JP2020071035A - Long-term deterioration detection device, life-time prediction device and life-time prediction method - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a long-term deterioration detection device capable of detecting changes in a composition or an internal structure due to long-term deterioration of an object, or long-term deterioration of a movable object.SOLUTION: A long-term deterioration detection device includes: a first electrode and a second electrode that are separated from an object by a gap; a capacitance sensor unit that detects inter-electrode coupling capacitance between the first electrode and the second electrode including the object; and a control unit that detects changes in a composition, an internal structure, or a volume of the object over time based on the capacitance detected by the capacitance sensor unit. The first electrode and the second electrode are separated from the object by the gap before and after the changes overtime.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present disclosure relates to an aged deterioration detection device, a life prediction device, and a life prediction method.

  A battery pack (also referred to as a battery) including a secondary battery is mounted on the mobile terminal, and when the power is supplied from the battery pack, the mobile terminal can operate. Lithium-ion batteries are the most mainstream secondary batteries used in battery packs for mobile terminals. The lithium-ion battery has advantages in that it is excellent in miniaturization and weight reduction, can obtain high voltage, and has high energy density. On the other hand, with lithium-ion batteries, deterioration gradually progresses as the number of times of charging is accumulated due to long-term use, etc., and if deterioration deteriorates extremely, deformation occurs due to expansion, which eventually causes heat generation, smoke generation, rupture, etc. May occur (for example, JP2013-191364A (Patent Document 1) and JP2001-243991A (Patent Document 2)).

  Patent Document 1 proposes that when the battery pack expands, the conductive thin film provided on the lower surface of the battery pack contacts the terminals of the battery pack housing to energize to detect the expansion of the battery pack.

  Patent Document 2 proposes that when the secondary battery body expands, the expansion of the secondary battery body is detected by the resistance value of a pressure-sensitive resistance element provided on the outer surface of the secondary battery body becoming a predetermined value. ing.

JP, 2013-191364, A JP 2001-243991 A

Both Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 are for detecting by contacting with a battery pack or a secondary battery main body (object), and change in composition or internal structure due to aged deterioration of an object or aged deterioration of a movable object. It cannot be detected.
Other problems and novel features will be apparent from the description of the present disclosure and the accompanying drawings.

Of the present disclosure, the outline of a typical one will be briefly described as follows.
That is, the aged deterioration detecting device includes a first electrode and a second electrode that are provided separated from an object by a gap, and a capacitance sensor unit that detects an interelectrode coupling capacitance between the first electrode and the second electrode including the object. And a control unit for detecting a change over time in the composition, internal structure, or volume of the object based on the capacitance detected by the capacitance sensor unit. The first electrode and the second electrode are separated from the object by a gap before and after aging.

  According to the aging deterioration detecting device, it is possible to detect a change in composition or internal structure due to aging of an object, or an aging deterioration of a movable object.

FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating the configuration of the apparatus according to the embodiment. 2A and 2B are diagrams showing a configuration of a battery and a battery accommodating portion for accommodating the battery, FIG. 2A is a top view, and FIG. 2B is an X in FIG. 2A when the battery is not expanded. 2C is a cross-sectional view taken along line X-X, and FIG. 2C is a cross-sectional view taken along line X-X in FIG. 3 (A) is an enlarged view of FIG. 2 (B), and FIG. 3 (B) is an enlarged view of FIG. 2 (B). FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the interelectrode coupling capacitance measuring system. FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the capacitance sensor unit of FIG. FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an expansion amount curve. FIG. 7A is a diagram showing an expansion amount curve, and FIG. 7B is a diagram showing a battery deterioration curve. FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a life expectancy curve. 9A is a diagram showing an expansion amount curve, and FIG. 9B is a diagram showing a battery deterioration curve. FIG. 10A is a correction table based on usage history. FIG. 10B is a diagram showing a life expectancy curve. FIG. 11A is a correction table based on usage history and environmental conditions. FIG. 11B is a diagram showing a life expectancy curve. FIG. 12 is a table for obtaining the correction value of the chargeable capacity from the expansion amount of the battery and the charging / discharging temperature of the battery. FIG. 13A is a diagram showing an expansion amount curve, and FIG. 13B is a diagram showing a battery deterioration curve. FIG. 14A is a table of environmental conditions according to usage history. FIG. 14B is a diagram showing the relationship between the expansion amount of the battery and the chargeable capacity of the battery. FIG. 15A is a sectional view taken along the line D-D of FIG. 2A when the battery is not inflated and is not pressurized, and FIG. 15B is FIG. 2B when the battery is not inflated and is pressurized. FIG. 15C is a sectional view taken along the line D-D in FIG. 15A, and FIG. 15C is a sectional view taken along the line D-D in FIG. FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line D-D of FIG. FIG. 16 (A) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line DD of FIG. 2 (A) when the battery is non-expanding and non-leakage / water immersion, and FIG. 16 (B) is a battery non-expansion and liquid leakage / water immersion. FIG. 16A is a sectional view taken along the line DD of FIG. 2A, and FIG. 16C is a sectional view taken along the line DD of FIG. FIG. 2D is a cross-sectional view taken along the line D-D of FIG. 2A when the battery is inflated and the liquid is leaking / immersed. FIG. 17 (A) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line DD of FIG. 2 (A) when the battery is non-expanded and non-condensing, and FIG. 17 (B) is FIG. 2 (A) when the battery is non-expanded and condensed. 17C is a DD cross-sectional view of FIG. 2A when the battery is inflated and non-condensing, and FIG. 17D is an inflated battery and dew-condensed. FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along the line D-D of FIG. FIG. 18A is a first half flowchart of battery life prediction. FIG. 18B is a second half flowchart of battery life prediction. 19: is a figure which shows the installation example of the rectangular parallelepiped battery and the electrode arrange | positioned at a plane counter electrode, FIG. 19 (A) is a perspective view, FIG. 19 (B) is a sectional view at the time of non-expansion, FIG. 19 (C) is a sectional view at the time of expansion. 20A and 20B are diagrams showing an installation example of a rectangular parallelepiped battery and electrodes arranged on adjacent electrodes on a plane, FIG. 20A is a perspective view, and FIG. 20B is a cross-sectional view at the time of non-expansion. 20 (C) is a sectional view at the time of expansion. FIG. 21 is a diagram showing an installation example of a cylindrical battery and electrodes arranged on opposite electrodes of a curved surface, FIG. 21 (A) is a perspective view, and FIG. 21 (B) is a cross-sectional view at the time of non-expansion. 21 (C) is a sectional view at the time of expansion. FIG. 22 is a perspective view showing the structure of the roller portion. 23A and 23B are views showing a configuration of a roller and a housing that covers the roller, FIG. 23A is a top view, FIG. 23B is a front view, and FIG. 23C is FIG. 23A. FIG. FIG. 24 (A) is a sectional view taken along line EE of FIG. 23 (A) when the roller is not worn, and FIG. 24 (B) is a sectional view taken along line EE of FIG. 23 (A) when the roller is worn. .. FIG. 25 (A) is a front view of the rubber roller portion when the composition is altered, and FIG. 25 (B) is a front view of the rubber roller portion when the composition is altered. FIG. 26 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a measurement system for measuring inter-electrode coupling capacitance. 27A is a diagram showing a wear amount curve, FIG. 27B is a diagram showing a composition change amount curve, and FIG. 27C is a diagram showing a roller replacement determination curve. FIG. 28 (A) is a diagram showing a wear amount curve, and FIG. 28 (B) is a diagram showing a composition change amount curve. FIG. 29A is a correction table based on the usage history. FIG. 29B is a diagram showing a roller replacement determination curve. FIG. 30 (A) is a diagram showing a wear amount curve, and FIG. 30 (B) is a diagram showing a composition change amount curve. FIG. 31A is a correction table according to environmental conditions. FIG. 31B is a diagram showing a roller replacement determination curve. FIG. 32A is a first half flowchart of roller deterioration prediction. FIG. 32B is a second half flowchart of roller deterioration prediction. FIG. 33A is a perspective view showing the structure of the roller portion. 34A and 34B are diagrams showing a configuration of a roller and a housing that covers the roller, FIG. 34A is a top view, FIG. 34B is a front view, and FIG. 34C is FIG. 34A. FIG. 8 is a sectional view taken along line FF of FIG. 35A is a sectional view taken along the line FF of FIG. 34A when the roller is not worn, and FIG. 35B is a sectional view taken along the line FF of FIG. 34A when the roller is worn. .. FIG. 36 (A) is a perspective view showing the structure of the roller portion, and is a view with the housing omitted. FIG. 36 (B) is a sectional view when the roller is not worn, and FIG. 36 (C) is a sectional view when the roller is worn.

  Hereinafter, embodiments, examples, and modified examples will be described with reference to the drawings. However, in the following description, the same components may be assigned the same reference numerals and repeated description may be omitted. In addition, in order to make the description clearer, the drawings may schematically show the width, thickness, shape, etc. of each part as compared with the actual mode, but this is merely an example, and the interpretation of the present invention will be understood. It is not limited.

  The embodiment detects the deterioration of an object (eg, battery, rubber roller, etc.) and predicts the deterioration (lifetime) of the object whose deterioration over time is represented by the composition, internal structure, and volume of the deterioration over time. FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a device for detecting aged deterioration of an object according to an embodiment.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the device 1 of the embodiment has an inter-electrode coupling capacitance between a pair of electrodes (ELC) 3 and 4 provided separately from an object (OBJ) 2 and electrodes 3 and 4 including the object 2. And a control unit (CU) 6 for detecting a change over time of the object 2 based on the inter-electrode coupling capacitance detected by the capacitance sensor unit 5.

  The apparatus 1 arranges an object 2 in a space in which at least a pair of electrodes 3 and 4 are formed on opposite surfaces or one surface, and changes in composition, internal structure, and volume with time due to deterioration of the object 2 in the space. , As a change in electrostatic capacitance according to the relative permittivity of the substance 2 existing between the pair of electrodes 3 and 4 and another substance (for example, air or water). Deterioration is detected by measuring the capacitance. Further, the device 1 predicts the deterioration (lifetime) of the object based on the reference capacity change curve evaluated in advance. Further, the deterioration (lifetime) prediction is corrected based on the usage history information or the surrounding environment.

The embodiment has at least one of the following effects.
(1) It is possible to detect a change over time in the volume of an object in a non-contact and non-destructive manner.
(2) Since it is possible to detect a change in the composition of the object with time, it is possible to detect a compositional abnormality of the object such as liquid leakage of the battery, water immersion, and condensation.
(3) The arrangement, shape, and size of the electrodes can be designed according to the shape of the object.
(4) It is possible to detect at low cost only with the microcontroller and the electrode pattern that incorporate the capacitance sensor unit.
(5) For example, it is possible to prevent the battery from exploding by detecting the pressurization of the battery and outputting an alert to the user.
(6) It is possible to predict the deterioration and life of an object.
(7) It is possible to provide guidance for suppressing deterioration of an object.

In the first embodiment, an example in which a battery, which is an example of an object, is stored in a mobile terminal will be described.
2A and 2B are diagrams showing a configuration of a battery and a battery accommodating portion for accommodating the battery, FIG. 2A is a top view, and FIG. 2B is a D of FIG. 2A when the battery is not expanded. 2D is a sectional view taken along line D-D, and FIG. 2C is a sectional view taken along line D-D in FIG. 2A when the battery is inflated. FIG. 3 (A) is an enlarged view of FIG. 2 (B) with the battery accommodating portion omitted. FIG. 3 (B) is an enlarged view of FIG. 2 (B) with the battery accommodating portion omitted.

  As shown in FIG. 2, a battery 100, which is a lithium-ion battery, is housed in a battery housing 160 formed in the housing of the mobile terminal. The peripheral portion of the upper surface 100a of the battery 100 contacts the inner surface of the upper wall 160a of the battery housing portion 160, and the peripheral portion of the lower surface 100b contacts the inner surface of the bottom wall 160b of the battery housing portion 160. There is a gap 120 between the central portion of the upper surface 100a of the battery 100 and the upper wall 160a of the battery accommodating portion 160, and the gap increases toward the central portion. There is a gap 121 between the central portion of the lower surface 100b of the battery 100 and the bottom wall 160b of the battery accommodating portion 160, and the gap increases toward the central portion. Further, the mutual capacitance transmitting electrode 110 is provided on the outer surface of the upper wall 160a of the battery housing 160, and the mutual capacitance receiving electrode 111 is provided on the outer surface of the bottom wall 160b of the battery housing 160.

  The battery 100 has a rectangular parallelepiped (rectangular prism) shape having a height (vertical width) of H0, a width (horizontal width) of W0, and a thickness of T0. These H0, W0, and T0 are the heights of the battery accommodating portion 160 ( Smaller than vertical width), width (horizontal width) and thickness. Further, the battery 100 exemplifies the case where H0 is clearly larger than W0, but the present invention is not limited to this, and H0 and W0 may be substantially equal.

  As described above, since the battery 100 is a lithium-ion battery, if the deterioration is extremely advanced due to long-term use or the like, spherical deformation such that the vicinity of the central portion swells due to expansion as shown in FIG. 2C. There is a risk that this may occur, and eventually a defect may occur. In order to anticipate this deterioration, the battery accommodating portion 160 has a configuration for detecting the expansion of the battery 100 as described below.

  The battery 100 is installed at a constant distance between the mutual capacitance transmitting electrode 110 and the mutual capacitance receiving electrode 111. In other words, the mutual capacitance transmitting electrode 110 and the mutual capacitance receiving electrode 111 are arranged so as to face each other with the battery 100 interposed therebetween.

  The inter-electrode coupling capacitance of the mutual capacitance transmitting electrode 110 and the mutual capacitance receiving electrode 111 is measured. The inter-electrode coupling capacitance changes depending on the relative permittivity of the gap 120 formed of the air layer and the gap 121 formed of the battery 100 and the air layer existing between the mutual capacitance transmission electrode 110 and the mutual capacitance reception electrode 111. Here, as shown in FIG. 3 (A), the thickness of the gap 120 between the mutual capacitance transmitting electrode 110 and the battery 100 in the normal state is T1, the thickness of the battery 100 is T0, and the mutual capacitance from the battery 100 is The thickness of the gap 121 between the receiving electrodes 111 is T2.

  When the battery 100 is charged and discharged, the volume of the battery 100 expands as shown in FIG. Along with this, the thickness of the gap 120 decreases to T11, the thickness of the battery 100 increases to T01, and the thickness of the gap 121 decreases to T21 (T1> T11, T0 <T01, T2> T21). Therefore, the volume ratio of the gap 120, the battery 100, and the gap 121 in the normal state is different from the volume ratio of the gap 120, the battery 100, and the gap 121 after expansion, so that the change in the interelectrode coupling capacitance can be detected. Since the surface of the battery 100 is made of a conductor, the relative permittivity of the battery 100 does not change even if the battery 100 expands and its volume increases. Therefore, it is possible to detect a change in inter-electrode coupling capacitance due to a volume change. Here, when the volume of the battery 100 expands, the inter-electrode coupling capacity increases. As a result, it is possible to detect the expansion (aging deterioration) of the battery.

  Next, measurement of inter-electrode coupling capacitance will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing a configuration of an apparatus for detecting aged deterioration of a battery according to the first embodiment. FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the capacitance sensor unit of FIG.

  The device 10 of the first embodiment includes a mutual capacitance transmitting electrode 110 and a mutual capacitance receiving electrode 111 that are provided separately from the battery 100, and an interelectrode coupling between the mutual capacitance transmitting electrode 110 including the battery 100 and the mutual capacitance receiving electrode 111. And a micro controller 500 for sensing the capacity.

  The inter-electrode coupling capacitance is measured by a capacitance sensor unit 503 built in the microcontroller 500. The capacitance sensor unit (CSU) 503 is controlled by the CPU 501, which is a control unit that executes a software program stored in the memory (MEMORY) 502. The capacitance sensor unit 503 is a switched capacitor circuit (SC) 504, a capacitance-current converter 505 using the SC 504, and a pulse generator capable of outputting a pulse in synchronization with the SC 504. (Pulse Generator) 506. The capacity-current converter 505 digitizes the capacity converted into the amount of current by using a circuit whose oscillation frequency changes according to the amount of current and a counter which counts pulses output from the circuit. The pulse generator 506 transmits a drive pulse to the mutual capacitance transmission electrode 110.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an expansion amount curve.
There is a correlation between the number of times the battery is charged and discharged and the amount of expansion of the battery, and the amount of expansion increases as the number of times the battery is charged and discharged increases. An expansion amount curve showing the correlation between the number of times the battery is charged and discharged and the expansion amount of the battery is evaluated in advance, and the expansion amount curve that is the reference capacity change curve is stored in, for example, the memory 502 of the microcontroller 500. As shown in FIG. 6, for the expansion amount curve, for example, the number of times of charging / discharging at which the expansion amount reaches + 50% (N50) and the number of times of charging / discharging at which the expansion amount reaches + 90% (N90) can be obtained. Since the CPU 501 can detect the change in the battery expansion amount of the battery 100 step by step, it is possible to estimate the remaining charge / discharge frequency (lifetime) of the battery based on the expansion amount curve stored in the memory. Become.

  FIG. 7A is a diagram showing an expansion amount curve, and FIG. 7B is a diagram showing a battery deterioration curve. FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a life prediction curve.

  The expansion amount curve of FIG. 7A is obtained in the same manner as the expansion amount curve of FIG. As shown in FIG. 7B, there is a correlation between the number of times the battery is charged and discharged and the chargeable capacity (mAh) of the battery, and as the number of times the battery is charged and discharged increases, the chargeable capacity of the battery decreases. A battery deterioration curve showing a correlation between the number of times of charge and discharge of the battery and the chargeable capacity of the battery is evaluated in advance, and a battery deterioration curve which is a reference capacity change curve is stored in, for example, the memory 502 of the microcontroller 500. .. The correlation is evaluated in advance from the expansion amount curve of FIG. 7A and the battery deterioration curve of FIG. 7B, and the life prediction curve showing the relationship between the expansion amount and the chargeable capacity shown in FIG. It is stored in the memory 502 of the controller 500. As a result, the CPU 501 can obtain the chargeable capacity from the expansion amount (interelectrode coupling capacity), and the life can be predicted.

  The expansion curve, the battery deterioration curve, and the life prediction curve may be stored in the memory 502 in advance, or the expansion curve and the battery deterioration curve may be stored in the memory 502 in advance so that the CPU 501 calculates the life prediction curve. Alternatively, only the life prediction curve may be stored in the memory 502 in advance.

  The estimation of the life may be performed by the CPU of the mobile terminal or the CPU of another device capable of communicating with the mobile terminal, instead of the CPU 501. In that case, the expansion amount curve, the battery deterioration curve, the life prediction curve, etc. may be stored in the memory accessed by each CPU.

<Modification of the first embodiment>
Hereinafter, some typical modifications of the first embodiment will be illustrated. In the following description of the modified examples, the same reference numerals as those in the above-described first embodiment may be used for the portions having the same configurations and functions as those described in the above-mentioned first embodiment. And The description of the above-described first embodiment may be appropriately applied to the description of such a part within a technically consistent range. Further, a part of the above-described first embodiment and all or part of the plurality of modified examples can be appropriately combined and applied within a technically consistent range.

(First modification)
Actually, the expansion amount and chargeable capacity of the battery are factors other than the number of times of charging / discharging, such as discharge current and charging current which are usage history, long time left in MAX charge state, and long time left in MIN charge state. However, since the deterioration rate is affected, the lifetime prediction is corrected from the usage history information to improve the prediction accuracy in the first modification.

  9A is a diagram showing an expansion amount curve, and FIG. 9B is a diagram showing a battery deterioration curve. FIG. 10A is a correction table based on usage history. FIG. 10B is a diagram showing a life prediction curve.

  As shown in FIG. 10A, when the charging current or the discharging current is large, or when the MAX charging state is left for a long time or the MIN charging state is left for a long time, the curve approaches the worst condition. Go When the charging current or the discharging current is small, or when the MAX charging state has a long standing time or the MIN charging state has a long standing time, the curve approaches the best condition. When the charging current or the discharging current is medium, or when the MAX charging state is left for a long time or the MIN charging state is left for a long time, the curve of the standard condition is approached.

  Correction of life prediction based on usage history will be described.

  Similar to the first embodiment, the correlation is evaluated in advance from the expansion amount curve of FIG. 9 (A) and the battery deterioration curve of FIG. 9 (B), and the expansion amount and the chargeable capacity shown in FIG. The life prediction curve indicating the relationship is stored in the memory 502 of the microcontroller 500, for example.

  As shown in FIG. 9, when the number of charging / discharging times reaches N times, the battery chargeable capacity (mAh) is 40% under the use under standard conditions as shown in the battery deterioration curve DS. For example, under the worst condition where the charge / discharge current is large, the battery chargeable capacity is 0% as shown by the battery deterioration curve DW. Therefore, an error occurs in the prediction only from the life prediction curve CS based on the characteristic data (expansion curve ES, battery deterioration curve DS) of the standard condition. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 10B, the life prediction curve based on the characteristic data (expansion curves EW, EB, battery deterioration curves DW, DB) of the worst condition and the best condition according to the usage history of the charge / discharge current and the like. CW and CB are stored in the memory 502 of the microcontroller 500, for example. The CPU 501 can improve the accuracy of life prediction by performing life prediction using the life prediction curves CW and CB, that is, by correcting the life prediction curve in the usage history.

(Second modified example)
Further, since changes in conditions due to the environment other than the number of times of charge / discharge and the usage history may affect the deterioration of the battery, the environmental conditions may be detected and the deterioration prediction may be corrected based on the result. Environmental conditions refer to the surrounding environment in which the battery exists, and change depending on temperature, humidity, condensation, water immersion, dust, air composition, and the like.

  FIG. 11A is a correction table based on usage history and environmental conditions. FIG. 11B is a diagram showing a relationship curve between the expansion amount of the battery and the chargeable capacity of the battery. FIG. 12 is a table for obtaining the chargeable capacity from the expansion amount of the battery and the charging / discharging temperature of the battery.

  As shown in FIG. 11A, when the charging current or the discharging current is large, or when the MAX charging state has a long standing time or the MIN charging state has a long standing time, or the charging temperature or the discharging temperature is high. If it is higher, it approaches the worst condition curve. If the charging current or discharging current is small, or if the MAX charging state is left for a long time or the MIN charging state is left for a long time, or if the charging temperature or discharging temperature is low, approach the best condition curve. Go If the charging current or discharging current is medium, or if the MAX charging state is left for a long time or the MIN charging state is left for a long time, or if the charging temperature or discharging temperature is medium, the standard condition curve Approaching.

  Correction of life prediction based on usage history and environmental conditions will be described.

  Similar to the first modified example, the correlation is evaluated in advance from the expansion amount curve and the battery deterioration curve, and the life prediction curve showing the relationship between the expansion amount and the chargeable capacity shown in FIG. It is stored in the memory 502 of 500.

  Similar to the first modification, as shown in FIG. 11B, the life prediction curves CW and CB corrected under the worst conditions and the best conditions of the charge / discharge temperature of the environmental conditions are stored in, for example, the memory 502 of the microcontroller 500. Store it. The CPU 501 performs life prediction based on the life prediction curves CW and CB. Specifically, for example, as shown in FIG. 12, the relationship between the expansion degree, the charge / discharge temperature, and the chargeable capacity is evaluated in advance, and the expansion curve, the battery deterioration curve, and the life curve are corrected. It is possible to improve the accuracy of life prediction by correcting the life prediction based on usage history and environmental conditions.

  In the table of the chargeable capacity of FIG. 12, the chargeable capacity when the expansion / contraction degree is + 0% is + 100% and the chargeable capacity when the expansion amount is + 100% at the charge / discharge temperature of −20 to −11 ° C. It is 0%. The chargeable capacity when the expansion amount is + 0% is + 100% regardless of the charge / discharge temperature. As shown in FIG. 12, the chargeable capacity (%) decreases as the charge temperature or the discharge temperature increases, and when the expansion amount is large, the chargeable capacity (%) becomes 0% or less.

(Third modification)
An example of the battery life extension guide will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 13A is a diagram showing an expansion amount curve, and FIG. 13B is a diagram showing a battery deterioration curve. FIG. 14A is a table of environmental conditions according to usage history. FIG. 14B is a diagram showing a life prediction curve.

  As shown in FIG. 14A, when the charging current or the discharging current is large, or when the MAX charging state has a long standing time or the MIN charging state has a long standing time, or the charging temperature or the discharging temperature is high. If it is higher, it approaches the worst condition curve. If the charging current or discharging current is small, or if the MAX charging state is left for a long time or the MIN charging state is left for a long time, or if the charging temperature or discharging temperature is low, approach the best condition curve. Go

  Prediction of life according to usage history and environmental conditions and life extension guide based on it will be explained.

  The expansion amount curve of FIG. 13A, the battery deterioration curve of FIG. 13B, and the life prediction curve of FIG. 13B are stored in advance in, for example, the memory 502 of the microcontroller 500.

  For example, as shown in FIGS. 13A and 13B, when charging / discharging is repeated M times under the worst condition and the battery expansion amount reaches + 50% (arrow C), the battery chargeable capacity is 28%. .. If the battery is continuously used under the same condition as it is, the expected number of times of charge / discharge at which the chargeable capacity of the battery reaches 0% is N times. After M times, when the usage condition is improved (best condition) and used (arrow G), the estimated number of charge / discharge times at which the rechargeable capacity of the battery reaches 0% is N + α times (α> 0).

  Therefore, the CPU 501 provides the user with the predicted number of charge / discharges (N times) when the battery is continuously used under the same conditions and the chargeable capacity of the battery reaches 0%, and the usage condition is improved after M times to improve the battery. The estimated number of times of charging / discharging (N + α times) when the rechargeable capacity reaches 0% is presented. As shown in FIG. 14B, the CPU 501 uses a specific usage example for improving the usage conditions for prolonging the life (for example, reducing the charging / discharging current and reducing the long-time storage time in the MIN / MAX charging state). Guide to usage conditions and environmental conditions such as reducing the charge / discharge temperature. This makes it possible to extend the life of the battery.

(Fourth modification)
The electrode for predicting the deterioration of the battery can detect the pressurization to the battery housing portion. The detection of pressure applied to the battery storage unit will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 15A is a sectional view taken along the line D-D of FIG. 2A when the battery is not inflated and is not pressurized, and FIG. 15B is FIG. 2B when the battery is not inflated and is pressurized. It is the DD sectional view of A), and the figure which abbreviate | omitted the battery accommodating part. FIG. 15C is a sectional view taken along the line D-D of FIG. 2A when the battery is inflated and not pressurized, and FIG. 15D is FIG. 2A when the battery is inflated and pressurized. 6 is a sectional view taken along line D-D of FIG.

  As shown in FIGS. 15B and 15D, when pressure is applied to the battery accommodating portion 160 accommodating the battery 100 and the distance between the mutual capacitance transmitting electrode 110 and the mutual capacitance receiving electrode 111 is shortened, the non-expansion time and The inter-electrode coupling capacitance between the mutual capacitance transmitting electrode 110 and the mutual capacitance receiving electrode 111 sharply increases regardless of the expansion. In this case, the increasing speed is different from the increasing speed of the inter-electrode coupling capacity caused by the expansion accompanying the charging and discharging of the battery, so that the pressurization of the battery can be detected.

  By detecting this event, the user can press the battery-equipped product by accidentally stepping on the product, sitting on the product, or biting the product by an infant when pressing the battery. It is possible to prevent the explosion of the battery and the leakage of the liquid, which may be caused by the pressurization, by making an announcement to eliminate the cause.

(Fifth Modification)
The electrode for predicting the deterioration of the battery makes it possible to detect the liquid leakage of the battery and the infiltration of water into the battery housing portion. Detection of battery fluid leakage / water infiltration will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 16 (A) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line DD of FIG. 2 (A) when the battery is non-expanding and non-leakage / water immersion, and FIG. 16 (B) is a battery non-expansion and liquid leakage / water immersion. FIG. 3B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line D-D of FIG. 2A, in which the battery storage portion is omitted. FIG. 16 (C) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line DD of FIG. 2 (A) when the battery is inflated and when non-leakage / water immersion, and FIG. 16 (D) is a diagram when the battery is inflated and liquid leakage / water immersion. FIG. 2A is a cross-sectional view taken along the line D-D of FIG.

  As shown in FIGS. 16 (B) and 16 (D), when liquid leakage or flooding of the battery occurs, the gap 120 formed by the air layer, the battery 100, and the gap formed by the air layer will be used regardless of whether the battery is inflated or not. The coupling capacity between the electrodes, which is configured by 121, is configured by a gap 120 including an air layer, a liquid 150, a battery 100, a liquid 150, and a gap 121 including an air layer, to which electrolyzed water or liquid water that leaks is added. The inter-electrode coupling capacitance is generated, and the capacitance changes. In principle, most liquids have a high relative dielectric constant, and due to the nature of the liquid, it is expected that the liquid will adhere to a wide range in the battery housing, and the interelectrode coupling capacity will inevitably increase greatly. By detecting this event and guiding the user to replace the battery or remove water, the product malfunctions, deterioration due to corrosion of battery contacts, other internal damage or deterioration, and short circuit of power supply or signal due to water immersion. It is possible to prevent damage to the inside of the product due to.

(Sixth modification)
The electrode for predicting the deterioration of the battery can detect the dew condensation of the battery and the battery housing portion. Detection of battery condensation will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 17 (A) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line DD of FIG. 2 (A) when the battery is non-expanded and non-condensing, and FIG. 17 (B) is FIG. 2 (A) when the battery is non-expanded and condensed. 6 is a sectional view taken along line D-D of FIG. FIG. 17C is a cross-sectional view taken along the line DD of FIG. 2A when the battery is inflated and there is no dew condensation, and FIG. 17D is D in FIG. 2A when the battery is inflated and dew condensation occurs. It is a -D sectional view, and is a figure in which a battery storage part was omitted.

  As shown in FIGS. 17B and 17D, when dew condensation occurs on the battery, the inter-electrode coupling that has been made up of the air layer 120, the battery 100, and the air layer 121 up to then, regardless of whether the battery is inflated or not. The capacity is added by a water droplet or a water film of dew condensation and becomes an inter-electrode coupling capacity composed of the air layer 120, the dew condensation 151, the battery 100, the dew condensation 151, and the air layer 121, and the capacity change occurs. In principle, the relative permittivity of water is all high, and due to the nature of liquids, it is expected that dew condensation will adhere to a wide range in the battery housing, and the interelectrode coupling capacity will inevitably increase greatly. By detecting this event and guiding the user to remove dew condensation, it is possible to prevent product failure, internal damage to the product due to a short circuit of the power supply or signal, and the like.

(Seventh modification)
Battery life prediction will be described with reference to FIGS. 18A and 18B. FIG. 18A is a first half flowchart of battery life prediction, and FIG. 18B is a second half flowchart of battery life prediction.

  As shown in FIG. 18A, the CPU 501 measures the inter-electrode coupling capacitance between the mutual capacitance transmission electrode 110 and the mutual capacitance reception electrode 111 by the electrostatic capacitance sensor unit 503 at every predetermined time as described in the first embodiment. Then, it is stored in the memory 502 (step S11). The CPU 501 obtains an increasing speed, which is a capacitance change, based on the time history of the interelectrode coupling capacitance stored in the memory 502 (step S12). The CPU 501 determines whether or not pressurization is based on the increasing speed as described in the fourth modification (step S13). When the pressure is detected, the CPU 501 issues a pressure alert and makes an announcement to the user such as removing the cause of the pressure (step S14).

  When the pressurization is not detected, the CPU 501 detects the change in the interelectrode coupling capacitance based on the change in the non-dielectric constant and determines whether water immersion / liquid leakage / condensation has occurred, as described in the fifth and sixth modifications. Yes (step S15). When the CPU 501 detects inundation, the CPU 501 issues an inundation alert and makes an announcement to the user such as removing the cause of inundation (step S16). When the CPU 501 detects a liquid leak, the CPU 501 issues a liquid leak alert and announces to the user such as battery replacement (step S17). When the dew condensation is detected, the CPU 501 issues a flood alert and gives an announcement to the user such as removal of the dew condensation (step S18).

  When the CPU 501 does not detect water infiltration / liquid leakage / condensation, it determines whether to perform the charge / discharge current correction as described in the second modification (step S19). In the case of YES, the CPU 501 performs charge / discharge current correction processing (step S20). If NO, the process moves to step S21 of FIG. 18B.

  As shown in FIG. 18B, the CPU 501 determines whether to perform the MIN / MAX capacity long-time leaving correction as described in the first modification (step S21). In the case of YES, the CPU 501 performs the MIN / MAX capacity long time leaving correction processing (step S22). If NO, the process proceeds to step S23.

  The CPU 501 determines whether to perform the charge / discharge temperature correction as described in the first modification (step S23). If YES, the CPU 501 performs a charge / discharge temperature correction process (step S24). If NO, the process proceeds to step S25.

  The CPU 501 updates the life prediction such as the chargeable capacity (step S25). The CPU 501 determines whether the life has passed based on the life prediction (step S26). If YES, the CPU 501 performs life guidance processing (step S27). If NO, the process moves to step S28.

  The CPU 501 determines whether to perform life extension guide as described in the third modification (step S28). In the case of YES, the CPU 501 performs life extension guide processing (step S29). If NO, the process ends.

(Eighth modification)
Although the electrodes are curved in the first embodiment, they may be flat.

  19: is a figure which shows the installation example of the rectangular parallelepiped battery and the electrode arrange | positioned at a plane counter electrode, FIG. 19 (A) is a perspective view, FIG. 19 (B) is a sectional view at the time of non-expansion, FIG. 19 (C) is a cross-sectional view at the time of expansion, in which the battery accommodating portion is omitted.

  The battery 100 is similar to that of the first embodiment, but the mutual capacitance transmitting electrode 110A and the mutual capacitance receiving electrode 111A have a planar shape. Therefore, in the non-expansion state of FIG. 19B, the facing surface of the mutual capacitance transmitting electrode 110A and the battery 100 and the facing surface of the mutual capacitance receiving electrode 111A and the battery 100 are parallel. Similar to the first embodiment, it is possible to detect aged deterioration such as battery expansion by the interelectrode coupling capacitance, and it is also possible to predict the service life.

(Ninth modification)
In the first embodiment, the electrodes face each other across the battery, but the electrodes may be arranged adjacent to each other.

  20A and 20B are diagrams showing an installation example of a rectangular parallelepiped battery and electrodes arranged on adjacent electrodes on a plane, FIG. 20A is a perspective view, and FIG. 20B is a cross-sectional view at the time of non-expansion. 20 (C) is a cross-sectional view at the time of expansion and is a view in which the battery housing portion is omitted.

  The battery 100 is the same as in the first embodiment, and the mutual capacitance transmitting electrode 110B and the mutual capacitance receiving electrode 111B have the same planar shape as in the eighth modification, but the mutual capacitance transmitting electrode 110B and the mutual capacitance receiving electrode 111B are adjacent to each other. It is arranged. Similar to the first embodiment, it is possible to detect aged deterioration such as battery expansion by the interelectrode coupling capacitance, and it is also possible to predict the service life.

(Tenth modification)
Although the battery is a rectangular parallelepiped type in the first embodiment, it may be a columnar type.

  FIG. 21 is a diagram showing an installation example of a cylindrical battery and electrodes arranged on opposite electrodes of a curved surface, FIG. 21 (A) is a perspective view, and FIG. 21 (B) is a cross-sectional view at the time of non-expansion. 21 (C) is a cross-sectional view at the time of expansion, in which the battery accommodating portion is omitted.

  The battery 101 is of a cylindrical type, and the mutual capacitance transmitting electrode 110C and the mutual capacitance receiving electrode 111C are curved counter electrode arrangements as in the first modification. Similar to the first embodiment, it is possible to detect aged deterioration such as battery expansion by the interelectrode coupling capacitance, and it is also possible to predict the service life.

  In the second embodiment, an example of a paper feed rubber roller of a printer or a multifunction peripheral, which is another example of an object, will be described. The amount of wear and composition change level of rubber wheels such as rubber rollers for paper feeding are detected by the arrangement of counter electrodes.

  First, the configuration of the roller and the roller portion around the roller will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 22 is a perspective view showing the structure of the roller portion, with the housing omitted. 23A and 23B are views showing a configuration of a roller and a housing that covers the roller, FIG. 23A is a top view, FIG. 23B is a front view, and FIG. 23C is FIG. 23A. FIG.

  A pair of rubber rollers 300 are attached to a roller shaft 310, and the rollers 300 feed the paper 400, so that the rollers 300 are covered with a housing 320 at a predetermined interval except the lower side. The mutual capacitance transmitting electrode 112 and the mutual capacitance receiving electrode 113 are attached to the side surfaces of the housing 320, and the mutual capacitance transmitting electrode 114 and the mutual capacitance receiving electrode 115 are attached to the front and rear surfaces of the housing 320. The mutual capacitance transmitting electrode 114 and the mutual capacitance receiving electrode 115 are curved electrodes, which are arranged so as to face each other, and are wear amount measuring electrodes used for detecting a change over time in the wear amount of the roller 300. The mutual capacitance transmitting electrode 112 and the mutual capacitance receiving electrode 113 are planar electrodes, are arranged so as to face each other, and are used to detect a change with time of the amount of change in the composition substance such as the amount of water or the amount of oil of the roller 300. It is an electrode for measuring the amount of change in the composition substance.

  Next, an example of a method of measuring the wear amount of the roller 300 will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 24 (A) is a sectional view taken along line EE of FIG. 23 (A) when the roller is not worn, and FIG. 24 (B) is a sectional view taken along line EE of FIG. 23 (A) when the roller is worn. It is the figure which omitted the housing.

  The mutual-capacitance transmitting electrode 114 and the mutual-capacitance receiving electrode 115, which are arranged opposite to each other on the curved surface of the roller 300, are spaced apart from each other by a constant distance. And the inter-electrode coupling capacitance between the roller 300 and the gap 123 formed by the air layer between the mutual capacitance receiving electrode 115.

  The surface of the roller 300 between the mutual-capacitance transmitting electrode 114 and the mutual-capacitance receiving electrode 115 is worn due to paper discharge or the like, so that the roller when the roller shaft thickness (T03) is not worn as shown in FIG. It is thinner than the axial thickness (T02), and the thickness of the gap 122 (T13) and the thickness of the gap 123 (T23) are smaller than the thickness of the gap 122 (T12) and the thickness of the gap 123 (T22) when not worn. Also becomes thicker. As a result, when the volume ratio of the object and the air layer between the mutual capacitance transmitting electrode 114 and the mutual capacitance receiving electrode 115 is changed, the relative permittivity of the object between the electrodes is changed and the interelectrode coupling capacitance is also changed. The change in wear of 300 can be detected and measured without contact and over time.

  Next, an example of a method of measuring the composition change level of the roller 300 will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 25 (A) is a front view of the roller when the composition is denatured, and FIG. 25 (B) is a front view of the roller when the composition is denatured, with the housing omitted.

  The mutual-capacitance transmitting electrode 112 and the mutual-capacitance receiving electrode 113, which are arranged opposite to the roller 300 with a certain distance therebetween, include a gap 124 formed of an air layer between the mutual-capacitance transmitting electrode 112 and the roller 300, the roller 300, The inter-electrode coupling capacitance between the roller 300 and the gap 125 formed of an air layer between the mutual capacitance receiving electrodes 113 is measured.

  The amount of constituent substances such as the amount of water and the amount of oil in the roller 300 changes due to deterioration over time. On the other hand, the width (W1) of the roller 300 when the composition is altered is almost the same as the width (W0) of the roller 300 when the composition is not altered, and the width between the roller 300 and the mutual capacitance transmitting electrode 112 and the mutual capacitance receiving electrode 113 is reduced. The distance is almost the same. The relative permittivity of the roller 300 changes due to the compositional change of the roller 300. As a result, the inter-electrode coupling capacitance between the mutual capacitance transmitting electrode 114 and the mutual capacitance receiving electrode 115 changes, and changes in the composition such as the amount of water and the amount of oil in the roller can be detected and measured over time without contact. You can

  Next, the measurement of the inter-electrode coupling capacitance will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 26 is a block diagram showing the arrangement of an apparatus for detecting aged deterioration of an object according to the second embodiment.

  The device 20 of the second embodiment includes a mutual capacitance transmission electrode 112 and a mutual capacitance reception electrode 113 which are provided separately from the roller 300, a mutual capacitance transmission electrode 114 and a mutual capacitance reception electrode 115, and a mutual capacitance transmission electrode including the roller 300. The micro controller 500 detects the inter-electrode coupling capacitance between the mutual capacitance receiving electrode 113 and the mutual capacitance receiving electrode 113, and the inter-electrode coupling capacitance between the mutual capacitance transmitting electrode 114 and the mutual capacitance receiving electrode 115.

  The inter-electrode coupling capacitance between the mutual-capacitance transmitting electrode 114 and the mutual-capacitance receiving electrode 115 and the inter-electrode coupling capacitance between the mutual-capacitance transmitting electrode 112 and the mutual-capacitance receiving electrode 113 are the same as those in the first embodiment. It is measured by the built-in capacitance sensor unit 503.

  The mutual capacitance transmitting electrode 114 and the mutual capacitance receiving electrode 115 detect the amount of wear of the roller 300, and the mutual capacitance transmitting electrode 112 and the mutual capacitance receiving electrode 113 detect the change of the composition substance such as the water content and the oil content of the roller 300 with the passage of time. By detecting the change, it is possible to detect deterioration such as wear and deterioration of the roller 300. Since sensing is possible without contact, it can be easily applied to movable parts such as rollers.

  Next, life (deterioration) prediction of the roller 300 will be described with reference to FIG. 27A is a diagram showing a wear amount curve, FIG. 27B is a diagram showing a composition change amount curve, and FIG. 27C is a diagram showing a roller replacement determination curve.

  As shown in FIG. 27A, there is a correlation between the cumulative number of rotations of the roller 300 and the amount of wear of the roller 300, and the amount of wear increases as the cumulative number of rotations increases. A wear amount curve showing the relationship between the cumulative number of revolutions of the roller 300 and the wear amount of the roller 300 is evaluated in advance, and a wear amount curve which is a reference capacity change curve is stored in, for example, the memory 502 of the microcontroller 500. The cumulative number of rotations (CR) that reaches the wear amount threshold value (Ta) is the life, and it is the time to replace the roller 300. This allows the CPU 501 to estimate the replacement time of the roller 300.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 27B, there is a correlation between the elapsed use time (elapsed time) of the roller 300 and the alteration (deterioration) level of the rubber of the roller 300 defined by the water content or the oil content, and the elapsed time The higher the amount, the lower the water content or oil content. 0% when new, 100% when maximum deterioration. The composition change amount curve showing the relationship between the elapsed use period of the roller 300 and the rubber alteration (deterioration) level of the roller 300 is evaluated in advance, and the composition change amount curve which is the reference capacity change curve is stored, for example, in the memory of the microcontroller 500. It is stored in 502. The elapsed time (ET) to reach the composition alteration threshold value (Tc) is the life, and is the time to replace the roller 300. This allows the CPU 501 to estimate the replacement time of the roller 300.

  Regardless of the amount of wear of the roller 300 and the cumulative number of rotations, the amount of water and the amount of oil in the roller 300 decrease with the passage of time, and the quality of the roller 300 is constant regardless of the amount of wear of the roller 300. If the level falls below the level, it may be necessary to replace the roller 300.

  The correlation is evaluated in advance from the wear amount curve of FIG. 27 (A) and the composition change amount curve of FIG. 27 (B), and it is correlated with the elapsed time and the wear amount correlated with the alteration level shown in FIG. 27 (C). The relationship of the cumulative number of rotations is stored as a roller replacement determination curve in the memory 502 of the microcontroller 500, for example. The CPU 501 estimates the replacement time of the roller 300 from the elapsed time and the cumulative number of rotations.

  By determining the deterioration level based on a plurality of factors such as physical wear and composition deterioration of the roller 300, it becomes possible to perform more accurate life prediction.

  The wear amount curve, the composition change amount curve, and the roller replacement determination curve may be stored in advance in the memory 502. Alternatively, the wear amount curve and the wear amount curve may be stored in advance in the memory 502, and the CPU 501 causes the roller replacement determination curve to be stored. May be calculated, or only the roller replacement determination curve may be stored in the memory 502 in advance.

<Modification of Second Embodiment>
Hereinafter, some typical modified examples of the second embodiment will be illustrated. In the following description of the modified examples, the same reference numerals as those in the above-mentioned second embodiment can be used for the portions having the same configurations and functions as those described in the above-mentioned second embodiment. And The description of the above-described second embodiment can be appropriately applied to the description of such a part within a technically consistent range. In addition, a part of the second embodiment described above and all or part of the plurality of modified examples can be appropriately combined and applied within a technically consistent range.

(Eleventh modification)
Even with the same cumulative rotation speed, the amount of wear changes depending on the material of the roller 300. That is, in the actual use environment, the wear amount and the deterioration level of the roller 300 are, for example, the material of the roller 300, the material of the discharged paper, the environment in which the roller 300 is placed (temperature and humidity), the cumulative number of rotations of the roller 300, and the roller. The time to replace the roller 300 also depends on the elapsed time of use of the roller 300. Therefore, in the eleventh modified example, the life prediction is corrected from the information such as the material of the roller to improve the prediction accuracy.

  FIG. 28 (A) is a diagram showing a wear amount curve, and FIG. 28 (B) is a diagram showing a composition change amount curve. FIG. 29A is a correction table according to the material of the roller and the like. FIG. 29B is a diagram showing a roller replacement determination curve.

  As shown in FIG. 29 (A), when the elapsed use period is long, the rubber material is soft, or the amount of rubber bubbles is large, the curve approaches the worst condition curve. When the elapsed usage period is short, the rubber material is hard, or the amount of rubber bubbles is small, the curve approaches the best condition. If the elapsed usage period is medium, the rubber material is medium, or the amount of rubber bubbles is medium, the curve approaches the standard condition. When the rubber material is soft and the amount of rubber bubbles is large, the roller 300 is easily worn.

The correction of the life prediction based on the material of the roller will be described.
Similar to the second embodiment, the correlation is evaluated in advance from the wear amount curve of FIG. 28 (A) and the composition change amount curve of FIG. 28 (B) and stored in the memory 502 of the microcontroller 500, for example.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 28A, when the cumulative number of rotations of the roller 300 reaches K times, the wear amount curve AS under the standard condition has a wear amount of X% smaller than the wear amount threshold value (Ta). On the other hand, in the worst case wear amount curve AW in which the material or the like is easily worn, the wear amount of the roller 300 reaches the wear amount threshold value (Tw). Therefore, an error occurs in the prediction only from the characteristic data (wear amount curve AS) of the standard condition.

  Therefore, as shown in FIG. 29B, the CPU 501 causes the roller replacement determination curve RW based on the characteristic data (wear amount curves AW and AB) of the worst condition and the best condition depending on the material of the roller 300 and the like and the composition change amount curve. , RB are stored in the memory 502 of the microcontroller 500, for example. The CPU 501 predicts deterioration based on the roller replacement determination curves RW and RB. That is, the accuracy of deterioration prediction can be improved by correcting the deterioration prediction based on the material of the roller 300 and the like. Note that the roller replacement determination curve RB ′ of FIG. 29 (B) shows that when the roller replacement determination curve RB under the worst condition is activated and the operation is not performed in the middle, the roller replacement determination curve RB ′ does not change in wear amount of the roller 300, and therefore changes in composition over time, It shows that the water content or the oil content decreases and the alteration level decreases.

  In the eleventh modified example, the composition change mass due to the decrease in the wear amount of rubber, the decrease in the amount of water and the decrease in the amount of oil is corrected from the material of the parts together with the wear amount and the change amount of composition of the roller 300, and the physical wear Therefore, it becomes possible to judge the deterioration level based on a plurality of factors of compositional change and to predict the life with higher accuracy.

(Twelfth modification)
Further, since changes in conditions due to the environment other than the cumulative number of revolutions of the roller 300, the alteration level, the material of the roller 300, and the like may affect the replacement time of the roller 300, the twelfth modified example detects the environmental condition. Then, the deterioration prediction is corrected based on the result. The environmental condition refers to the surrounding environment in which the roller 300 exists, and changes depending on temperature, humidity, paper waste, and the like. As factors that affect the rate of decrease in water content and oil content, for example, changes in environmental conditions such as high temperature and dryness may affect the composition alteration level.Therefore, environmental conditions are detected and the deterioration prediction is corrected based on the results. You may.

Correction of life prediction based on environmental conditions will be described.
FIG. 30 (A) is a diagram showing a wear amount curve, and FIG. 30 (B) is a diagram showing a composition change amount curve. FIG. 31A is a correction table according to environmental conditions. FIG. 31B is a diagram showing a roller replacement determination curve.

  As shown in FIG. 31A, when the elapsed use period is long, the rubber material is soft, the amount of rubber bubbles is large, the humidity is low (dry), or the temperature is high, the worst condition Approach the curve. When the elapsed use period is short, the rubber material is hard, the amount of rubber bubbles is small, the humidity is high (high humidity), or the temperature is low, the curve approaches the best condition. When the service life is medium, the rubber material is medium, the amount of rubber bubbles is medium, the humidity is medium, or the temperature is medium, the curve of the standard condition is approximated.

  Similar to the second embodiment, the correlation is evaluated in advance from the wear amount curve of FIG. 30A and the composition change amount curve of FIG. 30B and stored in the memory 502 of the microcontroller 500, for example.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 30 (B), when the elapsed time of the roller 300 reaches L time, the composition change amount OS under standard conditions has a composition change of Y% that is greater than the composition change threshold value (Tc). In contrast to the amount, the composition change mass of the roller on the composition change amount curve OW under the worst condition of high temperature or dry reaches the composition change threshold value (Tc). Therefore, an error occurs in the prediction only from the characteristic data (composition variation curve OS) under the standard conditions.

  Therefore, as shown in FIG. 31 (B), the CPU 501 replaces the rollers based on the characteristic data (composition change amount curves OW, OB) and the wear amount curve of the worst condition of high temperature or dryness, and the best condition of low temperature or high humidity. The determination curves RW and RB are stored in the memory 502 of the microcontroller 500, for example. The CPU 501 predicts deterioration based on the roller replacement determination curves RW and RB. That is, it is possible to improve the prediction accuracy by correcting the deterioration prediction from the environmental change. Note that the roller replacement determination curve RW ′ in FIG. 31 (B) changes to the wear amount of the roller 300 when the roller replacement determination curve RW under the worst condition similar to FIG. 29 (B) operates and stops operating halfway. Even if it does not exist, it means that the water content or the oil content is reduced and the alteration level is lowered due to the compositional alteration with time.

  In the twelfth modified example, the composition change mass due to the decrease in the wear amount of rubber, the decrease in the amount of water, and the decrease in the amount of oil are corrected based on the environmental conditions together with the amount of change in the amount of wear and the amount of change in composition of the roller 300, so that physical wear It becomes possible to judge the deterioration level by a plurality of factors of compositional alteration and to predict the life with higher accuracy.

(Thirteenth modification)
Roller deterioration prediction will be described with reference to FIGS. 32A and 32B. 32A is a first half flowchart of roller deterioration prediction, and FIG. 32B is a second half flowchart of roller deterioration prediction.

  First, the CPU 501 refers to the elapsed time of the roller 300 (step S31), the wear amount of the roller 300 (step S32), and the variable mass of the roller 300 (step S33).

  The CPU 501 determines whether to perform the rubber material / composition change correction as described in the eleventh modification (step S34). If YES, the CPU 501 performs rubber material / composition change correction processing (step S35). If NO, the process proceeds to step S36.

  The CPU 501 determines whether or not to perform the humidity correction as described in the twelfth modified example (step S36). In the case of YES, the CPU 501 performs humidity correction processing (step S37). If NO, the process moves to step S38 in FIG. 32B.

  The CPU 501 determines whether to perform the temperature correction as described in the twelfth modified example (step S38). In the case of YES, the CPU 501 performs temperature correction processing (step S39). If NO, the process proceeds to step S40.

  The CPU 501 updates the life expectancy of the roller 300 (step S40). The CPU 501 determines whether the wear life has passed based on the life prediction (step S41). If YES, the CPU 501 performs life guidance processing (step S43). If NO, the process moves to step S42.

  The CPU 501 determines whether the altered life has passed based on the life prediction (step S42). In the case of YES, the CPU 501 performs life guidance processing (step S43). If NO, the process ends.

(14th modification)
In the fourteenth modified example, an example of a paper feed rubber roller composed of rubber and rubber of layers of foamed rubber will be described. The amount of wear of rubber wheels such as rubber rollers for paper feeding is detected by the adjacent electrode arrangement.

  First, the configuration of the roller and the roller portion around the roller will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 33 (A) is a perspective view showing the structure of the roller portion, and is a view with the housing omitted. 34A and 34B are diagrams showing a configuration of a roller and a housing that covers the roller, FIG. 34A is a top view, FIG. 34B is a front view, and FIG. 34C is FIG. 34A. FIG. 8 is a sectional view taken along line FF of

  The roller 300 is formed of a rubber layer 302 in the peripheral portion and a foamed rubber layer 303 between the roller shaft 310 and the rubber layer 302. Foamed rubber has a small relative dielectric constant due to the presence of air bubbles in ordinary rubber. Since the roller 300 feeds the paper 400, the roller 300 is covered by the housing 320 at a predetermined interval except the lower side. The mutual capacitance transmitting electrode 112 and the mutual capacitance receiving electrode 113 are attached to the side surface of the housing 320, and the mutual capacitance transmitting electrode 116 and the mutual capacitance receiving electrode 117 are attached below the roller 300. The mutual-capacitance transmitting electrode 116 and the mutual-capacitance receiving electrode 117 are plane electrodes, and are arranged so that they are adjacent to each other (adjacent electrode arrangement), and are used for measuring the wear amount used to detect the change over time of the wear amount of the roller 300. It is an electrode. The mutual capacitance transmitting electrode 112 and the mutual capacitance receiving electrode 113 are planar electrodes, are arranged so as to face each other, and are used to detect a change with time of the amount of change in the composition substance such as the amount of water or the amount of oil of the roller 300. It is an electrode for measuring the amount of change in the composition substance.

  In order to make the distance between the mutual capacitance transmitting electrode 116 and the mutual capacitance receiving electrode 117 and the roller 300 during detection, for example, the mutual capacitance transmitting electrode 116 and the mutual capacitance receiving electrode 117 and the roller 300 are brought into contact with each other, or the mutual capacitance transmission is performed. A substrate or the like provided with the electrode 116 and the mutual capacitance receiving electrode 117 is brought into contact with the roller 300.

  Next, an example of a method of measuring the amount of wear of the roller 300 will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 35 (A) is a sectional view taken along the line FF of FIG. 34 (A) when the roller is not worn, and FIG. 35 (B) is a sectional view taken along the line FF of FIG. 34 (A) when the roller is worn. It is the figure which omitted the housing.

  The mutual capacitance transmission electrode 116 and the mutual capacitance reception electrode 117, which are arranged adjacent to the roller 300 at a constant distance, include the mutual capacitance transmission electrode 116, the rubber layer 302 of the roller 300, the foam rubber layer 303, and the rubber layer 302. Measure the inter-electrode coupling capacitance. Here, the mutual capacitance transmitting electrode 116 and the mutual capacitance receiving electrode 117 are arranged in contact with the rubber layer 302 of the roller 300.

  As the surface of the roller 300 is abraded by paper discharge or the like, the thickness (T05) of the rubber layer 302 becomes smaller than the thickness (T04) of the rubber layer 302 when not worn as shown in FIG. .. As a result, the volumetric ratio of the rubber layer 302 and the foamed rubber layer 303 between the mutual capacitance transmitting electrode 116 and the mutual capacitance receiving electrode 117 is changed, so that the relative permittivity of the substance between the electrodes is changed and the interelectrode coupling capacitance is changed. Changes, and the change in wear of the roller 300 can be detected and measured without contact and over time.

  The method of measuring the composition change level of the roller 300 is the same as in the second embodiment. Not only the amount of wear but also the mutual capacitance transmitting electrode 112 and the mutual capacitance receiving electrode 113 arranged on the opposite electrodes detect changes over time in the amount of the composition substance such as a decrease in the water content and the oil content of the rubber roller 300 and detect the change in the rubber portion. It is possible to detect deterioration.

(Fifteenth modification)
In the fifteenth modified example, an example of a roller made of rubber for paper feeding, the vertical half of which is composed of rubber of a plurality of types of layers of rubber and foamed rubber will be described. Adjacent electrode placement is detected for the amount of wear of rubber wheels such as paper feed rubber rollers.

  First, the configuration of the roller and the roller portion around the roller will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 36 (A) is a perspective view showing the structure of the roller portion, and is a view with the housing omitted. FIG. 36 (B) is a sectional view when the roller is not worn, and FIG. 36 (C) is a sectional view when the roller is worn, with the housing omitted.

  A vertical half of the roller 300 is formed by a peripheral rubber layer 302, a foam rubber layer 303 between the roller shaft 310 and the rubber layer 302, and the other vertical half is formed by the rubber layer 302. Foamed rubber has a small relative dielectric constant due to the presence of air bubbles in ordinary rubber. Since the roller 300 feeds the paper 400, the roller 300 is covered by the housing 320 at a predetermined interval except the lower side. Mutual capacitance transmission electrodes 116a and 116b and mutual capacitance reception electrodes 117a and 117b are attached below the roller 300. The mutual capacitance transmitting electrodes 116a and 116b and the mutual capacitance receiving electrodes 117a and 117b are planar electrodes, which are arranged so as to be adjacent to each other (adjacent electrode arrangement), and are used to detect a change in the wear amount of the roller 300 with time. It is an electrode for measuring the amount of wear. The mutual capacitance transmitting electrode 112 and the mutual capacitance receiving electrode 113, which are electrodes for measuring the amount of change in the composition substance, are the same as those in the fourteenth modification.

  In order to make the distance between the mutual capacitance transmitting electrodes 116a and 116b and the mutual capacitance receiving electrodes 117a and 117b and the roller 300 at the time of detection, for example, the mutual capacitance transmitting electrodes 116a and 116b and the mutual capacitance receiving electrodes 117a and 117b and the roller 300 are detected. Or the substrate having the mutual capacitance transmitting electrodes 116a and 116b and the mutual capacitance receiving electrodes 117a and 117b is brought into contact with the roller 300.

  Next, an example of a method of measuring the amount of wear of the roller 300 will be described with reference to FIGS. 36 (B) and 36 (C).

  The mutual capacitance transmitting electrode 116a and the mutual capacitance receiving electrode 117a, which are disposed adjacent to the roller 300 at a constant distance, include the mutual capacitance transmitting electrode 116a, the rubber layer 302 of the roller 300, the foamed rubber layer 303, and the rubber layer 302. Measure the inter-electrode coupling capacitance. The mutual capacitance transmitting electrode 116b and the mutual capacitance receiving electrode 117b measure the inter-electrode coupling capacitance between the mutual capacitance transmitting electrode 116b and the rubber layer 302 of the roller 300. Here, the mutual capacitance transmitting electrodes 116 a and 116 b and the mutual capacitance receiving electrodes 117 a and 117 b are arranged in contact with the rubber layer 302 of the roller 300.

  As the surface of the roller 300 is worn due to paper discharge or the like, the thickness (T05) of the rubber layer 302 becomes thinner than the thickness (T04) of the rubber layer 302 when not worn, as shown in FIG. 36 (C). . As a result, the volume ratio of the rubber layer 302 and the foamed rubber layer 303 between the mutual capacitance transmitting electrode 116a and the mutual capacitance receiving electrode 117a changes, and the interelectrode coupling capacitance changes. On the other hand, only the rubber layer 302 is provided between the mutual capacitance transmitting electrode 116b and the mutual capacitance receiving electrode 117b, and the inter-electrode coupling capacitance is small. By comparing the inter-electrode coupling capacitance between the mutual-capacitance transmitting electrode 116a and the mutual-capacitance receiving electrode 117a with the inter-electrode coupling capacitance between the mutual-capacitance transmitting electrode 116b and the mutual-capacitance receiving electrode 117b, a change in wear of the roller 300 can be obtained. Can be detected and measured over time without contact.

  The method of measuring the composition change level of the roller 300 is the same as in the second embodiment. Not only the amount of wear but also the mutual capacitance transmitting electrode 112 and the mutual capacitance receiving electrode 113 arranged on the opposite electrodes detect changes over time in the amount of the composition substance such as a decrease in the water content and the oil content of the rubber roller 300 and detect the change in the rubber portion. It is possible to detect deterioration.

Although the invention made by the present inventor has been specifically described based on the embodiment, the example and the modification, the invention is not limited to the embodiment, the example, the modification and the application. Needless to say, various changes are possible.
For example, the entire upper portion of the housing 320 of the second embodiment is covered, but there may be no portion that is not necessary for fixing the electrodes 112, 113, 114, 115.

1 ... Device 2 ... Object 3 ... Electrode 4 ... Electrode 5 ... Capacitance sensor unit 6 ... Control unit

Claims (19)

A first electrode and a second electrode that are provided separated from the object by a gap,
A capacitance sensor unit for detecting inter-electrode coupling capacitance between the first electrode and the second electrode including the object,
A control unit that detects the composition of the object based on the capacity detected by the capacity sensor unit, the internal structure or the change over time of the volume,
Equipped with
The aged deterioration detection device in which the first electrode and the second electrode are separated from the object by a gap before and after the change over time. The aged deterioration detection device according to claim 1,
Furthermore, it is equipped with a battery compartment,
The object is a battery, housed in the battery housing,
The first electrode and the second electrode are provided on each of two opposing walls of the battery housing,
An aged deterioration detection device in which the portions of the two walls where the first electrode and the second electrode are provided are separated from the battery. The aged deterioration detection device according to claim 1,
Furthermore, it has a battery compartment,
The object is a battery, housed in the battery housing,
The first electrode and the second electrode are provided on one wall of the battery housing,
The aged deterioration detecting device, wherein a portion of the one wall where the first electrode and the second electrode are provided is separated from the battery. The aged deterioration detection device according to claim 2 or 3,
In addition, equipped with memory,
The control unit measures the inter-electrode coupling capacity at predetermined time intervals and stores the inter-electrode coupling capacity in the memory, and pressurizes, infiltrates or condenses the battery storage portion based on the time history of the inter-electrode coupling capacity, or the battery. Life Prediction Device to Detect Liquid Leakage. The aged deterioration detection device according to claim 1, further comprising:
A cover that covers away from the object,
A third electrode and a fourth electrode,
Equipped with
The object is a cylindrical rubber roller,
The first electrode and the second electrode are provided so as to face the wall of the cover,
The aging detection device, wherein the third electrode and the fourth electrode are provided on each of two opposing walls of the cover. The aged deterioration detection device according to claim 1, further comprising:
A cover that covers away from the object,
A third electrode and a fourth electrode,
Equipped with
The object is a cylindrical rubber roller,
The first electrode and the second electrode are provided so as to be adjacent to each other,
The third electrode and the fourth electrode are provided on each of two opposing walls of the cover,
An aged deterioration detecting device in which the center side of the roller is formed of a foamed rubber layer and the peripheral side is formed of a rubber layer. The aged deterioration detection device according to claim 1, further comprising:
A cover that covers away from the object,
A third electrode and a fourth electrode,
A fifth electrode and a sixth electrode,
Equipped with
The object is a cylindrical rubber roller,
The first electrode and the second electrode are provided so as to be adjacent to each other,
The third electrode and the fourth electrode are provided on each of two opposing walls of the cover,
The fifth electrode and the sixth electrode are provided so as to be adjacent to each other,
The first portion of the roller on the side of the third electrode is formed of a foam rubber layer on the center side and is formed of a rubber layer on the peripheral side,
The second portion of the roller on the side of the fourth electrode is formed of a rubber layer,
The first electrode and the second electrode are arranged facing the first portion,
The aged deterioration detecting device, wherein the fifth electrode and the sixth electrode are arranged so as to face the second portion. An object whose composition, internal structure or volume changes with time due to aging,
A first electrode and a second electrode provided separately from the object,
A capacitance sensor unit that detects inter-electrode coupling capacitance between the first electrode and the second electrode including the object at predetermined time intervals,
A control unit that predicts the life of the object based on a reference change curve indicating the relationship between the interelectrode coupling capacitance detected by the capacitance sensor unit, the previously evaluated capacitance, and the deterioration,
Life prediction device. In the life prediction device according to claim 8,
Further, a memory for storing the reference change curve is provided,
The object is a battery,
The reference change curve is an expansion curve showing the relationship between the number of times the battery is charged and the amount of expansion of the battery, and a battery deterioration curve showing the relationship between the number of times the battery is charged and the chargeable capacity of the battery, Is a life prediction curve showing the relationship between the expansion amount and the chargeable capacity obtained based on,
The control unit is a life prediction device that predicts the life of the battery based on the life prediction curve. The life prediction device according to claim 9,
The memory is based on a corrected expansion curve obtained by correcting the expansion curve based on a usage history or an environmental condition, and a corrected battery deterioration curve obtained by correcting the battery deterioration curve based on the usage history or the environmental condition. It stores the corrected life expectancy curve that is the corrected life expectancy curve.
The control unit is a life prediction device that predicts the life of the battery based on the corrected life prediction curve. The life prediction device according to claim 9,
The memory includes a corrected expansion curve obtained by correcting the expansion curve based on usage history or environmental conditions, a corrected battery deterioration curve obtained by correcting the battery deterioration curve based on the usage history or the environmental conditions, and the corrected expansion curve. And a corrected life prediction curve obtained by correcting the life prediction curve based on the corrected battery deterioration curve,
The life prediction apparatus, wherein the control unit presents a predicted number of times of charge and discharge based on the corrected battery deterioration curve, and guides usage conditions for life extension based on the corrected life prediction curve. In the life prediction device according to claim 8,
Furthermore, a third electrode and a fourth electrode provided separately from the object, and a memory storing the reference change curve,
The object is a cylindrical rubber roller,
The reference change curve, a wear amount curve showing the relationship between the cumulative number of revolutions of the roller and the wear amount of the roller, and a composition change amount curve showing the relationship between the elapsed time and the alteration level of the roller, Is a roller replacement determination curve showing the relationship between the elapsed time and the cumulative number of revolutions obtained based on,
The amount of wear is measured by the inter-electrode coupling capacitance between the first electrode and the second electrode,
The alteration level is measured by the inter-electrode coupling capacitance between the third electrode and the fourth electrode,
The control unit is a life prediction device that predicts deterioration of the roller based on the roller replacement determination curve. The life prediction device according to claim 12,
The memory includes a corrected wear amount curve in which the wear amount curve is corrected based on the material of the roller or environmental conditions, and a corrected composition change amount curve in which the composition change amount curve is corrected based on the material or the environmental conditions. Stores a correction life prediction curve obtained by correcting the roller replacement determination curve based on
The control unit is a life prediction device that predicts deterioration of the roller based on the roller replacement determination curve.   Includes an object whose composition, internal structure or volume changes over time due to aging, detects the inter-electrode coupling capacitance between the first electrode and the second electrode that are provided separately from the object, and detects the inter-electrode coupling capacitance in advance. A life prediction method for predicting the life of the object based on a standard change curve showing the relationship between the evaluated capacity and deterioration. The life prediction method according to claim 14,
The object is a battery,
The reference change curve is an expansion curve showing the relationship between the number of times the battery is charged and the amount of expansion of the battery, and a battery deterioration curve showing the relationship between the number of times the battery is charged and the chargeable capacity of the battery, Is a life prediction curve showing the relationship between the expansion amount and the chargeable capacity obtained based on,
A life prediction method for predicting the life of the battery based on the life prediction curve. The life prediction method according to claim 15,
A correction expansion curve obtained by correcting the expansion curve based on usage history or environmental conditions, and a correction battery deterioration curve obtained by correcting the battery deterioration curve based on the usage history or the environmental conditions, Calculate the corrected life expectancy curve,
A life prediction method for predicting the life of the battery based on the corrected life prediction curve. The life prediction method according to claim 15,
The expansion curve is corrected based on usage history or environmental conditions to obtain a corrected expansion curve, and the correction battery deterioration curve obtained by correcting the battery deterioration curve based on the usage history or the environmental conditions is calculated. Obtaining a corrected life prediction curve obtained by correcting the life prediction curve based on the corrected battery deterioration curve,
A life prediction method for presenting a predicted number of times of charge and discharge based on the corrected battery deterioration curve, and guiding use conditions for life extension based on the corrected life prediction curve. The life prediction method according to claim 14,
The object is a cylindrical rubber roller,
The reference change curve, a wear amount curve showing the relationship between the cumulative number of revolutions of the roller and the wear amount of the roller, and a composition change amount curve showing the relationship between the elapsed time and the alteration level of the roller, Is a roller replacement determination curve showing the relationship between the elapsed time and the cumulative number of revolutions obtained based on,
The amount of wear is measured by the inter-electrode coupling capacitance between the first electrode and the second electrode,
The alteration level is measured by the inter-electrode coupling capacitance between the third electrode and the fourth electrode provided separately from the roller,
A life prediction method for predicting deterioration of the roller based on the roller replacement determination curve. The life prediction method according to claim 18,
Based on a corrected wear amount curve in which the wear amount curve is corrected based on the material or environmental conditions of the roller, and a corrected composition change amount curve in which the composition change amount curve is corrected based on the material or the environmental conditions, Obtaining a corrected life prediction curve that is obtained by correcting the roller replacement determination curve,
A life prediction method for predicting deterioration of the roller based on the roller replacement determination curve.

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