that manages each data of the user terminal 7.

The owner terminal 5 is a terminal operated by the owner of the vehicle 3, and the user terminal 7 is a terminal operated by a user other than the owner, for example, a portable smartphone. Is not limited. The user contacts the owner terminal 5 using the user terminal 7, and the owner moves the vehicle 3 from the vehicle storage location to the vehicle delivery position where the user waits (“dispatching” in FIG. 1). The user who has delivered the vehicle 3 gets on the vehicle 3 and uses it (“in use” in FIG. 1), and returns the vehicle 3 after the end of use (“returning” in FIG. 1). The owner can earn a profit by renting out the vehicle 3 owned by the owner to the user at a convenient time, and the user can utilize the vehicle without owning the vehicle 3. That is, the owner and the user can share the vehicle 3 by the vehicle sharing system 1, and the vehicle 3 can be effectively used.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of an in-vehicle terminal. The in-vehicle terminal 30 is installed in the vehicle 3 (for example, the passenger room of the vehicle 3) and has a function of activating the fully automatic driving function of the vehicle 3. By wirelessly connecting the in-vehicle terminal 30 to the management server 10, the management server 10 can grasp the position and usage state of the vehicle 3.

Further, the in-vehicle terminal 30 has an authentication function for determining whether or not the owner of the vehicle 3 is on board, and the block diagram of FIG. 2 shows a portion particularly performing such a function. The in-vehicle terminal 30 includes a driver detection unit 31, an owner data initial registration unit 32, an owner authentication information storage unit 33, a personal authentication unit 34, and an owner determination unit 35.

The driver detection unit 31 is composed of an image sensor or the like capable of capturing personal authentication information such as a face or an iris, and detects that an arbitrary person has entered the driver's seat. In the owner data initial registration unit 32, the driver detection unit 31 can operate the operation unit (touch panel, switch, button, etc.) that the owner does not show because the person who got on the vehicle is the owner of the vehicle 3. Register that the captured person is the owner's data as the authentication information of the initial information. The owner authentication information storage unit 33 stores the authentication information corresponding to the owner authentication information registered by the owner data initial registration unit 32. The personal authentication unit 34 authenticates an individual based on the authentication information captured by the driver detection unit 31 at an arbitrary timing, and also includes this authentication information and the owner authentication information stored in the owner authentication information storage unit 33. To compare. The owner determination unit 35 determines whether or not the person on board is the owner of the vehicle 3 based on the comparison of the personal authentication unit 34.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of the management server. The management server 10 includes a receiving unit 11, a control unit 12, a storage unit 13, and a transmitting unit 14. The receiving unit 11 receives data from the vehicle 3, the owner terminal 5, and the user terminal 7, and in particular, receives personal authentication information of the person who got on the vehicle and traveling data of the vehicle from the vehicle 3. The control unit 12 is a part that controls the management function of the management server 10 based on the received data, and can generate a permission signal that permits the vehicle 3 to activate fully automatic driving, as will be described later. The storage unit 13 stores the traveling data of the vehicle 3 and other data. The transmission unit 14 transmits the permission signal and other data calculated and generated by the control unit 12 to the vehicle 3, the owner terminal 5, and the user terminal 7.

Next, the operation procedure of vehicle sharing by the vehicle sharing system 1 will be described with reference to the sequence diagrams of FIGS. 4 to 9.

<Setting of owner personal authentication>
The owner gets on the vehicle 3 (step S1) parked in the vehicle storage place (step S2), and the driver detection unit 31 detects that an arbitrary person has got on the driver's seat. The owner operates the owner data initial registration unit 32, and the owner authentication information storage unit 33 stores and registers the owner's authentication information (step S3). The personal authentication unit 34 and the owner determination unit 35 perform personal authentication (step S4), recognize that the owner has boarded, and determine (step S5). After that, when the owner gets on board, the "fully automatic driving start button" is displayed on the display (not shown) of the in-vehicle terminal 30 (step S6). That is, when the owner is on board, the in-vehicle terminal 30 notifies that the activation of fully automatic driving is urged regardless of the permission signal from the management server 10, and when the owner operates the button. The vehicle 3 can activate the function of fully automatic driving. Further, when the owner is not on board, the vehicle 3 enables the activation of fully automatic driving according to the instruction of the permission signal from the management server 10.

<Setting of candidate delivery site by owner>
Next, the owner determines in advance a candidate delivery site for the vehicle 3 (vehicle delivery position, which may be plural), operates the operation unit of the in-vehicle terminal 30 to input, and the in-vehicle terminal 30 manages the candidate delivery site. It is transmitted to 10 (step S7). In the receiving unit 11 of the management server 10, the storage unit 13 of the management server 10 registers and stores the delivery candidate site together with the personal authentication information of the owner who got on the vehicle (step S8). With the owner on board, the vehicle 3 travels on the route between the vehicle storage location (home garage, etc.) and the delivery candidate site by fully automatic driving (step S9). At this point, it is assumed that the route is the first to be driven, and the owner's boarding is essential to activate fully autonomous driving.

During fully automatic driving, the vehicle 3 collects running data including external environment data regarding the external environment of the vehicle 3 and behavior data regarding the behavior of the vehicle during running, and transmits the running data to the management server 10 (step S10). The external environment data and behavior data included in the driving data include, for example, the following.

・ External environment data: Weather and traffic volume that changes with time, roads that do not change with time, images in front of the vehicle ・ Behavior data: Position information, vehicle speed, steering angle, acceleration, acceleration (acceleration change rate) ), Drive speed, drive torque

The receiving unit 11 receives the travel data, and the storage unit 13 stores and stores the travel data (step S11). During the fully automatic operation, data transmission and storage continue (steps S12 and S13). The control unit 12 of the management server 10 analyzes the travel data stored in the storage unit 13 and calculates the skill of fully automatic driving when the vehicle 3 travels on a predetermined route between the vehicle storage location and the delivery candidate site. And estimate (step S14). As will be described later, the control unit 12 generates a permission signal for permitting the activation of fully automatic driving on the route only when the skill of fully automatic driving is equal to or higher than a predetermined value. For example, the control unit 12 compares the collected driving data with the basic data obtained by simulation in advance, and quantifies the skill of fully automatic driving by the degree of deviation from the basic data of the driving data and the deviation rate. .. Further, the control unit 12 can calculate the accident occurrence risk rate for each route traveled based on this skill and determine whether or not the risk rate is equal to or less than a predetermined value. The route between the predetermined two points for estimating the skill of fully automatic driving is, for example, the route from the vehicle storage location of the vehicle 3 to the vehicle delivery position where the vehicle 3 is delivered to a user other than the owner, or owned. The skill may be estimated for the route from the vehicle delivery position where the user other than the user delivers the vehicle 3 to the owner to the vehicle storage location of the vehicle 3. As a result, the skill of fully autonomous driving on a predetermined route between the vehicle storage location and the candidate delivery site is estimated.

When the vehicle 3 arrives at the delivery candidate site (step S15), the management server 10 completes the registration of the delivery candidate site, and the transmission unit 14 transmits the information of the delivery candidate site to the in-vehicle terminal 30 (step S16). When the registration of the candidate delivery site is completed, the vehicle 3 periodically transmits and reports the following information on the vehicle condition to the management server 10 (step S17).

・ Vehicle ID
・ Current position of vehicle (latitude, longitude, etc.)
・ Usage status (for example, classified into the following categories)
Unused: Parked in the owner's vehicle storage location Distributing: Heading to the delivery location to the user In use: User's use Returning: Ended use and owner's Heading to your home garage

<Use of services by users>
When the vehicle 3 is unused (steps S18 and S19), the owner uses the owner terminal 5 to register the rental conditions such as the rental date and time including the vehicle ID of the vehicle 3 and the rental fee to the management server 10. (Step S20). On the other hand, when the user wants to use the vehicle 3, he / she uses the user terminal 7 to transmit the current position of his / her own terminal to the management server 10 as the desired position for delivery (step S21). The desired delivery position is not limited to the current position of the user terminal 7, for example, when searching for a vehicle that can be used around the getting-off station from the moving trains, the position of the getting-off station is set as the desired delivery position. A desired position may be specified.

The management server 10 refers to the position information of the desired delivery position designated from the user terminal 7 and creates a list of unused vehicles parked in the vehicle storage location existing around the desired delivery position (step S22). .. Further, the management server 10 searches for the accident occurrence risk rate when the vehicle is fully automated and dispatched from the storage location to the delivery candidate site for each unused vehicle, and only the vehicles whose value is less than or equal to the predetermined value are "available vehicles". It is set as a "list" (step S23) and replied to the user terminal 7 (step S24). That is, the vehicle that can be used here is a vehicle for which it has been determined that the skill of fully automatic driving in step S14 is equal to or higher than a predetermined value for the route from the vehicle storage location to the candidate delivery site.

The management server 10 can appropriately manage the risk of an accident due to unmanned vehicle dispatch to the delivery place by appropriately setting this predetermined value. The individual vehicle information included in the "List of Available Vehicles" includes at least the following information.

・ Vehicle ID
・ Available date and time and usage fee ・ Vehicle delivery candidate position ・ Estimated arrival time to vehicle delivery candidate position

The user selects a desired vehicle from the "list of available vehicles" displayed on the user terminal 7 (selection of vehicle ID), and specifies the desired date and time of use and the delivery position for the management server 10. Request a vehicle dispatch call (step S25).

The control unit 12 of the management server 10 compares the desired date and time of use specified by the user with the date and time of lending available specified by the owner, and if they match, the selected vehicle 3 is fully automated. Is generated, and the transmission unit 14 issues a vehicle allocation command to the delivery position by fully automatic driving together with the transmission of the permission signal (step S26). Here, the state of the vehicle 3 to be dispatched is "unused", that is, the vehicle is parked in the vehicle storage location, and the vehicle is dispatched to the candidate site for delivery of the vehicle 3, so that the owner of the vehicle 3 is on board. Even if it is not, it is possible to drive on the route by fully automatic operation. That is, even if the owner is absent, the vehicle 3 can be driven unmanned to a desired delivery place by fully automatic driving, and the user can receive the vehicle at the delivery place.

While the vehicle 3 is being dispatched (steps S27 and S28), the vehicle 3 moves to the delivery position by fully automatic driving while reporting and transmitting its own state to the management server 10 (step S29). When the vehicle 3 arrives at the delivery location (step S31) and the user gets into the vehicle 3 (step S32), the in-vehicle terminal 30 changes the state of the vehicle to "usage state = in use" and then of the vehicle. The status is transmitted to the management server 10 (step S33).

While the vehicle 3 is in use (steps S34 and S35), the in-vehicle terminal 30 determines whether or not the owner is on board through an authentication process (step S36) similar to the processes of steps S3 to S5. It is determined that the owner is not on board (step S37). When the owner is on board as in step S6, the "fully automatic driving start button" is displayed on the in-vehicle terminal, but since the owner is not on board in the current state, "fully automatic driving start" The "button" is not displayed on the vehicle-mounted terminal 30 (step S38).

The user starts the manual operation of the vehicle 3 (step S39), ends the use of the vehicle (step S40), and arrives at the delivery position (step S41). When the user ends the use of the vehicle 3, the vehicle 3 is stopped at a predetermined delivery place, and the end of use is set from the operation unit of the in-vehicle terminal 30 (step S42).

<Return of vehicle>
The in-vehicle terminal 30 notifies the management server 10 of the return (step S43), and the user gets off the vehicle 3 (step S44). The management server 10 instructs the vehicle 3 to return to the vehicle storage location (step S45). Here, since the vehicle 3 is stopped at the candidate delivery site and the dispatch destination is the vehicle storage location, the vehicle 3 is on the route (fully automatic driving of the vehicle) even if the owner is not on board. It is possible to travel by fully automatic driving on a route whose skill has been determined to be equal to or higher than a predetermined value. In this case, it is assumed that the skill of fully automatic driving in step S14 has been determined to be equal to or higher than the predetermined value for the route from the candidate delivery site to the vehicle storage location.

According to the return command, the vehicle 3 changes the usage status to "usage status = returning" (steps S46 and 47), reports the status to the management server 10 (step S48), and moves to the storage location (step S49). ). When the vehicle 3 arrives at the vehicle storage location (step S50), the vehicle 3 transitions the usage status to "used status = unused", reports the status to the management server 10 (step S51), and "used status = unused". (Steps S52 and 53). As a result, a series of processes is completed.

In the unlikely event that an accident occurs during so-called Level 4 or higher fully autonomous driving, including unmanned driving, it is controversial who will be liable and may be the responsibility of the vehicle manufacturer. It can be said that making the vehicle manufacturer bear the responsibility is a reasonable judgment to some extent in the case where the owner of the vehicle uses the fully automatic driving function or the case where the so-called passenger business vehicle uses the fully automatic driving function.

However, in vehicle sharing, it is assumed that a user who is not the owner will select fully automatic driving, or that the vehicle will be dispatched by fully automatic driving to the delivery location to the user. In, it is considered necessary to discuss whether it is appropriate for the vehicle manufacturer to take responsibility for the accident. Even in such a case, if the vehicle manufacturer is responsible for the accident, it is foreseen that the vehicle manufacturer will add a cost commensurate with the magnitude of the risk to the vehicle selling price in advance, and the vehicle is fully automated. There is a concern that the spread of the product will be hindered.

On the other hand, in the present embodiment, the route for unmanned driving by fully automatic driving in steps S30 and S49 is that in steps S9 to S14, fully automatic driving is carried out with the owner in advance, and step S23. The route is limited to routes for which it has been determined that the skill of fully automatic driving of the vehicle exceeds a predetermined value. Therefore, even if the owner is not on board, unmanned vehicle dispatch and return can be safely performed by fully automatic driving.

Further, in step S38, when only a user other than the owner is on board and it is expected that the vehicle will travel on a route for which the skill of fully automatic driving of the vehicle has not been determined, the "fully automatic driving start button" is not displayed. Prohibit the activation of fully automatic operation. Therefore, it is possible for vehicle manufacturers to make effective use of fully autonomous vehicles owned by individuals without taking excessive risks, and by extension, to popularize vehicle sharing services that utilize fully autonomous driving. Become.

The present disclosure is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and can be appropriately modified, improved, and the like. In addition, the material, shape, size, numerical value, form, number, arrangement location, etc. of each component in the above-described embodiment are arbitrary and are not limited as long as the present disclosure can be achieved.

According to the management device and the vehicle sharing system of the present disclosure, it is possible to make effective use of the vehicle while ensuring safety and further popularize the vehicle sharing service.

1 Vehicle sharing system 3 Vehicle 5 Owner terminal 7 User terminal 10 Management server (management device)
11 Reception unit 12 Control unit 13 Storage unit 14 Transmission unit 30 In-vehicle terminal 31 Driver detection unit 32 Owner data initial registration unit 33 Owner authentication information storage unit 34 Personal authentication unit 35 Owner determination unit

Claims (6)

A receiver that receives driving data of the vehicle from a vehicle that has a fully automatic driving function,
A storage unit that stores the driving data and
A control unit capable of generating a permit signal that permits the vehicle to activate fully automated driving,
A transmission unit that transmits the permission signal to the vehicle is provided.
The control unit estimates the skill of fully automatic driving in a route between a predetermined two points from the traveling data stored in the storage unit, and only when the estimated value is equal to or more than a predetermined value, the control unit estimates the said in the route. Generate an authorization signal,
Management device. The management device according to claim 1.
The traveling data includes external environment data relating to the external environment of the vehicle and behavior data relating to the behavior of the vehicle during traveling.
Management device. The management device according to claim 1 or 2.
The control unit calculates the skill of fully automatic driving based on the driving data of fully automatic driving of the vehicle on which the owner has boarded.
Management device. The management device according to any one of claims 1 to 3.
The route between the predetermined two points is a route from the vehicle storage location of the vehicle to the vehicle delivery position where the vehicle is delivered to a user other than the owner, or a user other than the owner gives the owner. This is the route from the vehicle delivery position where the vehicle is delivered to the vehicle storage location of the vehicle.
Management device. A vehicle sharing system including the management device according to any one of claims 1 to 4 and the vehicle. The vehicle sharing system according to claim 5.
The vehicle is equipped with an in-vehicle terminal.
The in-vehicle terminal can determine whether or not the owner of the vehicle is on board.
The vehicle
When the owner is on board, it is possible to activate fully automatic driving regardless of the permission signal.
When the owner is not on board, it is possible to activate fully automatic driving according to the instructions of the permission signal.
Vehicle sharing system.

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