JP2020080214A - Buffer material for battery pack - Google Patents
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- JP2020080214A JP2020080214A JP2018212196A JP2018212196A JP2020080214A JP 2020080214 A JP2020080214 A JP 2020080214A JP 2018212196 A JP2018212196 A JP 2018212196A JP 2018212196 A JP2018212196 A JP 2018212196A JP 2020080214 A JP2020080214 A JP 2020080214A
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- cushioning material
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 89
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 89
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 148
- 239000002923 metal particle Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011359 shock absorbing material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012943 hotmelt Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004716 Ethylene/acrylic acid copolymer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004433 Thermoplastic polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000005038 ethylene vinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010285 flame spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007750 plasma spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001200 poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002803 thermoplastic polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005489 elastic deformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005672 polyolefin resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005749 polyurethane resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002379 silicone rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004945 silicone rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Landscapes
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本開示は、複数の単電池を所定方向に配列してなる組電池に用いられる組電池用緩衝材に関する。 The present disclosure relates to an assembled battery cushioning material used for an assembled battery in which a plurality of unit cells are arranged in a predetermined direction.
特許文献１に開示の組電池用緩衝材は、シリコーンゴムで構成され、単電池どうしの間に挟まれることで単電池どうしの接触を防止する。 The battery pack cushioning material disclosed in Patent Document 1 is made of silicone rubber, and prevents contact between the unit cells by being sandwiched between the unit cells.
ところで、組電池においては、単電池の温度が適温に調整されていると、充放電効率の低下や電池寿命の短縮が抑えられる。しかしながら、特許文献１の組電池用緩衝材では、単電池の温度調整が難しいという問題があり、単電池の温度調整を容易にすることが求められていた。 By the way, in the assembled battery, if the temperature of the unit cell is adjusted to an appropriate temperature, it is possible to suppress a decrease in charge/discharge efficiency and a decrease in battery life. However, with the cushioning material for assembled batteries of Patent Document 1, there is a problem that it is difficult to adjust the temperature of the unit cell, and there has been a demand for facilitating the temperature adjustment of the unit cell.
上記課題を解決するためになされた請求項１の発明は、複数の単電池を所定方向に配列してなる組電池に用いられる組電池用緩衝材において、発泡層の両面に金属層を積層して備え、前記発泡層は、その厚さ方向が前記所定方向を向くように配置されて前記単電池に挟まれ、前記所定方向から見て前記単電池と重なる重なり部と該重なり部から前記単電池の外側へ延びる延出部とを有し、前記金属層は、前記重なり部と前記延出部とに跨って配置されている、組電池用緩衝材である。 In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the invention of claim 1 is a cushioning material for an assembled battery used in an assembled battery in which a plurality of cells are arranged in a predetermined direction, wherein metal layers are laminated on both sides of a foam layer. The foam layer is disposed such that the thickness direction thereof faces the predetermined direction and is sandwiched between the unit cells, and the overlapping portion that overlaps the unit cells when viewed from the predetermined direction and the unit from the overlapping portion. An extension part extending to the outside of the battery, and the metal layer is a cushioning material for an assembled battery, which is disposed so as to straddle the overlapping part and the extension part.
請求項２の発明は、前記発泡層の表層部には、前記発泡層の内層部よりも密度が高い表皮層が形成されていて、前記金属層は、金属溶射によって前記表皮層の上に形成されている、請求項１に記載の組電池用緩衝材である。 In the invention of claim 2, a skin layer having a higher density than that of the inner layer portion of the foam layer is formed on the surface layer portion of the foam layer, and the metal layer is formed on the skin layer by metal spraying. The cushioning material for assembled battery according to claim 1.
請求項３の発明は、前記金属層を構成する金属粒子どうしが結合剤で結合されている、請求項２に記載の組電池用緩衝材である。 The invention according to claim 3 is the cushioning material for an assembled battery according to claim 2, wherein the metal particles forming the metal layer are bonded with a binder.
請求項４の発明は、前記金属層は、前記発泡層の弾発力によって前記単電池に押し付けられる、請求項１乃至３のうち何れか１項に記載の組電池用緩衝材である。 The invention according to claim 4 is the cushioning material for an assembled battery according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the metal layer is pressed against the unit cell by the elastic force of the foam layer.
請求項１の発明では、単電池に接触する金属層が単電池と重なる位置から外側へ延びているので、単電池からの熱を外部に放熱したり、外部から単電池に熱を伝達したりすることが可能となる。しかも、組電池用緩衝材の２つの金属層どうしの間では、発泡層によって熱の伝達が抑制される。これらにより、外部からの単電池の温度調整が容易となる。また、金属層は、発泡層の両面の上に積層されているので、単電池の膨張又は収縮に伴って発泡層が膨張又は収縮しても、金属層を発泡層の変形に追従させることができる。 In the invention of claim 1, since the metal layer in contact with the unit cell extends outward from the position overlapping with the unit cell, the heat from the unit cell is radiated to the outside or the heat is transferred from the outside to the unit cell. It becomes possible to do. Moreover, heat transfer is suppressed by the foam layer between the two metal layers of the cushioning material for assembled battery. These facilitate the temperature adjustment of the unit cell from the outside. Further, since the metal layer is laminated on both sides of the foam layer, the metal layer can follow the deformation of the foam layer even if the foam layer expands or contracts as the unit cell expands or contracts. it can.
金属層は、蒸着により形成されてもよいし、金属溶射により形成されてもよい。後者の場合には、金属層を厚くすることが可能となる。この場合、発泡層の表層部には、発泡層の内層部よりも密度が高い表皮層が形成されていることが好ましい（請求項２の発明）。発泡層が表皮層を有することで、金属を溶射するときに、表皮層の上に金属粒子が堆積し易くなり、金属層の目付量の低下が抑制される。その結果、金属層の伝熱性能の向上が図られる。 The metal layer may be formed by vapor deposition or may be formed by metal spraying. In the latter case, the metal layer can be thickened. In this case, it is preferable that a skin layer having a higher density than the inner layer portion of the foam layer is formed on the surface layer portion of the foam layer (the invention of claim 2). Since the foamed layer has the skin layer, when the metal is sprayed, the metal particles are easily deposited on the skin layer, and the decrease in the basis weight of the metal layer is suppressed. As a result, the heat transfer performance of the metal layer is improved.
また、金属層を構成する金属粒子どうしが結合剤で結合される構成とすれば、金属層にクラックが発生したり、金属粒子が脱落したりすることが抑制されるので、金属層の熱伝達効率の低下が抑えられる（請求項３の発明）。 In addition, when the metal particles forming the metal layer are bonded to each other with a binder, it is possible to prevent cracks in the metal layer and the metal particles from falling off. The decrease in efficiency is suppressed (the invention of claim 3).
金属層は、単電池と接触すればよく、発泡層の一部を覆うように形成されてもよいし、発泡層の全体を覆うように形成されてもよい。ここで、金属層が発泡層の弾発力によって単電池に押し付けられれば、金属層を単電池に確実に接触させることが可能となる（請求項４の発明）。 The metal layer may be in contact with the unit cell, and may be formed so as to cover a part of the foam layer, or may be formed so as to cover the whole foam layer. Here, if the metal layer is pressed against the unit cell by the elastic force of the foam layer, the metal layer can be surely brought into contact with the unit cell (the invention of claim 4).
図１（Ａ）に示されるように、本実施形態の組電池用緩衝材１０（以下、単に「緩衝材１０」という。）は、発泡層１１の表裏の両面に金属層２１を有する積層構造をなしている。 As shown in FIG. 1A, the assembled battery cushioning material 10 (hereinafter, simply referred to as “buffering material 10 ”) of the present embodiment has a laminated structure having metal layers 21 on both front and back surfaces of a foam layer 11. Is playing.
発泡層１１は、例えば、ポリオレフィン系樹脂、ポリウレタン系樹脂、アクリル系樹脂又はこれらのブレンド等によって構成されている。発泡層１１の表層部には、内層部１３よりも密度が高くなって通気性が低くなった表皮層１２が形成されている。本実施形態では、発泡層１１が連続気泡構造の発泡シートで構成されていて、表皮層１２は、発泡シートの表層部に形成されたスキン層によって構成されている。 The foam layer 11 is made of, for example, a polyolefin resin, a polyurethane resin, an acrylic resin, a blend thereof, or the like. A skin layer 12 having a higher density and lower air permeability than the inner layer portion 13 is formed on the surface layer portion of the foam layer 11. In the present embodiment, the foam layer 11 is composed of a foam sheet having an open cell structure, and the skin layer 12 is composed of a skin layer formed on the surface layer portion of the foam sheet.
金属層２１は、発泡層１１の上に金属が溶射されることで形成されている。本実施形態では、金属層２１は、発泡層１１の表裏の両面の全体を覆うように形成されている。金属層２１の目付量は、６０ｇ／ｍ２以上であることが好ましく、９０ｇ／ｍ２以上であることがより好ましい。 The metal layer 21 is formed by spraying a metal on the foam layer 11. In the present embodiment, the metal layer 21 is formed so as to cover the entire front and back surfaces of the foam layer 11. The basis weight of the metal layer 21 is preferably 60 g/m 2 or more, more preferably 90 g/m 2 or more.
なお、金属溶射では、発泡層１１の表面に多数の金属粒子２２を衝突させ、金属層２１は、扁平に潰れた金属粒子２２が発泡層１１の上に堆積することで形成される（図１（Ｂ）参照）。金属溶射で用いられる金属の種類は、例えば、亜鉛、アルミニウム、銅又はこれらの金属の合金等である。 In metal spraying, a large number of metal particles 22 collide with the surface of the foam layer 11, and the metal layer 21 is formed by depositing the flatly crushed metal particles 22 on the foam layer 11 (FIG. 1). (See (B)). The type of metal used in metal spraying is, for example, zinc, aluminum, copper, or an alloy of these metals.
緩衝材１０では、金属層２１を構成する金属粒子２２どうしが結合剤３１にて結合されている。結合剤３１は、例えば、ホットメルトで構成されている。ホットメルトの種類としては、熱可塑性ポリウレタンエラストマー（ＴＰＵ）、エチレン酢酸ビニル共重合体（ＥＶＡ）、ポリエチレン／エチレン・アクリル酸共重合体の混合物（ＰＥ／ＥＡＡ）等が挙げられる。なお、結合剤３１は、金属層２１の一部又は全部を覆ってもよいし、金属層２１の内部に入り込んで金属層２１の全体を露出させてもよい。 In the buffer material 10, the metal particles 22 forming the metal layer 21 are bonded to each other by the binder 31. The binder 31 is made of hot melt, for example. Examples of the types of hot melts include thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer (TPU), ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), and polyethylene/ethylene/acrylic acid copolymer mixture (PE/EAA). The binder 31 may cover a part or the whole of the metal layer 21, or may enter the inside of the metal layer 21 to expose the entire metal layer 21.
緩衝材１０を製造するには、まず、両面にスキン層を有する発泡シートを準備する。両面にスキン層を有する発泡シートの作製方法としては、連続的にシート状に発泡させる方法、成形型内で発泡させる方法、あらかじめ成形された発泡シートの表面を熱等により処理を行う方法等が挙げられる。 In order to manufacture the cushioning material 10, first, a foamed sheet having skin layers on both sides is prepared. Examples of the method for producing a foamed sheet having skin layers on both sides include a method of continuously foaming into a sheet shape, a method of foaming in a molding die, a method of treating the surface of a foamed sheet previously molded with heat, etc. Can be mentioned.
次いで、発泡シートの各スキン層の上に金属を溶射する。すると、発泡層１１の両面に金属層２１が積層された積層シートが得られる。ここで、スキン層は、発泡シートの内層部よりも密度が高くなっているので、溶射された金属粒子２２が発泡シートの内部に入り込むことが抑制され、金属層２１の目付量の低下が抑制されると共に、金属層２１の厚みの均一化が図られる。その結果、金属層２１の伝熱性能の向上が図られる。なお、金属溶射としては、燃焼ガスを熱源とするフレーム式溶射、高速フレーム式溶射、爆発溶射や電気を熱源とするアーク式溶射、プラズマ溶射、ＲＦプラズマ溶射、線爆溶射等を用いることができる。なかでもアーク溶射は、金属層２１の形成速度が速く、金属層２１の目付量を精度よく制御できる点で好ましい。 Then, a metal is sprayed on each skin layer of the foamed sheet. Then, a laminated sheet in which the metal layers 21 are laminated on both surfaces of the foam layer 11 is obtained. Here, since the skin layer has a higher density than the inner layer portion of the foamed sheet, the sprayed metal particles 22 are suppressed from entering the inside of the foamed sheet, and the decrease in the basis weight of the metal layer 21 is suppressed. At the same time, the thickness of the metal layer 21 is made uniform. As a result, the heat transfer performance of the metal layer 21 is improved. As the metal spraying, flame spraying using combustion gas as a heat source, high speed flame spraying, explosive spraying or arc spraying using electricity as a heat source, plasma spraying, RF plasma spraying, line explosion spraying, etc. can be used. .. Among them, arc spraying is preferable because the formation speed of the metal layer 21 is high and the weight per unit area of the metal layer 21 can be accurately controlled.
次いで、金属層２１の上にホットメルトを塗布して、金属層２１を構成する金属粒子２２どうしを結合剤３１で結合する。なお、具体的な塗布方法としては、ホットスプレー、ロールコーター、ホットメルトフィルムとのラミネート等の方法が挙げられる。 Next, hot melt is applied onto the metal layer 21 to bond the metal particles 22 forming the metal layer 21 to each other with the binder 31. Specific coating methods include hot spraying, roll coating, laminating with a hot melt film, and the like.
緩衝材１０は、図２に示される組電池５０に組み付けられる。組電池５０は、複数の単電池５１を所定方向に配列してなる。具体的には、各単電池５１は、扁平な矩形板状に形成されていて、複数の単電池５１は、厚み方向で重なるように配置される。そして、緩衝材１０は、隣り合う２つの単電池５１に挟まれるように組み付けられる。なお、各単電池５１の長手方向の一端面には、電極部５２が突設されていて、複数の単電池５１は、電極部５２が同じ側（図２では、上側）を向くように配置される。ここで、図２において、単電池５１及び緩衝材１０について、複数の単電池５１及び緩衝材１０が配列する方向を厚み方向とし、矩形形状に形成された単電池５１の長辺方向を長手方向とし、短辺方向を幅方向とする。 The cushioning material 10 is assembled to the assembled battery 50 shown in FIG. The assembled battery 50 is formed by arranging a plurality of unit cells 51 in a predetermined direction. Specifically, each unit cell 51 is formed in a flat rectangular plate shape, and the plurality of unit cells 51 are arranged so as to overlap in the thickness direction. Then, the cushioning material 10 is assembled so as to be sandwiched between two adjacent single cells 51. In addition, an electrode portion 52 is provided so as to project from one end face in the longitudinal direction of each unit cell 51, and the plurality of unit cells 51 are arranged such that the electrode sections 52 face the same side (the upper side in FIG. 2 ). To be done. Here, in FIG. 2, with respect to the unit cell 51 and the cushioning material 10, the direction in which the plurality of unit cells 51 and the cushioning material 10 are arranged is the thickness direction, and the long side direction of the unit cell 51 formed in a rectangular shape is the longitudinal direction. And the short side direction is the width direction.
ここで、図３に示されるように、緩衝材１０の発泡層１１は、単電池５１の厚み方向から見て単電池５１の外側にはみ出るように配置される。即ち、発泡層１１は、厚み方向で単電池５１と重なる重なり部１１Ａと、重なり部１１Ａから単電池５１の外側へと延びる延出部１１Ｂと、を有することになる。また、緩衝材１０の各金属層２１は、上述したように発泡層１１の表裏の両面の全体を覆うように形成されている。したがって、金属層２１は、発泡層１１の重なり部１１Ａと延出部１１Ｂとに跨って配置されることになる。 Here, as shown in FIG. 3, the foam layer 11 of the cushioning material 10 is arranged so as to protrude outside the unit cell 51 when viewed from the thickness direction of the unit cell 51. That is, the foam layer 11 has the overlapping portion 11A that overlaps the unit cell 51 in the thickness direction and the extending portion 11B that extends from the overlapping portion 11A to the outside of the unit cell 51. Further, each metal layer 21 of the cushioning material 10 is formed so as to cover the entire front and back surfaces of the foam layer 11 as described above. Therefore, the metal layer 21 is arranged so as to straddle the overlapping portion 11A and the extending portion 11B of the foam layer 11.
なお、具体的には、発泡層１１は平面視長方形状に形成されていて、その長手方向の長さは、単電池５１の長手方向の長さよりも長くなっていて、その幅方向の長さは、単電池５１の幅方向の長さと略同じになっている。そして、緩衝材１０は、発泡層１１の長手方向の一端が単電池５１の長手方向の一端と一致するように配置される。この配置では、延出部１１Ｂは、発泡層１１の長手方向の他端部によって構成される。 In addition, specifically, the foam layer 11 is formed in a rectangular shape in a plan view, and the length in the longitudinal direction thereof is longer than the length in the longitudinal direction of the unit cell 51, and the length in the width direction thereof. Is substantially the same as the widthwise length of the unit cell 51. The cushioning material 10 is arranged such that one end of the foam layer 11 in the longitudinal direction is aligned with one end of the cell 51 in the longitudinal direction. In this arrangement, the extending portion 11B is formed by the other end portion of the foam layer 11 in the longitudinal direction.
ところで、組電池５０の単電池５１には、安定した電池性能を発揮するための適した温度範囲が存在するが、単電池５１は充放電時に発熱又は吸熱するので、充放電時に発熱した場合には、単電池５１の熱を外部に放熱する必要がある。本実施形態では、単電池５１どうしの間に挟まれる緩衝材１０の両面に金属層２１が形成されていて、この金属層２１は、単電池５１の厚み方向から見て、単電池５１と重なる位置から単電池５１の外側へと延びている。従って、金属層２１が単電池５１に接触すると、単電池５１からの熱が金属層２１を介して外部に放熱される。しかも、緩衝材１０において２つの金属層２１に挟まれる発泡層１１は金属層２１よりも断熱性に優れるので、緩衝材１０を挟む２つの単電池５１のうち一方の電池５１から金属層２１に伝わった熱が、発泡層１１を通って他方の単電池５１に伝達されることが抑制される。 By the way, the unit cell 51 of the assembled battery 50 has a suitable temperature range for exhibiting stable battery performance. However, since the unit cell 51 generates heat or absorbs heat during charging/discharging, when it generates heat during charging/discharging. Needs to radiate the heat of the unit cell 51 to the outside. In the present embodiment, the metal layers 21 are formed on both surfaces of the cushioning material 10 sandwiched between the unit cells 51, and the metal layers 21 overlap the unit cells 51 when viewed in the thickness direction of the unit cells 51. It extends from the position to the outside of the unit cell 51. Therefore, when the metal layer 21 contacts the unit cell 51, the heat from the unit cell 51 is radiated to the outside via the metal layer 21. Moreover, since the foam layer 11 sandwiched between the two metal layers 21 in the cushioning material 10 is superior in heat insulating property to the metal layer 21, one of the two cells 51 sandwiching the cushioning material 10 is connected to the metal layer 21. The transferred heat is suppressed from being transferred to the other unit cell 51 through the foam layer 11.
ここで、結合剤３１の融点は、単電池５１の表面温度以上であればよく、具体的には、８０℃以上、より好ましくは１００℃以上であることが好ましい。また、単電池５１からの熱を効率よく外部へ放熱するためには、結合剤３１の塗布厚みは、８０μｍ以下であることが好ましく、４０μｍ以下であることがより好ましい。 Here, the melting point of the binder 31 may be equal to or higher than the surface temperature of the unit cell 51, and specifically, it is preferably 80° C. or higher, more preferably 100° C. or higher. Further, in order to efficiently radiate the heat from the unit cell 51 to the outside, the coating thickness of the binder 31 is preferably 80 μm or less, and more preferably 40 μm or less.
このように、本実施形態の緩衝材１０では、発泡層１１が２つの金属層２１に挟まれた構造になっているので、単電池５１からの熱を、金属層２１が形成されている方向（緩衝材１０の長手方向及び幅方向）に伝達して外部に放熱する一方で、単電池５１からの熱を層間方向（厚み方向）には遮断することが可能となっている。 As described above, in the cushioning material 10 of the present embodiment, the foam layer 11 is sandwiched between the two metal layers 21, so that the heat from the unit cell 51 is directed in the direction in which the metal layer 21 is formed. The heat from the unit cell 51 can be blocked in the interlayer direction (thickness direction) while being transmitted to the outside (in the longitudinal direction and the width direction of the cushioning material 10) and radiating to the outside.
ここで、発泡層１１の厚みを単電池５１どうしの間隔以上に設定すれば、発泡層１１の弾発力で金属層２１を単電池５１に押し付けることが可能となる。これにより、金属層２１と単電池５１を密に接触させることが可能となり、単電池５１からの熱を金属層２１に効率よく伝達させることが可能となる。 Here, if the thickness of the foam layer 11 is set to be not less than the interval between the unit cells 51, the metal layer 21 can be pressed against the unit cell 51 by the elastic force of the foam layer 11. Thereby, the metal layer 21 and the unit cell 51 can be brought into close contact with each other, and the heat from the unit cell 51 can be efficiently transferred to the metal layer 21.
具体的には、図３及び図４に示されるように、単電池５１は、充放電に伴って膨張、収縮する。したがって、緩衝材１０を挟む２つの単電池５１が共に収縮したとき（図３参照）の単電池５１どうしの間隔以上に発泡層１１の厚みが設定されていれば、常に金属層２１を単電池５１に接触させることが可能となる。 Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the unit cell 51 expands and contracts as it is charged and discharged. Therefore, if the thickness of the foam layer 11 is set to be equal to or larger than the interval between the two unit cells 51 when the two unit cells 51 sandwiching the cushioning material 10 contract (see FIG. 3 ), the metal layer 21 is always set to the unit cell. It becomes possible to contact 51.
発泡層１１が弾性変形する場合、その弾性変形に伴う金属層２１の破損（例えば、割れや折れ）が問題となり得る。金属層２１が破損すると、金属層２１の熱伝達効率の低下を招く可能性もある。しかしながら、本実施形態では、金属層２１を構成する金属粒子２２どうしが結合剤３１で結合される（図１（Ｂ）参照）ことにより、金属層２１の破損が抑制されている。 When the foam layer 11 elastically deforms, damage (for example, cracking or breaking) of the metal layer 21 due to the elastic deformation may be a problem. If the metal layer 21 is damaged, the heat transfer efficiency of the metal layer 21 may be reduced. However, in the present embodiment, the metal particles 22 forming the metal layer 21 are bonded to each other by the binder 31 (see FIG. 1B), so that the damage of the metal layer 21 is suppressed.
なお、組電池５０が寒冷地で稼働する場合には、ヒーター等の温調装置によって単電池５１を適切な温度に保つことが考えられる。このような場合においても、温調装置からの熱が金属層２１を介して単電池５１に伝達されるので、単電池５１の充放電効率の低下や電池寿命の短縮を抑制可能となる。 In addition, when the assembled battery 50 is operated in a cold region, it is conceivable to keep the unit cell 51 at an appropriate temperature by a temperature control device such as a heater. Even in such a case, the heat from the temperature control device is transferred to the unit cell 51 via the metal layer 21, so that it is possible to suppress a decrease in charge/discharge efficiency of the unit cell 51 and a decrease in battery life.
本実施形態の緩衝材１０では、単電池５１に接触する金属層２１が単電池５１と重なる位置から外側へ延びているので、単電池５１の熱を外部に放熱したり、外部から単電池５１に熱を伝達したりすることが可能となる。しかも、緩衝材１０の２つの金属層２１どうしの間では、発泡層１１によって熱の伝達が抑制される。これらにより、外部からの単電池５１の温度調整が容易となる。また、金属層２１は、発泡層１１の両面の上に積層されているので、単電池５１の膨張又は収縮に伴って発泡層１１が膨張又は収縮しても、金属層２１を発泡層１１の変形に追従させることができる。 In the cushioning material 10 of the present embodiment, the metal layer 21 in contact with the unit cell 51 extends outward from the position overlapping the unit cell 51, so that the heat of the unit cell 51 is radiated to the outside or the unit cell 51 from the outside. It is possible to transfer heat to. In addition, the heat transfer is suppressed by the foam layer 11 between the two metal layers 21 of the cushioning material 10. These facilitate the temperature adjustment of the unit cell 51 from the outside. Further, since the metal layer 21 is laminated on both surfaces of the foam layer 11, even if the foam layer 11 expands or contracts due to the expansion or contraction of the unit cell 51, the metal layer 21 is not separated from the foam layer 11. The deformation can be followed.
［他の実施形態］
（１）発泡層１１の表皮層１２は、連続気泡構造の発泡シートの表面を平板やロール等を用いた加熱プレスにより溶融させることで形成されてもよい。
[Other Embodiments]
(1) The skin layer 12 of the foam layer 11 may be formed by melting the surface of a foam sheet having an open-cell structure with a hot press using a flat plate, a roll, or the like.
（２）金属層２１は、金属蒸着によって形成されてもよい。 (2) The metal layer 21 may be formed by metal vapor deposition.
（３）上記実施形態では、金属層２１は、発泡層１１の全体を覆うように形成されていたが、図５の（Ａ）〜（Ｃ）に例示されるように、発泡層１１の一部を覆うように積層されてもよい。このような構成であっても、金属層２１が、発泡層１１の重なり部１１Ａと延出部１１Ｂとに跨って配置されていれば、金属層２１を介して、単電池５１からの熱を外部に放熱したり、外部からの熱を単電池５１に伝達したりすることができる。なお、図５では、発泡層１１と金属層２１の区別を容易にするために、金属層２１が灰色で示されている。 (3) In the above embodiment, the metal layer 21 was formed so as to cover the entire foam layer 11, but as shown in FIGS. It may be laminated so as to cover the part. Even with such a configuration, if the metal layer 21 is arranged so as to straddle the overlapping portion 11A and the extending portion 11B of the foam layer 11, heat from the unit cell 51 will pass through the metal layer 21. It is possible to radiate heat to the outside and transfer heat from the outside to the unit cell 51. Note that in FIG. 5, the metal layer 21 is shown in gray in order to facilitate the distinction between the foam layer 11 and the metal layer 21.
（４）金属層２１は、単電池５１の充電時にだけ単電池５１と接触するように構成されてもよい。具体的には、緩衝材１０は、収縮時の単電池５１どうしの間の隙間よりも薄く形成されてもよい。この場合であっても、単電池５１が充電時に膨張したときに、金属層２１が単電池５１と接触すれば、単電池５１からの熱を外部に放熱することが可能となる。 (4) The metal layer 21 may be configured to contact the unit cell 51 only when the unit cell 51 is charged. Specifically, the cushioning material 10 may be formed thinner than the gap between the unit cells 51 at the time of contraction. Even in this case, if the metal layer 21 contacts the unit cell 51 when the unit cell 51 expands during charging, the heat from the unit cell 51 can be radiated to the outside.
１０ 組電池用緩衝材
１１ 発泡層
１２ 表皮層
２１ 金属層
２２ 金属粒子
３１ 結合剤
５０ 組電池
５１ 単電池
10 Buffer Material for Batteries 11 Foam Layer 12 Skin Layer 21 Metal Layer 22 Metal Particles 31 Binder 50 Batteries 51 Single Batteries
Claims (4)
発泡層の両面に金属層を積層して備え、
前記発泡層は、その厚さ方向が前記所定方向を向くように配置されて前記単電池に挟まれ、前記所定方向から見て前記単電池と重なる重なり部と該重なり部から前記単電池の外側へ延びる延出部とを有し、
前記金属層は、前記重なり部と前記延出部とに跨って配置されている、組電池用緩衝材。 In a cushioning material for an assembled battery used in an assembled battery formed by arranging a plurality of cells in a predetermined direction,
It is equipped with metal layers laminated on both sides of the foam layer,
The foamed layer is arranged so that its thickness direction faces the predetermined direction and is sandwiched between the unit cells, and an overlapping portion overlapping the unit cell when viewed from the predetermined direction and an outer side of the unit cell from the overlapping portion. And an extension portion extending to
The metal layer is a shock-absorbing material for assembled battery, which is disposed so as to straddle the overlapping portion and the extending portion.
前記金属層は、金属溶射によって前記表皮層の上に形成されている、請求項１に記載の組電池用緩衝材。 In the surface layer portion of the foam layer, a skin layer having a higher density than the inner layer portion of the foam layer is formed,
The cushioning material for an assembled battery according to claim 1, wherein the metal layer is formed on the skin layer by metal spraying.
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