JP2020080856A - Aging inhibitor - Google Patents
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- JP2020080856A JP2020080856A JP2019149502A JP2019149502A JP2020080856A JP 2020080856 A JP2020080856 A JP 2020080856A JP 2019149502 A JP2019149502 A JP 2019149502A JP 2019149502 A JP2019149502 A JP 2019149502A JP 2020080856 A JP2020080856 A JP 2020080856A
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、老化抑制剤及びその製造方法等に関する。 The present invention relates to an aging inhibitor, a method for producing the same, and the like.
高齢化の進展に伴って健康に対する意識がますます高まっており、老化を抑制できる食品や医薬品の開発が強く望まれている。 Awareness for health is increasing more and more with the progress of aging, and development of foods and pharmaceuticals capable of suppressing aging is strongly desired.
これまでに老化抑制剤として、乳酸菌ラクトコッカス・ラクティス・サブスピーシーズクレモリス Ｈ−６１株（ＮＩＴＥ ＡＰ−９２）を含有することを特徴とする老化抑制剤（特許文献１）、カテキン類を有効成分とする老化抑制剤（特許文献２）及びコエンザイムＱ１０とザクロ加工物とを含有する老化抑制剤（特許文献３）等が開示されている。 So far, as an aging inhibitor, lactic acid bacterium Lactococcus lactis subspecies cremoris H-61 strain (NITE AP-92) is characterized by containing an aging inhibitor (Patent Document 1), catechins as active ingredients. The aging inhibitor (Patent Document 2) and the aging inhibitor containing Coenzyme Q10 and the processed pomegranate (Patent Document 3) are disclosed.
本発明は、天然物由来の新規な老化抑制剤を提供する。 The present invention provides a novel aging inhibitor derived from natural products.
発明者らは、枯草菌に老化抑制効果があることを見出し、本発明を完成した。 The present inventors have found that Bacillus subtilis has an aging inhibitory effect and completed the present invention.
すなわち、本発明は、以下の［１］〜［４］の態様に関する。
［１］枯草菌を有効成分とする、老化抑制剤。
［２］枯草菌を液体培養して得られる菌体を有効成分とする、［１］記載の老化抑制剤。
［３］枯草菌が芽胞形成能欠損株である、［１］又は［２］記載の老化抑制剤。
［４］［１］〜［３］の何れかに記載の老化抑制剤を含む飲食品、化粧品、医薬品又は飼料。That is, the present invention relates to the following aspects [1] to [4].
[1] An aging inhibitor containing Bacillus subtilis as an active ingredient.
[2] The aging inhibitor according to [1], which contains a bacterial cell obtained by liquid culture of Bacillus subtilis as an active ingredient.
[3] The aging inhibitor according to [1] or [2], wherein Bacillus subtilis is a spore-forming deficient strain.
[4] Food and drink, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals or feed containing the aging inhibitor according to any one of [1] to [3].
本発明によって、天然物由来の新規な老化抑制剤を提供できる。また、殺菌後の死菌において老化抑制効果が認められることから、枯草菌の死菌体を使用することで、製造設備の衛生管理や製品の品質管理が容易になり、老化抑制剤を効率的に製造できる。また、有効成分が化学合成品ではなく、食経験のある菌のため、継続した長期的な摂取が望ましい老化抑制剤として最適である。さらに、芽胞形成能欠損株を使用すれば、一般的な微生物と同様に１００℃以下の穏和な条件で殺菌を行うことができ、芽胞菌で問題となる殺菌不足による製造設備の汚染を防ぐことができるため、各種食品への添加や製剤化が容易である。 The present invention can provide a novel aging inhibitor derived from natural products. In addition, since an aging inhibitory effect is observed in killed bacteria after sterilization, using killed cells of Bacillus subtilis facilitates hygiene control of manufacturing equipment and product quality control, and makes aging inhibitors effective. Can be manufactured. In addition, since the active ingredient is not a chemically synthesized product but a bacterium that has experienced eating, it is optimal as an aging inhibitor for which continuous long-term intake is desirable. Furthermore, if a spore-forming ability-deficient strain is used, it can be sterilized under mild conditions of 100° C. or less like general microorganisms, and the contamination of production facilities due to insufficient sterilization, which is a problem with spore-forming bacteria, can be prevented. Therefore, it can be easily added to various foods or formulated.
本発明の老化抑制剤は、枯草菌を有効成分とするものであり、摂取により、老化により引き起こされる種々の変化を抑制するといった老化抑制効果を有する。 The aging inhibitor of the present invention contains Bacillus subtilis as an active ingredient, and has an aging inhibitory effect of suppressing various changes caused by aging by ingestion.
本発明に記載の枯草菌は、老化抑制剤の有効成分となる枯草菌（Ｂａｃｉｌｌｕｓ ｓｕｂｔｉｌｉｓ）であれば、生菌でも死菌でもよく、特に限定されないが、バチルス・サブチリス・サブスピーシーズ・サブチリス（Ｂ．ｓｕｂｔｉｌｉｓ．ｓｕｂｓｐ．ｓｕｂｔｉｌｉｓ）が好ましく、バチルス・サブチリスＮＢＲＣ３００９、バチルス・サブチリスＮＢＲＣ３０１３、バチルス・サブチリスＮＢＲＣ１３１６９等の納豆菌がより好ましく、独立行政法人製品評価技術基盤機構等から入手することができる。死菌でも老化抑制効果があるため、枯草菌の死菌体を使用することで、製造設備の衛生管理や製品の品質管理が容易になり、老化抑制剤を効率的に製造できる。また、芽胞形成能欠損株を使用すれば、１００℃以下の穏和な殺菌条件で死菌体を調製することができるため、芽胞菌で問題となる殺菌不足による製造設備の汚染を防ぐことができ、各種食品への添加や製剤化が容易となる。 The Bacillus subtilis described in the present invention may be live or dead, as long as it is Bacillus subtilis that is an active ingredient of an aging inhibitor, and is not particularly limited, but Bacillus subtilis subspecies subtilis (B .. subtilis. subsp. Since dead bacteria also have an aging-suppressing effect, using dead bacteria of Bacillus subtilis facilitates hygiene control of production equipment and quality control of products, and enables effective production of aging inhibitors. In addition, if a spore-forming ability-deficient strain is used, since dead cells can be prepared under mild sterilization conditions of 100° C. or less, it is possible to prevent contamination of production equipment due to insufficient sterilization, which is a problem with spore-forming bacteria. , It becomes easy to add to various foods and to formulate.
本発明で使用される枯草菌は、特に限定されないが、芽胞形成能欠損株が好ましく、芽胞形成能欠損株の取得方法としては、遺伝子組換えによる方法、突然変異による方法等が例示できるが、自然突然変異による方法が好ましい。自然突然変異による芽胞形成能欠損株の取得方法は、特に限定されず、高温焙養法や、野生株と欠損株のコロニーのメラニン色素の着色により識別するランダム法、異化代謝産物抑制（Ｃａｔａｂｏｌｉｔｅ ｒｅｐｒｅｓｓｉｏｎ）様現象を利用した方法（Ｊ．Ｆ．Ｍｉｃｈｅｌ，Ｂ．Ｃａｍｉ，Ｐ．Ｓｃｈａｅｆｆｅｒ：Ａｎｎ．Ｉｎｓｔ．Ｐａｓｔｅｕｒ，１１４，１１；２１（１９６８））が例示できるが、異化代謝産物抑制様現象を利用した方法が好ましい。異化代謝産物抑制様現象を利用する方法により得られる芽胞形成能欠損株は、芽胞形成能と供にリゾチーム活性及び形質転換能が欠損しているため、溶菌による問題がなく継代することができ、芽胞形成能欠損という形質を維持することができる。 The Bacillus subtilis used in the present invention is not particularly limited, but a spore-forming ability-deficient strain is preferable, and as a method for obtaining a spore-forming ability-deficient strain, a method by gene recombination, a method by mutation and the like can be exemplified. The method by spontaneous mutation is preferred. The method for obtaining the spore-forming ability-deficient strain by natural mutation is not particularly limited, and it is a high-temperature roasting method, a random method for discriminating by coloring the melanin pigment of the colonies of the wild-type strain and the defective strain, or catabolite repression (catabolite repression). )-Like phenomenon (J. F. Michel, B. Cami, P. Schaeffer: Ann. Inst. Pasteur, 114, 11; 21 (1968)), but a catabolic metabolite inhibition-like phenomenon is used. The method described above is preferred. The spore-forming ability-deficient strain obtained by the method utilizing the catabolite metabolite suppression-like phenomenon is deficient in lysozyme activity and transforming ability in addition to the spore-forming ability, and thus can be passaged without problems due to lysis. It is possible to maintain the trait of defective spore formation.
枯草菌の培養には、通常の細菌培養用培地が使用でき、炭素源、窒素源、無機物、その他枯草菌が必要とする微量栄養素等を含有するものであれば、合成培地、天然培地の何れでも使用可能である。炭素源としては、グルコース、シュクロース、デキストリン、澱粉、グリセリン、糖蜜等が使用できる。窒素源としては、塩化アンモニウム、硝酸アンモニウム、硫酸アンモニウム、リン酸アンモニウム等の無機塩類、ＤＬ−アラニン、Ｌ−グルタミン酸等のアミノ酸類、ペプトン、肉エキス、酵母エキス、麦芽エキス、コーンスティープリカー等の窒素含有天然物が使用できる。無機物としては、リン酸一ナトリウム、リン酸二ナトリウム、リン酸一カリウム、リン酸二カリウム、硫酸マグネシウム、塩化第二鉄等が使用できる。 For culturing Bacillus subtilis, an ordinary bacterial culture medium can be used, and any of synthetic medium and natural medium can be used as long as it contains carbon sources, nitrogen sources, inorganic substances, and other micronutrients required by Bacillus subtilis. But it can be used. As the carbon source, glucose, sucrose, dextrin, starch, glycerin, molasses, etc. can be used. As a nitrogen source, inorganic salts such as ammonium chloride, ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, and ammonium phosphate, amino acids such as DL-alanine and L-glutamic acid, nitrogen-containing peptone, meat extract, yeast extract, malt extract, corn steep liquor, etc. Natural products can be used. As the inorganic substance, monosodium phosphate, disodium phosphate, monopotassium phosphate, dipotassium phosphate, magnesium sulfate, ferric chloride and the like can be used.
枯草菌の培養条件は、適宜設定できるが、通気、振盪、攪拌等により好気的に液体培養するのが好ましく、培養温度は例えば２０〜５０℃が例示でき、３０〜４５℃が好ましく、培養時間は例えば２〜７２時間が例示でき、４〜４８時間が好ましく、６〜３６時間がより好ましく、培地のｐＨは例えば５．０〜９．０が例示でき、５．５〜８．５が好ましい。 The culture conditions of Bacillus subtilis can be appropriately set, but it is preferable to perform aerobic liquid culture by aeration, shaking, stirring, etc., and the culture temperature can be exemplified at 20 to 50°C, preferably 30 to 45°C, and the culture is performed. The time is, for example, 2 to 72 hours, preferably 4 to 48 hours, more preferably 6 to 36 hours, and the pH of the medium is, for example, 5.0 to 9.0, and 5.5 to 8.5. preferable.
枯草菌は培養後に殺菌してもよく、殺菌条件は一般的な方法であれば特に限定されないが、例えば６０〜１２０℃で１〜３０分間又は８０〜１００℃で５〜２０分間の加熱が好ましい。菌体の回収は、遠心分離機等で培地を除去した後、緩衝液、生理食塩水、滅菌水等で菌体を洗浄し、遠心分離機等により固液分離して集菌できる。さらに、エアードライ、スプレードライ、真空及び／又は凍結乾燥等を行って粉末化してもよい。 Bacillus subtilis may be sterilized after culturing, and sterilization conditions are not particularly limited as long as it is a general method, but for example, heating at 60 to 120°C for 1 to 30 minutes or 80 to 100°C for 5 to 20 minutes is preferable. .. The cells can be collected by removing the medium with a centrifuge or the like, washing the cells with a buffer solution, physiological saline, sterilized water or the like, and separating the solid and liquid with a centrifuge or the like to collect the cells. Further, it may be pulverized by air drying, spray drying, vacuum and/or freeze drying.
本発明の老化抑制剤の摂取方法として、本菌株を含む製剤等を経口投与することが好ましく、老化抑制効果が認められる投与量であれば特に限定されないが、ヒトに対しては体重１ｋｇあたり、菌体重量で５０ｍｇ／日以上の投与が好ましく、安全性の面で問題はないため、上限は特に限定されないが、通常６０〜２００ｍｇ／日程度の投与が好ましく、８０〜１５０ｍｇ／日程度の投与が適当である。該投与量を菌体重量として含む製剤を１日１回又は数回に分けて摂取すればよい。 As a method of ingesting the aging inhibitor of the present invention, it is preferable to orally administer a preparation containing the strain of the present invention, and it is not particularly limited as long as it is a dose at which an aging inhibitory effect is observed, but for humans, per 1 kg of body weight, The cell weight is preferably 50 mg/day or more, and there is no problem in terms of safety. Therefore, the upper limit is not particularly limited, but usually 60 to 200 mg/day is preferable, and 80 to 150 mg/day is usually administered. Is appropriate. The preparation containing the dose as the cell weight may be ingested once a day or divided into several times a day.
本発明の老化抑制剤はその有効成分が天然物由来であり、かつ、製造が容易なため、広く利用でき、各種製品に添加が可能で、液状で添加してもよく、冷蔵、冷凍又は乾燥状態で添加してもよく、老化抑制効果を有する飲食品、化粧品、医薬品、飼料等を調製することができる。各種製品中の枯草菌含有量は、摂取により老化抑制効果が認められる量であれば特に限定されないが、０．１〜２０重量％が好ましく、０．２〜１０重量％がより好ましく、０．５〜５重量％がさらに好ましい。 The active ingredient of the aging inhibitor of the present invention is derived from a natural product, and because it is easy to manufacture, it can be widely used and can be added to various products, and may be added in liquid form, refrigerated, frozen or dried. It may be added in the state, and foods and drinks, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, feeds and the like having an effect of suppressing aging can be prepared. The Bacillus subtilis content in various products is not particularly limited as long as the effect of suppressing aging is recognized by ingestion, but is preferably 0.1 to 20% by weight, more preferably 0.2 to 10% by weight, and 0.1. 5 to 5% by weight is more preferable.
以下、実施例を示して本発明を具体的に説明するが、本発明は以下の例によって限定されるものではない。尚、本発明において、％は別記がない限り全て重量％である。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically described with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples. In the present invention, all percentages are by weight unless otherwise specified.
（１．枯草菌菌体の調製）
異化代謝産物抑制様現象を利用した自然突然変異により、納豆菌の一種であるバチルス・サブチリスＮＢＲＣ１３１６９から、芽胞形成能を欠損した、芽胞形成能欠損株：バ
Spore formation-deficient strain: Bacillus subtilis NBRC13169, which is a kind of Bacillus natto, has a spore formation-deficient strain: Ba
前記枯草菌を、液体培地（酵母エキス：２％、グルコース：５％、水道水：９３％）に接種して３７℃で２４時間通気攪拌培養した後、９０℃で１０分間加熱殺菌処理した。次いで、遠心分離機を用いて培地を除去し、回収した菌体を水道水で洗浄した後、さらに遠心分離機で固液分離することで、菌体を回収した。回収した菌体をスプレードライヤーで乾燥し、枯草菌の死菌体粉末を調製した。 The Bacillus subtilis was inoculated into a liquid medium (yeast extract: 2%, glucose: 5%, tap water: 93%), cultured at 37°C for 24 hours with aeration and stirring, and then heat-sterilized at 90°C for 10 minutes. Then, the culture medium was removed using a centrifuge, the collected bacterial cells were washed with tap water, and then subjected to solid-liquid separation with a centrifugal separator to recover the bacterial cells. The collected cells were dried with a spray dryer to prepare dead Bacillus subtilis cell powder.
（２．老化促進モデルマウス（ＳＡＭＰ８）における枯草菌投与効果の確認）
９週齢の老化促進マウス（ＳＡＭＰ８）に、枯草菌投与群（７匹：ｓ１〜ｓ７）として前記１で得られた菌体粉末を１％配合したＭＦ飼料（オリエンタル酵母工業製）を与え、また、対照群（７匹：ｃ１〜ｃ７）としてＭＦ飼料を与えて飼育した。実験期間中、飼料および水は自由摂取させ、各マウスの体重及び飼料摂取量を測定した。各群の１日当たりの餌の摂取量を表１に示した。尚、９〜２７週の飼育期間における、マウスの平均体重は何れの群も約３２ｇだった。(2. Confirmation of Bacillus subtilis administration effect in aging-promoting model mouse (SAMP8))
9-week-old senescence-accelerated mice (SAMP8) were given an MF feed (manufactured by Oriental Yeast Co., Ltd.) containing 1% of the bacterial cell powder obtained in 1 above as a Bacillus subtilis administration group (7 mice: s1 to s7), A control group (7 animals: c1 to c7) was fed with MF feed. During the experimental period, food and water were allowed to freely ingest, and the body weight and food intake of each mouse were measured. The daily food intake of each group is shown in Table 1. The average body weight of the mice in the 9 to 27-week breeding period was about 32 g in each group.
（２−１．機能評価による老化度の判定：２７週齢時）
２７週齢時の各群、各７匹について、「老化促進モデルマウスを用いた機能評価」（細川・梅澤、ｐ．２９４‐２９７、食品機能研究法、篠原・鈴木・上野川編、光琳、２０００年）に記載の方法により、老化進行の指標として、１１項目からなる行動や外見の変化（１）能動性の低下、２）受動性の低下、３）被毛の艶の悪化、４）被毛の粗造性の増加、５）脱毛、６）皮膚の潰瘍及び痂皮形成、７）眼瞼炎及び眼の周囲の皮膚の糜爛、８）角膜の混濁、９）角膜潰瘍、１０）白内障、１１）背骨の前後湾曲の増強）を各０〜４点の５段階で点数化し、その総点数によって表される老化度評点を算出して、老化度を判定した。結果を表２に示した。また、各群の１匹あたりの老化度評点の平均値及び標準偏差について図１に示した。(2-1. Judgment of aging degree by functional evaluation: at 27 weeks of age)
"Evaluation of function using aging-promoting model mice" for each group at 27 weeks of age, 7 each (Hosokawa/Umezawa, p.294-297, Food Function Research Method, Shinohara/Suzuki/Uenogawa, Korin, Korin, 2000), the change in behavior and appearance consisting of 11 items as an index of aging progress (1) decrease in activity, 2) decrease in passivity, 3) deterioration of luster of hair, 4) covering Increased hair coarseness, 5) hair loss, 6) skin ulcer and crust formation, 7) blepharitis and erosion of the skin around the eye, 8) corneal opacity, 9) corneal ulcer, 10) cataract, (11) Enhancement of anterior-posterior curvature of the spine) was scored in 5 stages of 0 to 4 points, and an aging degree score represented by the total score was calculated to determine the aging degree. The results are shown in Table 2. In addition, the average value and standard deviation of the aging score per animal in each group are shown in FIG.
（２−２．機能評価による老化度の判定：５７週齢時）
５７週齢まで、４〜５週間おきに、２−１と同様に、１１項目からなる行動や外見の変化を各０〜４点の５段階で点数化した。各群の各週齢における老化度評点の平均値の推移について図２に示した。また、各群の５７週齢時の、受動性の低下、被毛の艶の悪化及び被毛の粗造性の増加について、１匹あたりの各点数の平均値及び標準偏差を図３に示した。尚、５７週齢時の生存数は、各群共、４匹だった。(2-2. Judgment of aging degree by functional evaluation: at 57 weeks of age)
Up to 57 weeks of age, changes in behavior and appearance consisting of 11 items were scored in 5 grades of 0 to 4 points every 4 to 5 weeks, as in 2-1. The transition of the average value of the aging degree score at each week of age in each group is shown in FIG. Further, FIG. 3 shows the average value and standard deviation of each score for each group regarding the decrease in the passivity, the deterioration in the gloss of the coat and the increase in the roughness of the coat at 57 weeks of age in each group. It was The number of survivors at the age of 57 weeks was 4 in each group.
（２−３−１．老化度評価）
表２及び図１より、２７週齢時に、対照群に比べて枯草菌投与群で老化度評点が有意に低く、さらに、図２より、５７週齢までの老化度評点の推移では、対照群に比べて枯草菌投与群で、終始、老化度評点が低く、枯草菌の経口投与により、老化が抑制されることが確認できた。特に、５７週齢では、図３に示したとおり、受動性の低下、被毛の艶の悪化及び被毛の粗造性の増加で、対照群に比べて枯草菌投与群で有意に低い点数であり、枯草菌の経口投与によって、老化により引き起こされる、触覚感度の鈍化又は反射的行動の衰退を抑制する効果や、外観の加齢変化である毛の変化を抑制する効果が発揮されたと考えられる。(2-3-1. Evaluation of aging degree)
From Table 2 and FIG. 1, at 27 weeks of age, the aging degree score was significantly lower in the Bacillus subtilis administration group than in the control group, and further from FIG. It was confirmed that the aging degree score was low in the Bacillus subtilis administration group from the beginning and the aging was suppressed by oral administration of Bacillus subtilis. In particular, at 57 weeks of age, as shown in FIG. 3, the passiveness decreased, the gloss of the coat deteriorated, and the coarseness of the coat increased, resulting in a significantly lower score in the Bacillus subtilis administration group than in the control group. Therefore, it is considered that oral administration of Bacillus subtilis exerted the effect of suppressing the deterioration of tactile sensitivity or the decline of reflexive behavior caused by aging, and the effect of suppressing the change of hair which is an age-related change in appearance. Be done.
尚、枯草菌投与群では、２７週齢までの飼育期間におけるマウスの平均体重約３２ｇ当たり、菌体重量で１日当たり４３〜５６ｍｇの投与で効果が認められた。 In addition, in the Bacillus subtilis administration group, an effect was observed at an average body weight of about 32 g of mice during the breeding period up to 27 weeks of age, and administration of 43 to 56 mg of bacterial cell weight per day.
（２−３−２．排泄物の評価）
対照群では、４４週齢まで見られなかった下痢症状が、４９週齢からみられたのに対し、枯草菌投与群では、４９週齢及び５３週齢においても正常な糞の状態であり、５７週齢になって、５３週齢まで見られなかった下痢症状がみられた。(2-3-2. Evaluation of excrement)
In the control group, diarrhea symptoms that were not observed until 44 weeks of age were observed from 49 weeks of age, whereas in the Bacillus subtilis administration group, normal fecal conditions were observed at 49 weeks of age and 53 weeks of age. At the age of the week, diarrhea symptoms that were not seen until the age of 53 weeks were observed.
下痢症状は、老化による腸の機能低下によって引き起こされたと考えられ、枯草菌の経口投与によって、腸の機能低下を抑えることができると考えられる。 The diarrhea symptom is considered to be caused by the deterioration of intestinal function due to aging, and it is considered that the oral administration of Bacillus subtilis can suppress the deterioration of intestinal function.
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| JP2018520695A (en) * | 2016-06-08 | 2018-08-02 | カンウォン ナショナル ユニバーシティ−インダストリー コーポレーション ファウンデーション | A new polyamine high-producing strain, Bacillus subtilis EE5 |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2023213584A1 (en) * | 2022-05-04 | 2023-11-09 | Evonik Operations Gmbh | A method of cell rejuvenation |
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