JP2020089245A - Power distribution system and distribution board system - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a power distribution system and a distribution board system capable of supplying power more flexibly in emergency or the like.SOLUTION: A power distribution system 1 includes an earthquake detection unit 231 and a switching board 2. The earthquake detection unit 231 detects occurrence of an earthquake. The switching board 2 switches a power supply source to at least a part of a circuit 4 between multiple input terminals 21, 22 including the first input terminal 21 and the second input terminal 22. The first input terminal 21 is electrically connected to a regular power supply. The second input terminal 22 is electrically connected to a backup power supply 6. The switching board 2 is configured so as to, when the earthquake detection unit 231 detects the occurrence of the earthquake, switch the power supply source for at least the part of the circuit 4 from the first input terminal 21 to the second input terminal 22.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

The present disclosure relates generally to power distribution systems and distribution panel systems, and more particularly to power distribution systems and distribution panel systems that control the supply of power to circuits.

Patent Document 1 describes a power distribution system (a seismic isolation system) including a seismic relay that senses the occurrence of an earthquake on a distribution board. In this power distribution system, when an earthquake with a predetermined seismic intensity or more occurs, the seismic-sensing relay shuts off the main breaker of the distribution board after a certain period of time.

As a result, the main breaker performs a delay shutoff operation in response to the occurrence of an earthquake, so that the lighting and the like can be controlled so as not to be immediately extinguished, and the evacuation time can be secured. Patent Document 1 also describes that a specific branch breaker of a distribution board is immediately shut off when an earthquake occurs.

JP, 2018-68098, A

However, in the above power distribution system, when an earthquake occurs, only the main breaker or a specific branch breaker is shut off, and for example, power is supplied to a circuit including a load that should not shut off the power supply to medical equipment. There is no way to continue.

The present disclosure has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide a power distribution system and a distribution board system that can more flexibly supply power in an emergency or the like.

A power distribution system according to an aspect of the present disclosure includes an earthquake detection unit and a switching board. The earthquake detector detects the occurrence of an earthquake. The switching board switches the supply source of electric power to at least some circuits between a plurality of input terminals including a first input terminal and a second input terminal. The first input terminal is electrically connected to a utility power source. The second input terminal is electrically connected to a backup power supply. The switching board switches the supply source of electric power to the at least some circuits from the first input terminal to the second input terminal when the occurrence of the earthquake is detected by the earthquake detection unit.

A distribution board system according to an aspect of the present disclosure includes the switching board used for the power distribution system and a distribution board.

According to the present disclosure, there is an advantage that power can be more flexibly supplied in an emergency.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating an introduction example of a power distribution system and a distribution board system according to the first embodiment. FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram showing a schematic configuration of the above power distribution system and distribution board system. FIG. 3A is a schematic front view when the cover of the switchboard of the above power distribution system is in the open position, and FIG. 3B is a schematic front view when the cover of the switchboard of the same is in the closed position. FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of the above switching board. FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of a switching board according to a first modified example of the first embodiment. FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of a switching board according to a second modified example of the first embodiment. FIG. 7 is a conceptual diagram showing a schematic configuration of the power distribution system according to the second embodiment. FIG. 8 is a conceptual diagram showing a schematic configuration of the power distribution system according to the third embodiment.

(Embodiment 1)
(1) Overview The power distribution system 1 according to the present embodiment is a system including a switching board 2 as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. The switching board 2 has a function of switching the power supply source to at least a part of the circuit 4 (specific circuit 40). In the present embodiment, the switching board 2 switches the power supply source to the circuit 4 (specific circuit 40) in one room of the building 7 including the plurality of rooms 71, 72, 73. Hereinafter, unless a particular distinction is made between the plurality of rooms 71, 72, 73, each of the plurality of rooms 71, 72, 73 is referred to as a “room 70”.

The “building” in the present disclosure means a building and a building, and is not limited to a house such as a detached house and an apartment house, but may be a non-residential building such as a store, an office, a school, a welfare facility, a hospital and a factory. Including buildings. In addition, the building 7 includes a plurality of rooms 70. The “room” in the present disclosure means a room that is set up like a fixed person in the building 7. For example, if the building 7 is a house, each of the living room, dining room, washroom, bedroom, etc. is a room 70. Make up. Here, the room 70 also includes spaces where people do not normally live, such as corridors, entrances, sheds, and closets. The room 70 may be a space spatially separated from the other room 70 (or a corridor or the like) by a wall and a door 700 (see FIG. 1) or the like, or the room 70 may be another room 70 (or a corridor or the like) by a stairwell or the like. ) May be a space spatially connected to. In the present embodiment, as an example, a case where the building 7 to which the power distribution system 1 is applied is a detached house having three rooms 71, 72, 73 will be described.

The switching board 2 according to the present embodiment constitutes a distribution board system 10 together with the distribution board 3. In other words, the distribution board system 10 according to the present embodiment includes the switching board 2 used in the power distribution system 1 and the distribution board 3. The distribution board 3 according to the present embodiment includes a distribution board cabinet 30 and a plurality of branch breakers 41. The distribution board cabinet 30 houses a plurality of branch breakers 41. The distribution board 3 is electrically connected to the regular power source 5, and distributes the electric power supplied from the regular power source 5 to a plurality of circuits 4 (branch circuits) corresponding to the plurality of branch breakers 41 one-to-one. ..

Here, the power distribution system 1 according to the present embodiment includes an earthquake detection unit 231 and a switching board 2. The earthquake detector 231 detects whether or not an earthquake has occurred. The switching board 2 switches the supply source of electric power to at least a part of the circuits 4 between the plurality of input terminals 21 and 22 including the first input terminal 21 and the second input terminal 22. The first input terminal 21 is electrically connected to the regular power supply 5. The second input terminal 22 is electrically connected to the backup power supply 6. When the earthquake detection unit 231 detects the occurrence of an earthquake, the switching board 2 switches the power supply source of at least some of the circuits 4 from the first input terminal 21 to the second input terminal 22.

In the present embodiment, the plurality of input terminals 21 and 22 include the first input terminal 21 and the second input terminal 22. Further, in the present embodiment, the switching board 2 supplies the power supply source of the power to the circuit 4 of the room 71, which is one of the three rooms 71, 72, and 73, to the first input terminal 21 and the second input. Switching is performed between the plurality of input terminals 21 and 22 including the terminal 22. The “terminal” such as the input terminals 21 and 22 in the present disclosure does not have to be a component for connecting an electric wire or the like, and is, for example, a lead of an electronic component, a part of a conductor included in a circuit board, or the like. May be.

As described above, according to the power distribution system 1 according to the present embodiment, at the time of the occurrence of an earthquake in the earthquake detecting unit 231, the power supply source to at least a part of the circuits 4 is changed from the first input terminal 21. Switch to the second input terminal 22. Since the first input terminal 21 is electrically connected to the regular power supply 5 and the second input terminal 22 is electrically connected to the backup power supply 6, the above-mentioned switching causes the power to be supplied to at least a part of the circuits 4. The supply source is switched from the regular power supply 5 to the backup power supply 6. Therefore, at the time of an earthquake, by switching the power supply source to at least some of the circuits 4 from the regular power supply 5 to the backup power supply 6, it is possible to secure the power used in at least some of the circuits 4. it can. As a result, even when an earthquake occurs, the electric power of at least a part of the circuits 4 can be secured, so that at least a part of the circuits 4 can be used in an evacuation center (evacuation room) or the like. Therefore, according to the power distribution system 1 according to the present embodiment, it is possible to more flexibly supply electric power in an emergency or the like, as compared with a configuration in which only the main breaker or the specific branch breaker is cut off.

(2) Details Hereinafter, details of the power distribution system 1 and the distribution board system 10 according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 6. As described above, in the present embodiment, as an example, a case where the building 7 to which the power distribution system 1 is applied is a detached house having three rooms 71, 72, 73 will be described. As an example, it is assumed that the room 71, the room 72, and the room 73 are a bedroom, a study, and a child room, respectively.

Further, in the present embodiment, the switching board 2 switches the power supply source for the circuit 4 in one of the plurality of rooms 71, 72, 73. Here, a case will be described in which the circuit 4 targeted for switching the power supply source by the switching board 2 is the circuit 4 of the room 71 (bedroom). Hereinafter, one room (the room 71 in the present embodiment) corresponding to the circuit 4 to which the power supply source is switched by the switching board 2 is also referred to as a “specific room”. The circuit 4 in the specific room is also referred to as the "specific circuit 40". The “circuit of a specific room” in the present disclosure is a circuit 4 used in the specific room (room 71) or installed in the specific room (room 71 ), for example, the specific room (room 71 ). 71) is a circuit including the loads 43, 44, and 45 installed.

That is, the switching board 2 is installed in a building 7 (a detached house in the present embodiment) including a plurality of rooms 70 (rooms 71, 72, 73). At least a part of the circuits 4 to which the power supply source is switched on the switching board 2 is the circuit 4 (specific circuit) of one of the plurality of rooms 70 (rooms 71, 72, 73). 40).

(2.1) Overall Configuration First, the overall configuration of the distribution board system 10 according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2. In the present embodiment, as described above, the distribution board system 10 includes the switching board 2 used in the power distribution system 1 and the distribution board 3. The power distribution system 1 according to the present embodiment includes a switching board 2 and a backup power supply 6. That is, in the present embodiment, the backup power supply 6 is included in the components of the power distribution system 1, but the backup power supply 6 is not an essential component of the power distribution system 1 in the components of the power distribution system 1.

The distribution board 3 includes a distribution board cabinet 30 and a plurality of branch breakers 41. As shown in FIG. 2, the distribution board 3 includes, in addition to the distribution board cabinet 30 and the plurality of branch breakers 41, a main breaker 31, a measurement unit 32, a current measuring device 33, a main line 34, and a main current sensor. 35 is further included.

The plurality of branch breakers 41, the main breaker 31, the measurement unit 32, the current measuring device 33, the main line 34, and the main current sensor 35 are some of the components of the distribution board 3 and serve as internal units of the distribution board 3. It is housed in the distribution board cabinet 30.

The distribution board cabinet 30 accommodates a branch breaker 41, a main breaker 31, a measurement unit 32, a current measuring device 33, a main line 34, a main current sensor 35, and the like. The distribution board cabinet 30 is attached to a building material (for example, a wall of a building). The construction material is not limited to the wall of the room 70 in the building 7 (a detached house in the present embodiment) in which the distribution board cabinet 30 is installed, and may be, for example, the ceiling or floor of the room 70 in the building 7. Good.

The distribution board cabinet 30 is attached to, for example, the wall of the building 7. The distribution board cabinet 30 is provided, for example, at a height position that a child of average height cannot reach, and at a height position that an adult of average height can operate. ing.

Inside the distribution board cabinet 30, a plurality of branch breakers 41, a main breaker 31, a measuring unit 32, a current measuring device 33, a main line 34, and a main current sensor 35 are housed. The plurality of branch breakers 41, the main breaker 31, the measurement unit 32, the current measuring device 33, the main line 34, and the main current sensor 35 are attached to the distribution board cabinet 30 directly or via fittings or the like. There is.

The main breaker 31 includes contacts connected to an electric path between the primary side terminal and the secondary side terminal. The main breaker 31 has an operation lever on the front surface for turning on or off a contact. Further, the main breaker 31 is provided with a main circuit breaker that breaks the contacts when an abnormal state in which an overcurrent such as a leakage current or an overload current flows to the contacts is detected.

In the distribution board 3 of the present embodiment, since a single-phase three-wire system is assumed as a power distribution system, a single-phase three-wire lead-in wire 51 connected to the regular power supply 5 is electrically connected to the primary side terminal of the main breaker 31. Connected. The “conventional power supply” as referred to in the present disclosure is a power supply that is normally used on a daily basis. Includes distributed power. In this embodiment, as an example, the regular power supply 5 is a system power supply (commercial power supply).

The main line 34 is electrically connected to the secondary side terminal of the main breaker 31. In the present embodiment, since the single-phase three-wire system is assumed as the power distribution method, the main line 34 includes the conductive bar of the first voltage pole (L1 phase), the conductive bar of the second voltage pole (L2 phase), and the neutral bar. It contains a pole (N-phase) conductive bar. Each conductive bar is formed in a long plate shape by a conductive member, and is connected to the secondary side terminal of the master breaker 31 inside the distribution board cabinet 30.

The plurality of branch breakers 41 are divided into an upper side and a lower side of the main line 34, and a plurality of branch breakers 41 are arranged side by side in the left-right direction. In the present embodiment, twelve branch breakers 41 are arranged on the upper side of the main line 34 so as to be aligned in the left-right direction. Further, twelve branch breakers 41 are arranged below the main line 34 so as to be aligned in the left-right direction.

Here, each branch breaker 41 is inserted into the connection end with the trunk line 34 in one circuit 4 of the plurality of circuits 4, as shown in FIG. In other words, the circuit 4 includes the branch breaker 41, and is electrically connected to the main line 34 by the branch breaker 41. In the present embodiment, the distribution board 3 includes the same number of branch breakers 41 as the plurality of circuits 4 (here, 24), so that each of the plurality of circuits 4 includes the branch breaker 41.

The “circuit 4” referred to in the present disclosure is each of branch circuits electrically connected to the main line 34 and branched from the main line 34 by the distribution board 3 into a plurality of branches. In the present embodiment, the circuit 4 includes wiring 42 and loads 43, 44, 45 in addition to the branch breaker 41. The wiring 42 is electrically connected to the secondary side terminal of the branch breaker 41. The loads 43, 44, and 45 include, for example, lighting equipment, air conditioning equipment, television receivers, equipment such as hot water supply equipment, and wiring equipment such as outlets or wall switches. For example, in the example of FIG. 1, the load 43 is a device such as a lighting device, the load 44 is an outlet (wiring device), and the load 45 is a wall switch (wiring device). Each of these loads 43, 44, 45 is electrically connected to the branch breaker 41 via the wiring 42.

Each of the plurality of branch breakers 41 includes a contact connected to an electric path between the primary side terminal and the secondary side terminal. Each branch breaker 41 is provided with an operation lever for turning a contact on or off on its front surface. Further, each branch breaker 41 is provided with a breaking unit that breaks the contact when an abnormal state in which an overcurrent such as a leakage current or an overload current flows to the contact is detected.

The measurement unit 32 has a measurement function of measuring at least one of current and power of the plurality of circuits 4 and a communication function of communicating with a device arranged outside the distribution board cabinet 30.

More specifically, the measurement unit 32 is electrically connected to a main current sensor 35 that measures a current flowing through the main breaker 31 and a current measuring device 33. Here, the main current sensor 35 includes, for example, a current transformer (CT). Then, the measurement unit 32 has a function (measurement function) of calculating an electric power value based on the value of the current measured by the current measuring device 33 and the main current sensor 35. Since the current measuring device 33 measures the current flowing through each of the plurality of circuits 4, the measuring unit 32 measures at least one of the current and the power of each circuit 4 based on the current value measured by the current measuring device 33. measure.

In addition, the measurement unit 32 has a function (communication function) of communicating with a controller configured to control or monitor a device (hereinafter, referred to as HEMS compatible device) corresponding to HEMS (Home Energy Management System). Have The controller is a device arranged outside the distribution board cabinet 30. Here, the HEMS compatible device includes, for example, a smart meter, a solar power generation device, a power storage device, a fuel cell, an electric vehicle, an air conditioner, a lighting fixture, a water heater, a refrigerator, a television receiver, or the like. The HEMS compatible device is not limited to these devices.

The communication method between the measurement unit 32 and the controller is, for example, a communication standard such as a specific low-power wireless station in the 920 MHz band (a wireless station that does not require a license), Wi-Fi (registered trademark), or Bluetooth (registered trademark). It is a wireless communication that uses radio waves as a medium. The communication method between the measurement unit 32 and the controller may be wired communication that complies with a communication standard such as a wired LAN (Local Area Network). In addition, the communication protocol in the communication between the measurement unit 32 and the controller is, for example, Ethernet (registered trademark), ECHONET Lite (registered trademark), or the like.

In the distribution board 3 of the present embodiment, the measurement unit 32 receives from the current measurement device 33 the value of the current flowing through each of the plurality of circuits 4 measured by the current measurement device 33. Furthermore, the measurement unit 32 receives the current value measured by the main current sensor 35 from the main current sensor 35. The measurement unit 32 converts each of the current values measured by the current measuring device 33 and the main current sensor 35 into a power value (instantaneous power value). The measurement unit 32 has a function of calculating power amount data obtained by integrating the collected instantaneous power data over a predetermined time. Therefore, the controller that communicates with the measurement unit 32 can control or monitor the HEMS-compatible device based on the instantaneous power or the amount of power in each of the plurality of circuits 4.

The measurement unit 32 also has a function (communication function) of communicating with at least one of a solar power generation device, a power storage device, and a power conversion device electrically connected to an electric vehicle. The power conversion device is configured to be used for both charging and discharging a storage battery of an electric vehicle by bidirectionally performing power conversion in addition to power conversion for unidirectional charging from the distribution board 3 to the electric vehicle. May be

The measurement unit 32 also has a communication function with at least one of a gas meter and a water meter. The communication method between the measurement unit 32 and the solar power generation device, the power storage device, and the power conversion device is, for example, wired communication that conforms to a communication standard such as RS-485. The communication system between the measurement unit 32 and the gas meter or the water meter is not limited to wired communication, but may be wireless communication. The measurement unit 32 may be capable of communicating with, for example, a hot water storage type hot water supply device.

The current measuring device 33 is configured to measure the current flowing through the plurality of circuits 4. The current measuring device 33 has a plurality of current sensors 331 as shown in FIG. The plurality of current sensors 331 are formed on, for example, one substrate.

A plurality of holes are formed in the substrate of the current measuring device 33. Terminals that extend from the main line 34 (conductive bar) and are connected to the branch breaker 41 are inserted into the plurality of holes, respectively. The substrate of the current measuring device 33 is used for at least a part of an electrical connection path between the plurality of current sensors 331 and the measuring unit 32.

The current sensor 331 is, for example, a Rogowski coil that is composed of an air-core coil that does not use a core (coreless) and that produces an output according to a current passing through the inside. The current sensor 331 is formed around the hole of the substrate of the current measuring device 33. Here, the plurality of current sensors detect the currents of the plurality of circuits 4, respectively. Thereby, in the present embodiment, the current measuring device 33 measures the current flowing through each of the plurality of circuits 4.

The current measuring device 33 performs signal processing on the outputs of the plurality of current sensors 331. Further, the current measuring device 33 is configured to be communicable with the measuring unit 32. In the present disclosure, “communicable” means that signals can be exchanged directly or indirectly via a network, a relay, or the like by an appropriate communication method such as wire communication or wireless communication. That is, the current measuring device 33 and the measuring unit 32 can exchange signals with each other. Therefore, the measurement unit 32 can receive from the current measurement device 33 the value of the current flowing through each of the plurality of circuits 4 measured by the current measurement device 33.

As shown in FIG. 2, the switching board 2 has a switching board cabinet 20 and a plurality of input terminals 21 and 22. In addition to the switching board cabinet 20 and the plurality of input terminals 21 and 22, the switching board 2 further includes a vibration-sensing unit 23 and a switching device 24. The plurality of input terminals 21 and 22 include a first input terminal 21 and a second input terminal 22. Here, the first input terminal 21 and the second input terminal 22 may be simply referred to as the input terminal 21 and the input terminal 22, respectively.

The plurality of input terminals 21 and 22, the vibration-sensing unit 23, and the switching unit 24 are part of the components of the switching panel 2 and are housed in the switching panel cabinet 20 as internal units of the switching panel 2. In the present embodiment, the plurality of input terminals 21 and 22 are included in the constituent elements of the switching board 2, but the plurality of input terminals 21 and 22 are included in the constituent elements of the switching board 2 in the switching board 2. It is not a mandatory configuration.

The switchboard cabinet 20 houses a plurality of input terminals 21, 22, a seismic sensing unit 23, a switch 24, and the like. The switching board cabinet 20 is attached to a building material (for example, a wall of a building). The construction material is not limited to the wall of the room 70 in the building 7 (a detached house in the present embodiment) in which the switching board cabinet 20 is installed, and may be, for example, the ceiling or floor of the room 70 in the building 7. Good.

The switching board cabinet 20 is provided in one of the plurality of rooms 71, 72, 73 in the building 7 that corresponds to the circuit 4 that is the target of switching the power supply source by the switching board 2, or in this one room. It is placed in an adjacent space. That is, in the present embodiment, since one room corresponding to the circuit 4 that is the target of switching the power supply source by the switching board 2, that is, the “specific room” is the room 71 (bedroom), the switching board 2 is specified. It is arranged inside the room (room 71) or in a space adjacent to the specific room (room 71). The “adjacent space” to the specific room (room 71) as referred to in the present disclosure means, for example, a space such as a corridor, stairs, or an entrance leading to the room 71. Here, the switching board cabinet 20 is located at a height position where, for example, a child of average height cannot reach it, and an adult of average height can operate it. It is provided.

In the present embodiment, as an example, the switching board cabinet 20 is installed at a position above the door 700, which is a wall inside the room 71 that is a specific room. Although the door 700 is a hinged door in the example of FIG. 1, the door 700 is not limited to a hinged door and may be a sliding door. Thus, when the switching board cabinet 20 is arranged inside the room 71, it is preferable to be installed near the doorway (door 700). That is, since furniture such as a bookshelf and a desk is generally rarely installed near the doorway of the room 71, such an arrangement makes it easy to prevent the switching board 2 from being hidden behind the furniture.

Here, the switching board 2 has a function of switching the supply source of electric power to the circuit 4 (specific circuit 40) of one room (room 71) of the plurality of rooms 70 between the plurality of input terminals 21 and 22. Have In particular, in the present embodiment, at least one input terminal 21 (first input terminal) of the plurality of input terminals 21 and 22 is electrically connected to the regular power supply 5. Further, at least one input terminal 22 (second input terminal) of the plurality of input terminals 21 and 22 is electrically connected to the backup power supply 6. Therefore, the switching board 2 can switch the supply source of electric power to the circuit 4 (specific circuit 40) of one room (room 71) between the regular power supply 5 and the backup power supply 6. For example, in an emergency such as when an earthquake occurs, by switching the power supply source for the circuit 4 (specific circuit 40) in one room (room 71) from the regular power supply 5 to the backup power supply 6, The power used can be secured.

Details of the configuration of the power distribution system 1 including the switching board 2 will be described in the section “(2.2) Configuration of power distribution system”.

(2.2) Configuration of Power Distribution System Next, a more detailed configuration of the power distribution system 1 according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 2 to 4.

The switching board 2 included in the power distribution system 1 includes the switching board cabinet 20, the plurality of input terminals 21 and 22, the seismic sensing unit 23, and the switching device 24, as described above. In addition, in the present embodiment, the switching board 2 includes, in addition to the switching board cabinet 20, the plurality of input terminals 21 and 22, the seismic sensing unit 23 and the switching device 24, the output terminal 25, the safety light 26, and the accommodation space Sp1 ( 3A) (see FIG. 3A).

Inside the switching board cabinet 20, in addition to the plurality of input terminals 21 and 22, the seismic sensing unit 23 and the switching unit 24, the output terminal 25 and the safety lamp 26 are housed. The plurality of input terminals 21 and 22, the seismic sensing unit 23, the switching device 24, the output terminal 25, and the safety lamp 26 are attached to the switching board cabinet 20 directly or via mounting metal fittings.

As shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B, the switching board cabinet 20 includes a box-shaped body 201 (see FIG. 3A) having an open front surface, and a cover 202 that covers the front surface of the body 201. The cover 202 is attached to the body 201 in a movable state between a closed position and an open position. The closed position is a position that covers the front surface of the body 201, and the open position is a position that does not cover at least a part of the front surface of the body 201. Here, the cover 202 may be detached from the body 201 when the cover 202 is in the open position. FIG. 3A shows the cover 202 in the open position, and FIG. 3B shows the cover 202 in the closed position.

In the present embodiment, the switching board 2 has only two input terminals 21 and 22 (first input terminal and second input terminal) as the plurality of input terminals 21 and 22. Further, in the present embodiment, as described above, the common power supply 5 is electrically connected to one input terminal 21 (first input terminal) of the plurality of input terminals 21 and 22, and another one of them is used. The backup power supply 6 is electrically connected to the input terminal 22 (second input terminal).

The backup power supply 6 is a power supply device that can supply power to the circuit 4 at least during a power failure of the regular power supply 5. Specifically, the backup power supply 6 outputs the same AC power as the regular power supply 5, that is, AC power with a frequency of 60 Hz (or 50 Hz) and a voltage (effective value) of 100 V (or 200 V). In the present embodiment, the backup power supply 6 has a secondary battery, and outputs power by discharging the secondary battery.

Here, one input terminal 21 (first input terminal) of the plurality of input terminals 21 and 22 is configured by a screw type terminal, and another one input terminal 22 (second input terminal) is , It is composed of outlet type inlet. That is, of the plurality of input terminals 21 and 22, the input terminal 21 connected to the regular power source 5 is realized by a screw type terminal that is electrically and mechanically coupled to a conductive member such as an electric wire with a screw. ing. On the other hand, the input terminal 22 of the plurality of input terminals 21 and 22 that is connected to the backup power supply 6 is a plug-in inlet that is electrically and mechanically coupled to the plug by inserting the plug. Has been realized in. That is, at least one input terminal 22 of the plurality of input terminals 21 and 22 is an inlet to which a plug can be connected. The "inlet to which an insertion plug can be connected" in the present disclosure includes an insertion port into which a plug blade (or a pin) of the insertion plug can be inserted, as well as an outlet (outlet) as a wiring device. And a blade receiving spring arranged in the mouth. With such a structure, the inlet (input terminal 22) realizes electrical and mechanical coupling with the insertion plug by inserting the insertion plug in a state where it can be pulled out.

Here, the switching board 2 is electrically connected to the distribution board 3 by the feed wiring 36, as shown in FIG. That is, the feed wiring 36 electrically connects the distribution board 3 and the switching board 2. An end portion of the feed wiring 36 on the switching board 2 side is connected to at least one input terminal 21 (first input terminal) of the plurality of input terminals 21 and 22. On the other hand, the end portion of the feed wiring 36 on the distribution board 3 side is connected to at least one branch breaker 41 of the plurality of branch breakers 41 in the distribution board 3. Thereby, at least one input terminal 21 (first input terminal) of the plurality of input terminals 21, 22 is at least one of the plurality of branch breakers 41 in the distribution board 3 different from the switching board 2. It is electrically connected to the branch breaker 41. In the present embodiment, the input terminal 21 provided on the switching board 2 is electrically connected to one branch breaker 41 provided on the distribution board 3 by the feed wiring 36.

That is, the switching board 2 according to the present embodiment is inserted in one circuit 4 of the plurality of circuits 4 branched by the distribution board 3. Then, the input terminal 21 of the switching board 2 is electrically connected to the regular power supply 5 via the one branch breaker 41 and the main breaker 31 of the distribution board 3. Therefore, the power supply from the service power source 5 to the input terminal 21 is performed through the distribution board 3, and the main breaker 31 or the branch breaker 41 of the distribution board 3 is cut off, so The supply of power from 5 to the input terminal 21 is stopped.

On the other hand, the backup power supply 6 is directly connected to at least one input terminal 22 (second input terminal) of the plurality of input terminals 21 and 22 by a cable 61 (see FIG. 1) of the backup power supply 6. .. That is, the backup power supply 6 has the cable 61. The tip of the cable 61 is an insertion plug, and the backup power supply 6 is electrically connected to the input terminal 22 by inserting the insertion plug into the input terminal 22 which is an outlet type inlet.

This allows the user to arbitrarily select the backup power supply 6 connected to the input terminal 22. For example, the user can also arbitrarily select the capacity and size of the backup power supply 6. Further, if only the switching board 2 is installed in the building 7 by the preceding wiring, it is possible to connect the backup power supply 6 later as needed. Furthermore, since the backup power supply 6 can be easily replaced, the user can easily replace the backup power supply 6 when the backup power supply 6 is deteriorated.

Here, as shown in FIG. 3A, the inlet (input terminal 22) that is at least one input terminal 21, 22 among the plurality of input terminals 21, 22 is housed in the switching board cabinet 20. Moreover, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3B, even when the cover 202 is in the closed position, the input terminal 22 is exposed from the hole of the cover 202. As a result, in the switching board 2 according to the present embodiment, the backup power supply 6 can be electrically connected to the input terminal 22 even when the cover 202 is at the closed position.

The earthquake-sensing unit 23 has an earthquake detector 231 as shown in FIG. The seismic sensing unit 23 is configured to be able to communicate with the switch 24. The seismic sensing unit 23 transmits/receives a signal to/from the switching unit 24 directly or indirectly via a network or a relay by a suitable communication method such as wired communication or wireless communication. In the present embodiment, the communication system between the seismic sensing unit 23 and the switch 24 is wired communication, and for example, RS-485 or wired communication conforming to a communication standard such as a wired LAN can be appropriately adopted. is there.

The earthquake detector 231 detects whether or not an earthquake has occurred. The earthquake detection unit 231 includes, for example, a sensor 232 (see FIG. 3A) such as an acceleration sensor and an angular velocity sensor, and detects a shake (vibration) caused in the building 7 in which the switching board 2 is installed due to an earthquake or the like. That is, the earthquake detection unit 231 includes the sensor 232 that outputs an electric signal corresponding to vibration, and detects the magnitude (size) of the shake (vibration) acting on the sensor 232 from the electric signal output by the sensor 232. To do. Then, when the earthquake detector 231 detects a shake with a seismic intensity equal to or greater than a certain threshold, the seismic sensing unit 23 transmits an earthquake occurrence signal indicating the occurrence of an earthquake to the switch 24.

As shown in FIG. 4, the switch 24 has a relay 241, a drive circuit 242, an operation unit 243, and a display unit 244. The switch 24 further includes a housing that houses the relay 241, the drive circuit 242, the operation unit 243, and the display unit 244. In addition, the switch 24 has terminals for electrically connecting the plurality of input terminals 21 and 22, the seismic sensing unit 23, the output terminal 25, and the safety lamp 26.

The relay 241 is a mechanical relay having a switching contact (C contact). The relay 241 selectively selects the connection destination of the output terminal 25 among the plurality of input terminals 21 and 22. In the present embodiment, the relay 241 switches between a state in which the input terminal 21 is electrically connected to the output terminal 25 and a state in which the input terminal 22 is electrically connected to the output terminal 25. That is, in the “normal mode”, the relay 241 electrically connects the input terminal 21 connected to the regular power supply 5 to the output terminal 25. In the “emergency mode”, the relay 241 electrically connects the input terminal 22 connected to the backup power supply 6 to the output terminal 25.

The drive circuit 242 is a circuit for driving the relay 241. The drive circuit 242 is configured to receive a signal (earthquake occurrence signal) from the seismic sensing unit 23 and drive the relay 241. Specifically, when the drive circuit 242 receives the earthquake occurrence signal from the seismic sensing unit 23, the drive circuit 242 switches the connection destination of the output terminal 25 from the input terminal 21 (first input terminal) to the input terminal 22 (second input terminal). Thus, the relay 241 is controlled. Further, the drive circuit 242 is configured to receive the signal (return signal) from the operation unit 243 and drive the relay 241. Specifically, when the drive circuit 242 receives the return signal from the operation unit 243, the drive circuit 242 switches the connection destination of the output terminal 25 from the input terminal 22 (second input terminal) to the input terminal 21 (first input terminal). , Relay 241 is controlled.

The operation unit 243 is a member for manually operating the relay 241. The operation unit 243 is provided on the front surface of the housing of the switching device 24, as shown in FIG. 3A. The operation unit 243 outputs a return signal to the drive circuit 242 when accepting a user operation in a state where the input terminal 22 is electrically connected to the output terminal 25. Therefore, the user can operate the operation unit 243 to switch the connection destination of the output terminal 25 from the input terminal 22 (second input terminal) to the input terminal 21 (first input terminal).

The display unit 244 is in either a state in which the input terminal 21 is electrically connected to the output terminal 25 (normal mode) or a state in which the input terminal 22 is electrically connected to the output terminal 25 (emergency mode). Display whether there is. That is, the display unit 244 displays the state of the relay 241. Specifically, the display unit 244 displays the normal mode/emergency mode by distinguishing the color, the character, the number, the symbol, or the lighting state (lighting, extinguishing, blinking, or the like). As an example, the display unit 244 is preferably a self-holding type display element such as an electrophoretic electronic paper.

Moreover, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3B, the display unit 244 is exposed through the hole of the cover 202 even when the cover 202 is in the closed position. As a result, in the switching board 2 according to the present embodiment, the display unit 244 can be visually recognized even when the cover 202 is in the closed position, and as a result, the user can easily distinguish between the normal mode and the emergency mode. It will be possible.

The output terminal 25 is electrically connected to the circuit 4 to which the switching board 2 switches the power supply source. That is, the circuit 4 of the room 71 (bedroom) which is the “specific room”, that is, the specific circuit 40 is electrically connected to the output terminal 25. In the present embodiment, the output terminal 25 is a screw type terminal, like the input terminal 21 (first input terminal). That is, the output terminal 25 is realized by a screw type terminal that is electrically and mechanically coupled to a conductive member such as an electric wire with a screw.

Here, the wiring 42 (see FIG. 2) included in the specific circuit 40 is directly connected to the output terminal 25. That is, the wiring 42 of the specific circuit 40 electrically connects the loads 43, 44, 45 included in the specific circuit 40 and the output terminal 25 of the switching board 2.

The safety light 26 functions as a light that illuminates the surroundings. It is preferable that the security light 26 particularly illuminate the floor surface of the room 71. This makes it easier for the user to confirm his/her feet at night. In the present embodiment, since the switching board 2 is arranged in the vicinity of the door 700 of the room 71 which is the specific room, the safety light 26 also functions as a guide light indicating the entrance/exit of the room 71. In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3B, the safety lamp 26 is exposed through the hole of the cover 202 even when the cover 202 is in the closed position. As a result, in the switching board 2 according to the present embodiment, even if the cover 202 is at the closed position, the light from the safety light 26 can easily reach the room 71.

The safety light 26 may be constantly lit, or may be lit only when the switch 24 is in the emergency mode. The safety lamp 26 has, for example, an LED (Light Emitting Diode) or an organic EL (Electro Luminescence) element as a light source. The safety light 26 may include a secondary battery that can be charged by power supply from the switch 24, or another battery. In this case, the safety light 26 may be removable from the switching board cabinet 20. Thereby, the safety light 26 can be used as a portable electric light.

The accommodation space Sp1 is a space provided in the switching board cabinet 20 for accommodating the disaster prevention articles K1 and K2. In other words, the switching board 2 has an accommodation space Sp1 for accommodating the disaster prevention articles K1 and K2. The “disaster prevention article” as referred to in the present disclosure means an emergency kit mainly used in the event of a disaster, and includes, for example, a flashlight, a portable radio, a battery, drinking water, emergency food and the like. In FIG. 3A, a disaster prevention article K1 including a flashlight and a disaster prevention article K2 including a portable radio are shown by imaginary lines (two-dot chain line). These disaster prevention articles K1 and K2 are retained in the switchboard cabinet 20 in a removable state by, for example, hooks or magnets. Therefore, in the event of a disaster such as an earthquake, the disaster prevention supplies K1 and K2 housed in the switching board 2 can be used.

With the configuration described above, the switching board 2 automatically supplies the power supply source to the circuit 4 (specific circuit 40) in one room (specific room) between the plurality of input terminals 21 and 22 according to the switching condition. Switch to. In the present embodiment, the switching condition is that the earthquake detector 231 detects the occurrence of an earthquake. In short, in the present embodiment, when the earthquake detector 231 detects the occurrence of an earthquake, the seismic sensing unit 23 receives the earthquake occurrence signal transmitted to the switch 24, and the switch 24 connects the output terminal 25. The destination is switched from the input terminal 21 to the input terminal 22. As a result, the power supply source to the circuit 4 (specific circuit 40) in the specific room (room 71) is changed from the regular power supply 5 connected to the input terminal 21 to the backup power supply 6 connected to the input terminal 22. Switch. That is, the switching board 2 determines that the occurrence of an earthquake is detected by the earthquake detection unit 231 as a switching condition, and when the switching condition is satisfied, the power supply source to the specific circuit 40 is changed from the input terminal 21 to the input terminal 22. Automatically switch to.

Further, in the present embodiment, the circuit 4 in one room, which is the target of switching the power supply source by the switching board 2, includes a lighting fixture. That is, the circuit 4 of the room 71 (bedroom), which is the “specific room”, that is, the specific circuit 40, includes the load 43 including the lighting equipment. In general, the load 43 including a lighting device is often connected to the distribution board 3 without passing through an outlet (outlet). In the example of FIG. 1 as well, the load 43 including the lighting equipment is connected to the switching panel 2 or the distribution board 3 via the load 45 including the wall switch, not the load 44 including the outlet. Therefore, it is difficult to supply electric power to the load 43 (lighting fixture) of this kind from other than the distribution board 3, for example, it is also difficult to supply electric power from a generator having an outlet (outlet) output. Is. In the present embodiment, since the specific circuit 40 that is the target of switching the power supply source by the switching board 2 includes the lighting fixture (load 43), the switching board is also applicable to this type of load 43 (lighting fixture). It becomes possible to supply power from the backup power supply 6 via 2.

According to the power distribution system 1 of the present embodiment, it is possible to switch the supply source of electric power to the circuit 4 in one of the plurality of rooms 70 between the plurality of input terminals 21 and 22. That is, the switching board 2 can switch the supply source of electric power to the circuit 4 in one room between the regular power supply 5 and the backup power supply 6. Therefore, for example, in the event of an emergency such as an earthquake, typhoon, or landslide, switching the power supply source to the circuit 4 in one room from the regular power supply 5 to the backup power supply 6 ensures the power used in one room. can do. As a result, even in an emergency such as an earthquake, a typhoon, or a landslide, electric power for one room can be secured, and this one room can be used as an evacuation center (evacuation room). Therefore, according to the power distribution system 1 according to the present embodiment, it is possible to more flexibly supply electric power in an emergency or the like, as compared with a configuration in which the main breaker 31 or the specific branch breaker 41 is simply shut off.

(3) Modifications Embodiment 1 is only one of various embodiments of the present disclosure. The first embodiment can be variously modified according to the design and the like as long as the object of the present disclosure can be achieved. The modifications of the first embodiment will be listed below. The modifications described below can be applied in appropriate combination.

The switching board 2 and the distribution board 3 in the present disclosure include, for example, a computer system in the measurement unit 32 and the like. The computer system mainly has a processor and a memory as hardware. The functions of the switching board 2 and the distribution board 3 in the present disclosure are realized by the processor executing the program recorded in the memory of the computer system. The program may be pre-recorded in the memory of the computer system, may be provided through an electric communication line, or recorded in a non-transitory recording medium such as a memory card, an optical disk, a hard disk drive, etc. that can be read by the computer system. May be provided. The processor of the computer system is composed of one or a plurality of electronic circuits including a semiconductor integrated circuit (IC) or a large scale integrated circuit (LSI). The integrated circuit such as IC or LSI referred to here is called differently depending on the degree of integration, and includes an integrated circuit called system LSI, VLSI (Very Large Scale Integration), or ULSI (Ultra Large Scale Integration). Further, an FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Array) that is programmed after the manufacture of the LSI, or a logic device capable of reconfiguring the connection relation inside the LSI or reconfiguring the circuit section inside the LSI should also be adopted as a processor. You can The plurality of electronic circuits may be integrated in one chip, or may be distributed and provided in the plurality of chips. The plurality of chips may be integrated in one device, or may be distributed and provided in the plurality of devices. The computer system referred to herein includes a microcontroller having one or more processors and one or more memories. Therefore, the microcontroller is also composed of one or a plurality of electronic circuits including a semiconductor integrated circuit or a large scale integrated circuit.

Further, it is not an essential configuration of the power distribution system 1 that at least a part of the functions of the power distribution system 1 are integrated in one housing, and the components of the power distribution system 1 are distributed in a plurality of housings. It may be provided. For example, the vibration-sensing unit 23 provided on the switching board 2 in the first embodiment may be externally attached to the switching board 2. That is, the earthquake detection unit 231 is not limited to the configuration built in the switching board 2 and may be provided separately from the switching board 2. Further, at least a part of the functions of the power distribution system 1 may be provided in the distribution board 3, for example, the seismic sensing unit 23 may be provided in the distribution board 3.

On the contrary, in the first embodiment, at least a part of the functions of the power distribution system 1 distributed to the plurality of devices may be integrated in one housing. For example, the functions distributed to the seismic sensing unit 23 and the switch 24 may be integrated in one housing.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a switching board 2A according to a first modified example of the first embodiment. In the example of FIG. 5, the switching board 2A has a charging terminal 27 for charging the backup power supply 6. That is, in addition to the plurality of input terminals 21, 22 and the like, the charging terminal 27 is housed inside the switching board cabinet 20. In the first modification, the backup power supply 6 has a secondary battery, and the secondary battery is charged by the electric power supplied from the charging terminal 27. AC power may be output from the charging terminal 27, or DC power may be output. The charging terminal 27 is realized by, for example, a plug-in type outlet that is electrically and mechanically coupled to the insertion plug by inserting the insertion plug like the input terminal 22 (second input terminal). Has been done. Here, the charging terminal 27 may also serve as the input terminal 22. That is, one outlet may be used as the input terminal 22 (inlet) and the charging terminal 27 (outlet).

The charging terminal 27 outputs the power from the regular power source 5 to the backup power source 6 when the power from the regular power source 5 is supplied to the input terminal 21 (first input terminal). Charge the secondary battery). The backup power source 6 charges the secondary battery when the remaining capacity of the secondary battery is less than the threshold value, and stops charging when the secondary battery is fully charged. As a result, the backup power supply 6 is maintained in a fully charged state.

Further, in the first modification, the backup power supply 6 is housed inside the switching board cabinet 20 together with the charging terminal 27. That is, a space for housing the backup power supply 6 is secured inside the switching board cabinet 20. This makes it easier to maintain the state where the backup power source 6 is connected to the input terminal 22 and the charging terminal 27 of the switching board 2A.

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a switching board 2B according to a second modified example of the first embodiment. In the example of FIG. 6, a specific load 44A including outlets (wiring appliances) installed in the plurality of rooms 71, 72, 73 is electrically connected to the switching board 2B via the wiring 42. That is, in the present modification, the specific loads 44A installed in the plurality of rooms 71, 72, 73 respectively are the switching targets of the power supply source on the switching board 2B.

The plurality of (here, three) specific loads 44A are electrically connected to the output terminal 25 (see FIG. 4) of the switching board 2B. That is, in the second modified example, at least a part of the circuits 4 to which the power supply source of the switching board 2B is switched is not the circuit 4 of one room but the plurality of rooms 71, 72, 73. It is the circuit 4 to be arranged.

As a result, when an earthquake occurs, the supply source of electric power to the specific load 44A installed in each of the plurality of rooms 71, 72, 73 is connected to the input terminal 22 from the regular power supply 5 connected to the input terminal 21. The backup power source 6 is switched to the current one. Therefore, when an earthquake occurs, the specific load 44A installed in each of the plurality of rooms 71, 72, 73 can be used as a supply source of the emergency power supply.

Further, the communication between the seismic sensing unit 23 and the switch 24 may be power line communication (PLC). Alternatively, the communication between the seismic sensing unit 23 and the switch 24 may be non-contact communication. The “contactless communication” in the present disclosure includes wireless communication using radio waves as a communication medium, communication using electromagnetic coupling, and optical communication using light as a communication medium. For example, the communication between the seismic sensing unit 23 and the switch 24 is wireless communication based on a communication standard such as a specific low power radio station in the 920 MHz band, Wi-Fi (registered trademark), or Bluetooth (registered trademark). You may.

In addition, the input terminals 21 and 22 used as power supply sources in the switching board 2 are not limited to the two first input terminals 21 and the second input terminals 22, and may be three or more input terminals. Good. In this case, the switching board 2 switches the power supply source of the electric power to the specific circuit 40 among three or more input terminals.

Further, the backup power source 6 may include, for example, a generator using the output of the internal combustion engine, wind power or human power, a fuel cell device, a solar power generation device, or the like, instead of or in addition to the secondary battery. With this type of backup power supply 6, charging of the secondary battery is not essential, and the electrical energy stored in the backup power supply 6 is unlikely to be exhausted even when an emergency situation such as a power failure is prolonged.

The earthquake detection unit 231 only needs to have a function of detecting the occurrence of an earthquake, and may not include the sensor 232 such as an acceleration sensor and an angular velocity sensor. For example, the earthquake detection unit 231 may detect the occurrence of an earthquake by receiving an electric signal from a sensor such as an acceleration sensor and an angular velocity sensor provided separately from the earthquake detection unit 231. The earthquake detection unit 231 may also detect the occurrence of an earthquake by receiving an “earthquake notification” that is an emergency earthquake bulletin or a push notification from a terminal such as a smartphone. That is, the earthquake detection unit 231 may determine that an earthquake has occurred by receiving the earthquake notification, and in this case, the seismic sensing unit 23 may transmit the earthquake occurrence signal to the switch 24. Further, the earthquake detection unit 231 may determine that an earthquake occurs when the shake (vibration) detected by the built-in sensor 232 reaches the seismic intensity of a certain threshold value or more and the earthquake notification is received.

Further, the distribution board 3 needs only to accommodate at least the branch breaker 41 in the distribution board cabinet 30, and at least one of the master breaker 31, the measurement unit 32, and the current measuring device 33 can be appropriately omitted.

In addition, it is not an essential configuration of the switching board 2 that the switching device 24 includes a mechanical contact like a mechanical relay (relay 241), and the switching device 24 connects the output terminal 25 to a plurality of input terminals. It suffices to selectively select between the terminals 21 and 22. For example, the switch 24 may have a semiconductor switch such as a transistor instead of the mechanical relay, and the semiconductor switch may switch the connection destination of the output terminal 25 between the plurality of input terminals 21 and 22.

The display unit 244 is not limited to the self-holding type display element, and may be, for example, an LED or an organic EL element.

Further, the current sensor 331 is not limited to the Rogowski coil, and may be, for example, a current transformer (current transformer), a Hall element, a magnetic resistance element such as a GMR (Giant Magnetic Resistances) element, or a sensor such as a shunt resistance.

Moreover, the distribution board 3 should just have the distribution board cabinet 30 and the some branch breaker 41, and the distribution board 3 has the measuring unit 32, the electric current measuring device 33, and the main current sensor 35. This is not an essential configuration for the power distribution system 1 and the distribution board system 10. That is, in the distribution board 3, the measurement unit 32, the current measuring device 33, and the main current sensor 35 may be appropriately omitted.

(Embodiment 2)
As shown in FIG. 7, the power distribution system 1 according to the present embodiment differs from the power distribution system 1 according to the first embodiment in further including an individual distribution board 8. Hereinafter, the same components as those in the first embodiment will be designated by the common reference numerals and the description thereof will be appropriately omitted.

The individual distribution board 8 is a small-scale distribution board provided for one room (in this embodiment, the room 71) corresponding to the circuit 4 to which the power supply source is switched by the switching board 2. The individual distribution board 8 has an individual cabinet 80 and a plurality of switches 81. The individual cabinet 80 houses a plurality of switches 81. The individual distribution board 8 is electrically connected to the output terminal 25 of the switching board 2 (see FIG. 4), and the power supplied from the switching board 2 is supplied to the plurality of switches 81 in a one-to-one correspondence. Of the load 43. That is, the load 43 is connected to each switch 81 via the wiring 42. All of the plurality of loads 43 connected to the individual distribution board 8 are included in the circuit 4 (that is, the specific circuit 40A) of the specific room (room 71).

Here, each switch 81 has a circuit determination function and a power adjustment function. The circuit determination function is a function of determining the state of the specific circuit 40A (including the wiring 42 and the load 43) connected to the switch 81. The power adjustment function is a function of adjusting the power supplied to the specific circuit 40A connected to the switch 81 based on the determination result of the circuit determination function. The “state of the specific circuit 40A” in the present disclosure includes a static state such as a configuration (connection relationship) of the wiring 42 and the load 43 included in the specific circuit 40A, an abnormality of the wiring 42 and the load 43, and a load 43. A dynamic state such as an operating state (on/off). An example of the static state is the type and number of loads 43 connected to the switch 81. An example of the dynamic state is the presence or absence of abnormality such as insulation deterioration or half-breakage in the wiring 42. The “half-break” in the present disclosure means a state in which a wire is about to be broken, and specifically, if the wiring 42 is a twisted wire, a part of the plurality of wires forming the twisted wire is used. The line is broken.

In particular, in this embodiment, the switch 81 uses the circuit determination function to extract the wiring 42 and the load 43 that are in a state where it is preferable to immediately shut off when an earthquake occurs. More specifically, the switch 81 determines, as the state of the specific circuit 40A, whether or not a fire may occur at least when an earthquake occurs. For example, in a heating device such as an electric stove and an IH cooking heater, a fall of the heating device or a fall of an object heated by the heating device may occur when an earthquake occurs, which may lead to a fire. Therefore, for example, the switch 81 to which such a heating device is connected as the load 43 is determined to be in a “can lead to fire” state. On the other hand, the switch 81 to which such a heating device is not connected as the load 43 is determined not to be in the “can lead to fire” state.

Further, for example, if the wiring 42 in which abnormality such as insulation deterioration or half-break has occurred continues to be energized, a short circuit may occur in the wiring 42 when an earthquake occurs, which may lead to a fire. Therefore, for example, the switch 81 to which the wiring 42 in which abnormality such as insulation deterioration or half-breakage has occurred is connected is determined to be in a “can lead to fire” state. On the other hand, the switch 81 to which the wiring 42 in which the insulation deterioration or the abnormality such as the half-breakage has occurred is not connected is determined not to be in the “fire-prone” state.

Here, the switch 81 determines the state of the specific circuit 40A based on the magnitude of the power supplied to the specific circuit 40A. That is, the plurality of switches 81 can determine the state of each wiring 42 and load 43 based on the magnitude of the power supplied to the wiring 42 and load 43 connected to each switch 81. For example, the switch 81 can determine the type and the number of the loads 43 from the change in the magnitude of the electric power. Further, a specific arc in the wiring 42 can be detected by a technique similar to that of the arc short circuit breaker (AFCI: Arc Fault Circuit Interrupter). That is, in the arc short-circuit protection circuit breaker, the electronic circuit can be used to recognize the current characteristic and the voltage characteristic peculiar to the arc fault on the wiring 42 and detect the arc fault on the wiring 42. Based on the same principle as this, the switch 81 can determine whether the wiring 42 is abnormal.

Then, the switch 81, when the supply source of the power to the specific circuit 40A is switched by the switching board 2, by the power adjustment function, based on the determination result of the state of the specific circuit 40A described above, the specific circuit 40A ( The power supplied to the wiring 42 and the load 43 is adjusted. “Adjusting power” in the present disclosure means adjusting the power supplied to the specific circuit 40A, and includes increasing or decreasing the power supplied to the specific circuit 40A. Therefore, setting the electric power supplied to the specific circuit 40A to zero (0), that is, electrically disconnecting the specific circuit 40A and the switching board 2 is also included in the “power adjustment”.

In the present embodiment, in the switching board 2, when the regular power supply 5 connected to the input terminal 21 is switched to the backup power supply 6 connected to the input terminal 22, the switch 81 is powered by the power adjustment function. Adjust. The switching of the power supply source to the specific circuit 40A on the switching board 2 is transmitted to the switch 81, for example, when the switch 81 receives an earthquake occurrence signal from the seismic unit 23. Specifically, when the plurality of switches 81 receive the earthquake occurrence signal from the seismic sensing unit 23, the plurality of switches 81 determine the states of the wiring 42 and the load 43 connected to each, and immediately shut off when an earthquake occurs. If is in a preferable state, it is immediately shut off. As an example, as described above, the switch 81 to which the load 43, which is a heating device such as the load 43 and is in a state that can lead to a fire when an earthquake occurs, is connected, when the earthquake occurrence signal from the seismic unit 23 is received, The wiring 42 and the load 43 are cut off from the switching board 2.

Therefore, in the event of an earthquake, for example, with respect to the load 43, such as an electric stove and an IH cooking heater, which is preferably immediately interrupted in the event of an earthquake, the power supply from the switching panel 2 can be immediately interrupted.

The circuit determination function may be provided separately from the switch 81. As an example, the circuit determination function may be mounted in a device that is housed in the individual cabinet 80 and that is different from the plurality of switches 81. Further, the switch 81 may be provided with a function of determining whether there is an abnormality in the wiring 42, and a wiring device such as an outlet may be provided with a function of determining whether the load 43 includes a heat source. Alternatively, a switch 81 having a function of determining whether there is an abnormality in the wiring 42 and a switch 81 having a function of determining whether or not the heat source is included in the load 43 are provided as individual switches 81. May be. Furthermore, at least a part of the functions of the power distribution system 1, for example, the circuit determination function may be realized by a cloud (cloud computing) or the like.

The various configurations (including the modified examples) described in the second embodiment can be appropriately combined with the various configurations (including the modified examples) described in the first embodiment.

(Embodiment 3)
In the power distribution system 1 according to the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 8, the circuit 4 that is the switching target of the power supply source on the switching board 2C is a plurality of circuits electrically connected to the first input terminal 21. 4 is different from the power distribution system 1 according to the second embodiment in that only some of the circuits 4 are included. Hereinafter, the same components as those in the second embodiment will be denoted by the same reference numerals and the description thereof will be appropriately omitted.

In the present embodiment, as a small-scale distribution board provided for one room (in this embodiment, the room 71) corresponding to the circuit 4 to which the power supply source is switched by the switching board 2C, two individual distribution boards are provided. Electrical boards 8A and 8B are provided. The configuration of each individual distribution board 8A, 8B is the same as that of the individual distribution board 8 described in the second embodiment. That is, the individual distribution board 8A has an individual cabinet 80A and a plurality of switches 81, and the individual distribution board 8B has an individual cabinet 80B and a plurality of switches 81.

Here, the individual distribution board 8A is electrically connected to the output terminal 25 (see FIG. 4) of the switching board 2C and is supplied from the switching board 2C, like the individual distribution board 8 of the second embodiment. Power is distributed to the plurality of loads 43 corresponding to the plurality of switches 81 in a one-to-one manner. On the other hand, the individual distribution board 8B is directly connected to the input terminal 21 (first input terminal) of the switching board 2C, and is supplied from the regular power supply 5 (see FIG. 4) supplied to the input terminal 21. Power is distributed to the plurality of loads 43 corresponding to the plurality of switches 81 in a one-to-one relationship. That is, the individual distribution board 8A is connected to the input terminal 21 (or the input terminal 22) via the switching unit 24, whereas the individual distribution board 8B is connected to the input terminal 21 without the switching unit 24. It is directly connected.

According to the above configuration, the circuits 4 to be the switching source of the power supply source on the switching board 2C are only some of the circuits 4 electrically connected to the input terminal 21. That is, the specific circuit 40A is electrically connected to the input terminal 21 via the individual distribution board 8A, and the specific circuit 40B is electrically connected to the input terminal 21 via the individual distribution board 8B. Of these two specific circuits 40A and 40B, the circuit 4 that is the switching target of the power supply source in the switching board 2C is only the specific circuit 40A connected to the input terminal 21 via the switch 24. In other words, the specific circuit 40B is always connected to the input terminal 21, and is not a target of switching the power supply source on the switching board 2C.

As described above, in the power distribution system 1 according to the present embodiment, not all of the plurality of circuits 4 (specific circuits 40A and 40B) connected to the switching board 2C, but only some of the circuits 4 are switched by the switching board 2C. The power supply source is switched. Therefore, for example, by connecting only the load 43 required for an earthquake such as a lighting device to the individual distribution board 8A, the power of the backup power supply 6 by the load 43 connected to the individual distribution board 8B. The consumption of can be suppressed. As a result, even when an emergency situation such as a power outage is prolonged, the electric energy stored in the backup power source 6 is unlikely to be exhausted.

Further, as in the third embodiment, the circuit 4 that is the switching target of the power supply source on the switching board 2C is a part of the plurality of circuits 4 electrically connected to the first input terminal 21. The configuration having only 4 can be adopted without the individual distribution boards 8A and 8B. That is, even if the individual distribution boards 8A and 8B are not provided, only some circuits 4 of the plurality of circuits 4 are connected to the input terminal 21 (or the input terminal 22) via the switch 24, and the remaining circuits 4 are not connected. The circuit 4 may be directly connected to the input terminal 21 without the switch 24.

The various configurations (including modified examples) described in the third embodiment can be appropriately combined with the various configurations (including modified examples) described in the first or second embodiment.

(Summary)
As described above, the power distribution system (1) according to the first aspect includes the earthquake detection unit (231) and the switching boards (2, 2A, 2B, 2C). The earthquake detector (231) detects the occurrence of an earthquake. The switching board (2, 2A, 2B, 2C) has at least a part of the circuit (4) between the plurality of input terminals (21, 22) including the first input terminal (21) and the second input terminal (22). ) Switch the power supply source. The first input terminal (21) is electrically connected to the utility power supply (5). The second input terminal (22) is electrically connected to the backup power supply (6). The switching board (2, 2A, 2B, 2C) uses the first input terminal (21 ) To the second input terminal (22).

According to this aspect, at the time of an earthquake, at least a part of the circuit (4) is switched by switching the power supply source to at least a part of the circuit (4) from the regular power supply (5) to the backup power supply (6). The power used in 4) can be secured. Therefore, according to the power distribution system (1), it is possible to more flexibly supply electric power in an emergency or the like, as compared with a configuration in which the main breaker (31) or the specific branch breaker (41) is simply shut off.

In the power distribution system (1) according to the second aspect, in the first aspect, the earthquake detector (231) has a sensor (232) that outputs an electric signal according to the vibration.

According to this aspect, the earthquake detection unit (231) can detect the occurrence of an earthquake even in an environment in which an external signal such as an earthquake early warning cannot be received.

In the power distribution system (1) according to the third aspect, in the first or second aspect, the switching board (2, 2A, 2B, 2C) is installed in a building (7) including a plurality of rooms (70). .. At least some of the circuits (4) are circuits (4) of one room (70) of the plurality of rooms (70).

According to this aspect, in the event of an earthquake, the source of electric power to the circuit (4) of the room (70) is switched from the regular power supply (5) to the backup power supply (6), so that the room (70) ) Can secure the power used in.

In the power distribution system (1) according to the fourth aspect, in the third aspect, the switching panel (2, 2A, 2B, 2C) is provided inside the room (70) or in a space adjacent to the room (70). Will be placed.

According to this aspect, the wiring length between the switching board (2, 2A, 2B, 2C) and the circuit (4) of the one room (70) can be kept relatively short.

In the power distribution system (1) which concerns on a 5th aspect, in any one of the 1st-4th aspects, at least one part circuit (4) is a plurality of electrically connected to a 1st input terminal (21). Only some of the circuits (4) are included.

According to this aspect, for example, by supplying the power from the backup power supply (6) to only a part of the circuit (4) necessary when an earthquake occurs, the power consumption of the backup power supply (6) is suppressed. be able to.

In the power distribution system (1) according to the sixth aspect, in any one of the first to fifth aspects, the switching panel (2, 2A, 2B, 2C) includes a switching panel cabinet (20) and a plurality of input terminals. And (21, 22). At least one input terminal (21, 22) of the plurality of input terminals (21, 22) is housed in the switching board cabinet (20).

According to this aspect, since at least one input terminal (21, 22) is housed in the switching board cabinet (20), a space for installing at least one input terminal (21, 22) is provided. It is not necessary to secure it separately from the installation space of the cabinet (20).

In the power distribution system (1) which concerns on a 7th aspect, in any one of the 1st-6th aspects, at least one part circuit (4) contains a lighting fixture.

According to this aspect, it becomes possible to supply the power from the backup power supply (6), for example, to a lighting device to which it is difficult to supply the power from other than the distribution board (3).

In the power distribution system (1) according to the eighth aspect, in any one of the first to seventh aspects, at least one input terminal (21) of the plurality of input terminals (21, 22) has at least one branch. It is electrically connected to the breaker (41). The at least one branch breaker (41) is at least one branch breaker (41) among the plurality of branch breakers (41) in the distribution board (3) different from the switching board (2, 2A, 2B, 2C). Is.

According to this aspect, when an abnormality such as overcurrent occurs after the switching boards (2, 2A, 2B, 2C), the switching breaker (2) is switched by the branch breaker (41) of the distribution board (3). 2A, 2B, 2C) can be cut off.

In the power distribution system (1) according to the ninth aspect, in any one of the first to eighth aspects, the switching board (2, 2A, 2B, 2C) has a charging terminal (27) for charging the backup power source (6). ) Has.

According to this aspect, since the backup power source (6) can be charged by the charging terminal (27) of the switching board (2, 2A, 2B, 2C), the backup is separately performed from the switching board (2, 2A, 2B, 2C). It is not necessary to provide a means for charging the power supply (6).

In the power distribution system (1) according to the tenth aspect, in any one of the first to ninth aspects, the switching board (2, 2A, 2B, 2C) has a storage space (a storage space for storing the disaster prevention supplies (K1, K2) ( Sp1).

According to this aspect, for example, in an emergency such as an earthquake, a typhoon, a landslide, or the like, the disaster prevention supplies (K1, K2) housed in the housing space (Sp1) can be used.

A distribution board system (10) according to an eleventh aspect is a switching board (2, 2A, 2B, 2C) used in the power distribution system (1) according to any one of the first to tenth aspects, and a distribution board. And (3).

According to this aspect, at the time of an earthquake, at least a part of the circuit (4) is switched by switching the power supply source to at least a part of the circuit (4) from the regular power supply (5) to the backup power supply (6). The power used in 4) can be secured. Therefore, according to the distribution board system (10), it is possible to more flexibly supply electric power in an emergency or the like as compared with a configuration in which only the main breaker (31) or the specific branch breaker (41) is cut off. it can.

The configurations according to the second to tenth aspects are not essential for the power distribution system (1) and can be omitted as appropriate.

1 power distribution system 2, 2A, 2B switching board 3 distribution board 6 backup power supply 7 building 10 distribution board system 20 switching board cabinet 21, 22 input terminal 27 charging terminal 41 branch breaker 43 load (lighting equipment)
70 rooms K1, K2 Disaster prevention article Sp1 accommodation space

Claims (11)

An earthquake detector that detects the occurrence of an earthquake,
A source of electric power to at least a part of circuits is provided between a plurality of input terminals including a first input terminal electrically connected to a utility power source and a second input terminal electrically connected to a backup power source. With a switching board to switch,
The switching board switches the supply source of electric power to the at least a part of the circuit from the first input terminal to the second input terminal when the occurrence of the earthquake is detected by the earthquake detection unit,
Power distribution system. The earthquake detection unit has a sensor that outputs an electric signal according to vibration,
The power distribution system according to claim 1. The switching board is installed in a building including a plurality of rooms,
The at least some circuits are circuits of one of the plurality of rooms,
The power distribution system according to claim 1. The switching board is arranged inside the one room or in a space adjacent to the one room,
The power distribution system according to claim 3. The at least some circuits are only some of the plurality of circuits electrically connected to the first input terminal.
The power distribution system according to any one of claims 1 to 4. The switching board has a switching board cabinet and the plurality of input terminals,
At least one input terminal of the plurality of input terminals is housed in the switching panel cabinet,
The power distribution system according to any one of claims 1 to 5. The at least some circuitry includes a luminaire,
The power distribution system according to any one of claims 1 to 6. At least one input terminal of the plurality of input terminals is electrically connected to at least one branch breaker of a plurality of branch breakers in a distribution board different from the switching board,
The power distribution system according to any one of claims 1 to 7. The switching board has a charging terminal for charging the backup power supply,
The power distribution system according to any one of claims 1 to 8. The switching board has a storage space for storing emergency supplies,
The power distribution system according to any one of claims 1 to 9. The switching panel used in the power distribution system according to claim 1.
And a distribution board,
Distribution board system.

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