JP2020082046A - Facility and method for methane fermentation treatment - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a facility and a method for methane fermentation treatment of a treatment object promoting methane fermentation and capable of downsizing the facility and reducing a running cost by carrying out the measure for reducing the factor inhibiting methane fermentation in response to that fermentation condition.SOLUTION: There are provided a facility for and a method of comprising a reaction tank for treating a treatment object by methane fermentation. The treatment facility comprises: a detection part detecting the condition of methane fermentation carried out in the reaction tank; an extraction part extracting a part of a content in the reaction tank in response to the condition of methane fermentation detected by the detection part; and an addition part adding a porous substance to the inflow material flowing in the reaction tank. The treatment method includes detecting the condition of methane fermentation, and removing the factor inhibiting the methane fermentation in the reaction tank in accordance with the detection result.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

The present invention relates to a treatment facility and a treatment method for methane fermentation treatment.

As a technique for treating organic waste liquid or organic waste, biological treatment using anaerobic microorganisms is widely performed. In particular, the methane fermentation treatment has been attracting attention as a highly useful technique because the generated methane can be used as energy together with the reduction of waste.

On the other hand, methane fermentation treatment using anaerobic microorganisms is known to require a long time for treatment, and the volume of the reaction tank for methane fermentation treatment tends to increase in order to increase the treatment amount. Therefore, there is a demand for a technique that makes the methane fermentation process highly efficient.

For example, in Patent Document 1, in a methane fermentation treatment of an organic waste liquid, after a solid component in the organic waste liquid is dispersed and a hardly soluble substance in the organic waste liquid after dispersion is modified into an easily soluble substance, , A processing apparatus and a processing method for performing a methane fermentation process are described. Further, Patent Document 1 describes that generation of methane gas can be promoted by performing a treatment for increasing the solubility of solid components in the organic waste liquid before performing the methane fermentation treatment.

JP 2004-8892A

When the object to be treated is in a form suitable for the methane fermentation treatment before performing the methane fermentation treatment as in Patent Document 1, a treatment facility other than a reaction tank for performing the methane fermentation treatment is required. For example, in Patent Document 1, an ozone treatment apparatus is provided that mechanically disperses solid components in an organic waste liquid, and ozone is used to chemically modify a hardly soluble substance in the organic waste liquid after dispersion. It is equipped with a processing device. Therefore, even if the efficiency of methane fermentation treatment is improved by the treatment device and treatment method of Patent Document 1, the treatment equipment is not downsized. In addition, it is difficult to introduce the facility especially in a small-scale treatment plant from the viewpoint of initial cost for facility maintenance and running cost during operation.

The efficiency of the methane fermentation process is also affected by the environment inside the reaction tank in which the methane fermentation is performed. For example, the efficiency of the methane fermentation process is reduced due to the presence of an inhibitory substance produced by the methane fermentation process and the decrease in the activity of microorganisms. In addition, since factors that inhibit methane fermentation include elements that differ depending on the stage of methane fermentation treatment, it is desirable to take measures in accordance with the state of methane fermentation in the reaction tank that performs methane fermentation. In particular, it is desirable to take appropriate measures not only during normal operation of the methane fermentation treatment equipment but also during shutdown and start-up of the treatment equipment.

An object of the present invention is to promote the methane fermentation by reducing the factors that inhibit the methane fermentation depending on the state of the methane fermentation when performing the methane fermentation treatment of the object to be treated, and downsizing the treatment equipment. And to provide a processing facility and a processing method capable of reducing the running cost.

The present inventor, as a result of extensive studies on the above problems, found that methane fermentation is promoted by taking measures to reduce the effect of inhibiting methane fermentation depending on the state of methane fermentation, and completed the present invention. did.
That is, the present invention is the following processing equipment and processing method. The processing method in the present invention also includes the technology related to the operating method of the processing equipment.

The processing equipment of the present invention for solving the above-mentioned problems is a processing equipment provided with a reaction tank for methane fermentation processing an object to be processed, a detection unit for detecting the state of methane fermentation performed in the reaction tank, and a detection unit. It is characterized in that it has a withdrawal part for withdrawing a part of the contents in the reaction tank according to the detected state of methane fermentation, and an addition part for adding a porous substance to the inflow material flowing into the reaction tank.
The treatment facility of the present invention detects the state of methane fermentation, and implements a measure for removing a factor that inhibits methane fermentation in the reaction tank according to the detection result. In addition to withdrawing a part of it, a porous substance is added to the inflow material flowing into the reaction tank. Thereby, methane fermentation can be promoted.

Moreover, as one embodiment of the processing equipment of the present invention, the addition section has a feature that the porous material is added to the content extracted by the extraction section.
According to this feature, by adding a porous substance to the extracted content to give it the ability to remove an inhibitor of methane fermentation, and by making it an influent that flows into the reaction product, methane fermentation It is possible to improve the effect of removing the factor that hinders. Further, since the methanogen contained in the contents can be circulated, the microorganisms can be effectively utilized.

Further, as an embodiment of the processing equipment of the present invention, the extraction unit has a feature that after the object to be processed in the reaction tank is settled and separated, the contents other than the object to be processed are extracted.
According to this feature, it is possible to effectively extract the contents containing the substance inhibiting the methane fermentation by extracting the contents other than the treated object that has been separated by sedimentation, and improve the removal effect of the factor inhibiting the methane fermentation. It becomes possible.

Further, as an embodiment of the processing facility of the present invention, the detection unit is characterized in that it has a detector for detecting the ammonia concentration or the digested gas generation amount.
According to this feature, it is possible to judge the state of methane fermentation by the concentration of an inhibitor of methane fermentation (ammonia) or a product of methane fermentation (digestion gas). As a result, it becomes possible to properly make a judgment regarding the deterioration of the methane fermentation performance.

The processing equipment of the present invention for solving the above-mentioned problems is a processing equipment provided with a reaction tank for methane fermentation processing an object to be processed, a detection unit for detecting the state of methane fermentation performed in the reaction tank, and a detection unit. It is characterized in that it has an adding section for adding a porous substance to the inflow substance flowing into the reaction tank according to the detected state of methane fermentation.
The treatment facility of the present invention detects the state of methane fermentation and implements a measure for removing a factor that inhibits methane fermentation in the reaction tank according to the detection result. A porous material is added to the product. Thereby, methane fermentation can be promoted.

Further, as an embodiment of the treatment facility of the present invention, the porous substance has a feature that the particle size is 1 mm or less.
According to this feature, the porous substance is not a carrier of microorganisms, but can effectively exert a function as an additive that adsorbs and holds an inhibitor of methane fermentation such as ammonia and promotes methane fermentation treatment, It is possible to further increase the methane fermentation rate.

Moreover, one embodiment of the treatment facility of the present invention is characterized in that the porous substance is powdered activated carbon.
According to this feature, not only the effect of removing the inhibitor of methane fermentation by the porous substance but also the effect of promoting the electrosymbiotic reaction of the microorganisms possessed by activated carbon can be obtained. Can be raised.

The treatment method of the present invention for solving the above-mentioned problems, in the treatment method of subjecting the object to be treated to methane fermentation in the reaction tank, a detection means for detecting the state of methane fermentation performed in the reaction tank, and the detection means. It is characterized in that it is provided with a withdrawing means for withdrawing a part of the contents in the reaction tank according to the state of methane fermentation and an adding means for adding a porous substance to the inflow material flowing into the reaction tank.
The treatment method of the present invention detects the state of methane fermentation and implements a measure for removing a factor that inhibits methane fermentation in the reaction tank according to the detection result. In addition to withdrawing a part of it, a porous substance is added to the inflow material flowing into the reaction tank. Thereby, methane fermentation can be promoted.

The treatment method of the present invention for solving the above-mentioned problem is a treatment method of subjecting a treatment object to methane fermentation treatment in a reaction tank, wherein the reaction tank is porous within 1 day before and after stopping the methane fermentation treatment in the reaction tank. It is characterized in that it has an adding means for adding a substance.
The treatment method of the present invention is to carry out a measure for removing a factor that inhibits methane fermentation in the reaction tank according to the state of methane fermentation when the methane fermentation treatment facility is stopped, and the reaction tank is used as a countermeasure. The porous substance is added to the reaction tank within 1 day before and after the methane fermentation treatment is stopped. By this, by adding a porous substance before the microorganisms fall into a starvation state and suppressing the decrease in the activity of the microorganisms, the factor inhibiting methane fermentation can be removed and the methane fermentation rate can be increased.

The operation start-up method of the treatment equipment of the present invention for solving the above-mentioned problems is a method of starting up the treatment equipment for methane fermentation treatment of the object to be treated in the reaction equipment. It is characterized in that it is provided with an addition means for adding a porous substance.
The operation start-up method of the treatment equipment of the present invention is to implement a measure for removing a factor that inhibits methane fermentation in the reaction tank according to the state of methane fermentation at the time of operation start-up of the treatment equipment. The porous material is added to the reaction tank when the processing equipment is started up. Thereby, by adding a porous substance to remove the inhibitory substance of methane fermentation in the reaction tank, and by increasing the activity of the microorganism, the factor inhibiting methane fermentation can be removed and the methane fermentation can be promoted. ..

According to the present invention, when performing methane fermentation treatment of an object to be treated, methane fermentation is promoted by taking measures to reduce factors that inhibit methane fermentation according to the state of methane fermentation, and downsizing of treatment equipment is achieved. It is possible to provide a processing facility and a processing method capable of reducing the running cost.

It is a schematic explanatory drawing of the processing equipment which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic explanatory drawing of the processing equipment which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a graph showing the amount of methane production about the verification test concerning the effect of supernatant liquid extraction and porous substance addition in methane fermentation processing. It is a schematic explanatory drawing of the processing equipment which concerns on the 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic explanatory drawing of the processing equipment which concerns on the 4th Embodiment of this invention. It is a graph showing the amount of methane production when a 1st generation microorganism is used about the comparative test concerning the effect of the porous substance addition in the methane fermentation treatment. It is a graph showing the amount of methane production when using the microorganism of the 2nd generation about the comparative test concerning the effect of the porous substance addition in the methane fermentation treatment.

The treatment facility of the present invention is a treatment facility for subjecting a treatment target to a methane fermentation treatment, and includes a reaction tank for performing an anaerobic treatment with a methanogen.

Examples of the processing target include food waste, food waste, vegetation, organic waste water containing sludge, livestock excrement, organic waste liquid such as excess sludge, and organic waste. The object to be treated is not limited to this, and any object containing an organic substance that can be subjected to methane fermentation treatment under anaerobic conditions is a subject of the present invention.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Note that the processing equipment described in the embodiment is merely an example for explaining the processing equipment according to the present invention, and is not limited to this. Further, the processing method of the present embodiment is merely an example for explaining the processing method using the following processing equipment, and is not limited to this.

The treatment facility and the treatment method of the present invention take measures in accordance with the state of methane fermentation in the reaction tank for methane fermentation. Therefore, the embodiment according to the present invention will be described by dividing the normal operation of the processing equipment, the operation stop of the processing equipment and the start-up of the processing equipment, and exemplifying a suitable processing equipment and a processing method for each.

(Treatment equipment and treatment method during normal operation)
The normal operation in this embodiment means that the treatment equipment is in an operating state and the methane fermentation treatment is continuously performed. The degree of methane fermentation efficiency is not particularly limited as long as methane fermentation treatment is carried out except for abnormal operation due to a malfunction of the treatment equipment.

[First Embodiment]
FIG. 1 shows a schematic explanatory diagram of a processing facility according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
The treatment facility 1a according to the present invention is a treatment facility for treating the object to be treated by methane fermentation, and as shown in FIG. Detection unit 3 for detecting the state of methane fermentation. Further, the treatment facility 1a according to the present invention, as a measure for reducing the factor that inhibits methane fermentation, withdraws a part of the content S1 in the reaction tank 2 according to the state of methane fermentation detected by the detection unit 3. It is provided with a part 4 and an addition part 5 for adding the porous substance P to the inflow substance S2 flowing into the reaction tank 2. Further, as shown in FIG. 1, a concentrating tank 6 may be provided before the reaction tank 2, and a dehydrating facility 7 may be provided after the reaction tank 2. A biogas utilization facility including a desulfurization device and a gas storage tank for recovering and utilizing the methane gas generated from the reaction tank 2 may be provided (not shown). Note that the dashed-dotted arrow in FIG. 1 indicates that they are connected in a controllable manner.

The concentration tank 6 is not particularly limited as long as it is an apparatus for concentrating the solid content in the water to be treated. For example, a sedimentation separation tank for sedimenting and concentrating the solid content or a centrifugal separation for separating the solid content by centrifugal force. Examples include devices. If necessary, a flocculant or the like is added to the concentration tank 6 in order to accelerate the separation of solids.

The dehydration facility 7 is a facility for separating solid components in the anaerobically treated treatment liquid. For example, a centrifugal separator that separates solids by centrifugal force, a filter that separates solids by filtration, and the like can be used. As the dehydrating device 7, a filtering device is preferable from the viewpoint of having an excellent effect of reducing the water content of solids. Furthermore, it is preferable to provide a sedimentation separation tank, a centrifugal separation device, etc. in the preceding stage of the filtration device. In addition, a flocculant or the like is added to the dehydration facility 7 as needed in order to accelerate the separation of solids. The solid content dehydrated by the dehydration equipment 7 is treated by incineration equipment, drying equipment, carbonization equipment, or the like.

The reaction tank 2 is a processing tank for subjecting the processing object S to a methane fermentation process, and its specific structure is not particularly limited. The structure of the reaction tank 2 is preferably selected as appropriate according to the object to be treated. For example, a structure of a treatment tank used for anaerobic treatment of organic wastewater containing a large amount of liquid components, or a structure of a treatment tank used for anaerobic treatment of organic waste containing a large amount of solid components can be used. .. Specific structures of the reaction tank 2 include the structure of a digestion tank, the structure of a processing tank related to the UASB (Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket) method and the EGSB (Expanded Granular Sludge Bed) method.
In addition, in the following description, the structure of the digestion tank is illustrated as the reaction tank 2 in the processing equipment 1a of the first embodiment of the present invention, but the structure is not limited thereto.

The reaction tank 2 in the treatment facility 1a according to the first embodiment of the present invention is a digestion tank that performs methane fermentation by reacting the processing object S and microorganisms under anaerobic conditions, and is closed to maintain anaerobic properties. It is desirable to use a container.

The reaction tank 2 in the present embodiment is preferably provided with a stirring section 21 for stirring the inside. As a specific configuration of the stirring unit 21, for example, a unit including a stirring blade 21a installed on a rotating shaft as shown in FIG. Further, as another aspect, gas stirring may be performed in which an inert gas such as nitrogen gas is supplied into the reaction tank 2 to perform stirring.
In addition, the shape of the bottom of the reaction tank 2 is preferably inclined. This facilitates the recovery of the solid residue and improves the stirring efficiency at the bottom of the reaction tank 2.
Furthermore, other structures related to the reaction tank 2 are not particularly limited. For example, it may be provided with an internal structure for improving stirring efficiency.

The detection unit 3 detects the state of methane fermentation in the reaction tank 2. The detection unit 3 may be provided in the reaction tank 2 or may be provided so as to be able to detect the treated water W discharged from the reaction tank 2.
The state of methane fermentation can be estimated by the amount of ammonia, which is an inhibitor that inhibits methane fermentation, or the amount of digested gas (methane gas) produced. For example, when the amount of ammonia exceeds a predetermined value, it is determined that the methane fermentation performance is decreasing. Also, when the amount of methane gas decreases below a predetermined value, it is determined that the methane fermentation performance is decreasing.
Specific examples of the configuration of the detection unit 3 include an ammonia detector that detects the ammonia concentration or a methane gas detector that detects the methane gas concentration. The detector may be a gas detector or may be a detector that detects a substance dissolved in water such as the treated water W. In particular, it is preferable to use an ammonia detector as the detector 3. As a result, by directly monitoring the ammonia concentration, which is a factor that inhibits methane fermentation, it becomes possible to take measures against ammonia at an appropriate timing.
In the present embodiment, as the means for detecting the state of methane fermentation, the means for detecting the concentration of ammonia or the concentration of methane gas is shown, but the means is not limited to this. As a means for detecting the state of methane fermentation, the amount of another inhibitor that inhibits methane fermentation may be detected. For example, those that detect the concentration of volatile organic acids such as acetic acid, propionic acid, and butyric acid can be mentioned.
In this way, by detecting the state of methane fermentation based on the concentration of various inhibitory substances or the concentration of generated methane gas, it becomes possible to take measures against the factors that inhibit methane fermentation at appropriate timing.

The extraction unit 4 extracts a part of the content S1 in the reaction tank 2 according to the state of methane fermentation detected by the detection unit 3, and is provided in the reaction tank 2. Further, the withdrawal by the withdrawal unit 4 is one of the measures to remove the factor that inhibits the methane fermentation in the reaction tank 2.
The pulling-out section 4 may be one whose pulling-out operation is controlled according to the detection result of the detector 3, and its specific structure is not particularly limited. For example, as shown in FIG. 1, there may be mentioned a structure in which a pipe 41 having a flow rate adjusting function is provided on the side wall of the reaction tank 2. Further, as another aspect, a structure in which a pipe for drawing out is introduced into the reaction tank 2 may be used. Further, in consideration of the extraction efficiency, a pump or the like for sucking the contents S1 in the reaction tank 2 through the pipe may be provided (not shown).

The content S1 drawn by the drawing unit 4 may be either a solid component or a liquid component in the reaction tank 2. For example, when it is determined by the detection result of the detection unit 3 that the methane fermentation performance is deteriorated, the stirring unit 21 in the reaction tank 2 is stopped and the object to be treated (solid component) is separated by sedimentation in the reaction tank 2. After that, the content S1 other than the object to be treated (for example, the supernatant or the like) may be extracted. As a result, the contents S1 containing a substance that inhibits methane fermentation (for example, ammonia) can be extracted, and a factor that inhibits methane fermentation can be effectively removed from the reaction tank 2. Become.

After the content S1 (liquid component) is extracted by the extraction unit 4, it is preferable to adjust the water content of the reaction tank 2 in consideration of the stirring efficiency in the reaction tank 2 and the methane fermentation treatment efficiency. Examples of means for adjusting the amount of water in the reaction tank 2 include returning the contents S1 to the reaction tank 2 via a return path L, as shown in FIG. As another aspect, instead of the content S1, the treated water W from another treatment tank or treatment equipment may be supplied to the reaction tank 2.
Since the content S1 contains methanogenic bacteria, it is preferably returned to the reaction tank 2 through the return path L and used. In particular, it is preferable to return the content S1 to which the porous substance P is added to the reaction tank 2 via the adding section 5 described later. As a result, the content S1 in the state of having the ability to remove the substance inhibiting methane fermentation can be returned to the reaction tank 2, and together with the withdrawal by the withdrawing unit 4, a measure for removing the factor inhibiting the methane fermentation. It becomes possible to do.
Further, by supplying the contents S1 containing the porous substance P or the treated water W instead of the contents S1 to the reaction tank 2, the cleaning effect of the object S to be treated in the reaction tank 2 and the inside of the reaction tank 2 The effect of diluting the concentration of the inhibitory substance of methane fermentation is exerted, and the measure for removing the factor inhibiting methane fermentation can be more effectively taken.

The addition unit 5 is for adding the porous substance P to the inflow substance S2 flowing into the reaction tank 2. In addition, the addition of the porous substance P by the addition unit 5 is one of the measures to remove the factor that inhibits the methane fermentation in the reaction tank 2.
The specific structure of the addition part 5 is not particularly limited. For example, as shown in FIG. 1, a storage tank 51 for the porous substance P is provided, and the storage tank 51 is added via a pipe 52.

The inflow substance S2 flowing into the reaction tank 2 is the treatment object S to be subjected to the methane fermentation treatment, the content S1 extracted by the extraction unit 4, and the treated water W supplied to the reaction tank 2 instead of the extracted content S1. Any or all of the above may be used. For example, the addition part 5 may be provided in the supply path of the processing object S to be subjected to the methane fermentation process. Further, the addition section 5 may be provided in the supply path of the treated water W to be supplied to the reaction tank 2 instead of the content S1 extracted by the extraction section 4. This makes it possible to remove the substance inhibiting methane fermentation in the reaction tank 2. In particular, as shown in FIG. 1, it is preferable to provide the addition section 5 in the return path L for returning the contents S1 extracted by the extraction section 4 to the reaction tank 2. As a result, the content S1 in the state of having the ability to remove the substance inhibiting methane fermentation can be returned to the reaction tank 2, and, together with the withdrawal by the withdrawing section 4, a measure for removing the factor inhibiting the methane fermentation. It becomes possible to do.

Further, the amount and timing of adding the porous substance P from the addition unit 5 to the inflow matter S2 is not particularly limited. A predetermined amount of the porous substance P may be added every predetermined time, or may be continuously added. Further, when the porous substance P is added to the content S1 pulled out by the pulling section 4, the porous substance P may be added at the timing when the content S1 is pulled out.

As the porous substance P, it is preferable to use a substance having a microporous property and capable of adsorbing an inhibitor of methane fermentation. In particular, it is preferable to use, as the porous substance P, a substance having an excellent ability to adsorb ammonia, which is a substance inhibiting methane fermentation. Specific examples of such a porous substance P include, for example, activated carbon, zeolite, silica and the like. This makes it possible to remove a factor that inhibits methane fermentation, and has the effect of increasing the efficiency of methane fermentation treatment.
It is particularly preferable to use activated carbon as the porous substance P. Activated carbon is known to induce electrosymbiosis between microorganisms and promote a symbiotic reaction, which further exerts the effect of increasing the efficiency of methane fermentation treatment.

The porous substance P in the present embodiment functions not as a carrier for microorganisms but as an additive that adsorbs and holds an inhibitor of methane fermentation and promotes methane fermentation of the object to be treated. Therefore, the particle diameter of the porous substance P is preferably 1 mm or less, and more preferably 200 μm or less. The particle size of the porous material is measured according to JIS standard (K1474).
Generally, the smaller the particle size of the porous substance P, the smaller the pore size. In addition, ammonia, which is an inhibitor of methane fermentation, is smaller than microorganisms and does not form aggregates like microorganisms, so that it easily enters into a small pore size and is easily adsorbed and retained. As a result, the inhibitor of methane fermentation is more easily adsorbed and retained in the porous substance P in the present embodiment than the microorganism, and the effect of increasing the methane fermentation rate of the object to be treated is further exerted. When activated carbon is used as the porous substance P, it is preferable to use powdered activated carbon having a particle size of 1 mm or less. The smaller the particle size of the activated carbon, the shorter the distance between the microorganisms mediated by the activated carbon, so that the effect of further promoting the electrosymbiotic reaction of the microorganisms can be obtained.

As described above, in the processing equipment 1a of the present embodiment, the operation of withdrawing the contents S1 in the reaction tank 2 from the withdrawal section 4 is controlled based on the state of methane fermentation detected by the detection section 3, and the addition section is also used. The porous substance P can be added to the inflow substance S2 flowing into the reaction tank 2 from 5. This makes it possible to provide a treatment facility that promotes methane fermentation by taking measures to reduce factors that inhibit methane fermentation depending on the state of methane fermentation.
In addition, by performing the methane fermentation treatment using this treatment facility 1a, it is possible to implement a treatment method that promotes methane fermentation by taking measures to reduce factors that inhibit methane fermentation depending on the state of methane fermentation. ..

[Second Embodiment]
FIG. 2 is a schematic explanatory view showing the structure of the processing equipment 1b according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
The processing equipment 1b is connected so that the addition unit 5 in the processing equipment 1a of the first embodiment can be controlled by the detection result of the detection unit 3. At this time, the pull-out portion 4 may or may not be provided. When the extraction unit 4 is provided, the detection unit 3 may be controllably connected to the extraction unit 4 and the addition unit 5 as shown in FIG. 2, or only the detection unit 3 and the addition unit 5 are controllably connected. It may be done. Moreover, although the ammonia detector is illustrated as the detection unit 3 in the present embodiment, it is not limited to this as long as it can detect the concentration of the methane fermentation inhibitor or the methane gas concentration. In the processing equipment 1b shown in FIG. 2, the description of the same structure as the processing equipment 1a of the first embodiment is omitted.

The treatment facility 1b of the present embodiment controls the operation of adding the porous substance P to the inflow substance S2 flowing into the reaction tank 2 from the addition unit 5 based on the ammonia concentration detected by the detection unit 3.
For example, 1000 mg/L is used as a reference value as the ammonia concentration detected by the detection unit 3, and when it exceeds this reference value, it is determined that the methane fermentation performance is reduced, and the porosity from the addition unit 5 to the influent S2 increases from the addition unit 5. The active substance P may be added.

In this way, by controlling the operation of adding the porous substance P according to the detection result of the detector 3, countermeasures against the inhibitor of methane fermentation are taken at an appropriate timing, and the factor inhibiting methane fermentation is reduced. It becomes possible to implement measures.

Next, the results of verification of methane fermentation promotion by providing the extraction unit 4 and the addition unit 5 will be described. In this verification, the operation of withdrawing the supernatant liquid from the solid component containing the processing object S corresponds to the provision of the extraction section 4, and the operation of adding the porous substance P to the processing object S is the addition section. 5 has been verified as equivalent to the provision of No. 5, and does not limit the scope of the present invention with respect to other conditions.

As Example 1, powdered activated carbon was added as a porous substance P to a medium containing a microorganism (methanogen) to adjust it, and acetic acid was added as a processing target S to perform a methane fermentation test to produce methane. The quantity was measured. In addition, as Example 2, after adjusting the medium by adding a porous substance to the medium and adding acetic acid as the object S to be processed by centrifugation, the resulting supernatant liquid was drawn out and replaced with purified water. A methane fermentation test was conducted to measure the amount of methane produced. On the other hand, as Comparative Example 1, a methane fermentation test was performed on a medium prepared without adding a porous substance to the medium, and the amount of methane produced was measured.
Here, Example 1 corresponds to one including only the addition section 5, and Example 2 corresponds to one including the extraction section 4 and the addition section 5.

FIG. 3 is a graph showing the amount of methane produced in Example 1, Example 2 and Comparative Example 1.
As a breakdown of the graph, Example 1 is shown by a white circle, Example 2 is shown by a black square, and Comparative Example is shown by a black triangle. In addition, the horizontal axis represents the culture time in days, and the vertical axis represents the methane production amount.

From the results of FIG. 3, it can be seen that methane fermentation is promoted in both Example 1 and Example 2 as compared with Comparative Example 1. In particular, it can be seen that the methane fermentation is further promoted by performing the operation corresponding to the provision of the extraction section 4 and the addition section 5 as in Example 2. Further, it can be seen that methane fermentation is promoted as compared with Comparative Example 1 even if only the operation corresponding to the provision of the addition unit 5 as in Example 1 is performed. In addition, when comparing Example 1 and Comparative Example 1, the difference in the methane production amount increases with the passage of time. Therefore, the addition of the porous substance P in the methane fermentation treatment reduces the methane fermentation performance. It can be seen that can be suppressed for a long period of time.

(Treatment equipment and treatment method when operation is stopped)
In the present embodiment, the operation stop refers to stopping the processing equipment in the operating state. For example, it may be stopped from the normal operation due to the end of the process, or may be stopped during a predetermined period such as maintenance, which is to be stopped in advance. It also includes a stop caused by an abnormal operation due to a malfunction of the processing equipment.

[Third Embodiment]
FIG. 4 is a schematic explanatory view showing the structure of the processing equipment 1c according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
This treatment equipment 1c is provided with an addition unit 8 for adding the porous substance P to the reaction tank 2, and adds the porous substance P within one day before and after stopping the methane fermentation treatment in the reaction tank 2.
After the operation is stopped, the supply of the processing object S is stopped, so that the microorganisms (methane-producing bacteria) in the reaction tank 2 become starved, and the activity of the microorganisms decreases. Therefore, as a measure to reduce the factor that inhibits methane fermentation, the porous substance P is added before the microorganisms completely fall into a starvation state, that is, within one day before and after the methane fermentation treatment in the reaction tank 2 is stopped. , Which stably maintains the activity of microorganisms.
Further, in the processing equipment 1c of this embodiment, the detection unit 3 and the extraction unit 4 in the first embodiment may or may not be provided. In the processing equipment 1c shown in FIG. 4, description of the same structure as the processing equipment 1a of the first embodiment is omitted.

The addition unit 8 of the present embodiment is not particularly limited as long as it can supply the porous substance P to the reaction tank 2. For example, as shown in FIG. 4, a structure in which a storage tank 81 and a pipe 82 are provided above the reaction tank 2 can be mentioned. As another aspect, the structure may be such that the porous substance P is added to the concentrating tank 6 provided in the preceding stage of the reaction tank 2, and the porous substance P is indirectly added to the reaction tank 2. Good. Further, as another aspect, it may have a structure similar to that of the addition portion 5 shown in the first embodiment.
Further, the addition unit 8 of the present embodiment may have a control unit 83 that controls the addition of the porous substance P. For example, the control unit 83 performs control based on the date and time, such as a calendar, and inputs information regarding the date and time when the processing facility 1c stops in advance such as regular maintenance, and the porous material is added to the reaction tank 2 based on the information. You may add P. Further, as shown in FIG. 4, the control unit 83 is controllably connected to the detection unit 3 in the first embodiment, and the result detected by the detection unit 3 causes the methane fermentation process to stop in the reaction tank 2. If it is determined that the porous substance P is added, the porous substance P may be added to the reaction tank 2.

As described above, the treatment equipment 1c of the present embodiment is provided with the addition unit 8 for adding the porous substance P in the reaction tank 2, and within one day before and after the methane fermentation treatment in the reaction tank 2 is stopped. 8, the porous substance P is added. This makes it possible to take measures to reduce the factors that inhibit methane fermentation due to the starvation state of microorganisms.

(Treatment equipment and treatment method at start-up)
When the operation is started up in the present embodiment, the operation period until the target load is newly supplied by newly supplying the object to be processed into the reaction tank of the newly installed processing facility, and the normal operation is performed, or the processing facility after the operation is stopped. It refers to the operation period until the normal operation is restarted.

[Fourth Embodiment]
FIG. 5: is a schematic explanatory drawing which shows the structure of the processing equipment 1d of the 4th Embodiment of this invention.
This treatment equipment 1d is provided with an addition unit 8 for adding the porous substance P to the reaction tank 2, and adds the porous substance P when the operation related to the methane fermentation treatment in the reaction tank 2 is started up.
At the time of start-up of operation, whether to start operation of new treatment equipment or restart operation of treatment equipment that has been stopped, it is necessary to operate the treatment equipment from a state in which the activity of microorganisms in the reaction tank 2 is reduced. Therefore, it takes time to recover the methane fermentation processing efficiency of the processing object S to the same level as during normal operation. Therefore, as a measure for reducing the factor that inhibits methane fermentation, the porous substance P is added to the reaction tank 2 to remove the methane fermentation inhibitor existing in the reaction tank 2 and to increase the activity of the microorganism. It is in an elevated state.
In addition, in the processing equipment 1d of this embodiment, the detection unit 3 and the extraction unit 4 in the first embodiment may or may not be provided. In the treatment equipment 1d shown in FIG. 5, the description of the same structure as the treatment equipment 1c of the third embodiment is omitted.

The addition unit 8 of the present embodiment may have a control unit 84 that controls the addition of the porous substance P. For example, the control unit 84 performs control based on the date and time, such as a calendar, and inputs in advance information about the service start date and time or the operation restart date and time of the processing equipment 1d in advance, and the reaction tank 2 is porous based on the information. The substance P may be added.

As described above, the treatment equipment 1d of the present embodiment is provided with the addition part 8 for adding the porous substance P in the reaction tank 2, and the addition part 8 is used for porosity when the operation related to methane fermentation in the reaction tank 2 is started. The active substance P is added. As a result, it is possible to remove the inhibitory substance of methane fermentation in the reaction tank 2, suppress the decrease in the activity of microorganisms, and take measures to reduce the factors that inhibit methane fermentation.

When the operation is stopped and the operation is started up, the substances required for the activity of the microorganisms such as the processing object S are not sufficiently supplied, so that the microorganisms become starved and the activity of the microorganisms is apt to decrease. Therefore, the results of verifying the promotion of methane fermentation by adding the porous substance P by substituting a hungry microorganism for methane fermentation treatment will be described. In addition, this verification was conducted when the first generation was a microorganism that had undergone methane fermentation for a certain period of time, and then when the second generation of microorganisms that had been starved for a certain period of time had a portion of the first microorganism planted It was verified as a comparative experiment on the presence or absence of addition of the porous substance P, and does not limit the scope of the present invention with respect to other conditions.

As Example 3, powdered activated carbon was added as a porous substance P to a medium containing a microorganism (methanogen) to adjust it, and acetic acid was added as a treatment target S to perform a methane fermentation test for a certain period. The amount of methane produced was measured. The microorganism at this time was used as the first generation and left to stand for 8 days to be starved. Next, 20% of the first-generation microorganisms were subcultured into a new medium, the medium was adjusted as the second-generation microorganisms, acetic acid was added again, and a methane fermentation test was performed to measure the amount of methane produced. On the other hand, as Comparative Example 2, a methane fermentation test was conducted in the same procedure as in Example 3 except that the porous substance P was not added to the medium, and the amount of methane produced was measured.

FIG. 6 is a graph showing the amount of methane produced by the first-generation microorganisms in Example 3 and Comparative Example 2. FIG. 7 is a graph showing the methane production amount of the second-generation microorganisms in Example 3 and Comparative Example 2.
As a breakdown of the graph, white circles in Example 3 and black triangles in Comparative Example are shown. In addition, the horizontal axis represents the culture time in days, and the vertical axis represents the methane production amount.

From the results in FIG. 6, in the first-generation microorganisms, no significant difference was observed in the methane production amount in both Example 3 and Comparative Example 2. However, from the results of FIG. 7, it can be seen that in the second-generation microorganisms that have undergone starvation, the rate of increase in methane production in Example 3 is faster than that in Comparative Example 2. Comparing FIG. 6 and FIG. 7, in Example 3, since the methane production amount in the first-generation microorganisms and the methane production amount in the second-generation microorganisms increased with the same slope, in Example 3, the porous substance was used. It can be seen that the addition of P suppresses the deterioration of methane fermentation performance due to the starvation state of microorganisms.

As described above, in the treatment facility and the treatment method according to the present embodiment, according to the state of methane fermentation, by performing the methane fermentation treatment in a state in which the factor inhibiting methane fermentation is removed, the methane fermentation rate of the treatment target Can be raised. This makes it possible to downsize the methane fermentation treatment facility and reduce the running cost.

The above-mentioned embodiment shows an example of processing equipment and a processing method. The processing equipment and the processing method according to the present invention are not limited to the above-described embodiments, and the processing equipment and the processing method according to the above-described embodiments may be modified within the scope not changing the gist of the claims. Good.

For example, the treatment method of the present invention is not limited to the treatment method related to the treatment equipment exemplified in the description of the treatment method, and can be applied to any of the treatment equipment shown in the present embodiment.

Further, in the treatment facility and the treatment method of the present invention, additives other than the porous substance may be added as long as the effect of promoting methane fermentation by the porous substance is not impaired.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The treatment facility and treatment method of the present invention are used for methane fermentation treatment of an object to be treated such as an organic waste liquid or an organic waste under anaerobic conditions. For example, it is preferably used for treating sludge generated in a water treatment process such as sewage treatment. Further, it is preferably used for treating local biomass such as food waste, food waste, and vegetation generated locally.

1a, 1b, 1c, 1d treatment equipment, 2 reaction tanks, 21 stirring sections, 21a stirring blades, 3 detection sections, 4 extraction sections, 41 piping, 5 addition sections, 51 storage tanks, 52 piping, 6 concentration tanks, 7 dehydration Equipment, 8 Addition part, 81 Storage tank, 82 Piping, 83, 84 Control part, L return path, P porous material, S treatment object, S1 content, S2 inflow material, W treated water

Claims (10)

In a treatment facility equipped with a reaction tank for methane fermentation treating an object to be treated,
A detection unit for detecting the state of methane fermentation performed in the reaction tank,
Withdrawal unit for withdrawing a part of the contents in the reaction tank according to the state of methane fermentation detected by the detection unit,
A treatment facility, comprising: an addition unit that adds a porous material to an inflow material that flows into the reaction tank. The processing facility according to claim 1, wherein the adding unit adds a porous substance to the content extracted by the extracting unit. The processing facility according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the extraction unit withdraws the contents other than the object to be processed after the object to be processed in the reaction tank is settled and separated. The said detection part is equipped with the detector which detects the ammonia concentration or the amount of digestive gas generation, The processing facility as described in any one of Claims 1-3 characterized by the above-mentioned. In a treatment facility equipped with a reaction tank for methane fermentation treating an object to be treated,
A detection unit for detecting the state of methane fermentation performed in the reaction tank,
A treatment facility, comprising: an addition unit configured to add a porous substance to an inflow substance flowing into the reaction tank according to a state of methane fermentation detected by the detection unit. The particle size of the said porous substance is 1 mm or less, The processing equipment as described in any one of Claims 1-5 characterized by the above-mentioned. The said porous substance is powdered activated carbon, The processing equipment as described in any one of Claims 1-6 characterized by the above-mentioned. In the processing method of subjecting the object to be processed to methane fermentation in a reaction tank,
Detection means for detecting the state of methane fermentation performed in the reaction tank,
Withdrawing means for withdrawing a part of the contents in the reaction tank according to the state of methane fermentation detected by the detecting means,
And a means for adding a porous substance to the inflow material flowing into the reaction tank. In the processing method of subjecting the object to be processed to methane fermentation in a reaction tank,
A treatment method comprising: an addition means for adding a porous substance to the reaction tank within one day before and after stopping the methane fermentation treatment in the reaction tank. In the operation start-up method of the treatment equipment for subjecting the treatment target to methane fermentation treatment in the reaction tank,
A method for starting up the operation of the processing equipment, comprising an addition means for adding a porous substance to the reaction tank when the operation for the processing equipment is started up.

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