JP2020059237A - Three dimentional modeling device and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a modeling method and a modeling device that allow an object to be stably molded so that it closely adheres to a base without peeling off when resin is laminated to form a three-dimensional object while curing it, and that the object is not subjected to excessive force that could damage it when it is removed from the base after modeling.SOLUTION: This is a three-dimensional modeling device in which the tips of a plurality of movable parts protrude from the main surface of a base when forming a three-dimensional object on the base by lamination while curing resin, and the tips of the movable parts move toward the base before removing the formed three-dimensional object from the base, rather than when forming the three-dimensional object.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 5

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a three-dimensional structure using a liquid resin such as a photocurable resin, and a three-dimensional structure forming apparatus used for the method.

In recent years, so-called 3D printers have been actively developed, and various methods have been tried. For example, various methods such as a stereolithography method using a photocurable resin, a hot melt lamination molding method, and a powder lamination melting method are known.
Above all, development of a method for producing a three-dimensional model by projecting an exposed image on a photocurable liquid resin material and curing the exposed image is active.

  For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a device in which the bottom of a container filled with a liquid photocurable resin is made light-transmissive, and an exposure image is projected through the bottom to expose a resin to form a resin cured layer having a desired shape. Has been done. In such an apparatus, when one resin cured layer is formed, the molded article is lifted up and the three-dimensional molded article adhered to the light-transmissive container bottom is peeled off, and a liquid photocurable resin between the molded article and the container bottom is removed. And the next exposed image is projected to laminate the resin cured layer. By repeating such a process, the three-dimensional structure is formed by the pulling method. In the device of Patent Document 1, an undercut shape is formed on a base that supports the three-dimensional structure in order to prevent the three-dimensional structure from falling off the base when peeling off the model that is in close contact with the container bottom. Techniques have been proposed for forming the.

  Further, in Patent Document 2, a pulling-down method in which a base supporting a three-dimensional structure is settled in a liquid photocurable resin filled in a container and an exposure image is projected from above to form a resin cured layer having a desired shape. The modeling apparatus of is disclosed. In such an apparatus, when one resin cured layer is formed, the molded article is allowed to settle and the liquid photo-curable resin is applied to the upper surface of the molded article with a blade or the like, and the next exposed image is projected to form the resin cured layer. Stack. By repeating such a process, the three-dimensional modeled object was formed by the pull-down method. In the device of Patent Document 2, in order to facilitate the work of removing the three-dimensional structure from the base, the slit-shaped divided members are combined to form a base with a flat surface, and the base is divided at the time of removal. By doing so, a technique for reducing the contact area between the base and the 3D object has been proposed.

Special table 2013-517153 gazette JP, 2010-46800, A

In order to improve the practicality of the 3D printer, it is important to stabilize the modeling process and improve the manufacturing yield.
For example, when the photocurable resin is cured by photopolymerization, or when the thermoplastic resin is solidified by being cooled from a high temperature molten state, it is generally known that a large shrinkage occurs when the resin is cured from a liquid state to a solid state. There is. Therefore, when the liquid resins are stacked while being solidified for three-dimensional modeling, the three-dimensional model shrinks during solidification. In particular, when a large three-dimensional model is formed, the shrinkage amount also increases because the resin shrinkage increases due to the increase in the modeling area.

  When a three-dimensional model shrinks, warpage occurs, and the base that supports this tends to peel off.In the case of a pull-up type molding device, the three-dimensional model falls off from the base, and in the case of a pull-down system, especially around the model. In some parts, peeling from the base easily occurs. Even if the 3D object does not fall off or peel off from the base, if some warpage occurs, errors will occur in the subsequent 3D modeling process in which the 3D model is formed with the base surface as the reference position. However, this leads to a decrease in modeling accuracy and yield.

  In the case of the device of Patent Document 1, although the three-dimensional shaped article wraps the undercut portion of the base, peeling during solidification is less likely to occur, but when the three-dimensional shaped article is removed from the base, this part is the starting point. Then, a strong force is applied to the three-dimensional structure, which may cause damage.

  In the case of the device of Patent Document 2, it is easy to remove the three-dimensional structure from the base, but the surface of the base is flat during modeling, so the three-dimensional structure may warp or peel off from the base. It was easy. For this reason, there is a case where the three-dimensional object which is warped and a part of the apparatus such as the coating blade may come into contact with each other, and the object may be damaged due to falling off from the base or deterioration of shape accuracy. It was

Such a problem is not limited to the stereolithography method using a photocurable resin, but tends to occur when a resin is sequentially laminated and solidified to form a three-dimensional structure.
Therefore, when forming a three-dimensional model, the model can stick to the base without peeling and can be stably modeled, and when the model is removed from the base after modeling, it is excessively damaged. There has been a demand for a modeling method and a modeling apparatus that do not apply a large force to the modeled object.

  According to the present invention, when a resin is laminated while being cured to form a three-dimensional structure on a base, the tips of a plurality of movable parts protrude from the main surface of the base to the side of the three-dimensional structure. And the tip of the movable part moves to the side of the base more than when the three-dimensional structure is formed before the formed three-dimensional structure is removed from the base. It is a three-dimensional modeling device.

  Further, according to the present invention, when the three-dimensional structure is formed on the base by laminating the resins while curing the resin, the tips of the plurality of movable parts are located on the side of the three-dimensional structure from the main surface of the base. Before removing the formed three-dimensional structure formed from the base, the tip of the movable portion moves to the side of the base more than when forming the three-dimensional structure. And a method for manufacturing a three-dimensional structure.

  INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY When forming a three-dimensional model, the present invention can adhere stably to the base without peeling off the model and can be damaged when the model is removed from the base after modeling. It is possible to provide a modeling method and a modeling apparatus that do not apply a large force to a modeled object.

The typical sectional view of the 1st three-dimensional modeling device. The control block diagram of the 1st three-dimensional modeling apparatus. The typical sectional view of the 2nd three-dimensional modeling device. (A) A schematic cross-sectional view showing a state before three-dimensional modeling of the base of the embodiment. (B) A schematic cross-sectional view showing a state during three-dimensional modeling of the base of the embodiment. (A) A schematic sectional view showing a state of a movable member after three-dimensional modeling of a base of an embodiment. (B) A schematic cross-sectional view showing a state in which the three-dimensional structure is removed from the base of the embodiment. (A) A schematic cross-sectional view showing a state in which the movable member of the embodiment is moved by a holding jig. (B) A schematic cross-sectional view showing a state in which the movable member of the embodiment is moved by a fastening jig. (A) A schematic cross-sectional view showing a state before three-dimensional modeling in the first embodiment of the movable mechanism. (B) A schematic cross-sectional view showing a state in which the three-dimensional structure is removed in the first embodiment of the movable mechanism. (A) A schematic cross-sectional view showing a state before three-dimensional modeling in the second embodiment of the movable mechanism. (B) A schematic cross-sectional view showing a state in which the three-dimensional structure is removed in the second embodiment of the movable mechanism. (A) A schematic cross-sectional view showing a state before three-dimensional modeling in the third embodiment of the movable mechanism. (B) A schematic cross-sectional view showing a state in which the three-dimensional structure is removed in the third embodiment of the movable mechanism. (A) A schematic cross-sectional view showing a state before three-dimensional modeling in the fourth embodiment of the movable mechanism. (B) A schematic cross-sectional view showing a state in which the three-dimensional structure is removed in the fourth embodiment of the movable mechanism.

[Embodiment]
A method of manufacturing a three-dimensional structure and a three-dimensional structure forming apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
In the following description, an uncured liquid photo-curable resin is referred to as a liquid photo-curable resin unless otherwise specified. Further, a three-dimensional model formed by photocuring a liquid photocurable resin may be simply referred to as a model. The modeled object is not limited to a finished product, but includes a semi-finished product at a stage in which intermediate layers are laminated.

  The most characteristic part of the embodiment is the base that supports the three-dimensional structure, but the base of the embodiment can be applied to various types of three-dimensional modeling apparatuses. Therefore, before describing the details of the base, first, a plurality of three-dimensional modeling apparatuses will be illustrated and the overall configuration thereof will be described. An apparatus having a light-transmissive window at the bottom of a container filled with a photocurable resin will be described as a first three-dimensional modeling apparatus, and then a ceiling of a container filled with a photocurable resin will be described as a second three-dimensional modeling apparatus. A device having a light transmissive window will be described. The three-dimensional modeling apparatus to which the present invention can be applied is not limited to these two examples, and may be a three-dimensional modeling apparatus of the type that irradiates light on the free surface of the photocurable resin stored in the container. Good. Alternatively, it may be a three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to a modeling method other than optical modeling as described later.

[First 3D modeling apparatus]
A three-dimensional modeling apparatus having a light-transmissive window on the bottom of a container filled with a photocurable resin will be described with reference to FIG. 1 which is a schematic cross-sectional view.
In FIG. 1, 1 is a container, 2 is a liquid photocurable resin, 3 is a resin supply part, 4 is a light transmission window, 5 is a light shielding part, 7 is a light source, 8 is a mirror part, 9 is a lens part, and 10 is a light source. A unit, 11 is a base, 12 is a lifting arm, 13 is a lifting unit, and 14 is a three-dimensional model.
The container 1 is a container for holding the liquid photo-curable resin 2, and is made of a material that blocks light in a wavelength range that solidifies the liquid photo-curable resin.
The resin supply unit 3 includes a tank for storing the liquid photocurable resin and a pump, and supplies the liquid photocurable resin so that the container 1 holds an appropriate amount of the liquid photocurable resin 2.

The liquid photocurable resin 2 is a liquid resin that cures (solidifies) when irradiated with light in a specific wavelength range. The liquid photocurable resin 2 is filled in the container 1 having the light transmission window 4 and the light shielding portion 5 as the bottom, and is held so that air bubbles do not enter. The light transmitting window 4 and the light shielding portion 5 function as the bottom of the container 1.
The light transmission window 4 is a window that allows light in the wavelength range that solidifies the liquid photocurable resin 2 to pass therethrough, and also allows gas that inhibits curing of the liquid photocurable resin to pass through. For example, a resin such as fluoropolymer or silicone polymer such as PFA, PTFE or PE, or porous glass is used as the material.

  The liquid photo-curable resin in the vicinity of the light transmission window 4 has the effect of the curing-inhibiting gas that has passed through the light transmission window 4 and the photo-curing sensitivity is lowered. Since the gas that exerts the curing inhibiting effect is oxygen, for example, it is sufficient that normal air exists outside the light transmission window 4. However, in order to make the action of the gas more effective, a mechanism for controlling the composition and pressure of the outside air of the light transmission window may be provided.

  More specifically, in order to cure the photocurable resin to obtain a cured product, the portion of the photocurable resin to be cured is irradiated with energy rays. Then, first, the polymerization initiator contained in the photocurable resin is cleaved by the irradiation of energy rays, and radicals are generated. Next, the polymerization inhibitor and dissolved oxygen contained in the photocurable resin react with the radicals and are consumed together with the radicals. If this state continues, the state in which the polymerization inhibitor and the dissolved oxygen contained in the photocurable resin are almost absent will eventually be reached. Then, when the energy ray irradiation is continued, the generated radicals react with the polymerizable compound contained in the photocurable resin, and a radical polymerization reaction occurs. After that, radical polymerization reactions occur in a chain, and the low molecular weight polymerizable compound is polymerized. Looking at the above chemical reaction as a physical phenomenon, when the photocurable resin that has been in a liquid state is irradiated with energy rays, the photocurable resin is cured and reaches a solid state.

  On the other hand, when a photocurable resin is irradiated with an energy ray in a gas containing oxygen, for example, in the atmosphere, a phenomenon occurs in which the surface portion in contact with the atmosphere is not cured even when the energy ray is sufficiently irradiated. This is because the irradiation of energy rays causes the polymerization inhibitor and dissolved oxygen contained in the photocurable resin to react with the radicals and be consumed, and at the same time oxygen in the atmosphere continues to dissolve in the photocurable resin, and there is no dissolved oxygen. It does not reach the state. This is because the radicals do not react with the polymerizable compound.

By constantly supplying the curing inhibitor of the photocurable resin from the light transmission window, the curing inhibition region (uncured layer) can be maintained between the light transmission window and the molded article. By utilizing this phenomenon, it is possible to easily form a continuous three-dimensional structure. For example, a material having a high oxygen transmission coefficient [m ³ · m / m ² · s · Pa] is used as the material of the light transmitting window, and a gas containing oxygen is provided on the side of the light transmitting window which is not in contact with the photocurable resin, for example, Fill the atmosphere. Thereby, oxygen is always supplied from the light transmitting window, the curing inhibition region is maintained between the light transmitting window and the shaped object, and the three-dimensional shaped object can be continuously formed.

  Here, the thickness of the uncured layer is defined at the position where the supply of oxygen and the consumption of oxygen are balanced. Factors that control the supply of oxygen mainly include the oxygen partial pressure, the oxygen transmission coefficient of the light transmission window, and the oxygen transmission coefficient of the photocurable resin. The factors that control the consumption of oxygen mainly include the energy ray intensity, the concentration of the polymerization initiator, and the cleavage energy of the polymerization initiator. Regarding these control factors, when a material having a sufficient oxygen transmission coefficient is used as the light transmission window, an atmosphere of 1 atm is used, and a photocurable resin and process generally used for stereolithography are used, the value is about 30 μm. The uncured layer is retained. On the other hand, when pure oxygen of 1 atm is used and the energy ray intensity is set to a quarter of the normal condition which is the minimum limit of modeling, an uncured layer of about 100 μm is maintained.

Next, the light shielding portion 5 is a portion formed of a member that shields light in a wavelength range where the liquid photocurable resin 2 is solidified. In the present embodiment, the light transmission window 4 is provided in a portion that serves as an optical path between the light source unit 10 and the base 11 among the portions that function as the bottom of the container, and the light shielding portion 5 is provided in the other regions. .
The light source 7, the mirror section 8, and the lens section 9 constitute a light source unit 10 for irradiating the liquid photocurable resin with light corresponding to the shape of the three-dimensional model to be molded. The light source 7 is a light source that emits light in a wavelength range that solidifies the liquid photocurable resin. For example, when a material having sensitivity to ultraviolet light is used as the photocurable resin, ultraviolet laser light such as He—Cd laser or Ar laser is used. The mirror portion 8 is a portion that modulates the light emitted from the light source 7 in accordance with the shape of the three-dimensional model to be modeled, and a device in which micromirror devices are arranged in an array is used. The lens unit 9 is a lens for condensing the modulated light at a predetermined position above the curing inhibition region near the light transmission window. The liquid photo-curable resin 2 at a predetermined position cures when it is irradiated with the concentrated and sufficient intensity of ultraviolet light.
In order to ensure the accuracy of the shape of the cured product, it is desirable that the focal position of the condenser lens be near the light transmission window, but if it is too close, it may overlap with the curing inhibition region. Therefore, it is desirable that the focal position of the lens portion 9 is set to 60 μm to 110 μm above the upper surface of the light transmission window 4.

The light source unit 10 has a function of modulating light in a wavelength range for solidifying the liquid photocurable resin in accordance with the shape of a three-dimensional model to be molded and condensing the light at a predetermined position. However, it is not limited to the above example. For example, a combination of an ultraviolet light source and a transmissive liquid crystal shutter or a reflective liquid crystal element, a semiconductor laser diode array, a scanning mirror, an imaging mirror or the like may be used.
The base 11 is a base for suspending and supporting the three-dimensional structure 14 on the lower surface thereof, and is connected to the elevating unit 13 via the elevating arm 12. The lifting unit 13 is a mechanism that moves the lifting arm 12 up and down to adjust the height of the base 11, and is a moving unit that moves the base.

FIG. 2 is a control block diagram of the three-dimensional modeling apparatus. Reference numeral 21 is a control unit, 22 is an external device, 23 is an operation panel, 3 is a resin supply unit, 10 is a light source unit, and 13 is an elevating unit.
The control unit 21 includes a CPU, a ROM that is a non-volatile memory that stores a control program and a numerical table for control, a RAM that is a volatile memory used for calculation, an I / O port for communicating with each unit of the device and the outside, And so on. The ROM stores a program for controlling the basic operation of the three-dimensional modeling apparatus.
From the external device 22, the shape data of the 3D object is input to the control unit 21 of the 3D object through the I / O port.

The operation panel 23 has an input unit for an operator of the three-dimensional modeling apparatus to give instructions to the apparatus, and a display unit for displaying information to the operator. The input unit includes a keyboard and operation buttons. The display unit includes a display panel that displays the operating status of the three-dimensional modeling apparatus.
The control unit 21 can control the resin supply unit 3, the light source unit 10, and the elevating / lowering unit 13 to execute the three-dimensional modeling process.

[Second 3D modeling apparatus]
Next, with reference to FIG. 3 which is a schematic sectional view, a three-dimensional modeling apparatus having a light-transmissive window on the ceiling of a container filled with a photocurable resin will be described. Portions having the same functions as those of the first 3D modeling apparatus are designated by the same reference numerals and shown in the figure, and the description thereof will be omitted.

In the first three-dimensional modeling apparatus, the light transmission window 4 functions as the bottom of the container, but in the second three-dimensional modeling apparatus, the light transmission window 4 is provided at the top of the container and functions as a lid. . Further, in the second three-dimensional modeling apparatus, the light source unit 10 is arranged further above the light transmitting window 4, the base 11 is operated by the elevating unit 13 in the direction of lowering, and the three-dimensional model 14 is placed on the upper surface side. It becomes a supporting structure.
Other than that, the control mechanism relating to the operation of the apparatus, the three-dimensional modeling process, and the like are common to the first three-dimensional modeling apparatus except that the elevating direction and the light source unit are turned upside down, and thus detailed description thereof will be omitted.

  Further, in the second three-dimensional modeling apparatus, the form in which the light-transmissive window functions as the lid of the container is shown, but the lid of the light-transmissive window is not necessarily required, and the case without the light-transmissive window may be used. . If there is no light transmission window, the base may be immersed in the liquid photocurable resin on the free surface that is not restricted by the lid of the container, or the liquid photocurable resin of the next layer may be applied using a coating means such as a blade. You may apply.

[Base]
Next, a base that supports a three-dimensional structure will be described as the most characteristic part of the three-dimensional structure forming apparatus of the embodiment. The base of the embodiment exemplified below is used for the three-dimensional modeling apparatus shown in FIG. 1 of a type in which a three-dimensional model is suspended vertically downward, but if the orientation of the base is changed, The present invention can be applied to other types of three-dimensional modeling devices including the device shown in FIG. In the following explanatory views of the embodiments, parts common to those in FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals.

FIG. 4A is a schematic sectional view of the base used in the three-dimensional modeling apparatus of the embodiment shown in FIG. In the figure, 2 is a liquid photo-curable resin, 11 is a base, and 12 is an elevating arm, and the three-dimensional structure is formed in a form suspended from the lower surface of the base 11B of the base 11.
The base 11 of the embodiment includes a base 11B and a movable member 11A. For convenience of illustration, four movable members 11A are illustrated in the explanatory views of the respective embodiments including FIG. 4A, but the number of movable members is not limited to four. Further, it is desirable that the movable members 11A are two-dimensionally arranged in a matrix when viewed from above the device.
Each of the movable members 11A is fitted in a guide hole that penetrates the base 11B in the vertical direction, and can be moved in the vertical direction.

FIG. 4A shows a state in which the movable member 11A is lowered, and the tip (lower end) of the movable member 11A projects as a protrusion T vertically downward from the lower surface of the base 11B by a predetermined length. .
The length by which the protruding portion T protrudes vertically downward from the lower surface of the base portion 11B is 0.1 mm or more, and is less than or equal to the thickness of the layer that is cured at one time (or one layer formed by stereolithography), or 0.5 mm or less. desirable. The shape of the protrusion T is preferably a cylinder having a diameter of 0.5 mm or more and 5.0 mm or less, and a diameter of about 1.0 mm is preferable, and the distance separating each protrusion is 3.0 mm or more and 20. It is preferably 0 mm or less.

  When the three-dimensional modeling is performed, the protruding portion T has an effect as an anchor that fixes the three-dimensional model on the base and suppresses peeling and warpage. In order to sufficiently exert the effect as an anchor, it is desirable that the protruding length of the protruding portion T from the lower surface of the base 11 is 0.1 mm or more, and the distance between the protruding portions is 20.0 mm or less. Is desirable. On the other hand, from the viewpoint of easy three-dimensional modeling and easy removal of the three-dimensional model from the base, the protruding length of the protruding portion T from the lower surface of the base 11 is 0.5 mm or less. It is desirable that the distance between the protrusions be 5.0 mm or more.

When the formation of the three-dimensional structure is started, the height of the base 11 is adjusted in advance by the elevating arm 12 as shown in FIG. 4A, and the lower surface of the base 11B and the protruding portion T of the movable member 11A are removed. It is immersed in the liquid photocurable resin 2.
In the step of forming the three-dimensional model, the pattern light corresponding to the shape of the three-dimensional model to be modeled is applied to the liquid photocurable resin 2 from the light source unit 10 shown in FIG. That is, when the pattern light corresponding to the one-dimensional shape of the three-dimensional model is irradiated from below to cure the liquid photo-curable resin 2 to form one layer of the three-dimensional model, the elevating arm 12 is driven and the base 11 is moved. The thickness is increased by one layer, and pattern light corresponding to the shape of the next layer is irradiated. By repeating this, the three-dimensional structure is formed so as to be hung on the lower surface of the base 11.

  As shown in FIG. 4B, in the base 11 of the present embodiment, the three-dimensional structure 14 is formed with the lower end of the movable member 11A protruding as the protruding portion T from the main surface (lower surface) of the base 11B. It is formed. Therefore, the protruding portion T and the three-dimensional structure 14 mesh with each other, and the anchor effect is exerted, and the three-dimensional structure is effectively prevented from falling off, peeling, or warping from the base 11. .

  When the formation of the three-dimensional structure is completed, the base 11 holding the three-dimensional structure 14 is removed from the elevating arm 12. Then, as shown in FIG. 5A, the movable member 11A is pulled upward with respect to the base portion 11B.

  To raise the movable member 11A, for example, as shown in FIG. 6A, a holding jig 61 is used to hold and pull the head of the movable member 11A opposite to the tip (projection T) of the movable member 11A, and pull up the movable member 11A. Just do it. Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 6B, a fastening portion such as a screw hole for pulling out is provided on the head of the movable member 11A, and a fastening jig such as a bolt 62 is inserted and fastened therein to move the movable member 11A. The head of the member 11A may be pulled. Alternatively, the head portion of the movable member 11A may be pulled by providing a convex portion having a thread groove formed on the head portion of the movable member 11A as a fastening portion and fastening it with a nut-shaped jig. Furthermore, the movable member 11A may be pulled up by a movable mechanism described later.

  As the movable member 11A is pulled up, the lower end portion of the movable member 11A that is in close contact with and meshed with the three-dimensional structure 14 moves to the base 11B side, and a space S is formed above the three-dimensional structure 14. Air is injected into the generated space S through the gap between the guide hole and the movable member 11A. As a result, the meshing is released and the contact area between the three-dimensional structure 14 and the base 11B is reduced, and the three-dimensional structure 14 can be easily removed from the base 11 as shown in FIG. 5B. . That is, according to the present embodiment, when the three-dimensional model is removed from the base after modeling, an excessive force that causes damage is not applied to the three-dimensional model.

  In the example shown in FIG. 5A or 5B, the movable member 11A is pulled up so that the height of the lower end of the movable member 11A becomes equal to the height of the lower surface of the base 11B. The heights of the do not have to match. The point is that when the protrusion T, which was in close contact with the three-dimensional structure as an anchor during molding, is retracted to the base side and air is injected into the created space to release the mesh between the two, the three-dimensional structure 14 can be easily removed from the base 11. That is, as long as it is possible to easily separate the two at the time of removal, the moving position of the movable member 11A may be limited to a range in which the lower end of the movable member 11A projects from the lower surface of the base portion 11B, or the lower end of the movable portion 11A. It may be pulled back until it is located inside the guide hole of 11B.

  According to the three-dimensional modeling apparatus embodying the present invention, at the time of modeling, the tip of the movable portion (projection T) of the base and the three-dimensional model 14 are engaged with each other, and the anchor effect is exerted. Does not warp or peel off from the base, and the three-dimensional model does not fall off the base. Then, when the completed three-dimensional structure is removed from the base, the movable member is moved to the base side to disengage from the base, and air is injected into the formed space to move the three-dimensional structure 14 to the base 11. Can be easily removed from.

  On the other hand, as described in Patent Document 1, in the case of a device that fixedly forms an undercut shape on a base, an anchor effect is exhibited during three-dimensional modeling, but completed three-dimensional modeling When removing an object from the base, the 3D object may be damaged. Further, as described in Patent Document 2, in the case of a device including a base having a flat surface that can be divided into slits, damage occurs when the completed three-dimensional structure is removed from the base. Although difficult, it may warp during the three-dimensional modeling, peel off from the base, or fall off from the base.

Unlike these conventional examples, if the present invention is carried out, it is possible to hold the three-dimensional model on the base without peeling or dropping and to perform stable modeling, and after molding, the three-dimensional model can be easily and without damage. It is possible to combine the removal from the base.
Next, a plurality of embodiments will be exemplified as the movable mechanism for moving the movable member 11A up and down.

[Embodiment 1 of movable mechanism]
7 (a) and 7 (b) are schematic cross-sectional views of a base provided with the movable mechanism according to the first embodiment, and correspond to FIGS. 4 (a) and 5 (b) described above, respectively. It shows the state.
In the present embodiment, the base 11 is provided with a movable member 11A, a spring SP mounted on the base 11B, and a removable holding member 11H. The spring SP may be any elastic member that can be attached to the base portion 11B and can expand and contract along the guide hole according to the vertical movement of the movable member 11A. For example, a coil spring, a leaf spring, an air spring or the like may be used. Absent.

  As shown in FIG. 7A, when the formation of the three-dimensional structure is started, the movable member 11A is set in the guide hole of the base 11B, and the spring SP is compressed by the pressing member 11H. Implemented in. The height of the base 11 in such a state is adjusted by the elevating arm 12, and the lower surface of the base 11 and the protruding portion T of the movable member 11A protruding by a predetermined length from the lower surface of the base 11 are submerged in the liquid photocurable resin 2. Is soaked in.

  As shown in FIG. 7B, when removing the three-dimensional modeled object 14 whose modeling is completed from the base 11B, the base 11 holding the three-dimensional modeled object 14 is removed from the elevating arm 12, and the pressing member is further pressed. 11H is removed from the base 11B. When the pressing member 11H is removed from the base portion 11B, the compressed spring SP extends and pushes up the movable member 11A. FIG. 7B illustrates a state in which the lower end of the movable member 11A is pushed up into the inside of the base 11B until the space C is created in the guide hole of the base 11B.

  As the movable member 11A is pushed up, the lower end portion of the movable member 11A that is in close contact with and meshed with the three-dimensional structure 14 moves to the inside of the base 11B, and a space formed above the three-dimensional structure 14 is formed. Air is injected into the through the gap between the guide hole and the movable member 11A. As a result, the meshing is released and the contact area between the three-dimensional structure 14 and the base 11B is reduced, and the three-dimensional structure 14 can be easily removed from the base 11 as shown in FIG. 7B. .

  The material of the main member of the base 11 is basically an aluminum alloy that has been anodized. However, when it is necessary to reduce the weight in the device configuration, an aluminum alloy, a magnesium alloy, a titanium alloy, etc. are particularly suitable. Is. Further, in the device configuration, a stainless alloy or the like is suitable when rigidity is required or corrosion is suppressed. As an example, when the length protruding from the lower surface of the base 11B is adjusted to 0.3 mm by adjusting the total length of the movable member 11A and the thickness of the brim (head), the anchor effect during modeling and the ease of removal It was possible to achieve both.

[Embodiment 2 of movable mechanism]
FIG. 8A and FIG. 8B are schematic cross-sectional views of a base provided with the second embodiment of the movable mechanism, and correspond to FIG. 4A and FIG. 5B described above, respectively. It shows the state.
In this embodiment, the base 11 includes a movable member 11A, a first base 11C, a second base 11D, and a fixing member 11E that detachably fixes the first base 11C and the second base 11D. The second base portion 11D is a base portion having a main surface that forms a three-dimensional structure, and the first base portion 11C is a base portion that is arranged on the opposite side to the side that forms the three-dimensional structure.

  As shown in FIG. 8A, when the formation of the three-dimensional structure is started, the movable member 11A is fitted into the guide hole penetrating the first base 11C and the guide hole penetrating the second base 11D. Has been. The first base portion 11C and the second base portion 11D are fixed by a fixing member 11E so as to abut and closely contact each other. The height of the base 11 in this state is adjusted by the elevating arm 12, and the lower surface of the second base 11D and the protruding portion T of the movable member 11A protruding from the lower surface of the second base 11D have the liquid photocurable resin 2 liquid. It is immersed in.

  As shown in FIG. 8B, when removing the three-dimensional modeled object 14 whose modeling has been completed from the base 11, the base 11 holding the three-dimensional modeled object 14 is removed from the elevating arm 12 and further fixed. The member 11E is opened, and the first base 11C is removed from the second base 11D. When the first base 11C is removed from the second base 11D and the first base 11C is lifted, the movable member 11A is also lifted in conjunction with the first base 11C. FIG. 8B illustrates a state where the lower end of the movable member 11A is lifted to the same height as the lower surface of the second base 11D.

  As the movable member 11A is lifted, the lower end portion of the movable member 11A, which is in close contact with and is meshed with the three-dimensional structure 14, moves upward, and in the space formed on the upper part of the three-dimensional structure 14, Air is injected through the gap between the guide hole and the movable member 11A. As a result, the meshing is released and the contact area between the three-dimensional structure 14 and the second base 11D is reduced, so that the three-dimensional structure 14 can be easily removed from the base 11 as shown in FIG. 8B. You can

  The material of the main member of the base 11 is basically an aluminum alloy that has been anodized. However, when it is necessary to reduce the weight in the device configuration, an aluminum alloy, a magnesium alloy, a titanium alloy, etc. are particularly suitable. Is. Further, in the device configuration, a stainless alloy or the like is suitable when rigidity is required or corrosion is suppressed. As an example, when the length protruding from the lower surface of the base 11B is adjusted to 0.3 mm by adjusting the total length of the movable member 11A and the thickness of the brim (head), the anchor effect during modeling and the ease of removal It was possible to achieve both.

[Embodiment 3 of movable mechanism]
9A and 9B are schematic cross-sectional views of a base provided with the movable mechanism according to the third embodiment, which correspond to the above-described FIGS. 4A and 5B, respectively. It shows the state.
In this embodiment, the base 11 includes a movable member 11A, a first base 11C, a second base 11D, and a push bolt 11P. The push bolt 11P is a distance adjusting unit that adjusts the distance between the first base 11C and the second base 11D.

  As shown in FIG. 9A, when the formation of the three-dimensional structure is started, the movable member 11A is fitted into the guide hole penetrating the first base 11C and the guide hole penetrating the second base 11D. Has been. The position of the push bolt 11P is adjusted so that the first base portion 11C and the second base portion 11D are in contact with and in close contact with each other. The height of the base 11 in this state is adjusted by the elevating arm 12, and the lower surface of the second base 11D and the protruding portion T of the movable member 11A protruding from the lower surface of the second base 11D have the liquid photocurable resin 2 liquid. It is immersed in.

  As shown in FIG. 9B, when removing the three-dimensional modeled object 14 whose modeling is completed from the base 11, the base 11 holding the three-dimensional modeled object 14 is removed from the elevating arm 12. Further, the push bolt 11P is projected toward the second base 11D side, and the first base 11C is separated from the second base 11D by a predetermined distance. When the first base 11C is lifted away from the second base 11D, the movable member 11A is also lifted in conjunction with the first base 11C. FIG. 9B illustrates a state where the lower end of the movable member 11A is lifted to the same height as the lower surface of the second base 11D.

  As the movable member 11A is lifted, the lower end portion of the movable member 11A, which is in close contact with and is meshed with the three-dimensional structure 14, moves upward, and in the space formed on the upper part of the three-dimensional structure 14, Air is injected through the gap between the guide hole and the movable member 11A. As a result, the meshing is released and the contact area between the three-dimensional structure 14 and the second base 11D is reduced, and the three-dimensional structure 14 can be easily removed from the base 11 as shown in FIG. 9B. You can

  The material of the main member of the base 11 is basically an aluminum alloy that has been anodized. However, when it is necessary to reduce the weight in the device configuration, an aluminum alloy, a magnesium alloy, a titanium alloy, etc. are particularly suitable. Is. Further, in the device configuration, a stainless alloy or the like is suitable when rigidity is required or corrosion is suppressed. As an example, when the length protruding from the lower surface of the base 11B is adjusted to 0.3 mm by adjusting the total length of the movable member 11A and the thickness of the brim (head), the anchor effect during modeling and the ease of removal It was possible to achieve both.

[Fourth Embodiment of Movable Mechanism]
10 (a) and 10 (b) are schematic cross-sectional views of a base having a movable mechanism according to a fourth embodiment, which correspond to FIGS. 4 (a) and 5 (b) described above, respectively. It shows the state.
In the present embodiment, the base 11 includes a movable member 11A, a base 11B, an extension 11F, and a link mechanism 11G. The extension 11F fastened to the head of the movable member 11A is connected to the link mechanism 11G. The link mechanism 11G is a rotation-linear conversion mechanism, and when the arm is rotated in the arrow direction of FIG. 10A, the movable member 11A moves vertically downward and rotates the arm in the arrow direction of FIG. 10B. When moved, the movable member 11A moves vertically upward.

  As shown in FIG. 10A, when the formation of the three-dimensional structure is started, the movable member 11A is fitted into the guide hole penetrating the base 11B. The link mechanism 11G is operated such that the lower end of the movable member 11A functions as a protrusion T and protrudes from the lower surface of the base 11B by a predetermined length. The height of the base 11 in this state is adjusted by the elevating arm 12, and the lower surface of the base portion 11B and the protruding portion T of the movable member 11A protruding from the lower surface of the base portion 11B are immersed in the liquid photocurable resin 2. ing.

  As shown in FIG. 10 (b), when the three-dimensional modeled object 14 whose modeling has been completed is removed from the base 11, the base 11 holding the three-dimensional modeled object 14 is detached from the elevating arm 12. Further, the movable member 11A is lifted by operating the link mechanism 11G. FIG. 10B illustrates a state where the lower end of the movable member 11A is lifted to the same height as the lower surface of the second base 11D.

  As the movable member 11A is lifted, the lower end portion of the movable member 11A, which is in close contact with and is meshed with the three-dimensional structure 14, moves upward, and in the space formed on the upper part of the three-dimensional structure 14, Air is injected through the gap between the guide hole and the movable member 11A. As a result, the meshing is released and the contact area between the three-dimensional structure 14 and the second base 11D is reduced, and the three-dimensional structure 14 can be easily removed from the base 11 as shown in FIG. You can

  The material of the main member of the base 11 is basically an aluminum alloy that has been anodized. However, when it is necessary to reduce the weight in the device configuration, an aluminum alloy, a magnesium alloy, a titanium alloy, etc. are particularly suitable. Is. Further, in the device configuration, a stainless alloy or the like is suitable when rigidity is required or corrosion is suppressed. As an example, when the length protruding from the lower surface of the base 11B is adjusted to 0.3 mm by adjusting the total length of the movable member 11A and the thickness of the brim (head), the anchor effect during modeling and the ease of removal It was possible to achieve both.

[Other Embodiments]
The embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the above-described embodiments, but can be appropriately modified or combined within the technical idea of the present invention.
For example, a cylinder is preferably used as the shape of the movable member, but the shape is not limited thereto, and may be a prism, for example.

  Further, when it is not preferable that the trace (recess) that has been engaged with the movable member 11A remains on the three-dimensional model, the shape of the modeling model is set higher by the height of the protrusion T, and after modeling, You may grind only the depth of a trace part and flatten it.

  Further, in the above description, the movable member was projected from the base in order to obtain the anchor effect during modeling, but the movable member is pulled into the guide hole of the base during modeling, and the movable member has a predetermined depth. The engagement portion may be formed by arranging the concave portion on the base. Even in that case, when removing the three-dimensional structure from the base, the movable member is further drawn into the base along the guide hole and air is injected into the created space to remove the three-dimensional structure from the base. It can be easily removed.

  The present invention is capable of solving peeling and the like due to shrinkage of a shaped object during layered molding, and therefore, for example, a thermoplastic resin is melted and the resin is extruded linearly from a discharge nozzle to laminate a plurality of layers. It can also be applied to a stage part of a hot-melt layered modeling apparatus for obtaining a modeled object. Alternatively, it can also be applied to a base in which a base is immersed in a liquid thermosetting resin, and a predetermined portion is heated and cured to laminate-mold on the base.

  1 ... Container / 2 ... Liquid photocurable resin / 3 ... Resin supply section / 4 ... Light transmission window / 5 ... Light-shielding section / 7 ... Light source / 8 ... Mirror Part / 9 ... lens part / 10 ... light source unit / 11 ... base / 11A ... movable member / 11B ... base / 11C ... first base / 11D ... second Base part / 11E ... Fixing member / 11F ... Extension part / 11G ... Link mechanism / 11P ... Pushing bolt / 12 ... Elevating arm / 13 ... Elevating part / 14 ... Three-dimensional Modeled object / 21 ... Control unit / 22 ... External device / 23 ... Operation panel / 61 ... Clamping jig / 62 ... Bolt / C ... Space / S ... Three-dimensional Space formed on top of the molded article 14 / SP ... Spring / T ... Projection

Claims (28)

When laminating while curing the resin to form a three-dimensional structure on the base, the tips of the plurality of movable parts project from the main surface of the base to the side of the three-dimensional structure,
Before removing the formed three-dimensional structure from the base, the tip of the movable portion moves to the side of the base more than when forming the three-dimensional structure,
A three-dimensional modeling device characterized in that Forming the three-dimensional structure on the base by laminating while curing the resin which is a photo-curable resin by irradiating it with laser light,
The three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that. When forming the three-dimensional structure on the base by laminating while curing the resin, the length of the tip of the movable portion protruding from the main surface of the base to the side of the three-dimensional structure, Is less than or equal to the thickness of the layer to be cured at one time,
The three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that. When forming the three-dimensional structure on the base by laminating while curing the resin, the length of the tip of the movable portion protruding from the main surface of the base to the side of the three-dimensional structure, 0.1 mm or more and 0.5 mm or less,
The three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein When the resin is stacked while being cured to form a three-dimensional structure on the base, the diameter of the movable portion protruding from the main surface of the base to the side of the three-dimensional structure is 0.5 mm. Above, 5.0 mm or less,
The three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein The distance separating each of the plurality of movable parts is 3.0 mm or more and 20.0 mm or less,
The three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that. The movable portion moves along a guide hole provided in the base,
The three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that. Before removing the formed three-dimensional structure from the base, air is injected into the space created by moving the tip of the movable portion toward the base.
The three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that Before removing the formed three-dimensional structure from the base, the end opposite to the tip of the movable part is held by a jig, and the movable part moves by being pulled by the jig.
The three-dimensional printing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the three-dimensional printing apparatus is a three-dimensional printing apparatus. The jig holds the movable portion by sandwiching an end of the movable portion opposite to the tip.
The three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to claim 9, wherein. The jig holds the movable portion by being fastened to a fastening portion provided at an end opposite to the tip of the movable portion,
The three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to claim 9, wherein. Before removing the formed three-dimensional structure from the base, the movable part is moved by a movable mechanism provided on the base,
The three-dimensional printing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the three-dimensional printing apparatus is a three-dimensional printing apparatus. The movable mechanism has a stretchable elastic member,
The three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to claim 12, wherein. The movable mechanism has a link mechanism,
The three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to claim 12, wherein. The base has a second base on the side on which the three-dimensional structure is formed and a first base on the side opposite to the side on which the three-dimensional structure is formed,
Before removing the formed three-dimensional structure from the base, the second base portion and the first base portion are separated from each other to move the movable portion,
The three-dimensional printing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the three-dimensional printing apparatus is a three-dimensional printing apparatus. When the resin is laminated while being cured to form a three-dimensional structure on the base, the second base portion and the first base portion are brought into contact with each other and fixed by a fixing means,
Before removing the formed three-dimensional structure from the base, the fixing means is opened to separate the second base portion from the first base portion to move the movable portion,
The three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to claim 15, wherein. When the resin is laminated while being cured to form a three-dimensional structure on the base, the second base portion and the first base portion are brought into contact with each other by the distance adjusting means,
Before removing the formed three-dimensional structure from the base, the distance adjusting means separates the second base from the first base by a predetermined distance to move the movable part,
The three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to claim 15, wherein. When laminating while curing the resin to form a three-dimensional structure on the base, the tips of the plurality of movable parts project from the main surface of the base to the side of the three-dimensional structure,
Before removing the formed three-dimensional structure from the base, the tip of the movable portion moves to the side of the base more than when forming the three-dimensional structure,
A method for manufacturing a three-dimensional object characterized by the following. Forming the three-dimensional structure on the base by laminating while curing the resin which is a photo-curable resin by irradiating it with laser light,
The method for manufacturing a three-dimensional structure according to claim 18, characterized in that. When forming the three-dimensional structure on the base by laminating while curing the resin, the length of the tip of the movable portion protruding from the main surface of the base to the side of the three-dimensional structure, Is less than or equal to the thickness of the layer to be cured at one time,
The method for manufacturing a three-dimensional structure according to claim 18 or 19, characterized in that. When forming the three-dimensional structure on the base by laminating while curing the resin, the length of the tip of the movable portion protruding from the main surface of the base to the side of the three-dimensional structure, 0.1 mm or more and 0.5 mm or less,
The method for manufacturing a three-dimensional structure according to any one of claims 18 to 20, characterized in that. When the resin is stacked while being cured to form a three-dimensional structure on the base, the diameter of the movable portion protruding from the main surface of the base to the side of the three-dimensional structure is 0.5 mm. Above, 5.0 mm or less,
The method for manufacturing a three-dimensional structure according to any one of claims 18 to 21, characterized in that. The distance separating each of the plurality of movable parts is 3.0 mm or more and 20.0 mm or less,
The method for manufacturing a three-dimensional structure according to any one of claims 18 to 22, characterized in that. The movable portion moves along a guide hole provided in the base,
The method for manufacturing a three-dimensional structure according to any one of claims 18 to 23, wherein: Before removing the formed three-dimensional structure from the base, air is injected into the space created by moving the tip of the movable portion toward the base.
The method for manufacturing a three-dimensional structure according to any one of claims 18 to 24, characterized in that. Before removing the formed three-dimensional structure from the base, the end opposite to the tip of the movable part is held by a jig, and the movable part moves by being pulled by the jig.
The method for manufacturing a three-dimensional structure according to any one of claims 18 to 25, characterized in that. Before removing the formed three-dimensional structure from the base, the movable part is moved by a movable mechanism provided on the base,
The method for manufacturing a three-dimensional structure according to any one of claims 18 to 25, characterized in that. The base has a second base on the side on which the three-dimensional structure is formed and a first base on the side opposite to the side on which the three-dimensional structure is formed,
Before removing the formed three-dimensional structure from the base, the second base portion and the first base portion are separated from each other to move the movable portion,
The method for manufacturing a three-dimensional structure according to any one of claims 18 to 25, characterized in that.

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