JP2020066838A - Fitting member - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a fitting member that is made of wood but has excellent fire protection performance.SOLUTION: A frame 1 as a fitting member of the present invention has a core member 11 made of paulownia wood and ceramic paper 12 adhered to the core member 11. At least one corner part C of the core member 11 to which the ceramic paper 12 is adhered is preferably formed to have an obtuse angle. Also, a door 2 as a fitting member of the present invention has a core member 31 made of paulownia wood and ceramic paper 32 adhered to the core member 31.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

  The present invention relates to a wooden fitting member having fireproof performance, such as a door provided in an opening of a building and a mounting frame thereof.

  Wooden fittings are lightweight and inexpensive, and because they fix carbon dioxide, they contribute to the realization of a low carbon society and contribute to the prevention of global warming. On the other hand, since wood burns, there is a problem in fireproof performance. Therefore, the inventor has invented a wooden fire door attachment frame and a wooden fire door structure having fire prevention performance in the past, and has applied for a patent for Patent Document 1. This wooden fire door mounting frame comprises a core made of paulownia wood and a fireproof heat insulating coating layer formed on the surface of the core material and made of a fireproof heat insulating agent containing a foaming agent, a carbonizing agent and a resin or a fireproof heat insulating sheet. It has a fireproof performance.

JP, 2018-141346, A

  Although the wooden fire door mounting frame and the wooden fire door structure (joint member) described in Patent Document 1 are excellent, there are problems such as improvement of fire prevention performance and diversification of technology such as achievement of fire prevention performance by other approaches. Therefore, the present inventor is further diligently conducting research.

  The present invention has been made in order to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a fitting member which is made of wood and has excellent fireproof performance.

  The fitting member according to claim 1 made in order to achieve the above object has a core material made of paulownia wood and a ceramic paper attached to the core material. And

  The fitting member according to a second aspect is the one according to the first aspect, and at least one of the corner portions of the core material to which the ceramic paper is attached is formed to have an obtuse angle.

  The fitting member according to claim 3 is the joiner member according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the ceramic paper comprises a fireproof heat insulating agent or a fireproof heat insulating sheet containing a foaming agent, a carbonizing agent, and a resin on the outer side. A fireproof heat insulating coating layer is provided.

  The fitting member described in claim 4 is according to any one of claims 1 to 3, and is a frame to which a door is attached.

  The joinery member described in claim 5 is that according to claim 1 or 2, and a volcanic vitreous multilayer plate is provided on the outside of the ceramic paper.

  The joinery member described in claim 6 is the joiner member according to claim 5, and is a door.

  A fitting member according to a seventh aspect is according to the sixth aspect, and the door is provided with a heating foaming agent at an end portion facing the frame to which the door is attached.

  According to the fitting member of the present invention, by having the core material made of paulownia and the ceramic paper attached to the core material, the flammable gas generated immediately before combustion by heating the core material in the case of fire is externally exposed. It can be blocked from being released. Thereby, it is possible to prevent the core material from starting to burn, and it is possible to realize excellent fireproof performance of the fitting member.

  If at least one corner of the core material to which the ceramic paper is attached is formed to have an obtuse angle, the bent part of the ceramic paper is less likely to be damaged by heating due to fire, etc. It is possible to reliably prevent the gas from being released to the outside, and it is possible to realize better fireproof performance.

  In the case where a fire-resistant heat-insulating coating layer made of a fire-resistant heat-insulating agent or a fire-resistant heat-insulating sheet containing a foaming agent, a carbonizing agent, and a resin is provided on the outside of the ceramic paper, the fire-resistant heat-insulating coating layer foams into a heat-insulating layer during a fire, The ceramic paper is less likely to be heated, and the core material is less likely to be heated and more difficult to burn, which makes it possible to realize even better fireproof performance.

  In the case of a frame to which a door is attached, a frame having high fireproof performance can be realized. When it is a door, a door having high fireproof performance can be realized.

  When the volcanic glassy multi-layered plate is provided on the outer side of the ceramic paper, the volcanic glassy multi-layered plate has high fire resistance, so that further excellent fire protection performance can be realized.

  If the door is provided with a heat-foaming agent at the end facing the frame to be attached, the fire-foaming agent foams and seals the gap between the door and the frame in the event of a fire, which causes a fire and a fire. It is possible to prevent the door from spreading and to prevent the door and the frame from burning easily, so that higher fire protection performance can be realized.

It is a front view showing a door and its frame which are fitting members to which the present invention is applied. It is a partially expanded sectional view which shows typically the cross section of the FF line part in FIG.

  Hereinafter, modes for carrying out the present invention will be described in detail, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to these modes.

  FIG. 1 shows an example of a frame 1 which is a fitting member to which the present invention is applied and a door 2 which is a fitting member to which the present invention is applied. The frame 1 and the door 2 are provided in the opening of the wall material 91. FL in the figure is a floor line. Here, the fitting is a partition having an opening / closing function provided in the opening of the building, and is a door and a frame for mounting the door. A door is a hinged door that rotates and is also called a door, a sliding door, a folding door, or the like. A door having fireproof performance, like the door according to the present invention, is also referred to as a fireproof door.

  In the same figure, a door 2 which is a single door as an example of a door, and a frame 1 formed as a three-sided frame as an attachment frame thereof are shown. In the same figure, the corners of the frame 1, which is a three-sided frame, show an example in which timber is joined by a fastening process. When the corners of the frame 1 are joined by a fastening process, the timbers are closely combined and the gaps are eliminated, so that it is difficult to combust, flames and gases do not easily pass, and the fire prevention performance is improved, which is preferable.

  Although FIG. 1 shows an example in which the door 2 is a single door, it may be a double door, a sliding door or a folding door, and is not limited to the drawing. Further, although FIG. 1 shows an example in which the frame 1 is a three-sided frame, it may be one-sided frame, two-sided frame, or four-sided frame. Further, the frame 1 may be a frame for attaching a sliding door or the like. Further, as shown in the figure, the door 2 may be provided with an opening / closing lever 8 or the like.

  FIG. 2 shows a schematic partially enlarged cross-sectional view of the FF line portion in FIG.

  The frame 1 in the figure shows the upper frame portion of the three-way frame, but the left and right frame portions of the three-way frame are also similarly configured. Moreover, although the vertical cross section of the door 2 is shown in the same figure, the horizontal cross section of the door 2 is also similarly configured.

  The frame 1 which is a fitting member of the present invention has a core material 11 made of paulownia wood and a ceramic paper 12 attached to the core material 11. Further, it is preferable that a fireproof heat insulating coating layer 13 is provided on the outside of the ceramic paper 12. Further, a decorative layer 14 made of a decorative paint or a decorative sheet may be provided on the outer side of the fireproof heat insulating coating layer 13.

  It is preferable that the core material 11 be configured by using a laminated wood of paulownia as a main material (main material). In this example, the core material 11 is formed by fixing the main frame member 21 and the door stop member 22 with wooden screws 23. The main frame member 21 is made of paulownia laminated wood. The door stop member 22 which is the sub-frame member may be formed of solid wood of paulownia, but is more preferably formed of laminated wood of paulownia. A groove into which the wall material 91 fits is formed on the upper side of the core material 11.

  Compared to other woods such as cedar and Mizunara, paulownia wood is characterized by being less susceptible to cracking, warping, expansion and contraction, and is less likely to rot. By using paulownia that is less deformed and less likely to rot, it is possible to make a fitting member (frame 1, door 2) that is less deformed by aging and heat. Furthermore, the use of paulownia as a laminated material has the effects of increasing strength and preventing deformation. Therefore, by using the laminated wood of paulownia, it is possible to obtain a fitting member that can further prevent the deterioration due to aging and heat. Moreover, since the laminated wood of paulownia is inexpensive and easy to process, the cost of the fitting member can be significantly reduced.

  Here, the laminated wood is a wood material made by fixing and reconstructing a plate material having a small cross-sectional size with an adhesive. In this example, the main frame member 21 is formed of laminated wood in which paulownia board materials are alternately laminated. Further, as shown in the figure, the main frame member 21 is formed by adhering three layers of the paulownia planks adjacent to each other with the grain directions orthogonal to each other, and at the same time, the thickness of the center layer of the three layers is smaller than the thickness of both side layers. It is preferable that the three-layer irregular cross-bonding is made thicker. As shown in the figure, the grain directions on both sides of the three-layer irregular cross-paste are parallel to the longitudinal planes of the main frame member 21, and the grain direction of the central layer of the three-layer irregular cross-paste is It is preferable that the main frame member 21 is formed in a direction orthogonal to the longitudinal surface. In addition, if necessary, the main frame member 21 may be formed of a three-layer cross-bonded paulownia laminated material having the same three layers, or may be formed of another paulownia laminated material. . The grain direction, shape, size, combination method, and number of layers of each plate material constituting the laminated wood are arbitrary.

  Compared to other wood such as cedar and Nara, paulownia is characterized by superior fire resistance and heat insulation. One of the reasons is the paulownia conduit. The paulownia conduit has a structure in which small rooms are continuously connected, so it is difficult for heat to transfer. On the other hand, other timber such as cedar and Nara are easy to transfer heat because the conduit is tubular.

  The thermal conductivity of paulownia is 0.073 W / m · k, while that of cedar is 0.087 W / m · k, and that of mizuna is 0.142 W / m · k. Low. For example, compared to water oak, paulownia has a thermal conductivity of about 1/2, and it is difficult to transfer heat about twice as much. Since paulownia is hard to burn, and has excellent fire resistance and heat insulating properties, it can be used as a fitting member having high fireproof performance.

  A major feature of the present invention is that the ceramic paper 12 is attached to the surface of the core material 11. The ceramic paper 12 is attached to the surface of the frame 1 (joint member) that is exposed to flames in the event of a fire, that is, the surface of the frame 1 (core material 11) that is exposed to the outside without being hidden by the wall. The ceramic paper 12 is in close contact with the core material 11 and is attached with a fire resistant adhesive.

  The ceramic paper 12 is made of a ceramic such as magnesium silicate, magnesium hydroxide, or calcium carbonate at least as a raw material and formed into a paper shape, and has noncombustibility (or flame retardancy) and flexibility. As the ceramic paper 12, for example, nonflammable paper, which is an inorganic paper whose main component is a natural mineral magnesium silicate manufactured by Taigarex (registered trademark), can be preferably used. This non-combustible paper has excellent non-combustibility that does not penetrate a fire and heat-resistant shape retention.

  By sticking the ceramic paper 12 to the surface of the core material 11, it is possible to prevent the core material 11 from being heated during a fire and releasing the flammable gas generated immediately before combustion to the outside. Therefore, by using the ceramic paper 12, it is possible to prevent the core material 11 from burning, and it is possible to realize excellent fireproof performance. Note that in Patent Document 1 of the background art, a fireproof heat insulating agent or a fireproof heat insulating sheet containing a foaming agent, a carbonizing agent and a resin was used on the surface of the core material, but this is foamed by heat of fire to form a foam layer ( It is for forming a heat insulating layer) and is not for shutting off the flammable gas generated from the core material 11 in the case of a fire such as the ceramic paper 12.

  It is preferable that at least one of the corner portions C of the core material 11 at the portion to which the ceramic paper 12 is attached is formed to have an obtuse angle. Although the ceramic paper 12 is flexible, if it is bent at an acute angle, it may be damaged by cracking due to heating due to fire. When the ceramic paper 12 is damaged such as cracked, the combustible gas generated by heating the core material 11 may be released to the outside. By forming the corner C to which the ceramic paper 12 is attached to an obtuse angle, it is possible to prevent the ceramic paper 12 from being damaged during heating, and it is possible to reliably prevent the flammable gas from being released to the outside.

  It is preferable to form obtuse angles at all corners of the core material 11 to which the ceramic paper 12 is attached. However, some corners may be formed obtuse and the other may be formed at right angles, for example, depending on the shape and the like. In the figure, an example is shown in which two corner portions of the door stop (door stop member 22) on which the door 2 hits are formed at right angles, and the ceramic paper 12 is bent at right angles. Since the door 2 has the door 2, the flame is hard to hit, and it is hard to burn compared to the other corners C. Therefore, the corners close to the door 2 do not have to be obtuse angles. Further, as will be described later, since the ceramic paper 12 is provided with the fire-resistant heat-insulating coating layer 13 on the surface, the fire-proof heat-insulating coating layer 13 foams into a heat-insulating layer at the time of fire and heat is applied to the ceramic paper 12. It is difficult to break. Therefore, the ceramic paper 12 does not need to have a partly obtuse angle. Further, as will be described later, in the case where the heating foaming agent 42 is provided at the end of the door 2, the door-contact portion is more difficult to burn and the flame does not penetrate. In this case, the corners close to the door 2 do not have to be obtuse because they are further protected from heat. Further, other protective structure may be added to the non-obtuse corner portion.

  The ceramic paper 12 has a foldable thickness and is as thick as possible. For example, the ceramic paper 12 has a thickness of 0.2 to 1.0 mm, preferably 0.4 to 0.6 mm. A plurality of ceramic papers 12 may be laminated and attached.

  On the surface of the ceramic paper 12, a fireproof heat insulating coating layer 13 is provided, and on the surface of the fireproof heat insulating coating layer 13, a decorative layer 14 is provided.

  The fireproof heat insulating coating layer 13 is made of a fireproof heat insulating agent or a fireproof heat insulating sheet containing a foaming agent, a carbonizing agent and a resin. Examples of the foaming agent include ammonium polyphosphate, ammonium phosphate, melamine phosphate, melamine and urea. Examples of the carbonizing agent include polyhydric alcohols, dextrins and sugars. Examples of the resin include acrylic resin and vinyl acetate resin.

  The refractory heat insulating agent may contain a pigment, a solvent, etc. in addition to the foaming agent, the carbonizing agent and the resin. Examples of the pigment include a color pigment such as titanium oxide and an extender pigment. Further, as the solvent, an organic solvent such as xylene or alcohol, or water can be mentioned.

  Such a fireproof heat insulating agent contains a foaming agent, a carbonizing agent, and a resin, and is generally sold as a fireproof heat insulating paint and used as a fireproof paint for main structural parts of various steel structures. . For example, Nullifier (registered trademark; manufactured by Toho Leo Co., Ltd.), SK Taika Coat (registered trademark; manufactured by SK Kaken Co., Ltd.), GC fire-resistant paint (trade name; manufactured by Glow Chemical Co., Ltd.) and the like can be used. The fire-resistant heat-insulating sheet contains a foaming agent, a carbonizing agent, and a resin. For example, a fire-resistant heat-insulating paint containing the foaming agent, the carbonizing agent, and a resin was held and cured in a sheet-like net made of glass fiber. Examples thereof include balsa sheet (trade name; manufactured by Glow Chemical Co., Ltd.).

  Some commercially available fireproof heat-insulating coatings have a plurality of fireproof heat-insulating coating layers, and in this case, the fireproof heat-insulating coating layer of the present invention includes all of the plurality of layers. For example, Nalifier (registered trademark) has a three-layer structure including a base coat, a middle coat, and a top coat. Alternatively, a balsa sheet (product name) may be attached and provided.

  The fire-resistant heat-insulating coating layer 13 starts foaming at the heat of a fire, for example, about 200 ° C. to 250 ° C., forms a dense foaming layer while carbonizing, and consequently expands to a volume of 20 to 40 times. , Becomes a heat insulating layer. Further, the fireproof heat insulating coating layer 13 reduces the inner temperature by at least 400 ° C. with respect to the outer surface temperature. That is, even if the surface of the fireproof heat-insulating coating layer 13 reaches about 900 ° C., the surface temperature of the ceramic paper 12 and the core material 11 inside the layer becomes 500 ° C. or less.

  When a decorative sheet is used for the decorative layer 14, the material is not particularly limited as long as it is formed of a flame-retardant resin sheet. If the decorative sheet provided on the surface of such a core material is coated or impregnated with a flame retardant containing at least a fireproofing agent, the fireproofing performance is further improved. The decorative sheet need not be impregnated with the flame retardant. When using a makeup paint for the makeup layer 14, a heat-resistant makeup paint may be used in addition to a general makeup paint, but since it is only for the purpose of makeup, a general makeup paint may be used. For example, in this embodiment, a urethane-based decorative paint is used as the decorative layer 14.

  The door 2 which is a fitting member of the present invention has a core material 31 made of paulownia wood and a ceramic paper 32 attached to the core material 31. Furthermore, it is preferable that a volcanic glass-based multi-layer plate 33 is provided on the outside of the ceramic paper 32. Further, a decorative layer 34 made of a decorative paint or a decorative sheet may be provided on the outer side of the volcanic vitreous multilayer plate 33. Although not shown, a fireproof heat insulating coating layer may be provided on the outside of the ceramic paper 32.

  It is preferable that the core material 31 is made of paulownia lumber as a main material (main material). As shown in the figure, it is preferable that the core material 31 is the above-mentioned three-layer irregular cross-bonded paulownia wood laminated material. In this case, as shown in the figure, the grain direction of the layers on both sides of the three-layer irregular cross-adhesion is parallel to the longitudinal surface of the core material 31 (door 2), and the three-layer irregular cross-adhesion is applied. The grain direction of the central layer is preferably formed in a direction orthogonal to the longitudinal surface of the core material 31. The core material 31 may be formed of a three-layer cross-bonded paulownia laminated material having the same thickness of three layers, or may be formed of another paulownia laminated material, if necessary. The grain direction, shape, size, combination method, and number of layers of each plate material constituting the laminated wood are arbitrary.

  The ceramic paper 32 may be provided on the entire surface of the core material 31, that is, the front and back surfaces. The ceramic paper 32 is similar to the ceramic paper 12, but since the door 2 is flat and has no portion to be bent, a thick paper can be used. For example, as the ceramic paper 32, one having a thickness of 0.5 to 3.0 mm, preferably 0.8 to 1.5 mm is used. A plurality of ceramic papers 32 may be laminated and attached. In addition, for example, in order to have a design, when the surface of the door 2 is provided with corners such as irregularities and is not a flat surface, it is preferable that the angle at which the ceramic paper 32 is attached is made obtuse.

  As described above, by sticking the ceramic paper 32 to the surface of the core material 31, it is possible to prevent the core material 31 from being heated during a fire and releasing the flammable gas generated immediately before combustion to the outside. Therefore, excellent fireproof performance can be realized.

  The volcanic glassy multi-layer plate 33 is a structural face material made of a volcanic glassy deposit material and mineral fibers, and for example, DAILIGHT (trade name, manufactured by Daiken Kogyo Co., Ltd.) can be used. It is preferable to use the volcanic glassy multi-layer plate 33 having a thickness of 3 mm or more. The volcanic glass-based multi-layer plate 33 may be provided on the entire surface of the core material 31, that is, the front and back surfaces.

  Since the volcanic glass-based multi-layer board has high fireproof performance, the door 2 has excellent fireproof performance.

  The decorative layer 34 is made of a decorative sheet or a decorative paint. When a decorative sheet is used for the decorative layer 34, the material is not particularly limited as long as it is formed of a flame-retardant resin sheet. If such a decorative sheet is coated or impregnated with a combustion retardant containing at least a fireproofing agent, the fireproofing performance is further improved. The decorative sheet need not be impregnated with the flame retardant. As the volcanic glass-based multi-layer plate 33, a dilite having a decorative sheet attached to its surface may be used.

  When a decorative paint is used for the makeup layer 34, a heat-resistant decorative paint may be used in addition to a general decorative paint, but a general decorative paint may be used for the purpose of makeup.

  It is preferable that the door 2 is provided with a heating foaming agent 42 at an end portion facing the frame 1 to be attached. For example, as shown in the figure, a groove 41 is formed in an end portion of the core material 31 of the door 2, and the groove 41 is filled with the heating foaming agent 42.

  The heating foaming agent 42 is foamed (expanded) by heat when a fire occurs. The heating foaming agent 42 is, for example, a graphite-based foaming agent that is a refractory material that foams to a volume of about 30 times when heated to about 250 ° C.

  When the fire foaming agent 42 foams at the time of fire, the gap between the frame 1 and the door 2 is completely sealed with the foaming heat foaming agent 42. As a result, it is possible to prevent the flame from passing through the gap between the frame 1 and the door 2, and the fireproof performance is excellent. Further, since the right-angled portion of the door of the frame 1 is covered with the foaming heating foaming agent 42, the ceramic paper 12 is less likely to be damaged by heat. This right-angled portion is covered by the foaming of the refractory heat insulating coating layer 13, so that it is more difficult to be damaged by heat.

  In the frame 1, an example in which the fireproof heat insulating coating layer 13 is provided on the surface of the ceramic paper 12 has been described, but the fireproof heat insulating coating layer 13 may not be provided and may be omitted depending on the necessity of fireproof performance. Further, in the door 2, the example in which the volcanic glass-based multi-layer board 33 is provided on the surface of the ceramic paper 32 has been described, but the volcanic glass-based multi-layer board 33 is not provided and omitted depending on the necessity of fire prevention performance. You may do it. Further, although the volcanic glass-based multi-layer plate 33 used for the door 2 is hard and inflexible, it is formed in a shape that fits the frame 1 and is provided on the outside of the ceramic paper 12. Good.

  The frame 1 and the door 2 having the structures shown in FIGS. The ceramic paper 12 of the frame 1 had a thickness of 0.4 mm, and the ceramic paper 32 of the door 2 had a thickness of 1.0 mm. The frame 1 and the door 2 were subjected to a combustion test at an average of about 900 ° C. based on the ISO standard. When one side was heated and burned, and the temperature of the opposite side was measured, it did not burn down even after about 60 minutes, and the temperature was kept below 100 ° C, and fire protection performance of 60 minutes or more was realized. . This is a result of showing extremely excellent fire protection performance that meets the requirements of the specific fire protection equipment (a fire does not ignite on a surface other than the heating surface for 1 hour against a flame due to a normal fire).

1 is a frame, 2 is a door (door), 8 is a lever, 11 is a core material, 12 is ceramic paper, 13 is a fireproof heat insulating coating layer, 14 is a decorative layer, 21 is a main frame member, 22 is a door stop member, 23 Is a wood screw, 31 is a core material, 32 is ceramic paper, 33 is a volcanic glass-based multi-layer board, 34 is a decorative layer, 41 is a groove, 42 is a heat-foaming agent, 91 is a wall material, C is a corner portion, FL. Is the floor line.

Claims (7)

  A fitting member comprising a core material made of paulownia wood and ceramic paper attached to the core material.   The fitting member according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the corner portions of the core material to which the ceramic paper is attached is formed to have an obtuse angle.   The joinery according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a fireproof heat-insulating coating layer made of a fireproof heat-insulating agent or a fireproof heat-insulating sheet containing a foaming agent, a carbonizing agent, and a resin is provided on the outside of the ceramic paper. Element.   The fitting member according to any one of claims 1 to 3, which is a frame to which a door is attached.   The joinery member according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a volcanic glassy multi-layer plate is provided on the outside of the ceramic paper.   The fitting member according to claim 5, which is a door. The fitting member according to claim 6, wherein the door is provided with a heat-foaming agent at an end facing a frame to which the door is attached.

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