JP2020139270A - Bearing wall and wall material - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a bearing wall capable of improving the rigidity and bearing capacity from the beginning to the end of an earthquake.SOLUTION: The bearing wall includes: a pair of vertical materials extending in the vertical direction; wall materials joined to the pair of vertical materials respectively; and a concave part that has a plurality of annular walls that protrude in the thickness direction with respect to the general part of the wall materials, which are arranged in a row between the pair of vertical materials of the wall materials with a space in a vertical direction, and the bottom that closes the end of the wall in the protruding direction.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3A

Description

The present invention relates to bearing walls and wall materials.

Patent Document 1 discloses a bearing wall in which a wall surface material is joined to a pair of vertical members joined to upper and lower horizontal members of a building. A plurality of burring holes are formed in a row at the top and bottom of the wall material of the bearing wall.

Japanese Patent No. 5805893

By the way, the performance required for the bearing wall differs depending on the part used in the building. Since the bearing wall disclosed in Patent Document 1 is used as an inner wall material of a building, a plurality of burring holes are formed in the wall surface material for piping and wiring. On the other hand, it is desired that the bearing wall used for the outer wall material of the building has further improved rigidity and bearing capacity from the beginning to the end of the earthquake.

In consideration of the above facts, an object of the present invention is to provide a bearing wall and a wall material having improved rigidity and proof stress from the beginning to the end of an earthquake.

The bearing wall of the first aspect of the present invention is formed in the vertical direction between a pair of vertical members extending in the vertical direction, a wall surface material joined to the pair of the vertical members, and a pair of the vertical members of the wall surface material. It is provided with an annular wall portion formed in a row at intervals and protruding in the plate thickness direction with respect to a general portion of the wall surface material, and a recess having a bottom portion that closes an end portion of the wall portion in the projecting direction. ..

In the bearing wall of the first aspect, recesses are formed between a pair of vertical members of the wall surface material at intervals in the vertical direction. Here, in the load-bearing wall, since a recess having a bottom is formed in the wall surface material, for example, as compared with a wall surface material in which an opening (burring hole) having a rib formed at the edge portion is formed, from the beginning to the end of the earthquake. Rigidity and proof stress can be improved.

The bearing wall of the second aspect of the present invention has the same shape and size of the recesses adjacent to the bearing wall in the vertical direction when viewed from the plate thickness direction in the bearing wall of the first aspect.

In the bearing wall of the second aspect, since the shapes and sizes of the adjacent recesses are the same when viewed from the plate thickness direction, for example, at least one of the shapes and sizes of the adjacent recesses is different. Compared to the configuration, the stress acting on each recess can be made constant, so it is easy to secure the rigidity and proof stress from the beginning to the end of the earthquake. Further, when forming the concave portion in the wall surface material, it is not necessary to use various processing tools (including a mold) according to the shape and size of the concave portion, so that the wall surface material can be easily manufactured (processed).

The bearing wall of the third aspect of the present invention is the bearing wall of the first aspect or the second aspect, and the shape of the recess is circular when viewed from the plate thickness direction.

In the bearing wall of the third aspect, since the shape of the recess is circular when viewed from the plate thickness direction, the local stress concentration in the recess is relaxed as compared with, for example, a configuration in which the shape of the recess is polygonal. Therefore, the bearing capacity can be stabilized at the end of the earthquake.

The bearing wall of the fourth aspect of the present invention is the bearing wall of the first aspect or the second aspect, and the shape of the concave portion is a polygonal shape having an even number of corners when viewed from the plate thickness direction, and the wall surface. The recess is formed in the material so as to be symmetrical with respect to the straight line extending in the vertical direction and so that the vertices of the opposite corners of the recess are located on the straight line.

In the bearing wall of the fourth aspect, in the wall surface material, the shape of the recess is a polygonal shape having an even number of corners when viewed from the plate thickness direction, and the recess is symmetrical with respect to a straight line extending in the vertical direction. The wall material is formed so that the vertices of the opposite corners of the recess are located on a straight line. Therefore, in the bearing wall, for example, the rigidity and the bearing capacity are improved at the initial stage of the earthquake as compared with the configuration in which the recesses are symmetrical with respect to the straight line and the vertices of the corners facing the straight line are not located. be able to.

The bearing wall according to the fifth aspect of the present invention is the bearing wall according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, wherein the distance between the centers of the recesses adjacent to each other in the vertical direction is the pair of the vertical member and the wall surface. It is shorter than the horizontal distance between the joints with the material.

In the bearing wall of the fifth aspect, in the wall surface material, the distance between the centers of the recesses adjacent in the vertical direction is shorter than the horizontal distance between the joint points between the pair of vertical members and the wall surface material. Therefore, when the horizontal load due to the earthquake is transmitted to the bearing wall, in the wall material, the joint portion between one vertical member and the wall surface material and the horizontal intermediate portion between the recesses, and the other vertical member and the wall surface. The shear stress (Mieses stress) value in the horizontal intermediate portion between the joint portion with the material and the concave portion is lower than the shear stress value in the vertical intermediate portion between the recesses adjacent in the vertical direction. As a result, the horizontal shear stress generated in the pair of vertical members is reduced. As a result, the joint portion between the wall surface material and the vertical member is suppressed from being deformed before the vertical intermediate portion between the recesses adjacent in the vertical direction is deformed in the wall surface material, and the seismic energy is stably absorbed. It becomes possible.

In the bearing wall of the sixth aspect of the present invention, in the bearing wall of the fifth aspect, the width of the recess along the horizontal direction is within the range of 30% to 80% of the horizontal distance between the joint points.

In the bearing wall of the sixth aspect, since the width of the recesses along the horizontal direction is within the range of 30% to 80% of the horizontal distance between the joint points, the intermediate portion between the recesses adjacent in the vertical direction in the wall surface material. It is possible to effectively suppress the deformation of the joint portion between the wall surface material and the vertical member before the deformation.

The bearing wall of the seventh aspect of the present invention is the bearing wall of any one of the first to sixth aspects, and the pair of vertical members is only a pair of horizontal members at the upper end and the lower end of each. It is connected.

In the bearing wall of the seventh aspect, since the pair of vertical members are connected by only a pair of horizontal members at the upper end and the lower end of each, for example, in addition to the pair of horizontal members, the vertical direction of the pair of vertical members Compared with the configuration in which the middle part is connected by another cross member, it is possible to suppress an excessive increase in the bearing capacity at the end of the earthquake.

The wall surface material of the eighth aspect of the present invention is a wall surface material joined to a pair of vertical members extending in the vertical direction, respectively, with a space between the pair of the vertical members of the wall surface material in the vertical direction. It is provided with an annular wall portion formed in a row and protruding in the plate thickness direction with respect to a general portion of the wall surface material, and a recess having a bottom portion that closes an end portion of the wall portion in the projecting direction.

In the wall surface material of the eighth aspect, recesses are formed between the pair of vertical members at intervals in the vertical direction. Here, in the wall material, since the recess having the bottom is formed, the rigidity and the proof stress from the beginning to the end of the earthquake are improved as compared with the structure in which the opening (burring hole) in which the rib is formed at the edge is formed. Can be improved.

According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a bearing wall and a wall material having improved rigidity and proof stress from the beginning to the end of an earthquake.

It is a front view of the bearing wall of one Embodiment of this invention. It is a front view of the frame material of the bearing wall shown in FIG. It is an enlarged view of the part pointed out by the arrow 3AX of FIG. It is a cross-sectional view taken along the line 3BX-3BX of FIG. 3A. It is an enlarged view of the part corresponding to FIG. 3A which shows the force acting on each part of the bearing wall shown in FIG. 1 at the end of an earthquake by arrow. It is sectional drawing of the bearing wall cut along the 5X-5X line of FIG. It is sectional drawing of the bearing wall cut along the line 6X-6X of FIG. It is an enlarged view (enlarged view corresponding to FIG. 3A) around the concave part of the bearing wall of another embodiment of this invention. It is an enlarged view (enlarged view corresponding to FIG. 3A) around the concave part of the bearing wall of another embodiment of this invention. It is an enlarged view (enlarged view corresponding to FIG. 3A) around the concave part of the bearing wall of another embodiment of this invention. It is an enlarged view (enlarged view corresponding to FIG. 3A) around the concave part of the bearing wall of another embodiment of this invention. It is a front view of the bearing wall of another embodiment of this invention. It is a front view of the bearing wall of another embodiment of this invention. It is a graph which shows the characteristic of the change of the horizontal load with respect to the interlayer change angle of the bearing wall which has a stiffener. It is a graph which shows the characteristic of the change of the horizontal load with respect to the interlayer change angle of the bearing wall without a stiffener.

The bearing wall and the wall surface material according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 6. The arrow U shown in the figure indicates the upward direction of the building to which the bearing wall of the present embodiment is applied. Further, the arrow W shown in the figure indicates the width direction of the bearing wall. In this embodiment, the width direction of the bearing wall and the horizontal direction of the building coincide with each other.

As shown in FIG. 1, the bearing wall 20 of the present embodiment includes a frame member 22 and a wall surface member 50.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the frame member 22 is formed in a rectangular shape. The frame members 22 are arranged at intervals in the horizontal direction, and the vertical frame members 24, 26, 28 extending in the vertical direction and the horizontal frame members 24, 26, 28 are connected to the upper ends of the vertical frame members 24, 26, 28 in the horizontal direction. 30 and a horizontal frame member 32 that connects the lower ends of the vertical frame members 24, 26, and 28 in the horizontal direction are provided.

The vertical frame members 24, 26, and 28 of the present embodiment are examples of the vertical frame members in the present invention.

(Vertical frame material 24)
As shown in FIG. 2, the vertical frame member 24 forms a portion of the frame member 22 on one side (left side in FIGS. 2 and 5) in the width direction (arrow W direction in the drawing). In this embodiment, the width direction of the frame member 22 and the width direction of the bearing wall 20 are the same.

As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the vertical frame member 24 forms a square steel pipe 34 forming an outer frame portion on the outer side in the width direction and an inner frame portion on the inner side in the width direction, and forms the vertical frame member 26 side ( In other words, the frame member 22 is provided with a C-shaped shaped steel 36 having an open cross section on the other side in the width direction (right side in FIGS. 2 and 5).

The square steel pipe 34 has a square cross section, and two square steel pipes 34 are arranged side by side in the thickness direction of the frame member 22 (in the direction of arrow T in the drawing). These square steel pipes 34 are joined by welding.

The shaped steel 36 is a lip channel steel, and the outer surface of the web portion 36A is joined to the inner surface of the frame (inside the frame member 22) of the square steel pipe 34. Specifically, the shaped steel 36 is joined to two square steel pipes 34 by using a drill screw 38. The present invention is not limited to the above configuration, and the shaped steel 36 and the square steel pipe 34 may be joined by using another method such as welding. Further, a reinforcing member 40 having a C-shaped cross section is joined to the inner surface of the shaped steel 36. The reinforcing member 40 is channel steel, and the outer surface of the web portion 40A and the outer surface of both flange portions 40B are joined to the inner surface of the web portion 36A of the shaped steel 36 and the inner surface of both flange portions 36B, respectively. The method of joining the shaped steel 36 and the reinforcing member 40 is not particularly limited. For example, the shaped steel 36 and the reinforcing member 40 may be joined by welding.

(Vertical frame material 26)
As shown in FIG. 2, the vertical frame member 26 is arranged between the vertical frame member 24 and the vertical frame member 28, and forms a portion located at the central portion in the width direction of the frame member 22.

As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the vertical frame member 26 has a C-shaped cross section with the vertical frame member 28 side (in other words, the other side in the width direction of the frame member 22) open. , Is equipped.

(Vertical frame material 28)
As shown in FIG. 2, the vertical frame member 28 forms a portion of the frame member 22 on the other side in the width direction (right side in FIGS. 2 and 5).

As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the vertical frame member 28 is configured symmetrically with the vertical frame member 24 with the vertical frame member 26 interposed therebetween. Specifically, the vertical frame member 28 forms the square steel pipe 34 forming the outer frame portion and the inner frame portion, and forms the vertical frame member 26 side (in other words, one side in the width direction of the frame member 22 (FIG. 2 and). In FIG. 5, the left side)) is provided with the open shaped steel 36 and the reinforcing member 40 for reinforcing the shaped steel 36.

As shown in FIG. 2, the horizontal frame member 30 is formed of a square steel pipe having a rectangular cross section. The upper ends of the vertical frame members 24, 26, and 28 are joined to the horizontal frame member 30 by fasteners such as screws and bolts, welding, or the like.

As shown in FIG. 2, the horizontal frame member 32 is formed of a square steel pipe having a rectangular cross section, similarly to the horizontal frame member 30. The lower ends of the vertical frame members 24, 26, and 28 are joined to the horizontal frame member 30 by fasteners such as screws and bolts, welding, or the like.

As shown in FIG. 2, the frame member 22 includes stiffening members 44 and 46 for reinforcing the rigidity of the horizontal frame member 30 and the horizontal frame member 32 with respect to the relative displacement in the horizontal direction. The stiffening member 44 is arranged between the vertical frame member 24 and the vertical frame member 26 and at a substantially central portion in the vertical direction. Further, one end of the stiffening member 44 is joined to the vertical frame member 24 with a drill screw 48, and the other end is joined to the vertical frame member 26 with a drill screw 48. On the other hand, the stiffening member 46 is arranged between the vertical frame member 24 and the vertical frame member 26 and at a substantially central portion in the vertical direction. Further, one end of the stiffening member 46 is joined to the vertical frame member 26 together with the other end of the stiffening member 44 by a drill screw 48, and the other end is joined to the vertical frame member 28 by a drill screw 48. If the rigidity of the frame member 22 is ensured, the stiffening members 44 and 46 may be omitted.

(Wall material 50)
As shown in FIG. 1, the wall surface material 50 is a steel plate formed in a rectangular shape and is joined to the frame material 22. In the bearing wall 20 of the present embodiment, two wall material 50s are used, one wall material 50 is joined to the vertical frame material 24 and the vertical frame material 26, and the other wall material 50 is vertically connected to the vertical frame material 26. It is joined to the frame material 28. Specifically, both ends of one wall surface member 50 in the width direction are joined to the vertical frame member 24 and the vertical frame member 26, which are a pair of vertical members, by using a plurality of drill screws 52, respectively. Further, both ends of the other wall surface material 50 in the width direction are joined to the vertical frame member 26 and the vertical frame member 28, which are a pair of vertical members, by using a plurality of drill screws 52, respectively. Although the two wall surface materials 50 have the same dimensions, the present invention is not limited to this configuration and may have different dimensions.

The portion where the drill screw 52 is screwed in for joining the one wall surface material 50, the vertical frame material 24, and the vertical frame material 26, and the other wall surface material 50, the vertical frame material 26, and the vertical frame material 28. The portion where the drill screw 52 is screwed in for joining is referred to as a joint portion 60.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 3A, a plurality of joint portions 60 are formed at intervals in the vertical direction. In the wall surface material 50 of the present embodiment, the joint portions 60 are provided at substantially constant intervals, but the present invention is not limited to this configuration. For example, the joints may be densely arranged in a region where a large shear force acts when a horizontal load is applied to the bearing wall so that the shear forces acting on the adjacent joints in the vertical direction are uniformly approached.

Further, as shown in FIG. 3A, the wall surface material 50 is formed with a plurality of recesses 54 (seven in the present embodiment) at intervals in the vertical direction. These seven recesses 54 are formed so as to form a row in the vertical direction. The recesses 54 arranged in a row are offset from the center of the wall surface material 50 in the width direction. In other words, the straight line SL extending in the vertical direction through the center of the recess 54 adjacent in the vertical direction is closer to one side or the other side in the width direction (in FIG. 3A, the straight line SL is closer to the right side). The center of the recess 54 as used herein refers to the center of the opening of the recess 54 when the wall surface material 50 is viewed in the plate thickness direction.

As shown in FIG. 3B, the recess 54 includes an annular wall portion 54A protruding in the plate thickness direction (same as the thickness direction T of the bearing wall 20 in this embodiment) with respect to the general portion 50A of the wall surface material 50. It has a bottom portion 54B that closes an end portion of the wall portion 54A in the projecting direction (direction indicated by the arrow P in the drawing). The recess 54 is formed by pressing a steel plate to be the wall surface material 50. The present invention is not limited to the above configuration. For example, a through hole is formed in a steel plate serving as a wall surface material 50 by press working, and an opening of a bottomed tubular member is joined to a recessed portion at the edge of the through hole. 54 may be formed.

Further, as shown in FIG. 3A, the shape of the recess 54 is circular when viewed from the plate thickness direction of the wall surface material 50. The shape and size of the recesses 54 adjacent to each other in the vertical direction when viewed from the plate thickness direction of the wall surface material 50 are the same shape and size. The opening size of the recess 54 is preferably set to, for example, a diameter of 200 mm or more.

As shown in FIG. 3A, the center-to-center distance D1 of the recesses 54 adjacent in the vertical direction is shorter than the horizontal distance D2 between the joint portion 60 of the vertical frame member 24 and the joint portion 60 of the vertical frame member 26. ing. The width W1 of the recess 54 along the horizontal direction is set within a range of 30% to 80% of the horizontal distance D2 between the joint points.

As shown in FIG. 1, the upper end portion of one wall surface material 50 and the upper end portion of the other wall surface material 50 are joined to the horizontal frame member 30 by using a plurality of drill screws 52, respectively. Then, the lower end portion of one wall surface material 50 and the lower end portion of the other wall surface material 50 are joined to the horizontal frame member 32 by using a plurality of drill screws 52, respectively.

(Action and effect of this embodiment)
The bearing wall used as the exterior material of the building is required to have high rigidity and design strength in the initial elastic stage of the earthquake, and the maximum strength is larger than the design strength (for example, about 1.5 times) in the final stage. ing. Further, the bearing wall is also required to have a stable bearing capacity (without a sudden decrease) even at the time of large deformation. Taking these into consideration, the present inventors have reached the development of the present invention.

In the bearing wall 20, recesses 54 are formed in the wall surface material 50 at intervals in the vertical direction. Here, in the load-bearing wall 20, since the recess 54 having the bottom portion 54B is formed in the wall surface material 50, as compared with, for example, a wall surface material having an opening (burring hole) having ribs formed at the edge portion, from the initial stage of the earthquake. Rigidity and proof stress until the end can be improved. Specifically, in the bearing wall 20, shear stress is concentrated between recesses 54 adjacent in the vertical direction of the wall surface material 50 in the initial stage of an earthquake (for example, when the interlayer deformation angle is 1/300). The mechanism by which this shear stress is concentrated is the same for the bearing walls of the comparative example in which circular burring holes are formed in the wall surface material. On the other hand, regarding the compression resistance of the recess, the bearing wall 20 of the present embodiment is slightly higher than the bearing wall of the comparative example. It is presumed that this is because the wall portion 54A is closed at the bottom portion 54B. As a result, the shearing force transmitted to the joint portion 60 is reduced. From the above, the bearing wall 20 has higher rigidity and proof stress than the above-mentioned bearing wall of the comparative example at the initial stage of the earthquake.
Further, in the bearing wall 20, at the final stage of the earthquake (for example, when the interlayer deformation angle is 1/100), as shown in FIG. 4, the direction in which the recesses 54 adjacent to each other in the vertical direction of the wall surface material 50 are diagonally connected. A tensile force TS is generated in the recess 54, and a balance between the compressive resistance CR of the recess 54 and the shearing force SF acting on each joint 60 is maintained. On the other hand, the bearing wall of the comparative example also maintains the balance of forces by the same mechanism as the bearing wall 20, but the compression resistance of the burring hole is lower than the compression resistance of the recess 54, so that the shear force that can be balanced can be maintained. The range is narrow. In this way, it is estimated that the magnitude of the compressive resistance CR of the recess 54 affects the bearing capacity of the bearing wall from the beginning to the end of the earthquake. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 13, the bearing wall 20 can improve the rigidity and the bearing capacity from the initial stage to the final stage of the earthquake as compared with the bearing wall of the comparative example.

Further, since the bearing wall 20 has a circular shape of the recess 54 when viewed from the plate thickness direction, local stress concentration in the recess 54 can be relaxed as compared with, for example, a configuration in which the shape of the recess is polygonal. Therefore, the bearing capacity can be stabilized at the end of the earthquake.

Further, in the bearing wall 20, since the shapes and sizes of the adjacent recesses 54 are the same when viewed from the plate thickness direction, for example, at least one of the shapes and sizes of the adjacent recesses is different. As compared with the above, since the stress acting on each recess 54 can be made constant, it is easy to secure the rigidity and proof stress from the beginning to the end of the earthquake. Further, when forming the recess 54 in the wall material 50, it is not necessary to use various processing tools (including dies) according to the shape and size of the recess, so that the wall material 50 can be easily manufactured (processed). ..

Since the center-to-center distance D1 of the bearing wall 20 is shorter than the horizontal distance D2, when the horizontal load due to the earthquake is transmitted to the bearing wall 20, the joint portion 60 and the recess 54 are formed in the wall material 50. The shear stress value (Mieses stress) in the horizontal intermediate portion between the two can be made lower than the shear stress value in the vertical intermediate portion between the recesses 54 adjacent in the vertical direction. As a result, the shear stress in the horizontal direction generated in the pair of vertical members (vertical frame member 24 and vertical frame member 26, or vertical frame member 26 and vertical frame member 28) is reduced. As a result, it is suppressed that the joint portion 60 between the wall surface material 50 and the pair of vertical members is deformed before the intermediate portion in the vertical direction between the recesses 54 adjacent in the vertical direction is deformed in the wall surface material 50, and the seismic energy. Can be absorbed stably.

Further, in the bearing wall 20, since the width W1 of the recess 54 is within the range of 30% to 80% of the horizontal distance D2, before the intermediate portion between the recesses 54 adjacent in the vertical direction in the wall material 50 is deformed, Deformation of the joint portion 60 can be effectively suppressed.

In the bearing wall 20 of the above-described embodiment, the drill screw 52 is used for joining the frame material 22 and the wall surface material 50, but the present invention is not limited to this configuration. For example, a nail may be used instead of the drill screw 52. Further, the frame material 22 and the wall surface material 50 may be joined by spot welding. When spot welding is used, the welded portion of the frame material 22 and the wall surface material 50 is referred to as a joint portion.

In the bearing wall 20 of the above-described embodiment, the wall surface material 50 is not formed with a pilot hole, but the present invention is not limited to this configuration, and the wall surface material 50 may be formed with a pilot hole or a mark for drilling. Good.

In the bearing wall 20 of the above-described embodiment, the shape of the recess 54 is circular when viewed from the plate thickness direction, but the present invention is not limited to this configuration. For example, the shape of the recess 54 is vertically and long-axis. It may be a vertically oriented ellipse in which the vertical directions match, or a horizontal ellipse in which the vertical direction and the minor axis coincide with each other.

Further, in the bearing wall 20 of the above-described embodiment, the shape of the recess 54 is circular when viewed from the plate thickness direction, but the present invention is not limited to this configuration. For example, as shown in FIGS. 7, 8, 9, and 10, the bearing walls 70, 80, 90, and 100 are formed on the wall members 72, 82, 92, and 102 when viewed from the plate thickness direction. The shape of the recesses 74, 84, 94, 104 may be a polygonal shape having an even number of corner portions 74C, 84C, 94C, 104C, respectively. The "polygon shape" referred to here includes a polygon whose corners are angular and a polygon whose corners are curved (rounded) in an arc shape.
Specifically, as shown in FIG. 7, the bearing wall 70 is symmetrical with respect to the straight line SL and the vertices of the concave portions 74C facing each other on the straight line SL are located on the straight line SL. It is formed on the wall surface material 72 so as to be located. The shape of the recess 74 is a square shape in which the vertices of the corners 74C are arranged on a straight line SL. Reference numeral 74A in FIG. 7 indicates a wall portion of the recess 74, and reference numeral 74B indicates a bottom portion of the recess 74.
As shown in FIG. 8, the load-bearing wall 80 is symmetrical with respect to the straight line SL so that the vertices of the opposite corner portions 84C of the recesses 84 are located on the straight line SL. It is formed on the material 82. The shape of the recess 84 is a regular hexagonal shape in which the vertices of the corners 84C are arranged on a straight line SL. Reference numeral 84A in FIG. 8 indicates a wall portion of the recess 84, and reference numeral 84B indicates a bottom portion of the recess 84.
As shown in FIG. 9, the load-bearing wall 90 is symmetrical with respect to the straight line SL and is a wall surface so that the vertices of the opposite corner portions 94C of the recess 94 are not located on the straight line SL. It is formed on the material 92. The shape of the recess 94 is a square shape in which the vertices of the corners 94C are arranged on a straight line SL. Reference numeral 94A in FIG. 9 indicates a wall portion of the recess 94, and reference numeral 94B indicates a bottom portion of the recess 94.
As shown in FIG. 10, the load-bearing wall 100 is symmetrical with respect to the straight line SL and is a wall surface so that the vertices of the opposite corners 104C of the recesses 104 are not located on the straight line SL. It is formed on the material 102. The shape of the recess 104 is a regular hexagon shape in which the vertices of the corners 104C are arranged on a straight line SL. Reference numeral 104A in FIG. 10 indicates a wall portion of the recess 104, and reference numeral 104B indicates a bottom portion of the recess 104.
Each of the bearing walls 70, 80, 90, 100 has the same configuration as the bearing wall 20 except for the shape of each recess. Therefore, the same effect as that of the bearing wall 20 can be obtained except for the effect obtained by the circular shape of the concave portion.
Further, in the bearing wall 70, when viewed from the plate thickness direction, the recesses 74 are symmetrical with respect to the straight line SL extending in the vertical direction, and the vertices of the opposite corners 74C of the recesses 74 are located on the straight line SL. It is formed on the wall surface material 72. Therefore, in the load-bearing wall 70, for example, as compared with a configuration in which the recesses are symmetrical with respect to the straight line SL and the vertices of the corners facing the straight line are not located, as shown in FIG. 13, an earthquake occurs. It is possible to improve the rigidity and proof stress at the initial stage of. The same effect as that of the bearing wall 70 can be obtained in the bearing wall 90.

In the bearing walls 70 and 80 of the above-described embodiments, when viewed from the plate thickness direction, the shapes of the recesses 74 and 84 formed in the wall surface members 72 and 82 are square having an even number of corner portions 74C and 84C, respectively. Although it has a shape or a regular hexagonal shape, the present invention is not limited to this configuration. When viewed from the plate thickness direction of the bearing wall, it may have a regular octagonal shape or a regular polygonal shape larger than that.

In the bearing wall 20 of the above-described embodiment, the vertical frame members 24, 24, 26 are connected by the stiffening members 44, 46 in addition to the pair of horizontal frame members 30, 32, but the present invention is limited to this configuration. Not done. For example, as in the bearing wall 110 shown in FIG. 11, the vertical frame members 24, 26, and 28 may have a configuration in which the upper end and the lower end are connected only by a pair of horizontal frame members 30, 32. .. Specifically, the frame member 112 of the bearing wall 110 is composed of vertical frame members 24, 26, 28 and a pair of horizontal frame members 30, 32, and includes stiffening members 44, 46 of the bearing wall 20. Not. In such a bearing wall 110, since the vertical frame members 24, 26, and 28 are connected only by the pair of horizontal frame members 30, 32, for example, in addition to the pair of horizontal frame members 30, 32, the stiffening member 44 As shown in FIG. 14, it is possible to suppress an excessive increase in the bearing capacity at the end of the earthquake as compared with the bearing wall 20 using the 46.

The bearing wall 20 of the above-described embodiment is configured by joining the wall surface material 50 to the frame member 22, but the present invention is not limited to this configuration. For example, as in the bearing wall 120 shown in FIG. 12, a pair of vertical members extending in the vertical direction, the upper ends of which are connected to the horizontal member HM1 of the building, and the lower ends of each are connected to the horizontal member HM2 of the building. The wall surface material 124 may be joined to 122 by using a drill screw 52. The wall surface material 124 is formed with a recess 54, similarly to the wall surface material 50. Therefore, the bearing wall 120 can obtain the same action and effect as the bearing wall 20.

Next, in order to prove that the bearing wall of the present invention can improve the rigidity and yield strength from the beginning to the end of the earthquake, a simulation by finite element analysis is performed and the characteristics of the change of the horizontal load with respect to the interlayer change angle of the bearing wall. Got The obtained characteristics are shown graphically in FIG. 13 with the horizontal load on the vertical axis and the interlayer change angle on the horizontal axis. The simulated examples and comparative examples are as follows.

Example 1: A bearing wall having the same configuration as the bearing wall 20 of the embodiment according to the present invention, with a circular recess having a size (diameter) of 200 mm (see FIG. 3A).
Example 2: A bearing wall having the same configuration as the bearing wall 70 of the embodiment according to the present invention, in which the size of the square recess is set to a size such that the diameter of the inscribed circle is 200 mm (see FIG. 7).
Example 3: A load-bearing wall having the same configuration as the load-bearing wall 80 of the embodiment according to the present invention, and having a regular hexagonal recess having a diameter of an inscribed circle of 200 mm (see FIG. 8). ..
Example 4: A bearing wall having the same configuration as the bearing wall 90 of the embodiment according to the present invention, in which the size of the square recess is set to a size such that the diameter of the inscribed circle is 200 mm (see FIG. 9).
Example 5: A bearing wall having the same configuration as the bearing wall 100 of the embodiment according to the present invention, and having a regular hexagonal concave portion having a diameter of an inscribed circle of 200 mm (see FIG. 10). ..
Comparative Example 1: A bearing wall having the same configuration as the bearing wall of Example 1 except that a circular burring hole (diameter 200 mm) is formed instead of the circular recess.

As shown in FIG. 13, the bearing wall of Example 1 and the bearing wall of Comparative Example 1 having the same opening shape as Example 1 have higher rigidity and bearing capacity than Comparative Example 1 from the beginning to the end of the earthquake. It turns out that it is expensive as a whole.

We also conducted a simulation without a stiffener to obtain the characteristics of the change in horizontal load with respect to the interlayer change angle of the bearing wall. The obtained characteristics are shown graphically in FIG. 14 with the horizontal load on the vertical axis and the interlayer change angle on the horizontal axis. The simulated examples and comparative examples are as follows.

Example 6: A bearing wall having the same configuration as the bearing wall of Example 1 except that the frame material is not provided with a stiffener (see FIG. 11).
Example 7: A bearing wall having the same configuration as the bearing wall of Example 2 except that the frame material is not provided with a stiffener.
Example 8: A bearing wall having the same configuration as the bearing wall of Example 3 except that the frame material is not provided with a stiffener.
Example 9: A bearing wall having the same configuration as the bearing wall of Example 4 except that the frame material is not provided with a stiffener.
Example 10: A bearing wall having the same configuration as the bearing wall of Example 5 except that the frame material is not provided with a stiffener.
Comparative Example 1: A bearing wall having the same configuration as the bearing wall of Example 1 except that a circular burring hole (diameter 200 mm) is formed instead of the circular recess. A stiffener is also provided.

As shown in FIG. 14, the bearing wall of Example 6 having no stiffener and the bearing wall of Comparative Example 1 having the same opening shape as that of Example 6 and having a stiffener are in the initial stage of the earthquake. It can be seen that the rigidity and the bearing capacity are about the same. On the other hand, at the final stage of the earthquake, it can be seen that the bearing wall of Example 6 is stable in a state where the bearing wall is higher than that of Comparative Example 1. For this reason, when the wall surface material is provided with a recess, the rigidity of the wall surface material is improved as compared with the case where the wall surface material is provided with a burring hole. Therefore, even if a stiffener is not used for the bearing wall, at the final stage of the earthquake. It is presumed that the bearing capacity can be improved.

Although one embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above, and can be modified in various ways other than the above within a range not deviating from the gist thereof. Of course. For example, in the above-described embodiment, the wall surface material according to one embodiment of the present invention is used for the bearing wall, but it may also be used for a portion requiring in-plane rigidity such as a floor surface or a roof surface of a building. Good. Further, it may be used for a heat insulating sandwich panel or the like in which a heat insulating material is sandwiched between metal plates from both sides. When used for this heat insulating sandwich panel, for example, one or both metal plates may be used as the wall surface material.

20 Bearing wall 24 Vertical frame material (vertical material)
26 Vertical frame material (vertical material)
28 Vertical frame material (vertical material)
50 Wall material 50A General part 54 Recess 54A Wall 54B Bottom 54C Square 70 Bearing wall 72 Wall material 74 Recess 74A Wall 74B Bottom 74C Corner 80 Load-bearing wall 82 Wall material 84 Recess 84A Wall 84B Bottom 84C Wall 92 Wall material 94 Recess 94A Wall 94B Bottom 94C Corner 100 Load-bearing wall 102 Wall material 104 Recess 104A Wall 104B Bottom 104C Corner 110 Load-bearing wall 120 Load-bearing wall 122 Vertical material 124 Wall material SL Straight line D1 Center distance D2 Distance W1 Width of recess

Claims (8)

A pair of vertical members extending in the vertical direction,
A wall material joined to each of the pair of vertical members,
An annular wall portion formed in a row between the pair of vertical members of the wall surface material at intervals in the vertical direction and projecting in the plate thickness direction with respect to the general portion of the wall surface material, and a protrusion of the wall portion. A recess with a bottom that closes the end in the direction,
A bearing wall with. The bearing wall according to claim 1, wherein the shape and size of the recesses adjacent to each other in the vertical direction are the same when viewed from the plate thickness direction. The bearing wall according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the shape of the recess is circular when viewed from the plate thickness direction. When viewed from the plate thickness direction, the shape of the recess is a polygonal shape having an even number of corners.
The wall material is formed with the recesses symmetrical with respect to the straight line extending in the vertical direction and so that the vertices of the corners facing each other are located on the straight line. Or the bearing wall according to claim 2. The bearing wall according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the distance between the centers of the recesses adjacent to each other in the vertical direction is shorter than the horizontal distance between the joint points between the pair of vertical members and the wall surface member. .. The bearing wall according to claim 5, wherein the width of the recess along the horizontal direction is within the range of 30% to 80% of the horizontal distance between the joint points. The bearing wall according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the pair of vertical members are connected only by a pair of horizontal members at their upper end and lower end. A wall material that is joined to a pair of vertical members that extend in the vertical direction.
An annular wall portion formed in a row between the pair of vertical members of the wall surface material at intervals in the vertical direction and projecting in the plate thickness direction with respect to the general portion of the wall surface material, and a protrusion of the wall portion. A wall material comprising a recess, with a bottom that closes the end in the direction.