JP2020012356A - Embankment including flood prevention mechanism - Google Patents

Abstract

To resolve the problem in which heavy rain causes a river to flood, and rainwater that overflows from the top of an embankment 1 damages the outer sloping surface and causes the embankment to break.SOLUTION: The embankment 1 of a river is constructed with a great height after widening the width of a river in order to prevent inundation, and the existing embankment 1 is constructed by piling earth. If rainwater overflows due to flood and comes over a top 3 of the embankment 1, the sloping surface can be damaged and the embankment should eventually break. As a solution, the following remedies are preferable: providing a plurality of recesses 2 on the top 3 of the embankment 1 of a river in a city, a nonliving area, or an area where the effect of flood is reduced to a minimum, and discharging excessive rainwater that overflowed dispersedly from the plurality of provided recesses 2 in order to prevent flood in advance; and introducing and merging rainwater discharged from a main river that is at a high water level due to flood into near streams or the like that are expected to be at a lower water level.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to an embankment capable of preventing river flooding.

  The conventional embankment 11 of the river F is made of embankment material.

  When a heavy rain occurs, there is a possibility that the river will develop into a flood due to the flood. Therefore, from the viewpoint of preventing a disaster, the river width is widened and the levee 11 is raised to cope with the flood.

  The conventional embankment 11 was not provided with a mechanism for discharging excess rainwater.

  However, since the material of the conventional embankment 11 is formed by embankment, the torrential rainfall causes flooding and flooding, and when the rainwater passes over the top 13 of the embankment 11, the slope 15 outside the embankment 11 is scooped. As a result, the levee 11 will be destroyed,

  When heavy rainfall hits a flat area, including the upstream area of the river F, due to a natural disaster caused by a torrential rain, the rainwater merges from tributaries to become a main stream, causing flooding. In other words, floods led to the breach of the levee 11, and the breach of the levee 11 would not be taken into account in many cases in the past. Is apparently lost in an instant.

When a torrential rain occurs, there is a possibility that the river will develop into a flood due to the flood. Therefore, from the viewpoint of preventing a disaster, the river width is widened and the embankment 11 is raised to cope with the flood.
However, the more the river is widened and the embankment 11 is raised, the more rainwater in the embankment becomes enormous, and if the strength of the embankment 11 reaches the critical point, it would be catastrophic and hit. That is clear.
An object of the present invention is to provide a dike 1 capable of preventing flooding of a river F due to flooding.

  The present invention relates to a dike 1 provided with a flood prevention mechanism for a river, wherein a dike 2 serving as an escape route for surplus rainwater is provided at a top 3 of the dike 1. It is.

  A second aspect of the present invention is provided with the flood prevention mechanism according to the first aspect of the present invention, wherein the concave portion 2 has a significant depth and is provided at a plurality of predetermined positions on the top 3 of the embankment 1. Dike.

  A third aspect of the present invention is characterized in that a plurality of types of height differences H between the bottom surface 4 of the concave portion 2 and the listing 3a of the top portion 3 are provided, and two types of concave portion deep type 2a and concave type shallow type 2b are provided. 2 is an embankment provided with the flood prevention mechanism according to 2.

  A dike 4 of the present invention is provided with a flood prevention mechanism according to any one of the present invention 1 to 3, wherein a slope 5 and a drainage port 6 are provided on the side surface of the dike 1.

  In the embankment 1 of the river F, which has been flooded by the torrential rain, a recess 2 serving as an escape route for surplus rainwater is provided at the top 3 of the embankment 1, and the position of the bottom surface 4 b of the provided recess 2 is lower than the warning water level 9. , Rainwater is discharged from the concave portion 2 provided on the top 3 of the embankment 1 before the flood reaches the warning level 9, thereby preventing flooding and minimizing disasters.

  At several locations on the embankment 1 of the river F, which has been flooded by the torrential rain, the flood is eliminated by providing excess rainwater with a flood prevention mechanism, and the amount of water inside the embankment 1 is free due to the discharge of rainwater. Therefore, even if the distance between the dikes 1 (currently, the river width is several hundred meters) is reduced, the danger does not increase at all, and the land (land land) with the reduced river width is reused. Will contribute to the country.

  FIG. 1 is a bird's-eye view of a river according to the present invention, and a diagram provided with an inundation prevention mechanism according to the present invention in an area avoiding a living area D;   It is a side view of BB of FIG.   FIG. 2 is a sectional perspective view taken along the line CC in FIG. 1.   It is sectional drawing of AA of FIG.   It is a figure of a recessed part deep type shallow type in the cross section of BB of FIG.   It is a figure which shows the inclination angle ((alpha)) of the recessed part bottom surface 4 of the embankment 1 of this invention.   It is a figure of the conventional embankment.

  An object of the present invention is to reduce excess rainwater in the embankment by discharging excess rainwater in the embankment in order to suppress flooding caused by floods generated in the main river due to concentrated torrential rain. As a countermeasure, a procedure 1 for providing a plurality of recesses 2 for draining water on the embankment 1, a procedure 2 for adjusting the height difference H between the bottom surface 4 and the top 3 of the recess 2 of the embankment 1, and a bottom surface of the recess 2 for the embankment 1 There is a procedure 3 for adjusting the water volume of the river F in 4, and a method for adjusting the surplus rainwater, characterized in that the adjustment is performed in this order.

  The recess 2 at the top 3 of the embankment 1 has a significant depth (preferably 60-90 cm, preferably 90-120 cm deep), from the cautionary water level 9 of the embankment 1 to the low surface 4 of the recess 2. The distance is preferably about 30 to 50 cm. By providing a plurality of recessed portions 2 of the top 3 of the embankment 1 at predetermined positions of the embankment 1 and dispersing and discharging the floodwater in the embankment 1, the rainwater which has become a flood is preferably about 30 to 50 cm. It is possible to efficiently prevent flooding.

  A plurality of height differences H between the bottom surface 4 of the concave portion 2 of the embankment 1 and the listing 3a of the top portion 3 are provided, and any one of two types, a concave deep type 2a (90 to 120 cm) and a concave shallow type 2b (60 to 90 cm). Floods can be prevented by statistically selecting the locations where the craters are to be installed and installing them at each of the selected locations.

  An inundation prevention mechanism comprising a top portion 3, a recess bottom surface 4, a slope 5 and a drain port 6 of the embankment 1, and a recessed portion from the inside 4b of the embankment recess bottom surface of the recess bottom surface 4 at a position lower than the caution water level 9 of the embankment 1. By providing the downward inclination angle α toward the outer side 4a of the bottom surface, rainwater can easily retreat and can be used for adjustment of the water volume.

  The structure of the flood prevention mechanism includes protection of the side surface 7 of the recess 2 of the embankment 1 and the bottom surface 4 of the recess, protection of the side surface 7 of the slope 5 and a bottom surface of the slope 5 corresponding to gouging. Is released from the inside 4b of the bottom of the recess at a position lower than the caution water level 9, and the bottom 4a of the recess located at a low position from the inside 4b of the bottom of the recess has an inclination angle α. Since the bottom surface of the surface 5 has a structure corresponding to a gouge, the water is flown on the slope 5 without being dug by running water, and drained from the drain port 6.

  Rainwater discharged from the inside 4b of the bottom of the embankment recess of the recess 2 of the top 3 of the embankment 1 at a position lower than the cautionary water level 9 of the embankment 1 flows to the outside 4a of the bottom of the embankment recess at the downward end where the inclination angle is α. The water flows down the slope 5 and is drained from the drain port 6 to be drained to the drainage channel 10, and when the flood overflows, the water is introduced to a nearby brook or the like where a lower position is expected to be lower than the water level of the main stream.

  Embodiments will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 shows that, in normal times, the magnificent riverbed E in the embankment 1 is only a stream of water equal in size to the stream F. However, once the upstream mountainous area or flat area has a rainfall equal to the concentrated torrential rain, it becomes a flood, and the flood In the embankment 1 of the river F from the upstream to the downstream, the rainfall reaches the limit of containment. Therefore, it is necessary to release rainwater outside the embankment and adjust it. This is a flood prevention mechanism that discharges rainwater that has been flooded at a location such as the dike 1 in the recess 2 of the embankment 1 and can control the volume of water in the embankment 1.

  FIG. 2 is a side view of the embankment. Torrential rains over a wide area from the mountainous area up to the flat area will cause flooding, and the river capacity will reach the critical point beyond the cautionary water level 9 from the upstream to the downstream, causing flooding. To prevent the flooding of river F A plurality of recesses 2 serving as escape routes for surplus rainwater are provided at the top 3 of the embankment 1, and the position of the inner side 4 b of the bottom surface 4 of the recess 2 on the bottom surface 4 of the recess 2 is lower than the position of the caution water level 9 (deep bottom surface 4). Approximately 30 to 50 cm), the rainwater that has been flooded in the levee 1 flows out, and the stormwater that flows out smoothly moves to the outer side 4a of the bottom of the embankment concave portion which is further lowered at an inclined angle α. This is a flooding prevention mechanism characterized by draining a slope 5 having a structure corresponding to running water and a pit of flowing water from a drainage port 6.

  FIG. 3 is a sectional perspective view of the embankment. Due to the flood caused by the heavy rain in the upstream area, both sides provided on the top 3 of the embankment 1 are protected by the protection wall 7 against the impending rainwater approaching the top 3 of the embankment 1 of the river F, and the height difference H is provided. Rainwater is drained from the recessed portion 2, and a flood prevention mechanism that drains water from a drain port 6 by flowing down a slope 5 having a structure adapted to gouging by running water.

  FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA of the flood prevention mechanism. The inside of the recess 2 for protection of the flood caused by heavy rain on the upstream with the protection wall 7 which is located at a position lower than the position of the caution water level 9. The rainwater discharged from 4b flows smoothly on the outer side 4a of the bottom of the embankment concave portion, which is at a lower position with an additional inclination angle α, and flows on the slope 5 protected by the protective wall 7 which has a structure corresponding to gouging. , A flood prevention mechanism for flowing water from the drain port 6 to the drain channel 10.

  The embankment 1 of the present invention includes a floating substance control plate 8 as shown in FIG. When heavy rains occur in the upstream mountainous area, the landslides are scraped by the collapse accident, and when the slopes are scraped, the plants and the like become floating and are washed away by the flood. When the suspended matter that has been washed away by the flood is discharged together with the flood from the concave portion 2 that is the opening of the top 3 of the embankment 1, the wastewater treatment target is a target of the suspended matter. As a countermeasure to eliminate secondary damage, floating matter control is carried out in such a way that it covers from the listed part 3a of the top 3 of the embankment 1 to the lower side of the embankment from the bottom 4 of the embankment to the low position which is not affected by the suspended matter. A plate 8 is provided.

  That is, the suspended matter control plate 8 is provided at a position lower than the inside 3b of the concave bottom surface 4 from the position of the listing 3a of the top 3 of the embankment 1.

  Further, the upper end 8c of the suspended matter control plate 8 is located at a position higher than the warning water level 9, and the lower end 8a is located at a lower position which does not affect the lower limit of the suspended matter at the time of flooding.

  The floating space 8 is covered with the floating material control plate 8 to a low position not affected by the floating material, and the opening space S between the back surface 8b of the floating material control plate 8 and the slope 5 has an opening of a size effective for flood discharge. When the flood passes through the opening space S on the back surface 8b side of the floating substance control plate 8, the space surrounded by the protection wall 7 of the embankment recess from the inner side 4b of the embankment recess bottom faces the outer side 4a of the embankment recess bottom. The water is drained from the drain through the slope 5.

  FIG. 5 is a diagram of a deep type and a shallow type of the concave portion 2 of the embankment 1. At the point where the meandering of the river turned into a large river due to the flood becomes large, the burden on the embankment 1 is reduced by making the concave portion 2 a deep type 2a at the outer peripheral portion where the burden has occurred on the embankment due to centrifugal force and allowing a large amount of water to escape. This is a flood prevention mechanism which is provided with a shallow type 2b or a normal height difference H at an inner peripheral portion and is provided for adjustment.

  FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the inclination angle α of the concave bottom surface 4 of the embankment 1 of the present invention. The inclination angle α is provided so that rainwater discharged from the inside of the embankment concave bottom surface 4b can smoothly flow toward the outside of the embankment concave bottom surface 4a. The inclination angle α is preferably 10 ° to 30 ° with respect to the horizontal line.

  FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the conventional embankment 11. Since the conventional embankment 11 is formed by embankment, when the rainwater overflows the top 13 of the embankment 11 due to flooding, the overcoming rainwater impinges on the outer surface of the embankment 11. When the slope 15 is cut away, and when the outer slope 15 is cut, the top 13 collapses, and at the same time, the levee 11 breaks down.

1 River embankment of the present invention 2 Recess 2a Recess (deep)
2b recess (shallow)
3 Top of the embankment 3a Listed on the top 4 Bottom surface of the recess 4a Outside of the bottom of the embankment 4b Inside of the bottom of the embankment recess 5 Slope 6 Drainage port 7 Protective wall 8 Floating matter control board 8a Bottom end of the floating matter control board 8b Floating matter control board Back surface 8c Upper end S of suspended matter control board Opening space 9 Warning water level 10 Drainage channel D Living area E Riverbed F River H Height difference between the top surface of the embankment and the bottom surface of the recess α The bottom surface 4 of the recess 2 of the embankment 1 and the horizontal line Slope angle 11 Conventional dike 13 Conventional dike top 15 Conventional dike slope

Claims (4)

  An embankment (1) provided with a flood prevention mechanism for a river, wherein a recess (2) serving as an escape route for excess rainwater is provided at a top (3) of the embankment (1). Embankment provided.   The embankment according to claim 1, wherein the recess (2) has a significant depth and is provided at a plurality of predetermined locations on the embankment top (3).   A plurality of height differences (H) between the bottom surface (4) of the concave portion (2) and the listing (3a) of the top portion (3) are provided, and the concave portion (deep type) (2a) and the concave portion (shallow type) (2b) are formed. The dike provided with the flood prevention mechanism according to claim 1 or 2, wherein two types are provided. The dike provided with a flood prevention mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a slope (5) and a drain port (6) are provided on a side surface of the dike (1).

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