JP2020036398A - Solar panel fixing structure and fixture used therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

To improve efficiency of solar panel installation work.SOLUTION: The present invention relates to a solar panel fixing structure in which two or more solar panels are mounted on a pedestal while being spaced apart from each other, a top face of the solar panel is pressed by a presser part of a washer which is provided in a washer-equipped bolt, and the solar panel is fixed between the pedestal and the washer by screwing a nut into a portion protruding below a bottom face of the solar panel, in the washer-equipped bolt which passes the pedestal.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a structure for fixing a solar panel installed on a gantry to a gantry, and a fixing tool used for fixing the solar panel.

  The solar panel is installed diagonally on the gantry so that its light receiving surface is at a predetermined angle. The solar panel mounted on the gantry is fixed to the gantry. Various structures and mechanisms are used for the fixing (for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2).

  8A and 8B are cross-sectional views of an example of a conventional solar panel fixing structure. 8A is a cross-sectional view of a structure in which two adjacent solar panels X are fixed to a gantry A, and FIG. 8B is a cross-sectional view of a structure in which a solar panel X mounted on an end of the gantry A is fixed to the gantry A. It is sectional drawing.

  In FIG. 8, the holding tool B is placed on the frame of the adjacent solar panel X placed on the gantry A, and the bolt C inserted from above the holding tool B is attached to the frame E in the groove D of the gantry A. By screwing the solar panel X into the screw hole, the solar panel X is fixed to the gantry A while being sandwiched between the holder B and the receiving piece F of the gantry A.

  The gantry A is formed by vertically and horizontally assembling a long material G on a column. The long material G and the pieces E are separately prepared, and in order to use the pieces E, it is necessary to insert many pieces E into the grooves D of the long material G (piece inserting work). Since the piece E is not fixed at a fixed position in the groove D and is movable in the groove D, in order to screw the bolt C into the screw hole of the piece E, the piece E in the groove D It has to be slid to the position for positioning (positioning work), which is troublesome. Further, the piece E is expensive because it is a custom-made product, and if it is damaged or lost, it takes time to procure a replacement. During this time, the installation work of the solar panels was sometimes impossible.

  Patent Document 2 does not have the drawbacks as shown in FIG. 8, but requires a specially-shaped stator, a specially-shaped synthetic resin washer, a specially-shaped metal washer, and the like, so that the number of parts increases and the cost increases. Therefore, there is a problem that work is troublesome because many parts are combined, and workability is poor.

Utility Model Registration No. 3189303 JP 2011-14877 A

  The present invention has been developed in view of the above circumstances, and its solution is to eliminate the need for specially-made pieces, a specially-shaped stator, a synthetic resin washer, etc. An object of the present invention is to provide a simple solar panel fixing structure that requires no operation, has a small number of parts, and is easy to install a solar panel, and a fixing tool used for fixing the solar panel.

[Solar panel fixing structure]
One of the solar panel fixing structures of the present invention is, of two or more solar panels arranged vertically and horizontally with a gap on a gantry, a frame of two adjacent solar panels, a plurality of solar panels. It is fixed to the base by tightening a washer bolt and a nut screwed to the washer bolt. The washer of each bolt with a washer has a washer projection at the center of the head side surface of the bolt, a holding portion on the outer periphery of the washer projection, and a head projection on the back surface of the head of the bolt with washer. And the washer projection are locked to each other to prevent loosening. This bolt with washer
It is inserted in the gap between two adjacent solar panels, a washer is straddled over the frames of both solar panels, and a bolt with a washer and a nut screwed to the bolt from under the base are attached. This is a structure in which two adjacent solar panels are fixed to a gantry by tightening.

  Another structure of the solar panel fixing structure of the present invention is a solar panel fixed at an end of the gantry among two or more solar panels arranged vertically and horizontally with a gap on the gantry. It is fixed to. Place the addressing tool on this frame and the gantry, and tighten the gantry by tightening a plurality of bolts with washers inserted into the gantry from the addressing tool and nuts screwed to the bolts with washers from under the gantry. It is fixed to. The structure of each washer bolt is the same as the structure of the washer bolt.

[Solar panel fixture]
One of the solar panel fixing devices of the present invention is a bolt with a washer set on the back surface of the head so that the washer does not fall off, and the washer has a washer projection at the center of the head side surface of the bolt. There is a holding portion on the outer periphery of the washer projection. The holding part is large enough to be straddled on both frames of two adjacent solar panels arranged vertically and horizontally on the base with a gap, and is provided on the back of the head of the bolt The head projection is engaged with the washer projection to prevent loosening.

[Effect of solar panel fixing structure]
(1) Since the solar panel fixing structure of the present invention is a structure in which the solar panel is fixed to the gantry by screwing a bolt and a nut with a washer together, a frame inserting operation and a frame positioning operation are performed as in the related art. It becomes unnecessary, and the installation work of the solar panel becomes easy, which contributes to the efficiency and shortening of the installation work.
(2) A general-purpose long material called C-chan can be used for the mount, and a custom-made mount, a piece, a resin washer, and a metal washer are unnecessary, so that the cost is reduced.

[Effect of solar panel fixture]
(1) Since the frames of two solar panels can be held down by one washer, there is no need for a piece or a sheet material to straddle the frames of the solar panels, thereby reducing costs, facilitating work, and simplifying operations. Contribute to.
(2) The workability is good because the washer is set so as not to fall off the bolt or nut. Also, there is no worry about losing the washer.

(A) is an explanatory view showing an example of a solar panel fixing structure using the solar panel fixing device of the present invention, (b) is an enlarged view of a part A of (a), and (c) is a part B of (a) Enlarged view. (A) is a schematic diagram of the first solar panel fixture of the present invention, and (b) is a schematic diagram when the solar panel fixture of (a) is viewed from the bottom side. Explanatory drawing of the solar panel fixing structure using the solar panel fixing tool shown to FIG. 2 (a) (b). (A) is a schematic diagram of a second solar panel fixing device of the present invention, and (b) is an explanatory diagram of a solar panel fixing structure using the solar panel fixing device shown in (a). (A) is a schematic diagram of the third solar panel fixing device of the present invention, and (b) is a schematic diagram when the solar panel fixing device of (a) is viewed from the bottom side. FIG. 6 is an explanatory view of a solar panel fixing structure using the solar panel fixing tool shown in FIGS. (A) is a schematic diagram of a fourth solar panel fixing device of the present invention, and (b) is an explanatory diagram of a solar panel fixing structure using the solar panel fixing device shown in (a). (A) is an explanatory view of fixing two adjacent solar panels to a gantry using a conventional solar panel fixture, and (b) is fixing a solar panel installed at an end to the gantry. FIG.

(Embodiment)
The solar panel fixing structure shown in FIG. 1B includes a bolt 10 with a washer 10 in a gap S between two adjacent solar panels X among a plurality of solar panels X installed on a gantry A. Then, one washer of the bolt 10 with the washer is straddled over the frame Z of both solar panels X, and the nut 20 is screwed into the bolt 10 with the washer from below the mount A. This is a structure in which the solar panel X is fixed to the gantry A. The gantry A shown in FIG. 1A is assembled by arranging longitudinal members G made of a steel material vertically and horizontally on a pillar H standing on the ground. As the long material G, a steel material called C Chang can be used.

  The solar panel fixing structure of FIG. 1 (c) includes a plurality of solar panels X installed on the gantry A as shown in FIG. A Z-shaped plate 30 in a side view is placed on the frame G of the upper solar panel X and the longest material G at the lowermost end, and a bolt 10 with a washer is inserted into the long material G from above the plate 30. A nut 20 is screwed into the bolt 10 with the washer from below the long material G, and the solar panel X is held down by the plate 30 and fixed to the rack A.

  Hereinafter, the solar panel fixing device (bolt with washer) 10 will be described first, and then the solar panel fixing structure using the bolt 10 with the washer will be described.

(Embodiment of solar panel fixing device)
2A and 2B are set on a bolt head 11, a bolt shaft 12 projecting below the head 11, and a root side (back side of the head) of the bolt shaft 12. The washer 13 is provided. The washer 13 is set so as not to fall off the bolt shaft 12 by cutting a screw on the bolt shaft 12. As shown in FIG. 2B, a head projection 11A is provided on the back surface of the head 11. The head projection 11A is shaped to engage with the washer projection 13A formed on the head-side surface of the washer 13.

  The head projection 11A is formed radially, and a plurality of projections are continuous in the circumferential direction of the head 11. Each projection 11A has a mountain shape in a side view provided with a first slope 11a and a second slope 11b as shown in FIG. 2B. The first slope 11a is a slope on the front side in the fastening direction of the bolt 10 with washer, and the second slope 11b is a slope on the front side in the fastening direction of the bolt 10 with washer. In this embodiment, the first slope 11a is an upright surface that rises at a right angle or substantially right angle with respect to the back surface of the head 11, and the second slope 11b is inclined with respect to the back surface of the head 11 by, for example, about 10 to 20 °. There is a gentle slope. The head projection 11A is located at a position outwardly away from the outer periphery of the bolt shaft 12, and there is a flat portion 11B without projection between the outer periphery of the bolt shaft 12 and the head projection 11A. The first slope 11a and the second slope 11b are continuous, and the top may be arc-shaped (R-plane) or flat.

  A male screw 12a is provided on the outer periphery of the bolt shaft 12. Above the male screw 12a, there is a screwless portion 12b having no screw.

  The washer 13 is set on the threadless portion 12b of the bolt shaft 12 so as to be horizontally rotatable and vertically slidable. The washer 13 is locked to the male screw portion 12a so as not to fall off the bolt shaft 12.

  The washer 13 is disk-shaped, and has a through hole 13B at the center thereof. The washer 13 in FIGS. 2A and 2B has a diameter of about 37.2 mm and a thickness of about 3.5 mm, and the through hole 13B has a diameter of about 8.5 mm. These dimensions are merely examples, and may be other than the dimensions described above, as long as the dimensions span two or three or more solar panel frames arranged with a gap. The washer 13 may be other than circular, for example, elliptical, square, or the like.

  The surface of the washer 13 has a ring-shaped elevated portion 13x, an inner lowland portion 13y which is one step lower than the elevated portion 13x inside the elevated portion 13x, and an outer lowland portion which is one stage lower than the elevated portion 13x outside. 13z.

  As shown in FIG. 2A, a washer projection 13A is provided on the upper surface of the hill portion 13x. The washer projection 13A meshes with a head projection 11A provided on the head 11 of the bolt 10 with washer to prevent the bolt 10 from being loosened. The washer projection 13A is constituted by a plurality of ridges formed radially. Each ridge has a first slope 13a and a second slope 13b, and both slopes are continuous mountain shapes that are continuous at the top 13c when viewed from the side. The first slope 13a is a surface on the front side in the tightening direction of the bolt 10 with washer, and the second slope 13b is a surface on the front side in the tightening direction of the bolt 10 with washer. In this embodiment, the first slope 13 a is a gentle slope having a gradient of about 10 to 20 ° with respect to the upper surface of the washer 13, and the second slope 13 b is an upright surface that rises at a right angle or substantially at a right angle to the upper surface of the washer 13. is there. The top connecting the first slope 13a and the second slope 13b may be arc-shaped (R-plane) or flat.

  As shown in FIG. 2B, a flat holding portion 13C is provided on the back surface of the washer 13. A biting projection 13D that can bite into the frame Z of the solar panel X protrudes from the pressing portion 13C. The biting projections 13D are triangular in a front view, and are provided at four positions in the circumferential direction of the washer 13 at intervals. On the outer periphery of the biting projection 13D, there is a recess 13E that is recessed one step. The shape of the biting projection 13D may be other than this. The number of the biting projections 13D may be more or less than four. The biting projection 13D may be provided as needed, and may be omitted when unnecessary.

  The nut 20 (FIG. 2A) is an existing nut having a female screw hole 20 </ b> A screwed into a male screw 12 a formed on the outer periphery of the bolt shaft 12. As the nut 20, a nut with a washer previously developed by the present inventor can be used. The nut with a washer is mounted under the nut so that the washer does not fall off, and the projection of the nut and the projection of the washer are engaged with each other so that the tightening of both nuts is not easily loosened.

(Embodiment 1 of solar panel fixing structure)
FIG. 3 shows a solar panel fixing structure of the present invention. This fixing structure is a structure in which the solar panel X is fixed to the gantry A using the bolt 10 with the washer. As shown in FIG. 1A, two or more solar panels X are vertically and horizontally arranged on a gantry A, and a gap S (FIG. 1B) is formed between the vertically arranged solar panels X. is there. 1A, a bolt 10 with a washer is inserted into a gap S between two upper and lower solar panels X vertically adjacent to each other (FIG. 3). Two washers 13 are straddled over the frame Z of the two solar panels X, and the frame Z is held down by the holding portion 13C of the washer 13. The protruding portion of the bolt 10 with washer that penetrates the long material G of the gantry A downwardly engages the nut 20 from below the long material G (FIG. 3), and the nut 20 and the bolt 10 with the washer 10 are screwed. Is fastened to the gantry A with two or more solar panels X interposed between the long material G and the washer 13. In this case, the holding portion 13C of one washer 13 of one bolt with washer 10 holds the frame Z of the two solar panels X and is fixed to the gantry A, and the head projection 11A and the washer projection 13A are formed. The meshing prevents loosening.

(Embodiment 2 of solar panel fixing structure)
The solar panel fixing structure according to the second embodiment includes a plurality of solar panels X installed on the gantry A as shown in FIG. Is a structure in which a solar panel X installed on a gantry A is fixed as shown in FIG. In this case, the plate 30 shown in FIG. The plate 30 has a Z-shape in a side view including a first holding portion 31 for holding the frame Z of the solar panel X, a second holding portion 32 for holding the gantry A, and a continuous portion 33 therebetween. The first holding portion 31 is provided with an insertion hole (a long hole) 31A through which the bolt shaft 12 of the bolt 10 with washer passes.

  In FIG. 4B, the first holding portion 31 of the plate 30 is overlapped on the lowermost frame Z of the solar panel X, and the second holding portion 32 is placed on the longest material G at the lowest end of the gantry A. In this state, the bolt (10) with a washer is inserted into the insertion hole (31A) of the first holding portion (31), and a nut (general-purpose nut) (20) is screwed into the bolt shaft (12) from below the mount (A), and the bolt (10) with a washer is tightened. The solar panel X is fixed to the gantry A with the solar panel X interposed between the plate 30 and the long material G. When there is a biting projection 13D (FIG. 2B) on the back surface of the pressing portion 13C of the washer 13 of the bolt 10 with washer, the biting projection 13D bites into the first pressing portion 31 of the plate 30. Further, the washer projection 13A of the washer 13 and the head projection 11A of the washer-equipped bolt 10 are engaged with each other, so that the engagement between the washer-equipped bolt 10 and the nut 20 is prevented from loosening.

  As the nut 20, a nut with a washer as shown in FIGS. 5 (a) and 5 (b) can be used. The washer nut 20 covers the nut head 21 and a cylindrical caulking shaft 22 protruding inwardly of the washer 13, and caulks a caulking portion 22 b on the lower end side of the caulking shaft 22, so that the washer 13 is attached to the caulking shaft 22. So that it does not fall out of A head projection 21A is formed on the back surface of the nut head 21 in a ring shape, and a washer projection 13A is provided on the nut-side surface of the washer 13, so that both projections mesh with each other to prevent loosening. There is a biting projection 13D on the back surface of the washer 13, and the biting projection 13D can bite into the long material G of the gantry A by tightening the bolt 10 and the nut 20 with the washer.

  The head projection 21A in FIG. 5B is configured by a plurality of ridges formed radially in a row. Each ridge has a first slope 21a and a second slope 21b whose tops are continuous. The first slope 21a is a surface on the front side in the tightening direction of the nut 20, and the second slope 21b is a surface on the front side in the tightening direction of the nut 20. In this embodiment, the first slope 21a is an upright surface that rises at a right angle or substantially right angle with respect to the back surface of the head 21, and the second slope 21b has a gentle slope of about 10 to 20 ° with respect to the back surface of the head 21. There is a slope. The head projection 21A is provided at a position distant from the outer periphery of the caulking shaft 22, and a flat portion 21B having no projection is provided between the outer periphery of the caulking shaft 22 and the head projection 21A. The top connecting the first slope 21a and the second slope 21b is formed in an arc shape (R surface).

  The washer 13 is disposed on the body portion 22a, and is disposed so as to be horizontally rotatable and movable in the vertical direction. The washer 13 is locked to the crimped portion 22b folded outward so as not to fall off from the body 22a. The washer 13 is the same as the washer 13 of the first embodiment. The washer projection 13A of the washer 13 meshes with a head projection 21A provided on the head 21 of the nut 20.

  The nut 20 with a washer is screwed into a bolt shaft 12 of a bolt 10 with a washer that penetrates the gantry A from below to upward, thereby sandwiching the solar panel X between the gantry A and the washer 13 of the nut 20 with the washer. Can be fixed.

  FIG. 6 shows a solar panel fixing structure using the solar panel fixing device of this embodiment. In this solar panel fixing structure, two or more solar panels X are mounted on a stand A at an interval, and the upper surface of the frame is pressed by a holding portion 13C of a washer 13 of a nut 20 with a washer. Is screwed with a washer nut 20 to a washer bolt 10 that penetrates from above to below, so that two or more solar panels are fixed between the gantry A and the washer 13. When the biting projection 13D is provided on the holding portion 13C of the washer 13, the biting projection 13D bites into the frame of the solar panel X.

(Embodiment 3 of solar panel fixing structure)
In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1A, of the solar panels X installed on the gantry A, on the long material G at the lower end of the gantry A as shown in FIG. This is a case where the solar panel X is fixed to the long material G. In this case, as shown in FIG. 7A, the first holding portion 31 and the second holding portion 32 are formed in a Z-shape in a side view, and the first holding portion 31 has an insertion hole 31A. The solar panel X is fixed to the gantry A using the plate 30. When this plate 30 is used, the first holding portion 31 of the plate 30 is placed on the frame of the solar panel X as shown in FIG. The holding part 32 is overlapped, the nut 20 with a washer is screwed into the bolt 10 which is inserted upward into the gantry A and penetrates the insertion hole 31A of the first holding part 31, and the plate 30 is tightened by tightening both nuts. , And the solar panel X is fixed between the long material G and the plate 30. When the pressing portion 13C has the biting projection 13D, the biting projection 13D bites into the first pressing portion 31.

  The above embodiment is an example of the present invention. The shape and structure of the gantry, the fixture, the plate, and the like can be changed as long as the solution of the present invention can be achieved. For example, the bolts in FIGS. 7A and 7B may be bolts with washers, the bolts in FIGS. 7A and 7B may be bolts with washers, and the nuts with washers in FIGS. 7A and 7B. A general-purpose nut without washer can also be used.

10 Bolt with washer (bolt)
Reference Signs List 11 head 11A head projection 11B flat part 11a first slope 11b second slope 12 bolt shaft 12a male screw 12b no screw part 13 washer 13A washer projection 13B through hole 13C holding part 13D biting projection 13E concave part 13a first slope 13b 2nd slope 13x Uphill section 13y Inner lowland section 13z Outer lowland section 20 Nut with washer (nut)
20A Female screw hole 21 Head 21A Head projection 21B Flat part 21a First slope 21b Second slope 22 Caulking shaft 22a Body 22b Caulking part 30 Plate 31 First holding part 31A Insertion hole 32 Second holding part 33 Continuous part A Stand B Holder C Bolt D Groove E Piece F Receptacle G Long material H Support S Clearance X Solar panel Z (of solar panel) frame

Claims (8)

On a gantry formed by elongate materials being assembled vertically and horizontally, two or more solar panels with a frame around them are placed, and are placed with a gap at least in the placement direction up and down,
A bolt with a washer is inserted into a gap between two adjacent solar panels, and the washer of the bolt with the washer is addressed over the frames of the two solar panels,
A nut is screwed into the protrusion of the bolt with washer projecting below the long member of the gantry from below the long member, and the frame of the solar panel is sandwiched between the long member and the washer. And fixed to the stand,
Two or more parts of the solar panel frame were fixed to the base with bolts and nuts with washers,
A solar panel fixing structure, characterized in that: On a gantry formed by elongate materials being assembled vertically and horizontally, two or more solar panels with a frame around them are placed, and are placed with a gap at least in the placement direction up and down,
A bolt is inserted into a gap between two adjacent solar panels from below the long member of the gantry, and an upper end thereof is above a frame of the solar panel from a gap between the two solar panels. Projecting up to
A nut with a washer is screwed into the protrusion of the bolt from above the frame, and the washer of the nut with the washer is straddled over the frames of the two solar panels,
By screwing the bolt and the nut with washer, the frames of both solar panels are sandwiched between the washer and the long material and fixed to the gantry,
Two or more locations of the solar panel frame were fixed to the gantry by the bolts and nuts with washers,
A solar panel fixing structure, characterized in that: On a gantry formed by elongate materials being assembled vertically and horizontally, two or more solar panels with a frame around them are placed, and are placed with a gap at least in the placement direction up and down,
The first holding part of the plate is addressed at least on the lower frame of the lowermost solar panel, the lower part of the first holding part projects outside the lower frame, and the second holding part of the plate Part is addressed on the long material at the bottom,
A bolt with washer is inserted from above the first holding portion, passes through the outside of the lower frame of the lowermost solar panel, and protrudes below the long member, and the upper portion of the washer of the bolt with washer is the first portion. It overlaps the holding part,
A nut is screwed into the protrusion of the bolt with washer projecting below the long member of the gantry from below the long member, and the frame of the solar panel is sandwiched between the nut and the bolt with washer. Fixed to the gantry, two or more places of the frame of the solar panel was fixed to the gantry by the nuts and bolts with washers,
A solar panel fixing structure, characterized in that: On a gantry formed by elongate materials being assembled vertically and horizontally, two or more solar panels with a frame around them are placed, and are placed with a gap at least in the placement direction up and down,
The first holding part of the plate is addressed at least on the lower frame of the lowermost solar panel, the lower part of the first holding part projects outside the lower frame, and the second holding part of the plate Part is addressed on the long material at the bottom,
A bolt is inserted into the insertion hole of the first holding portion from below the long material and protrudes above the insertion hole,
A nut with a washer is screwed onto the protrusion of the bolt from above the first holding portion, the washer of the nut with the washer overlaps the first holding portion, and the frame of the solar panel is elongated with the washer. It was sandwiched between materials and fixed to the gantry, and two or more points of the solar panel frame were fixed to the gantry by the bolts and nuts with washers,
A solar panel fixing structure, characterized in that: In the solar panel fixing structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
The C-shaped long material is used for assembling the gantry, and the opening of the long material is downward.
A solar panel fixing structure, characterized in that: A bolt with a washer used for the solar panel fixing structure according to claim 1, claim 2 or claim 5,
The washer-equipped bolt includes a head, a bolt shaft protruding below the head, and a washer provided at a root side of the bolt shaft so as not to fall off from the shaft.
A head projection is provided on the back surface of the bolt head,
The washer is provided with a washer projection that meshes with the head projection on the surface of the bolt head side, and is provided on the outer periphery of the washer projection over a frame of two solar panels placed with a gap on a gantry. That's it,
A solar panel fixing device, characterized in that: A nut with a washer used for the solar panel fixing structure according to claim 3,
The nut with the washer includes a head and a washer mounted on the lower end side of the swaging shaft protruding below the head so as not to fall off the swaging shaft,
A head projection is provided on the back surface of the nut head,
The washer has a washer projection that meshes with the head projection on the nut head side surface, and the outer periphery of the washer projection extends over two solar panel frames placed with a gap on a gantry. Is,
A solar panel fixing device, characterized in that: In the solar panel fixing device according to claim 6 or 7,
With a biting projection on the back of the washer,
A solar panel fixing device, characterized in that:

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