JP2020076969A - Display panel, 3d display device, and 3d hud device - Google Patents

Abstract

To remove moires by manufacturing the pixel structures in a 3D display to have the same structure, in other words, by manufacturing pixels of the same color to have the same shape.SOLUTION: The display panel according to an embodiment includes: a plurality of pixels and a plurality of spacers for holding spaces for the pixels in the display panel, the pixels being arranged periodically in the display panel according to the pattern determined on the basis of the spacers. The frequency for the repeat interval of the pattern is not included in the cognitive frequency band of a user.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2A

Description

  The following embodiments relate to a display panel, a 3D display device, and a 3D head-up display (HUD) device.

  When two periodic patterns overlap each other, interference between the patterns creates a pattern with a new period. A pattern having such a new period is called "moire". 3D displays are generally manufactured by stacking lenses on a display panel. Moire may occur due to the periodically arranged pixels and the periodically arranged lenses in the display panel. Moire is a factor that deteriorates the image quality of 3D images. In particular, the grid pattern due to moire that occurs when the display panel is applied to the 3D HUD acts as an element that may affect the driver's visual field.

JP, 2016-139112, A

  According to one embodiment, in a 3D display, all pixel structures are the same, in other words, all pixels having the same color are manufactured to have the same shape, thereby eliminating moire.

  According to one embodiment, a dual domain pixel structure is changed to a single domain pixel structure to change the moire period while retaining the spacers whether or not they are actually placed in the display panel. By considering the arrangement space of the spacers, the structures of the pixels included in the pattern have the same shape, thereby reducing the occurrence probability of moire.

  According to an embodiment, the display panel includes a plurality of pixels and a plurality of arrangement spaces provided between the plurality of pixels, the plurality of pixels being the pattern corresponding to the arrangement space. The frequencies provided uniformly within the display panel and corresponding to the repeating intervals of the pattern are outside the cognitive frequency band visible to the user.

  The pattern includes at least one pixel, and a structure of sub-pixels included in the at least one pixel may be determined in consideration of each of a plurality of arrangement spaces in the display panel.

  Each of the plurality of pixels may have the same shape.

  The shape of the plurality of pixels is determined according to a pattern of a combination of a plurality of sub-pixels included in each of the plurality of pixels, and each of the plurality of pixels has the same pattern in the display panel. obtain.

  The structure of the sub-pixel included in each of the plurality of pixels may be determined based on each of the arrangement spaces including a spacer.

  At least one of the sub-pixels included in each of the plurality of pixels has a size different from the size of the remaining pixels included in each of the plurality of pixels so as to correspond to each of the arrangement spaces. Can have.

  The structure of the sub-pixel included in each of the plurality of pixels may be determined according to a combination of the shape, size, and gradient of the sub-pixel.

  The pattern is repeated at a first cycle in which the pattern is repeated in the horizontal direction, a second cycle in which the pattern is repeated in the vertical direction, and the pattern is repeated in a direction that is a combination of the horizontal direction and the vertical direction. It may include at least one of the third periods.

  The plurality of pixels may include liquid crystal.

  According to one embodiment, the 3D display device includes a display panel including a plurality of pixels and a plurality of arrangement spaces provided between the plurality of pixels, and an optical layer controlling a direction of light incident from the display panel. The plurality of pixels are uniformly provided to the display panel based on a pattern corresponding to the plurality of arrangement spaces, and a frequency corresponding to a repeating interval of the pattern is outside a cognitive frequency band visible to a user. is there.

  The pattern includes at least one pixel, and a structure of sub-pixels included in the at least one pixel may be determined in consideration of each of a plurality of arrangement spaces in the display panel.

  Each of the plurality of pixels may have the same shape.

  The shape of the plurality of pixels is determined according to a pattern of a combination of a plurality of sub-pixels included in each of the plurality of pixels, and each of the plurality of pixels has the same pattern in the display panel. obtain.

  The structure of the sub-pixel included in each of the plurality of pixels may be determined based on each of the arrangement spaces including a spacer.

  At least one of the sub-pixels included in each of the plurality of pixels has a size different from the size of the remaining pixels included in each of the plurality of pixels so as to correspond to each of the arrangement spaces. Can have.

  The structure of the sub-pixel included in each of the plurality of pixels may be determined according to a combination of the shape, size, and gradient of the sub-pixel.

  The pattern is repeated at a first cycle in which the pattern is repeated in the horizontal direction, a second cycle in which the pattern is repeated in the vertical direction, and the pattern is repeated in a direction that is a combination of the horizontal direction and the vertical direction. It may include at least one of the third periods.

  According to one embodiment, a 3D HUD device includes a display panel including a plurality of pixels and a plurality of arrangement spaces provided between the plurality of pixels, and a light included in a window shield of a vehicle and incident from the display panel. An optical layer for controlling a direction of the user and at least one for generating a panel image displayed on the display panel in consideration of positions of both eyes of the user to provide a 3D image to the user via the optical layer. A processor, the plurality of pixels are periodically arranged in the display panel based on a pattern corresponding to the arrangement space, and a frequency corresponding to a repetition interval of the pattern is a cognitive frequency band visible to a user. Outside.

  The pattern may include at least one pixel, and a structure of sub-pixels included in the at least one pixel may be determined based on each of the arrangement spaces in the display panel.

  The structure of the sub-pixel included in each of the plurality of pixels may be determined based on each of the arrangement spaces including a spacer.

  At least a part of the sub-pixels included in the pattern may have a size different from that of the remaining pixels included in each of the plurality of pixels so as to correspond to each of the arrangement spaces.

  The structure of the sub-pixel included in each of the plurality of pixels may be determined according to a combination of the shape, size, and gradient of the sub-pixel.

  The pattern is repeated at a first cycle in which the pattern is repeated in the horizontal direction, a second cycle in which the pattern is repeated in the vertical direction, and the pattern is repeated in a direction that is a combination of the horizontal direction and the vertical direction. It may include at least one of the third periods.

  According to an embodiment, the display panel includes a plurality of pixels, a plurality of sub-pixels included in each of the plurality of pixels, and a plurality of arrangement spaces provided between the plurality of pixels. Of pixels are uniformly provided to the display panel based on the pattern of the sub-pixels corresponding to the arrangement space, and the frequency corresponding to the repeating interval of the pattern is outside the cognitive frequency band visible to the user.

  The sub-pixels include at least one R (Red) sub-pixel, G (Green) sub-pixel, and B (Blue) sub-pixel, and the R sub-pixel and the G sub-pixel included in each of the plurality of pixels. The shape, size, and slope of the pixel and B sub-pixel can be the same.

  At least one of the R sub-pixel, the G sub-pixel, and the B sub-pixel included in each of the plurality of pixels is a remainder included in each of the plurality of pixels based on each of the arrangement spaces. Can have a different size than the sub-pixels.

  Each of the plurality of arrangement spaces may include a spacer.

  According to one aspect, the moiré can be removed by manufacturing the 3D display with the same pixel structure, in other words, by manufacturing all pixels having the same color with the same shape.

  According to one aspect, the dual domain pixel structure is changed to a single domain pixel structure to change the moire period while retaining the spacers whether or not they are actually placed in the display panel. By considering the arrangement space of the spacers so that the pixels included in the pattern have the same shape, it is possible to reduce the occurrence probability of moire.

FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a moire generated in a display panel having a pixel structure of a general dual domain display. FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a moire generated in a display panel having a pixel structure of a general dual domain display. FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a moire generated in a display panel having a pixel structure of a general dual domain display. FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a pixel structure of a single domain display panel and a frequency image corresponding to the pixel structure according to an exemplary embodiment. FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a pixel structure of a single domain display panel and a frequency image corresponding to the pixel structure according to an exemplary embodiment. FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a display panel including pixels having different patterns. FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a display panel including pixels having different patterns. FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a display panel including pixels having different patterns. FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a display panel including pixels having the same pattern according to an exemplary embodiment. FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a display panel including pixels having the same pattern according to an exemplary embodiment. FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a display panel including pixels having the same pattern according to an exemplary embodiment. 6 is a flowchart illustrating a method for manufacturing a 3D display device according to an exemplary embodiment. FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a structure and an operation of a 3D HUD (head-up display) device according to an embodiment. It is a figure for explaining a generation cause of moire which is going to solve to one embodiment. It is a figure for explaining a generation cause of moire which is going to solve to one embodiment. It is a figure for explaining a generation cause of moire which is going to solve to one embodiment.

  The specific structural or functional description of the embodiments is modified into various forms as disclosed for the purpose of illustration only. Therefore, the embodiments are not limited to the specific disclosed forms, and the scope of the present specification includes modifications, equivalents, and alternatives included in the technical idea.

  Although terms such as first or second may be used to describe a plurality of components, such terms should only be construed for the purpose of distinguishing one component from another. For example, the first component can be named the second component, and similarly the second component can be named the first component.

  When any component is referred to as being "coupled" or "connected" to another component, it is directly coupled or connected to the other component, but in the middle. It should be understood that other components may be present.

  The terms used in the present specification are merely used to describe particular embodiments, and are not intended to limit the present invention. A singular expression includes plural expressions unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. In this specification, terms such as “comprising” and “having” mean that the features, numbers, steps, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof described above are present. It is to be understood that the presence or addition of one or more other features or numbers, steps, acts, components, parts, or combinations thereof, is not precluded in advance.

  Unless defined otherwise, all terms used herein, including technical or scientific terms, are commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this embodiment belongs. Has the same meaning as one. Pre-defined terms that are commonly used are to be interpreted as having meanings consistent with the meanings that they have in the context of the relevant art and, unless explicitly defined herein, are ideal or excessive. It is not interpreted as a formal meaning.

  The embodiments described below generate visual information to recognize a user, display a lane in an augmented reality navigation system such as a smart vehicle, or assist steering of an autonomous vehicle. Be utilized for. In addition, in the embodiment, in order to provide safe and comfortable driving, a device including an intelligent system such as a HUD (Head Up Display) provided for driving assistance in a vehicle or fully autonomous driving is used to track visual information. used. The embodiments are applied to, for example, smartphones, mobile devices, navigation, autonomous vehicles, intelligent vehicles, and the like. Hereinafter, embodiments will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining moire generated in a display panel having a pixel structure of a general dual domain display. Referring to FIG. 1A, a pixel structure of a dual domain display is shown. Referring to FIG. 1B, a frequency image according to the pixel structure shown in FIG. 1A is shown. Also, referring to FIG. 1C, a moiré pattern generated in manufacturing a 3D display in the pixel structure shown in FIG. 1A is shown.

  As shown in FIG. 1A, a three-dimensional display device is manufactured by stacking a lens on a display panel including pixels. Here, interference may occur due to the periodic pixels and the periodically arranged lenses in the display panel. If the frequency of the moire generated by the interference is in the low frequency region, the user recognizes the moire as a grid. Generally, the human eye cannot recognize a pattern having a frequency of 60 cycle / degree or more, but can recognize a pattern having a frequency of less than 60 cycle / degree. Frequencies below 60 cycles / degree correspond to the “cognitive frequency band” or the “visibility circle”. In FIG. 1B, a portion indicated by a circle indicates a boundary of 60 cycle / degree frequencies, which is called a “cognitive frequency boundary”. Here, a frequency corresponding to the inside of the perceptual frequency boundary, in other words, a frequency of 60 cycle / degree or less is referred to as a “cognitive frequency”. When the frequency of the periodic interference pattern generated by moire (hereinafter, referred to as “moire frequency”) corresponds to the recognition frequency, it is recognized as moire as shown in FIG. 1C by the human eye. Moire should be removed as a factor that deteriorates the quality of 3D images.

  Generally, the cause of moiré can be analyzed more easily in the frequency domain than in the spatial domain. Therefore, in the following, the presence or absence of moiré will be confirmed through an image changed to the frequency domain. Generally, moire can be defined as a newly generated periodic pattern regardless of whether it is visible to the user. However, in the following, for convenience of description and to prevent confusion, Only visible periodic patterns are defined as moire.

  It can be seen that in the dual domain display shown in FIG. 1A, the odd row pixels are tilted to the right and the even row pixels are tilted to the left. The pixel structure in which the pixel patterns of the odd-numbered columns and the even-numbered columns are different from each other is referred to as a “dual-domain” structure. Due to the difference in the shape of the upper and lower pixels in the dual domain structure, the cycle in which the pixel pattern is repeated becomes longer than in the single domain structure, and the frequency is inversely proportional to the pattern repetition interval, which reduces the frequency and reduces the frequency in the low frequency region. To generate. While such a low frequency overlaps with the lenticular lens, the probability that moire will occur increases.

  In one embodiment, the moiré can be removed from the perceptual frequency band by modifying the pixel structure to change the period of the moiré in a manner that reduces the period in which the pattern of pixels is repeated. For example, the reason for using a dual domain structure is to increase the display viewing angle. However, for a device having a relatively smaller viewing angle than a general display such as a HUD device, it is not necessary to use the dual domain structure to increase the viewing angle. Therefore, in one embodiment, the dual domain pixel structure may be changed to a single domain pixel structure to change the period of the moire to remove the moire from the perceptual frequency band.

  FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a 3D display device based on a pixel structure of a display panel and a frequency image corresponding to the pixel structure according to an embodiment. Referring to FIG. 2A, a 3D display device 250 in which an optical layer 230 is disposed on a display panel 210 so that light of each pixel 211 is output in a specific direction is shown. Referring to FIG. 2B, a frequency domain image when the optical layer 230 is attached to the display panel 210 is shown.

  The display panel 210 may be a single-domain display panel in which even and odd columns of pixels have the same pattern. Each pixel 211 includes a plurality of sub-pixels (eg, R (Red) sub-pixel 211-1, G (Green) sub-pixel 211-2, and B (Blue) sub-pixel 211-3). In a single domain display panel, all pixels 211 have the same shape, the same size, and the same gradient. When the 3D display device is manufactured using the single domain pixel structure, it is confirmed that moire does not occur in the perceptual frequency band, as shown in FIG. 2B.

  The optical layer 230 may be a barrier having a periodic characteristic or a lenticular lens. The optical layer 230 may be, for example, a semi-cylindrical lens and a lenticular lens having a vertically long shape. The optical layer 230 controls the direction of light incident from the display panel 210.

  Generally, a spacer (see 310 in FIG. 3A) is positioned in the middle of the pixel 211 in the display panel 210 to maintain the thickness of the panel. The spacer is provided in the middle of the pixel to support the load due to the pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the display panel. The shape of some of the pixels (or some of the sub-pixels in the pixel) is changed by the spacer, and the cycle of repeating the pixel pattern is increased according to the shape of the pixels that are different from each other. Can occur. Hereinafter, the moire generated by the spacer will be described with reference to FIGS. 3A, 3B, and 3C, and the method of removing the moire generated by the pixel structure shown in FIG. 3 will be described with reference to FIGS. 4A and 4B. , And FIG. 4C. As illustrated in FIG. 3A, the spacer is inside the display panel 210.

  FIG. 3A is a diagram illustrating a display panel including pixels having different patterns. Referring to FIG. 3A, a display panel 310 including spacers 311 and pixels 313 is shown. The shape of the pixel included in the display panel 310 is changed by the spacer 311. In the pixel 313, the shapes of the R, G, and B sub-pixels included in the pixel 313 by the spacer 311 may be different between odd and even columns. For example, the size of the R sub-pixel included in the odd-numbered columns of pixels may be smaller than the size of the G sub-pixel and the B sub-pixel. Further, the size of the B sub-pixel included in the pixels in the even-numbered columns may be smaller than the sizes of the B sub-pixel and the G sub-pixel. As described above with reference to FIG. 1, changing the shape and / or the size of a pixel (or sub-pixel) causes a low frequency to be generated in the frequency domain, and the generated low frequency is within the cognitive frequency band. May cause moiré.

  Referring to FIG. 3B, the 3D display device 330 includes a display panel 310 and an optical layer 320. The display panel 310 includes a plurality of pixels 313 and a plurality of spacers 311 that retain spaces for the plurality of pixels.

  Referring to FIG. 3C, when manufacturing the 3D display apparatus 330 shown in FIG. 3B with the display panel having the pixel structure shown in FIG. The occurrence of moire caused by the spacer changing the pixel shape is eliminated through the pixel structure shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B below.

  4A and 4B are views for explaining a display panel including pixels having the same pattern according to an exemplary embodiment. Referring to FIG. 4A, a display panel 410 including spacers 411 and pixels 413 is shown. The shape of the pixels included in the display panel 410 may be changed by the spacer 411.

  According to one embodiment, the pixels 413 are periodically arranged in the display panel 410 according to a predetermined pattern based on the spacers 411. Here, the predetermined pattern is represented by the shape, size, gradient, etc. of the R, G, and B sub-pixels included in the individual pixel. For example, each pixel 413 in the odd and even columns of the display panel 410 has the same shape, size, and slope depending on a predetermined pattern. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, the predetermined pattern is such that R, G, and B sub-pixels in individual pixels are arranged side by side and have the same gradient with each other, and the sizes of the R sub-pixel and the B sub-pixel are G sub-pixels. The pattern has a shape smaller than the pixel size.

  The pixels 413 may have the same shape. For example, one pattern formed by the R, G, and B sub-pixels, in other words, the shapes of the pixels 413 may be the same. In addition, the shape of the pixel 413 may be determined according to a pattern formed by combining a plurality of sub-pixels included in the individual pixel, and the patterns of the pixels 413 in the display panel 410 may be the same.

  As shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B, when the pattern repetition interval decreases, the frequency corresponding to the pattern repetition interval increases and is within a user's cognitive frequency band, for example, a cognitive frequency boundary (60 cycles / degree). Will not be included in. The pattern repetition interval is, for example, a first cycle in which the pattern is repeated in the horizontal direction, a second cycle in which the pattern is repeated in the vertical direction, or a third cycle in which the pattern is repeated in a direction that is a combination of the horizontal direction and the vertical direction. At least one is included.

  The pattern includes at least one pixel 413, and a structure of the sub-pixel included in the at least one pixel 313 is determined in the display panel 410 in consideration of an arrangement space of the spacer 411. In particular, the structure of the sub-pixels included in the pattern is determined in consideration of the arrangement space to be held regardless of whether the spacer 411 is actually arranged. For example, the structure of the sub-pixels included in the pattern may be such that, regardless of whether the spacer 411 is actually arranged, the upper row and / or the lower row of the R sub-pixel and the upper row of the B sub-pixel in which the spacer 411 may be arranged. And / or has a configuration in which a lower arrangement space is provided.

  In other words, at least a part of the sub-pixels included in the pixel has a size different from the size of the remaining pixels included in the pixel to secure the arrangement space. For example, the pattern may include R subpixels of a first size, G subpixels of a second size larger than the first size, and B subpixels of a first size. Or, according to an embodiment, the pixel is R subpixel of a first size, G subpixel of a second size smaller than the first size, and smaller than the first size and smaller than the second size. May also include a larger third sub-pixel of B size.

  The arrangement space of the spacer 411 is provided, for example, adjacent to the R sub pixel and the B sub pixel. In addition, the structure of sub-pixels included in the pattern is determined by various combinations of sub-pixel shapes, sizes, and gradients.

  According to an exemplary embodiment, the size of the sub-pixel may be adjusted even in a region where the spacer is not actually arranged, so that the period in which the pixel is repeated may be reduced. As described above, the frequency increases due to the decrease in the repetition period of the pixel, so that the moire is removed from the perceptual frequency band.

  As shown in FIG. 4A, unlike the case where the pixels forming the display panel 410 have the same shape, as shown in FIG. 3A, when the pixels forming the display panel 310 have different shapes, In addition to the pixel period, additional frequency components are created or present. A cycle in which a new pattern (for example, a pattern composed of n × m pixel units; n and m are positive integers and at least one of n and m is 2 or more) is repeated by pixels having different shapes. This is because they can be formed. For example, if a lenticular lens is overlaid on a pixel structure having a new pattern, a new interference frequency is generated by the lenticular lens in the frequency component. Since the overlapping of the lenticular lens may show a convolution effect in the frequency image, the frequency of the repeating pattern of the pixels becomes simpler, so that the interference frequency is generated less and the probability of the interference frequency falling into the cognitive frequency band is reduced.

  Referring to FIG. 4B, the 3D display device 430 includes a display panel 410 and an optical layer 420. The display panel 410 includes a plurality of pixels and a plurality of spacers 411 that hold a space for the pixels.

  Referring to FIG. 4C, a frequency image of a 3D display apparatus having the pixel structure shown in FIG. 4A is shown. In FIG. 4C, it is confirmed that there are no moire frequencies within the cognitive frequency band.

  FIG. 5 is a flowchart illustrating a 3D display device simulation method according to an embodiment. Referring to FIG. 5, a process of performing a simulation in a simulation apparatus according to an embodiment so as to reduce the generation of moire without directly mounting a lens is shown. The simulation device generates a panel image to provide a 3D image in which the optical characteristics are reflected (S510). The “3D image” is an image provided to both eyes of a viewer (or a user) and includes a left image and a right image. The 3D video may be, for example, an input video such as Augmented Reality content. The "panel image" is generated as an image displayed on the display panel of the 3D display device in consideration of the position of the viewer's eyes, light ray direction information, and the like in order to provide the viewer with the 3D image. Due to the operation of the simulation shown in FIG. 5, the simulation apparatus can generate a white image with all pixels attached as a panel image.

  The simulation device changes the optical characteristics of the lens of the 3D display device (for example, the pitch and / or the angle of the lens) (S520). The simulation apparatus reflects the optical characteristics of the lens changed in step S520 and regenerates an overlapping image (S530). The “overlapping image” may be an image that is imaged by the viewer's two eyes. For example, if the 3D image is provided by the 3D display device, the simulation device captures the duplicate image.

  The simulation apparatus converts the overlapping image into an image in the frequency domain (S540), and determines whether or not the moire frequency included in the image in the frequency domain is within the cognitive frequency band (S550). For example, if the moire frequency included in the frequency domain image is smaller than the perceptual frequency boundary in step S550, the simulation apparatus changes the optical characteristic of the lens of the display panel again (S520).

  If it is determined in step S550 that the image in the frequency domain has no moire within the perceived frequency band, the simulation apparatus determines the corresponding optical characteristic as the optical characteristic of the lens (S560).

  FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a structure and operation of a 3D HUD (head-up display) device according to an embodiment. Referring to FIG. 6, a structure of a 3D HUD device 600 according to one embodiment is shown. The 3D HUD device 600 includes a PGU (picture generation unit) 630 including a display panel 610 and a backlight unit (BLU) 620, and an optical layer 640.

  The display panel 610 includes a plurality of pixels and a plurality of spacers that retain space for the plurality of pixels. Pixels are periodically arranged in the display panel 610 according to a predetermined pattern based on the spacers, and the frequency corresponding to the repeating interval of the pattern is not included in the user's perception frequency band. The items described above are directly applied to the display panel 610 via the display panel 410 shown in FIG.

  The backlight unit (BLU) 620 plays a role of illuminating light evenly after the display panel 610.

  The PGU 630 generates a panel image 660 displayed on the display panel 610 in consideration of the positions of both eyes of the user to provide the head motion and the eye box 650 to the user through the optical layer 640. The PGU 630 is composed of at least one processor.

  7A, 7B, and 7C are diagrams for explaining the cause of the occurrence of moire to be solved in one embodiment. FIG. 7A shows the image displayed on the display panel in the spatial domain, and FIG. 7C shows the image shown in FIG. 7A converted from the spatial domain into the frequency domain. The overlap of two images in the spatial domain may be the convolution of two frequency-transformed images in the frequency domain.

  The image shown in FIG. 7A has ± f1 vectors in the frequency domain. Also, the image shown in FIG. 7B has ± f2 vectors in the frequency domain. Here, the ± f1 vector and the ± f2 vector indicate a periodic pattern of each image, and the periodic pattern indicates a moire in the image.

  In addition, the image shown in FIG. 7C is a convolution of two vectors (± f1, ± f2) in the frequency domain in advance. In addition to the ± f1 vector and the ± f2 vector, the f1 + f2 vector and the −f1-f2 vector are additionally added. And f1-f2 and f2-f1 vectors. The f1 + f2 vector and the -f1-f2 vector have higher frequencies than the original image, and the f1-f2 vector and the f2-f1 vector have lower frequencies than the original image. Here, if the f1-f2 vector and the f2-f1 vector are in the cognitive frequency band, a pattern having a lattice in the f1-f2 vector and the f2-f1 vector directions is shown. The frequency vector has a direction and a magnitude. The vector direction indicates the direction of the lattice pattern, and the lower the moire frequency is, the better it can be seen by human eyes. In addition, the frequency vector has an impulse indicating the brightness of the image.

  The embodiments described above are implemented by hardware components, software components, or a combination of hardware components and software components. For example, the device and the components described in the present embodiment are, for example, a processor, a controller, an ALU (arithmetic logical unit), a digital signal processor (digital signal processor), a microcomputer, an FPA (field programmable array), and a PLU (programmable programmable). It may be implemented using one or more general purpose or special purpose computers, such as a unit, a microprocessor, or a different device that executes and responds to instructions. The processing unit executes an operating system (OS) and one or more software applications running on the operating system. The processing device also accesses, stores, manipulates, processes, and generates data in response to executing the software. For ease of understanding, one processor may be described as one being used, but one of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that a processor may have multiple processing elements and / or. Understand that it includes multiple types of processing elements. For example, the processing unit includes multiple processors or a processor and a controller. Other processing configurations, such as parallel processors, are also possible.

  Although the embodiments have been described above with reference to the limited drawings, those having ordinary skill in the art can apply various technical modifications and variations based on the above description. it can. For example, the described techniques may be performed in a different order than the described methods, and / or the components of the described systems, structures, devices, circuits, etc. may be combined or combined in a different manner than the described methods. And may be replaced or replaced by other components or equivalents to achieve suitable results. Therefore, the scope of the present invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments but is defined by the scope of the claims and equivalents thereof.

210: Display pattern 211: Pixels 211-1, 211-2, 211-3: Subpixel 230: Optical layer 250: 3D display device

Claims (27)

In the display panel,
Multiple pixels,
A plurality of placement spaces provided between the plurality of pixels,
Including,
The plurality of pixels are uniformly provided in the display panel according to a pattern corresponding to the arrangement space,
The display panel, wherein the frequency corresponding to the repeating interval of the pattern is outside the cognitive frequency band visible to the user. The pattern includes at least one pixel,
The display panel of claim 1, wherein a structure of sub-pixels included in the at least one pixel is determined in consideration of each of a plurality of arrangement spaces in the display panel.   The display panel according to claim 1, wherein each of the plurality of pixels has the same shape.   The shape of the plurality of pixels is determined according to a pattern of a combination of a plurality of sub-pixels included in each of the plurality of pixels, and each of the plurality of pixels has the same pattern in the display panel, The display panel according to claim 3.   The display panel of claim 1, wherein a structure of a sub-pixel included in each of the plurality of pixels is determined based on each of the arrangement spaces including a spacer.   At least one of the sub-pixels included in each of the plurality of pixels has a size different from the size of the remaining pixels included in each of the plurality of pixels so as to correspond to each of the arrangement spaces. The display panel according to claim 5, which has.   The display panel according to claim 1, wherein a structure of a sub-pixel included in each of the plurality of pixels is determined by a combination of a shape, a size, and a gradient of the sub-pixel. .. The repetition interval of the pattern is
A first cycle in which the pattern is repeated in the horizontal direction,
A second cycle in which the pattern is repeated in the vertical direction,
A third cycle in which the pattern is repeated in a direction that is a combination of the horizontal direction and the vertical direction;
The display panel of claim 1, comprising at least one of:   The display panel of claim 1, wherein the plurality of pixels include liquid crystal. In 3D display device,
A display panel including a plurality of pixels and a plurality of arrangement spaces provided between the plurality of pixels;
An optical layer for controlling the direction of light incident from the display panel,
Including,
The plurality of pixels are uniformly provided to the display panel according to a pattern corresponding to the plurality of arrangement spaces,
The 3D display device, wherein the frequency corresponding to the repetition interval of the pattern is outside the cognitive frequency band visible to the user. The pattern includes at least one pixel,
The 3D display device of claim 10, wherein a structure of sub-pixels included in the at least one pixel is determined in consideration of each of a plurality of arrangement spaces in the display panel.   The 3D display device according to claim 10 or 11, wherein each of the plurality of pixels has the same shape.   The shape of the plurality of pixels is determined according to a pattern of a combination of a plurality of sub-pixels included in each of the plurality of pixels, and each of the plurality of pixels has the same pattern in the display panel, The 3D display device according to claim 12.   The 3D display device according to claim 10, wherein a structure of a sub-pixel included in each of the plurality of pixels is determined based on each of the arrangement spaces including a spacer.   At least one of the sub-pixels included in each of the plurality of pixels has a size different from the size of the remaining pixels included in each of the plurality of pixels so as to correspond to each of the arrangement spaces. The 3D display device according to claim 14, which has.   The 3D display according to any one of claims 10 to 15, wherein a structure of a subpixel included in each of the plurality of pixels is determined by a combination of a shape, a size, and a gradient of the subpixel. apparatus. The repetition interval of the pattern is
A first cycle in which the pattern is repeated in the horizontal direction,
A second cycle in which the pattern is repeated in the vertical direction,
A third cycle in which the pattern is repeated in a direction that is a combination of the horizontal direction and the vertical direction;
The 3D display device according to claim 10, comprising at least one of the following. In the 3D HUD device,
A display panel including a plurality of pixels and a plurality of arrangement spaces provided between the plurality of pixels;
An optical layer included in a vehicle window shield to control the direction of light incident from the display panel;
At least one processor that generates a panel image displayed on the display panel in consideration of the positions of both eyes of the user to provide a 3D image to the user through the optical layer;
Including,
The plurality of pixels are periodically arranged in the display panel based on a pattern corresponding to the arrangement space,
The 3D HUD device, wherein the frequency corresponding to the repetition interval of the pattern is outside the cognitive frequency band visible to the user. The pattern includes at least one pixel,
The 3D HUD device of claim 18, wherein a structure of sub-pixels included in the at least one pixel is determined based on each of the arrangement spaces in the display panel.   The 3D HUD device according to claim 18 or 19, wherein a structure of a sub-pixel included in each of the plurality of pixels is determined based on each of the arrangement spaces including a spacer.   At least a part of the sub-pixels included in the pattern has a size different from a size of the remaining pixels included in each of the plurality of pixels so as to correspond to each of the arrangement spaces. The 3D HUD device according to 20.   The 3D HUD according to any one of claims 18-21, wherein a structure of a sub-pixel included in each of the plurality of pixels is determined by a combination of a shape, a size, and a gradient of the sub-pixel. apparatus. The repetition interval of the pattern is
A first cycle in which the pattern is repeated in the horizontal direction,
A second cycle in which the pattern is repeated in the vertical direction,
A third cycle in which the pattern is repeated in a direction that is a combination of the horizontal direction and the vertical direction;
The 3D HUD device of claim 18, comprising at least one of: In the display panel,
Multiple pixels,
A plurality of sub-pixels included in each of the plurality of pixels,
A plurality of placement spaces provided between the plurality of pixels,
Including,
The plurality of pixels are uniformly provided to the display panel based on a pattern of the sub-pixels corresponding to the arrangement space,
The display panel, wherein the frequency corresponding to the repeating interval of the pattern is outside the cognitive frequency band visible to the user. The subpixel is
At least one R (Red) subpixel, a G (Green) subpixel, and a B (Blue) subpixel,
The display panel of claim 24, wherein the R subpixel, the G subpixel, and the B subpixel included in each of the plurality of pixels have the same shape, size, and gradient.   At least one of the R sub-pixel, the G sub-pixel, and the B sub-pixel included in each of the plurality of pixels is a remainder included in each of the plurality of pixels based on each of the arrangement spaces. 26. The display panel of claim 25, having a different size than the sub-pixels of.   The display panel according to any one of claims 24-26, wherein each of the plurality of arrangement spaces includes a spacer.