JP2020066861A - Method of installing gaskets on joints between concrete structures - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a method with which a gasket can be easily and surely installed in a joint between concrete structures with a simple structure without damaging the gasket.SOLUTION: A gasket 3 having a width L3 that is wider than a width L2 of a joint 2 between concrete structures 1, 1 in a free state, is bound by string-shaped binding members 5 at plurality of points in the longitudinal direction of the gasket 3 in a state of being compressed in a direction for flattening the width L3' to be smaller than the width L2 of the joint 2 between the concrete structures 1, 1, so as to maintain the width L3'. The gasket 3, in a bound state, is inserted into the joint 2, and then the binding members 5 are cut and pulled out to elastically return the gasket 3.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for installing a gasket at joints between concrete structures.

  Concrete pavement is applied in airports, roads, and tunnels, as well as in transportation-related yards such as port areas and storage areas, factories, and plazas. Concrete pavement can be constructed by placing fresh concrete at the site where the pavement is made, hardening it, cutting it at regular intervals to form concrete slabs, and precast concrete slabs (hereinafter PC There is a PC plate pavement in which the plates are called at regular intervals. A joint portion having a width in a cross section and a length corresponding to one side of the concrete plate or the PC plate is formed between the concrete plates or the PC plate adjacent to each other. These concrete plates and PC plates are included in the concrete structure.

  A joint material is provided in the joint portion between the concrete structures thus configured. Some joint fillers are filled and filled in the joints, and also some gaskets are inserted into the joints. The gasket is generally made of an elastic material such as resin, and is formed such that the width in the cross section thereof is larger than the width in the cross section of the joint between the concrete structures. Therefore, the gasket is inserted into the joint portion in a state of being compressed in the width direction, and elastically returns to the side wall of the joint portion. Further, the gasket has a length corresponding to the joint portion extending in the longitudinal direction.

  The conventional technique for installing such a gasket in the joint is generally a manual work of pushing the gasket into the joint using a crowbar, etc. with the gasket sandwiched in the width direction and compressed. I was going there. Further, Patent Documents 1 and 2 are known as other conventional techniques.

  In Patent Document 1, a gasket having an upper portion having a trumpet shape and a lower portion having a straight shape is used to press and insert a gasket into a joint portion, and a pair of guide plates are arranged at a constant interval. It is described that a gasket having a holding bolt is used to push and load the gasket into the inside of the joint (paragraphs [0041] to [0043], and FIGS. 4 and 5).

  On the other hand, Patent Document 2 discloses that a gasket is attached to a joint using a gasket attachment device. (Paragraphs [0038]-[0044], and FIG. 5).

JP, 2002-275815, A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-25607

  Of the above techniques, when the gasket is manually pushed into the joint using a vise and a crowbar, it is difficult to insert the gasket evenly into the joint because it requires skill. In addition, there is a problem that it takes a lot of labor and time.

  Further, in the case of using the jig having the trumpet-shaped upper portion and the straight lower portion described in Patent Document 1, when the gasket is pushed and inserted from the trumpet-shaped upper portion to the straight lower portion, There is a problem in that a great deal of labor and time are required to insert the push-fit since it receives resistance caused by reducing the width of the gasket.

  On the other hand, in Patent Document 2, it is necessary to adjust the mounting device according to the width and depth of the joint portion, and a large cost is required to manufacture the mounting device only for installing the gasket. There was a problem such as this.

  Also, in all of the conventional techniques, the gasket slides on the side wall of the joint, so that there is a problem that the surface of the gasket that contacts the side wall of the joint is damaged.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and provides a method that can easily and reliably install a gasket at a joint between concrete structures with a simple structure without damaging the gasket. The purpose is to

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the invention according to the method for installing a gasket in joints between concrete structures according to claim 1 forms the joints between the concrete structures with a width larger than the width of the joints in the cross section. A method of installing a gasket made of an elastic body, wherein the width of the gasket is compressed in a direction in which the width of the gasket is smaller than the width of the joint portion and becomes flat, and a plurality of locations in the longitudinal direction of the gasket are string-shaped or It is characterized in that it is bound by a band-shaped binding material, the gasket bound by the binding material is inserted into the joint portion, and then the binding by the binding material is released to elastically return the gasket.
According to the invention of claim 1, in a state in which the width of the gasket is compressed in a direction in which the width is smaller than the width of the joint portion between the concrete structures and becomes flat, a plurality of locations in the longitudinal direction of the gasket are bound by a string-shaped or band-shaped binding material. When bound together, the gasket is held in a compressed width smaller than the width of the joint. Therefore, the gasket bound by the binding material can be easily inserted into the joint portion by a simple insertion operation. After that, when the binding by the binding material at appropriate places is released in sequence, and finally the binding by all the binding materials is released, the gasket is elastically restored as a whole and comes into close contact with the side wall of the joint portion. When releasing the binding by the binding material, it is possible to bring the gasket into a state in which it is placed at an appropriate position in the joint portion between the concrete structures by grasping the bound binding material. Therefore, the gasket can be installed at an appropriate position in the joint between the concrete structures.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the invention of claim 2 is the invention of claim 1, wherein when the binding material binds three or more places of the gasket, one place or a place separated from a plurality of places. The operation of releasing and removing the binding material is repeated until all binding materials are opened and removed.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the invention, when the binding material binds at three or more locations of the gasket, the binding material at one location or at locations separated from each other is released and removed. Do the work. At this time, since the binding material remaining in the gasket holds the gasket in a compressed state in the width direction, the released binding material can be easily removed. Then, by repeating this operation, the gasket uniformly elastically returns in the width direction in the length direction.

According to a third aspect of the invention, in order to achieve the above object, in the invention according to the first aspect or the second aspect, before the gasket bound by the binding material is inserted into the joint portion, An adhesive is applied to at least one of the surfaces of the joint portion which are in contact with each other.
According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the invention according to the first or second aspect, an adhesive is applied to at least one of the surfaces of the gasket and the joint portion which are in contact with each other and are in contact with each other, and then, When the gasket is inserted into the joint portion, the binding by the binding material is released, and the gasket is elastically restored in the width direction, the surfaces where the gasket and the joint portion contact each other are adhered to each other by the adhesive.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to easily and surely install a gasket in a joint portion between concrete structures without damaging the gasket with a simple structure.

It is sectional drawing shown in order to demonstrate the relationship of the size of the width of a joint part and a gasket. The cross section shown for explaining a state in which the gasket is compressed in the width direction so as to be smaller than the width of the joint portion (a) and a state in which the gasket is bound by a binding material to hold the compressed width (b). It is a figure. It is sectional drawing shown in order to demonstrate the state released by cutting the binding material. It is sectional drawing shown in order to demonstrate the state which extracted and cut off the binding material cut. It is the perspective view shown in order to demonstrate the procedure at the time of releasing the binding material of an adjacent place in one place one by one. It is sectional drawing shown in order to demonstrate embodiment of the gasket of the shape different from the gasket shown in FIGS. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view shown for explaining an embodiment of a gasket having a shape different from that of the gasket shown in FIGS. 1 to 5.

  First, the structures of the concrete structure 1 and the joint portion 2 between the concrete structure 1 used in the present invention, the gasket 3 in the first embodiment, and the binding material 5 will be described.

  The concrete structure 1 shown in FIG. 1 can include the concrete slab and the PC slab described above. The concrete structures 1 are arranged at regular intervals, and joints 2 are formed between the concrete structures 1 and 1 adjacent to each other. The joint portion 2 has a width L2 in the cross section and a length corresponding to the lengths of the sides of the concrete structure 1 which face each other.

  As shown in the cross-sectional view of FIG. 1, the gasket 3 having a substantially cylindrical shape in the present embodiment includes a lid portion 30 that closes the opening of the joint portion 2 and an end surface of the concrete structure 1 (side wall 20 of the joint portion 2). A pair of side wall portions 31 respectively contacting each other, a vertical rib 32 located at the center between the pair of side wall portions 31, 31, and a horizontal rib connecting at the intermediate portion and the lower end portion of the vertical rib 32 and the side wall portions 31, 31 respectively. The ribs 33 (in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 5, left and right three steps each) are provided, and the lid portion 30, the side wall portions 31, the vertical ribs 32, and the horizontal ribs 33 extend in the longitudinal direction of the gasket 3. . In the cross section of the gasket 3, the lid portion 30 and the horizontal ribs 33 are inclined so as to descend from the side wall portions 31 toward the vertical ribs 32. In the present embodiment, the vertical rib 32, the pair of side wall portions 31, 31, the lid portion 30, and the respective horizontal ribs 33 form six hollow portions extending in the longitudinal direction of the gasket 3.

  The gasket 3 shown in FIG. 1 is in a free state in which it is not compressed in the width direction, and the width between the outer side surfaces of the side wall portions 31, 31, that is, the width L3 in the cross section of the gasket 3 is in the cross section of the joint portion 2. It is set larger than the width L2.

  In a state where the gasket 3 is free, the inclined lid portion 30 has a groove 30a whose upper surface central portion in cross section has a V shape, and slightly rises from the opening of the groove 30a toward the upper end of each side wall portion 31. And an inclined portion 30b is formed. Further, the angle formed by the lid portion 30 and each horizontal rib 33 with respect to the vertical rib 32 is not a right angle, but is formed so as to form an acute angle upward with respect to the vertical rib 32. That is, each of the horizontal ribs 33 is inclined so that the side wall portion 31 side is relatively higher in the figure with respect to the vertical rib 32 side, and the horizontal ribs 33 located in the lowermost portion in the figure lower the cross ribs in the cross section of the gasket 3. The central tip is convex. Therefore, when the gasket 3 is compressed in the width direction in the cross section, the lid portion 30 and each horizontal rib 33 elastically deforms with respect to the pair of side wall portions 31 and the vertical ribs 32.

  When the gasket 3 is compressed in the width direction so as to shrink from the left-right direction in the figure to the flat direction (see (a) of FIG. 2), the lid portion 30 bends so as to be convex downward from the groove 30 a as a starting point. At the same time, the pair of side wall portions 31 is deformed so as to rise relatively to the vertical rib 32 side of each horizontal rib 33 in the drawing. The width in the cross section of the gasket 3 at this time is L3 '. In this state, the string-shaped or band-shaped binding material 5 binds the gasket 3 around the gasket 3 at appropriate intervals. In that state, it is inserted into the joint portion 2 between the PC plates 1 and 1. After the insertion, the binding material 5 is cut as shown in FIG. When released from the state of being compressed and bound to the width L3 ', the lid portion 30 and each of the lateral ribs 33 elastically return to approach horizontal, and the compressed width L3' expands.

The material of the gasket 3 is not particularly limited, and for example, natural rubber (NR) or synthetic rubber such as chloroprene rubber (CR), ethylene propylene rubber (EPDM), styrene butadiene rubber (SBR), etc. should be adopted. You can
The shape of the gasket 3 is not particularly limited, and in addition to the first embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 5, the shape of the gasket 3 shown in FIG. 7) and the second and third embodiments shown in FIG. 7 (the horizontal ribs 33 are two steps on each of the left and right sides), it is possible to adopt a cross-sectional shape in which the width can be easily reduced by pressing from the left and right directions. desirable.

  Next, the binding material 5 used in the method of the present invention will be described. The binding material 5 in the present embodiment includes a polypropylene band (hereinafter referred to as a PP band) 50 and a stopper 51 that holds the PP band 50. The binding material 5 is not limited to this embodiment as long as it can bind the width of the gasket 3 compressed in the width direction with certainty, and is called, for example, a so-called tie wrap or an insulation lock. It is possible to use a binding band, a string made of natural material or synthetic resin, a wire, a so-called vinyl tie in which the wire is covered with a band of resin, etc., but it is easy to cut with a cutter such as a cutter knife or scissors as described later. It is preferable that it can be.

One embodiment of the method of the present invention will be described based on FIGS. 1 to 5 in the case where the gasket 3 configured as described above is installed in the joint portion 2 between the concrete structures 1 and 1.
According to the method of the present invention, roughly, the width L3 of the gasket 3 is compressed to a width L3 ′ so as to be smaller than the width L2 of the joint portion 2, and a plurality of strap-shaped or band-shaped binding materials are provided at a plurality of locations in the longitudinal direction of the gasket 3. 5, the gasket 3 in the bound state is inserted into the joint portion 2, and then the binding by the binding material 5 is released to elastically return the gasket 3.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the width L3 in the cross section of the gasket 3 in the free state is set larger than the width L2 in the cross section of the joint portion 2. Therefore, if the gasket 3 is to be inserted into the joint portion 2 as it is, a large resistance is applied, and it is difficult to insert it. Further, if the gasket 3 is in contact with the joint portion 2 when the gasket 3 is inserted into the joint portion 2, the gasket 3 will be damaged by sliding during insertion.

  Therefore, in the present invention, as shown in FIG. 2A, the gasket 3 is compressed to the width L3 ′, and as shown in FIG. 2B and FIG. The gasket 3 is bound at a plurality of locations with a string-shaped or band-shaped binding material 5, and is held in a compressed state with a width L3 ′.

  In the following description, the case where the PP band 50 and the stopper 51 are used as the binding material 5 will be described. The PP band 50 is fastened by the stopper 51 so as not to loosen in a state where the gasket 3 is tightened and compressed. The operation of binding the gasket 3 compressed in the width direction by the PP band 50 and the stopper 51 can be easily performed without requiring skill.

The gasket 3 may be bound after the shape of the gasket 3 is stabilized after the gasket 3 is molded and before the gasket 3 is inserted into the joint portion 2.
That is, the gasket 3 is manufactured by extrusion molding or the like and then compressed in the width direction until the shape becomes stable so that the gasket 3 can be elastically restored in the joint portion 2. ), The gasket 3 is compressed in the width direction so as to be smaller than the width L2 of the joint portion 2, and is bound by the binding material 5. Alternatively, unlike this, the gasket 3 is moved from the place where the gasket 3 is manufactured to the site where the gasket 3 is installed in the joint part 2, and the gasket 3 is moved to the width of the joint part 2 immediately before the gasket 3 is installed in the joint part 2. It is compressed in the width direction so as to be smaller than L2 and is bound by the binding material 5.

  Further, the compression of the gasket 3 in the width direction may be performed by pressing it with a vise or a hydraulic press, inserting the gasket 3 between rollers provided at predetermined intervals, or putting a weight on an operator. Good. Further, by tightening the gasket 3 with the binding material 5, the gasket 3 can be compressed in the width direction. In this case, the tightening force of the binding material 5 for compressing the gasket 3 in the width direction may be such that the width L3 'in the cross section of the gasket 3 is equal to or less than the width L2 in the cross section of the joint portion 2. As described above, the lid portion 30 and each horizontal rib 33 are inclined with respect to the side wall portion 31 and the vertical rib 32, and moreover, the side wall portion 31 and the vertical rib 32 are connected by the lid portion 30 and each horizontal rib 33. Therefore, the gasket 3 tightened with the binding material 5 is compressed only in the width direction of the cross section.

  Next, in the present embodiment, a regulating member 6 (shown only in FIG. 2) that regulates the insertion position of the gasket 3 with respect to the joint portion 2 is provided in the joint portion 2, and the gasket 3 bound by the binding material 5 is further provided. Then, the gasket 3 is inserted into the joint portion 2 after the adhesive is applied to one or both of the surfaces of the joint portion 2 that are in contact with each other. The restriction member 6 may be any member as long as it can be arranged in the joint portion 2 and can support the gasket 3. However, since the gasket 3 can be easily adjusted and arranged at an appropriate position in the joint portion 2 by gripping the binding material 5, the regulating member 6 does not have to be arranged in the joint portion 2. In some cases. Since the gasket 3 is held in a compressed state with a width L3 ′ smaller than the width L2 of the joint portion 2, it does not come into contact with the side wall 20 of the joint portion 2 when it is inserted into the joint portion 2, Therefore, it is not damaged.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 3, the PP band 50 is cut with a cutter knife or the like to release the binding of the gasket 3. Similarly, when the binding member 5 other than the PP band 50 is used, the binding of the gasket 3 is appropriately released by cutting or the like. At this time, the order of releasing the bundling of the PP band 50 and extracting and removing the PP band 50 is as follows, as shown in (a) and (b) of FIG. A work of releasing and removing the PP band 50 by cutting the PP band 50 at one place or a plurality of places is performed, and this work is repeated until all the PP bands 50 are cut and removed.

  That is, when a plurality of PP bands 50 bind the gasket 3 at a predetermined interval, as shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B, the PP bands 50 are separated by one position. PP bands 50 are cut and released (i.e., at alternate intervals) and withdrawn. This step is called the first step. Since the gasket 3 is held in a well-balanced state in the width direction by the PP band 50 remaining uncut in the first step over the entire length of the gasket 3, the PP band 50 cut and released is It can be easily extracted and removed.

  Next, as shown in (b) to (c) of FIG. 5, among the PP bands 50, the PP bands 50 at positions apart from each other (that is, every other band) are further cut and released, Remove by sampling. This step is called the second step. Since the gasket 3 is kept in a compressed state in the width direction by the PP band 50 that remains uncut in the second step, the PP band 50 that has been cut and released can be easily extracted and removed. .

  Then, as shown in (c) to (d) of FIG. 5, among the PP bands 50, the PP bands 50 at positions separated by one place (that is, every other band) are further cut and released, Remove by sampling. This step is called the third step. Since the gasket 3 is kept in a compressed state in the width direction by the PP band 50 that remains uncut in the third step, the PP band 50 that has been cut and released can be easily extracted and removed. .

  Then, the same operations as in the first to third steps are repeated until all the PP bands 50 are finally opened and removed. As a result, the gasket 3 elastically returns uniformly in the width direction at an appropriate position within the joint portion 2 in the entire region in the longitudinal direction, and the side wall portion 31 causes the side wall 20 of the joint portion 2 to return, as shown in FIG. Is pressed, and the side wall 20 of the joint portion 2 is adhered and adhered by an adhesive. Note that the work of cutting and removing the PP band 50 is not performed at every other place as described above, but at a plurality of places such as every two or three places depending on the length of the gasket 3 and the number of binding places. It is also possible to cut and remove the PP band 50 at the open position.

  The PP band 50 at one place or at a place separated from a plurality of places is cut and released to be removed so that the gaskets 3 as a whole are compressed in the width direction in a well-balanced manner at a plurality of places where one gasket 3 is bound. This is to maintain the state.

  The operation of cutting and pulling out the PP band 50 can be easily performed in a short time without requiring skill.

  Here, the time required when testing Examples 1 and 2 according to the present invention and a comparative example in which two workers are used to manually push the gasket 3 into the joint portion 2 as described in the related art. Will be described based on Table 1. In addition, in such a test, the width of the joint portion 2 between the PC plates 1 and 1 is 87 to 92 mm, and the length of one gasket 3 having a length of 2.5 m is set for each worker per worker for installing the gasket 3 in the joint portion 2. Indicates the time required (minutes / person / book).

Example 1
As described above, the gasket 3 having the width L3 larger than the width L2 of the joint portion 2 is formed, and is aged for a certain period of time until the shape is stable so as not to be plastically deformed, and the gasket 3 is manufactured. In the first embodiment, the side wall portion 31 of the gasket 3 is pressed by a device capable of compressing, such as a press or a vise, in a factory where the gasket 3 is manufactured, and the width L3 ′ is made smaller than the width L2 of the joint portion 2. In this case, the gasket 3 in this state is bound at a plurality of positions with the binding material 5 to hold the compressed width L3 ′. Bundling with the binding material 5 in this factory or the like can be performed in advance before the gasket 3 is installed in the joint portion 2, so it is not necessary to consider the working time at the installation site.

  Next, the joint portion 2 on which the gasket 3 of the concrete structure 1 is installed is polished and cleaned. This polishing / cleaning process was performed using a gold brush and a vacuum cleaner. The time required was 20 minutes / person / book.

  Further, the primer (adhesive) was applied by using a brush to apply the primer to one or both of the side wall portion 31 of the gasket 3 and the side wall 20 of the joint portion 2. The time required was 6 minutes / person / book.

  In Table 1, work 2 in Example 1 repeats the step of cutting and removing the tying material 5 tying the gaskets 3 every other as described with reference to FIG. 5 using a cutter knife. Finally, all the binding materials 5 are removed, and the time required from the start to the end of such work is shown. As a result, the time required was 20 minutes / person / book.

  The total working time of Example 1 was 46 minutes / person / book.

Example 2
The description of the same work contents as in the above-described first embodiment will be omitted, and only different work contents will be described. At the site where the gasket 3 molded as described above is installed, it is compressed to a width L3 'so as to be smaller than the width L2 of the joint portion 2 before installation, and the gasket 3 in this state is bound at a plurality of locations with the binding material 5. (PP band tightening) to hold the compressed width L3 ′. The time required for this work was 15 minutes / person / book.

  The total working time of Example 2 was 61 minutes / person / book.

Comparative Example The description of the same work contents as those of the above-described first and second embodiments will be omitted, and only different work contents will be described. In the comparative example, two workers use a vise to compress the end portion of the gasket 3 into the joint portion 2 and then use a burl to manually weight the end portion of the gasket 3 from both ends. I pushed it in.

  The time required for the installation work 1 was 40 minutes / person / book, and the total work time was 66 minutes / person / book.

From the above, Example 1 of the present invention can shorten the required time by 30% or more as compared with the comparative example. In addition, the binding material 5 such as the PP band 50 is very cheap and easy to obtain, so it is cheaper than the jigs (Patent Document 1) and the attachment device (Patent Document 2) in the related art. Thus, the gasket 3 can be installed on the joint portion 2 without damaging it. In addition, since the gasket 3 is bound in a state of being compressed in the width direction, the gasket 3 can be easily inserted into the joint portion 2 without labor or labor.
Furthermore, particularly in the first embodiment, since it is sufficient to cut the binding material 5 and pull it out, the time required to install the gasket 3 can be greatly shortened.

  1: concrete structure, 2: joint, 3: gasket, 5: binding material, L2: width of joint, L3: width of gasket in free state, L3 ': width of gasket in compressed state

Claims (3)

A method of installing a gasket made of an elastic body having a width larger than the width of the joint portion in the cross-section in the joint portion between the concrete structures,
In a state in which the width of the gasket is compressed in a direction in which the width is smaller than the width of the joint portion and becomes flat, the plurality of parts in the longitudinal direction of the gasket are bound by a string-shaped or band-shaped binding material,
Insert the gasket bound by the binding material into the joint portion,
After that, the method of installing the gasket on the joint portion between the concrete structures is characterized in that the binding by each binding material is released and removed, and the gasket is elastically restored.   When the binding material binds at three or more locations of the gasket, the operation of releasing and removing the binding material at one location or at locations separated by a plurality of locations is repeated until all the binding materials are released and removed. The method for installing a gasket at a joint between concrete structures according to claim 1.   The adhesive is applied to at least one of the surfaces of the gasket and the joint that come into contact with each other before the gasket bound by the binding material is inserted into the joint. 2. The method for installing a gasket in a joint between concrete structures according to any one of 2 above.