JP2020092684A - Hydroponic device and method for planting plants using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a hydroponic device that is preferable not only for small-scale hydroponics in ordinary homes but also for agricultural large-scale hydroponics, and a method for planting plants using the device.SOLUTION: The hydroponic devices 200A to 200C are constituted such that plant seedlings 9 in raising pots prepared beforehand are taken out of the raising pots and cultivated in a storage tank 205 which is filled with culture solution, in which the storage tank 205 is fabricated of extraction method polystyrene foam and is capable of shielding the outside of the storage tank 205 from light. Thus, even under outdoor severe environment, deterioration of the storage tank is suppressed for longer life, and the devices are light-weight, excellent in heat insulating properties and water resistance, and also inexpensive. As a result, the devices are preferable not only for small-scale hydroponics in ordinary homes but also for agricultural large-scale hydroponics.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 6

Description

The present invention relates to a hydroponic cultivation apparatus and a planting method using the same, and is suitable not only for small-scale hydroponic cultivation in general households but also for large-scale hydroponic cultivation in agriculture.

Hydroponic cultivation tends to be adopted as both a hobby and a practical benefit because it is possible to easily observe the growing state of ornamental and edible plants. As this hydroponic cultivation apparatus, there is one that does not store the culture solution in another storage tank but directly supplies it to the cultivation tank to dissolve the essential nutrients and prepares it at a concentration suitable for the growth of the crop (for example, patent Reference 1). This device is suitable for general household use because it does not require a circulation pump or piping and requires only a cultivation tank and is simple and relatively easy to handle.

By the way, it takes at least about two weeks before the change can be observed when the plant is grown from the seed, but the change can be immediately observed when the plant is grown from the seedling. Such plant seedlings are commercially available, for example, soil-planted in a growth pot (polyethylene film pot). However, since the growth pot has poor air permeability and tends to get stuffy, it is preferable that the seedlings of the plant planted there are replanted as soon as possible.

For this reason, in the said patent document 1, the seedling of a plant is taken out from the growth pot, the soil stuck to the root is dropped, and it is directly replanted in the fixed planting hole which penetrates the styrene foam cultivation floor. In this case, the roots of the plant are exposed, which makes it difficult to replant by hitting the periphery of the planting hole, and if forced, the root of the plant may be damaged. This problem is considered to be one of the factors that hinder the spread of small-scale hydroponics in ordinary households.

Moreover, in the said patent document 1, it is necessary to consider the growth of the plant body and to take the interval which plants a plant body into a cultivation floor large. For this reason, the amount of harvest per unit area of the cultivation bed is reduced, and so-called production efficiency is poor. It is considered that this problem is one of the factors that hinder the spread of large-scale hydroponics in agriculture.

The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and uses a hydroponic cultivation apparatus suitable for not only small-scale hydroponic cultivation in general households but also large-scale hydroponic cultivation in agriculture and the use thereof. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for planting the plant.

By the way, although it is not so much for hydroponics in general households, if it is hydroponics for agriculture, it is expected that it will be economically feasible, and for outdoor cultivation, it is assumed that it will be placed in a harsh outdoor environment. To be done. Therefore, the present invention is a seedling of a plant in a growth pot prepared in advance, or a plant that is an ornamental plant that has been cut, a water that is taken out of the growth pot and cultivated in a tank filled with a culture solution. It is an cultivating device, characterized in that the tank is made of an extraction method polystyrene foam and the outside of the tank can be shielded from light.

According to the present invention, since the tank is made of the extraction method polystyrene foam, and the outside of the tank can be shielded from light, deterioration of the tank is suppressed even in a harsh outdoor environment, and the tank has a long life. In addition, the device will be light in weight, excellent in heat insulation and water resistance, and inexpensive.

As in the invention according to claim 2, the foam brick surrounding the root of the plant taken out from the growing pot, a mesh pot holding the plant surrounded by the foam brick and the mesh pot, With a cultivation floor held in a tank, the cultivation floor has a plurality of through-holes that support the mesh pot in a removable manner, and the pattern of the arrangement of the through-holes according to the growth of the plant. It is characterized by being able to change.

According to the invention of claim 2, the foamed brick surrounding the root of the plant taken out from the growing pot, a mesh pot holding the plant surrounded by the foamed brick and the mesh pot, Since it has a cultivation floor to be held in the tank, plant seedlings can be taken out from the growing pot and replanted with the roots thereof fixed with foamed bricks. This eliminates the risk of damaging the roots of the plant when replanting.

Further, the cultivation bed has a plurality of through holes that removably support the mesh pot, and the arrangement pattern of the through holes can be changed according to the growth of the plant, so that the plant is cultivated. Immediately after transplanting from a pot, you can transplant as many plants as possible by reducing the distance between plants, while increasing the distance between plants as they grow so that they do not interfere with their growth. it can. In this way, by changing the interval between plants according to the growth of plants, the yield is increased and the production efficiency becomes extremely good. As a result, it is suitable not only for small-scale hydroponics in general households but also for large-scale hydroponics in agriculture.

As in the invention described in claim 3, it is preferable that the cultivation bed is made of an extraction method polystyrene foam or expanded polystyrene, and the surface of the cultivation bed can be shielded from light.

According to the invention as set forth in claim 3, since the cultivation bed is made of an extraction method polystyrene foam or styrofoam, and the surface of the cultivation floor can be shielded from light, it can be cultivated even in a harsh outdoor environment. In addition to suppressing the deterioration of the floor and prolonging its service life, it is lightweight, has good heat insulation performance, and is inexpensive.

As in the invention according to claim 4, it is preferable that the cultivation beds having different patterns of the arrangement of the through holes are exchangeably provided.

According to the invention described in claim 4, since the cultivation beds having different patterns of the arrangement of the through holes are exchangeably provided, the intervals are reduced immediately after transplanting the plants from the cultivation pot by exchanging the cultivation beds. Then, as many plants as possible can be transplanted, and by changing the cultivation bed according to the growth of the plants, it becomes possible to increase the interval between plants and harvest as many as possible. At this time, the same tank or the like can be used, which is convenient.

Further, in a limited space such as a rooftop, it is possible to configure the hydroponic cultivation apparatus in multiple stages, but the lower stage is less sunny than the upper stage. On the other hand, when plants are seedlings, severe sunshine is rather harmful. Therefore, as in the invention according to claim 5, the tank is provided for each cultivation floor having a different pattern of the arrangement of the through holes, and the tank provided with the cultivation floor having a relatively small number of the through holes, It is preferable that the tank is provided in a multi-tiered manner above the tank provided with a cultivation bed having a relatively large number of through holes.

According to the invention of claim 5, the tank is provided for each cultivation floor having a different arrangement pattern of the through holes, and the tank having a cultivation floor with a relatively small number of the through holes is provided with the through holes. The number of plants is higher than the tank with a relatively large number of cultivation beds, so it is configured in multiple stages, so many plants immediately after transplanting seedlings etc. are arranged in the lower stage, while few grown plants are arranged in the upper stage. By doing so, production efficiency is further improved.

As in the invention according to claim 6, it is preferable that the mesh pot has a truncated cone shape.

According to the invention of claim 6, since the mesh pot has a truncated cone shape, it is easy to extract the mesh pot from one cultivation bed and fit it into another cultivation floor. This facilitates replacement of the cultivation floor.

Further, as in the invention according to claim 7, it is preferable that the cultivation bed is a buoyant body that floats in the culture solution in the tank.

According to the invention of claim 7, since the cultivation bed is a buoyant body that floats in the culture solution in the tank, the submerged state of the cultivation bed represents the liquid surface of the culture solution, and the culture solution is insufficient. Since even an amateur can judge at a glance, the management of the culture solution is extremely easy, and the culture solution can be reliably secured when this state is reached.

On the other hand, even if the cultivation floor is made floating, it is necessary to supply water to the tank that has run out of culture solution each time, so it is difficult to manage the culture solution in the tank in large-scale hydroponics in agriculture. It must be there. Therefore, it is preferable that the tank can automatically supply water, as in the invention of claim 8.

According to the invention described in claim 8, since the tank can be automatically supplied with water, it is not necessary to supply water to the tank in which the culture solution has run short. Moreover, a simpler fixed-position cultivation bed can be adopted, which is suitable for large-scale hydroponics in agriculture.

In addition, when directly planting a plant on the land and performing outdoor cultivation, it is difficult to continuously cultivate the same plant, so-called continuous cropping failure occurs, but there is no such limitation in hydroponics. .. Therefore, as in the invention according to claim 9, the tank is provided for each cultivation floor in which the pattern of the arrangement of the through holes is different, and the planting is performed by shifting the timing of planting and harvesting of the plant between the tanks. Preferably.

According to the invention of claim 9, the tank is provided for each cultivation floor with a different pattern of the arrangement of the through holes, and the planting is performed by shifting the timing of planting and harvesting the plants between the tanks. By avoiding continuous cropping obstacles, production efficiency is further improved.

According to the present invention, since the tank is made of the extraction method polystyrene foam, and the outside of the tank can be shielded from light, deterioration of the tank is suppressed even in a harsh outdoor environment, and the tank has a long life. In addition, the device will be light in weight, excellent in heat insulation and water resistance, and inexpensive.

According to the invention of claim 9, the tank is provided for each cultivation floor with a different pattern of the arrangement of the through holes, and the planting is performed by shifting the timing of planting and harvesting the plants between the tanks. By continuously cultivating the same plant, the production efficiency is further improved.

It is a front view which shows the whole structure of the hydroponic cultivation apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a top view of the hydroponic cultivation apparatus which concerns on this Embodiment 1. FIG. 3 is a vertical sectional view of a mesh pot and a buoyant body according to the first embodiment. It is explanatory drawing of the tank and buoyant body which concerns on Embodiment 2 of this invention, (a) is a top view, (b) is a XX sectional view taken on the line in (a), (c) is a perspective view. is there. It is explanatory drawing of the buoyancy body which concerns on this Embodiment 2, (a) is a top view which shows the case of 18 holes, (b) shows the case of 11 holes, (c) shows the case of 6 holes, respectively. It is a perspective view which shows the planar arrangement of the hydroponic cultivation apparatus which concerns on this Embodiment 2. It is a perspective view which shows the three-dimensional arrangement of the hydroponic cultivation apparatus which concerns on this Embodiment 2. It is a chart which shows the open field cultivation possible period by hydroponic cultivation which concerns on this Embodiment 2. It is a schematic diagram which shows the water supply/drainage part of the hydroponic cultivation apparatus which concerns on this Embodiment 2. It is a schematic diagram which shows the automatic water supply equipment of the hydroponic cultivation apparatus which concerns on this Embodiment 2.

(Embodiment 1)
1 is a front view showing the overall configuration of a hydroponic cultivation apparatus 100 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a plan view thereof, and FIG. 3 is a longitudinal section of a mesh pot 10 and a buoyant body 1 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. It is a side view. In the first embodiment, small-scale hydroponic cultivation in a general household will be described.

As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, this hydroponic cultivation apparatus 100 takes out the contents of a growth pot (not shown) in which a plant seedling 9 is soil-planted, and removes the soil by washing with water to the extent that the root is not damaged. Around the root of the seedling 9 is enclosed in a foam brick 3 and put in a mesh pot 10. The mesh pot 10 is surrounded by a buoyancy body 1 as a cultivation bed and floated by a culture solution 4 in a tank 5, while the inside of the tank 5 is kept. The air diffuser 12 is adapted to diffuse the culture solution 4. This is because when the organic matter (algae) is generated in the culture solution 4, the culture solution 4 becomes deficient in oxygen and the roots 9 of the plant are difficult to grow. The culture solution 4 is used, for example, by diluting Hyponex (trade name) with water, and the foamed brick 3 is, for example, Hydroball (trade name). Instead of the foam brick 3, glass wool, pumice stone, or the like may be used.

The tank 5 has a rectangular parallelepiped shape with an open upper part, and in the frame body 14 provided on each side of the tank 5, a transparent glass plate is formed so as to constitute all peripheral surfaces (front, rear, left and right surfaces) except the bottom surface. Are fitted respectively. The transparent glass plate is used for observing the growing condition such as the root condition of the plant. If there is no such purpose, it may be composed of an opaque synthetic resin (plastic) including the bottom surface, or an extraction method polystyrene foam (for example, Styrofoam (registered trademark)) described later in detail.

Although the buoyancy body 1 is a slightly flat variant, it has a rectangular shape in a plan view and has a size slightly larger than the opening formed by the frame 14 at the upper portion of the tank 5. The frame body 14 has a function as a stopper means for preventing the buoyancy body 1 from further rising at the uppermost portion of the tank 5 and preventing an excessive inclination of the plant seedling 9. Further, only one through hole 1a into which the mesh pot 10 can be fitted in an upright position is formed at approximately the center of the buoyant body 1 in plan view.

As shown in FIG. 3, the mesh pot 10 is in the shape of a truncated cone that is a size larger than the growth pot, and the foamed bricks 3 to be packed therein are provided on the peripheral surface 10b and the bottom surface 10c thereof. Although it cannot pass through, a plurality of through holes having a size that allows passage when the roots of the plant seedling 9 are projected are formed. A flange 10a is formed at the upper end of the mesh pot 10, and the flange 10a is locked in the through hole 1a of the buoyancy body 1 so that the mesh pot 10 is integrated with the buoyancy body 1. ing.

The outside of the through hole 1a of the buoyancy body 1 is a double structure 1b, and the outside is a single structure 1c. The double structure 1b is hollow or has styrofoam or extraction polystyrene foam enclosed therein. Then, the buoyant body 1 having such a configuration can support only the upper portion of the mesh pot 10. This is because when the mesh pot 10 is considerably higher than the buoyancy body 1, the center of gravity of the whole becomes high, and when the buoyancy body 1 is floated in the culture solution 4, it tends to become unstable. A water supply/drainage port 11 is provided at one corner of the single structure 1c.

Although not clear from the figure, in the case of the transparent glass tank 5, its peripheral surface is covered with an opaque and light-shielding heat insulating material. This is because by blocking the light, the generation of organic substances is suppressed and the temperature inside the tank 5 is maintained substantially constant due to the heat insulating effect. However, since the upper portion of the tank 5 is open, it is covered with the buoyancy body cover 2 which is opaque and has a light shielding property. By blocking the light, the generation of organic substances is suppressed.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the air diffuser 12, the air hose 7 connected to the air diffuser 12 via an air hose joint 8, an air pump 6 for supplying air to the air hose, The power cord 13 that supplies electric power to the air pump 6 corresponds to the air supply means.

Hereinafter, a method of using the hydroponics device 100 will be described.

Prepare a growth pot in which a seedling 9 of a commercially available plant is soiled. Then, first, a small amount of the foamed brick 3 is put in the mesh pot 10. On the other hand, the soil is removed by washing with water, taking care not to damage the roots of the seedlings 9 taken out from the growing pot. Then, the seedlings 9 from which soil has been removed are placed in a mesh pot 10 containing a small amount of the foam bricks 3, and the foam bricks 3 are further placed around the stem of the seedlings 9 and placed in the mesh pots 10. The seedling 9 is fixed.

The mesh pot 10 is fitted into the through hole 1a of the buoyancy body 1, and the surface of the buoyancy body 1 is covered with the buoyancy body cover 2. An air diffuser 12 connected to an external air pump 6 and an air hose 7 is installed at the bottom of the tank 5, and the air hose 7 is fixed to a frame body 14 of the tank 5 by an air hose joint 8.

About half of the culture solution 4 is poured into the tank 5, the buoyant body 1 is put into the tank 5, and then the culture solution 4 is poured into the tank 5 through the water supply/drain port 11 to adjust the liquid volume. Here, when the culture solution 4 is poured into the tank 5, the buoyancy body 1 rises and eventually comes into contact with the frame body 14 and stops. At this time, since the tank 5 is filled with the culture solution 4 up to the maximum liquid level WL, the pouring is immediately stopped. When the power cord 13 is connected to a power source (not shown) and the air pump 6 is driven, air bubbles are generated. After that, the culture solution 4 is supplemented.

As described above, according to the first embodiment, the plant seedlings 9 taken out from the growing pot and washed with water are surrounded by the foamed brick 3 and placed in the mesh pot 10 to be fixed, and the mesh pot 10 is fixed to the buoyancy body 1. Since it is configured to be surrounded by and floated with the culture solution 4 in the tank 5, the plant seedling 9 can be taken out from the growing pot and easily replanted. This eliminates the risk of damaging the roots of the plant when replanting. After the replanting, the root 9 of the plant is extended into the culture solution 4, and the buoyant body 1 moves up and down by increasing or decreasing the culture solution 4, whereby the current amount of the culture solution 4 can be known. Then, by adding the culture solution 4 at an appropriate timing, a sufficiently grown plant can be harvested. As a result, it is possible to enjoy small-scale hydroponics in ordinary households.

(Embodiment 2)
By the way, in the first embodiment, the small-scale hydroponic cultivation in a general household is assumed, and the seedling 9 of one plant is grown. However, in the large-scale hydroponic cultivation in agriculture, a plurality of seedlings 9 are grown. I want to grow the seedlings 9 of the book plants at the same time. The second embodiment takes such a case into consideration. FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing a state in which the buoyancy body 201A is vertically movably fitted in the upper opening of the tank 205 of the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 200 according to the second embodiment of the present invention. ) Is a plan view, (b) is a sectional view taken along line XX in (a), and (c) is a perspective view. FIG. 5 is a plan view of the buoyancy bodies 201A to 201C that can be fitted into the upper opening of the tank 5. In the second embodiment, elements common to those in the first embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals, and redundant description will be omitted as much as possible.

As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the hydroponic cultivation devices 200A to 200C according to the second embodiment include buoyancy bodies 201A to 201C as cultivation beds, respectively. The buoyant body 201A has a rectangular shape in which a total of 18 through holes 201a are arranged in a grid pattern in a plan view, and the buoyant body 201B has a total of 11 through holes 201a arranged in a staggered pattern in a plan view. The buoyant body 201C has a rectangular shape in which the through holes 201a are arranged in a total of six checkered patterns in a plan view. Each of the buoyancy bodies 201A to 201C is slightly smaller than the upper opening of the tank 205.

The tank 205 is made of the extraction method polystyrene foam, and the buoyant bodies 201A to 201C are all made of expanded polystyrene or the extraction method polystyrene foam. Here, the extraction method polystyrene foam is lightweight, has excellent heat insulating properties and water resistance, and is inexpensive. Styrofoam, on the other hand, has a water resistance that is not equal to that of the polystyrene foam obtained by the extraction method, but has the same or higher performance in other respects. However, since both are likely to deteriorate when exposed to the sun, particularly in the case of outdoor cultivation, the outside of the tank 205 and the surfaces of the buoyant bodies 201A to 201C are covered with a light-shielding material such as black vinyl or water-soluble paint. It is preferable to apply in advance.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing a case where the hydroponic cultivation apparatuses 200A to 200C according to the second embodiment are arranged two-dimensionally, and FIG. 7 is a three-dimensional arrangement of the hydroponic cultivation apparatuses 200A and B according to the second embodiment. FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing a case, and FIG. 8 is a chart showing an open-field cultivation possible period by hydroponic cultivation according to the second embodiment.

First, as shown in FIG. 6, a case where the hydroponic cultivation devices 200A to 200C are arranged two-dimensionally will be described. Although omitted in FIG. 6, it is assumed that there are a plurality of hydroponic cultivation devices 200A to 200C, and each of them is arranged in series on a support member laid in a rail shape on the ground. Then, the seedling 9 of the plant is first transplanted from the growth pot to the mesh pot 10, and the procedure is as described in the first embodiment. The plant seedling 9 replanted in the mesh pot 10 is fitted into the through hole 201a of the buoyancy body 201A of the hydroponic cultivation device 200A. The tank 205 of the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 200A-C and the buoyancy bodies 201A-C do not necessarily have to be provided in a 1:1 correspondence, and the hydroponic cultivation apparatus A includes the buoyancy bodies 201B of the hydroponic cultivation apparatuses 200B, C. , C may be replaced with the buoyant body 201A. If they continue to grow in that state, they will eventually grow until they interfere with each other.

Then, the mesh pot 10 is extracted together with the plant 9 from the 18 through holes 201a of the buoyancy body 201A of the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 200A, and the mesh pot 10 is fitted into the 11 through holes 201a of the buoyancy body 201B of the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 200B. Let At this time, three hydroponic cultivation apparatus 200B will be used with respect to one hydroponic cultivation apparatus 200A. The tank 205 of the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 200A-C and the buoyancy bodies 201A-C do not necessarily have to be provided in a 1:1 correspondence, and the hydroponic cultivation apparatus B is the buoyancy body 201A of the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 200A, C. , C may be replaced with the buoyant body 201B. If they continue to grow in that state, they will eventually grow until they interfere with each other.

Then, the mesh pot 10 is extracted together with the plant 9 from the 11 through holes 201a of the buoyancy body 201B of the hydroponic cultivation device 200B, and the mesh pot 10 is fitted into the 6 through holes 201a of the buoyancy body 201B of the hydroponic cultivation device 200C. Let At this time, two hydroponic cultivation apparatus 200C will be used with respect to one hydroponic cultivation apparatus 200B. The tank 205 of the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 200A-C and the buoyancy bodies 201A-C do not necessarily have to be provided in a 1:1 correspondence, and the hydroponic cultivation apparatus C is the buoyancy body 201A of the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 200A, B. , B may be replaced with the buoyant body 201C. If they continue to grow in that state, they will eventually grow until they interfere with each other. At this point the plant 9 can be harvested.

Here, it is difficult to continuously cultivate the same plant when it is directly planted on the land and exposed to the open field, but there is no such limitation in the hydroponic culture. Further, the open-field culturable period by hydroponic culture varies depending on the type of plant. In the example shown in FIG. 8, if, for example, bok choy is taken as an example, planting can be carried out through the year from January to December as shown by the area indicated by the parallel broken lines in the figure. It is from March to November as shown by the shaded area. Therefore, it is understood that the planting should be carried out between January and February and the harvest should be carried out between March and April. Then, if the following planting is carried out between March and April, it can be harvested between May and June. The same applies hereinafter. By carrying out such a planting plan, a large amount can be harvested by continuously cultivating the same plant. The same applies to other plants, and it goes without saying that the production efficiency is improved in all cases.

As described above, in the hydroponic cultivation devices 200A to 200C according to the second embodiment, the arrangement pattern of the through holes 201a of the buoyancy bodies 201A to 201C can be changed according to the growth of the plant 9, and thus the plant 9 can be changed. Immediately after being transplanted from the growing pot, you can transplant as many plants as possible by reducing the distance between the plants and increasing the distance between the plants as they grow so as not to interfere with their growth. be able to. In this way, by changing the interval between the plants according to the growth of the plants 9, the production efficiency becomes extremely good. As a result, it is suitable not only for small-scale hydroponics in general households but also for large-scale hydroponics in agriculture.

Then, the tank 205 is provided for each of the buoyant bodies 201A to 201C having different arrangement patterns of the through holes 201a, and the planting can be performed by shifting the timings of planting and harvesting the plants 9 between the tanks 205, the same. By continuously cultivating the plant 9, the production efficiency is further improved.

In the second embodiment, the number of hydroponic cultivation apparatuses 200A to 200C increases, and if the hydroponic cultivation apparatuses 200A to 200C are arranged in a plane, a certain amount of space is required. Therefore, when the space is limited as in the case of cultivation on the rooftop, it is conceivable to arrange the hydroponic cultivation devices 200A to 200C three-dimensionally. In such a modification, as shown in FIG. 7, the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 200A is arranged in the lower stage and the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 200B (or 200C) is arranged in the upper stage. This is because when a plant is a seedling, sunshine is not so much needed, whereas a plant that has grown to a certain extent requires sufficient sunshine.

Moreover, when arranging the hydroponic cultivation devices 200A to 200C in the building, the arrangement is such that the sunshine is improved as much as possible in any of the planar arrangement of the second embodiment and the three-dimensional arrangement of the modification thereof. Preferably.

Although FIG. 7 shows a case of a two-stage configuration, each hydroponic cultivation apparatus 200A, B (or C) is supported by, for example, a pillar 250 standing on the roof surface of the rooftop. It is also possible to attach a heat retaining vinyl 251 or the like by using the support column 250. Further, there may be a three-stage configuration.

Further, in the first embodiment, the growth pot uses the one in which the seedling 9 of one kind of plant is planted in the soil, but the one planted in the soil may be used, and in the second embodiment, You may combine them suitably.

In the first and second embodiments, the power source of the air pump 6 is not specified, but it is possible to save energy by using a solar power source, for example.

Although the mesh pot 10 is used in the first and second embodiments, a slit structure, a punching board, or the like may be used instead.

Further, in the above-described Embodiments 1 and 2, the hydroponic cultivation devices 100 and 200A to C are used, but they are not limited to finished products, and the tanks 5, 205A to C, the buoyant bodies 1, 201A to C, the mesh pot 10, and the like. It may be a so-called hydroponic cultivation kit that is assembled from each part of and completed.

Further, in the above-described Embodiments 1 and 2, buoyancy bodies 1, 201A to C for suspending the mesh pot 10 in the culture solution 4 in the tank 5, 205 are adopted as the cultivation floor, but for example, an automatic water supply facility By providing it, a fixed position type cultivation bed can also be adopted.

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram showing a water supply/drainage unit 210 of the hydroponic cultivation apparatus according to the second embodiment, and FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram showing an automatic water supply facility 220 of the hydroponic cultivation apparatus according to the second embodiment. Here, as shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, the tank 205 is supported on the ground 206 by the C-shaped steel 207 as the support member and the block 208. A metal pipe 212, which is slightly shorter than the thickness of the bottom surface, is inserted into the through hole 205a on the bottom surface of the tank 205. The metal pipe 212 is tightly fastened to the upper end of the metal pipe 212, and the fastening tool 211 loosely screwed to the lower end is fastened. If necessary, the packing 205b may be interposed between the tank 205 and the tightening tools 211 and 213, respectively. Then, the metal pipe 212 and the tightening tools 211 and 213 are integrated to compress the bottom surface of the tank 205 from top to bottom, and the top surface of the bottom surface of the tank 205 is substantially flush with the top surface of the tightening tool 211. can do. It should be noted that if the upper portion of the through hole 205a on the bottom surface of the tank 205 is slightly shaved, it can be surely flush with the surface.

Next, a PVC pipe 214a, an elbow 215, a PVC pipe 214b, a tee 215a, a PVC pipe 214c, a valve 218, a PVC pipe 214d, and a synthetic resin tube 216 are attached in order to the lower end of the fastening tool 213. The tube 216 is fixed to the PVC pipe 214c with a band 217. Here, in order not to interfere with the ground 206, the mounting direction of the tee 215a is different from that shown in the drawing, and a valve 219 is mounted toward the front side of the paper surface and via a PVC pipe 214e at the end thereof.

Then, when a water pipe is connected to the valve 218 and the valve 218 is opened in a state where the valve 219 is closed, the tap water passes through the water supply/drainage unit 210, and is directed from the symbol P to the symbol Q in FIG. Will be supplied to. On the other hand, when the valve 218 is closed and the valve 219 is opened, the culture solution in the tank 206 passes through the water supply/drainage unit 210 and is discharged from the tank 205 in the direction from R to S in FIG. It will be. At this time, almost no liquid remains in the tank 205, and subsequent processing such as cleaning becomes very easy.

Assuming that the automatic water supply facility 220 as shown in FIG. 10 is provided, the valve 218 is connected to the outlet of the water supply tank 221 arranged at substantially the same height as the tank 205, instead of the water pipe. .. The water supply tank 221 is provided with a float-type automatic water supply valve 222, which keeps the valve 219 closed and the valve 218 open. When the liquid level in the tank 205 lowers, a difference from the liquid level in the water supply tank 221 occurs, whereby water is automatically supplied from the water supply tank 221 to the tank 25 via the water supply/drainage unit 210. Then, since the liquid level of the water supply tank 221 is lowered, the automatic water supply valve 222 operates, and as a result of automatic water supply to the water supply tank 221, the water level is restored. In this way, by automatically supplying water to the tank 205, it is not necessary to supply water to the tank 205 that has run out of culture solution each time. Therefore, a simpler fixed-position cultivation bed can be adopted, which is suitable for large-scale hydroponics in agriculture.

In the first embodiment, the number of the through holes 1a of the buoyancy body 1 is set to one, and in the second embodiment, the numbers of the through holes 201a of the buoyancy bodies 201A to C are 18, 11, and 6, respectively. However, other numbers may be used as long as they can be arranged, and the arrangement method is also arbitrary. For example, when the through holes 201a of the buoyancy body 201A are arranged in a staggered pattern, a total of 28 through holes 201a can be arranged. However, of course, it depends on the sizes of the tank 205, the buoyant body 201A, and the mesh pot 10.

Further, in the first embodiment, since the capacity of the tank 5 is small, it suffices to provide the water supply/drainage port 11 at one corner of the buoyancy body 1 and perform water supply/drainage from the corner, but in the second embodiment, the capacity of the tank 205 is small. Since it is large, it is preferable to allow water to be drained from the bottom as much as possible in order to reduce the remaining amount when draining.

100,200A-C Hydroponic cultivation apparatus 1,201A-C Buoyancy body (equivalent to a cultivation floor)
1a, 201a-c Through hole 2 Buoyant body cover 3 Foam brick 4 Culture solution 5,205 Tank 205a Through hole 205b Packing 6 Air pump (corresponding to air supply means)
7 Air hose (corresponding to air supply means)
8 Air hose joint (corresponds to air supply means)
9 plants (seedlings or cuttings, stems, roots)
10 mesh pot 11 water supply/drainage port 12 air diffuser (corresponds to air supply means)
206 Ground 207 C type steel 208 Block 210 Water supply/drainage part 211,213 of tank Tightening tool 212 Metal pipes 214a-214e Synthetic resin pipe 215 Elbow 215a Tee 216 Tube 217 Band 218,219 Valve 220 Automatic water supply facility 221 Water supply tank 222 Automatic water supply valve

JP-B-63-199548

Claims (9)

A plant, which is a seedling or a cutting in a pre-prepared growth pot, is a hydroponic cultivation apparatus configured to be cultivated in a tank filled with the culture solution taken out from the growth pot,
The hydroponics device, wherein the tank is made of an extraction method polystyrene foam, and the outside of the tank can be shielded from light. A foam brick surrounding the root of the plant taken out from the growing pot,
A mesh pot that holds the plant surrounded by the foam brick around the root,
A cultivation floor for holding the mesh pot in the tank,
The said cultivation floor has a plurality of through holes that removably support the mesh pot, and the arrangement pattern of the through holes can be changed according to the growth of the plant. The hydroponics device described. 3. The hydroponic cultivation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the cultivation bed is made of an extraction method polystyrene foam or styrofoam, and the surface of the cultivation bed can be shielded from light. The hydroponic cultivation apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a cultivating bed having a different arrangement pattern of the through holes, which is replaceable. The tank is provided for each cultivation floor with a different pattern of the arrangement of the through holes, the tank provided with a cultivation bed with a relatively small number of the through holes, a cultivation bed with a relatively large number of the through holes is provided. The hydroponic cultivation device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the hydroponic cultivation device is configured in a multi-stage manner above the tank. The hydroponics device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the mesh pot has a truncated cone shape. The hydroponics device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the cultivation bed is a buoyant body that floats in the culture solution in the tank. The hydroponics device according to claim 1, wherein the tank is capable of automatically supplying water. The tank is provided for each cultivation floor having a different pattern of the arrangement of the through holes, and the planting is performed by shifting the timing of planting and harvesting of the plant between the tanks. A method for planting a plant using the hydroponic cultivation apparatus according to 1 above.

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