JP2020053056A - Information processing method, information processing device, and program - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide an information processing method, an information processing device, and a program for smoothly achieving a transaction in which safety and reliability are ensured even without the intervention of a specific manager.SOLUTION: A program causes an information processing device to perform the steps of: when receiving transaction information for depositing a compensation for goods or services and a guarantee fee in a first account, performing deposit processing of transmitting information on the transaction information to a second account that receives the compensation based on the received transaction information; and when receiving a result notification that the goods or the services have been received from a third account that has deposited the compensation after performing the deposit processing, performing payment processing of moving the compensation from the first account to the second account and moving the guarantee fee from the first account to a fourth account.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 8

Description

  The present disclosure relates to an information processing method, an information processing device, and a program.

  2. Description of the Related Art In the related art, a service that enables a user to perform a sale transaction of a product via a network using a terminal having a communication function, such as a computer, a smartphone, a tablet, and a mobile phone, has been widely used. In such a service, there is a case where a mechanism for securing the security of the transaction is used by intervening a third party between the seller and the buyer to conditionally settle the price of the product. For example, a buyer applies for a purchase of a product from a site operated by a service provider, deposits the price of the product with the service provider, and the service provider who has received the price notifies the seller of that fact, and the seller And a service provider pays the deposited price to the seller when the buyer receives a notification that the product has been received from the buyer. Such a mechanism is also called an escrow, and a third party that mediates transactions in the escrow is also called an escrow business.

  However, the above-mentioned escrow mechanism presupposes that the escrow operator has good intentions.If the escrow operator commits fraud, the buyer or seller disadvantages, for example, the value of the deposited product is stolen. May suffer.

  By the way, in recent years, blockchain technology capable of constructing a highly reliable transaction system has attracted attention because it is virtually impossible to falsify transaction information, and it is also impossible to spoof a transaction. By combining this blockchain technology with a smart contract technology that programs a series of processes that conventional service providers have performed and automatically executes them without delay, high reliability is achieved without human intervention. A trading system can be built.

  Patent Literature 1 secures security and reliability by constructing and executing a series of processes in escrow settlement using a smart contract without using virtual currency in a transaction of merchandise over a network. An information processing method for performing a transaction is described.

Japanese Patent No. 6224283

  As described above, the escrow mechanism mediates transactions on the premise that the escrow company has good intentions, and does not prevent the escrow company from acting fraudulently. Assuming that the penetration of blockchain technology will expand the transaction of sales of products between users without going through a specific manager, it is assumed that various escrow companies that mediate the transaction will enter the market. Assuming these assumptions, even without the intervention of a specific manager, a mechanism that can prevent unauthorized entry of escrow operators and enable transactions that ensure security and reliability Is desired.

  Patent Document 1 discloses a case in which a financial institution server mainly receives a payment process for a product from a buyer, determines whether or not to pay for the product based on account information of the buyer, and determines that payment is possible. Describes an information processing method for executing a payment process, and describes that in this information processing method, a series of processes for performing a payment on the condition that it is determined that payment is possible is realized by a smart contract. . However, there is no description of a technology that can prevent the entry of an unauthorized escrow company and enables a transaction in which security and reliability are ensured even without going through a specific manager.

  Accordingly, the present disclosure has been made in view of such circumstances, and an information processing method for smoothly achieving a transaction in which security and reliability are ensured even without a specific manager. , An information processing device, and a program.

  A program according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, when receiving, in an information processing device, transaction information for depositing a consideration for a product or service and a guarantee fee in a first account, based on the received transaction information, Performing deposit processing for transmitting the information relating to the transaction information to the second account receiving the consideration, and receiving the goods or the service from the third account depositing the consideration after performing the deposit processing; Receiving the notification of the result of (i), performing a settlement process of moving the consideration from the first account to the second account, and moving the guarantee fee from the first account to a fourth account. .

FIG. 1 illustrates a configuration of a communication system according to an aspect of the embodiment. FIG. 2 illustrates an example of a hardware configuration of the information processing apparatus according to the present disclosure. FIG. 3 is an example of a block diagram illustrating a functional configuration of the information processing device 200A according to the first embodiment. FIG. 4 shows a part of a data structure stored in the BC information DB 331. FIG. 5 is an example of a block diagram illustrating a functional configuration of the information processing device 200B according to the first embodiment. FIG. 6 is an example of a block diagram illustrating a functional configuration of the information processing device 200C according to the first embodiment. FIG. 7 is an example of a block diagram illustrating a functional configuration of the information processing device 200D according to the first embodiment. FIG. 8 is an example of a sequence diagram illustrating a process performed by the communication system 1 according to the first embodiment. FIG. 9 illustrates an example of a flowchart of a process in the server according to the first embodiment. FIG. 10 is an example of a sequence diagram illustrating an operation example of the information processing system according to the first embodiment. FIG. 11 illustrates an example of a sequence diagram illustrating an operation example of the information processing system according to the second embodiment.

<Legal compliance>
The disclosure set forth herein, if implemented, will be implemented in compliance with the laws of the countries where the disclosure is implemented. In addition, the disclosure described in this specification is implemented with all the changes, substitutions, variations, alterations, and modifications that can be made by those skilled in the art necessary to comply with the laws and regulations of each country.

  An embodiment of an information processing method, an information processing device, and a program according to the present disclosure will be described with reference to the drawings.

<System configuration>
FIG. 1 illustrates a configuration of a communication system 1 for effectively executing an information processing method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As disclosed in FIG. 1, in the communication system 1, the servers 110A and 110B are connected to the terminals 120A, 120B, and 120C via the network 130. The server 110A, the server 110B, and the terminals 120A, 120B, and 120C constitute a distributed ledger (hereinafter, also referred to as a “blockchain”). In the present disclosure, the blockchain is described as a public type configuration without a central administrator, but is not limited thereto, and may be a private type or a consortium type.

  In the present disclosure, when it is not necessary to distinguish between the server 110A and the server 110B, the server 110A and the server 110B may be expressed as the server 110, respectively.

  In the present disclosure, when it is not necessary to distinguish between the terminal 120A, the terminal 120B, and the terminal 120C, the terminal 120A, the terminal 120B, and the terminal 120C may be expressed as the terminal 120, respectively.

  In the present disclosure, when it is not necessary to distinguish between the server 110 and the terminal 120, the server 110 and the terminal 120 may be expressed as the information processing device 200, respectively. Note that the number of information processing devices 200 connected to the network 130 is not limited.

  The server 110 provides a predetermined service to the terminal 120 used by the user via the network 130. Examples of the predetermined service include, but are not limited to, a settlement service, an electronic commerce service, an SNS (Social Networking Service) represented by an instant messenger, a content providing service such as music, videos, and books, and a financial service. When the user uses a predetermined service via the terminal 120, the server 110 can provide the predetermined service to one or more terminals 120.

  If necessary, a terminal used by the user X is expressed as a terminal 120X, and user information in a predetermined service associated with the user X or the terminal 120X is expressed as user information X. The user information is information of a user associated with an account used by the user in a predetermined service. The user information is, by way of example and not limitation, a user's name, a user's icon image, a user's age, a user's gender, a user's address, and a user's hobby that are input by the user or given by a predetermined service. The information includes information associated with the user, such as the preference and the user identifier, and any one or a combination of these may be used.

  The network 130 has a role of connecting two or more information processing apparatuses 200. The network 130 refers to a communication network that provides a connection path so that data can be transmitted and received after the terminal 120 connects to the server 110.

  One or more portions of network 130 may be a wired or wireless network. The network 130 may be, for example and without limitation, an ad hoc network, an intranet, an extranet, a virtual private network (VPN), a local area network (LAN), LAN (Wireless LAN: WLAN), wide area network (Wide Area Network: WAN), wireless WAN (Wireless WAN: WWAN), metropolitan area network (MAN), part of the Internet, public switched telephone network (Public) Switched Telephone Network: part of PSTN, mobile phone network, ISDNs (Integrated Service Digital Networks), wireless LANs, LTE (Long Term Evolution), CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access), Bluetooth (registered trademark), satellite Communication etc., or It may include two or more combinations of these. Network 130 may include one or more networks 130.

  The information processing device 200 may be any information processing device that can implement the functions and / or methods described in the present disclosure.

  The information processing apparatus 200 includes, but is not limited to, a smartphone, a mobile phone (feature phone), a computer (for example, but not limited to, a desktop, a laptop, and a tablet), a server device, and a media computer platform (for example, but not limited to). , Cables, satellite set-top boxes, digital video recorders, etc.), handheld computer devices (eg, but not limited to, PDA (Personal Digital Assistant), e-mail clients, etc.), wearable terminals (eg, but not limited to, glasses-type devices, Clock devices, etc.), other types of computers, or communication platforms.

<Hardware (HW) configuration>
The HW configuration of the information processing device 200 included in the communication system 1 will be described with reference to FIG.

  The information processing device 200 includes a processor 201, a memory 202, a storage 203, an input / output interface (input / output I / F) 204, and a communication interface (communication I / F) 205. The components of the HW of the information processing device 200 are interconnected via a bus B, for example, but not limited to.

  The information processing device 200 realizes the functions and / or methods described in the present disclosure by cooperation of the processor 201, the memory 202, the storage 203, the input / output I / F 204, and the communication I / F 205. I do.

  The processor 201 executes a function and / or a method realized by a code or an instruction included in a program stored in the storage 203. The processor 201 includes, for example and without limitation, a central processing unit (CPU), an MPU (Micro Processing Unit), a GPU (Graphics s Processing Unit), a microprocessor (microprocessor), a processor core, and a multiprocessor. ASIC (Application-Specific Integrated Circuit), FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array), etc., and logic circuits (hardware) formed on integrated circuits (IC (Integrated Circuit) chips, LSI (Large Scale Integration)), etc. Each processing disclosed in each embodiment may be realized by a dedicated circuit. Further, these circuits may be realized by one or a plurality of integrated circuits, and the plurality of processes described in each embodiment may be realized by one integrated circuit. Further, the LSI may be referred to as a VLSI, a super LSI, an ultra LSI, or the like, depending on the degree of integration.

  The memory 202 temporarily stores the program loaded from the storage 203 and provides a work area for the processor 201. The memory 202 also temporarily stores various data generated while the processor 201 is executing the program. The memory 202 includes, for example, without limitation, a random access memory (RAM) and a read only memory (ROM).

  The storage 203 stores a program. The storage 203 includes, for example, without limitation, a hard disk drive (HDD), a solid state drive (SSD), and a flash memory.

  The communication I / F 205 sends and receives various data via the network 130. The communication may be performed by wire or wireless, and any communication protocol may be used as long as mutual communication can be performed. The communication I / F 205 has a function of executing communication with another information processing device via the network 130. The communication I / F 205 transmits various data to another information processing device in accordance with an instruction from the processor 201. Further, the communication I / F 205 receives various data transmitted from another information processing apparatus and transmits the data to the processor 201.

  The input / output I / F 204 includes an input device that inputs various operations to the information processing device 200 and an output device that outputs a processing result processed by the information processing device 200. In the input / output I / F 204, an input device and an output device may be integrated, or may be separated into an input device and an output device.

  The input device is realized by any one of all types of devices capable of receiving input from a user and transmitting information related to the input to the processor 201, or a combination thereof. The input device includes, for example and without limitation, hardware keys such as a touch panel, a touch display, and a keyboard, a pointing device such as a mouse, a camera (operation input through an image), and a microphone (operation input by voice).

  The output device is realized by any one of all types of devices capable of outputting the processing result processed by the processor 201 or a combination thereof. When outputting the processing result as a video and / or a moving image, the output device may be any one of or all devices capable of displaying the display data according to the display data written in the frame buffer. It is realized by a combination. Examples of the output device include, but are not limited to, a touch panel, a touch display, a monitor (for example, but not limited to, a liquid crystal display, an OELD (Organic Electroluminescence Display)), a head mounted display (HDM), a projection mapping, and a hologram. And a device capable of displaying an image or text information in the air or the like (may be a vacuum), a speaker (audio output), a printer, and the like. Note that these output devices may be capable of displaying display data in 3D.

  The program according to each embodiment of the present disclosure may be provided in a state stored in a computer-readable storage medium. The storage medium is capable of storing the program on a “temporary tangible medium”. The programs include, by way of example and not limitation, software programs and computer programs.

  The storage medium is, where appropriate, one or more semiconductor-based or other integrated circuits (ICs), such as, but not limited to, a field programmable gate array (FPGA), an application specific IC (ASIC), etc. ), Hard disk drive (HDD), hybrid hard drive (HHD), optical disk, optical disk drive (ODD), magneto-optical disk, magneto-optical drive, floppy diskette, floppy disk drive (FDD), magnetic It may include tape, solid state drive (SSD), RAM drive, secure digital card or drive, any other suitable storage medium, or a suitable combination of two or more thereof. A storage medium may be volatile, non-volatile, or a combination of volatile and non-volatile, where appropriate.

  Further, the program of the present disclosure may be provided to information processing device 200 via any transmission medium (such as a communication network or a broadcast wave) capable of transmitting the program.

  Further, each embodiment of the present disclosure can also be realized in the form of a data signal embedded in a carrier wave, in which a program is embodied by electronic transmission.

  Note that the program of the present disclosure is implemented using a script language such as JavaScript (registered trademark) or Python, a programming language such as C language, Go language, Swift, Kotlin, or Java (registered trademark) by way of example and not limitation. Is done.

  At least a part of the processing in the information processing device 200 may be realized by cloud computing including one or more computers.

  At least part of the processing in the information processing device 200 may be performed by another information processing device. In this case, at least a part of the processing of each functional unit realized by the processor 201 may be performed by another information processing device.

<Others>
Unless explicitly stated, the configuration of the determination in the embodiment of the present disclosure is not essential, and a predetermined process is performed when the determination condition is satisfied, or a predetermined process is performed when the determination condition is not satisfied. May be.

  In this disclosure, “or” has the inclusive, rather than exclusive, meaning unless otherwise stated or indicated by context. Thus, in this disclosure, "A or B" means "A, B, or both," unless stated otherwise or indicated by context. Further, unless otherwise specified or indicated by context, "and" is intended to mean both joint and severe. Thus, as used herein, unless otherwise specified or indicated by context, "A and B" means "A and B, jointly or severally." Further, unless otherwise specified or indicated by context, "a," "an," or "the" shall mean "one or more." Thus, as used herein, unless otherwise indicated or indicated by context, “an A” or “the A” means “one or more A”.

  The present disclosure encompasses all changes, substitutions, variations, alterations, and modifications that may occur to those skilled in the art, to the embodiments and / or examples of the present disclosure. Similarly, where appropriate, the appended claims cover all changes, substitutions, variations, alterations, and modifications that may occur to those skilled in the art for the embodiments and / or examples of the present disclosure. Include. Further, the present disclosure is intended to enable one of ordinary skill in the art to make one or more features of the embodiments and / or examples of the present disclosure and one or more of the other embodiments and / or examples of the present disclosure. And any combination with one or more features.

  Additionally, a device or system or a component of a device or system that is adapted, arranged, capable, configured, usable, operable, or operable to perform a particular function. Reference is made in the appended claims to the device, system, or component so adapted, arranged, capable, configured, enabled, enabled. As long as the device, system or component or its specific features are activated, turned on or unlocked, as long as the device, system or component is activated or operable.

  Hereinafter, embodiments according to an example of the present disclosure will be described with reference to the drawings. However, the embodiments described below are merely examples, and are not intended to exclude various modifications and application of techniques not explicitly described below. That is, an example of the present disclosure can be variously modified and implemented without departing from the spirit thereof. In the following description of the drawings, the same or similar parts are denoted by the same or similar reference numerals, and the drawings are schematic and do not always correspond to actual dimensions and ratios. Further, the drawings may include portions having different dimensional relationships and ratios between drawings.

<Term>
Before specifically describing the embodiments, terms used in the present disclosure will be described first.

  The “blockchain network” in the present disclosure refers to a network configured by two or more information processing apparatuses 200 communicating according to a predetermined communication protocol and sharing information about a blockchain. The blockchain network is, for example, a P2P network. Nodes participating in this blockchain network can directly share information about the blockchain with each other via the network 130. Here, as an example, description will be given assuming that the transaction information is transmitted to the network 130 by broadcast communication. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and may be transmitted by unicast communication or multicast communication. The transaction information broadcast to the blockchain network is received by each information processing device 200 connected to the blockchain network. As an example, the broadcasted transaction information is stored in a block by any information processing device 200 among the information processing devices 200 that have received the transaction information. When the block storing the transaction information is transmitted (for example, broadcast) to the network 130, each of the information processing apparatuses 200 connected to the blockchain network receives the block and receives PoW (Proof of Work) and PoS (Proof). A consensus is formed by an algorithm such as "Stoke of Record", and the block is recorded next to the last determined block.

  In the present disclosure, “smart contract” refers to a program that causes an information processing apparatus to automatically execute a series of processes based on a certain condition. As an example, the smart contract can be implemented on a distributed application platform such as Ethereum, but the implementation means is not limited to this. As an example, in the distributed application, a user account managed by the user and a contract account that executes a contract code (smart contract) based on transaction information or the like received from the user account may be defined. For example, the transaction information broadcast from the user account to the blockchain network is received by each information processing device 200 connected to the blockchain network, and the contract account executes the contract code based on the transaction information, and is determined in advance. A series of processes can be performed. Here, the code (smart contract) of the distributed application is embedded in the blockchain and cannot be tampered with by the PoW mechanism. This code is executed on a node participating in the blockchain network, and the state of the result is also shown in the blockchain. And cannot be tampered with. In addition to instructing execution of the contract code, it is also possible to transfer money to a contract account.

  In the present disclosure, an “account” refers to an account on a blockchain network, and includes, for example, one or more user accounts that a user has, and one or more contract accounts that execute a contract code (smart contract). Is mentioned. According to the present disclosure, an account that automatically executes a series of processes corresponding to a predetermined condition such as receiving a notification from a second to a fourth account is referred to as a first account, and a product is received upon receiving a price. The second account is the account of the seller user who sells the product, the third account is the account of the buyer user who pays the price, and the escrow user mediates the transaction between the buyer user and the seller user. The account is referred to as a fourth account, and the information processing devices associated with the first to fourth accounts are referred to as first to fourth information processing devices, respectively.

  In the present disclosure, the deposit of the consideration and the guarantee fee is made to the first account, not to the fourth account. Therefore, the “intermediation” of the transaction carried out by the escrow user includes, for example, a transaction that is performed when a situation outside the scope of the processing predetermined in the smart contract occurs. Details of the mediation will be described later.

  In the present disclosure, “consideration” is paid by a buyer user to a seller user for goods or services, and “guarantee fee” is paid to an escrow user as a reward for brokering a transaction. The price of the goods or services may be taken as the “compensation” and a separate “guarantee fee” may be charged, or a part of the price of the goods or services may be taken as the “compensation” and the rest as the “guarantee fee”. Good. Deposits and payments can be made by withdrawing from an account or the like, using cash equivalents (points, coupons, electronic money, etc.) that can be used for specific services, using a credit card advance payment, etc. This can also be done by using virtual assets. In addition, as for the deposit and payment method other than the virtual assets that can be used in the blockchain network, for example, the first account is constructed by a server operated by another business (third party) or another business unit, or the like. This can be realized by providing access to an external system (for example, a bank account management system), but the method is not limited to this.

  The “virtual assets” in the present disclosure indicate virtual currencies and tradable assets equivalent thereto. The “virtual currency” is, in principle, one specified in Article 2, Paragraph 5, Items 1 and 2 of the Act on Funds Settlement (Act No. 59 of 2009), or a thing equivalent thereto. It can be distributed as electronic data without physical items such as banknotes and coins, and can be used as a price for goods and services among unspecified large numbers through a network. This means that the manager is not necessarily present but is bought and sold at specialized exchanges and sales outlets, and can be exchanged for a substantial currency such as yen, dollar or euro.

<First embodiment>
In the first embodiment, a transaction between a second account (hereinafter, also referred to as a “seller account”) for selling products and a third account (hereinafter, also referred to as a “buyer account”) for paying a price is made a fourth transaction. In a trading system brokered by an account (hereinafter, also referred to as an “escrow account”), a consideration received by a second account (seller account) and a guarantee fee received by a fourth account (escrow account) are transferred to a first account (hereinafter, “contract”). Account), and if the predetermined conditions are satisfied, the settlement processing is performed in which the deposited consideration is transferred to the second account (seller account) and the guarantee fee is transferred to the fourth account (escrow account). This ensures the security of transactions between sellers and buyers and The is an embodiment to ensure also the reliability of the brokerage business to do.

  In the first embodiment, a first information processing device (hereinafter, also referred to as “contract information processing device”) 200A that performs a process based on a contract code, and a second information processing device (hereinafter, “seller”) used by a seller user. 200B), a third information processing device (hereinafter, also referred to as “buyer information processing device”) 200C used by the buyer user, and a fourth information processing device (hereinafter, referred to as “buyer information processing device”) used by the escrow user. The communication system 1 is connected to the 200D via the network 130. Such a communication system may be configured as part of a trading system for goods or services.

  The buyer information processing device 200C is an example of an information processing device associated with a buyer account. The buyer user can purchase goods or services provided by the seller user using the buyer information processing device 200C. At this time, the buyer user can create transaction information at a predetermined timing using the buyer information processing device 200C, and transmit the transaction information to the blockchain network with the contract account as a destination. The transaction information includes, for example, information relating to goods or services to be transacted, consideration thereof, a transaction guarantee fee, information relating to a seller account and a buyer account, and information relating to an escrow account selected from a plurality of candidates. Further, when the buyer user receives a product or service, the buyer information processing device 200C creates a notification to that effect and transmits the notification to the blockchain network with the contract account as the destination.

  Further, prior to the transmission of the transaction information, the buyer information processing device 200C creates advance information used to determine an escrow account that mediates the transaction, transmits the information to the block chain network with the contract account as a destination, and The consensus building process required for account determination can also be performed via a contract account. The advance information includes, for example, information on goods or services to be traded, the price thereof, a desired guarantee fee, and information on a seller account and a buyer account.

  The contract information processing device 200A is an example of an information processing device associated with a contract account, and temporarily receives the consideration and the guarantee fee when receiving transaction information for depositing the compensation for the product or service and the guarantee fee. Based on the received and received transaction information, a deposit processing for transmitting a shipping instruction to the seller account is performed.

  Next, the contract information processing apparatus 200A moves the consideration from the contract account to the seller account when receiving a result notification that the goods or services have been received from the buyer account that has deposited the consideration regarding the transaction information that has been subjected to the deposit processing. Then, a settlement process for moving the guarantee fee from the contract account to the escrow account is performed. As a result, the security of transactions between the seller account and the buyer account can be ensured, and the reliability of the intermediary operation of the escrow account can be ensured.

  The seller information processing device 200B is an example of an information processing device associated with a seller account, creates information on a product to be sold or a service to be provided at an arbitrary timing, and is generated by the buyer information processing device 200C via the network 130. The information can be made browsable. When transaction information is created and transmitted to the blockchain network when the buyer account purchases any product or service, the seller information processing device 200B receives a shipping instruction from the contract account. In the shipping instruction, the information included in the information on the transaction information includes, for example, information on the goods or services to be transacted, the consideration thereof, a guarantee fee for the transaction, information on a seller account, a buyer account, and information on an escrow 4 account. The information may also include information indicating that the contract account has been paid for, information on the date of shipment or arrival of the product, or the date on which the service is provided.

  In addition, when the seller user sends out a product or provides a service or the like, the seller information processing device 200B can create a notification to that effect and transmit the notification to the blockchain network with the contract account as the destination. . Further, prior to receiving the information on the transaction information, the seller information processing device 200B may receive the information on the advance information from the contract account, and may perform a consensus building process required for determining the escrow account via the contract account. it can.

  The escrow information processing device 200D is an example of an information processing device associated with an escrow account, and receives a decision notification from a contract account when a transaction to be brokered is determined. In addition to the above-mentioned transaction information, this decision notification may also include information that the contract account has been deposited with a guarantee fee, or information that is an indication of the date of shipment or arrival of goods or the date of providing services. Good. Prior to receiving the decision notification, the escrow information processing device 200D may receive the information on the above-mentioned advance information from the contract account, and may perform a consensus building process required for deciding the escrow account via the contract account.

<Effect of First Embodiment>
According to the first embodiment, when the consideration of the product is deposited in the contract account, and the predetermined condition is satisfied, in addition to the escrow for the product transaction by paying the deposited consideration to the seller account, the guarantee fee is also reduced. When the deposit is deposited in the contract account and a predetermined condition is satisfied, the deposited guarantee fee is paid to the escrow account, so that the escrow for the brokerage business can be performed at the same time. In other words, the escrow account does not deposit the consideration but only mediates the transaction, and when the mediation is achieved, a brokerage fee is received in the form of a guarantee fee. As a result, the security of transactions between the seller account and the buyer account can be ensured, and the reliability of the intermediary operation of the escrow account can be ensured.

<Functional Configuration of First Embodiment>
The first information processing apparatus (contract information processing apparatus) 200A, the second information processing apparatus (seller information processing apparatus) 200B, the third information processing apparatus (buyer information processing apparatus) 200C, The functional configuration of the four information processing apparatus (escrow information processing apparatus) 200D will be described.

  FIGS. 3 and 5 to 7 show an example of a block diagram illustrating a functional configuration of each of the information processing apparatuses 200A to 200D according to the first embodiment. The functional units disclosed in FIGS. 3 and 5 to 7 are realized by cooperation of a processor 201, a memory 202, a storage 203, an input / output I / F 204, and a communication I / F 205 included in the information processing apparatus 200. You. That is, the processor 201 of the information processing apparatus 200 illustrated in FIG. 2 loads various programs (control programs, arithmetic programs, and the like) stored in the storage 203 into the memory 202 (for example, RAM). Then, the processor 201 interprets and executes various programs developed in the memory 202 and controls each hardware component, so that a functional configuration described below is realized.

  Each function realized by each of the information processing apparatuses 200A to 200D may be realized by a processor 201 such as a general-purpose CPU, or a part or all of the functions may be realized by one or more dedicated processors 201. It may be realized. Further, the functional configuration realized by each of the information processing devices 200A to 200D may be omitted, replaced, or added as appropriate according to the embodiment or the example.

(1) Functional Configuration of Contract Information Processing Device 200A The contract information processing device 200A is an example of an information processing device associated with a contract account, and includes an input / output I / F 311, a communication I / F 312, a control unit 320, A storage unit 330. The input / output I / F 311 corresponds to the input / output I / F 204 in FIG. 2, and the communication I / F 312 corresponds to the communication I / F 205 in FIG. The storage unit 330 is realized using the memory 202 and / or the storage 203. Further, the control unit 320 includes a receiving unit 321, a BC information processing unit 322, a contract processing unit 323, and a transmitting unit 324. Note that the contract processing unit 323 performs information processing based on a contract code as described later, and if it is subdivided for each type of such information processing, for example, a prior information processing unit 3231 and a transaction information processing unit 3232 , A settlement processing unit 3233, and a progress processing unit 3234.

  The storage unit 330 stores a BC information DB 331, an escrow information DB 332, and a program 333. The receiving unit 321, the BC information processing unit 322, the contract processing unit 323, and the transmitting unit 324 are realized by the processor 201 reading and executing the program 333 stored in the storage unit 330. As a result, the communication system 1 for performing transactions in which security and reliability are secured is constructed. Hereinafter, the storage unit 330 will be described, and then the control unit 320 will be described.

The BC information DB 331 includes information received by the receiving unit 321 from the second to fourth accounts via the blockchain network, information transmitted by the transmitting unit 324 to the second to fourth accounts via the blockchain network, , Is an example of a database that stores. Further, it is preferable that the BC information DB 331 records information of goods or services and information capable of identifying a seller account in association with each other.
Note that the BC information DB 331 may store all information transmitted to the blockchain network. For example, a contract code for causing a contract processing unit 323 described later to execute a predetermined process may be stored.

  The information that the receiving unit 321 receives from the seller account and / or the buyer account via the blockchain network includes, for example, advance information and transaction information. In addition, examples of the information received from the seller account include, for example, a notification regarding shipping of a product. Further, the information received from the buyer account includes, for example, a notification regarding the arrival of a product or the like. The information received from the escrow account includes, for example, a notification regarding a contract for brokering a transaction. In addition to the above, regarding the transaction information received by the contract account, a response notification to a notification given to each account for confirming the progress of the transaction may be given.

  The information transmitted by the transmission unit 324 to the seller account via the blockchain network includes, for example, information on escrow candidates, information on transaction information, and information on settlement of consideration. Information transmitted to the buyer account includes, for example, information on escrow candidates. Further, the information to be transmitted to the escrow account includes, for example, information on candidates for escrowable transactions, information on transaction information, information on settlement of guarantee fees, and the like. Further, in addition to the above, regarding the transaction information received by the contract account, there is a notification given to each account to confirm the progress of the transaction.

  FIG. 4 is a diagram schematically illustrating a part of a data structure stored in the BC information DB 331, and illustrates a structure of an (N + 1) -th block among blocks arranged in time series. For example, the digest, time stamp, target, and nonce of the N-th block are stored in the header of the (N + 1) -th block. Here, the target is a value used when mining is performed using the existing PoW (Proof of Work) technology. Nonce refers to any value. Explaining mining in detail, the information processing apparatus 200 (block chain node) that performs mining repeatedly changes the value of the nonce to find a nonce whose digest of the block header is equal to or smaller than the target. Calculate the digest of the header (mining). When an appropriate nonce is found, the information processing device 200 that performs mining stores the found nonce and creates a block. Mining is an extremely expensive operation, since the probability of the digest of the block header containing any nonce being below the target is extremely small. Note that mining is not limited to a configuration using PoW technology. For example, each information processing device 200 may be configured to add a block to the end of the block chain, regardless of whether the header of the created block is equal to or smaller than the target value. In this case, the block stored in the BC information DB 331 may not include the target and the nonce. Furthermore, when the blockchain is a private type or a consortium type, a configuration in which mining is not performed may be employed. In the example of FIG. 4, a plurality of pieces of transaction information or notifications are stored in the body of the block.

  Among the information stored in the BC information DB 331, each information included in the advance information and the transaction information will be described below.

  The advance information includes, as information used when the advance information processing unit 3231 performs the escrow account candidate extraction process, for example, information on goods or services to be traded, the price thereof, a seller user and / or a buyer user Includes the amount of the guarantee fee to be paid, as well as information about the seller and buyer accounts.

  Here, the information on the goods or services to be traded includes, for example, information on the category of the goods or services (for example, fruits and vegetables or electronic devices) in addition to the specific name of the goods or services.

  Further, the amount of the guarantee fee desired by the seller user and / or the buyer user may be, for example, the amount of the guarantee fee desired by one of the seller user or the buyer user for the individual transaction of the product or service, or the seller prior to the transaction. The amount of the guarantee fee agreed in advance by the user and the buyer user is stored.

  Further, the information on the seller account and the buyer account includes, for example, credit information of the seller account and the buyer account based on the transaction history, transaction information of the seller account and the buyer account, and the seller account and the buyer related to the transportation of goods. Includes account location information. The credit information of the seller account and the buyer account is created by the BC information processing unit 322 of the contract information processing device 200A from the transaction history stored in the distributed ledger (block chain) and stored as a part of the advance information. Is also good.

  The transaction information includes, as information used when the transaction information processing unit 3232 performs the deposit processing, for example, information on goods or services to be transacted, information on depositing a consideration and a guarantee fee into a contract account, information on a second account. Information about the fourth to fourth accounts is stored.

  Here, examples of the information on the goods or services to be dealt with are the same as those exemplified in the advance information. In addition, as information indicating that the consideration and the guarantee fee are to be deposited in the contract account, for example, when depositing a usable virtual asset in the blockchain network, the consideration and the guarantee fee are transferred from each account to the contract account. To the effect. When depositing assets other than virtual assets that can be used in the blockchain network, for example, the first account is constructed by a server operated by another company (third party) or another business unit, or the like. Information to enable access to an external system (eg, a bank account management system). However, the present invention is not limited to the above, and may be any information as long as the consideration and the guarantee fee are deposited in the contract account.

  The information on the second to fourth accounts includes, for example, an address (identifier) of each account, and information on a depositee of a deposited consideration and a guarantee fee.

  The escrow information DB 332 is an example of a database that stores information about escrow users who are candidates for an escrow account, and the advance information processing unit 3231 extracts escrow account candidates from the database.

  The escrow information DB 332 includes, for example, information on a product or service category that the escrow user can mediate, information on the upper and lower limits of the value that can be brokered, information on a desired guarantee fee And the credit information of the intermediary seller account and buyer account are stored.

  In addition, the escrow information DB 332 stores the escrow user's credit information based on the intermediation history up to now, and information on merchandise or services, information on compensation and guarantee fees, etc. Information that is not registered may be stored. The escrow user's credit information and intermediary record information are created by the BC information processing unit 322 of the contract information processing device 200A from the transaction history stored in the distributed ledger (blockchain) and processed as a part of the advance information by the processing unit. Can be created and stored in the escrow information DB 332.

  Next, the control unit 320 will be described below.

  The receiving unit 321 receives advance information, transaction information, and other notifications transmitted to the blockchain network from the seller information processing apparatus, the buyer information processing apparatus, and the escrow information processing apparatus via the input / output I / F 204. It has a function to perform processing.

  The BC information processing unit 322 has a function of performing a value output process based on the transaction history stored in the BC information DB 331. For example, a process of creating credit information for a seller account, a buyer account, and an escrow account based on the transaction history can be performed.

  The credit information of the seller account and the buyer account may be used to identify factors that reduce the reliability of the transaction, such as non-compliance or delay in contact due to the liability of the account, or the reliability of the transaction, such as promptness of each contact or product shipment. It can be created in consideration of factors that improve the performance. In addition, the credit information of the escrow account can be created in consideration of, for example, whether or not a highly satisfactory broker has been performed as an escrow in the case of trouble in the transaction. Further, in addition to the above, at the timing such as after the end of the transaction, an evaluation given from each account to another account can be considered when creating the credit information.

  The credit information created here can be used, for example, as a basis for determining whether the seller user and the buyer user make a transaction with each other, and also used as a basis for determining whether the escrow user mediates the transaction. be able to. Further, the credit information may be considered as an element for determining the amount of the guarantee fee when conducting a transaction. For example, when both the credit of the seller account and the credit of the buyer account are high, the amount of the guarantee fee can be kept low to match the transaction risk. If the credit of the escrow account is high, the amount of the guarantee fee may be increased to match the credit of the escrow.

  The BC information processing unit 322 may create information on the guarantee fee corresponding to the credit information together with the credit information. For example, information on the guarantee fee may be set so that a higher-guaranteed seller account and a buyer account can present a lower guarantee fee, and a higher-credit escrow account can present a higher guarantee fee. You can determine the range of guarantee fees that can be presented for each account. Further, the minimum guarantee fee that can be presented by the seller account and the buyer account with low creditworthiness may be high, and the minimum guarantee fee that can be presented by the escrow account with low creditworthiness may be low. However, the actual amount of the guarantee fee can be determined for each transaction within the range of the guarantee fee that can be presented by each account participating in the transaction.

  Note that the credit information created by the BC information processing unit 322 and the information on the guarantee fee corresponding to the credit information may be stored in the management table in the BC information DB 331 in association with each account. In addition, information on the credit information of the escrow account and the guarantee fee corresponding to the credit information may be stored in the escrow information DB 332. Further, the code for causing the advance information processing unit 3231 to execute the processing includes a guarantee amount desired by the seller account and / or the buyer account stored in the advance information and a guarantee linked to the escrow account stored in the escrow information DB 332. Based on the information on the fee, a candidate of the escrow user who can mediate the transaction may be extracted.

  The contract processing unit 323 has a function of performing information processing based on a contract code when a predetermined condition is satisfied. , A transaction information processing unit 3232, a settlement processing unit 3233, and a progress processing unit 3234.

  The prior information processing unit 3231, for example, when receiving prior information, performs a process of extracting a candidate of an escrow user who can broker a transaction based on the prior information and information stored in the escrow information DB 332, It has a function of performing a process of transmitting a notification to the seller account and / or the buyer account via the transmission unit 324. When transmitting the candidate of the escrow user to the seller account and / or the buyer account, it is possible to transmit information on the credibility of the candidate and / or the guarantee fee necessary for selecting the candidate. In this case, the seller account and / or the buyer account select an escrow account that mediates the transaction from among the candidates of the escrow user, and transmit transaction information including the selected escrow account to the contract account. Before sending the transaction information, an agreement forming process for confirming whether or not to agree to broker the transaction with the escrow user selected as the escrow account may be performed.

  Alternatively, in place of the above, when receiving the advance information, the advance information processing unit 3231 extracts a candidate of an escrow user who can mediate a transaction based on the advance information and the information stored in the escrow information DB 332. And a function of transmitting information regarding advance information to one or more candidate escrow users, and a function of receiving a notification from the candidate escrow user that he / she wishes to mediate a transaction. Has a function of transmitting information on the candidate to the seller account and / or the buyer account. The information on the candidate may include information on the credibility of the candidate and / or a guarantee fee required to select the candidate. In this case, the seller account and / or the buyer account select an escrow account that mediates the transaction from among the received candidates, and transmit transaction information including the selected escrow account to the contract account.

  The transaction information processing unit 3232 transmits, for example, a function of performing a deposit process for temporarily depositing a consideration and a guarantee fee when transaction information is received, and information about the transaction information to the seller account via the transmission unit 324. It has a function to perform processing. Further, the information regarding the transaction information may be transmitted to an escrow account.

  The settlement processing unit 3233 has, for example, a function of performing a settlement process of moving the deposited consideration to the seller account and moving the guarantee fee to the escrow account when a notification regarding the arrival of a product or the like is received from the buyer account. Further, when a notice such as the shipment of a product is not received from the seller account for a certain period of time, a settlement process in which the deposited consideration and guarantee fee are refunded from the contract account to the buyer account can be performed.

  The progress processing unit 3234 performs a process of transmitting a notification requesting a status report to the seller account and / or the escrow account, for example, when the notification regarding the shipping of the product or the like is not received from the seller account for a certain period or more, A function of performing a process of transmitting a notification requesting a status report to the buyer account and / or the escrow account via the transmission unit 324 when a notification regarding the arrival of goods or the like from the buyer account is not received for a predetermined period or more.

  The transmission unit 324 has a function of performing a process of transmitting each piece of information to the blockchain network via the input / output I / F 204 based on an instruction from the contract processing unit 323.

(2) Functional Configuration of Seller Information Processing Device 200B The seller information processing device 200B is an example of an information processing device associated with a seller account, and includes an input / output I / F 511, a communication I / F 512, a control unit 520, A storage unit 530. The input / output I / F 511 corresponds to the input / output I / F 204 in FIG. 2, and the communication I / F 512 corresponds to the communication I / F 205 in FIG. Further, the control unit 520 includes a sales unit 521, a receiving unit 522, and a transmitting unit 523. The storage unit 530 has a product information DB 531, a BC information DB 532, and a program 533. The selling unit 521, the receiving unit 522, and the transmitting unit 523 are realized by the processor 201 reading and executing the program 533 stored in the storage unit 530. The storage unit 530 is realized using the memory 202 and / or the storage 203. Hereinafter, the storage unit 530 will be described, and then the control unit 520 will be described.

  The product information DB 531 is an example of a database in which products handled by seller users are stored. The product information DB 531 stores products handled by the seller user and a management table. As an example, the management table stores products handled by the seller user and the statuses of the products in association with each other. Here, as the status of the product, for example, during sale, after receiving information on transaction information and before sending out the product, after sending out the product and before sending a notification about shipping of the product, shipping of the product, etc. After the notification of the notification is transmitted, before the settlement, after the settlement, and the like. The product information DB 531 only needs to record information on products handled by the seller user, and does not necessarily need to include the management table. The product information DB 531 may include information on services to be provided.

  The BC information DB 532 is an example of a database that stores information received by the receiving unit 522 from another account via the blockchain network and information transmitted from the transmitting unit 324 to another account via the blockchain network. is there. The BC information DB 532 may store all information transmitted to the blockchain network.

  The sales unit 521 has a function of disclosing a product for sale to a third party. For example, the sales unit 521 has a function of creating information on a product for sale and information on a product for sale via the network 130. And a function of performing a process for making the user browsable. The information on the product to be sold is stored in the product information DB 531. The selling unit 521 has a function of restricting the browsing to the buyer account when the status of the product is after receiving the information on the transaction information. The sales unit 521 may have a function of disclosing services to be provided to a third party.

  The receiving unit 522 has a function of performing a process of receiving a notification transmitted from another information processing device via the input / output I / F 204. In response to the received notification, the product information DB 531 can perform a process of updating information in the management table. For example, for a product in the status before receiving the information on the transaction information, if the information on the transaction information is received, the status is updated before the product is shipped, and the information on the transaction information is the information on the estimated shipping date. If it does, the target date is also stored and managed so that the shipment of the product is completed by the target date. If payment information is received to transfer the consideration from the contract account to the seller account, the status is updated after the payment.

  Further, the transmission unit 523 transmits each information to the blockchain network via the input / output I / F 204 based on the instruction received from the contract account, the input from the seller user, the status of the product stored in the product information DB 531 and the like. It has a function of performing transmission processing. For example, for a product in a status after the product is shipped and before the notification of the product shipping or the like is transmitted, a process of transmitting the product shipping or the like notification to the contract account is performed. When these processes are performed, the status of the BC information DB 532 is updated.

(3) Functional Configuration of Buyer Information Processing Device 200C The buyer information processing device 200C is an example of an information processing device associated with a buyer account, and includes an input / output I / F 611, a communication I / F 612, a control unit 620, A storage unit 630. The input / output I / F 611 corresponds to the input / output I / F 204 in FIG. 2, and the communication I / F 612 corresponds to the communication I / F 205 in FIG. Further, the control unit 620 includes a purchase unit 621, a reception unit 622, and a transmission unit 623. The storage unit 630 includes a purchase information DB 631, a BC information DB 632, and a program 633. The purchasing unit 621, the receiving unit 622, and the transmitting unit 623 are realized by the processor 201 reading and executing the program 633 stored in the storage unit 630. The storage unit 630 is realized using the memory 202 and / or the storage 203. Hereinafter, the storage unit 630 will be described, and then the control unit 620 will be described.

  The purchase information DB 631 is an example of a database in which information on products for which a buyer user has applied for purchase is stored. The purchase information DB 631 stores products for which the buyer user has applied for purchase and a management table. As an example, the management table stores the products for which the buyer user has applied for purchase and the statuses of the products in association with each other. Here, the status of the product may be, for example, after sending the advance information, after sending the advance information and before sending the transaction information, after sending the transaction information and before receiving the shipping notification of the product, and after receiving the shipping notification of the product. Information before the product arrives, after the product arrives and before the notification of the arrival of the product, etc., and after the notification of the arrival of the product etc., and before the settlement, after the settlement, and the like. Further, the purchase information DB 631 only needs to record the information of the product for which the buyer user has applied for the purchase, and does not necessarily need to include the management table. Note that the purchase information DB 631 may include information on services.

  The BC information DB 632 is an example of a database that stores information received by the receiving unit 622 from another account via the blockchain network, and information transmitted from the transmitting unit 623 to another account via the blockchain network. is there. The BC information DB 632 may store all information transmitted to the blockchain network.

  The purchase unit 621 has a function of making an application for purchase of a product being sold, and has, for example, a function of creating advance information and transaction information on a product to be purchased. Information on the product for which purchase has been requested is stored in the purchase information DB 631. The sales unit 521 may have a function of disclosing services to be provided to a third party.

  The receiving unit 622 has a function of performing a process of receiving a notification transmitted from another information processing device via the input / output I / F 204. In response to the received notification, the purchase information DB 631 can perform a process of updating information in the management table. For example, if a product shipping notification is received, the status is updated after the product shipping notification is received and before the product arrives, and if the product shipping notification includes information on the estimated date of the result report, It also remembers the guide date and manages to finish the result report by the guide date.

  Further, the transmitting unit 623 transmits each information to the blockchain network via the input / output I / F 204 based on the instruction received from the contract account, the input from the buyer user, the status of the product stored in the purchase information DB 631, and the like. It has a function of performing transmission processing. For example, for a product in a status after transmission of prior information and before transmission of transaction information, and for which the selection of an escrow account for mediating the transaction has been completed, the transaction information in which consideration is deposited in the contract account is transmitted to the contract account. Processing is performed, and processing is performed to transmit a result notification indicating that the product has been received to the contract account with respect to the product in the status after the product has arrived and before the notification of the arrival of the product has been transmitted. When these processes are performed, the purchase information DB 631 updates the status of the product.

(4) Functional Configuration of Escrow Information Processing Apparatus 200D The escrow information processing apparatus 200D is an example of an information processing apparatus associated with an escrow account, and includes an input / output I / F 711, a communication I / F 712, a control unit 720, A storage unit 730. The input / output I / F 711 corresponds to the input / output I / F 204 in FIG. 2, and the communication I / F 712 corresponds to the communication I / F 205 in FIG. Further, the control unit 720 includes an intermediation condition registration unit 721, a reception unit 722, and a transmission unit 723. The storage unit 730 includes a mediation information DB 731, a BC information DB 732, and a program 733. The mediation condition registration unit 721, the reception unit 722, and the transmission unit 723 are realized by the processor 201 reading and executing the program 733 stored in the storage unit 730. The storage unit 730 is realized using the memory 202 and / or the storage 203. Hereinafter, the storage unit 730 will be described, and then the control unit 720 will be described.

  The mediation information DB 731 is an example of a database in which information on transactions that the escrow user mediates is stored. The mediation information DB 731 stores a product that the escrow user mediates and a management table. In the management table, as an example, the merchandise that the escrow user mediates and the status of the merchandise are stored in association with each other. Here, as the status of the product, for example, after the prior information transmission, after the transaction information transmission and before receiving the product shipping notification, after receiving the product shipping notification and before reaching the product, The information before transmission of the notification about the arrival of the product, after the transmission of the notification about the arrival of the product, and before the payment, after the payment, and the like. Further, the brokerage information DB 731 only needs to record the information of the transaction that the escrow user brokers, and does not necessarily need to include the management table. The mediation information DB 731 may include service information.

  The BC information DB 732 is an example of a database that stores information received by the receiving unit 722 from another account via the blockchain network and information transmitted from the transmitting unit 724 to another account via the blockchain network. is there. The BC information DB 732 may store all information transmitted to the blockchain network.

  The mediation condition registration unit 721 has a function of performing a process of registering information on a brokerable transaction in the escrow information DB 332 of the contract information processing device 200A. The information to be registered in the escrow information DB 332 in advance includes information on categories of merchandise or services that can be brokered by the escrow user, information on upper and lower limits of consideration that can be brokered, amount of desired guarantee fee, seller account that can be brokered, The credit information of the buyer account is stored. Note that the desired amount of the guarantee fee can be determined within a range defined by the information on the guarantee fee created by the BC information processing unit 322 of the contract information processing device 200A.

  The receiving unit 722 has a function of performing a process of receiving a notification transmitted from another information processing device via the input / output I / F 204. In response to the received notification, the mediation information DB 731 can perform a process of updating information in the management table. For example, if a product shipping notification is received, the status is updated after the product shipping notification is received and before the product arrives, and if the product shipping notification includes information on the estimated date of the result report, The target date is also memorized, and it is managed whether a result report is made by the target date.

  The transmitting unit 723 performs a process of transmitting each piece of information to the blockchain network via the input / output I / F 204 based on the instruction received from the contract account, the status of the product stored in the mediation information DB 731, and the like. It has a function to perform. For example, when a notification indicating that the transaction is incomplete is received from the progress processing unit 3234 of the contract information processing device 200A, the status of the transaction is organized using a management table or the like, and the transaction is recognized as incomplete based on the transaction information. If it is not possible, a message to the effect that a normal settlement process will be performed is sent to the contract account, and if a transaction is found to be inadequate, a message to the effect that a refund and return process or a reduction process is to be sent to the contract account.

<Operation Processing of First Embodiment>
The processing of the information processing apparatus according to the first embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 8 shows an example of a sequence diagram illustrating a process performed by the communication system 1 in the first embodiment, and FIG. 9 shows an example of a flowchart of a process in the contract information processing device 200A in the first embodiment. Note that the processing procedure described below is merely an example, and each processing may be changed as much as possible within the scope of the technical idea of the present disclosure, and steps may be omitted, replaced, and added as appropriate. is there. Further, each process performed by the contract information processing device 200A can be executed based on a contract code, that is, by a smart contract.

(Process to determine escrow account and guarantee fee)
First, the flow of a process for determining an escrow account and a guarantee fee will be described with reference to FIGS. First, in step S801, by applying for a purchase of a product from a buyer account to a seller account, an agreement is formed to start a transaction between the seller account and the buyer account.

  At this time, the payment source of the guarantee fee and the amount of the guarantee fee desired by the payment source can be agreed. The payment source of the guarantee fee may be either the seller account or the buyer account, or may be both the seller account and the buyer account. The desired amount of the guarantee fee may be determined within the range of the information on the guarantee fee corresponding to the credit information such as the payment source.

  The payer of the guarantee fee and the amount of the guarantee fee desired by the payer can, in principle, be determined by both the seller account and the buyer account and have mutual agreement. In this case, a consensus forming process required to reach an agreement can be performed in step S801. Specifically, one or both accounts may indicate the source of the payment and the request for the guarantee fee, and if they cannot agree with each other, a method of repeating the notification of re-presenting the request of the source of the payment and the guarantee fee until the agreement can be reached is repeated. No.

  As a method of simplifying such exchange, a method in which one account presents conditions that can be agreed in advance and the other account agrees with the conditions may be adopted. For example, the seller account may present the product to be sold, and may indicate that the buyer account bears the entire guarantee fee and that the guarantee fee is equal to or greater than a predetermined amount as the sale conditions, and agrees to the sale conditions. In this case, there is a way for the buyer account to apply for purchase. Alternatively, if the buyer's account indicates that the seller account is to be paid in full along with the purchase application, the guarantee fee shall be borne by the seller account in full, and the guarantee fee shall be equal to or greater than the prescribed amount, and the buyer agrees to the purchase conditions. The seller account may also approve the purchase request. Regarding the agreement of the amount of the guarantee fee, the amount of the guarantee fee may be presented, or an escrow company may be presented instead of the amount of the guarantee fee. In place of the above, the payment source of the guarantee fee and the amount of the guarantee fee desired by the payment source may be changed by the seller account or the buyer account by waiving the right of determination, so that the seller account and the buyer account You may decide.

  Hereinafter, a description will be given of an aspect in which the buyer account pays the guarantee fee in full, but is not limited to the following.

  In step S802, the seller account and / or the buyer account transmit the advance information including the amount of the desired guarantee fee agreed as described above to the block chain network to the contract account. The contract account that has received the advance information extracts escrow account candidates based on the advance information (S803, S901 to S902). As a specific method, there is a method of extracting, from the escrow information DB 332, candidates for an escrow account that can request intermediation based on the amount of the desired guarantee fee. In addition, in addition to this, the escrow information DB 332 has information on the category of goods or services that can be brokered by the escrow user, information on the upper and lower limits of the brokerable consideration, and credit information on the brokerable seller account and buyer account. Considering this, the escrow account candidates may be extracted from the escrow information DB 332.

  The contract account may provide the extracted candidates with the blockchain network addressing the seller account and / or the buyer account, if necessary, along with the creditworthiness of the candidate and / or the guarantee fee required to select the candidate. (S804, S903). Then, the seller account and / or the buyer account select an escrow account from a plurality of candidates through a consensus building process (S805). As a specific method, one or both accounts present the desired escrow account, judge whether they can agree, and if they can not agree, repeat the notification exchange that they will re-present the escrow account hope until they can agree Method. Alternatively, one of the seller account and the buyer account may give up the right of selection, and one of the seller account and the buyer account may select the escrow account, or only the source of the guarantee fee may change the escrow account. You may have the right to choose.

  If the agreement of the amount of the guarantee fee in step 801 is to agree with the escrow company instead of the amount of the guarantee fee, steps S802 to S805 can be omitted.

  By performing the above processing, a guarantee fee and an escrow account are determined for each transaction.

(Deposit processing)
Next, the flow of the deposit processing will be described with reference to FIGS. In steps S806 and S904, the buyer account transmits transaction information for depositing the consideration and the guarantee fee from the buyer account into the contract account, and the contract account receives the transaction information.

  Then, based on the received transaction information, the contract account performs a depositing process for temporarily depositing a consideration and a guarantee fee (S807, S905). For example, in the case of using a virtual asset for payment, the transaction information is information relating to transfer of the virtual asset from the source to the contract account, and includes an encryption key (of the virtual asset) owned by the user who owns the source virtual asset. The information includes information digitally signed with a key for certifying ownership, and is transmitted to the blockchain network, whereby the deposit is made to the contract account. In the case of using assets other than virtual assets, the transaction information is stored in, for example, an external system (for example, a bank) in which a contract account is constructed by a server operated by another business (third party) or another business unit. Account management system), and by using this information, the assets of the seller account or buyer account managed by the external system are transferred to the contract account so that the contract account can be accessed. A deposit is made. It should be noted that the assets of the seller account or the buyer account managed by the external system may be transferred to the contract account managed by another external system, thereby depositing the contract account. However, the deposit method is not limited to the above as long as the processing of depositing the consideration and the guarantee fee into the contract account is performed.

  Then, in steps S808 and 906, the contract account transmits information on the transaction information to the seller account based on the received transaction information. At this time, the transaction information processing unit 3232 outputs an estimated date of shipping or arriving of the product or a date of providing the service according to the category of the product or service and the credit information of the seller account and the buyer account. Information can be included.

  For example, when a product such as fruits and vegetables has a consumption expiration date, the reliability of the transaction can be secured by setting the shipping date or the arrival date of the product earlier. Further, even when the credit information of the seller account is low, the reliability of the transaction can be secured by setting the shipping date or the arrival date of the product earlier. In addition, if the number of transactions between the seller account and the buyer account is large and it is determined that the transactions between the two accounts are performed stably, the shipping date or the arrival date of the product may be set later. . In addition, information that is a guide for the shipping date or arrival date of goods or the provision date of services will be sent by the progress confirmation unit to the seller account or escrow account to confirm the transaction status after the expiration date Also used for things.

  By performing the above processing, the consideration and the guarantee fee are deposited in the contract account for each transaction.

(Process related to notification of completion)
In step 809, after the merchandise is shipped, the seller account sends a completion notification to the contract account indicating that the act to be compensated has been performed. Here, the completion notification that the act for which compensation is performed has been performed means, for example, a notification regarding the shipment of the product if the compensation is for a product, and a provision regarding the provision of the service if the service is a service. Refers to notifications. At this time, the progress processing unit 3234 outputs a guide date on which the buyer account should report the arrival of the product to the contract account in accordance with the date on which the notification regarding the shipment of the product is received. The buyer account may be notified.

  After receiving the notification regarding the shipment of the product, the BC information processing unit 322 of the contract information processing apparatus 200A checks the creditworthiness of the seller account if the date of the notification is earlier than the estimated shipping date of the product. An improvement process can be performed. If the seller does not receive a notice regarding the shipment of goods from the seller account within a predetermined period, for example, after the estimated shipment date of the goods, etc., the consideration and the guarantee fee are transferred from the contract account to the buyer account. A refund process for moving to the destination may be performed. Further, instead of the refund process, a notification for confirming the status of the transaction may be transmitted to the escrow account. At this time, the BC information processing unit 322 of the contract information processing device 200A can perform a process of reducing the credit of the seller account.

(Processing for result notification)
In step 810, the buyer account that has received the product sends a result notification that the product or service has been received to the contract account. Here, the result notification indicating that the product or service has been received is, for example, a notification regarding the arrival of the product if the object of consideration is a product, and a service that has been provided if the service is a service. Notifications about

  After receiving the notification regarding the arrival of the goods, the BC information processing unit 322 of the contract information processing apparatus 200A determines the creditworthiness of the buyer account if the date of the notification is earlier than the estimated report date of the arrival of the goods. You may perform the process which improves. Also, if a result notification is not received from the buyer account within a predetermined period, a notification is sent to prompt the buyer account to send the result notification, and a notification confirming the status of the transaction related to the transaction information is sent to the escrow account. May be sent.

  Further, when a notification indicating that the transaction related to the transaction information is defective is received instead of the result notification from the buyer account, the progress processing unit 3234 of the contract information processing device 200A notifies the escrow account that the defect has been performed. A notification may be sent to the buyer account requesting proof from the buyer, and the proof of failure may be received from the escrow account.

  The escrow account arranges the status of the transaction, sends to the contract account that normal settlement processing will be performed if the transaction is not defective based on the transaction information, and refunds if the transaction is defective And a message to the effect that the product will be returned or reduced will be sent to the escrow account. The escrow account's decision process regarding transaction deficiencies is carried out based on the agreement between the seller account and the buyer account, and the exchange of notifications between each account and proof of whether there is any deficiency must be performed via the blockchain network. Can be. As a result, the transaction history is stored in the BC information DB 331.

(Payment processing)
In step 811, the contract account transfers the consideration from the contract account to the seller account and receives the guarantee fee from the contract account when receiving the result notification that the goods or services have been received from the buyer account that deposited the consideration. Perform payment processing to move to.

  If the seller does not receive a notification of product shipment from the seller account for a certain period of time, since the product has not been exchanged, the payment and guarantee fee deposited from the contract account must be refunded from the contract account to the buyer account. It can be carried out. On the other hand, if there is a defect in the transaction after receiving the notification of the shipment of the product, etc., and if the mediation by the escrow account is performed, the guarantee fee will be transferred to the escrow account regardless of the success or failure of the transaction Settlement processing can be performed. In addition, the case where the transaction is defective after receiving the notification of the shipment of the product may be, for example, a case where the notification regarding the arrival of the product has not been received from the buyer account for a certain period of time or the product arrived from the buyer account is incomplete. For example, a case where a notification to the effect that the user has been received is received.

  In this way, in addition to escrow for merchandise transactions by depositing the consideration of the product in the contract account and paying the deposited consideration to the seller account when the prescribed conditions are satisfied, depositing the guarantee fee in the contract account, When the predetermined condition is satisfied, the escrow for the brokerage business can be performed by paying the deposited guarantee fee to the escrow account. For this reason, it is possible to secure the security of transactions between the seller account and the buyer account and also to secure the reliability of the intermediary business of the escrow account.

<< 1st Example >>
Subsequently, a first example of the first embodiment will be described. In a first example of the first embodiment, in a process for determining an escrow account and a guarantee fee, both the seller account and the buyer account agree to pay a guarantee fee at a predetermined ratio, and the seller An example in which an account and / or a buyer account sends transaction information that deposits a guarantee fee with a contract account from both a seller account and a buyer account, and the contract account receives the transaction information.

  In the following description, the same reference numerals denote the same functional components as in the first embodiment, and a description thereof will be omitted. The description of the same operation and effect as in the first embodiment will be omitted. Hereinafter, the description will focus on the differences from the first embodiment.

  In the first embodiment, both the seller account and the buyer account pay the guarantee fee at a predetermined rate, and it is assumed that there is a defect in the transaction after the notification of the shipment of the product is received. If the account is brokered, the security fee deposited by both parties will be paid to the escrow account, regardless of the success or failure of the transaction.

<< Effect of First Embodiment >>
If one of the seller account and the buyer account escrows the security fee, the other will not receive the security fee even if the transaction is defective. In comparison with such a case, according to the first embodiment, by depositing the guarantee fee in both the seller account and the buyer account, it is possible to motivate the transaction so that there is no defect, and if the transaction is not completed, It is expected that the seller account and the buyer account will cooperate with the intermediary of the escrow account so as not to be at a disadvantage in the event of a deficiency. Thereby, a more honest transaction system can be realized.

<Functional Configuration of First Embodiment>
The functional configuration of each of the information processing apparatuses 200A to 200D in the first embodiment can be the same as that of the first embodiment.

<Operation Processing of First Embodiment>
With reference to FIG. 10, the processing of the information processing apparatus according to the first embodiment will be described. FIG. 10 illustrates an example of a sequence diagram illustrating a process performed by the communication system 1 according to the first embodiment. Note that the processing procedure described below is merely an example, and each processing may be changed as much as possible within the scope of the technical idea of the present disclosure, and steps may be omitted, replaced, and added as appropriate. is there.

  In the operation processing in the first embodiment, in steps S806 and S1006, the contract account receives the transaction information transmitted from the seller account and / or the buyer account, which deposits the guarantee fee into the contract account from both the seller account and the buyer account. Except for this, it can be the same as the first embodiment.

<< 2nd Example >>
Subsequently, a second example of the first embodiment will be described. In a second example of the first embodiment, in a process for determining an escrow account and a guarantee fee, a contract account transmits information on advance information to an extracted escrow account candidate, and an escrow user mediates. This is an example of selecting a transaction to be performed.

  In the following description, the same reference numerals denote the same functional components as in the first embodiment, and a description thereof will be omitted. The description of the same operation and effect as in the first embodiment will be omitted. Hereinafter, the description will focus on the differences from the first embodiment.

<< Effect of Second Embodiment >>
According to the second embodiment, by selecting a transaction to be mediated by the escrow user, the escrow user can more actively develop the brokerage business. For example, by selecting a transaction to be brokered by the escrow user, the escrow user can specialize in brokering of a product category that is good at, and accumulate know-how in brokerage business. Such specialization of the escrow user can also contribute to further facilitating transactions between the seller user and the buyer user.

<Functional Configuration of Second Embodiment>
The functional configuration of each of the information processing apparatuses 200A to 200D in the second embodiment can be the same as that of the second embodiment.

<Operation Processing of Second Embodiment>
With reference to FIG. 11, the processing of the information processing apparatus according to the second embodiment will be described. FIG. 11 illustrates an example of a sequence diagram illustrating a process performed by the communication system 1 according to the second embodiment. Note that the processing procedure described below is merely an example, and each processing may be changed as much as possible within the scope of the technical idea of the present disclosure, and steps may be omitted, replaced, and added as appropriate. is there.

  In the operation processing in the second embodiment, in step S1104, a process of transmitting information relating to advance information to an extracted escrow account candidate is performed on the account, and a notification that each candidate wishes to mediate a transaction is sent from each candidate. The process can be the same as that of the first embodiment except that the receiving process is performed and a list of candidates to be brokered is transmitted to the seller account and / or the buyer account.

  Note that the mediation information DB of the escrow information processing device 200D may have a management table that stores advance information received from the contract account. In this case, the escrow user can select a desired one from the prior information stored in the management table.

  Note that, as described above, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments and examples, and various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the invention. That is, the above-described embodiment is merely an example in all aspects, and is not to be construed as limiting. For example, a common key may be used in place of a secret key, and a blockchain network does not necessarily need to follow a P2P communication protocol for its communication means as long as information relating to the blockchain is distributed and shared between nodes.

  Further, the processes performed by the contract information processing device 200A are not limited to those executed based on the contract code, that is, those executed by the smart contract. Is also good. In this case, the information processing device acting on behalf of each process performed by the contract information processing device 200A and / or the user account associated with the information processing device may be, for example, a seller account based on credit information based on a transaction history and the like. Accounts, buyer accounts, and escrow accounts can be selected. Further, in this case, a reward corresponding to the guarantee fee or the consideration may be paid to the user who executes the same processing as the smart contract described above.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Communication system, 4 ... Escrow, 110 ... Server, 110A ... Server, 110B ... Server, 120 ... Terminal, 120A ... Terminal, 120B ... Terminal, 120C ... Terminal, 120X ... Terminal, 130 ... Network, 200 ... Information processing device , 200A: first information processing device, 200B: second information processing device, 200C: third information processing device, 200D: fourth information processing device, 201: processor, 202: memory, 203: storage, 204: input / output interface (Input / output I / F), 205: communication interface (communication I / F), 311: input / output I / F, 312: communication I / F, 320: control unit, 321: reception unit, 322: information processing unit, 323: Contract processing unit, 3231: Prior information processing unit, 3232: Transaction information processing unit, 3233: Payment processing unit, 323 ... Progress processing unit, 324 ... transmission unit, 330 ... storage unit, 331 ... BC information DB, 332 ... escrow information DB, 333 ... program, 511 ... input / output I / F, 512 ... communication I / F, 520 ... control unit .., 521 sales section, 522 reception section, 523 transmission section, 530 storage section, 531 article information DB, 532 BC information DB, 533 program, 611 input / output I / F, 612 communication I / F F, 620 control unit, 621 purchase unit, 622 reception unit, 623 transmission unit, 630 storage unit, 631 purchase information DB, 632 BC information DB, 633 program, 711 input / output I / F , 712 communication I / F, 720 control unit, 721 mediation condition registration unit, 722 reception unit, 723 transmission unit, 724 transmission unit, 730 storage unit, 731 intermediation information DB, 732 C information DB, 733 ... program

Claims (13)

For information processing equipment,
When receiving the transaction information for depositing the consideration for the goods or services and the guarantee fee in the first account, the information relating to the transaction information is transmitted to the second account receiving the consideration based on the received transaction information. Performing a deposit processing to be transmitted;
After performing the deposit processing, when receiving a result notification that the product or the service has been received from the third account that has deposited the consideration, the consideration is moved from the first account to the second account. Performing a settlement process of moving the guarantee fee from the first account to a fourth account.
program. The transaction information includes information on a fourth account selected from a plurality of candidates.
The program according to claim 1. Before the step of performing the deposit processing,
When receiving the advance information on the transaction, the candidate of the fourth account is extracted based on the received advance information, and the extracted candidate of the fourth account is stored in the third account and / or the second account. Performing a transmitting process,
The program according to claim 1. The step of transmitting the extracted candidate for the fourth account includes:
Sending information about the fourth account candidate along with the creditworthiness of the candidate and / or the guarantee fee required to select the candidate;
The program according to claim 3. Before the step of performing the deposit processing,
Performing a process of, when receiving advance information on a transaction, extracting a candidate for the fourth account based on the received advance information, and transmitting information on the advance information to the extracted candidate account; To perform further,
The program according to claim 1. After the step of performing the deposit processing, if the completion notice that the act of the consideration has been performed is not received from the second account within a predetermined period, the consideration and the guarantee fee are transferred to the first account. Performing a refund process for moving the account to the third account.
A program according to any one of claims 1 to 5. After receiving from the second account a completion notification indicating that the act subject to the consideration has been performed, if the result notification has not been received from the third account within a predetermined period, the result is stored in the third account. Sending a notification urging the user to send a notification, and causing the fourth account to further execute sending a notification for confirming a status of the transaction according to the transaction information;
A program according to any one of claims 1 to 6. After receiving, from the second account, a completion notification indicating that the act subject to the consideration has been performed, a notification that the transaction related to the transaction information has been incomplete has been received from the third account in place of the result notification. Transmitting, upon receipt, a notification requesting the fourth account to prove that the third account was defective;
Receiving the deficiency proof result from the fourth account.
A program according to any one of claims 1 to 7. Performing the depositing process and performing the settlement process by a smart contract,
A program according to any one of claims 1 to 8. A receiving unit for receiving transaction information for depositing a consideration and a guarantee fee for goods or services to the first account, and a result notification that the goods or services have been received;
A transmitting unit that transmits information related to the transaction information to a second account that receives the consideration based on the received transaction information;
When receiving a result notification that the product or the service has been received from the third account that has deposited the consideration, the consideration is transferred from the first account to the second account, and the guarantee fee is transferred from the first account. And a settlement processing unit for moving to a fourth account.
Information processing device. The information processing device is
When receiving the transaction information for depositing the consideration for the goods or services and the guarantee fee in the first account, the information relating to the transaction information is transmitted to the second account receiving the consideration based on the received transaction information. Performing a deposit processing to be transmitted;
After performing the deposit processing, when receiving a result notification that the product or the service has been received from the third account that has deposited the consideration, the consideration is moved from the first account to the second account. Performing a settlement process for moving the guarantee fee from the first account to a fourth account.
Information processing method. A first information processing device associated with the first account, a second information processing device associated with the second account, a third information processing device associated with the third account, and a third information processing device associated with the fourth account. 4 information processing devices,
The first information processing device includes:
When receiving the transaction information for depositing the consideration of the goods or services and the guarantee fee in the first account, based on the received transaction information, the information on the transaction information is transmitted to the second account receiving the consideration. Performing a deposit processing to be transmitted;
After performing the deposit processing, when receiving a result notification that the product or the service has been received from the third account that has deposited the consideration, the consideration is transferred from the first account to the second account. Performing a settlement process of moving the guarantee fee from the first account to the fourth account.
The second information processing device is:
Receiving information about the transaction information from the first account;
Receiving transaction information to transfer the consideration from the first account to the second account.
Information processing method. A first information processing device associated with the first account, a second information processing device associated with the second account, a third information processing device associated with the third account, and a third information processing device associated with the fourth account. 4 information processing devices,
The first information processing device includes:
When receiving the transaction information for depositing the consideration of the goods or services and the guarantee fee in the first account, based on the received transaction information, the information on the transaction information is transmitted to the second account receiving the consideration. Performing a deposit processing to be transmitted;
After performing the deposit processing, when receiving a result notification that the product or the service has been received from the third account that has deposited the consideration, the consideration is transferred from the first account to the second account. Performing a settlement process of moving the guarantee fee from the first account to the fourth account.
The third information processing device includes:
Transmitting transaction information for depositing the consideration to the first account to the first account;
Transmitting the result notification to the first account.
Information processing method.

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