JP2020081502A - Medical device - Google Patents

Abstract

To make a medical device such as a dissector with a blade exhibit satisfactory operability independent of the section of a treatment target.SOLUTION: The medical device according to one embodiment comprises: a handle; a movable part including a blade for applying treatment to a target section of a person or an animal; a connection mechanism which connects the movable part to an end of the handle so that the angle of the blade relative to the handle may become adjustable; and a fixation mechanism which fixes the posture of the movable part relative to the handle.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

The present invention relates to a medical device including a blade for treating a target area of a human or animal.

For example, when peeling the gingival periosteum in dental and oral surgery, a metal peeler having a blade at the tip of the handle is widely used. Since a general peeler has a linear shape, it is easy to use for treatment of the front part of the oral cavity, but it is difficult to use for treatment of the rear part (back part) such as the tooth part. ..

That is, the space behind the oral cavity is small, and it is necessary to operate the dissector in a state of lying on the site to be treated. In this case, the treatment must be performed using a small portion of the tip of the blade, which is inefficient and takes time. On the other hand, the patient must keep his mouth open for a long period of time when trying to operate the stripper in a state of being raised with respect to the treatment site. Such a condition puts high stress on both the patient and the doctor, and contributes to impede the realization of high-quality medical care.

Patent Document 1 discloses a surgical instrument having a tip tool that is not bent by a force required for surgery and is bent by a force larger than the force required for surgery. Even when this surgical instrument is used, a large force is required to bend the tip tool, and metal fatigue may occur due to bending a plurality of times. Further, the document discloses that metal fatigue can be alleviated by configuring the tip with 24K gold, but in this case, the surgical instrument is expensive and is not practical.

JP, 2006-305215, A

The problems similar to the above-described strippers can similarly occur in strippers or other medical instruments used in the medical field other than dental and oral surgery. Therefore, it is an object of the present disclosure to exert good operability in a medical instrument such as a stripper provided with a blade regardless of the site to be treated.

The medical device according to one embodiment has a handle, a movable part including a blade for treating a target site of a human or an animal, and the handle so that the angle of the blade with respect to the handle can be adjusted. A connecting mechanism that connects the movable portion to an end portion of the portion, and a fixing mechanism that fixes the posture of the movable portion with respect to the handle portion are provided.

The blade may have a flat first surface and a curved second surface located on the opposite side of the first surface. In this case, the connecting mechanism may rotatably connect the movable portion to the end of the handle by an axis parallel to the direction orthogonal to the first surface.

The connecting mechanism may rotatably connect the movable portion to an end portion of the handle portion. Further, the movable portion may have an arcuate side surface around a rotation axis and a plurality of grooves provided on the side surface. In this case, the fixing mechanism may include a fixing member that is movable in a first direction toward the shaft and a second direction opposite to the first direction and that has a tip that can be inserted into the groove. ..

Further, by moving the fixing member in the second direction and retracting the tip from each of the plurality of grooves, the movable portion becomes rotatable, and the fixing member is moved in the first direction to move the movable member. By inserting the tip into any of the plurality of grooves, the posture of the movable portion may be fixed so that the blade and the handle form an angle corresponding to the groove.

The fixing mechanism may further include a biasing member that biases the fixing member in the first direction.

The fixing member may include a protrusion that is disposed inside the handle and that extends in a direction intersecting the first direction and the second direction. Further, the handle may have an opening on the outer surface through which the protrusion is movably passed in the first direction and the second direction. In this case, the posture of the movable portion can be fixed and released by operating the protrusion.

According to the above configuration, in a medical instrument such as a stripper provided with a blade, good operability can be exhibited regardless of the site to be treated.

FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the peeler according to the first embodiment. FIG. 2 is a schematic side view of the stripper according to the first embodiment. FIG. 3 is a schematic arrow cross-sectional view of the peeler taken along the line III-III in FIG. 2. FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the peeler according to the second embodiment.

Hereinafter, some embodiments will be described with reference to the drawings. In each embodiment, as an example of a medical instrument, a dissector that can be used for treatment in dental and oral surgery is disclosed. However, the configuration disclosed in each embodiment can be applied to a medical instrument such as an exfoliator used in other medical fields such as brain surgery, orthopedics, and dermatology. Further, the medical device may be used in medical treatment for animals as well as humans.

[First Embodiment]
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the stripper 1 according to the first embodiment. FIG. 2 is a schematic side view of the stripper 1. The stripper 1 includes a handle portion 2 and a movable portion 3.

The handle portion 2 is a portion that a practitioner such as a doctor holds with a hand, and has a flat linear shape. In the example of FIGS. 1 and 2, the handle portion 2 includes a cover member 21 and a protrusion 23 provided on a fixing member 51 described later. The cover member 21 is attached to the main body of the handle portion 2 by a plurality of pins 24 (six in the example of FIG. 1), for example. Further, the cover member 21 has an opening 25 through which the protrusion 23 passes.

The movable portion 3 includes a blade 31 used for treatment such as removal of gingival periosteum. The blade 31 has a planar first surface 32 and a curved second surface 33 located on the opposite side of the first surface 32. As shown in FIG. 2, the thickness of the blade 31 decreases near the tip near the tip. Further, in the illustrated example, an enlarged portion 34 having an enlarged width is provided in a part of the blade 31. The width of the blade 31 is substantially constant between the enlarged portion 34 and the tip.

The shape of the blade 31 is not limited to the illustrated example. As another example, the blade 31 may not have the enlarged portion 34, may have a spatula shape in which the first surface 32 is depressed, or may have a sharp tip. Besides, various shapes can be applied to the blade 31.

The stripper 1 includes a coupling mechanism 4 that couples the movable portion 3 to the handle 2 at one end of the handle 2 in the longitudinal direction. In the present embodiment, the connection mechanism 4 includes a first portion 41 and a second portion 42 provided at the end of the handle portion 2, and a shaft 43 (rotating pin). In the example of FIGS. 1 and 2, the first portion 41 and the second portion 42 are formed integrally with the handle portion 2.

The first portion 41 and the second portion 42 are, for example, flat plates, and face each other with a gap. The movable portion 3 is inserted in this gap. The shaft 43 penetrates the first portion 41, the movable portion 3, and the second portion 42, whereby the movable portion 3 is rotatably connected to the first portion 41 and the second portion 42. ..

In the present embodiment, the axis 43 is parallel to the direction orthogonal to the first surface 32. In this case, when the movable part 3 is rotated, the first surface 32 moves within the same plane. As another example, the axis 43 may be parallel to the first surface 32 or parallel to the direction that intersects the first surface 32 at an angle other than 90°.

Each part of the stripper 1 such as the handle part 2, the movable part 3 and the connecting mechanism 4 is formed of, for example, a metal material. However, at least a part of the stripper 1 may be formed of a resin material, ceramics, or the like.

FIG. 3 is a schematic arrow cross-sectional view of the stripper 1 taken along the line III-III in FIG. 2. The stripper 1 further includes a fixing mechanism 5 that fixes the posture of the movable portion 3 with respect to the handle portion 2. In the present embodiment, the fixing mechanism 5 includes a fixing member 51 and a biasing member 52.

For example, the fixing member 51 has a quadrangular prism shape extending along the longitudinal direction of the handle 2. The handle portion 2 has a slide groove 26 below the cover member 21. One end of the slide groove 26 is connected to the gap between the first portion 41 and the second portion 42. The fixing member 51 is housed in the slide groove 26. In the state of being accommodated in the slide groove 26, the fixing member 51 is slidable in the first direction D1 and the second direction D2 opposite to the first direction D1. The first direction D1 and the second direction D2 coincide with the longitudinal direction of the handle 2, for example.

The above-mentioned protrusion 23 is connected to the side surface of the fixing member 51. That is, the protrusion 23 extends in a direction intersecting the first direction D1 and the second direction D2. The tip 53 of the fixed member 51 on the movable portion 3 side has a smaller width in the illustrated plane than other portions. The biasing member 52 is arranged between the end of the fixing member 51 and the inner wall of the slide groove 26 on the opposite side of the tip 53, and biases the fixing member 51 in the first direction D1. As such a biasing member 52, for example, a coil spring can be used.

The movable portion 3 has a base end portion 35 pivotally supported by a shaft 43 between the first portion 41 and the second portion 42. The base end portion 35 has an arc-shaped side surface 36 centered on the shaft 43 and a plurality of grooves 37 provided in the side surface 36. The groove 37 has a width into which the tip 53 of the fixing member 51 can be inserted, and in one example, has a width that fits into the tip 53. In the example of FIG. 3, the five grooves 37 are arranged at a constant pitch (constant angle about the axis 43). However, the number of the grooves 37 is not limited to five.

As shown in FIG. 3, when the tip 53 is inserted into the central groove 37 of the plurality of grooves 37, the extending direction of the blade 31 coincides with the longitudinal direction of the handle 2. Further, the movable portion 3 is fixed by the groove 37 and the tip 53. When the practitioner pushes the protrusion 23 in the second direction D2 from this state, the fixing member 51 moves in the second direction D2 against the urging force of the urging member 52. As a result, the tip 53 is retracted from each of the plurality of grooves 37, and the movable portion 3 can rotate about the shaft 43.

When the movable part 3 is rotated at an appropriate angle with the tip 53 retracted from each of the plurality of grooves 37, and the practitioner removes his/her finger from the protrusion 23, the fixing member 51 is moved by the urging force of the urging member 52. Move in one direction D1. At this time, when the tip 53 is inserted into the groove 37 other than the center, the posture of the movable portion 3 is fixed so that the blade 31 and the handle 2 form an angle corresponding to the groove 37.

The blade 31A shown by a broken line in FIG. 3 corresponds to a state in which the tip end 53 is inserted into the groove 37 located at the uppermost position in the figure among the plurality of grooves 37. Further, the blade 31B indicated by the broken line in FIG. 3 corresponds to a state in which the tip end 53 is inserted into the groove 37 located at the lowermost position in the figure among the plurality of grooves 37. By changing the groove 37 into which the tip 53 is inserted, the blade 31A can adjust the angle of the handle portion 2 with respect to the longitudinal direction within the range of the positions indicated by these blades 31A and 31B.

As an example, the adjustable range of the angle of the extending direction of the blade 31 with respect to the longitudinal direction of the handle 2 is −90° or more and 90° or less. Practically, it is preferable that the range is -60° or more and 60° or less.

By adjusting the angle of the blade 31 with respect to the longitudinal direction of the handle 2, the peeler 1 having the above-described configuration exhibits good operability regardless of the site to be treated. For example, in the treatment of the front part of the oral cavity, the stripper 1 can be used with the angle of the blade 31 being 0° (the state of the blade 31 shown by the solid line in FIG. 3). On the other hand, in the treatment of the posterior portion (back portion) of the oral cavity, for example, the treatment of the tooth and the maxillary cyst, the blade 31 can be used while being inclined with respect to the longitudinal direction of the handle 2. In this way, by changing the angle of the blade 31 according to the site to be treated, the blade 31 can be accessed from a direction close to the position directly above each site. Further, since the posture of the blade 31 can be locked and released only by operating the projection 23, it is difficult for the practitioner to be burdened.

Further, the blade 31 can adjust the angle with respect to the longitudinal direction of the handle portion 2 in both the positive direction and the negative direction, like the blades 31A and 31B indicated by broken lines in FIG. Thereby, for example, the blade 31 can be used while being inclined at a suitable angle with respect to each of the upper part, the lower part, the right part, and the left part of the oral cavity.

For the doctor, the peeler 1 can be used in the posture of the blade 31 that is preferable for the treatment, so that the accurate treatment can be performed in a short time. In addition, the burden on the patient such as keeping his/her mouth wide open during treatment is reduced, which leads to a reduction in stress. The effectiveness is particularly enhanced when the patient is an elderly person or an infant.

If a plurality of types of strippers with different blade angles with respect to the handle are prepared in advance, the purchasing cost of the medical institution will increase significantly, and the work time for cleaning and sterilization after use will also increase. On the other hand, since it is sufficient to prepare one stripper 1 according to the present embodiment, it is possible to reduce the cost and the work time for cleaning and sterilization. Considering the background of recent strong demand for reduction of medical expenses in Japan, the stripper 1 according to the present embodiment is extremely preferable from the viewpoint of medical administration.

[Second Embodiment]
The second embodiment will be described. In this embodiment, another example of the fixing mechanism 5 is disclosed. A configuration similar to that of the first embodiment can be applied to a portion not particularly mentioned.

FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the stripper 100 according to the second embodiment. In the present embodiment, the fixing mechanism 5 includes a fixing member 54, a biasing member 55, and a shaft 56 (rotating pin). The fixing member 54 is arranged in the housing portion 27 provided in the handle portion 2. For example, the accommodating portion 27 has a groove shape that opens to the side surface of the handle portion 2, and is connected to the gap between the first portion 41 and the second portion 42. The fixing member 54 is rotatably fixed to a pair of side walls (a side wall behind the fixing member 54 in the figure and a side wall (not shown) facing the side wall) of the housing 27 by a shaft 56. The axis 56 is parallel to the axis 43.

The fixing member 54 has a tip 57 projecting toward the shaft 43 at the left end in the figure. Further, the fixing member 54 has a protrusion 58 protruding from the side surface of the handle portion 2 at the right end portion in the drawing.

The urging member 55 is arranged, for example, below the protrusion 58 in the drawing, between the fixing member 54 and the bottom wall of the accommodation portion 27, and the tip 57 of the fixing member 54 is fixed in the direction toward the first direction D1. Energize 54. The first direction D1 and the opposite second direction D2 in the present embodiment are directions intersecting with the longitudinal direction of the handle 2.

The movable portion 3 has a plurality of grooves 37 at positions different from those in the first embodiment. The groove 37 has a width into which the tip 57 of the fixing member 54 can be inserted, and in one example, has a width to fit with the tip 57. In the example of FIG. 4, the five grooves 37 are arranged at a constant pitch. However, the number of the grooves 37 is not limited to five.

As shown in FIG. 4, when the tip 57 is inserted into the central groove 37 of the plurality of grooves 37, the extending direction of the blade 31 coincides with the longitudinal direction of the handle 2. When the practitioner pushes the projection 58 in the first direction D1 from this state with the finger, the fixing member 54 rotates against the urging force of the urging member 55 as shown by the broken line. At this time, the tip 57 moves in the second direction D2 and is retracted from each of the plurality of grooves 37, and the movable portion 3 becomes rotatable about the shaft 43.

When the movable portion 3 is rotated at an appropriate angle in a state where the tip 57 is retracted from each of the plurality of grooves 37 and the practitioner removes his/her finger from the protrusion 58, the tip 57 is moved by the urging force of the urging member 55 to the first position. Move in direction D1. At this time, when the tip 57 is inserted into the groove 37 other than the center, the posture of the movable portion 3 is fixed so that the blade 31 and the handle 2 form an angle corresponding to the groove 37.

Even with the separator 100 having the above-described configuration, the angle of the blade 31 can be adjusted, so that the same effect as that of the first embodiment can be obtained. In addition to this, the fixing mechanism 5 can be realized in various configurations.

The respective embodiments described above do not limit the scope of the invention to the configurations disclosed in these embodiments. The present invention can be implemented in various other modes. The configurations disclosed in the respective embodiments and modifications thereof are included in the invention described in the claims and its equivalent scope.

1, 100... Separator, 2... Handle part, 3... Movable part, 4... Connection mechanism, 5... Fixing mechanism, 23... Projection, 31... Blade, 32... First surface, 33... Second surface, 35... Base End portion, 37... Groove, 43... Shaft, 51... Fixing member, 52... Biasing member, 53... Tip, D1... First direction, D2... Second direction.

Claims (5)

With handle
A moving part including a blade for treating a target part of a human or animal,
A connection mechanism that connects the movable portion to the end portion of the handle so that the angle of the blade with respect to the handle can be adjusted,
A fixing mechanism for fixing the posture of the movable part with respect to the handle part,
Medical equipment equipped with. The blade has a planar first surface and a curved second surface located on the opposite side of the first surface,
The connecting mechanism rotatably connects the movable portion to an end of the handle by an axis parallel to a direction orthogonal to the first surface.
The medical device according to claim 1. The connection mechanism rotatably connects the movable portion to an end of the handle,
The movable portion has an arc-shaped side surface around a rotation axis, and a plurality of grooves provided on the side surface,
The fixing mechanism includes a fixing member that is insertable into the groove and has a tip that is movable in a first direction toward the shaft and a second direction opposite to the first direction.
By moving the tip of the fixing member in the second direction and retracting from the plurality of grooves, the movable portion can rotate.
By moving the tip end of the fixing member in the first direction and inserting the tip into any of the plurality of grooves, the blade and the handle portion of the movable portion are formed so as to form an angle corresponding to the groove. Posture is fixed,
The medical device according to claim 1. The fixing mechanism further includes an urging member that applies an urging force that directs the tip in the first direction to the fixing member.
The medical device according to claim 3. The fixing member includes a protrusion that is disposed inside the handle portion and that extends in a direction intersecting the first direction and the second direction,
The handle has an opening on the outer surface through which the protrusion is movable in the first direction and the second direction,
By operating the protrusion, the posture of the movable portion can be fixed and released.
The medical device according to claim 3 or 4.

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