JP2020151771A - Machine tool - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a machine tool that allows a work-piece to be delivered between a loader and a spindle, with a simpler structure.SOLUTION: A machine tool 1 comprises: a second spindle unit 70 having a second spindle 71 that shaft-rotates a work-piece W while holding the work-piece and a second spindle base 72 that supports the second spindle 71 rotatably; a second Z-axis slide mechanism 75 and an X-axis slide mechanism 76 that move the second spindle unit 70 in a Z-axis direction and in an x-axis direction; a tool 22 that machines the work-piece W; a loader device 80 having a loader 82 that holds the work-piece W or releases the holding and a loader slide driving unit 84 that moves the loader 82 only along the z-axis direction; and a control unit 300 that makes the second spindle 71 face the loader 82 in the Z-axis direction by combining movement in the Z-axis direction of the loader 82 with movement in the X-axis direction of the second spindle unit 70, and delivers the work-piece W to the second spindle 71 or receives the work-piece W from the second main shaft 71 through the loader 82.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

The present invention relates to a machine tool.

Conventionally, in a machine tool, a transfer device having a loader that grips or releases a work piece (work) and conveys the work piece gripped by the loader has been known. For example, the loader described in Patent Document 1 is configured to be movable in a plurality of axes (for example, three axes), and grips and grips the workpiece so as to deliver the workpiece to or receive the workpiece from the spindle. It is provided with two loader chucks for releasing the load. The two loader chucks are configured to be independently rotatable.

Japanese Patent No. 6174193

In the configuration described in Patent Document 1, the loader is movable in a plurality of axial directions, and each loader chuck is configured to be rotatable, so that the configuration is complicated.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a machine tool capable of transmitting and receiving a work between a loader and a spindle with a simpler configuration.

In order to achieve the above object, the machine tool according to the present invention includes a spindle unit for rotating a spindle while gripping a workpiece, a spindle unit for rotatably supporting the spindle, and a first spindle along the axis of the workpiece. A spindle moving portion that moves the spindle unit in a second axial direction that is different from the axial direction and the first axial direction, a tool that processes the work by contacting the work, and gripping or gripping the work. A loader having a loader for releasing the load and a loader slide drive unit for moving the loader only along the first axial direction, and the loader device and the spindle moving unit being controlled and passed through the loader slide drive unit. The spindle is made to face the loader in the first axis direction by the cooperation of the movement of the loader in the first axis direction and the movement of the spindle unit in the second axis direction through the spindle moving portion, and the work is made through the loader. Is provided to the spindle or a control unit that receives the work from the spindle.

According to the present invention, in a machine tool, a work can be transferred between a loader and a spindle with a simpler configuration.

It is a schematic front view of the machine tool which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic plan view of the machine tool which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic side view of the machine tool which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is an enlarged view of FIG. 2 which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a flowchart of the processing process when the work is discharged from the 2nd spindle by the loader device which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a flowchart of the processing process when the work is supplied to the 2nd spindle by the loader device which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic plan view of the loader device, the back tool unit and the 2nd spindle unit which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic plan view of the loader device, the back tool unit and the 2nd spindle unit which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic plan view of the loader device, the back tool unit and the 2nd spindle unit which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic plan view of the loader device, the back tool unit and the 2nd spindle unit which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic plan view of the loader device, the back tool unit and the 2nd spindle unit which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention.

A machine tool according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
As shown in FIG. 1, the machine tool 1 is an NC (Numerical Control) lathe that processes a work W. Specifically, the machine tool 1 includes a bed S which is a base of the entire machine tool 1, a first spindle unit 10, a first Z-axis moving mechanism 13, a tool mechanism 30, a second spindle unit 70, and a rear tool unit. 20 includes a control unit 300 for controlling the machine tool 1, a loader device 80, a chute box 96 shown in FIG. 2, a second Z-axis slide mechanism 75 and an X-axis slide mechanism 76 shown in FIG.

(1st spindle unit 10)
As shown in FIG. 1, the first spindle unit 10 processes the front side of the work W by rotating the shaft while gripping the work W. The first spindle unit 10 includes a first spindle 14 which is a front spindle that rotatably supports the work W, and a first spindle 11 that rotatably supports the first spindle 14. The first spindle 14 includes a chuck that grips the work W and a work rotation motor that rotates the work W gripped by the chuck, which are not shown.
The first Z-axis moving mechanism 13 moves the first spindle unit 10 in the Z-axis direction. The first Z-axis moving mechanism 13 moves the first spindle unit 10 together with the nut 13b in the Z-axis direction along the axial direction of the work W by rotating the ball screw 13a around the Z-axis motor 13z.

(Tool mechanism 30)
As shown in FIG. 1, the tool mechanism 30 moves the tool 35a in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction with respect to the work W gripped by the first spindle unit 10. The tool mechanism 30 raises a fixed base 41 fixed to the bed S, a guide bushless device 98 fixed to the fixed base 41, a front tool unit 35 having a tool 35a made of a cutting tool or the like, and a front tool unit 35. It includes a Y-axis moving mechanism 32 that moves the front tool unit 35 in the Y-axis direction along the longitudinal direction, and an X-axis moving mechanism 33 that moves the front tool unit 35 in the X-axis direction as shown in FIG. The Y-axis moving mechanism 32 and the X-axis moving mechanism 33 are composed of a motor, a ball screw, and a nut, similarly to the first Z-axis moving mechanism 13. The first Z-axis moving mechanism 13, the Y-axis moving mechanism 32, or the X-axis moving mechanism 33 moves the tool 35a with respect to the work W rotated by the first spindle 14 under the control of the control unit 300. W is processed.

As shown in FIG. 1, the fixing base 41 has a hollow portion 41a centered on a work W gripped by a first spindle 14. A guide bushless device 98 located around the first spindle 14 is mounted in the cavity 41a. In addition, instead of the guide bushless device 98, a guide bush device that supports the work W may be mounted.

(Second spindle unit 70)
As shown in FIG. 1, the second spindle unit 70 is provided at a position facing the first spindle unit 10 in the Z-axis direction, and the work W is gripped and axially rotated to process the back surface side of the work W. The second spindle unit 70 includes a second spindle 71, which is a rear spindle that rotatably supports the work W, and a second spindle 72 that rotatably supports the second spindle 71. The second main shaft 71 includes a chuck that grips the work W and a work rotation motor that rotates the work W gripped by the chuck, which are not shown.

As shown in FIG. 3, the second Z-axis slide mechanism 75 and the X-axis slide mechanism 76 are respectively configured in the same manner as the first Z-axis movement mechanism 13 described above. The X-axis slide mechanism 76 moves the second Z-axis slide mechanism 75 and the second spindle unit 70 in the X-axis direction. The second Z-axis slide mechanism 75 moves the second spindle unit 70 in the Z-axis direction. Therefore, the second Z-axis slide mechanism 75 and the X-axis slide mechanism 76 can move the second spindle unit 70 in the Z-axis direction and the horizontal direction along the X-axis direction. The second Z-axis slide mechanism 75 and the X-axis slide mechanism 76 are examples of the spindle moving portion.

(Rear tool unit 20)
As shown in FIG. 1, the back tool unit 20 processes a work W that is axially rotated by the second spindle unit 70. The rear tool unit 20 includes a tool holding portion 21 fixed on the bed S and a tool 22 held by the tool holding portion 21. The tool 22 is composed of a drill, a turning bite, and the like, and is arranged along the X-axis direction. The tip of the tool 22 projects in a direction approaching the second spindle 71 in the Z-axis direction.

(Loader device 80)
As shown in FIGS. 1, 2 and 3, the loader device 80 includes a loader 82 that transfers work W to and from the second spindle 71, and a loader slide drive unit that moves the loader 82 along the Z-axis direction. 84 and. The loader slide drive unit 84 includes a motor 83 having an output shaft 83a, spur gears 84a, 84f, belts 84b, 84c, a rotary shaft 84e, a slide unit 82s, a slide guide unit 82g, a fixing member 82d, and the like. A support member 85 is provided.

As shown in FIG. 4, the motor 83 rotates the output shaft 83a under the control of the control unit 300. The output shaft 83a extends toward the belt 84c along the X-axis direction. A gear 83a1 with which the belt 84b meshes is fixed to the tip end side of the output shaft 83a.
The spur gear 84a is rotatably supported via a rotation shaft 84e fixed to the center of rotation of the spur gear 84a. The spur gear 84a has a diameter larger than that of the gear 83a1 and is arranged in the Z-axis direction with respect to the gear 83a1. The annular belt 84b is hung between the spur gear 84a and the gear 83a1. A reduction mechanism is configured in which the output shaft 83a of the motor 83 is decelerated by the gear 83a1, the spur gear 84a, and the belt 84b and transmitted to the spur gear 84a.

The rotation shaft 84e is located at the center of rotation of the spur gear 84a and rotates integrally with the spur gear 84a. The rotating shaft 84e extends from the spur gear 84a toward the belt 84c along the X-axis direction. A gear 84e1 with which the belt 84c meshes is fixed to the tip end side of the rotating shaft 84e.

As shown in FIG. 1, the spur gear 84f is arranged in the Z-axis direction with respect to the gear 84e1. The spur gear 84f is provided at a position close to the rear tool unit 20. The distance between the spur gear 84f and the gear 84e1 is set to be larger than the moving distance of the loader 82. The annular belt 84c is hung between the gear 84e1 and the spur gear 84f.

The fixing member 82d fixes the slide portion 82s to a part of the belt 84c. The slide guide portion 82g is a rail extending along the Z-axis direction, and the slide portion 82s is slidably attached to the slide guide portion 82g in the Z-axis direction. The slide portion 82s moves in the Z-axis direction as the belt 84c rotates between the gear 84e1 and the spur gear 84f.

As shown in FIG. 3, the support member 85 is fixed to the slide portion 82s and supports the loader 82 at the same height as the second main shaft 71. The support member 85 includes a first plate portion 85a extending in the Y-axis direction and a second plate portion 85b connected to the upper end of the first plate portion 85a and extending toward the back tool unit 20 in the X-axis direction. The lower end of the first plate portion 85a is fixed to the slide portion 82s. The loader 82 is fixed to the end of the second plate portion 85b near the back tool unit 20.

The loader 82 grips or releases the grip of the work W. The loader 82 includes a cylinder 81 and a loader chuck 82a. The cylinder 81 is located above the loader chuck 82a and opens and closes the loader chuck 82a. The loader chuck 82a has a pair of hand portions 82b, 82c arranged along the X-axis direction and approaching or separating from each other along the X-axis direction. Triangular holes for gripping the work W from the outer peripheral surface are formed on the surfaces of the pair of hand portions 82b and 82c facing each other.

The operation of the loader slide drive unit 84 will be described.
When the motor 83 is driven, the rotational force of the output shaft 83a of the motor 83 is transmitted from the gear 83a1 to the spur gear 84a via the belt 84b. When the gear 84e1 rotates with the rotation of the spur gear 84a, the belt 84c rotates between the gear 84e1 and the spur gear 84f. As the belt 84c rotates, the slide portion 82s moves in the Z-axis direction together with the loader 82. In this way, the loader slide drive unit 84 can move the loader 82 along the Z-axis direction.

As shown in FIG. 7, the movable path R of the loader 82 extending in the Z-axis direction is set to pass through the movable range Ar of the second spindle 71. The loader 82 is moved by the loader slide drive unit 84 between the first position P1, the second position P2, and the third position P3 arranged along the Z-axis direction.
The first position P1 is set to a position close to the back tool unit 20. The first position P1 is an example of a work transfer position for transferring the work W between the loader 82 and the second spindle 71.
The second position P2 and the third position P3 are located farther from the rear tool unit 20 than the first position P1 and are located outside the movable range Ar. The third position P3 is located farther from the back tool unit 20 than the second position P2. The second position P2 is an example of an external position or a discharge position in which the processed work W is discharged from the loader 82 to the outside (for example, the receiving box 90 described later). The third position P3 is an example of an external position or a receiving position in which the loader 82 receives the work W before machining from the outside (for example, the parts feeder 95 described later).

As shown in FIG. 2, the chute box 96 is a box for discharging the processed work W to the outside. The chute box 96 is provided on the upper surface of the bed S and in the vicinity of the back tool unit 20. The chute box 96 is provided at the same position as the slide portion 82s in the X-axis direction, and is provided at the same position as the rear tool unit 20 in the Z-axis direction.

(Control unit 300)
The control unit 300 controls the operation of each part of the machine tool 1. For example, a CPU (Central Processing Unit) (not shown) and a ROM (Read Only Memory) that stores a program defining a processing procedure described later by the CPU. ) Etc. are provided. The control unit 300 controls the first spindle 14, the second spindle 71, the loader device 80, the first Z-axis moving mechanism 13, the second Z-axis slide mechanism 75, and the X-axis slide mechanism 76 by numerical control (NC).

Next, the machining process when the work W is discharged by the loader device 80 will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. This processing is executed by the control unit 300. In this example, the work W is supplied to the first spindle 14 by a parts feeder (not shown). At the start of this machining process, the loader 82 is present at the second position P2. When this processing is executed, as shown in FIG. 10, a receiving box 90 located at the second position P2 and accommodating the processed work W is arranged. That is, the shoot box 96 is not used. As shown in FIG. 3, since the receiving box 90 is located below the loader 82 in the Y-axis direction, it does not hinder the movement of the loader 82 in the Z-axis direction.

First, the control unit 300 processes the front side of the work W gripped by the first spindle 14 (step S101). Specifically, the control unit 300 moves the tool 35a into the work W in the Z-axis direction so that the cutting edge of the tool 35a comes into contact with the work W in a state where the work W gripped through the first spindle 14 is axially rotated. Send to. As a result, the front side of the work W is processed.

When the machining on the front side of the work W is completed, the control unit 300 transfers the work W gripped by the first main shaft 14 from the first main shaft 14 to the second main shaft 71 (step S102). Specifically, the control unit 300 moves the second spindle 71 to a position facing the first spindle 14 in the Z-axis direction via the second Z-axis slide mechanism 75 and the X-axis slide mechanism 76. Then, the front side of the work W is gripped by the chuck of the second spindle 71, and the grip of the back side of the work W by the chuck of the first spindle 14 is released.

Next, the control unit 300 processes the back surface side of the work W gripped by the second spindle 71 (step S103). Specifically, as shown in FIG. 7, the control unit 300 moves the second spindle 72 so that the second spindle 71 approaches the machining position Pa facing the tool 22, and then passes through the second spindle 71. The cutting edge of the tool 22 is brought into contact with the work W while the gripped work W is axially rotated. As a result, the back side of the work W is processed.

Then, as shown by the arrow Y0 in FIG. 8, the control unit 300 moves the second headstock 72 from the machining position Pa to the retracted position Pb so as not to interfere with the movement of the loader 82 (step S104). The retract position Pb is set to a position of the second headstock 72 that does not come into contact with the loader 82 when the loader 82 moves along the movable path R.

Next, the control unit 300 moves the loader 82 from the second position P2 to the first position P1 via the loader slide drive unit 84, as shown by the arrow Y1 in FIG. 8 (step S105).

Then, as shown by the arrow Y2 in FIG. 9, the control unit 300 moves the second headstock 72 from the retracted position Pb to the delivery position Pc (step S106). The delivery position Pc is the position of the second spindle 72 in which the second spindle 71 faces the loader 82 of the first position P1, and the back side of the work W is between the pair of hand portions 82b and 82c of the loader chuck 82a. It is the position where it fits. Specifically, first, the second headstock 72 moves to a position where the second spindle 71 faces the loader 82 in the Z-axis direction, and then the work W gripped by the second spindle 71 is the hand portions 82b, 82c. The second headstock 72 moves in the Z-axis direction so as to be inserted between the two headstocks 72. At this time, the loader chuck 82a is in the open state.
When the work W is inserted between the hand portions 82b and 82c, the second spindle 71 may be moved in the Z-axis direction so as to approach the loader 82, or conversely, the loader 82 is moved to the second spindle 71. It may move in the Z-axis direction so as to approach.

Next, the control unit 300 closes the loader chuck 82a via the cylinder 81, so that the loader 82 grips the work W (step S107) and opens the chuck of the second spindle 71 (step S108). As a result, the work W is gripped by the loader 82, and the work W is not gripped by the second spindle 71.

Then, as shown by the arrow Y3 in FIG. 9, the control unit 300 moves the second headstock 72 from the delivery position Pc to the retracted position Pb so as not to interfere with the movement of the loader 82 (step S109). Specifically, first, the second headstock 72 moves in the Z-axis direction so that the work W gripped by the second head shaft 71 is pulled out from between the hand portions 82b and 82c, and then the second headstock 72 is moved to the retracted position Pb.
Next, as shown by the arrow Y4 in FIG. 10, the control unit 300 moves the loader 82 from the first position P1 to the second position P2 via the loader slide drive unit 84 (step S110), and the cylinder 81 By opening the loader chuck 82a, the machined work W is discharged into the receiving box 90 (step S111).
This completes the processing when the work W is discharged by the loader device 80. This processing process is repeatedly executed a preset number of times.

Next, the machining process when the work W is supplied to the second spindle 71 by the loader device 80 will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. This processing is executed by the control unit 300. At the start of this processing, the loader 82 is located at the third position P3 and the second headstock 72 is located at the retracted position Pb. When this machining process is executed, as shown in FIG. 11, the parts feeder 95 is arranged outside the third position P3 in the Z-axis direction. The parts feeder 95 accommodates a plurality of workpieces W before machining, and arranges one work W among the accommodated plurality of workpieces W at a position that can be received by the loader 82 at the third position P3.
As shown in FIG. 11, the control unit 300 receives the work W before machining from the parts feeder 95 via the loader 82 at the third position P3 (step S201). Specifically, the loader chuck 82a closes after the loader 82 moves along the Z-axis direction so that the work W supplied by the parts feeder 95 is sandwiched between the loader chucks 82a in the open state. As a result, the work W is gripped by the loader 82.

Then, as shown by the arrow Y5 in FIG. 11, the control unit 300 moves the loader 82 from the third position P3 to the first position P1 via the loader slide drive unit 84 (step S202). Next, as shown by the arrow Y2 in FIG. 9, the control unit 300 moves the second spindle 72 from the retracted position Pb to the delivery position Pc so that the second spindle 71 faces the loader 82 (step S203). .. As a result, the work W gripped by the loader 82 is inserted into the chuck in the open state of the second spindle 71.

Then, the control unit 300 closes the chuck of the second spindle 71 (step S204). As a result, the back surface side of the work W is gripped by the second spindle 71. Next, the control unit 300 releases the gripping of the work W by the loader 82 by opening the loader chuck 82a via the cylinder 81 (step S205). Then, the control unit 300 moves the second headstock 72 from the delivery position Pc to the retracted position Pb as shown by the arrow Y3 in FIG. 9 in the same manner as in step S104 (step S206). Next, the control unit 300 moves the loader 82 from the first position P1 to the third position P3 via the loader slide drive unit 84 (step S207). At this time, the loader 82 may move to the second position P2 instead of the third position P3.

Then, the control unit 300 processes the back surface side of the work W gripped by the second spindle 71 in the same manner as in step S103 (step S208). Next, the control unit 300 passes the work W gripped by the second spindle 71 from the second spindle 71 to the first spindle 14 (step S209), contrary to the step S102. Then, the control unit 300 processes the front side of the work W gripped by the first spindle 14 in the same manner as in step S101 (step S210). Next, the control unit 300 passes the work W gripped by the first spindle 14 from the first spindle 14 to the second spindle 71 in the same manner as in step S102 (step S211). Finally, the control unit 300 moves the second spindle 72 to a position where the second spindle 71 is below the shoot box 96, and discharges the work W to the outside (step S212). Specifically, the work W is dropped into the chute box 96 by opening the chuck of the second spindle 71.
This completes the machining process when the work W is supplied by the loader device 80. This processing process is repeatedly executed a preset number of times. After the loader 82 reaches the third position P3 in step S207, step S201 in the next machining process may be executed at the same time as the processes after step S208. As a result, the processing time can be shortened.

(effect)
According to the embodiment described above, the following effects are obtained.
(1) The machine tool 1 has a second spindle 71, which is an example of a spindle that rotates a spindle while gripping a work W, and a second spindle 72, which is an example of a spindle that rotatably supports the second spindle 71. The second spindle unit 70, which is an example of the spindle unit having the spindle unit, and the Z-axis direction, which is an example of the first axis direction along the axis of the work W, and the X-axis, which is an example of the second axis direction which is different from the Z-axis direction. The second Z-axis slide mechanism 75 and the X-axis slide mechanism 76, which are examples of the spindle moving unit that moves the second spindle unit 70 in the direction, the tool 22 that processes the work W by contacting the work W, and the work W A loader 82 that grips or releases the grip, a loader device 80 that has a loader slide drive unit 84 that moves the loader 82 only in the Z-axis direction, and a loader slide drive unit that controls the loader device 80 and the spindle moving unit. By coordinating the movement of the loader 82 in the Z-axis direction through the 84 and the movement of the second spindle unit 70 in the X-axis direction through the spindle moving portion, the second spindle 71 faces the loader 82 in the Z-axis direction and is passed through the loader 82. A control unit 300 for delivering the work W to the second spindle 71 or receiving the work W from the second spindle 71 is provided.
According to this configuration, when the loader 82 transfers the work W to and from the second spindle 71, the movement of the second spindle unit 70 in the X-axis direction is used in addition to the movement of the loader 82 in the Z-axis direction. To. Therefore, the loader 82 can be configured to be movable along only one axial direction (Z-axis direction). Therefore, the loader device 80 can transfer the work W to and from the second spindle 71 with a simpler configuration. Therefore, the man-hours and cost for assembling the loader device 80 can be reduced.
Further, the loader 82 has a pair of hand portions 82b and 82c for gripping the periphery of the work W. Since the work W is transferred and received by the pair of hand portions 82b and 82c, it is possible to prevent the work W from being damaged during this transfer.

(2) The movable path R of the loader 82 overlaps the movable range Ar of the second main shaft 71. The control unit 300 retracts the second spindle unit 70 to a position outside the movable path R of the loader 82, and the control unit 300 moves the loader 82 to a second position P2 or a second position outside the movable range Ar. The work W is moved from the position P3 of 3 to the first position P1 which is an example of the work transfer position for delivering or receiving the work W through the movable range Ar.
According to this configuration, the movable path R of the loader 82 overlaps the movable range Ar of the second spindle 71, so that the machine tool 1 can be compactly configured. Further, even in this configuration, since the second spindle unit 70 is retracted when the loader 82 is moved, the loader 82 is prevented from colliding with the second spindle unit 70.

(3) The first position P1 which is an example of the work transfer position is set to a position closer to the tool 22 than the second position P2 or the third position P3 which is an external position.
According to this configuration, after the second spindle 71 receives the work W from the loader 82, the work W can be quickly machined by the tool 22. Therefore, the processing time can be shortened.
Further, the second spindle 71 can quickly deliver the work W to the loader 82 after machining the work W using the tool 22. Therefore, the processing time can be shortened.

(4) The control unit 300 has been processed so that the loader 82 at the first position P1, which is an example of the work transfer position, is gripped by the second spindle 71 via the loader 82 in a state of facing the second spindle 71. After receiving the work W, the second spindle unit 70 is retracted to a position deviated from the movable path R of the loader 82, and then the loader 82 is moved to the second position P2 and the grip of the work W is released. To do.
According to this configuration, even when the loader 82 is configured to be movable along the uniaxial direction, the loader 82 can discharge the work W to the outside after receiving it from the second main shaft 71.

(5) The control unit 300 receives the work W before machining at the third position P3, which is an external position, via the loader 82, and then moves the second spindle unit 70 out of the movable path R of the loader 82. The loader 82 is moved from the third position P3 to the first position P1 in the state of being retracted to, and then the second spindle unit 70 is moved so that the second spindle 71 faces the loader 82 in the Z-axis direction. After that, the work W before machining is transferred from the loader 82 to the second spindle 71.
According to this configuration, even when the loader 82 is configured to be movable along the uniaxial direction, the loader 82 can supply the work W before machining to the second main shaft 71 after receiving the work W before machining from the outside. it can.

(6) The control unit 300 receives the work W before machining from the outside via the loader 82 at the third position P3, which is an example of the receiving position, and at an external position at a position different from the third position P3. The processed work W is discharged by releasing the grip of the loader 82 at the second position P2, which is an example of a certain discharge position.
According to this configuration, by setting the second position P2 and the third position P3 to different positions, as shown in FIG. 11, the receiving box 90 and the loader in which the processed work W is discharged from the loader 82. Interference with the installation position of the parts feeder 95 that supplies the work W before processing to 82 is suppressed. Therefore, without changing the configuration of the machine tool 1, the machining process when the work W is discharged by the loader device 80 shown in FIG. 5 and the machining process when the work W shown in FIG. 6 is supplied can be executed. Become.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments and drawings. Changes (including deletion of components) can be made as appropriate without changing the gist of the present invention. An example of the modification will be described below.

(Modification example)
In the above embodiment, the second position P2 and the third position P3 may be set to the same position.

In the above embodiment, in the processing when the work W is discharged by the loader device 80, the processed work W is housed in the receiving box 90. Therefore, the shoot box 96 may be omitted.

In the above embodiment, the loader slide drive unit 84 includes a motor 83, a belt 84c, a gear 84e1 and a spur gear 84f, but the configuration of the loader slide drive unit 84 is not limited to this, and the first Z-axis moving mechanism 13 Similarly, it may be composed of a motor, a ball screw and a nut.

In the above embodiment, in the processing when the work W is supplied by the loader device 80, the second spindle 71 drops the work W into the shoot box 96 and discharges the work W to the outside (step S212). However, the method of discharging the work W to the outside is not limited to this, and the work W may be discharged to the receiving box 90 by the loader device 80. In this case, the control unit 300 shifts to the process of step S104 of FIG. 5 after the process of step S211.
Further, when the work W is received from the first main shaft 14, the second main shaft 71 discharges the work W to the outside by pushing out the processed work W held inside from the rear end of the second main shaft 71. You may. In this case, the receiving box 90 is provided in the downward direction of the rear end of the second main shaft 71 at the position where the work W is received from the first main shaft 14.

In the above embodiment, the machine tool 1 includes the first spindle unit 10 and the tool mechanism 30, but the first spindle unit 10 and the tool mechanism 30 may be omitted. In this case, only the back side of the work W is machined by the machine tool 1.

In the above embodiment, the movable path R of the loader 82 overlaps the movable range Ar of the second spindle 71, but the movable path R of the loader 82 is located outside the movable range Ar of the second spindle 71. You may be doing it. In this case, it is not necessary to retract the second headstock 72 when moving the loader 82.

1 ... Machine tool, 10 ... 1st spindle unit, 13 ... 1st Z-axis movement mechanism, 14 ... 1st spindle, 20 ... Rear tool unit, 21 ... Tool holder, 22, 35a ... Tool, 30 ... Tool mechanism, 32 ... Y-axis movement mechanism, 33 ... X-axis movement mechanism, 35 ... front tool unit, 41 ... fixed base, 70 ... second spindle unit, 71 ... second spindle, 72 ... second spindle base, 75 ... second Z-axis slide Mechanism, 76 ... X-axis slide mechanism, 80 ... loader device, 81 ... cylinder, 82 ... loader, 82a ... loader chuck, 82b, 82c ... hand part, 82s ... slide part, 83 ... motor, 84 ... loader slide drive part, 85 ... Support member, 90 ... Receiving box, 95 ... Parts feeder, 96 ... Shoot box, 300 ... Control unit, Ar ... Movable range, P1 ... 1st position, P2 ... 2nd position, P3 ... 3rd Position, Pa ... Machining position, Pb ... Retracting position, Pc ... Delivery position, R ... Movable route, S ... Bed, W ... Work

Claims (6)

A spindle unit that has a spindle that rotates the shaft while gripping the work, and a spindle that rotatably supports the spindle, and
A spindle moving unit that moves the spindle unit in a first axial direction along the axis of the work and a second axial direction that is different from the first axial direction.
A tool that processes the work by contacting the work, and
A loader for gripping or releasing the work, and a loader device having a loader slide drive unit for moving the loader only in the first axial direction.
By controlling the loader device and the spindle moving unit, the movement of the loader in the first axis direction through the loader slide drive unit and the movement of the spindle unit in the second axis direction through the spindle moving unit are coordinated. A control unit is provided, wherein the spindle faces the loader in the direction of the first axis, and the work is delivered to the spindle through the loader or the work is received from the spindle.
Machine Tools. The movable path of the loader overlaps the movable range of the spindle,
In a state where the spindle unit is retracted to a position outside the movable path of the loader, the control unit moves the loader from an external position outside the movable range through the movable range to the work. Move to the work transfer position to deliver or receive,
The machine tool according to claim 1. The work transfer position is set closer to the tool than the external position.
The machine tool according to claim 2. After the loader at the work transfer position receives the processed work gripped by the spindle via the loader while facing the spindle, the control unit sets the spindle unit to the loader. It is retracted to a position deviated from the movable path, and then the loader is moved to the external position, and then the grip of the work is released.
The machine tool according to claim 2 or 3. After receiving the work before machining at the external position via the loader, the control unit retracts the spindle unit to a position deviated from the movable path of the loader, and causes the loader to move. The work is moved from the external position to the work transfer position, and then the spindle unit is moved so that the spindle faces the loader in the direction of the first axis, and then the workpiece before machining is moved from the loader to the spindle. Hand over,
The machine tool according to any one of claims 2 to 4. The control unit receives the work before machining from the outside via the loader at the receiving position which is the external position, and receives the work of the loader from the outside at the discharging position which is the external position different from the receiving position. By releasing the grip, the processed work is discharged.
The machine tool according to any one of claims 2 to 5.