JP2020140822A - Vehicular lighting fixture - Google Patents

Vehicular lighting fixture Download PDF

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JP2020140822A
JP2020140822A JP2019034446A JP2019034446A JP2020140822A JP 2020140822 A JP2020140822 A JP 2020140822A JP 2019034446 A JP2019034446 A JP 2019034446A JP 2019034446 A JP2019034446 A JP 2019034446A JP 2020140822 A JP2020140822 A JP 2020140822A
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Prior art keywords
light
scanning
spot light
vehicle
laser
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JP2019034446A
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Japanese (ja)
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村上一臣
Kazuomi Murakami
内田直樹
Naoki Uchida
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Koito Manufacturing Co Ltd
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Koito Manufacturing Co Ltd
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Priority to JP2019034446A priority Critical patent/JP2020140822A/en
Priority to PCT/JP2020/002998 priority patent/WO2020174983A1/en
Priority to CN202080015445.0A priority patent/CN113453954A/en
Publication of JP2020140822A publication Critical patent/JP2020140822A/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Q—ARRANGEMENT OF SIGNALLING OR LIGHTING DEVICES, THE MOUNTING OR SUPPORTING THEREOF OR CIRCUITS THEREFOR, FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Q1/00—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor
    • B60Q1/02—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to illuminate the way ahead or to illuminate other areas of way or environments
    • B60Q1/04—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to illuminate the way ahead or to illuminate other areas of way or environments the devices being headlights
    • B60Q1/14—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to illuminate the way ahead or to illuminate other areas of way or environments the devices being headlights having dimming means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/10—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source
    • F21S41/14—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source characterised by the type of light source
    • F21S41/16—Laser light sources
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/20—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by refractors, transparent cover plates, light guides or filters
    • F21S41/25—Projection lenses
    • F21S41/275—Lens surfaces, e.g. coatings or surface structures
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/60—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by a variable light distribution
    • F21S41/67—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by a variable light distribution by acting on reflectors
    • F21S41/675—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by a variable light distribution by acting on reflectors by moving reflectors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V14/00—Controlling the distribution of the light emitted by adjustment of elements
    • F21V14/04—Controlling the distribution of the light emitted by adjustment of elements by movement of reflectors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V5/00—Refractors for light sources
    • F21V5/04—Refractors for light sources of lens shape
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V7/00—Reflectors for light sources

Abstract

To provide a vehicular lighting fixture for performing drawing display with improved flexibility in an irradiation range by preventing wasteful light-off in spot light during drawing scanning.SOLUTION: In a vehicular lighting fixture 1 comprising a laser light source 8; and a scanning mechanism 9 for performing drawing display by scanning spot light by the laser light source 8 toward an external part of a vehicle, an optical system 10 setting oval spot light Ls1 generated by the laser light source 8 to spot light Ls2 with an aspect ratio of 1:1.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

レーザースポット光を車両の前方で二次元方向に走査して描画表示を行う車両用灯具に関する。 The present invention relates to a vehicle lamp that scans a laser spot light in a two-dimensional direction in front of a vehicle to display a drawing.

特許文献１には、段落番号［０１３６］［０１６６］［０３５３］及び図６２等に示されるように楕円形状のレーザースポット光を高速揺動するミラーで水平方向に走査して横線を描画し、更に楕円形状のレーザースポット光による水平方向の走査を垂直方向に少しずつずらしながら繰り返すことで、描画される横線を上下に積層させることで所定形状の前照灯表示を行う車両用灯具が開示されている。特許文献１の車両表灯具は、対向車両の運転席や歩行者等の眩しさを与えたくない対象物上を走査する際に楕円形上のレーザースポット光を消灯して照射範囲から外した形状の前照灯表示が可能な配光可変型の前照灯表示を行うことが出来る。 In Patent Document 1, as shown in paragraph numbers [0136] [0166] [0353] and FIG. 62, a horizontal line is drawn by scanning an elliptical laser spot light in a horizontal direction with a mirror that swings at high speed. Further disclosed is a vehicle lighting tool that displays a predetermined shape of a headlight by stacking horizontal lines to be drawn vertically by repeating horizontal scanning with an elliptical laser spot light while shifting the vertical direction little by little. ing. The vehicle front lamp of Patent Document 1 has a shape in which the laser spot light on the ellipse is turned off and excluded from the irradiation range when scanning on an object such as the driver's seat of an oncoming vehicle or a pedestrian who does not want to give glare. It is possible to display a variable light distribution type headlight that can display the headlights of.

走査に使用する高出力のレーザー光によるスポット光は、一般に楕円形状に生成される。レーザースポット光においては、中心から楕円状に長く伸びることにより、長軸の両端部方向に向けて分解能の低下とばらつきが発生するため、楕円スポット光の外周は、長軸の両端部近傍で最も暗くかつぼやけて表示される。特許文献１のような車両用灯具においては、図６２に示されるように、照射されるレーザースポット光が分解能の低下とばらつきを伴いつつ楕円状に長く伸びることにより、縦長の楕円スポット光の一部が走査方向（横方向）に対して直交する方向（縦方向）に重複した状態で走査を行われることが多い。 Spot light from a high-power laser beam used for scanning is generally generated in an elliptical shape. In the laser spot light, the resolution decreases and varies in the direction of both ends of the long axis due to the long elliptical extension from the center. Therefore, the outer circumference of the elliptical spot light is the closest to both ends of the long axis. It is displayed dark and blurry. In a vehicle lighting fixture as in Patent Document 1, as shown in FIG. 62, the irradiated laser spot light extends in an elliptical shape with a decrease in resolution and variation, so that it is one of the vertically long elliptical spot lights. Scanning is often performed in a state where the portions overlap in a direction (vertical direction) orthogonal to the scanning direction (horizontal direction).

特開２０１６−２０７４８３号公報Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2016-207483

特許文献１に示す楕円スポット光は、走査時において走査方向を横方向とした場合に走査方向に直交する縦方向に重複する。従って、ある列の楕円スポット光を消灯して照射不要対象（眩しさを与えたくない対向車両の運転者や歩行者等）への照射を避けようとする場合、車両用灯具は、当該列の楕円スポット光のみならず、照射不要対象に重複して光を照射することになる当該列の上下の楕円スポット光も消灯しなければならないため、消灯不要にも関わらず消灯されるエリアが無駄に広くなり、配光パターン等の描画の照射範囲が無駄に狭くなる点で問題がある。 The elliptical spot light shown in Patent Document 1 overlaps in the vertical direction orthogonal to the scanning direction when the scanning direction is the horizontal direction during scanning. Therefore, when the elliptical spot light in a certain row is turned off to avoid irradiation on an object that does not require irradiation (drivers, pedestrians, etc. of oncoming vehicles that do not want to give glare), the vehicle lighting equipment is used in the row. Not only the elliptical spot light but also the elliptical spot light above and below the row that will irradiate the object that does not need irradiation with light must be turned off, so the area that is turned off is wasted even though it is not necessary to turn it off. There is a problem in that it becomes wider and the irradiation range for drawing such as a light distribution pattern becomes unnecessarily narrow.

具体的には、特許文献１の図６２に関して説明すると、図６２の配光可変型前照灯表示は、上下に重複する４列の横線によって形成され、車両用灯具は、上から２列目と３列目の走査時において、運転席に被る部分を走査する際に楕円型スポット光を消灯して、運転席への照射を避けている。しかし、仮に運転席がもう少し高く、または低いことによって、運転席が１列目または４列目の走査範囲に被っていた場合、車両用灯具は、１列目、または４列目においても消灯を行わなければならないため、形成される配光パターンは、運転席への照射を避けるために、更に車両の斜め上方や斜め下方への照射まで無くなることで、不十分になる。 Specifically, with reference to FIG. 62 of Patent Document 1, the variable light distribution type headlight display of FIG. 62 is formed by four rows of horizontal lines overlapping vertically, and the vehicle lighting fixture is in the second row from the top. When scanning the portion covered by the driver's seat during scanning in the third row, the elliptical spot light is turned off to avoid irradiation of the driver's seat. However, if the driver's seat is slightly higher or lower and the driver's seat covers the scanning range of the first or fourth row, the vehicle lighting fixtures are turned off even in the first or fourth row. Since it must be performed, the formed light distribution pattern becomes insufficient by eliminating the irradiation diagonally upward and diagonally downward of the vehicle in order to avoid irradiation to the driver's seat.

本願は、上記問題に鑑みて、描画走査中のスポット光における無駄な消灯を防止することによって照射範囲の自在性を向上させた描画表示を行う車両用灯具を提供するものである。 In view of the above problems, the present application provides a vehicle lighting fixture that performs drawing display with improved flexibility in the irradiation range by preventing unnecessary extinguishing of spot light during drawing scanning.

レーザー光源と、レーザー光源によるスポット光を車両の外部に向けて走査することで描画表示を行う走査機構を有する車両用灯具において前記レーザー光源によって生成される楕円スポット光をアスペクト比１：１のスポット光にする光学系を有するようにした。 A spot with an aspect ratio of 1: 1 spot light generated by the laser light source in a vehicle lamp having a laser light source and a scanning mechanism for drawing and displaying by scanning the spot light from the laser light source toward the outside of the vehicle. It has an optical system that makes it light.

（作用）光学系が、スポット光の第１方向長さ及び第１方向と直交する第２方向の長さに関するアスペクト比を１：１とするスポット光を生成することにより、スポット光による繰り返しの高速走査によって上下に複数生成される直線は、走査方向に直交する方向の分解能が向上する。 (Action) The optical system generates spot light having an aspect ratio of 1: 1 with respect to the length of the spot light in the first direction and the length of the spot light in the second direction orthogonal to the first direction. A plurality of straight lines generated vertically by high-speed scanning improve the resolution in the direction orthogonal to the scanning direction.

また、車両用灯具における前記光学系は、アナモルフィックレンズであることが望ましい。 Further, it is desirable that the optical system in the vehicle lamp is an anamorphic lens.

また、車両用灯具における前記光学系は、中心軸線周りに９０°回転した状態で直列に配列された一対のシリンドリカルレンズであることが望ましい。 Further, it is desirable that the optical system in the vehicle lamp is a pair of cylindrical lenses arranged in series in a state of being rotated by 90 ° around the central axis.

また、車両用灯具における前記光学系は、光入射面にマイクロレンズアレイを形成され、かつ光の出射面を非球面形状に形成された特殊レンズであることが望ましい。 Further, it is desirable that the optical system in a vehicle lamp is a special lens in which a microlens array is formed on a light incident surface and a light emitting surface is formed in an aspherical shape.

また、車両用灯具は、配光可変型前照灯であることが望ましい。 Further, it is desirable that the vehicle lighting fixture is a variable light distribution type headlight.

（作用）配光可変型前照灯である車両用灯具が、アスペクト比１：１のレーザースポット光の走査による走査を行うことにより、照射不要対象（対向車両の運転席や歩行者等）を必要最低限だけ避けた描画表示を車両の前方に行う。 (Action) Vehicle lighting fixtures, which are variable light distribution type headlights, scan for laser spot light with an aspect ratio of 1: 1 to detect objects that do not require irradiation (driver's seats of oncoming vehicles, pedestrians, etc.). Make a drawing display in front of the vehicle, avoiding only the minimum necessary.

車両用灯具によれば、スポットレーザー光の分解能の向上によって、スポットレーザー光の分解能のばらつきが無くなり、分解能の走査するスポット光が走査方向に直交する方向に重複しなくなるため、照射不要対象を走査する際に消灯しなければならない走査範囲が狭くなり、照射範囲の自在性を向上させた描画表示を行うことが出来る（請求項１から４の効果）。 According to vehicle lighting equipment, by improving the resolution of the spot laser light, the variation in the resolution of the spot laser light is eliminated, and the spot light to be scanned with the resolution does not overlap in the direction orthogonal to the scanning direction, so that an irradiation-unnecessary object is scanned. The scanning range that must be turned off at the time of turning off the light is narrowed, and it is possible to perform drawing display with improved flexibility of the irradiation range (effects 1 to 4).

車両用灯具によれば、配光可変型前照灯であるため、照射不要対象（対向車両の運転席や歩行者等）を必要最低限だけ避けた最大限の範囲を照射した可変型配光パターンを表示出来る（請求項５の効果）。 According to vehicle lighting equipment, since it is a variable light distribution type headlight, it is a variable type light distribution that illuminates the maximum range that avoids unnecessary irradiation objects (driver's seat of oncoming vehicle, pedestrian, etc.) by the minimum necessary. A pattern can be displayed (effect of claim 5).

（ａ）車両用灯具の第１の実施形態に関する水平断面図。（ｂ）第１の実施形態のアナモルフィックレンズの拡大水平断面図。（ｃ）アナモルフィックレンズの拡大垂直断面図。(A) Horizontal sectional view regarding the first embodiment of a vehicle lamp. (B) An enlarged horizontal sectional view of the anamorphic lens of the first embodiment. (C) Enlarged vertical cross-sectional view of the anamorphic lens. 第１の実施形態に関する走査機構とアナモルフィックレンズを反射鏡の斜め前方から見た斜視図。FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the scanning mechanism and the anamorphic lens according to the first embodiment as viewed obliquely from the front of the reflector. 第１の実施形態に関する車両用灯具における光路の説明図。The explanatory view of the optical path in the vehicle lighting equipment which concerns on 1st Embodiment. （ａ）従来の車両用灯具における楕円型レーザースポット光に関する走査説明図。（ｂ）本願の車両用灯具における楕円型レーザースポット光に関する走査説明図。(A) A scanning explanatory view of an elliptical laser spot light in a conventional vehicle lamp. (B) A scanning explanatory view of an elliptical laser spot light in a vehicle lamp of the present application. 車両用灯具の第２の実施形態に関する走査機構と複数のシリンドリカルレンズを反射鏡の斜め前方から見た斜視図。FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a scanning mechanism and a plurality of cylindrical lenses according to a second embodiment of a vehicle lamp as viewed diagonally from the front of the reflector. 車両用灯具の第３の実施形態に関する集光レンズを示す部分拡大水平断面図。A partially enlarged horizontal sectional view showing a condensing lens according to a third embodiment of a vehicle lamp.

以下、本発明の好適な実施形態を図１から図６に基づいて説明する。各図においては、配光可変型前照灯である車両用灯具の搭載車両（図示せず）のドライバーから見た道路の方向を（上方：下方：左方：右方：前方：後方＝Ｕｐ：Ｌｏ：Ｌｅ：Ｒｉ：Ｆｒ：Ｒｅ）として説明する。 Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 6. In each figure, the direction of the road as seen from the driver of the vehicle (not shown) equipped with the vehicle lighting fixture, which is a variable light distribution type headlight, is (upper: lower: left: right: front: rear = Up). : Lo: Le: Ri: Fr: Re).

図１（ａ）から図１（ｃ）によって第１の実施形態に係る車両用灯具１を説明する。図１（ａ）に示すように第１の実施形態に係る車両用灯具１は、ランプボディ２と、前面カバー３と、前照灯ユニット４と、を備える。ランプボディ２は、車両の前方側に開口部を有し、前面カバー３は、透光性を有する樹脂やガラス等で形成され、ランプボディ２の開口部に取り付けられることによって内側に灯室Ｓを形成する。図１に示す前照灯ユニット４は、金属製の支持部材５によって灯室Ｓの内側に配置される。 The vehicle lighting equipment 1 according to the first embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 1A to 1C. As shown in FIG. 1A, the vehicle lamp 1 according to the first embodiment includes a lamp body 2, a front cover 3, and a headlight unit 4. The lamp body 2 has an opening on the front side of the vehicle, and the front cover 3 is made of a translucent resin, glass, or the like, and is attached to the opening of the lamp body 2 to form a lamp chamber S inside. To form. The headlight unit 4 shown in FIG. 1 is arranged inside the light chamber S by a metal support member 5.

前照灯ユニット４は、図１（ａ）に示す投影レンズ６，蛍光体７，レーザー光源８、走査機構９及び光学系であるアナモルフィックレンズ１０をそれぞれ有し、これらはいずれも支持部材５に取り付けられる。 The headlight unit 4 includes a projection lens 6, a phosphor 7, a laser light source 8, a scanning mechanism 9, and an anamorphic lens 10 which is an optical system, as shown in FIG. 1A, all of which are support members. Attached to 5.

図１（ａ）の支持部材５は、底板部５ａと、底板部５ａの左右端部にそれぞれ一体化された側板部（５ｂ、５ｃ）と、これらの先端に一体化されたレンズ支持部５ｄと、これらの基端に一体化された基礎板部５ｅと、を有する。レンズ支持部５ｄは、投影レンズ６を内側に保持する円筒部５ｄ１と、円筒部５ｄ１及び側板部（５ｂ、５ｃ）の双方に一体化されるフランジ部５ｄ２によって構成される。基礎板部５ｅは、スクリュー固定部５ｆとスクリュー固定部５ｆよりも前後の奥行きが厚い放熱部５ｇによって構成される。 The support member 5 of FIG. 1A has a bottom plate portion 5a, side plate portions (5b, 5c) integrated with the left and right end portions of the bottom plate portion 5a, and a lens support portion 5d integrated with the tips thereof. And a base plate portion 5e integrated with these base ends. The lens support portion 5d is composed of a cylindrical portion 5d1 that holds the projection lens 6 inside, and a flange portion 5d2 that is integrated with both the cylindrical portion 5d1 and the side plate portions (5b, 5c). The base plate portion 5e is composed of a screw fixing portion 5f and a heat radiating portion 5g having a deeper front and rear depth than the screw fixing portion 5f.

図１（ａ）の投影レンズ６は、透明または半透明の平凸レンズであり、凸形状の光の出射面６ａを前方に向けた状態でレンズ支持部５ｄの円筒部５ｄ１の先端部の内側に固定され、蛍光体７は、板状を有し、投影レンズ６の後方でレンズ支持部５ｄの円筒部５ｄ１の基端部の内側に固定される。 The projection lens 6 of FIG. 1A is a transparent or translucent plano-convex lens, and is inside the tip of the cylindrical portion 5d1 of the lens support portion 5d with the convex light emitting surface 6a facing forward. Fixed, the phosphor 7 has a plate shape and is fixed behind the projection lens 6 inside the base end of the cylindrical portion 5d1 of the lens support portion 5d.

図１（ａ）のレーザー光源８は、青色または紫色のレーザーダイオードによって構成され、支持部材５の左側の側板部５ｂに設けられた光源支持部５ｈに固定されて点灯中の熱を放熱される。蛍光体７は、レーザー光源８が青色である場合に黄色蛍光体として形成され、レーザー光源８が紫色である場合に黄色かつ青色蛍光体として形成されることで白色光を発生させるようにする。尚、白色光は、赤、青、緑のＲＧＢ三色のレーザー光の混合によって発生させてもよい。レーザーダイオード光源であるレーザー光源８は、縦長の楕円スポット光を発生させる。本実施形態においては、図１（ｂ）に示すようにレーザー光源８が上下に縦長となる楕円光を発生するように配置される。図２（ａ）に示す走査機構９は、２軸方向に傾動可能な反射鏡１１を有するスキャンデバイスであり、放熱部５ｇの前面に固定される。 The laser light source 8 of FIG. 1A is composed of a blue or purple laser diode and is fixed to a light source support portion 5h provided on a side plate portion 5b on the left side of the support member 5 to dissipate heat during lighting. .. The phosphor 7 is formed as a yellow phosphor when the laser light source 8 is blue, and is formed as a yellow and blue phosphor when the laser light source 8 is purple so as to generate white light. The white light may be generated by mixing red, blue, and green RGB three-color laser light. The laser light source 8 which is a laser diode light source generates a vertically long elliptical spot light. In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1B, the laser light source 8 is arranged so as to generate vertically elongated elliptical light. The scanning mechanism 9 shown in FIG. 2A is a scanning device having a reflecting mirror 11 capable of tilting in the biaxial direction, and is fixed to the front surface of the heat radiating portion 5g.

図１（ａ）から図１（ｃ）に示すアナモルフィックレンズ１０は、水平断面における曲率と垂直断面における光出射面の曲率が異なる平凸レンズからなる光学系として形成されている。具体的には、図１（ｂ）と図１（ｃ）に示すように、アナモルフィックレンズ１０は、垂直断面の曲率が水平断面の曲率よりも大きな形状を有するように形成されており、レーザー光源８と反射鏡１１の反射面１１ａとの間に配置された状態で底板部５ａまたは基礎板部５ｅのいずれかに固定される。前照灯ユニット４は、ランプボディ２に回動自在に保持された３つのエイミングスクリュー１２（そのうち１つは図示せず）を支持部材５のスクリュー固定部５ｆに螺着されることにより、ランプボディ２に対して傾動自在に支持される。 The anamorphic lens 10 shown in FIGS. 1 (a) to 1 (c) is formed as an optical system composed of plano-convex lenses having different curvatures in a horizontal cross section and a light emitting surface in a vertical cross section. Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 1 (b) and 1 (c), the anamorphic lens 10 is formed so that the curvature of the vertical cross section is larger than the curvature of the horizontal cross section. It is fixed to either the bottom plate portion 5a or the base plate portion 5e in a state of being arranged between the laser light source 8 and the reflecting surface 11a of the reflecting mirror 11. The headlight unit 4 has a lamp by screwing three aiming screws 12 (one of which is not shown) rotatably held by the lamp body 2 to a screw fixing portion 5f of a support member 5. It is supported tiltably with respect to the body 2.

図１（ｂ）、（ｃ）及び図２に示されるようにレーザー光源８による出射光Ｂ１は、上下に縦長の楕円型レーザースポット光として入射面１０ａからアナモルフィックレンズに入射し、縦方向と横方向のアスペクト比が１：１となる円形のレーザースポット光として出射面１０ｂから出射する。長軸の両端部近傍において分解能の低下が発生する縦長楕円形状のレーザースポット光ＬＳ１は、アナモルフィックレンズ１０を透過してアスペクト比１：１のレーザースポット光ＬＳ２となることにより、低下していた縦方向の分解能を向上させられる。 As shown in FIGS. 1 (b), 1 (c) and 2, the emitted light B1 from the laser light source 8 is incident on the anamorphic lens from the incident surface 10a as vertically elongated elliptical laser spot light in the vertical direction. It is emitted from the exit surface 10b as a circular laser spot light having an aspect ratio of 1: 1 in the lateral direction. The vertically elongated elliptical laser spot light LS1 in which the resolution is lowered near both ends of the long axis is lowered by passing through the anamorphic lens 10 and becoming the laser spot light LS2 having an aspect ratio of 1: 1. The resolution in the vertical direction can be improved.

図１レーザースポット光ＬＳ２は、アナモルフィックレンズ１０によって反射鏡１１の反射面１１ａにアスペクト比１：１となるように集光され、かつ反射される。図１（ａ）及び図２に示す走査機構９は、反射鏡１１、ベース１３、回動体１４、一対の第１トーションバー１５、一対の第２トーションバー１６、一対の永久磁石１７，一対の永久磁石１８及び端子部１９を有する。 FIG. 1 The laser spot light LS2 is focused and reflected by the anamorphic lens 10 on the reflecting surface 11a of the reflecting mirror 11 so as to have an aspect ratio of 1: 1. The scanning mechanism 9 shown in FIGS. 1A and 2 includes a reflector 11, a base 13, a rotating body 14, a pair of first torsion bars 15, a pair of second torsion bars 16, a pair of permanent magnets 17, and a pair. It has a permanent magnet 18 and a terminal portion 19.

図２に示す板状の回動体１４は、一対の第１トーションバー１５によって左右に傾動可能な状態でベース１３に支持され、反射鏡１１は、一対の第２トーションバー１６によって上下に回動可能な状態で回動体１４に支持される。一対の永久磁石１７及び一対の永久磁石１８は、ベース１３において一対の第１及び第２トーションバー（１５、１６）の伸びる方向にそれぞれ設けられ、反射鏡１１及び回動体１４には、それぞれ図示しない制御機構によって独立して制御されると共に端子部１９を介して通電される第１及び第２のコイル（図示せず）が設けられる。 The plate-shaped rotating body 14 shown in FIG. 2 is supported by the base 13 in a state where it can be tilted left and right by a pair of first torsion bars 15, and the reflector 11 is rotated up and down by a pair of second torsion bars 16. It is supported by the rotating body 14 in a possible state. The pair of permanent magnets 17 and the pair of permanent magnets 18 are provided in the extending directions of the pair of first and second torsion bars (15, 16) on the base 13, respectively, and are shown on the reflecting mirror 11 and the rotating body 14, respectively. A first and second coils (not shown) are provided which are independently controlled by a control mechanism and are energized via the terminal portion 19.

図２に示す回動体１４は、第１コイル（図示せず）への通電のオンまたはオフに基づいて第１トーションバー１５の軸線を中心として左右に往復傾動し、反射鏡１１は、第２コイル（図示せず）への通電のオンまたはオフに基づいて第２トーションバー１６の軸線を中心として上下に往復傾動する。図３に示すように反射面１１ａによって反射されたアスペクト比１：１のレーザースポット光ＬＳ２は、回動体１４の左右方向の傾動と反射面１１ａの上下方向の傾動に基づき、図１に示す蛍光体７、投影レンズ６、灯室Ｓ内のエクステンションリフレクター２０の前端開口部２０ａ、及び前面カバー３を順に透過または通過しつつ上下左右に走査される。 The rotating body 14 shown in FIG. 2 reciprocates left and right about the axis of the first torsion bar 15 based on the on / off of energization of the first coil (not shown), and the reflecting mirror 11 is the second. It reciprocates up and down about the axis of the second torsion bar 16 based on the on or off of energization of the coil (not shown). As shown in FIG. 3, the laser spot light LS2 having an aspect ratio of 1: 1 reflected by the reflecting surface 11a is fluorescent as shown in FIG. 1 based on the lateral tilt of the rotating body 14 and the vertical tilt of the reflecting surface 11a. It is scanned up, down, left and right while passing through or passing through the body 7, the projection lens 6, the front end opening 20a of the extension reflector 20 in the light chamber S, and the front cover 3 in this order.

走査機構９は、反射鏡１１を上下方向に微小距離ずつずらしつつ白色かつアスペクト比１：１のレーザースポット光ＬＳ２を左右方向に高速で往復揺動させ、レーザー光源８の点消灯制御に基づいて所定の位置に所定長さで描かれる点や線を上下に積層することにより、走査態様に基づいた所定形状の白色配光パターン（前照灯表示）を車両の外部の前方に表示する。尚、走査機構９には、ＭＥＭＳミラーの他、ガルバノミラー、回転ミラー等の多彩な走査機構を採用出来る。 The scanning mechanism 9 reciprocates the white laser spot light LS2 having an aspect ratio of 1: 1 at high speed in the left-right direction while shifting the reflector 11 in the vertical direction by a small distance, and is based on the on-off control of the laser light source 8. By stacking points and lines drawn with a predetermined length at a predetermined position on the upper and lower sides, a white light distribution pattern (headlight display) having a predetermined shape based on a scanning mode is displayed in front of the outside of the vehicle. In addition to the MEMS mirror, various scanning mechanisms such as a galvano mirror and a rotating mirror can be adopted as the scanning mechanism 9.

次に楕円型レーザースポット光を走査する従来の車両用灯具による可変型配光パターン（図４（ａ）を参照）と、アスペクト比１：１のレーザースポット光Ｌｓ２を走査する本実施形態の車両用灯具１による可変型配光パターン（図４（ｂ）を参照）を比較することによって、従来例に対する本実施形態の車両用灯具１の利点を説明する。 Next, the vehicle of the present embodiment that scans a variable light distribution pattern (see FIG. 4A) by a conventional vehicle lamp that scans an elliptical laser spot light and a laser spot light Ls2 having an aspect ratio of 1: 1. By comparing the variable light distribution pattern by the lamp 1 (see FIG. 4B), the advantages of the vehicle lamp 1 of the present embodiment over the conventional example will be described.

図４（ａ）の符号Ｐｔ１は、上下に縦長となる従来の車両用灯具の楕円型レーザースポット光を示し、図４（ｂ）の符号Ｌｓ２は、前述したとおり本実施形態における車両用灯具１のアスペクト比１：１のレーザースポット光を示す。図４（ａ）及び図４（ｂ）の符号Ｌｄは、車両（図示せず）前方の道路を示し、符号Ｈｍは、前方道路上の歩行者を示す。符号Ｓｃ１は、レーザースポット光による車両の前方の矩形の走査領域を表し、走査領域Ｓｃ１の左側に羅列された１，２，３，４・・・ｎという数字は、レーザースポット光による走査の段数を示す。 Reference numeral Pt1 in FIG. 4A indicates an elliptical laser spot light of a conventional vehicle lamp that is vertically elongated in the vertical direction, and reference numeral Ls2 in FIG. 4B indicates the vehicle lamp 1 in the present embodiment as described above. Shows a laser spot light with an aspect ratio of 1: 1. Reference numeral Ld in FIGS. 4A and 4B indicates a road ahead of the vehicle (not shown), and reference numeral Hm indicates a pedestrian on the road ahead. The reference numeral Sc1 represents a rectangular scanning area in front of the vehicle by the laser spot light, and the numbers 1, 2, 3, 4 ... N listed on the left side of the scanning area Sc1 are the number of stages of scanning by the laser spot light. Is shown.

図４（ｂ）に示す矩形の走査領域（符号Ｓｃ１）内において、本実施形態の走査機構９は、反射鏡１１の傾動に基づいてアスペクト比１：１のレーザースポット光Ｌｓ２によって左端Ｓ１１から右端Ｓ１２まで１段目の走査を高速で行った後、レーザースポット光Ｌｓ２を消灯させた状態で反射鏡１１を左斜め下方に傾動させ、２段目の左端Ｓ１３から再び右端Ｓ１４へ高速で走査し、更に３，４・・・ｎ段まで繰り返し行う。その際、走査機構９は、図４（ｂ）に示すように上下の段のレーザースポット光Ｌｓ２が、隣接しかつ重複しないようにレーザースポット光Ｌｓ２を走査する。 Within the rectangular scanning region (reference numeral Sc1) shown in FIG. 4B, the scanning mechanism 9 of the present embodiment is from the left end S11 to the right end by the laser spot light Ls2 having an aspect ratio of 1: 1 based on the tilt of the reflecting mirror 11. After scanning the first stage up to S12 at high speed, the reflector 11 is tilted diagonally downward to the left with the laser spot light Ls2 turned off, and scanning from the left end S13 of the second stage to the right end S14 again at high speed is performed. Then, the process is repeated up to 3, 4 ... n steps. At that time, as shown in FIG. 4B, the scanning mechanism 9 scans the laser spot light Ls2 so that the laser spot light Ls2 in the upper and lower stages is adjacent and does not overlap.

一方、図４（ａ）に示す従来の車両用灯具の走査機構（図示せず）は、本実施形態の走査機構９と同様に楕円型レーザースポット光による左端から右端への走査、スポット光を消灯させた状態で行う左斜め下方への反射鏡の傾動、一段下の段における左端から右端への走査をそれぞれ高速でｎ段まで繰り返す点で共通するが、従来の車両用灯具による走査は、上下に隣り合う楕円型レーザースポット光Ｐｔ１の上端と下端が相互に重複するように走査を行う点で図４（ｂ）に示す本実施形態における走査と異なる。 On the other hand, the scanning mechanism (not shown) of the conventional vehicle lighting equipment shown in FIG. 4A scans from the left end to the right end by the elliptical laser spot light and spot light like the scanning mechanism 9 of the present embodiment. It is common in that the tilting of the reflector diagonally downward to the left and the scanning from the left end to the right end in the next lower stage are repeated up to n stages at high speed with the lights off, but the conventional scanning with vehicle lighting equipment is common. It differs from the scanning in the present embodiment shown in FIG. 4B in that scanning is performed so that the upper ends and the lower ends of the vertically adjacent elliptical laser spot lights Pt1 overlap each other.

図４（ａ）に示す従来の車両用灯具による走査においては、レーザースポット光が楕円型に集光する性質を有することでスポット光の上下端部に分解能の低下とばらつきを生じつつ、上下に長く楕円状に伸びる。従って、従来の車両用灯具による走査においては、上下端部を隣接させるように走査しようとしても、楕円型レーザースポット光に発生する分解能の低下のばらつきにより、上下端部が予想外に互いに重複してしまうことがある。 In scanning with the conventional vehicle lamp shown in FIG. 4 (a), the laser spot light has the property of condensing in an elliptical shape, so that the upper and lower ends of the spot light have reduced resolution and variation, and the laser spot light moves up and down. It extends long and elliptical. Therefore, in the conventional scanning with a vehicle lamp, even if the upper and lower ends are scanned so as to be adjacent to each other, the upper and lower ends unexpectedly overlap each other due to the variation in the resolution decrease generated in the elliptical laser spot light. It may end up.

図４（ｂ）に示す本実施形態の車両用灯具１による走査によれば、楕円型レーザースポット光Ｌｓ１をアスペクト比１：１のレーザースポット光Ｌｓ２とする光学系、即ちアナモルフィックレンズ１０を備えることにより、アスペクト比１：１のレーザースポット光Ｌｓ２には、分解能の低下による不鮮明さが上下端部に生じないため、従来のように上下端部を重複させて走査する必要が無く、更に分解能の低下のばらつきによってレーザースポット光Ｌｓ２の上下端部が予想外に互いに重複してしまうこともない。 According to scanning by the vehicle lamp 1 of the present embodiment shown in FIG. 4B, an optical system in which the elliptical laser spot light Ls1 is the laser spot light Ls2 having an aspect ratio of 1: 1, that is, the anamorphic lens 10. By providing the laser spot light Ls2 having an aspect ratio of 1: 1, blurring due to a decrease in resolution does not occur at the upper and lower ends, so that it is not necessary to overlap and scan the upper and lower ends as in the conventional case. The upper and lower ends of the laser spot light Ls2 do not unexpectedly overlap each other due to the variation in the decrease in resolution.

その結果、本実施形態及び後述する第２及び第３の実施形態におけるアスペクト比１：１のレーザースポット光を走査に利用する車両用灯具は、配光可変型前照灯において、以下の利点を有する。例えば、図４（ｂ）に示すように２段目の符号Ａｒ２２の範囲に歩行者Ｈｍがおり、歩行者Ｈｍを走査する際にまぶしさを与えたくない場合、本実施形態の車両用灯具は、アスペクト比１：１のレーザースポット光Ｌｓ２が２段目の走査において符号Ａｒ２２の範囲にさしかかったときにのみ消灯すればすむ。 As a result, the vehicle lighting fixtures that utilize the laser spot light having an aspect ratio of 1: 1 for scanning in the present embodiment and the second and third embodiments described later have the following advantages in the variable light distribution type headlight. Have. For example, if there is a pedestrian Hm in the range of the second stage symbol Ar22 as shown in FIG. 4B and it is not desired to give glare when scanning the pedestrian Hm, the vehicle lighting equipment of the present embodiment is used. It is sufficient to turn off the light only when the laser spot light Ls2 having an aspect ratio of 1: 1 approaches the range of reference numeral Ar22 in the second-stage scanning.

しかし、従来の車両用灯具を配光可変型前照灯に使用した場合において、図４（ａ）に示すように２段目の符号Ａｒ１２の範囲にいる歩行者Ｈｍは、楕円型レーザースポット光Ｐｔ１の上下端部が互いに重複することより、符号Ａｒ１１とＡｒ１２の２つの領域で顔に光を照射されている。従って、歩行者Ｈｍに走査による眩しさを与えたくない場合において、従来の車両用灯具は、１段目と２段目の走査において符号Ａｒ１１及びＡｒ２２の双方の範囲にさしかかったときに消灯しなければならなかったため、配光可変時における消灯範囲が無駄に広くなる点で問題があった。本実施形態のアスペクト比１：１のレーザースポット光Ｌｓ２によってスポット光同士を重複させない走査を行えば、消灯範囲を必要最低限にすることが出来る点で意義がある。 However, when the conventional vehicle lighting equipment is used for the variable light distribution type headlight, the pedestrian Hm in the range of the second stage symbol Ar12 as shown in FIG. 4A is the elliptical laser spot light. Since the upper and lower ends of Pt1 overlap each other, the face is irradiated with light in the two regions of reference numerals Ar11 and Ar12. Therefore, when it is not desired to give the pedestrian Hm glare due to scanning, the conventional vehicle lighting equipment must be turned off when the range of both the symbols Ar11 and Ar22 is approached in the first and second stages of scanning. Therefore, there is a problem in that the extinguishing range when the light distribution is variable becomes unnecessarily wide. It is significant in that the extinguishing range can be minimized by scanning the spot lights without overlapping each other with the laser spot light Ls2 having an aspect ratio of 1: 1 in the present embodiment.

次に、図５により、本願の第２の実施形態における車両用灯具を説明する。第２の実施形態における車両用灯具は、楕円型レーザースポット光Ｌｓ１をアスペクト比１：１のレーザースポット光ＬＳ２にするための光学系が第１の実施形態におけるアナモルフィックレンズ１０と異なるほか、共通した構成を有するため、レーザー光源８、走査機構９及び光学系以外の図示と説明は割愛する。 Next, with reference to FIG. 5, the vehicle lighting equipment according to the second embodiment of the present application will be described. The vehicle lamp according to the second embodiment has an optical system different from that of the anamorphic lens 10 in the first embodiment for converting the elliptical laser spot light Ls1 into the laser spot light LS2 having an aspect ratio of 1: 1. Since it has a common configuration, illustrations and explanations other than the laser light source 8, the scanning mechanism 9, and the optical system are omitted.

第２の実施形態における車両用灯具は、楕円型レーザースポット光Ｌｓ１をアスペクト比１：１のレーザースポット光ＬＳ２にするための光学系として、アナモルフィックレンズ１０の替わりに一対の同形状のシリンドリカルレンズ２１，２２を有する（図５を参照）。シリンドリカルレンズ２１と２２は、共に透明または半透明の直方体の光出射面を円弧面として形成した形状を有する。またシリンドリカルレンズ２２は、シリンドリカルレンズ２１に対して互いに共通する中心軸線Ｌ１周りに９０°回転した状態で配列される。 The vehicle lamp according to the second embodiment is an optical system for converting the elliptical laser spot light Ls1 into the laser spot light LS2 having an aspect ratio of 1: 1 as a pair of cylindricals having the same shape instead of the anamorphic lens 10. It has lenses 21 and 22 (see FIG. 5). Both the cylindrical lenses 21 and 22 have a shape in which a transparent or translucent rectangular parallelepiped light emitting surface is formed as an arc surface. Further, the cylindrical lens 22 is arranged in a state of being rotated by 90 ° around the central axis L1 common to each other with respect to the cylindrical lens 21.

図５に示すシリンドリカルレンズ２１と２２は、光入射面２１ａ，２２ａをレーザー光源８側に向け、かつ光出射面２１ｂ、２２ｂを走査機構９の反射面１１ａに向けた状態でレーザー光源８と走査機構９との間に配置される。レーザー光源８による出射光Ｂ１は、上下に縦長の楕円型レーザースポット光Ｌｓ１としてシリンドリカルレンズ２１及びシリンドリカルレンズ２２の順に透過することにより、縦方向と横方向のアスペクト比が１：１となる円形のレーザースポット光Ｌｓ２として走査機構９の反射面１１ａに入射すると共に、車両の前方に向けて反射される。アスペクト比１：１のレーザースポット光Ｌｓ２は、低下していた縦方向の分解能を向上させられた状態で車両前方に向けて走査され、所定形状の可変型配光パターンを表示する。 The cylindrical lenses 21 and 22 shown in FIG. 5 scan with the laser light source 8 with the light incident surfaces 21a and 22a facing the laser light source 8 side and the light emitting surfaces 21b and 22b facing the reflecting surface 11a of the scanning mechanism 9. It is arranged between the mechanism 9 and the mechanism 9. The emitted light B1 from the laser light source 8 is a circular shape having a vertical and horizontal aspect ratio of 1: 1 by being transmitted in the order of the cylindrical lens 21 and the cylindrical lens 22 as vertically elongated elliptical laser spot light Ls1. The laser spot light Ls2 is incident on the reflecting surface 11a of the scanning mechanism 9 and is reflected toward the front of the vehicle. The laser spot light Ls2 having an aspect ratio of 1: 1 is scanned toward the front of the vehicle in a state where the reduced vertical resolution is improved, and displays a variable light distribution pattern having a predetermined shape.

次に、図６により、本願の第３の実施形態における車両用灯具を説明する。第３の実施形態における車両用灯具は、楕円型レーザースポット光Ｌｓ１をアスペクト比１：１のレーザースポット光ＬＳ２にするための光学系が第１の実施形態におけるアナモルフィックレンズ１０と異なるほか、共通した構成を有するため、レーザー光源８及び光学系以外の図示と説明は割愛する。 Next, with reference to FIG. 6, the vehicle lighting equipment according to the third embodiment of the present application will be described. The vehicle lamp according to the third embodiment has an optical system different from that of the anamorphic lens 10 in the first embodiment for converting the elliptical laser spot light Ls1 into the laser spot light LS2 having an aspect ratio of 1: 1. Since it has a common configuration, illustrations and explanations other than the laser light source 8 and the optical system are omitted.

第３の実施形態における車両用灯具は、楕円型レーザースポット光Ｌｓ１をアスペクト比１：１のレーザースポット光ＬＳ２にするための光学系として、光の入射面に形成されたマイクロレンズアレイ２３ａと、非球面形状の光の出射面２３ｂを備えた特殊レンズ２３を有する。 The vehicle lighting equipment according to the third embodiment includes a microlens array 23a formed on the incident surface of light as an optical system for converting the elliptical laser spot light Ls1 into the laser spot light LS2 having an aspect ratio of 1: 1. It has a special lens 23 having an aspherical light emitting surface 23b.

レーザー光源８による出射光Ｂ１は、上下に縦長の楕円型レーザースポット光Ｌｓ１としてマイクロレンズアレイ２３ａから特殊レンズ２３を透過し、非球面形状の光の出射面２３ｂから出射することにより、縦方向と横方向のアスペクト比が１：１となる円形のレーザースポット光Ｌｓ２として走査機構の反射面に入射すると共に、車両の前方に向けて反射される。アスペクト比１：１のレーザースポット光Ｌｓ２は、低下していた縦方向の分解能を向上させられた状態で車両前方に向けて走査され、所定形状の可変型配光パターンを表示する。 The light B1 emitted by the laser light source 8 passes through the special lens 23 from the microlens array 23a as vertically elongated elliptical laser spot light Ls1 and is emitted from the light emitting surface 23b having an aspherical shape in the vertical direction. It is incident on the reflecting surface of the scanning mechanism as circular laser spot light Ls2 having an aspect ratio of 1: 1 in the lateral direction, and is reflected toward the front of the vehicle. The laser spot light Ls2 having an aspect ratio of 1: 1 is scanned toward the front of the vehicle in a state where the reduced vertical resolution is improved, and displays a variable light distribution pattern having a predetermined shape.

１ 車両用灯具（配光可変型前照灯）
８ レーザー光源
９ 走査機構
１０ アナモルフィックレンズ（光学系）
２１，２２ シリンドリカルレンズ（光学系）
２３ 特殊レンズ（光学系）
２３ａ マイクロレンズアレイ
２３ｂ 光の出射面
Ｌｓ１ 楕円形状のレーザースポット光
Ｌｓ２ アスペクト比１：１のレーザースポット光 1 Vehicle lighting equipment (variable light distribution type headlight)
8 Laser light source 9 Scanning mechanism 10 Anamorphic lens (optical system)
21 and 22 Cylindrical lenses (optical system)
23 Special lens (optical system)
23a Microlens array 23b Light emission surface Ls1 Elliptical laser spot light Ls2 Laser spot light with an aspect ratio of 1: 1

Claims (5)

レーザー光源と、レーザー光源によるスポット光を車両の外部に向けて走査することで描画表示を行う走査機構を有する車両用灯具において
前記レーザー光源によって生成される楕円スポット光をアスペクト比１：１のスポット光にする光学系を有することを特徴とする車両用灯具。 An elliptical spot light generated by the laser light source is a spot having an aspect ratio of 1: 1 in a vehicle lamp having a laser light source and a scanning mechanism for drawing and displaying by scanning the spot light from the laser light source toward the outside of the vehicle. A vehicle lighting device characterized by having an optical system that makes light. 前記光学系が、アナモルフィックレンズであることを特徴とする、請求項１に記載の車両用灯具。 The vehicle lamp according to claim 1, wherein the optical system is an anamorphic lens. 前記光学系が、中心軸線周りに９０°回転した状態で直列に配列された一対のシリンドリカルレンズであることを特徴とする、請求項１に記載の車両用灯具。 The vehicle lamp according to claim 1, wherein the optical system is a pair of cylindrical lenses arranged in series in a state of being rotated by 90 ° around a central axis. 前記光学系が、光入射面にマイクロレンズアレイを形成され、かつ光の出射面を非球面形状に形成された特殊レンズであることを特徴とする、請求項１に記載の車両用灯具。 The vehicle lamp according to claim 1, wherein the optical system is a special lens in which a microlens array is formed on a light incident surface and a light emitting surface is formed in an aspherical shape. 配光可変型前照灯であることを特徴とする、請求項１から４のうちいずれかに記載の車両用灯具。 The vehicle lighting fixture according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the headlight is a variable light distribution type headlight.
JP2019034446A 2019-02-27 2019-02-27 Vehicular lighting fixture Pending JP2020140822A (en)

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