JP2020060445A - Water meter - Google Patents

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JP2020060445A
JP2020060445A JP2018191773A JP2018191773A JP2020060445A JP 2020060445 A JP2020060445 A JP 2020060445A JP 2018191773 A JP2018191773 A JP 2018191773A JP 2018191773 A JP2018191773 A JP 2018191773A JP 2020060445 A JP2020060445 A JP 2020060445A
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flow rate
water
light
integrated flow
water meter
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JP6489343B1 (en
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章夫 信長
Akio Nobunaga
章夫 信長
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TOSHIN CORP
Toshin Inc
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TOSHIN CORP
Toshin Inc
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Abstract

To provide a water meter which transmits data of an integrated flow rate of water to the outside by using a small amount of power consumption, and which enables a meter reader to directly read a digital display part indicating the integrated flow rate of water using numbers, even in a situation when the data cannot be transmitted to the outside.SOLUTION: A water meter 10 includes: a flow rate display part 22; a transparent plate 24 covering the flow rate display part 22; an integrated flow rate detector 40 which is disposed on the transparent plate 24, and covers a circular plate 36 to enable visual recognition of a digital display part through the transparent plate 24; and a lid body 11. The flow rate display part 22 includes the digital display part which displays an integrated flow rate of water using numbers, and the circular plate 36 rotating according to the flow rate of water, on the basis of rotation of an impeller 18 when water passes. The lid body 11 can cover the transparent plate 24 together with the integrated flow rate detector 40. The integrated flow rate detector 40 calculates an integrated flow rate of water based on a rotation frequency of the circular plate 36, and transmits data of the calculated integrated flow rate of water to the outside.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

本発明は、水の積算流量のデータを外部に送信して、遠隔地でも水の使用量がわかる水道メータに関するものである。   TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a water meter that transmits data of an integrated flow rate of water to the outside so that the amount of water used can be known even in a remote place.

水道メータの検針員は、水道メータの表示部を読み取って、所定期間の水の使用量を算出している。しかし、施錠された領域内に水道メータがある場合等では、検針員が水道メータの表示部を読み取れないことがある。この課題を解決するため、水道メータの表示部をカメラで撮影し、取得した画像データを外部に送信するメータ装置が特許文献１に記載されている。   The meter reader of the water meter reads the display part of the water meter to calculate the amount of water used for a predetermined period. However, if there is a water meter in the locked area, the meter reader may not be able to read the display of the water meter. In order to solve this problem, Patent Document 1 describes a meter device that photographs a display unit of a water meter with a camera and transmits the acquired image data to the outside.

特許文献１に記載されたメータ装置によれば、蓋体のみを取り換えるだけで、遠隔管理が可能となる。しかしながら、カメラで撮影した画像データを外部に送信する場合、電力消費量が多くなってしまうため、電源が電池のときには、頻繁に電池を交換しなければならない。また、例えば、画像データを外部に送信するシステムが故障したとき等に、蓋体を開けるのが容易でなく、検針員が水道メータの表示部を直接読み取るのは困難である。   According to the meter device described in Patent Document 1, remote management can be performed by replacing only the lid. However, when the image data captured by the camera is transmitted to the outside, the power consumption increases, so that when the power source is a battery, the battery must be frequently replaced. In addition, for example, when the system for transmitting image data to the outside fails, it is difficult to open the lid, and it is difficult for the meter-reader to directly read the display of the water meter.

特許第５８８２５１９号公報Japanese Patent No. 5882519

本発明はこのような事情に鑑みてなされたものであり、少ない電力消費量で水の積算流量のデータを外部に送信でき、万が一、水の積算流量のデータが外部に送信できない状況になっても、検針員が水の積算流量を視認できる水道メータを提供することを目的とする。   The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and it is possible to transmit the data of the cumulative flow rate of water to the outside with a small amount of power consumption, and in the unlikely event that the data of the cumulative flow rate of the water cannot be transmitted to the outside. Also aims to provide a water meter in which the meter reader can visually check the cumulative flow rate of water.

本発明の水道メータは、水が通過するときの羽根車の回転に基づいて、水の積算流量を数字で表示するデジタル表示部および水の流量に応じて回転する回転板を備える流量表示部と、流量表示部を覆う透明板と、透明板上に設けられ、透明板を通してデジタル表示部が視認できるように回転板を覆う積算流量検出装置とを有し、積算流量検出装置が、回転板の回転数に基づいた水の積算流量を算出し、算出した水の積算流量のデータを外部に送信する。   The water meter of the present invention is based on the rotation of the impeller when water passes through, and a flow rate display section that includes a digital display section that displays the cumulative flow rate of water in numbers and a rotating plate that rotates according to the flow rate of water. A transparent plate that covers the flow rate display unit, and an integrated flow rate detection device that is provided on the transparent plate and covers the rotary plate so that the digital display unit can be visually seen through the transparent plate. The integrated flow rate of water is calculated based on the rotation speed, and the calculated integrated flow rate of water is transmitted to the outside.

本発明の水道メータは、流量表示部の回転板の回転数に基づいた水の積算流量のデータを外部に送信するので、画像データを外部に送信する水道メータと比べて電力消費量が少ない。また、水の積算流量を数字で表示するデジタル表示部が視認できるように積算流量検出装置が設けられているため、検針員がデジタル表示部を直接読み取ることもできる。   Since the water meter of the present invention transmits the data of the integrated flow rate of water based on the number of rotations of the rotating plate of the flow rate display unit to the outside, it consumes less power than the water meter that transmits the image data to the outside. Further, since the integrated flow rate detection device is provided so that the digital display section for displaying the integrated flow rate of water by numbers can be visually recognized, the meter-reader can directly read the digital display section.

実施形態の水道メータの斜視図。The perspective view of the water meter of embodiment. 実施形態の水道メータの上面図。The top view of the water meter of embodiment. 図２の水道メータの縦断面図。FIG. 3 is a vertical sectional view of the water meter of FIG. 2. 実施形態の水道メータの蓋体を取った平面図。The top view which removed the lid of the water meter of the embodiment. 図４の水道メータの縦断面図。FIG. 5 is a vertical sectional view of the water meter of FIG. 4. 実施形態の水道メータの流量表示部の上面図。The top view of the flow rate display part of the water meter of embodiment. 実施形態の水道メータの円板の上面図。The top view of the disk of the water meter of embodiment. 実施形態の水道メータの積算流量検出装置のシステム構成を示すブロック図。The block diagram which shows the system configuration of the integrated flow rate detection device of the water meter of the embodiment. 実施形態の水道メータの検針時のフローチャート。The flowchart at the time of meter-reading of the water meter of embodiment. 実施形態の水道メータに用いられる漏水検知部の動作を示すフローチャート。The flowchart which shows operation | movement of the water leak detection part used for the water meter of embodiment.

以下、本発明の水道メータについて、図面を参照しながら実施形態に基づいて説明する。なお、図面は、水道メータ、水道メータの構成部材、および水道メータの周辺部材を模式的に表したものであり、これらの実物の寸法および寸法比は、図面上の寸法および寸法比と必ずしも一致していない。また、重複説明は適宜省略する。図１は、本発明の実施形態に係る水道メータ１０を示している。図２は、蓋体１１を閉じたときの水道メータ１０の上面図である。図３は、図２に示す水道メータ１０をＡ−Ａ線で切断したときの断面図である。図４は、蓋体１１を除去したときの水道メータ１０の上面図である。図５は、図４に示す水道メータ１０をＢ−Ｂ線で切断したときの断面図である。   Hereinafter, a water meter of the present invention will be described based on embodiments with reference to the drawings. It should be noted that the drawings schematically show the water meter, the components of the water meter, and the peripheral members of the water meter, and the dimensions and the dimensional ratios of these actual products are not necessarily the same as the dimensions and the dimensional ratios in the drawing. I haven't done it. Further, the duplicate description will be omitted as appropriate. FIG. 1 shows a water meter 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a top view of the water meter 10 when the lid 11 is closed. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the water meter 10 shown in FIG. 2 taken along the line AA. FIG. 4 is a top view of the water meter 10 with the lid 11 removed. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the water meter 10 shown in FIG. 4 taken along the line BB.

水道メータ１０は、下部容器１２と上部容器１４を備えている。下部容器１２内の計量部１６には、羽根車１８とマグネット２０が設けられている。計量部１６は水道水の流路でもある。計量部１６を通過する水道水の流量の増減に応じて、羽根車１８の回転速度も増減する。マグネット２０は、羽根車１８の回転軸１８ａの上部に設けられており、羽根車１８の回転に応じて回転する。上部容器１４内には、流量表示部２２と、透明板２４と、マグネット２６と、歯車２８と、複数の数字車３０と、減速歯車３２が設けられている。   The water meter 10 includes a lower container 12 and an upper container 14. An impeller 18 and a magnet 20 are provided in the measuring unit 16 inside the lower container 12. The measuring unit 16 is also a flow path for tap water. The rotational speed of the impeller 18 also increases / decreases as the flow rate of tap water passing through the metering unit 16 increases / decreases. The magnet 20 is provided above the rotary shaft 18 a of the impeller 18, and rotates according to the rotation of the impeller 18. Inside the upper container 14, a flow rate display unit 22, a transparent plate 24, a magnet 26, a gear 28, a plurality of numeral wheels 30, and a reduction gear 32 are provided.

図６は、流量表示部２２の上面を示している。流量表示部２２は、デジタル表示部３４と、回転板である円板３６を備えている。回転板は円板以外の形状を備えていてもよい。デジタル表示部３４は、水道水が計量部１６を通過するときの羽根車１８の回転に基づいて、水の積算流量を数字で表示する。円板３６は、水道水が計量部１６を通過するときの羽根車１８の回転、すなわち水の流量に応じて回転する。本実施形態では、円板３６は、水が１０Ｌ流れると１回転する。透明板２４は、流量表示部２２を覆う透明の板状部材で、例えばガラス製である。   FIG. 6 shows the upper surface of the flow rate display unit 22. The flow rate display unit 22 includes a digital display unit 34 and a disc 36 that is a rotating plate. The rotating plate may have a shape other than a disc. The digital display unit 34 displays the cumulative flow rate of water in numbers based on the rotation of the impeller 18 when the tap water passes through the metering unit 16. The disk 36 rotates according to the rotation of the impeller 18 when the tap water passes through the metering unit 16, that is, the flow rate of the water. In this embodiment, the disk 36 rotates once when 10 L of water flows. The transparent plate 24 is a transparent plate member that covers the flow rate display unit 22, and is made of, for example, glass.

マグネット２６は、マグネット２０と対向するようにマグネット２０の上方に設けられており、マグネット２０の回転に応じて回転する。歯車２８は、マグネット２６の回転と連動するように、マグネット２６に取り付けられている。このため、水道水の計量部１６の通過によって羽根車１８が回転すると、この回転に応じて歯車２８も回転する。なお、マグネット２０，２６を設けずに、歯車２８が羽根車１８と一体に回転するように、歯車２８と羽根車１８が連結されていてもよい。   The magnet 26 is provided above the magnet 20 so as to face the magnet 20, and rotates according to the rotation of the magnet 20. The gear 28 is attached to the magnet 26 so as to interlock with the rotation of the magnet 26. Therefore, when the impeller 18 rotates due to the passage of the tap water measuring unit 16, the gear 28 also rotates in response to the rotation. The gear 28 and the impeller 18 may be connected so that the gear 28 rotates integrally with the impeller 18 without providing the magnets 20 and 26.

数字車３０の側面には、０から９の数字が表示されている。すなわち、数字車３０の回転に伴って、デジタル表示部３４に表示される数値が変化する。歯車２８と数字車３０の間には、複数の歯車から構成される減速用歯車列が設けられている。この減速用歯車列は、回転速度を変えながら、歯車２８から数字車３０に回転運動を伝達している。すなわち、羽根車１８の回転運動は、マグネット２０，２６、歯車２８、および減速用歯車列を介して、数字車３０に伝達される。このため、デジタル表示部３４は、水道水が計量部１６を通過するときの羽根車１８の回転に基づいて、水の積算流量を数字で表示できる。   The numbers 0 to 9 are displayed on the side surface of the numeral wheel 30. That is, the numerical value displayed on the digital display unit 34 changes as the numeral wheel 30 rotates. A reduction gear train including a plurality of gears is provided between the gear 28 and the numeral wheel 30. The deceleration gear train transmits the rotational movement from the gear 28 to the numeral wheel 30 while changing the rotation speed. That is, the rotational movement of the impeller 18 is transmitted to the numeral wheel 30 via the magnets 20, 26, the gear 28, and the reduction gear train. For this reason, the digital display unit 34 can display the cumulative flow rate of water as a number based on the rotation of the impeller 18 when the tap water passes through the metering unit 16.

減速歯車３２は、上記の減速用歯車列を構成する一つの歯車である。減速歯車３２の中心の回転軸３２ａは円板３６と連結されており、減速歯車３２の回転と連動して円板３６も回転する。すなわち、羽根車１８の回転運動は、マグネット２０，２６、歯車２８、および減速用歯車列を構成する減速歯車３２を介して、円板３６に伝達される。このため、円板３６は、水道水が計量部１６を通過するときの羽根車１８の回転、すなわち水の流量に応じて回転できる。   The reduction gear 32 is one gear that constitutes the above-described reduction gear train. The rotation shaft 32a at the center of the reduction gear 32 is connected to the disc 36, and the disc 36 also rotates in conjunction with the rotation of the reduction gear 32. That is, the rotational movement of the impeller 18 is transmitted to the disk 36 via the magnets 20 and 26, the gear 28, and the reduction gear 32 that constitutes the reduction gear train. Therefore, the disc 36 can rotate according to the rotation of the impeller 18 when the tap water passes through the metering unit 16, that is, the flow rate of the water.

水道メータ１０は、積算流量検出装置４０と蓋体１１を備えている。積算流量検出装置４０は、透明板２４上と上部容器１４の側方にわたって設けられ、透明板２４を通してデジタル表示部３４が視認できるように円板３６を覆っている。このため、積算流量検出装置４０が使用できないときでも、検針員がデジタル表示部３４を直接読み取れる。なお、積算流量検出装置４０は、透明板２４上にのみ設けられていてもよい。積算流量検出装置４０は、円板３６の回転数に基づいた水の積算流量を算出し、算出した水の積算流量のデータを外部に送信する。このため、少ない消費電力で、水道の使用量が遠隔管理できる。   The water meter 10 includes an integrated flow rate detection device 40 and a lid 11. The integrated flow rate detection device 40 is provided on the transparent plate 24 and laterally of the upper container 14, and covers the disc 36 so that the digital display portion 34 can be visually recognized through the transparent plate 24. Therefore, even when the integrated flow rate detection device 40 cannot be used, the meter-reader can directly read the digital display unit 34. The integrated flow rate detection device 40 may be provided only on the transparent plate 24. The integrated flow rate detection device 40 calculates the integrated flow rate of water based on the rotation speed of the disk 36, and transmits the calculated integrated flow rate of water to the outside. Therefore, the amount of water used can be remotely controlled with low power consumption.

蓋体１１は、閉状態と開状態が切り替えられる。閉状態では、蓋体１１は、積算流量検出装置４０と併せて透明板２４を覆う。開状態では、透明板２４を通してデジタル表示部３４が視認できる。蓋体１１は、例えば樹脂製で、端部が上部容器１４に固定されており、ヒンジ機構によって、閉状態と開状態が切り替えられる。なお、蓋体１１が透明または半透明の部材で構成されていれば、閉状態でもデジタル表示部３４が視認できる。   The lid 11 is switched between a closed state and an open state. In the closed state, the lid 11 covers the transparent plate 24 together with the integrated flow rate detection device 40. In the open state, the digital display section 34 can be visually recognized through the transparent plate 24. The lid 11 is made of resin, for example, and has an end fixed to the upper container 14, and a hinge mechanism switches between a closed state and an open state. If the lid 11 is made of a transparent or translucent member, the digital display unit 34 can be visually recognized even in the closed state.

積算流量検出装置４０は、筐体４４と、回路基板４６と、光センサ窓４８を備えている。筐体４４は、積算流量検出装置４０の各種部品を収納する。回路基板４６には、制御手段であるマイクロプロセッサ５０と、取付基板５１に取り付けられ、マイクロプロセッサ５０に接続された光源５２，５３および光センサ５４，５５と、電池などの電源５６と、無線機５８が搭載されている。なお、電源５６は家庭用電源であってもよい。この場合、家庭用電源からの給電線を回路基板４６に接続する。   The integrated flow rate detection device 40 includes a housing 44, a circuit board 46, and an optical sensor window 48. The housing 44 houses various components of the integrated flow rate detection device 40. The circuit board 46 includes a microprocessor 50 as a control unit, light sources 52 and 53 and optical sensors 54 and 55 attached to the attachment substrate 51 and connected to the microprocessor 50, a power source 56 such as a battery, and a wireless device. 58 is mounted. The power source 56 may be a household power source. In this case, the power supply line from the household power supply is connected to the circuit board 46.

図３において、光源５３は、光源５２と重なるように、光源５２の奥で取付基板５１に取り付けられている。同様に、光センサ５５は、光センサ５４と重なるように、光センサ５４の奥で取付基板５１に取り付けられている。本実施形態では、円板３６が平坦な上面３６ａを備え、上面３６ａの一部に光反射面６０が設けられている。光源５２，５３は、上面３６ａの２か所の固定地点に光をそれぞれ照射する。なお、上面３６ａの２か所の固定地点に光を照射できれば、光源は１つでもよい。また、１つまたは複数の光源が、上面３６ａの３地点以上に光を照射してもよい。   In FIG. 3, the light source 53 is mounted on the mounting substrate 51 at the back of the light source 52 so as to overlap with the light source 52. Similarly, the optical sensor 55 is mounted on the mounting substrate 51 at the back of the optical sensor 54 so as to overlap with the optical sensor 54. In the present embodiment, the disc 36 has a flat upper surface 36a, and the light reflecting surface 60 is provided on a part of the upper surface 36a. The light sources 52 and 53 irradiate light onto two fixed points on the upper surface 36a, respectively. It should be noted that the number of light sources may be one as long as the light can be emitted to the two fixed points on the upper surface 36a. In addition, one or more light sources may irradiate light onto three or more points on the upper surface 36a.

光センサ５４，５５は、上面３６ａの２か所の固定地点である２地点で反射された光をそれぞれ検知する。すなわち、光センサ５４，５５は、２か所の回転しない固定地点である光の反射地点６２，６４に光反射面６０が存在するとき、光反射面６０で反射された光源５２，５３からの光をそれぞれ検知する。一方、光の反射地点６２，６４に光反射面６０が存在しないときは、光源５２，５３からの光が上面３６ａでほとんど反射されず、光センサ５４，５５は光源５２，５３からの光を検知しない。   The optical sensors 54 and 55 detect the light reflected at two fixed points on the upper surface 36a. That is, when the light reflecting surfaces 60 are present at the light reflecting points 62 and 64, which are two fixed points that do not rotate, the light sensors 54 and 55 emit light from the light sources 52 and 53 reflected by the light reflecting surfaces 60. Detect each light. On the other hand, when the light reflection surface 60 does not exist at the light reflection points 62 and 64, the light from the light sources 52 and 53 is hardly reflected on the upper surface 36a, and the optical sensors 54 and 55 detect the light from the light sources 52 and 53. Not detected.

したがって、光センサ５４が光を検知すれば、光の反射地点６２に光反射面６０が存在すると判断でき、光センサ５４が光を検知しなければ、光の反射地点６２に光反射面６０が存在しないと判断できる。同様に、光センサ５５が光を検知すれば、光の反射地点６４に光反射面６０が存在すると判断でき、光センサ５５が光を検知しなければ、光の反射地点６４に光反射面６０が存在しないと判断できる。なお、３つ以上の光センサを設け、この３つ以上の光センサが、上面３６ａの３か所以上の固定地点での反射光を検知してもよい。   Therefore, if the light sensor 54 detects light, it can be determined that the light reflection surface 60 exists at the light reflection point 62. If the light sensor 54 does not detect light, the light reflection surface 60 exists at the light reflection point 62. It can be judged that it does not exist. Similarly, if the light sensor 55 detects light, it can be determined that the light reflection surface 60 exists at the light reflection point 64. If the light sensor 55 does not detect light, the light reflection surface 60 exists at the light reflection point 64. Can be determined to not exist. In addition, three or more optical sensors may be provided, and the three or more optical sensors may detect reflected light at three or more fixed points on the upper surface 36a.

マイクロプロセッサ５０は、光センサ５４，５５の光の検知に基づいて、円板３６の正逆の回転方向を判定するとともに、円板３６の通算正回転数を算出し、通算正回転数に基づいて水の積算流量のデータを作成する。光センサ５４，５５で円板３６の正逆の回転方向を判定する仕組みは後述する。光センサ窓４８は、例えば石英から作製され、筐体４４の下面に形成された開口部に装着されている。すなわち、光センサ窓４８は、光源５２，５３の光照射面および光センサ５４，５５の受光面と透明板２４の間に配置されている。このため、透明な光センサ窓４８を通して、光センサ５４，５５を正確に動作させられる。   The microprocessor 50 determines the forward and reverse rotation directions of the disk 36 based on the detection of light from the optical sensors 54 and 55, calculates the total positive rotation speed of the disk 36, and based on the total positive rotation speed. Data of accumulated water flow is created. The mechanism for determining the forward and reverse rotation directions of the disk 36 by the optical sensors 54 and 55 will be described later. The optical sensor window 48 is made of, for example, quartz, and is attached to an opening formed on the lower surface of the housing 44. That is, the optical sensor window 48 is arranged between the light emitting surfaces of the light sources 52 and 53 and the light receiving surfaces of the optical sensors 54 and 55 and the transparent plate 24. Therefore, the optical sensors 54 and 55 can be operated accurately through the transparent optical sensor window 48.

積算流量検出装置４０は、漏水検知部をさらに備えていてもよい。漏水検知部は、筐体４４内または筐体４４外に設けられた加速度センサを備えている。この加速度センサは、水道管の漏水に伴う水道メータ１０の振動を検知する。図１０は、漏水検知部の動作を示している。まず、加速度センサが振動を検知する。そして、光センサ５４，５５で円板３６の回転を検出したら、自身の水道メータからの振動であると判定する。一方、光センサ５４，５５で円板３６の回転を検出しなかったら、自身の水道メータより上流側の水道管より漏水があると判定する。   The integrated flow rate detection device 40 may further include a water leak detection unit. The water leak detection unit includes an acceleration sensor provided inside the housing 44 or outside the housing 44. This acceleration sensor detects the vibration of the water meter 10 due to the water leak of the water pipe. FIG. 10 shows the operation of the water leak detection unit. First, the acceleration sensor detects vibration. When the optical sensors 54 and 55 detect the rotation of the disk 36, it is determined that the vibration is from the water meter of its own. On the other hand, if the optical sensors 54 and 55 do not detect the rotation of the disk 36, it is determined that there is water leakage from the water pipe upstream of the water meter of the user.

こうして検知された漏水情報は、マイクロプロセッサ５０によって、データとして外部に送信してもよいし、水道メータ１０の警告音等などによって使用者に喚起してもよい。水道メータで水の使用量を常時監視して漏水の有無を判定する漏水検知方法では、水道メータより下流の宅内の漏水しか検知できないが、本方式では、水道メータより上流の本管などの水道管からの漏水が検知できる。   The water leak information thus detected may be transmitted to the outside as data by the microprocessor 50, or may be evoked to the user by a warning sound of the water meter 10 or the like. The water leak detection method that constantly monitors the amount of water used by the water meter to determine the presence of water leaks can only detect water leaks inside the home downstream of the water meter. Water leakage from the pipe can be detected.

図７は円板３６の上面図である。円板３６は平坦な上面３６ａを備え、上面３６ａの一部に光反射面６０が設けられている。円板３６は、中心を回転軸として回転する。また、円板３６には針６６が設けられている。針６６は円板３６に形成された貫通孔である。なお、針６６は、肉眼で認識できる形状や色彩を備えていればよく、貫通孔でなくてもよい。貫通孔以外の針を設ける場合、針が光源５２，５３からの光を、ほとんど反射しないようにする。   FIG. 7 is a top view of the disc 36. The disc 36 has a flat upper surface 36a, and a light reflecting surface 60 is provided on a part of the upper surface 36a. The disc 36 rotates about the center of rotation. The disk 36 is provided with a needle 66. The needle 66 is a through hole formed in the disc 36. The needle 66 need only have a shape and color that can be recognized by the naked eye, and need not be a through hole. When a needle other than the through hole is provided, the needle hardly reflects the light from the light sources 52 and 53.

流量表示部２２の円板３６の周囲には、１０本の目盛６８が設けられている。水が１０Ｌ流れると円板３６が１回転するので、目盛６８の１つ分は１Ｌの水量に相当する。積算流量検出装置４０を取り外して、針６６が指す目盛６８の位置または目盛６８の間の位置を、透明板２４を通して視認すれば、水の積算流量のＬ単位の数値、すなわちｍ３換算で小数第三位の数値がわかる。本実施形態では、２つの光の反射地点６２，６４と円板３６の回転軸とのなす角が９０°であり、針６６部分を含まない光反射面６０の形状が半円形である。２つの光の反射地点６２，６４は、光源５２，５３が円板３６の上面３６ａに光を照射する２つの光の照射地点でもある。 Ten scales 68 are provided around the disk 36 of the flow rate display unit 22. When 10 L of water flows, the disk 36 rotates once, so that one scale 68 corresponds to 1 L of water. If the integrated flow rate detection device 40 is removed and the position of the scale 68 pointed by the needle 66 or the position between the scales 68 is visually observed through the transparent plate 24, a numerical value in L unit of the integrated flow rate of water, that is, a decimal number in m 3 conversion. You can see the third digit. In the present embodiment, the angle formed by the two light reflection points 62 and 64 and the rotation axis of the disk 36 is 90 °, and the shape of the light reflection surface 60 that does not include the needle 66 portion is semicircular. The two light reflection points 62 and 64 are also two light irradiation points where the light sources 52 and 53 irradiate the upper surface 36 a of the disk 36 with light.

このように、円板３６の回転軸と２つの光の反射地点６２，６４とのなす角が９０〜１００°であり、光反射面６０をすべて含む中心角が最小の扇形の中心角が１６０〜２００°であることが好ましい。２つの四分円のそれぞれの中心付近に２つの光の反射地点６２，６４を設定できる上、円板３６の上面３６ａにおいて、光が反射する部分の面積と、光がほとんど反射しない面積の両方を大きくできるからである。つまり、円板３６の回転軸と２つの光の反射地点６２，６４とのなす角が９０〜１００°であり、光反射面６０をすべて含む中心角が最小の扇形の中心角が１６０〜２００°であれば、光センサ５４，５５は、円板３６の正逆の回転方向の判定を誤りにくい。   As described above, the angle formed by the rotation axis of the disc 36 and the two light reflection points 62 and 64 is 90 to 100 °, and the central angle of the fan shape having the minimum central angle including all the light reflection surfaces 60 is 160. It is preferably ˜200 °. Two light reflection points 62 and 64 can be set near the center of each of the two quadrants, and both the area of the part where the light is reflected and the area where the light is hardly reflected on the upper surface 36a of the disc 36. Because it can be increased. That is, the angle formed by the rotation axis of the disk 36 and the two light reflection points 62 and 64 is 90 to 100 °, and the central angle of the fan shape having the smallest central angle including all the light reflection surfaces 60 is 160 to 200. When the angle is °, the optical sensors 54 and 55 are unlikely to make an error in determining the forward and reverse rotation directions of the disk 36.

つぎに、光センサ５４，５５によって、円板３６の正逆の回転方向が判定される仕組みについて説明する。水道水が正常な方向に流れるときの円板３６の回転方向、例えば時計回りを正回転とし、正回転と反対方向の円板３６の回転方向、例えば反時計回りを逆回転とする。図７は、円板３６の初期状態を示している。このとき、光源５２，５３からの光が上面３６ａに照射されると、光の反射地点６２，６４での反射光は、光センサ５４，５５で検知される。この状態から円板３６が時計回りに９０°回転すると、光の反射地点６２での反射光は光センサ５４で検知されず，光の反射地点６４での反射光は光センサ５５で検知される。   Next, a mechanism in which the optical sensors 54 and 55 determine the forward and reverse rotation directions of the disk 36 will be described. When the tap water flows in the normal direction, the rotation direction of the disk 36, for example, clockwise is defined as the forward rotation, and the rotation direction of the disk 36 in the direction opposite to the normal rotation, for example, the counterclockwise direction is defined as the reverse rotation. FIG. 7 shows the initial state of the disc 36. At this time, when the light from the light sources 52 and 53 is applied to the upper surface 36a, the light reflected at the light reflection points 62 and 64 is detected by the optical sensors 54 and 55. When the disk 36 rotates clockwise by 90 ° from this state, the reflected light at the light reflection point 62 is not detected by the optical sensor 54, and the reflected light at the light reflection point 64 is detected by the optical sensor 55. .

さらに、円板３６が時計回りに９０°回転すると、つまり、初期状態から円板３６が時計回りに１８０°回転すると、光の反射地点６２，６４での反射光は、光センサ５４，５５でそれぞれ検知されない。さらに、円板３６が時計回りに９０°回転すると、つまり、初期状態から円板３６が時計回りに２７０°回転すると、光の反射地点６２での反射光は光センサ５４で検知され、光の反射地点６４での反射光は光センサ５５で検知されない。さらに、円板３６が時計回りに９０°回転すると、初期状態に戻り、光の反射地点６２，６４での反射光は、光センサ５４，５５で検知される。   Further, when the disc 36 rotates clockwise by 90 °, that is, when the disc 36 rotates clockwise by 180 ° from the initial state, the reflected light at the light reflection points 62, 64 is reflected by the optical sensors 54, 55. Not detected respectively. Further, when the disc 36 rotates clockwise by 90 °, that is, when the disc 36 rotates clockwise by 270 ° from the initial state, the light reflected at the light reflection point 62 is detected by the optical sensor 54 and the light is reflected. The light reflected at the reflection point 64 is not detected by the optical sensor 55. Further, when the disc 36 is rotated clockwise by 90 °, it returns to the initial state, and the light reflected at the light reflection points 62 and 64 is detected by the optical sensors 54 and 55.

一方、初期状態から円板３６が反時計回りに９０°回転すると、光の反射地点６２での反射光は光センサ５４で検知され、光の反射地点６４での反射光は光センサ５５で検知されない。さらに、円板３６が反時計回りに９０°回転すると、つまり、初期状態から円板３６が反時計回りに１８０°回転すると、光の反射地点６２，６４での反射光は、光センサ５４，５５でそれぞれ検知されない。   On the other hand, when the disc 36 rotates counterclockwise 90 ° from the initial state, the reflected light at the light reflection point 62 is detected by the optical sensor 54, and the reflected light at the light reflection point 64 is detected by the optical sensor 55. Not done. Further, when the disc 36 rotates counterclockwise by 90 °, that is, when the disc 36 rotates counterclockwise by 180 ° from the initial state, the reflected light at the light reflection points 62, 64 is reflected by the optical sensors 54, 64. No detection at 55.

さらに、円板３６が反時計回りに９０°回転すると、つまり、初期状態から円板３６が反時計回りに２７０°回転すると、光の反射地点６２での反射光は光センサ５４で検知されず、光の反射地点６４での反射光は光センサ５５で検知される。さらに、円板３６が時計回りに９０°回転すると、初期状態に戻り、光の反射地点６２，６４での反射光は、光センサ５４，５５で検知される。   Further, when the disc 36 rotates counterclockwise by 90 °, that is, when the disc 36 rotates counterclockwise by 270 ° from the initial state, the light reflected at the light reflection point 62 is not detected by the optical sensor 54. The light reflected at the light reflection point 64 is detected by the optical sensor 55. Further, when the disc 36 is rotated clockwise by 90 °, it returns to the initial state, and the light reflected at the light reflection points 62 and 64 is detected by the optical sensors 54 and 55.

このように、光センサ５４，５５が反射光を検知するかしないかの組み合わせと順番によって、すなわち、光センサ５４，５５での反射光の検知の位相差が＋９０°か−９０°かによって、マイクロプロセッサ５０は円板３６の回転方向を判定する。また、光センサ５４，５５が反射光を検知するかしないかの組み合わせと順番の繰り返し回数によって、マイクロプロセッサ５０は円板３６の正回転数と逆回転数を算出する。さらに、マイクロプロセッサ５０は、正回転数を加算し、逆回転数を減算することによって、正逆回転数を積算し、円板３６の通算正回転数を算出する。   Thus, depending on the combination and order of whether or not the optical sensors 54 and 55 detect reflected light, that is, depending on whether the phase difference of the reflected light detection by the optical sensors 54 and 55 is + 90 ° or −90 °, The microprocessor 50 determines the rotation direction of the disc 36. Further, the microprocessor 50 calculates the normal rotation speed and the reverse rotation speed of the disk 36 based on the combination of whether or not the optical sensors 54 and 55 detect the reflected light and the number of times the sequence is repeated. Further, the microprocessor 50 adds up the normal rotation speeds and subtracts the reverse rotation speeds to integrate the normal rotation speeds and calculate the total positive rotation speed of the disk 36.

マイクロプロセッサ５０は、円板３６の通算正回転数に基づいて水の積算流量のデータを作成する。例えば、所定の期間で、通算で円板３６が９８７６回転半だけ正回転すれば、水の積算流量は、１０Ｌ／回転×９８７６．５回転＝９８７６５Ｌ＝９８．７６５ｍ３となる。なお、２つの光センサ５２，５４によって円板３６の通算正回転数が算出できれば、光反射面６０の形状は特に制限がない。 The microprocessor 50 creates data on the cumulative flow rate of water based on the total positive rotation speed of the disk 36. For example, if the disk 36 makes a positive rotation of 9876 rotations and a half in a predetermined period, the cumulative flow rate of water is 10 L / revolution × 9876.5 revolutions = 98765 L = 98.765 m 3 . The shape of the light reflection surface 60 is not particularly limited as long as the total positive rotation speed of the disk 36 can be calculated by the two optical sensors 52 and 54.

図８は、積算流量検出装置４０のシステム構成を示している。マイクロプロセッサ５０は、測定部７０と、記憶部７２と、演算部７４と、送信部７６を備えている。測定部７０は、光センサ５４，５５からの光反射検知情報に基づいて、円板３６の正逆の各回転方向を判定するとともに、各回転方向の回転数を測定する。記憶部７２は、円板３６の正逆の各回転方向の回転数を記憶する。   FIG. 8 shows the system configuration of the integrated flow rate detection device 40. The microprocessor 50 includes a measurement unit 70, a storage unit 72, a calculation unit 74, and a transmission unit 76. The measurement unit 70 determines the normal and reverse rotation directions of the disk 36 based on the light reflection detection information from the optical sensors 54 and 55, and measures the rotation speed in each rotation direction. The storage unit 72 stores the number of rotations of the disk 36 in each of the normal and reverse rotation directions.

演算部７４は、円板３６の正逆の各回転方向の回転数を記憶部７２から読み込み、円板３６の正回転数と逆回転数を積算し、通算正回転数を算出して、水の積算流量のデータを作成する。この水の積算流量のデータは記憶部７２で記憶される。送信部７６は、記憶部７２に記憶された水の積算流量のデータを、無線機５８を使って外部に送信する。なお、回路基板４６に接続された有線ケーブルを用いて、送信部７６が水の積算流量のデータを、外部に有線送信してもよい。この有線ケーブルは、例えば、建築物の壁に固定された流量表示装置に接続されており、この流量表示装置を視認して水の積算流量を把握することもできる。   The calculation unit 74 reads the rotation speeds of the disk 36 in the normal and reverse rotation directions from the storage unit 72, integrates the normal rotation speed and the reverse rotation speed of the disk 36, calculates the total forward rotation speed, and Create the accumulated flow rate data. The data of the integrated flow rate of water is stored in the storage unit 72. The transmission unit 76 transmits the data of the cumulative flow rate of water stored in the storage unit 72 to the outside using the wireless device 58. Note that the transmission unit 76 may transmit the data of the cumulative flow rate of water by wire using a wired cable connected to the circuit board 46 to the outside. This wired cable is connected to, for example, a flow rate display device fixed to the wall of a building, and the flow rate display device can be visually checked to grasp the cumulative flow rate of water.

図９は、水道メータ１０の検針時の動作を示している。水道メータ１０は以下のように動作する。まず、所定の周期、例えば４秒間隔で、２つの光センサ５４，５５で円板３６の上面３６ａの光反射を検知する（ＳＴＥＰ１）。つぎに、この検知結果に基づき、円板３６の正逆の各回転方向の回転数を記憶する（ＳＴＥＰ２）。そして、外部からの求めに応じて、または所定の周期でもしくは日時に、円板３６の正回転数と逆回転数を積算し、通算正回転数と水の積算流量を算出して、水の積算流量のデータを作成する（ＳＴＥＰ３）。最後に、各家庭の水の積算流量を集計し、これに基づいて水道料金の徴収事務等を行っているデータ管理場所に、水の積算流量のデータを送信する（ＳＴＥＰ４）。こうして、水の使用量が遠隔管理できる。   FIG. 9 shows the operation of the water meter 10 during meter reading. The water meter 10 operates as follows. First, the light reflection on the upper surface 36a of the disk 36 is detected by the two optical sensors 54 and 55 at a predetermined cycle, for example, at intervals of 4 seconds (STEP 1). Next, based on this detection result, the number of rotations of the disk 36 in each of the forward and reverse rotation directions is stored (STEP 2). Then, in response to a request from the outside, or at a predetermined cycle or at a date and time, the normal rotation speed and the reverse rotation speed of the disk 36 are integrated, and the total positive rotation speed and the integrated flow rate of water are calculated to obtain the water. Data of integrated flow rate is created (STEP 3). Finally, the cumulative flow rate of water of each household is totaled, and based on the total flow rate of water, the cumulative flow rate of water is transmitted to the data management location where water charge collection office work is performed (STEP 4). In this way, the amount of water used can be managed remotely.

１０ 水道メータ
１１ 蓋体
１２ 下部容器
１４ 上部容器
１６ 計量部
１８ 羽根車
１８ａ 回転軸
２０，２６ マグネット
２２ 流量表示部
２４ 透明板
２８ 歯車
３０ 数字車
３２ 減速歯車
３２ａ 回転軸
３４ デジタル表示部
３６ 円板
３６ａ 上面
４０ 積算流量検出装置
４４ 筐体
４６ 回路基板
４８ 光センサ窓
５０ マイクロプロセッサ
５１ 取付基板
５２，５３ 光源
５４，５５ 光センサ
５６ 電源
５８ 無線機
６０ 光反射面
６２，６４ 光の反射地点
６６ 針
６８ 目盛
７０ 測定部
７２ 記憶部
７４ 演算部
７６ 送信部 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Water meter 11 Lid body 12 Lower container 14 Upper container 16 Measuring part 18 Impeller 18a Rotating shaft 20,26 Magnet 22 Flow rate display part 24 Transparent plate 28 Gear 30 Numeric wheel 32 Reduction gear 32a Rotating shaft 34 Digital display part 36 Disc 36a Upper surface 40 Integrated flow rate detection device 44 Housing 46 Circuit board 48 Optical sensor window 50 Microprocessor 51 Mounting board 52,53 Light source 54,55 Optical sensor 56 Power supply 58 Radio 60 Light reflection surface 62,64 Light reflection point 66 Needle 68 scale 70 measurement unit 72 storage unit 74 calculation unit 76 transmission unit

Claims (6)

水が通過するときの羽根車の回転に基づいて、水の積算流量を数字で表示するデジタル表示部および水の流量に応じて回転する回転板を備える流量表示部と、
前記流量表示部を覆う透明板と、
前記透明板上に設けられ、前記透明板を通して前記デジタル表示部が視認できるように前記回転板を覆う積算流量検出装置と、
を有し、
前記積算流量検出装置が、前記回転板の回転数に基づいた水の積算流量を算出し、算出した水の積算流量のデータを外部に送信する水道メータ。 Based on the rotation of the impeller when water passes, a flow rate display unit including a digital display unit that numerically displays the cumulative flow rate of water and a rotating plate that rotates according to the flow rate of water,
A transparent plate that covers the flow rate display unit,
An integrated flow rate detection device which is provided on the transparent plate and covers the rotary plate so that the digital display section can be visually recognized through the transparent plate,
Have
A water meter in which the integrated flow rate detection device calculates an integrated flow rate of water based on the number of rotations of the rotary plate and transmits data of the calculated integrated flow rate of water to the outside. 請求項１において、
前記積算流量検出装置と併せて前記透明板が覆われる閉状態と、前記透明板を通して前記デジタル表示部が視認できる開状態が切り替えられる蓋体をさらに有する水道メータ。 In claim 1,
The water meter further comprising a lid body that can be switched between a closed state in which the transparent plate is covered together with the integrated flow rate detection device and an open state in which the digital display unit can be visually recognized through the transparent plate. 請求項１または２において、
前記回転板が、一部に光反射面が設けられた平坦な上面を備え、
前記積算流量検出装置が、前記上面に光を照射する光源と、前記上面の２地点以上で、前記光反射面で反射された前記光源からの光を検知する光センサとを備え、前記光センサの光の検知に基づいて、前記回転板の正逆の回転方向を判定するとともに、前記回転板の通算正回転数を算出し、前記通算正回転数に基づいて水の積算流量のデータを作成する水道メータ。 In claim 1 or 2,
The rotating plate has a flat upper surface partially provided with a light reflecting surface,
The integrated flow rate detection device includes a light source that irradiates the upper surface with light, and an optical sensor that detects light from the light source reflected by the light reflecting surface at two or more points on the upper surface. Based on the detection of the light, the forward and reverse rotation directions of the rotary plate are determined, the total positive rotation speed of the rotary plate is calculated, and the data of the cumulative flow rate of water is created based on the total positive rotation speed. A water meter. 請求項３において、
前記回転板が、中心を回転軸とする円板であり、
前記光センサが前記上面の２地点で反射された光を検知し、
前記回転軸と前記２地点とのなす角が８５〜９５°であり、前記光反射面をすべて含む中心角が最小の扇形の中心角が１７０〜１９０°である水道メータ。 In claim 3,
The rotating plate is a disk having the center as a rotation axis,
The optical sensor detects light reflected at two points on the upper surface,
A water meter in which an angle formed by the rotation axis and the two points is 85 to 95 °, and a central angle of a fan shape including all the light reflecting surfaces is 170 to 190 °. 請求項３または４において、
前記光源の光照射面および前記光センサの受光面と前記透明板の間に、光センサ窓が配置されている水道メータ。 In Claim 3 or 4,
A water meter in which an optical sensor window is arranged between the light emitting surface of the light source and the light receiving surface of the optical sensor and the transparent plate. 請求項１から５のいずれかにおいて、
前記積算流量検出装置が漏水検知部をさらに備える水道メータ。 In any one of Claim 1 to 5,
A water meter in which the integrated flow rate detection device further includes a water leakage detection unit.
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