JP2020017193A - Decision-making support device and program - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a decision support device and a program capable of supporting decision-making work for handling various purposes.SOLUTION: A decision-making support device 10 receives an input of a first assignment instruction A1 to store it as an assignment instruction during management. The decision-making support device 10 receives an input of one or more second assignment instructions A2, A3 related to the first assignment instruction A1 from a first decision maker D1. The decision-making support device 10 stores the second assignment instructions A2, A3 as the assignment instruction during management. In response to input or generation of second completion information relative to the second assignment instructions A2, A3, the decision-making support device 10 cancels storage of the corresponding second assignment instructions A2, A3 as the assignment instruction during management. The decision-making support device 10 releases the storage as the assignment instruction during management of the first assignment instructions A1 in response to input or generation of the second completion information relative to all the second assignment instructions A2, A3 regarding the first assignment instruction A1.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 5

Description

  The present invention relates to a decision support device and a program.

  For example, business management, business planning, fund procurement, brand formation, market research, customer search, product planning, product design, material procurement, product manufacturing, equipment condition monitoring, equipment maintenance, material condition monitoring, workers in corporate activities 2. Description of the Related Art There is known a system for assisting a person who manages the execution of a certain purpose and role, such as condition monitoring, human resource education, distribution, sales, and profit management, when making a decision. Examples of such a system are described in Patent Documents 1 to 3.

JP 2017-194730A JP-A-2004-110469 JP 2018-63656 A

  However, the conventional technology has a problem that the purpose and role are limited for each system. In order to support decision making tasks with different purposes and roles, a system must be built separately for each purpose and role.

  An organization or society, large or small, is a collection of connections between a number of objectives and roles, a system that performs each objective and role, and a set of decision makers who manage the performance of each objective and role. Be composed. Therefore, it is difficult for a conventional decision support system, which is individually required for each purpose and role, to cope with, for example, an increase in the range or scale accompanying a change in the purpose and role in response to market fluctuations. In addition, it must be part of a fixed system structure that reflects the structure of the organization or society at a certain point in time. It is difficult to form a system structure that dynamically reflects the state of performance and grasps the mutual effects of individual goals and roles at the time each task is required for decision making. For this reason, there is a problem that even if the decision making is supported only in a specific target area, the support is provided in a limited information range, and the effect given to the organization or the whole society is limited.

  The present invention has been made in order to solve such problems, overlooking various purposes and roles existing in an organization or the whole society, and from the viewpoint of connection of the purpose and role in the entire organization or society, Gather the information needed to perform each purpose and role. Provide decision support information to each decision maker who manages the fulfillment of each purpose and role, and provide effective decision support to the organization or society as a whole. It is intended to provide a device and a program.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a decision support device according to the present invention is
A function of storing a notification destination in association with each of a plurality of decision makers;
A function for receiving an input of one or more first assignment instructions,
A function of storing the first assignment instruction as a management assignment instruction;
When the first assignment instruction includes information representing a first decision maker,
A function of transmitting an allocation notification to a notification destination of the first decision maker;
A function of receiving, from the first decision maker, an input of one or more second allocation instructions related to the first allocation instruction;
A function of storing the second assignment instruction as a management assignment instruction;
A function of releasing the storage of the corresponding second allocation instruction as a management allocation instruction in response to input or generation of second completion information for each of the second allocation instructions;
For each of the first allocation instructions, according to the input or generation of the second completion information for all of the second allocation instructions related to the first allocation instruction, storing the storage as the managed allocation instruction of the first allocation instruction. Function to release,
Is provided.
According to a specific aspect, the first assignment instruction and the second assignment instruction further include information indicating a business goal and a constraint.
According to a specific aspect, the business objectives include the capacity and the number of generated human resources, the capacity and number of generated facilities, the type and quantity of generated materials, and the generated rules or design values. , Generated funds, and generated time.
According to a particular aspect, the constraints include available human resources, available equipment, available materials, available rules or design values, available funds, and available time. , At least one of
According to a specific mode, the decision support device further includes a hierarchical display function of hierarchically displaying the first decision maker and the second decision maker in association with each other.
According to a specific mode, in the hierarchical display function, the first assignment instruction and the second assignment instruction that do not conflict with the constraint, and the first assignment instruction and the second assignment instruction that conflict with the constraint are: It is displayed in a different manner.
Further, a program according to the present invention causes a computer to function as the above-described decision support device.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to the decision support apparatus and program which concern on this invention, while making a single system support various decision work for various objectives and roles, effective decision work for an organization or the whole society Can help.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of a decision support device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. 2 is a flowchart illustrating a flow of processing executed by the decision support device of FIG. 1 when an assignment instruction is input. It is an example of a tree structure of an assignment instruction during management. 3 is a flowchart illustrating a flow of a process executed by the decision support device of FIG. 1 when completion information is input. It is a display example of the tree structure of the allocation instruction under management.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Embodiment 1 FIG.
FIG. 1 shows an example of a configuration of a decision support device 10 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. The decision support device 10 is a device for supporting a decision maker by a decision maker. In addition, the decision support device 10 also functions as a device for managing the construction or execution of a project plan by an organization.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the decision support device 10 has a configuration as a known computer, and includes an operation unit 11 that performs an operation and a storage unit 12 that stores information. Arithmetic means 11 includes, for example, a CPU (Central Processing Unit), and storage means 12 includes, for example, a semiconductor memory and an HDD (hard disk drive).

  The storage unit 12 includes a workspace 20, an operation resource management unit 21, a project information resource management unit 22, a job execution information management unit 23, and an execution / material resource management unit 24. The storage unit 12 stores a decision support program (not shown), and the arithmetic unit 11 executes the decision support program, so that the decision support device 10 realizes the functions described in this specification. . That is, this decision support program causes a computer to function as the decision support device 10.

  The decision support device 10 can store the notification destination in the storage unit 12 in association with each of the plurality of decision makers. This is performed in the operation resource management unit 21, for example. The decision maker is represented by, for example, unique identification information (decision maker ID or the like). The expression format of the notification destination is arbitrary, but may be, for example, a mail address, a login ID, an account of a known message transmission service, or the like.

  The decision support device 10 may include other components that are commonly included in a known computer. For example, a display and a printer as output devices, a keyboard and a mouse as input devices, a network interface serving as an input device and an output device for a communication network, and the like may be provided.

The operation of the decision support device 10 having the above configuration will be described below with reference to FIGS.
FIG. 2 is a flowchart illustrating a processing flow of the decision support device 10 when an assignment instruction is input. First, the decision support device 10 receives an input of an assignment instruction (first assignment instruction) (step S1). The assignment instruction is, for example, information indicating an instruction for assigning a task by a certain decision maker (for example, a supervisor) to another decision maker (for example, a subordinate or a subcontractor) or a work executor. The assignment instruction may include information indicating the different decision maker (first decision maker).

  The decision maker who inputs the assignment instruction and the decision maker to whom the work is assigned by the assignment instruction are generally different persons, but may be the same person. In the case where the official executes a part of the work himself / herself, they are the same person. Also, for example, when there is a plurality of operations such as worker management, manufacturing instructions, material delivery, equipment maintenance, etc., such as when the purpose is to produce a certain product, a plurality of assignment instructions may be input. May be executed a plurality of times sequentially or in parallel.

  The assignment instruction may further include information indicating a business goal. The business goal represents, for example, the level and size (such as quantity or length) of resources generated by a certain business and used by another business. More specifically, if the task is education, the task goal is the ability and number of talents to be generated (ie, if the talents to be generated are operational resources, education will manage the performance of certain objectives and roles. The level of knowledge that can be a decision maker who can make a decision and the number of people who aim to acquire, or if the generated human resources are execution resources, the education will provide knowledge and skills that will enable them to perform certain objectives and roles. Level, as well as the number of people aiming to acquire). If the operation is production of equipment, the operation target may include information indicating the capacity (or performance) of the equipment to be generated and the number of units, and if the operation is production of materials, the operation target is generated. Information indicating the type, specification, quantity, etc. of the material to be used may be included. Further, the business goal may include information indicating a generated rule or a design value, may include information indicating a generated fund, or may include information indicating a generated time.

  Further, the assignment instruction may further include information indicating a constraint condition. The constraint conditions represent, for example, conditions that must be observed when executing the business. More specifically, the constraints may include information such as available human resources (operator or executor) in performing the business and available services and available periods for each individual human resource, Similarly, it may include equipment that can be used in the performance of the business, may include materials that can be used in the performance of the business, and may use rules or design values (ie, work values) that can be used in operating or performing the business. Procedures, control values for work, blueprints, company rules, laws and regulations, etc., and may include budgets and funds available for the operation or execution of the work, and the time available for the work (ie, Expiration date). Information on the operator or executor, equipment, materials, rules or design values, funds, deadlines, etc. available through all assignment instructions (identification ID of person or equipment, affiliation information, performance or capability level, total amount, installation location, Information on the delivery date) is stored in the operation resource management unit 21 for information on resources used as an operator, that is, a later decision maker, and is stored in the execution / material resource management unit 24 for information related to other work execution. May be.

  The decision support device 10 may store the input constraint condition in the project information resource management unit 22 in association with the assignment instruction.

  Further, the assignment instruction may further include information on the actual work (job). For example, it may include information such as an operator, equipment, materials, and a program for executing a specific actual operation. These pieces of information may be stored in the job execution information management unit 23. Further, information on options necessary for determining such information (for example, a list of executors, equipment, materials, programs, and the like) may be stored in the execution / material resource management unit 24.

  The decision support device 10 stores the input assignment instruction as a management assignment instruction (step S2). This is performed in the workspace 20, for example. “Managed” means a state in which the business is in process. In other words, this means that after a task is assigned to a certain assignment instruction, the task is not yet completed. For example, this corresponds to an assignment instruction in a state where completion information (described later with reference to FIG. 4) has not been input.

  Next, the decision support device 10 determines whether the first assignment instruction includes information indicating the first decision maker (Step S3). When the first assignment instruction does not include the first decision maker, the decision support device 10 ends the processing in FIG.

  When the first assignment instruction includes the first decision maker, the decision support device 10 transmits the assignment notice to the notification destination of the first decision maker (step S4). The assignment notification is information for notifying the first decision maker of the assignment instruction. The form of the assignment notification can be arbitrarily designed, but may be, for example, an e-mail or other electronic message including a text indicating that the work has been assigned.

  The decision support device 10 is provided with a configuration for enabling the first decision maker to recognize the business objectives and constraints related to the first assignment instruction. For example, the assignment notification may include information indicating the business target and the constraint condition related to the first assignment instruction. Alternatively, the first decision maker accesses the decision support device 10 (for example, performs a log-in operation) so that the first decision maker can view information representing the business target and the constraint condition related to the first assignment instruction. The decision support device 10 may be configured. Such an information transmission method can be appropriately designed and implemented using a known configuration.

  Next, the decision support device 10 can recursively receive another assignment instruction (second assignment instruction) related to the first assignment instruction from the first decision maker (step S5). This step S5 corresponds to step S1 in the processing of FIG. 2 which is executed separately. A plurality of second assignment instructions may be input.

  Here, the decision support device 10 stores information indicating the relationship between the first assignment instruction and the second assignment instruction. For example, it can be said that the first assignment instruction and the second assignment instruction have a parent-child relationship or a hierarchical hierarchical relationship. Such information may be stored in the project information resource management unit 22. For example, this information can be expressed as a pointer from a lower allocation instruction (second allocation instruction) to a higher allocation instruction (first allocation instruction).

  When the second assignment instruction is input, the processing in FIG. 2 is repeated. That is, the decision support device 10 stores the second assignment instruction as a management assignment instruction (step S2), and when the second assignment instruction includes information indicating the second decision maker, the The allocation notification is transmitted to the notification transmission destination (step S4). Further, it is possible to recursively receive an input of another assignment instruction (third assignment instruction) related to the second assignment instruction (step S5).

  FIG. 3 shows an example of a tree structure of a management-related assignment instruction generated by recursively repeating the processing of FIG. The assignment instruction A1 (first assignment instruction) at the top hierarchy includes the decision maker D1. That is, the assignment instruction A1 is issued to the decision maker D1. The decision maker D1 has input two assignment instructions (second assignment instructions), which are assignment instructions A2 and A3 of the second hierarchy. The decision maker D1 designates the decision maker D2 in the assignment instruction A2, and designates the decision maker D3 in the assignment instruction A3.

  Each of the decision makers D2 and D3 receives the assignment notification and further inputs an assignment instruction. The decision maker D2 inputs an assignment instruction (third assignment instruction), which becomes an assignment instruction A4 of the third hierarchy. The decision maker D2 specifies the decision maker D4 in the assignment instruction A4.

  The decision maker D4 further inputs an assignment instruction, but the assignment instruction does not include the decision maker, and only the actual work executor and equipment are assigned. In this way, a tree structure of the assignment instruction is formed. Information representing such a tree structure may be stored in the project information resource management unit 22.

  FIG. 4 is a flowchart illustrating the flow of the process of the decision support device 10 when the completion information is input. First, the decision support device 10 receives input of completion information (step S11). The completion information is information indicating that the execution of the task related to a certain assignment instruction has been completed. The specific expression form and input method of the completion information can be arbitrarily designed. For example, when the person in charge of the business accesses the decision support device 10 (for example, performs a login operation), the individual completion information is May be displayed.

  Hereinafter, a case will be described as an example where the completion information (second completion information) for the second assignment instruction described with reference to FIG. 2 is input.

  In response to the input of the second completion information, the decision support device 10 releases the storage of the corresponding assignment instruction (second assignment instruction) as the management assignment instruction (step S12). For example, the information related to the second assignment instruction may be deleted from the workspace 20. Alternatively, in the workspace 20, a flag indicating that the second assignment instruction is being managed may be reset.

  Next, for the first assignment instruction corresponding to the parent of the second assignment instruction, the decision support device 10 determines whether or not the assignment instruction of the same hierarchy as the second assignment instruction is being managed (step S13). In other words, for the first assignment instruction, it is determined whether or not all the related second assignment instructions are no longer being managed. When there is no second allocation instruction being managed for a certain first allocation instruction (that is, input of second completion information for all second allocation instructions related to a certain first allocation instruction or In response to the generation, the storage of the first assignment instruction as the management assignment instruction is recursively released (step S14). This step S14 corresponds to step S11 (input of first completion information) or S12 in the processing of FIG. 4 which is separately executed.

  In the above example, the second completion information is input by the person in charge of the business, but the same applies to the case where the second completion information is recursively input, generated, or acquired by the decision support device 10 itself. For example, in response to the absence of the managed third assignment instruction related to the second assignment instruction, the decision support device 10 generates completion information related to the second assignment instruction, and determines that the completion information has been input. S12 and subsequent steps may be executed.

The completion information may include information indicating an execution result of the assignment instruction. In that case, the decision support device 10 may store the information indicating the execution result in the project information resource management unit 22 or the job execution information management unit 23.
Further, the execution result of the assignment instruction may include information indicating the state of the execution / material resource after execution, that is, the state of the work executor's ability, equipment capacity, material usage fee, rule application result, budget consumption amount, and the like. In that case, the decision support device 10 may store the status information of the used execution / material resource in the execution / material resource management unit 24.

  New operation resources or execution resources may be generated by inputting completion information or inputting other information. For example, when the task is education of human resources (that is, the task goal is to generate human resources having knowledge and skills corresponding to the skills as a decision maker, or human resources having knowledge and skills to perform a specific task). In this case, the decision support device 10 stores the generated information (including the destination of the notification) on the human resources having the knowledge and skills corresponding to the skills as the decision maker in the operation resource management unit 21. Is also good. Further, information on human resources having knowledge and skills for executing a specific task may be stored in the execution / material resource management unit 24. Similarly, when the business target is generation or production of equipment or material, the decision support device 10 stores information on the generated new equipment or material in the execution / material resource management unit 24. Good.

  As described above, according to the decision support device 10 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention, the work space 20 can receive an assignment instruction for a new job from a blank state, and when the work is completed, the assignment is completed. Clear the instructions. Therefore, it is possible to dynamically manage the assignment instructions related to the ongoing business system, not to be restricted by the format of a specific business, and to constantly generate and store corporate activities on the workspace. Representing the entire picture of individual goals and roles fulfilled in an organization or society that repeatedly disappears, dynamically supports decision making for tasks of various purposes, taking into account the relevance of other tasks be able to.

  Further, the decision support device 10 may have a function of displaying a tree structure of the assignment instruction during management. This function may be executable independently of the processing of FIGS. This function can be said to be a hierarchical display function that hierarchically displays each first decision maker and each second decision maker in association with each other. The decision support device 10 performs such a hierarchical display in response to, for example, input of a predetermined overhead view display command.

  FIG. 5 shows a specific example of such a display. One management assignment instruction exists at the top level, and an icon corresponding to the assignment instruction (a model of a person who thinks, that is, a decision maker who manages the performance of each task) is displayed. Similarly, the structure up to the fifth layer is displayed, such as three icons on the second layer and nine icons on the third layer.

  The decision support device 10 may change the display mode of the icons according to the status of the work related to the assignment instruction. For example, an assignment instruction (including the first assignment instruction and the second assignment instruction) that does not conflict with the constraint condition and an assignment instruction (including the first assignment instruction and the second assignment instruction) that conflicts with the constraint condition are defined. May be displayed in a different manner.

  As a more specific example, the color may be changed depending on whether the time limit specified in the constraint is exceeded or not. In the example of FIG. 5, the deadline itself is not displayed, but those within the deadline are displayed with black icons, and those over the deadline specified in the constraint conditions are displayed with white icons. ing. Further, the display colors of the icons may be changed to three or more colors according to the degree of the time limit being exceeded.

  In this way, by displaying the tree of the assignment instructions in a bird's-eye view, each decision maker can quickly and easily grasp the structure of the entire project. Further, by changing the display mode of the icons, it is possible to quickly and easily grasp the progress status of each work in the project.

  In the first embodiment, the decision support device 10 is configured by a single computer, but may be configured by a plurality of computers as a modification. In that case, each step of FIGS. 2 and 4 may be executed by a different computer.

  10 decision support device (computer), A1 assignment instruction (first assignment instruction), A2, A3 assignment instruction (second assignment instruction), A4 assignment instruction, D1 decision maker (first decision maker), D2, D3 Decision maker (second decision maker), D4 decision maker.

Claims (7)

A function of storing a notification destination in association with each of a plurality of decision makers;
A function for receiving an input of one or more first assignment instructions,
A function of storing the first assignment instruction as a management assignment instruction;
When the first assignment instruction includes information representing a first decision maker,
A function of transmitting an allocation notification to a notification destination of the first decision maker;
A function of receiving, from the first decision maker, an input of one or more second allocation instructions related to the first allocation instruction;
A function of storing the second assignment instruction as a management assignment instruction;
A function of releasing the storage of the corresponding second allocation instruction as a management allocation instruction in response to input or generation of second completion information for each of the second allocation instructions;
For each of the first allocation instructions, according to the input or generation of the second completion information for all of the second allocation instructions related to the first allocation instruction, storing the storage as the managed allocation instruction of the first allocation instruction. Function to release,
A decision support device comprising:   The decision support device according to claim 1, wherein the first assignment instruction and the second assignment instruction further include information indicating a business goal and a constraint condition.   The business goal is the capacity and the number of human resources to be generated, the capacity and the number of facilities to be generated, the type and quantity of materials to be generated, the rules or design values to be generated, and the funds to be generated, The decision support device according to claim 2, wherein the decision support device includes at least one of the information related to the generated time.   The constraint conditions include information on available human resources, available facilities, available materials, available rules or design values, available funds, and available time. The decision support device according to claim 2, comprising at least one.   The decision-making device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the decision-making support device further includes a hierarchical display function for hierarchically displaying each first decision-maker and each second decision-maker in association with each other. Support equipment.   In the hierarchical display function, the first assignment instruction and the second assignment instruction that do not conflict with the constraint and the first assignment instruction and the second assignment instruction that conflict with the constraint are displayed in different modes. The decision support device according to claim 5.   A decision support program that causes a computer to function as the decision support device according to claim 1.

Images