JP2020103134A - Plant cultivation system, plant cultivation method and program - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a plant cultivation system, a plant cultivation method and a program capable of adjusting a light radiated to plants, for covering shortage of sunlight in a light period of one day.SOLUTION: A plant cultivation system comprises: a light emission part 91 for radiating a first light for covering shortage of sunlight to a plant which is cultivated by application of sunlight; and a control part 140 for causing the light emission part 91 to radiate the first light for supplying a light, and if an amount of sunlight and the light from the light emission part 91 radiated to the plants exceeds a prescribed amount, reducing a light emission amount of the light emission part 91.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 6

Description

The present invention relates to a plant cultivation system, a plant cultivation method, and a program.

Conventionally, in plant cultivation in the form of utilizing sunlight, the effect of irradiating a plant with light other than sunlight is known (for example, refer to Patent Document 1). According to Patent Document 1, it is reported that when artificial light having a characteristic of a spectral distribution of light is used to irradiate the plant with the artificial light overnight, the vegetation of the plant is affected.

JP, 2017-77203, A

However, the growth of the plant may be unsatisfactory because the light of the light period is not satisfied by sunlight alone for the plant. For example, the state in which the light in the light period is not satisfied by sunlight alone includes insufficient sunshine duration and insufficient illuminance. It is difficult to improve these with the technique of Patent Document 1.

The problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a plant cultivation system, a plant cultivation method, and a program capable of adjusting the light applied to a plant so as to compensate for the lack of sunlight in the light period in one day. To provide.

(1) A plant cultivation system according to an aspect of the present invention includes a light emitting unit that emits first light for compensating for the shortage of the sunlight with respect to a plant that is cultivated by applying sunlight, and the light emitting unit that emits the first light. 1 light is emitted and supplemented, and the control part which reduces the light-emission quantity of the said light emission part, when the said sunlight and the light from the said light emission part with which the said plant is irradiated exceeds a predetermined amount. It is a plant cultivation system characterized by.

(2) In addition, the control unit controls in a long day lighting mode in which the light emitting unit irradiates the plant with the first light, the irradiation time of which is set to prolong the light period in one day. And a control in a dark period mode for generating a dark period in a time period different from the control in the long day lighting mode are provided in the one day to control the dormant state of the plant, and In the dark period mode, the light emitting unit is controlled so as to generate the dark period by reducing the illuminance of the light emitted from the light emitting unit to the illuminance in the long day lighting mode.

(3) Further, the light emitting unit irradiates the plant with the second light for increasing the illuminance in the light period and promoting the photosynthesis of the plant by the control of the control unit in the light period mode in the light period.

(4) Also, the illuminance of the first light by the light emitting unit is less than the illuminance of the second light.

(5) Moreover, the said light emission part is arrange|positioned at least on the cultivation floor of the said plant.

(6) Further, the light emitting unit is arranged below the leaves of the plant and radiates at least upward light.

(7) Moreover, the said control part adjusts the light emission amount of the said light emission part based on the latitude information of the position where the cultivation floor of the said plant was arrange|positioned.

(8) Further, the light emitting unit emits light, which complements light in a range where shade occurs in the plant, toward the plant.

(9) The plant cultivation method according to one aspect of the present invention is directed to a plant cultivated by applying sunlight to a plant cultivating a plant cultivation system that includes a light emitting unit that emits a first light for compensating for the lack of sunlight. A method for radiating the first light from the light emitting unit to supplement light, and when the sunlight and the light from the light emitting unit applied to the plant exceed a predetermined amount, the light emitted from the light emitting unit. Including the process of reducing the amount.

(10) The program according to one aspect of the present invention is directed to a computer of a plant cultivation system including a light emitting unit that emits first light for compensating for the lack of sunlight with respect to a plant that is cultivated by shining sunlight. When the sunlight emitted to the plant is supplemented by emitting the first light from the light emitting unit, and the amount of light emitted from the light emitting unit and the sunlight applied to the plant exceeds a predetermined amount, a step of reducing the light emission amount of the light emitting unit is performed. It is a program to be executed.

ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the plant cultivation system which can adjust the light with which a plant is irradiated so that the lack of sunlight in the light period in a day may be provided, the plant cultivation method, and a program can be provided.

It is a figure for demonstrating the plant cultivation system which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is an elevation view of the plant cultivation system shown in FIG. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the cultivation floor circumference which applied the local division part which concerns on embodiment. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the cultivation floor circumference which applied the local division part which concerns on embodiment. It is a block diagram of the lamp 91 of embodiment. It is sectional drawing of the lamp 91 of embodiment. It is a block diagram of the plant cultivation system which concerns on embodiment. It is a flow chart which shows an example of the procedure of cultivation environment control concerning an embodiment. It is a flow chart which shows an example of the procedure of cultivation environment control concerning the 1st modification of a 1st embodiment. It is a flow chart which shows an example of the procedure of cultivation environment control concerning the 2nd modification of a 1st embodiment. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the cultivation floor circumference which applied the local division part which concerns on 2nd Embodiment. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the cultivation floor circumference which applied the local division part which concerns on 2nd Embodiment.

Hereinafter, a plant cultivation system, a plant cultivation method, and a program of an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In addition, the "cultivation bed" in the embodiment includes a "cultivation tank" or a "cultivation bed" in which any one of a soil, a medium, and a nutrient solution for cultivating a plant is stored. The term "cultivation floor" as used herein means one that is placed at a position higher than the ground.

(First embodiment)
FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining a plant cultivation system according to a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is an elevational view of the plant cultivation system viewed from the AA′ surface side of FIG. 1. Drawing 3A and Drawing 3B are explanatory views for explaining the circumference of a cultivation floor to which a local division part concerning an embodiment is applied. The cross-sectional view shown in FIG. 3A shows a local section of the BB′ cross section shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. The plan view shown in FIG. 3B is a plan view of the cultivation floor provided in one local compartment from the top. The same symbols are attached to the same components.

[Cultivation environment]
-Cultivation Facility The plant cultivation system 1 of the embodiment controls cultivation of the plant 3 in the cultivation facility 2. The cultivation facility 2 is also called an agricultural house or the like, and includes all greenhouse structures used for cultivating the plant 3, such as a dome-shaped one made of a resin sheet such as a vinyl sheet, a house framed with glass or the like. Be done. The cultivation facility 2 may be double-layered with a resin sheet, glass, or the like in order to have a heat insulating effect when there is a temperature difference between the inside and the outside.
A cultivation floor 4 for cultivating the plant 3 is arranged in the planting area inside thereof. In the planting area, in addition to the cultivating floor 4, a worker uses the cultivating floor 4 to cultivate the plants 3, a passage for carrying in materials, transporting harvested products, and the like. Spaces and the like may be included.
For example, the cultivation facility 2 enables the cultivation of the plant 3 inside the cultivation facility 2 by using natural light (sunlight SL). In addition, in the cultivation facility 2, a supplementary light source for supplementing the amount of sunlight is provided inside the cultivation facility 2.

The cultivation facility 2 shown in FIG. 1 has side wall portions 21, 22, 23, 24 and a roof portion 25. When the side walls 21, 22, 23, and 24 are collectively shown, they may be referred to as the side wall 20.
The cultivation facility 2 has an opening whose opening can be adjusted, such as the side wall 20. By adjusting the opening of the opening, it is possible to prevent the planting area from becoming excessively hot. The roof portion 25 is also formed of a member that is transparent to natural light.

-Local division part surrounding the cultivation floor 4 The local division part 5 surrounds the cultivation floor 4 of the plant 3 provided inside the cultivation facility 2 and forms a local division for cultivating the plant 3 therein. The local partition part 5 includes a bottom part 51 and local partition walls 52 and 53 having a height determined based on the height of the plant 3. The local partition portion 5 is formed in a container shape by the bottom portion 51 and the local partition walls such as the local partition walls 52 and 53. In addition, the bottom part 51 may be arrange|positioned according to the height of the cultivation floor 4 in part or all.

The local compartment 5 is provided with a movable lid 54 that closes the upper part of the local compartment where the cultivation floor 4 is arranged. For example, the local partition 5 is formed of a film-shaped member that transmits a part of the light with which the local partition 5 is irradiated. Various sensors (not shown) for detecting the inside of the cultivation facility 2 are provided inside or outside the local compartment 5.

The soil 41 for cultivating the plant 3 is provided on the cultivation floor 4. On the soil 41 of the cultivating floor 4, a lamp 91 of the lighting equipment 9 described below and an irrigation pipe 42 used for irrigation are provided. For example, the extending directions of the lamp 91 and the irrigation pipe 42 coincide with the extending direction of the cultivation floor 4.

A lamp 91 of the embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5.
FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram of the lamp 91 of the embodiment. FIG. 5: is sectional drawing of the lamp 91 of embodiment. The lamp 91 shown in FIG. 4 includes a light emitting body 91L that serves as a light source and a support body 91B that holds the light emitting body.

Type of light emitter (light source):
As the light emitting body 91L, a light source having a relatively high energy conversion efficiency during irradiation is adopted. For example, the light emitting body 91L is an LED (light emitting diode). The LED has a relatively high energy conversion efficiency and does not generate heat as the temperature around the plant 3 increases.

Support shape:
As shown in FIG. 4, a plurality of light emitting members 91L are provided on the tape-shaped support member 91B. For example, the first surface of the support 91B is the light emitting surface FA, and the second surface that is the back surface of the first surface is the substrate surface FB. A plurality of light emitting bodies 91L are provided on the light emitting surface FA in a state capable of irradiating light to the outside. At least the light emitting surface FA emits the light from the light emitting body 91L. The plurality of light emitting members 91L are arranged at a desired density with a predetermined interval in the tape-shaped stretching direction.

The light emitting surface FA may be partially or entirely covered with a protection member 91C that protects the light emitting body 91L. The protection member 91C may be formed, for example, as at least a part of the light emitting surface FA. The protection member 91C in the cross section (C-C') orthogonal to the extending direction of the support body 91B has, for example, one surface formed in a dome shape (kamaboko shape) as shown in FIG. The protection member 91C prevents the moisture or components thereof from directly contacting the light emitter 91L and its wiring when spraying irrigation water, nutrient solution, pesticide, or the like. For example, the protection member 91C is made of resin such as silicon. In the cross-sectional view shown in FIG. 5, detailed description of the support 91B portion is omitted. At least one pair of conductors is provided in a part of the support body 91B so as to connect the light emitting body 91L. The position where the wiring is arranged in the support 91B can be appropriately determined.

Light distribution characteristics of installed light:
For example, when the support 91B is formed in a tape shape, it is easy to distinguish the light emitting surface FA and the substrate surface FB. Further, if the support 91B (tape) is installed without twisting so that the light emitting surface FA faces upward, the light emitting surface FA does not face other than upward during the process.

When the light is diffused on the light emitting surface FA of the lamp 91, it is assumed that the center of the light diffusing direction coincides with the direction of the normal line of the light emitting surface FA. If the light emitting surface FA is directed upward as described above, the center of the light diffusion direction will be directed substantially upward.

As shown in the cross-sectional view of FIG. 5 described above, the light distribution characteristics of light with respect to the optical axis are adjusted so that the optical axis of each light emitting body is substantially symmetrical.

Electrical connection:
For example, the tape type lamp 91 includes a connection terminal CNA and a connection terminal CNB capable of supplying power at both ends of the support body 91B in the extending direction. For example, by supplying power to the connection terminal CNA, the light emitting body 91L emits light. By using the connection terminal CNA and the connection terminal CNB, the two lamps 91 can be sequentially connected. For example, the connection terminal CNB of the first lamp 91 and the connection terminal CNA of the second lamp 91 are electrically connected. As a result, by supplying power to the connection terminal CNA of the first lamp 91, it is possible to supply power to both the first lamp 91 and the second lamp 91, and by supplying the power, the first lamp 91 can be supplied. Both the lamp 91 and the second lamp 91 emit light. Note that the number of lamps 91 that sequentially connect the plurality of lamps 91 is not limited to two. Furthermore, by connecting the lamps 91 in series, it is possible to supply power to three or more lamps 91. The maximum number that can be connected in series is limited by the electrical specifications of the lamp 91.

Lighting equipment setup:
Since the support 91</b>B of the lamp 91 is formed in a tape shape, the lamp 91 can be rolled up and stored when stored. When the lamp 91 is set up as lighting equipment, the lamp 91 is appropriately unwound from the wound state and placed at a predetermined position on the cultivation floor 4. For example, the lamp 91 is arranged on the cultivation floor 4 such that the tape-shaped stretching direction matches the stretching direction of the cultivation floor 4.

For example, it is assumed that the length of one lamp 91 in the extending direction is 5 m (meter). In this case, if the six lamps 91 are arranged in series in the extending direction of the cultivation floor 4, the lamps 91 can be arranged in a range of 30 m. In this way, by limiting the length of the lamp 91 in the extending direction to a predetermined length, it is possible to reduce the labor at the time of construction and at the time of removal.

FIG. 6 is a configuration diagram of the plant cultivation system according to the embodiment.
The plant cultivation system 1 includes a cultivation environment control device 100, a lighting facility 9, and an illuminance sensor 95. At least the lighting equipment 9 is connected to the cultivation environment control device 100 as a control target.

The illuminance sensor 95 is provided relatively close to the local partition 5 and at a position higher than the upper ends of the local partition walls 52, 53, etc. of the local partition 5, and the illuminance of the local partition 5 (LH ) Is detected.

The cultivation environment control device 100 includes an IF unit 110, a communication unit 120, a storage unit 130, and a control unit 140.

For example, the cultivation environment control device 100 includes a storage device (storage unit 130) such as a RAM (Random Access Memory) and a ROM (Read only memory), an input/output device, and an interface unit (IF unit 110, communication unit 120). It may be a so-called computer including a processor (control unit 140) that executes a software program.

The IF unit 110 is connected to the lighting device 9 which is an external device of the cultivation environment control device 100. The IF unit 110 acquires information from each external device, writes the information in the storage unit 130, and supplies control information for each external device under the control of the control unit 140. Various sensors such as the illuminance sensor 95 and the IF unit 110, and the lighting device 9 and the IF unit 110 are communicably connected by either wired communication or wireless communication.

Under the control of the control unit 140, the communication unit 120 communicates with a server device or a terminal device that is an external device of the cultivation environment control device 100. For example, a smart phone, a tablet device, a personal computer, etc. are examples of terminal devices.

The storage unit 130 stores information about various equipments provided in the cultivation facility 2, information collected from various equipments, threshold information used for control, information such as control status. The information on various equipment includes information on various equipment including the lighting device 9 and the like, and information such as brightness (illuminance (LH) and solar radiation amount) detected by the illuminance sensor 95. Further, the storage unit 130 has, in addition to the above detection results, determination threshold values used for various processes, changes in the situation inside and outside the cultivation facility 2, and time history information that stores the history of controlling each of the above facilities. The unit 130 stores the control history information in association with the controlled time.

The control unit 140 controls various equipments provided in the cultivation facility 2 based on information collected from various equipments according to a predetermined cultivation plan.

For example, the lighting device 9 includes a lamp 91, a lamp 92, and a lighting controller 93. The illumination control unit 93 is instructed by the control unit 140 about the information about the switching time of turning on and off and the information about the current brightness. The lighting control unit 93 controls the lighting of the lamp 91 and the lamp 92 according to the information about the instructed time, and adjusts the light. The light emitted by the lamps 91 and 92 is preferably, for example, light close to natural light, light quality with good color rendering properties, white light (daylight work, neutral white), and the like. In other words, as the lamps 91 and 92, those capable of irradiating light with a light quality close to that of the sunlight SL are more suitable than those irradiating with visible light, ultraviolet rays, infrared rays, etc. having a specific wavelength. A more specific case of the lamp 91 will be described later. In the following description of this embodiment, the detailed description of the lamp 92 will be omitted. The detailed description of the lamp 92 is according to the second embodiment. The function of the illumination control unit 93 may be replaced by the control unit 140 shown below.

The control unit 140 controls the lighting control unit 93 to turn on the lamp 91 at the time determined to compensate for the lack of the amount of solar radiation and the sunshine duration. The control unit 140 may control the lighting control unit 93 so as to dimm the lamp 91 based on the illuminance (LH). The control unit 140 supplies the lighting device 9 with information regarding the brightness detected by the illuminance sensor 95.

For example, in the process of cultivating the plant 3, the plant cultivation system 1 controls the growth of the plant 3 to a desired state by controlling the lack of the amount of light by the sunlight SL to be supplemented by the irradiation of artificial light. Adjust to. Note that the amount of sunlight SL is defined by the amount of solar radiation (illuminance), the duration of sunshine, and the like. The plant cultivation system 1 has a plurality of control modes for adjusting the growth of the plant 3. For example, the plurality of control modes include “light period mode”, “long day lighting mode”, “dark period mode”, and the like.

The “light period mode” is a control mode in which irradiation with artificial light (second artificial light) is performed from sunrise to sunset (light period). The "light period mode" is mainly used to adjust the lack of illuminance as the amount of light in the light period.

The “long day lighting mode” is a control mode in which irradiation of artificial light (first artificial light) is started at least at a predetermined time before sunrise and the artificial light is irradiated before sunrise. Furthermore, the control in which the artificial light (first artificial light) is emitted after the sunset until the predetermined time after the sunset is included in the "long day lighting mode" may be included. This makes it possible to extend the light period by irradiating artificial light when the sunshine duration due to sunlight is insufficient. Note that the “long day lighting mode” of the embodiment does not include the case of performing artificial light irradiation from sunset to sunrise. Such processing in the "long day lighting mode" may be referred to as "long day supplementary light", "long day processing", and the like.

The "dark period mode" is a control mode selected from sunset to sunrise. For example, a dark period can be provided in the growing environment of the plant 3 by not irradiating light with artificial light during a period in which the “long day lighting mode” is not selected. In the “dark period mode”, the illuminance due to the artificial light with which the plant 3 is irradiated is made lower than that in the “long day lighting mode”. For example, the dark period may be generated by interrupting the irradiation of artificial light.

[About action]
Hereinafter, various controls for supplementing the amount of light by the cultivation environment control device 100 will be sequentially described. The control unit 140 adjusts the irradiation amount of the lamp 91 and the lighting period of the lamp 91 according to the physiology of the plant 3 so as to obtain a desired harvest, and controls the lighting state of the lamp 91.

(Complementary light for photosynthesis)
In the case of the solar-powered plant cultivation system 1, the plants 3 generally perform photosynthesis by sunshine from sunrise to sunset. However, even if it is sunny, the sunlight SL does not reach all the leaves of the plant 3. For example, the amount of light reaching the second leaf behind the first leaf of the plant 3 is limited by being blocked by the first leaf. In other words, the amount of solar radiation that the leaves of the plant 3 substantially irradiate with respect to the amount of light that the leaves of the plant 3 can receive is limited by its own leaves. If the influence of such a shadow can be reduced, it becomes possible to increase the amount of light available for growing the plant 3.

At least, the sunlight SL reaches the plant 3 from above or laterally of the plant 3. Therefore, the back side of the leaf of the plant 3 is at least the shade of the leaf. If there is supplemental light from the lower side of the plant 3, the illuminance can be increased by the light emitted to the back side of the leaf, the shaded leaf, and the like. In the present embodiment, the lamp 91 is arranged on the cultivation floor 4 to supplement light from the lower side of the plant 3. The supplemental light for this photosynthesis is carried out, for example, by selecting the above-mentioned “light period mode”.

(Supplementary light for controlling dormancy)
The diapause of the plant 3 means that the growth of the plant 3 is stopped at a time when the growth of the plant 3 is not suitable, such as in winter. For example, especially in winter, the sunshine duration becomes shorter and the amount of light reaching the plant 3 decreases. Under such a condition, a specific plant enters a dormant state. When the plant 3 is in the dormant state, even if the individual grows (vegetative growth), it may not shift to the stage of growth (reproductive growth) for leaving offspring of the individual. The light that a plant receives in a day is related to its exit from dormancy. Breaking dormancy means that a plant comes out of dormancy. Entering a dormant state in a plant is called dormant plunge. It is called avoiding dormancy entry to keep the plant awake and prevent the plant from entering dormancy. The control of the dormant state includes dormancy breaking and dormant rush avoidance. In the embodiment, the dormant state of the plant 3 is controlled by supplementing light.

For example, strawberries awaken from the dormant state when exposed to light with an illuminance higher than several hundred lux. In order to produce strawberries for a relatively long period of time, it is advisable to control the dormancy state so that vegetative growth and reproductive growth simultaneously proceed in individual individuals. The supplementary light for controlling the sleep state is implemented, for example, by the above-mentioned “long day lighting mode”.

For example, by irradiating the target plant 3 with artificial light having a predetermined amount of illuminance at the time of dawn or the like, the plant 3 is irradiated with light having a predetermined amount of illuminance or earlier from a time earlier than the actual sunrise time. Will receive. The plant 3 responds to this by assuming that the sunshine duration of the day is longer. For example, it is known that in the case of plants whose growth is restrained in winter, the growth is activated by increasing the sunshine duration of one day.

Therefore, in the cultivation facility 2 of the embodiment, the plant 3 artificially senses that the sunshine duration per day has become longer, and the plant 3 is controlled so as to exit from the dormant state.

For example, the lighting time of the lighting equipment 9 is determined to be longer than the time required to simultaneously achieve dormancy break and dormancy rush avoidance of the plant 3. In the lighting period from the lighting start time ton of the lighting equipment 9 to the extinction time toff, the cultivation facility 2 lights the lighting equipment 9. For example, the turn-on start time ton is 6:00 am and the turn-off time toff is 6:30 pm. In winter, 6am is before sunrise and 6:30pm is after sunset.

During the period from the turn-off time toff to the turn-on start time ton (night), the cultivation facility 2 turns off the lighting equipment 9 and provides a time period in which the positive irradiation of the plant 3 with light is restricted. As a result, the dormancy of the plant 3 and the avoidance of the dormancy are simultaneously realized without applying excessive stress to the plant 3 due to light irradiation.

As described above, by adjusting the lighting time of the lighting equipment 9, by controlling the dormant state in which the sunshine duration is artificially lengthened to suit the physiology of the plant 3, the dormancy of the plant 3 and the dormancy rush avoidance can be performed. It can be realized at the same time.

FIG. 7: is a flowchart which shows an example of the procedure of cultivation environment control which concerns on embodiment.
First, the control unit 140 determines whether or not it is an effective date that requires the cultivation environment control to be performed (SA5), and if it is not the effective date, the following will be performed without performing the cultivation environment control on that day. A series of processing ends.

If it is an effective date, the control unit 140 determines whether or not the time t has reached the lighting start time ton (SA10), and repeats the determination of SA10 until the time t reaches the lighting start time ton. For example, this determination may be performed in a predetermined cycle, and may be replaced with an interrupt process when the time t reaches the lighting start time ton.

Next, when the time t reaches the lighting start time ton (SA10: Yes), the control unit 140 lights the lighting equipment 9 (SA20).

Next, the control unit 140 determines whether or not the time t has reached the turn-off time toff (SA30), and the determination of SA30 is periodically repeated until the time t reaches the turn-off time toff. For example, this determination may be performed in a predetermined cycle, and may be replaced with interrupt processing when the time t reaches the turn-off time toff.

Next, when the time t reaches the turn-off time toff (SA30: Yes), the control unit 140 turns off the lighting equipment 9 (SA40).

The control unit 140, for example, repeats the above process on the date determined to be the effective date. The date determined to be effective is defined as every day, consecutive days within a specific growth stage, and consecutive days within a predetermined period.

According to the above-described embodiment, the lamp 91 (light emitting unit) emits the first artificial light (first light) for compensating for the lack of the sunlight SL to the plant 3 that is cultivated by applying the sunlight SL. .. The control unit 140 emits the first artificial light from the lamp 91 to supplement the light, and emits the light from the lamp 91 when the sunlight SL with which the plant 3 is irradiated and the first artificial light from the lamp 91 exceed a predetermined amount. By reducing the amount, the plant cultivation system 1 can adjust the light applied to the plants so as to compensate for the lack of light in the light period in one day.

Further, the lamp 91 (light emitting unit) emits light to the plant 3 that grows by photosynthesis by the sunlight SL. The control unit 140 irradiates the plant 3 with the first artificial light (first light) whose irradiation time period is determined so as to prolong the light period in one day so that the plant 3 does not sleep. The lamp 91 is controlled such that the control in the long day lighting mode and the control in the dark period mode for generating a dark period in a time zone different from the control in the long day lighting mode are provided in one day. Then, the irradiation time of light is lengthened so as to lengthen the light period in one day, and a desired amount of light required for growing the plant 3 can be obtained.

Further, the lamp 91 may irradiate the plant 3 with the second artificial light (second light) for increasing the illuminance in the light period and promoting the photosynthesis of the plant 3 under the control of the control unit 140. The above-mentioned second artificial light (second light) is, for example, light that the control unit 140 emits in the light period mode. Thereby, the illuminance in the light period can be increased with respect to the illuminance when only sunlight is used.

Further, the lamp 91 may be arranged at least on the cultivation floor 4 of the plant 3. For example, if the lamp 91 is arranged below the leaves of the plant 3, it can efficiently irradiate the plant 3 with light by emitting at least upward light.

In the comparative example, there is a form in which light is supplemented from above the plant. Also in this case, comparing the first leaf where the sunlight SL shines better and the second leaf which is the shade of the first leaf, there is not much difference from the case of the sunlight SL, and it is difficult for light to reach the second leaf. There is no change.

On the other hand, in the embodiment, the plant 3 is supplementarily irradiated with the first artificial light and the second artificial light so that more light is applied to the leaves that are more likely to be shaded by the sunlight SL. Thus, the plant 3 can be irradiated with light more efficiently.

(First Modification of First Embodiment)
A first modification of the first embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.
Even if the plant 3 is irradiated with light having a brightness (illuminance) exceeding a predetermined amount, photosynthesis may not be promoted. The predetermined amount depends on the type of plant 3. In this modification, an example will be described in which, when the brightness (illuminance) by the sunlight SL exceeds a predetermined value, the supplementary light by the lighting equipment 9 is controlled to be interrupted or dimmed. In the following description, the illuminance is used as an index indicating brightness, but the index is not limited to this.

FIG. 8: is a flowchart which shows an example of the procedure of the cultivation environment control which concerns on the 1st modification of 1st Embodiment.

First, the control unit 140 determines whether or not it is an effective date that requires the cultivation environment control to be performed (SA5), and if it is not the effective date, the following will be performed without performing the cultivation environment control on that day. A series of processing ends.

If it is an effective date, the control unit 140 determines whether or not the time t has reached the lighting start time ton (SA10), and repeats the determination of SA10 until the time t reaches the lighting start time ton.

Next, when the time t reaches the lighting start time ton (SA10: Yes), the control unit 140 lights the lighting equipment 9 (SA20).

Next, the control unit 140 determines whether the illuminance (lux) detected by the illuminance sensor 95 exceeds the first illuminance value (SA22). When the illuminance exceeds the first illuminance value (SA22: Yes), the control unit 140 turns off the lighting equipment 9 (SA24). For example, the first illuminance value is determined based on the illuminance at which photosynthesis cannot be promoted even when the plant 3 is irradiated with light having an illuminance exceeding a predetermined amount.

Next, the control unit 140 determines whether the illuminance detected by the illuminance sensor 95 has dropped below the second illuminance value (SA26), and repeats the determination of SA26 until the illuminance falls below the second illuminance value. The second illuminance value is determined in association with the first illuminance value, and is set to the same value as the first illuminance value or a value slightly smaller than the first illuminance value. By setting the value to be slightly smaller than the first illuminance value, hysteresis is provided as a criterion for determination.

When the illuminance is lower than the second illuminance value (SA26: Yes), the control unit 140 advances the process to SA20 to turn on the lighting equipment 9 again.

When the illuminance does not exceed the first illuminance value (SA22: No), the control unit 140 advances the processing to SA30A.

Next, the control unit 140 determines whether or not the time t has reached the extinction time toff (SA30A), and proceeds to the processing of SA22 until the time t reaches the extinction time toff.

Next, when the time t reaches the turn-off time toff (SA30A: Yes), the control unit 140 turns off the lighting equipment 9 (SA40), and ends the control for one day shown in the figure.

According to the above-described first modified example, the control unit 140 may reduce the light emitted from the lamp 91 to the plant 3 when the illuminance of the light emitted to the plant 3 exceeds a predetermined amount. For example, the illumination facility 9 can be turned off when the illuminance by the sunlight SL is sufficient during the daytime. By turning off the lighting equipment 9 in this manner, it is possible to reduce energy loss required for growing the plant 3.

The above illuminance sensor 95 may be replaced with a solar radiation intensity sensor, a photon sensor, or the like. The solar radiation intensity sensor uses the solar radiation intensity (kilojoule, etc.) as a measurement value. The photon sensor uses photon intensity (mol/unit area/second etc.) as a measurement value.

(Second Modification of First Embodiment)
A second modification of the first embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.
Some plants 3 can grow the plants 3 more efficiently by making the amount of light in the "light period mode" and the amount of light in the "long day lighting mode" different from each other. In this modification, an example will be described in which the amount of artificial light in the "light period mode" and the amount of artificial light in the "long day lighting mode" are set to different values.

Among the lighting periods of the above-described lamp 91, the period from the lighting start time ton to the time t1 and the period from the time t2 to the light-off time toff are sunrise in order to simultaneously achieve dormancy break and dormancy rush avoidance of the plant 3. It will light up to compensate for the amount of light before and after sunset. For example, the time t1 is 7:30 am and the time t2 is 4:30 pm. Further, in the above lighting period, the period from time t1 to time t2 is a period for lighting for supplementing the amount of light for promoting the photosynthesis of the plant 3. Note that the specific times of the above-mentioned lighting start time ton, extinguishing time toff, time t1, and time t2 are merely examples, and are not limited to these and can be changed. For example, these times may be changed depending on the position (latitude/longitude) of the cultivation facility 2.

As described above, by adjusting the lighting time and lighting conditions of the lighting equipment 9, the sunshine duration is artificially lengthened so as to match the physiology of the plant 3, and the dormancy break of the plant 3 and the dormancy rush avoidance are simultaneously performed. Can be realized.

In winter, the altitude of the sun is low even during the daytime and the amount of sunshine is smaller than in other seasons. As described above, by lighting the lighting equipment 9 in the period from the time t1 to the time t2, it becomes possible to accelerate the photosynthesis by supplementing the amount of light during the day.

FIG. 9: is a flowchart which shows an example of the procedure of cultivation environment control which concerns on the 2nd modification of 1st Embodiment.
First, the control unit 140 determines whether or not it is an effective date that requires the cultivation environment control to be performed (SA5), and if it is not the effective date, the following will be performed without performing the cultivation environment control on that day. A series of processing ends.

If it is an effective date, the control unit 140 determines whether or not the time t has reached the lighting start time ton (SA10), and repeats the determination of SA10 until the time t reaches the lighting start time ton.

Next, when the time t reaches the lighting start time ton (SA10: Yes), the control unit 140 lights the lighting equipment 9 under the lighting condition of the long day lighting mode (SA12).

Next, the control unit 140 determines whether or not the time t has reached the time t1 (SA14), and repeats the determination of SA14 until the time t reaches the time t1.

Next, when the time t reaches the time t1 (SA14: Yes), the control unit 140 lights the lighting equipment 9 under the lighting condition of the light period lighting mode (SA20A).

Next, the control unit 140 determines whether the illuminance exceeds the first illuminance value (SA22). When the illuminance exceeds the first illuminance value (SA22: Yes), the control unit 140 turns off the lighting equipment 9 (SA24).

Next, the control unit 140 determines whether the illuminance is lower than the second illuminance value (SA26), and repeats the determination of SA26 until the illuminance is lower than the second illuminance value.

When the illuminance is lower than the second illuminance value (SA26: Yes), the control unit 140 advances the processing to SA20A to turn on the lighting equipment 9 again under the lighting condition of the light period lighting mode.

Next, when the illuminance does not exceed the first illuminance value (SA22: No), the control unit 140 advances the processing to SA28.

Next, the control unit 140 determines whether or not the time t has reached the time t2 (SA28), and performs the determination of SA22 until the time t reaches the time t2.

When the time t reaches the time t2, the control unit 140 lights the lighting equipment 9 under the lighting condition of the third mode (SA29).

Next, the control unit 140 determines whether or not the time t has reached the turn-off time toff (SA30B), and performs the determination of SA30B until the time t reaches the turn-off time toff.

Next, when the time t reaches the turn-off time toff (SA30B: Yes), the control unit 140 turns off the lighting equipment 9 (SA40).

According to the second modified example described above, by having the long day lighting mode and the light period lighting mode as the lighting modes (lighting conditions) of the lighting equipment 9, the sunrise time zone and the sunset time zone , And the lighting condition of the lighting equipment 9 in each time zone of the daytime can be changed.

Further, the amount of the first light emitted by the lamp 91 in the long day lighting mode may be smaller than the amount of the second light emitted in the bright lighting mode. According to this, for example, it is possible to set the illuminance during the sunrise time period and the sunset time period to be smaller than the illuminance during the daytime time period.

(Second embodiment)
The local partition section according to the second embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. 8 and FIGS. 10A and 10B described above.
Drawing 10A and Drawing 10B are explanatory views for explaining the cultivation floor circumference which applied the local division part concerning an embodiment. The cross-sectional view shown in FIG. 10A shows a local section of the BB′ cross section shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. The plan view shown in FIG. 10B is a plan view of the cultivation floor provided in one local compartment, viewed from above.

The local compartment 5A is provided with a lamp 92 in addition to the lamp 91.

The lamp 92 will be described. The lamp 92 includes a light emitting body such as an LED like the lamp 91. The shape of the lamp 92 may be different from the shape of the lamp 91 as described above. For example, in the case of a rod-shaped lamp 92 having a length of about 1 meter, it is possible to obtain several hundred lux as the illuminance of a surface that is separated from the lamp 92 by about 1 meter in the light emission direction. This level of illuminance can be less than tens of watts of power consumption.

The lamp 92 is turned on when power is supplied from the outside, and is turned off when power is cut off. For example, if a power supply system is provided for each lamp 92, it is possible to switch between lighting and extinguishing for each lamp 92 by power supply control from the control unit 140.

The lamp 92 is locked to the local partition wall 52 of the local partition portion 5A. As shown in the cross-sectional view of FIG. 10A, the positions where the lamps 92 are provided in the local compartment 5A are arranged so as to be asymmetric with respect to the cultivation floor 4. For example, as shown in the cross-sectional view of FIG. 10A, the cultivation floor 4 is located in the central portion within the local partition portion 5A, and the local partition wall 52 and the local partition wall 53 form a central center line within the local partition portion 5A. They are arranged substantially symmetrically with respect to the reference. However, the lamp 92 is arranged on the local partition wall 52 side of the local partition portion 5A, but not on the local partition wall 53 side.

By arranging the cultivation floor 4 in the local compartment 5A and arranging the lamps 92 asymmetrically as described above, the following irradiation can be performed.

For example, it is assumed that the extension direction of the cultivation floor 4 is arranged in north and south. In this case, the local partition wall 52 is on the west side of the cultivation floor 4, and the local partition wall 53 is on the east side of the cultivation floor 4. By arranging the lamps 92 in this way, the lamps 92 do not block the sunlight SL shining into the local compartments 5A during the sunrise. Even if the lamps 92 are provided in the same arrangement in the adjacent local compartment 5A, since the distance from the cultivation floor 4 to the lamp 92 in the adjacent local compartment 5A is sufficiently secured, the plant 3 is It is difficult for the lamp 92 of the adjacent local partition 5A to be shaded.

Moreover, since the sunlight SL in the sunrise time zone radiates from the east side local partition wall 53 side, the sunlight SL is shaded on the west side of the plant 3, that is, on the local partition wall 52 side. Since the amount of light reaching the leaf of the shaded plant 3 is smaller than the amount of light reaching the leaf on the east side of the plant 3, the light may not reach the plant 3 sufficiently. ..

Therefore, the plant cultivation system 1 enables the plant 3 to receive light having a desired illuminance by turning on the lamp 92 to increase the amount of light reaching the plant 3. As a result, it is possible to reduce the influence of the shade SL of the plant 3 caused by the sunlight SL as described above.

The height at which the lamp 92 is arranged is determined by the height of the cultivation floor 4 and the height of the plant 3. For example, the height of the top of the plant 3 that has grown and the height at which the lamp 92 is arranged are set to be the same. By arranging the lamps 92 at such a height, it becomes possible to irradiate the plant 3 with light from a position higher than the plant 3. For example, the amount of light reaching the plant 3 can be increased by turning on the light in combination with the turning on of the lamp 91 described above. By providing the lamp 91 and the lamp 92 together, the effect of light irradiation can be enhanced as compared to the case where the lamp 92 is not provided and the case where only the lamp 91 is provided.

The control unit 140 controls the lighting of the lamp 92, for example, according to the procedure of the process illustrated in FIG. 8.
The control unit 140 controls the lamp 92 to be lit in both the long day lighting mode and the bright period lighting mode. However, when the illuminance exceeds the predetermined amount, the control unit 140 does not significantly increase the photosynthesis even if the light is further enhanced. You should limit it. This processing corresponds to the processing from step SA20 to step SA26.

The present embodiment exemplifies a case in which supplementary light is intensively performed in the morning.
As described above, the cultivation facility 2 lights the lighting equipment 9 during the lighting period from the lighting start time ton to the extinction time toff. Here, the lighting start time ton and the extinction time toff are set to different values from the above-mentioned times. For example, the turn-on start time ton is 7:00 am and the turn-off time toff is noon.

For example, when the plant 3 is strawberry, the first illuminance value is set to 20000 lux. This value may be determined in correspondence with the value of the “light saturation point” defined in association with the type of plant 3. The “light saturation point” is the amount of light (illuminance) at which the product of photosynthesis does not increase even if the amount of light received by the plant 3 is increased. From the viewpoint of economy, when the illuminance detected by the illuminance sensor 95 exceeds the value of the “light saturation point” of the plant 3, the supplementary light is stopped.

According to the above-described embodiment, in addition to achieving the same effect as that of the first embodiment, the lighting device 92 uses the light from the bottom of the plant 3 to supplement the amount of light in the range in which the plant 3 is shaded by sunlight. Radiates toward the plant 3. In addition, the lamp 92 emits light, which supplements the amount of light in the range where shade occurs in the plant 3 due to sunlight, toward the plant 3 from above or from the side of the plant 3. As a result, the plant cultivation system 1 can increase the amount of light in the morning when photosynthesis is actively performed in one day, as compared with the case where the lamp 91 is used alone.

Note that the sunshine hours change depending on the season. Especially in winter, the sunshine duration is shortened, so that in the case of the plant cultivation system 1 cultivated by natural light, the growth amount of the plants 3 per day is reduced.

(Third Embodiment)
The plant cultivation system 1 of the third embodiment will be described. As described above, the sunrise and sunset times differ depending on the position of the cultivation facility 2. An example of reducing the influence of the change in sunshine duration due to this will be described.

For example, the sunshine duration changes depending on the latitude and longitude. Comparing the sunshine hours on the same day at different latitudes, the higher the latitude (that is, the location in the north), the shorter the sunshine hours. Therefore, in the case of the cultivation facility 2 (plant cultivation system 1) that cultivates by natural light in a region with a high latitude, the growth amount of the plant 3 per day is lower than that of the cultivation facility 2 in a region with a low latitude.

Further, comparing the sunrise and sunset times on the same day at points having different longitudes, the sunrise and sunset times are earlier at points with larger longitudes (that is, located in the east). Therefore, it is advisable to adjust the time set in the plant cultivation system 1 according to the longitude.

The control unit 140 adjusts the light emission amount of the lamp 91 and the time for controlling lighting and extinction to a desired value based on the latitude and longitude information of the position where the cultivation facility 2 (or the cultivation floor 4) is arranged. May be. For example, the control unit 140 derives the daily sunshine time and the sunshine amount at the position of the cultivation facility 2 based on the latitude information of the position where the cultivation facility 2 (or the cultivation floor 4) is arranged. The control unit 140 may correct the time for lighting the lighting equipment 2 from the standard value by a predetermined amount based on the derived result.

According to the above-described embodiment, in addition to achieving the same effect as in the first embodiment, the control unit 140 acquires the latitude information of the position where the cultivation floor 4 is arranged, and based on the latitude information. By adjusting the light emission amount of the lamp 91, it is possible to adjust the time value used for the control determination based on the latitude information.

Upon receiving the above notification, the plant cultivation system 1 changes information such as variables and thresholds for various controls so that the control at a desired time is optimized.

The control unit 140 implements desired control based on, for example, information such as variables and thresholds for various controls changed as described above.

According to the above-described embodiment, in addition to the same effect as the first embodiment, when performing various controls based on the detected state, control conditions that depend on changes in the local environment Can be reflected in the determination of the control, etc., and it becomes possible to make the control for each individual cultivation facility 2 more suitable and implement it.
Furthermore, the sunshine duration information may be extracted based on the latitude and longitude calculated from the position information, and information such as variables and thresholds for various controls may be changed.

The above description exemplifies the case in Japan where the longitude value is the east longitude value. In countries where the longitude value takes the value of the west longitude, the tendency of the changes in sunrise and sunset times depending on the longitude is opposite to the above explanation.

It should be noted that the program for implementing the plant cultivation system 1 is recorded in a computer-readable recording medium, and the program recorded in this recording medium is read into the computer system and executed, so that the cultivation environment control device 100 can perform predetermined operations. The processing operation may be performed. The “computer system” mentioned here includes an OS and hardware such as peripheral devices. The "computer system" also includes a WWW system having a homepage providing environment (or display environment). The "computer-readable recording medium" refers to a portable medium such as a flexible disk, a magneto-optical disk, a ROM, a CD-ROM, or a storage device such as a hard disk built in a computer system. Further, the "computer-readable recording medium" is a volatile memory (RAM) inside a computer system that serves as a server or a client when a program is transmitted via a network such as the Internet or a communication line such as a telephone line. In addition, those that hold the program for a certain period of time are also included.

Further, the program may be transmitted from a computer system that stores the program in a storage device or the like to another computer system via a transmission medium or by a transmission wave in the transmission medium. Here, the "transmission medium" for transmitting the program refers to a medium having a function of transmitting information, such as a network or a communication line. Further, the program may be a program for realizing some of the functions described above. Further, it may be a so-called difference file (difference program) that can realize the above-mentioned functions in combination with a program already recorded in the computer system.

Although some embodiments of the present invention have been described, these embodiments are presented as examples and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. These embodiments can be implemented in various other forms, and various omissions, replacements, and changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. These embodiments and modifications thereof are included in the invention described in the claims and equivalents thereof as well as included in the scope and the gist of the invention.

Although the example of providing the local partition 5 surrounding the cultivation floor 4 in the embodiment has been described, the local partition 5 may be omitted without being limited thereto.

Moreover, although the plant cultivation system 1 in which the natural light (sunlight) is set as the main light is illustrated in the above-described embodiment, the artificial light may be set as the main light instead of the natural light without being limited thereto. .. In this case, the third artificial light that replaces the natural light and the first artificial light that supplements the third artificial light are used. The method described in the above embodiment may be applied to the control of the first artificial light.

Although the tape type (FIG. 4) is illustrated as the shape of the support body 91B, the shape of the support body 91B is not limited to this and another shape may be applied.

The effective date determination process shown in FIGS. 7 to 9 may be omitted.

In addition, the artificial light in the embodiment is generated by the light generated by the continuous lighting state in which the light source is turned on so as to keep the light emission amount constant, and the intermittent lighting state in which the light source is turned on and off in a relatively short time. It may be either light. For example, the light in the intermittent lighting state may be light modulated by a predetermined modulation method such as PWM (Pulse With Modulation) control. The light generated in the intermittent lighting state may be generated by switching between lighting with the first light emission amount and lighting with the second light emission amount reduced from the first light emission amount in a relatively short time. Good. The amount of light in the intermittent lighting state may be defined as an average value of illuminance for a predetermined period.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Plant cultivation system, 2... Cultivation facility, 21, 22, 23, 24... Side wall part, 25... Roof part, 3... Plant, 4... Cultivation floor 5, 5A... Local division part, 51... Bottom part, 52, 53... Local partition wall, 54... Movable lid, 9... Lighting device, 91, 92... Lamp, 93... Lighting control unit, 95... Illuminance sensor, 100... Cultivation environment control device, 110... IF unit, 120... Communication unit, 130... Storage unit, 140... Control unit, GL... Ground, S... Sun, SL... Sunlight

Claims (10)

For a plant cultivated by shining sunlight, a light emitting unit that emits first light for compensating for the lack of sunlight,
Control for emitting the first light from the light emitting unit to supplement light, and reduce the amount of light emitted from the light emitting unit when the sunlight radiated on the plant and the light from the light emitting unit exceed a predetermined amount. Department,
A plant cultivation system comprising. The control unit is
Control in a long day lighting mode in which the first light, in which the time period of irradiation is determined so as to lengthen the light period in one day, is irradiated from the light emitting unit to the plant, and control in the long day lighting mode And a control by a dark period mode for generating a dark period at different time zones are provided in the one day to control the dormant state of the plant,
In the dark period mode, the light emitting unit is controlled so that the illuminance emitted from the light emitting unit to the plant is made lower than the illuminance in the long day lighting mode to generate the dark period. Item 2. The plant cultivation system according to item 1. The light emitting unit,
In the light period, irradiating the plant with a second light for promoting photosynthesis of the plant by the control of the control unit in the light period mode,
The plant cultivation system according to claim 2, wherein: The amount of the first light emitted by the light emitting unit is less than the amount of the second light emitted,
The plant cultivation system according to claim 3, wherein The light emitting unit,
Disposed on at least the cultivation floor of the plant,
The plant cultivation system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, which is characterized in that. The light emitting unit,
Disposed below the leaves of the plant and emitting at least upward light,
The plant cultivation system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, which is characterized in that. The control unit is
Based on the latitude information of the position where the cultivation floor of the plant is arranged, adjust the light emission amount of the light emitting unit,
The plant cultivation system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that. The light emitting unit,
Emit light toward the plant that supplements the light in the shaded area of the plant,
The plant cultivation system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that. A plant cultivation method of a plant cultivation system comprising a light emitting unit that emits a first light for compensating for the lack of sunlight, with respect to a plant to be cultivated by applying sunlight,
A process of emitting the first light from the light emitting unit to supplement the light, and reducing the amount of light emitted from the light emitting unit when the sunlight irradiated on the plant and the light from the light emitting unit exceed a predetermined amount. A method for cultivating a plant, which comprises: For a plant to be cultivated by applying sunlight, to a computer of a plant cultivation system including a light emitting unit that emits a first light for compensating for the lack of the sunlight,
A step of reducing the amount of light emitted from the light emitting unit when the first light is emitted from the light emitting unit to supplement light, and the sunlight applied to the plant and the light from the light emitting unit exceed a predetermined amount. A program to execute.

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