JP2020078445A - Posture fixing mat - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a posture fixing mat in which cushioning properties are extremely too soft and are not too hard, a human body can be followed so as to make a wall with a matt surface, and thereby conditions of a posture can be maintained easily.SOLUTION: A posture fixing mat includes: a lower part having multiple gas-permeable slender bag-like fabric bodes continuously arranged along the width direction and having many beads filled inside, and an exterior part for storing the slender bag-like fabric bodies and comprising a coating material to coat them in an airtight state; an upper layer part continuously arranged at an upper part in the lower part and arranged in response to each slender bag-like fabric body, and including multiple soft bodies covered by the skin material; and a valve part provided at the exterior part, and removably mounted with a negative pressure generator for absorbing air in the exterior part.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

  BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a posture-fixing mat, and more particularly to improvement of a posture-fixing mat that maintains a whole or a part of a human body in a predetermined state.

  BACKGROUND ART Conventionally, when a human body, which is a patient, is supine or recumbent on a bed, the human body is moved for a predetermined period of time when performing imaging such as CT (Computed Tomography) or MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) or when performing surgery. It is necessary to fix it so that it does not exist, but it may be difficult to maintain the stationary state depending on the disease state and age of the patient.

  Therefore, conventionally, there has been a demand for a posture fixing mat that is laid on a bed and fixed (or retained) without restraining a human body with a belt or the like.

  Such a conventional cushion body is composed of a futon-like gas-impermeable quilting bag body and a gas-permeable cushion body which is housed inside and filled with foam beads. By degassing by sucking air and shrinking the cushion itself, the entire body is deformed into an arc shape in transverse section, and the human body of a supine or recumbent patient is sandwiched and fixed on the cushion body from both sides. (For example, see Patent Document 1).

Japanese Patent No. 60021189

  However, in the position-fixing mat disclosed in such a prior art document, since it is configured as a one-layer structure in which a large number of beads are filled in a cushion body arranged in parallel, the mat when fixed is used by a patient. Since the pressure of the part that comes into contact with the body of the patient partially increases and the surgery and examination take a certain amount of time, the patient's skin is pressed for a certain amount of time, resulting in pressure ulcers and nerve pressure on the patient. Could occur.

  In addition, when it is formed as a one-layer structure in which a large number of beads are filled as in the conventional case, it seems that the surgical knife has fallen due to an unexpected reason during the operation, for example, the delivery of the surgical knife was not properly performed. In such a case, there is a possibility that air leakage may occur due to breakage of the elongated bag-shaped fabric body, negative pressure may be released, and the patient's body position may not be fixed.

  Therefore, the problem of the present invention, when it is used without sudden pressure on the patient's skin for a predetermined period of time without pressure ulcers and nerve pressure, and when a sudden event occurs during surgery Even so, it is an object of the present invention to provide a posture-fixing mat capable of maintaining a fixed posture of the patient.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, in the invention according to claim 1, a plurality of gas-permeable elongated bag-like fabrics, which are continuously provided along the width direction and are filled with a large number of beads, and the elongated bag-like shape. A lower layer part having an exterior part made of a covering material for accommodating the fabric body and covering it in an airtight state, and arranged continuously above the lower layer part and arranged corresponding to each of the elongated bag-like fabric bodies, and covering the skin material. An upper layer portion including a plurality of soft bodies that have been separated, and a valve portion that is provided in the exterior portion and to which a negative pressure generating device that sucks air inside the exterior portion is detachably attached, To do.

  The posture fixing mat according to the present invention has a two-layer structure including a lower layer portion and an upper layer portion. The lower layer portion is formed by continuously arranging, in the width direction, a long bag-shaped cloth body in which a large number of beads are filled in a gas-permeable long bag-shaped cloth body inside the covering material that covers in an airtight state. The upper layer portion is continuously provided above the lower layer portion, and is composed of a plurality of flat strip-shaped soft bodies covered with a skin material, and is arranged corresponding to each section of the elongated bag-shaped fabric body.

The human body fixing mat according to the present invention is laid, for example, on an operating table with the upper part facing upward, and when the patient is supine or lying down, the elongated bag is loaded with a load from the human body or the like. The air inside the strip-shaped fabric body is sucked by the negative pressure generating device from the valve portion provided in the exterior portion, so that the lower layer portion contracts along the length direction of the elongated bag-shaped fabric body, resulting in a load. Depending on the surface pressure of, the lower and upper layers are deformed from both sides such as the human body so as to follow the surface shape of the human body and stand up, or a wall that wraps around the human body is made so that the patient's body position from both sides Fix it.
It should be noted that whether to stand up or wrap up during this deformation depends on the load from the human body or the amount of protrusion (length in the width direction).

In the invention according to claim 2, the elongated bag-shaped cloth body and the soft body are along the height direction in a state where the body intersects the height direction of the body with reference to the state where the body is supine or lying down. It is characterized in that they are connected to each other.
Therefore, at the time of deaeration, it contracts along the length direction of the elongated bag-shaped fabric body, so that it deforms into a side arc along the width direction of the patient's body, and sandwiches the patient's body so as to wrap it from the side. Fix with.

In the invention according to claim 3, the elongated bag-shaped fabric body is made of a fabric made of a woven fabric or a knitted fabric, and the widthwise joint portion of each of the elongated bag-shaped fabric bodies is woven or knitted. It is characterized by being joined by being drawn.
Therefore, in the plurality of slender bag-like fabrics continuously arranged in the width direction, the joint portion in the width direction is integrally formed by weaving or knitting the slender bag-like fabric itself without using separate threads or the like. Has been done.

  The invention according to claim 4 is characterized in that the entire surface is formed in a rectangular shape and the thickness dimension of the skin material is smaller than the thickness dimension of the covering material.

  The invention according to claim 5 is characterized in that the beads have an average particle diameter of 0.7 to 1.0 mm. Therefore, in the invention of claim 5, so-called small particle diameter beads are used.

  According to the first aspect of the invention, a plurality of gas-permeable elongated bag-shaped cloth bodies that are continuously provided along the width direction and are filled with a large number of beads, and the elongated bag-shaped cloth body are housed and hermetically sealed. A lower layer portion having an exterior portion made of a covering material for covering the state, and arranged corresponding to each of the elongated bag-shaped fabric bodies continuously provided above the lower layer portion, and a plurality of soft bodies covered with a skin material. The apparatus includes an upper layer portion provided with the valve, and a valve portion provided on the exterior portion, to which a negative pressure generating device for sucking air inside the exterior portion is detachably attached.

  Since the conventional position-fixing mat has a one-layer structure filled with a large number of beads, the pressure for fixing the position is partially increased, and the skin and muscles of the patient are pressed, resulting in pressure ulcers and nerves. Although there is a possibility that compression will occur, in the invention according to claim 1, since the upper layer portion, which the human body directly contacts when the patient lies down, is made of a soft body, the lower layer portion has a shadow. Even when pressure is applied to the human body, the upper layer acts to buffer the pressure on the human body, and it is possible to ensure a predetermined cushioning property, so during operation or during radiation treatment The patient's distress can be reduced, and the occurrence of pressure ulcer and nerve compression can be avoided.

  Furthermore, in the case of a one-layer structure filled with a large number of beads, when the surgical knife falls due to an unexpected reason during surgery, such as when the surgical knife is not delivered properly, the elongated bag-like fabric body is damaged. There was a risk that air leakage would occur and the negative pressure would be released, but even if the surgical knife were accidentally dropped, it would fall to the upper layer, and the upper layer would temporarily disappear. Even if it is broken, it is possible to prevent the lower layer part from being affected, so that it is possible to maintain the fixed state of the patient.

  Further, since the upper layer portion provided with the soft body is disposed separately from the lower layer portion to which the negative pressure acts, the lower layer portion contracts due to the negative pressure and wrinkles and slack in the exterior portion. Even if it occurs, wrinkles and slack do not affect the upper layer, so it is possible to suppress the occurrence of wrinkles and the like due to the generation of negative pressure in the upper layer as much as possible. It is possible to prevent the occurrence of pressure ulcers and nerve pressure caused by the wrinkles and the like resulting from the fixation over a long period of time pressing the skin of the patient.

  In the invention according to claim 2, the elongated bag-shaped cloth body and the soft body are along the height direction in a state where the body intersects the height direction of the body with reference to the state where the body is supine or lying down. Are concatenated and arranged, and when degassed, they contract along the length direction of the elongated bag-shaped fabric body, so that they deform in an arc shape in the transverse section so as to go upward along the width direction of the patient's body, The body of the patient is laterally wrapped so as to be sandwiched and fixed.

  In the conventional body-position fixing mat, the elongated bag-shaped cloth body is arranged in a state along the height direction of the human body with the human body lying down or lying down as a reference. In this case, since a void portion is formed along the length direction in the joint portion between the plurality of elongated bag-shaped fabric bodies, the void portion of the elongated bag-shaped fabric body is sufficiently formed by the existence of this void portion. There is a problem that it is not possible to secure a fixed strength in the height direction.

  However, in the invention according to claim 2, the slender bag-like cloth body and the soft body are in a state of intersecting the height direction of the human body with respect to the height direction of the human body with respect to the state in which the human body is supine or lying down. Since it is connected to each other along the width direction, each elongated bag-shaped fabric body can fix the patient's body along the width direction, and the voids arranged along the width direction of the body prevent the fixation. Therefore, it becomes possible to secure sufficient fixing strength.

  In the invention according to claim 3, the elongated bag-shaped fabric body is made of a fabric made of a woven fabric or a knitted fabric, and the widthwise joint portion of each elongated bag-shaped fabric body is woven or knitted. Multiple slender bag-like fabrics that are joined by being squeezed in the width direction are connected to each other in the width direction, and the joint portion in the width direction is the weave of the slender bag-like fabric itself without using separate threads or the like. Alternatively, since it is integrally formed by knitting and is not separately fixed by using a suture thread or the like, it is possible to prevent a situation in which the suture thread is reflected in an inspection using an X-ray or the like.

  The invention according to claim 4 is characterized in that the entire surface is formed in a rectangular shape and the thickness dimension of the skin material is smaller than the thickness dimension of the covering material.

  Therefore, when the patient is supine or lying down, the skin material of the upper layer, which comes into contact with the patient's skin, is formed thinner than the covering material of the lower layer, so the lower layer contracts during deaeration, and the patient is pinched and compressed. Even in such a case, it is possible to reduce the influence of pressure on the skin of the patient.

  In the invention according to claim 5, since the beads have an average particle size in the range of 0.7 to 1.0 mm, the large particle size beads have a high foaming ratio and thus have good cushioning properties. However, in the invention according to claim 5, since only small-diameter beads are used, it is possible to provide a posture-fixing mat that is richer in fixing force. it can.

It is a top view showing an example of use in one embodiment of a body posture fixing mat concerning the present invention. 1 shows an embodiment of a posture fixing mat according to the present invention, (A) is a front view of the posture fixing mat, (B) is a side surface of the posture fixing mat, (C) is a longitudinal sectional view of the posture fixing mat, ( D) is an enlarged sectional view of a main part. The modification in one Embodiment of the body position fixing mat which concerns on this invention is shown in a time series, (A) is explanatory drawing before a human supine or lying down, (B) is explanatory drawing of a supine or lying down state of a human body, (C) ) Is an explanatory view of a human body retention state after suction.

    A posture fixing mat according to the present invention will be described based on an embodiment with reference to the drawings.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the posture-fixing mat 1 is configured such that, for example, when a human body P of a patient or the like is in a supine or recumbent state, a negative pressure is applied by a negative pressure generating device or the like (not shown) to fix the human body. The body position of the human body P is fixed by fixing from both sides.

As shown in FIG. 2, the body-position-fixing mat 1 includes a plurality of gas-permeable elongated bag-shaped fabric bodies B1 to B5 and a plurality of elongated bag-shaped cloth bodies that are continuously provided along the width direction and are filled with a large number of beads 3. A lower layer part 4 having an exterior part 8 made of a covering material 8a for accommodating the fabric bodies B1 to B5 in an airtight state, and the elongated bag-like fabric bodies B1 to B5 continuously provided above the lower layer portion 4. An upper layer portion 7 having a plurality of rectangular soft bodies 6 arranged correspondingly and covered with the skin material 5, and a negative pressure generating device provided in the exterior portion 8 for sucking air inside the exterior portion 8 ( (Not shown) is detachably mounted.
The cushion body 2 is formed by the elongated bag-shaped fabric bodies B1 to B5 in which a large number of beads 3 are filled, and in the present embodiment, the back surface side of the cushion body 2 has a width direction. Three belts 11 are provided that extend outward in the width direction.

  Specifically, the body-position fixing mat 1 includes a lower layer portion 4 including a large number of beads 3 filled in gas-permeable elongated bag-shaped fabric bodies B1 to B5 formed by weaving a knit fabric, and a polyurethane. It is configured by a two-layer structure including an upper layer portion 7 including a soft body 6 formed of a foam in a plane rectangular shape. In this case, the soft body 6 can be made of a material other than polyurethane foam, and any material that can ensure appropriate cushioning properties can be used.

  In the present embodiment, the body-position-fixing mat 1 is formed in a flat rectangular shape, and the five elongated bag-shaped fabric bodies B1 to B5 have a length direction along the width direction of the lower-position-fixing mat 1. The flexible mats are continuously provided along the length direction of the body-position-fixing mat 1, and above each of the elongated bag-shaped fabric bodies B1 to B5, there are five soft materials corresponding to the elongated bag-shaped fabric bodies B1 to B5. The body 6 is disposed and is covered with the skin material 5 as a whole to form the upper layer portion 7. The upper layer portion 7 is bonded and fixed to the lower layer portion 4.

The material of the coating material 8a that constitutes the lower layer portion 8 is gas impermeable that holds the gas inside it in an airtight manner. The elongated bag-shaped fabric bodies B1 to B5 are formed to be gas permeable, and in the present embodiment, they are formed in a tubular shape having an elliptical cross section so that the beads 3 can be filled therein. It is configured.
Further, in the present embodiment, the soft body 6 is formed to have substantially the same width dimensions and length dimensions as the elongated bag-shaped fabric bodies B1 to B5, and the soft bodies 6 are not connected to each other in the width direction. In this state, it is housed and arranged in the skin material 5.

Therefore, when the lower layer portion 2 contracts during deaeration and each elongated bag-shaped fabric body B1 to B5 is deformed into an arc shape in which both ends are rounded upward along the length direction, The soft body 6 is also arranged along with the corresponding elongated bag-shaped fabric bodies B1 to B5 in an arc shape which is rounded upward similarly to the lower layer portion 2. In this state, the body of a patient lying supine or lying down is sandwiched and fixed from both sides.

The thickness dimension of the skin material 5 forming the upper layer portion 7 is smaller than the thickness dimension of the skin material forming the exterior portion 8. As a result, since the skin material 5 that comes into contact with the patient's skin when the patient is supine or lying supine upward is formed thinner, the negative pressure acts on the lower layer portion 4 to cause contraction and deformation of the human body. It is configured to reduce the effect on the skin and the like.
In the present embodiment, the case where the thickness dimension of the skin material 5 that constitutes the upper layer portion 7 is smaller than the thickness dimension of the skin material that configures the exterior portion 8 will be described as an example. However, the thickness dimension of the skin material 5 forming the upper layer portion 7 may not be smaller than the thickness dimension of the skin material forming the exterior portion 8.

Further, the elongated bag-shaped fabric bodies B1 to B5 are integrally woven with each other by knitted fabrics, and the joint portion 2a between the elongated bag-shaped fabric bodies B1 to B5 uses a separate suture thread. Are not joined together.
Therefore, when the sutures between the elongated bag-shaped fabric bodies B1 to B5 are sewn using separate sutures, the sutures may be reflected in the image when the X-ray image is taken. However, in the present embodiment, since the joint portion 2a between the elongated bag-shaped fabric bodies B1 to B5 is integrally woven with knit fabric without using sutures, Such a situation can be effectively avoided.
In this case, in the present embodiment, the case where the elongated bag-shaped fabric bodies B1 to B5 are integrally woven with the knit fabric has been described as an example. Alternatively, natural fibers can be used as a material. Further, a material other than the knit material may be used as long as the elongated bag-shaped material B1 to B5 can be integrally formed.

  In the present embodiment, as the beads 3, for example, the small particle beads 3 having an average particle diameter in the range of 0.7 to 1.0 mm are used. In this case, in FIG. 2D, only a part of the beads 3 is shown for convenience of description, and in reality, the beads 3 are filled with a certain gap.

Large-sized beads (for example, average particle size of 4.0 to 5.0 mm) may be mixed with small-sized beads for use. Since such large-diameter beads have a high expansion ratio and thus have good cushioning properties, they are lacking in fixing force and retaining power. Therefore, in the position-fixing mat 1 according to the present embodiment, only small-sized beads are used. Is used. When only the small particle size beads are used as in the present embodiment, it is possible to provide a body position fixing mat having a higher fixing force than when the large particle size beads are used.
Further, beads having a particle size other than the small particle size beads or the large particle size beads may be mixed and used, and the present invention is not limited to this embodiment. Further, the small particle size beads and the large particle size beads can be used without being limited to the above particle size.

  The band portion 11 has a predetermined width and strength, and for example, the vicinity of the center in the length direction thereof is fixed to the exterior portion 8 via a fixing reinforcing member 12, and the extension of the joint portion 2a. It has a length along the existing direction, and both ends thereof protrude from the lower layer portion 4 by a predetermined length.

  As a result, the mat portions (the lower layer portion 4 and the upper layer portion 7) of the body posture fixing mat 1 can be fixed by engaging both ends of the band portion 11 on the back side of the bed or the gantry.

  Further, for example, as an emergency stretcher, it is possible to perform movement, relocation, transportation, etc. by holding both ends of the band portion 11 by a plurality of people while the human body P is lying on its back or lying down. The length of the band portion 11 is adjustable, and whether the both ends are directly engaged with each other or an engaging portion (not shown) that engages with an engaged portion provided on the bed or the gantry is arbitrarily selected. is there.

Hereinafter, the usage state of the body posture fixing mat 1 according to the present embodiment will be described.
When using the posture fixing mat 1 according to the present embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 2(A) and 3(A), a direction along the length direction of the posture fixing mat 1, that is, an elongated bag shape. The patient's body P is placed in a direction intersecting the length directions of the fabrics B1 to B5 and the soft body 6 and the patient is laid on the position-fixing mat 1 in a supine or recumbent position and set on a CT scan, MRI, or operating table. (Fix)

  As shown in FIG. 3(B), when the human body P is supine or lying down on the body-positioning mat 1, the upper body 7 is compressed by the weight (load) of the human body P so that the lower body 4 is compressed. The beads 3 fluidly move inside the elongated bag-shaped bodies B1 to B5 and are slightly deformed so as to be in close contact with the surface of the human body P (for example, the back side such as the back).

Then, in this state, as shown in FIG. 3(C), the hose 10 of the negative pressure generating device (not shown) is connected to the valve portion 9, and the negative pressure generating device is operated to suck the air in the exterior portion 8. When a negative pressure is generated inside the exterior portion 8, the air inside the elongated bag-shaped fabric bodies B1 to B5 formed in a gas-permeable manner and the air inside the exterior portion 8 are sucked, and the exterior portion 8 As the inside is evacuated, the portions of the body-fixing mat 1 protruding from the top, bottom, left and right of the human body P stand upright.
Then, by appropriately shaping the standing portion so that both sides of the patient can be clamped by the helper's hands, the cross section is deformed into an arc shape that is rounded upward, and from both sides of the human body P of the patient. It is sandwiched so as to wrap it, and as a result, the body posture of the human body P with respect to the turning direction is maintained in a fixed state.

  Therefore, the portions of the lower layer portion 4 and the upper layer portion 7 protruding from the human body P are deformed so as to follow the surface shape of the human body P according to the surface pressure of the load, and the wall is erected or wrapped around the human body P. Can be made to maintain a posture, that is, to fix or retain the posture.

  At the time of this deformation, for example, whether the human body P stands up in the vicinity of both hands in FIG. 1 or is wrapped up as shown in FIG. It depends on

By the way, in the case of the one-layer structure of only the lower layer portion 4 filled with a large number of beads 3, the pressure for maintaining the body position may be partially increased, which may cause pressure ulcer or nerve compression.
On the other hand, in the position-fixing mat 1 according to the present embodiment, the two-layer structure of the lower layer portion 4 to which the negative pressure acts and the upper layer portion 7 to which the negative pressure does not act makes it suitable for the negative pressure. It is possible to secure a good cushioning property in the upper layer portion 7, it is possible to easily maintain the body position during surgery and during radiation treatment, and it is possible to suppress the occurrence of pressure ulcers and nerve compression.

Further, as in the conventional case, when the posture-fixing mat is configured by a single-layer structure of only the lower layer portion 4 filled with a large number of beads 3, it is possible to appropriately handle sudden events during surgery, for example, delivery of a surgical knife. If the surgical knife falls into the lower layer portion 4 without being performed, air leakage may occur due to breakage of the elongated bag-shaped fabric body 2 and the negative pressure may be released.
On the other hand, because of the two-layer structure of the lower layer portion 4 that is negatively pressured and the upper layer portion 7 that is not negatively pressured, the negative pressure acts on the lower layer portion 4, and the negative pressure acts on the upper layer portion 7. Since this is not done, it is possible to suppress the risk that the elongated bag-shaped cloth body 2 will be damaged, and to prevent the risk of air leakage from occurring.

  Further, when the extending direction of the joint 2a is along the height direction of the human body P lying supine or lying down, that is, the direction in which the rotation fulcrum extends when both sides rise so as to wrap the human body P, the joint 2a It becomes a rotation fulcrum and the whole body curls up, making it difficult to maintain the posture of the human body P, and there is a possibility that a part of the human body P may be pinched by the joint portion 2a during deformation due to negative pressure.

  On the other hand, since the extending direction of the joint portion 2a extends in a direction orthogonal to the height direction of the human body P lying on its back or lying down, the outer periphery protruding from the human body P can be appropriately raised while following the surface of the human body P. Therefore, it is possible to avoid the risk of a part of the human body P being sandwiched by the joint portion 2a during deformation due to negative pressure.

  Further, since the joint portion 2a can maintain the cylindrical shape of the elongated bag-shaped fabric body 2 (including the compressive deformation due to the load from the human body P side), the gap between the human body P and the joint portion 2a can be easily formed. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of blood circulation disorders (for example, economy class syndrome) due to long-term surgery and the like.

  As for the beads 3, as described above, the large particle beads having an average particle diameter of 4.0 to 5.0 mm and the small particle beads having an average particle diameter of 0.7 to 1.0 mm are mixed. It is also possible to provide a filled position-fixing mat.

  The above-described embodiment is an example, and the configuration can be appropriately changed within the scope of the gist of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment.

1 Body Position Fixing Mat 2 Cushion Body 2a Joint Part 3 Bead 4 Lower Layer Part 5 Skin Material 6 Soft Body 7 Upper Layer Part 8 Exterior Part 9 Valve Part 10 Negative Pressure Generating Device 11 Belt 12 Reinforcing Member B1-B5 Elongated Bag-like Fabric Body

Claims (5)

An exterior part made of a plurality of gas-permeable elongated bag-shaped cloth bodies that are continuously arranged along the width direction and filled with a large number of beads, and a covering material that accommodates the elongated bag-shaped cloth bodies and covers them in an airtight state. A lower layer portion having
An upper layer portion provided with a plurality of soft bodies that are continuously provided above the lower layer portion and are arranged corresponding to each of the elongated bag-shaped fabric bodies, and are covered with a skin material,
A posture fixing mat, comprising: a valve portion provided on the exterior portion, to which a negative pressure generating device for sucking air inside the exterior portion is detachably attached.   The elongated bag-shaped fabric body and the soft body are characterized in that they are arranged contiguously along the height direction in a state where the body crosses with respect to the height direction of the human body based on the state where the human body is supine or lying down. The posture fixing mat according to claim 1.   The slender bag-shaped fabric body is made of a fabric made of a woven or knitted fabric, and the joint portion in the width direction of each slender bag-shaped fabric body is joined by being woven or knitted. The posture-fixing mat according to any one of claims 1 and 2, which is characterized.   4. The body position fixing according to claim 1, wherein the skin material is formed in a rectangular shape as a whole and the thickness of the skin material is smaller than the thickness of the covering material. mat.   The posture fixing mat according to claim 1, wherein the beads have an average particle diameter in the range of 0.7 to 1.0 mm.