JP2020012395A - Horizontal shaft type wind generator - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a horizontal shaft type wind generator configured so that a blade (blade) of a propeller is short and a wind generator is small in total, and rotational force can efficiently be obtained regardless of the wind velocity and the wind direction.SOLUTION: A propeller part 2 rotating centering on a horizontal rotating shaft includes a propeller central part 3, multiple blades 4 and a peripheral ring 5. The propeller central part 3 is mounted at the tip before the horizontal rotating shaft, is formed in a conical shape having the front being a surface side as the tip using a horizontal rotating shaft as a central shaft, and has a flat section in the backside. The multiple blades 4 are radially provided around the propeller central part 3 at equal angular intervals centering on the horizontal rotating shaft and the propeller central part 3, and each blade 4 has a front/back symmetrical shape. The peripheral ring 5 is provided at the outer circumferential part of the multiple blades 4, and includes irregularities to receive wind even in the surface side and in the backside, and also the irregularities are provided front/back symmetrically.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a horizontal axis wind power generator having a rotation axis horizontal to wind.

  Conventionally, as a wind power generator, a vertical axis wind power generator whose rotation axis is perpendicular to the wind and a horizontal axis wind power generator whose rotation axis is horizontal to the wind are known. ing. Among them, a vertical axis type wind power generator includes a Savonius type, a paddle type, a gyromill type, a Darius type and the like, and a horizontal axis type wind power generator includes a propeller type.

  Among them, propeller-type horizontal axis wind power generators are often used, but it has been considered that a large wind power generator has better cost performance than a small wind power generator. In addition, when converting wind power to the rotational force of the main shaft, it is more efficient to use a windmill with long propeller blades (blades), that is, a windmill with a large diameter. There was a problem that the size of the machine was increased (increased in diameter). In the case of a large-scale wind power generator, there is a need for a large area for installation, a low-frequency problem, and a noise problem. In order to cope with such a problem, for example, Patent Document 1 discloses a horizontal axis type wind power generator that is reduced in size by devising a blade shape.

  In the case of a propeller-type horizontal axis wind power generator, the amount of power generation varies depending on the direction of the wind, and there is also a problem that the direction in which the wind is received is limited in order to efficiently obtain the wind power. In order to cope with such a problem, for example, Patent Literature 2 discloses a horizontal shaft that is provided with a tail fin at the rear to serve as a rudder so as to always receive wind from the front following a change in wind direction. A wind turbine generator is disclosed.

JP-A-2004-137910 JP 2005-2848 A

  However, for example, a conventional horizontal axis type wind power generator as shown in Patent Document 1 can obtain a rotational force when the wind speed is low, but can obtain a rotational force capable of generating power when the wind direction does not match. Did not. Further, for example, a conventional horizontal axis type wind power generator as shown in Patent Document 2 can obtain a rotational force regardless of the wind direction, but requires a tail fin in the rear, and also when the wind speed is low. In order to obtain rotational force, it was necessary to lengthen the blade.

  The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-described problems, and has a short propeller blade (blade), a small size as a whole wind power generator, and an efficient rotation force regardless of wind speed or wind direction. It is an object of the present invention to provide a horizontal axis type wind power generator having the obtained shape.

  In order to achieve the above object, the present invention has a propeller section that rotates around a horizontal rotation axis around the horizontal rotation axis, and mainly rotates by receiving wind from the front side, which is the front side of the propeller section. In the horizontal axis wind power generator that generates power by the rotation, the propeller unit includes a propeller center, a plurality of blades, and an outer peripheral ring, and the propeller center is located at a forward end of the horizontal rotation shaft. Attached, and has a conical shape with the front end being the front side with the horizontal rotation axis as the center axis, and has a flat portion on the back side, the plurality of blades, the horizontal rotation axis and The blades are provided radially around the center of the propeller at equal angular intervals around the center of the propeller, and each blade has a front-back object shape. , The are arranged on the outer peripheral part of the plurality of blades, together has irregularities for receiving wind on the back side to the front side, the relief is characterized in that provided on the front and back target.

  According to the horizontal axis type wind power generator of the present invention, the outer peripheral ring is attached to the outer periphery of the propeller portion, and the shape of the blade and the outer peripheral ring are devised together with the shape of the central portion of the propeller, so that the Since the rotating force can be obtained by receiving the wind, the blades of the propeller are short, the whole wind power generator is small and lightweight, and the rotating force can be efficiently obtained regardless of the wind speed or the wind direction.

FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view illustrating an example of an appearance of a horizontal axis wind power generator according to a first embodiment. FIG. 3 is a front view illustrating an example of a propeller unit of the horizontal axis wind turbine according to the first embodiment. FIG. 2 is a side view and a perspective view of a propeller unit of the horizontal axis wind turbine according to the first embodiment. FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a cross-sectional shape of a propeller center, a blade, and an outer peripheral ring in the propeller unit according to the first embodiment. FIG. 9 is a schematic perspective view showing an example of an appearance of a horizontal axis wind power generator according to a second embodiment. It is a side view and a perspective view of a propeller unit of a horizontal axis type wind power generator in a second embodiment.

The present invention has a propeller section that rotates around the horizontal rotation axis around the horizontal rotation axis, and rotates by receiving wind mainly from the front side, which is the front side of the propeller section, and generates power by the rotation. It relates to a shaft type wind power generator.
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

Embodiment 1 FIG.
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view showing an example of an external appearance of a horizontal axis wind power generator 1 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. This horizontal axis type wind power generator 1 includes a horizontal rotation axis (not shown), a propeller section 2 rotating around the horizontal rotation axis, and a column 6, and the propeller section 2 includes a propeller center section 3, It comprises a blade 4 and an outer ring 5. The plurality of blades 4 are provided at equal angular intervals around the horizontal rotation axis and the propeller center 3. In addition, here, the description will be made assuming that the propeller unit 2 of the horizontal axis type wind power generator 1 rotates in the direction of the arrow in FIG.

  If the left direction in FIG. 1 is referred to as “forward”, the conventional horizontal axis wind power generator rotates when it receives wind from the front side, that is, the front side. A generator or the like (not shown) is connected to the rear of the horizontal rotating shaft (rightward in FIG. 1), and the generator or the like is moved by rotation of the horizontal axis wind power generator 1. Can be.

In the first embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, a propeller center 3 is attached to a forward end of a horizontal rotation axis, and four blades 4 are spaced by 90 degrees about the horizontal rotation axis and the propeller center 3. Radially around the propeller center 3. Here, the case where the number of the plurality of blades 4 is four will be described as an example, but the plurality of blades 4 are radially arranged around the horizontal rotation axis and the propeller center 3 at equal angular intervals around the propeller center 3. Other angles and numbers may be used, for example, three blades at 120-degree intervals or five blades at 72-degree intervals.
Then, the rotation of each blade 4 due to the wind force is transmitted to the horizontal rotating shaft via the propeller center portion 3 and transmitted to the generator connected to the horizontal rotating shaft.

  FIG. 2 is a front view showing an example of a propeller unit 2 including a propeller center part 3, a plurality of blades 4, and an outer peripheral ring 5 of the horizontal axis type wind power generator 1 according to the first embodiment. FIGS. 3A and 3B are a side view and a perspective view of a propeller unit 2 of the horizontal axis type wind power generator 1 according to Embodiment 1, FIG. 3A is a side view, and FIG. 3B is a front side (front side). , Front side), and FIG. 3 (c) is a perspective view seen from the back side (back side, rear side).

  FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing a cross-sectional shape of the propeller center portion 3, the blade 4, and the outer peripheral ring 5 in the propeller portion 2 of the first embodiment. FIG. 4A is a front view of the same propeller unit 2 as FIG. 2 with a dashed-dotted line AA added thereto, and FIG. 4B is a dashed-dotted line A-A shown in FIG. FIG. 4 is a side view (a side view from the same direction as FIG. 3A) of the A section viewed from the arrow B direction.

  As can be seen from FIG. 4 (b), the propeller center portion 3 has a conical shape with the front end on the front side with respect to the horizontal rotation axis as a center, and is compared with a conventional horizontal axis wind power generator. And has become a big heart. The propeller center portion 3 has a flat portion when viewed from the back side (rear side), and has a horizontal rotation shaft hole 30 at the center as shown in FIG. 3C. The central portion 3 of the propeller is attached to the horizontal rotating shaft through the hole 30 for the horizontal rotating shaft, and the rotation of the propeller portion 2 causes the rotation to be transmitted to a generator connected behind the horizontal rotating shaft.

  Normally, if the propeller center portion 3 spreads in a conical shape with the front side being the front side as the front end, the wind from the front escapes to the outside and the efficiency becomes poor, but in the first embodiment, the outer peripheral ring 5 is provided. As a result, the wind does not escape to the outside. In addition, since the rotational force increases when the wind is received outside the center, the rotational force increases when the propeller center portion 3 is large. Further, in terms of strength when receiving a strong wind, there is a merit that the strength of the entire propeller unit 2 is high due to the large propeller center portion 3.

  Further, an outer peripheral ring 5 is provided on an outer peripheral portion of the plurality of blades 4 so as to receive more wind outside the propeller unit 2, and the outer peripheral ring 5 is provided with irregularities 51 and 52 for receiving the wind. (See FIGS. 2 and 3 (b) (c)). Here, the unevenness 51 is provided continuously on the entire front side (front side) of the outer peripheral ring 5, and the unevenness 52 is provided continuously on the entire back side (rear side) of the outer peripheral ring 5. It is provided in. More specifically, both the front and rear unevenness 51 and the rear and rear unevenness 52 have a shorter length and a shorter angle with respect to the rotation direction of the propeller unit 2 in the direction in which the wind is received (downward). However, the wind direction is longer and the angle is gentler. In addition, since the front and back objects are provided with the unevenness, it is possible to receive not only the wind from the front but also the wind from the back. Further, as can be seen from FIGS. 3 (b), 3 (c) and 4 (b), the portion of the outer peripheral ring 5 where the unevenness 51, 52 is provided is inclined inward on both the front side and the rear side. As a result, it becomes possible to receive wind in an oblique direction.

  Further, each of the plurality of blades 4 located between the propeller center portion 3 and the outer peripheral ring 5 also has a front-back object shape. That is, similarly to the unevenness 51, 52, both the front side (front side) and the back side (rear side) of the blade 4 are shorter in the direction of receiving the wind (leeward) with respect to the rotation direction of the propeller unit 2. The front side (front side) protrudes forward of the propeller unit 2 and the rear side (rear side) of the propeller unit 2 is steep so that the wind direction is longer and the angle is gentler. It protrudes backward. And, due to the shape of the front and back objects, the air flow is faster at the front and back sides at the portion where the length is short and the angle is steep than at the portion where the length is long and the angle is gentle. Therefore, a lift is obtained and the efficiency is high.

  As described above, the horizontal axis type wind power generator 1 according to the first embodiment has the outer peripheral ring 5 attached to the outer periphery of the propeller section 2 and the propeller center section 3 formed into a large conical shape when viewed from the front. Both the blade 4 and the outer peripheral ring 5 have the shape of the front and back objects, and the outer ring 5 has a shape devised on both the front side and the rear side such that the entire surface is uneven or inclined inward, so that it can be viewed from all directions. Since the rotating force can be obtained by receiving the wind, the wings (blades 4) of the propeller are short, the whole wind power generator 1 is small and lightweight, and the rotating force can be efficiently obtained regardless of the wind speed or the wind direction. Therefore, it is possible to generate power more efficiently.

  As described above, according to the horizontal axis wind power generator 1 of the first embodiment, the outer peripheral ring 5 is attached to the outer periphery of the propeller unit 2, and the blade 4 and the outer peripheral ring are formed together with the shape of the propeller center 3. By devising the shape of 5, it is possible to obtain a rotational force by receiving wind from all directions, so that the propeller wings (blades 4) are short, the wind power generator 1 as a whole is small and lightweight, and the wind speed is small. The rotational force can be obtained efficiently regardless of the wind direction.

Embodiment 2 FIG.
FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view showing an example of the external appearance of the horizontal axis wind power generator 10 according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. The horizontal axis wind power generator 10 includes a horizontal rotation axis (not shown), a propeller section 20 that rotates about the horizontal rotation axis, and a support column 6. The propeller section 20 includes a propeller center section 3, a plurality of It is composed of a blade 4 and an outer ring 50. The plurality of blades 4 are provided at equal angular intervals around the horizontal rotation axis and the propeller center 3. In addition, here, the description will be made assuming that the horizontal axis wind turbine 10 rotates in the direction of the arrow in FIG. The same components as those described with reference to FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description will be omitted.

  Further, a front view showing an example of a propeller unit 20 including a propeller center part 3, a plurality of blades 4, and an outer peripheral ring 50 of the horizontal axis type wind power generator 10 according to the second embodiment, and a propeller unit 20 according to the second embodiment. 3 are the same as those shown in FIGS. 2 and 4 in the first embodiment, except for the reference numerals, and therefore, illustration and description thereof are omitted. However, the side view and the perspective view of the propeller unit 20 are different from those of the first embodiment shown in FIG.

  6A and 6B are a side view and a perspective view of a propeller unit 20 of the horizontal axis type wind power generator 10 according to Embodiment 2, FIG. 6A is a side view, and FIG. 6B is from the front side (front side). FIG. 6C is a perspective view seen from the back side (rear side). In addition, since the explanatory diagram showing the cross-sectional shape of the propeller center portion 3, the blade 4, and the outer peripheral ring 50 in the propeller portion 20 has the same shape as FIG. 4 in the first embodiment, the illustration and the description are omitted.

  As shown in FIG. 6, an outer peripheral ring 50 is provided on an outer peripheral portion of the plurality of blades 4 so as to receive more wind outside the propeller unit 20, and irregularities 51 and 52 for receiving wind are provided. That is, the unevenness 51 is provided continuously on the front side (front side) of the outer peripheral ring 5, and the unevenness 52 is provided continuously on the back side (rear side) of the outer peripheral ring 5. Both the front-side (front side) unevenness 51 and the back-side (rear side) unevenness 52 have a shorter length and a shorter angle with respect to the rotation direction of the propeller unit 2 in the direction in which the wind is received (downward). Is steep, the direction of the wind is longer and the angle is gentler, and the part of the outer peripheral ring 50 where the irregularities 51 and 52 are provided is inclined inward on both the front side and the back side. What is attached is the outer peripheral rib in the first embodiment. Same as grayed 5, the peripheral ring 50, the irregularities 53 for receiving the wind also continuously on the side surface is a further outer periphery is provided in the second embodiment. Therefore, wind from the side direction can also be received.

  Also in the second embodiment, each of the plurality of blades 4 located between the propeller center portion 3 and the outer peripheral ring 50 has a front-back object shape. That is, similarly to the unevenness 51, 52, both the front side (front side) and the back side (rear side) of the blade 4 are shorter in the direction of receiving the wind (leeward) with respect to the rotation direction of the propeller unit 2. The front side (front side) protrudes forward of the propeller unit 2 and the rear side (rear side) of the propeller unit 2 is steep so that the wind direction is longer and the angle is gentler. It protrudes backward. And, due to the shape of the front and back objects, the air flow is faster at the front and back sides at the portion where the length is short and the angle is steep than at the portion where the length is long and the angle is gentle. Therefore, a lift is obtained and the efficiency is high.

  As described above, the horizontal axis type wind power generator 10 according to the second embodiment has the outer peripheral ring 50 attached to the outside of the propeller section 20 and the propeller center section 3 formed in a large conical shape when viewed from the front. Both the blade 4 and the outer peripheral ring 50 have the shape of the front and back objects, and the outer peripheral ring 50 has both the front side and the rear side with irregularities as a whole, or an inward slope, and the outer peripheral side surfaces with irregularities. By devising the shape, it is possible to obtain a rotational force by receiving wind from all directions including the side direction, so that the propeller blades (blades 4) are short, and the wind power generator 10 is small and lightweight as a whole, In addition, since the rotational force can be efficiently obtained irrespective of the wind speed and direction, power can be generated more efficiently.

  As described above, according to the horizontal axis type wind power generator 10 of the second embodiment, the outer peripheral ring 50 is attached to the outer periphery of the propeller unit 20 and the blade 4 and the outer peripheral ring are formed together with the shape of the propeller center part 3. Since the rotational force can be obtained by receiving wind from all directions by devising the shape of the wind turbine 50, the propeller blades (blades 4) are short, the overall size of the wind power generator 10 is small and lightweight, and the wind speed is small. The rotational force can be obtained efficiently regardless of the wind direction.

By providing the unevenness 53 also on the side surface that is the outer periphery of the outer peripheral ring 50 as in the second embodiment, wind from the side direction can be received. It can also be used for vertical axis wind power generators.
Further, the present invention has been described as relating to a wind power generator, but can be diverted to a blower. That is, a blower having the same configuration may be used.

  In the present invention, any combination of the embodiments, a modification of an arbitrary component of each embodiment, or an omission of an arbitrary component in each embodiment is possible within the scope of the invention. .

1,10 Horizontal axis wind power generator 2,20 Propeller part 3 Propeller center part 4 Blade 5,50 Outer ring 6 Prop 30 Horizontal rotating shaft hole 51 Front side (front side) irregularities 52 in outer ring 5,50 Outer ring Unevenness 53 on the back side (rear side) of 5, 50

Claims (3)

A horizontal axis type wind turbine that has a propeller section that rotates around the horizontal rotation axis around the horizontal rotation axis, rotates mainly when receiving wind from the front side that is the front side of the propeller section, and generates electric power by the rotation. In the generator,
The propeller unit includes a propeller center, a plurality of blades, and an outer peripheral ring,
The central portion of the propeller is attached to a forward end of the horizontal rotation axis, has a conical shape with the front end being the front side with the horizontal rotation axis as the central axis, and has a flat portion on the back side. And
The plurality of blades are radially provided at equal angular intervals around the horizontal rotation axis and the propeller center, and are provided around the propeller center, and each blade has a front-back object shape. Yes,
The outer peripheral ring is provided on an outer peripheral portion of the plurality of blades, and has irregularities for receiving wind on both the front side and the rear side, and the irregularities are provided on the front and back objects. Horizontal axis wind generator.   2. The horizontal axis wind power generator according to claim 1, wherein a portion of the outer peripheral ring provided with the unevenness is inclined inward on both a front side and a rear side. 3.   The horizontal shaft type wind power generator according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the outer peripheral ring further includes an unevenness for receiving wind on a side surface that is an outer periphery.

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