JP2020010548A - Rotor and motor, and wire connection method of the rotor - Google Patents

Abstract

To prevent a peeling of a coated film and a disconnection of a wire.SOLUTION: A motor arranged in which a core having a plurality of teeth parts 22 and a commutator having a plurality of commutator pieces have a gap 14 in an axial direction, is engaged to a terminal 12b of one commutator piece, is wound to a winding core part containing corresponded teeth part 22 in accordance with this terminal 12b, and thereafter, provides a winding 30 having a plurality of winding parts 30A to 30C engaged to the terminal 12b of a next pole on one direction side of the terminal 12b. In each of the winding parts 30A to 30C, a winding start line 31 from the terminal 12b to be engaged to just before the winding of the winding core part and a winding termination line 33 directed to the terminal 12b of the next pole from a coil part 32 are included. The winding start line 31 has: a stress relaxation part 31a passing through one end side of the teeth part 22 adjacent to one direction side of at least wining part in the gap 14; and an abandoned winding part 31d passing through the other end side of the teeth part 22 in an opposite side of the stress relaxation part 31a for the coil part 32.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 4

Description

  The present invention relates to a rotor provided with a commutator, a method of connecting the rotor, and a motor including the rotor.

  Conventionally, as a motor with a brush, a stator having a permanent magnet fixed to the inner peripheral surface of a bottomed cylindrical housing, a rotor having a core fixed to a shaft and wound with windings, A so-called inner rotor type motor in which a rotor is rotatably accommodated inside is generally known. The rotor is provided with a commutator fixed to the shaft. The commutator is configured by attaching a metal commutator piece having a contact portion with which the brush makes sliding contact and a terminal where the winding is locked to an insulating support. The winding is locked to the terminals of the commutator pieces and wound around the teeth of the core to form a coil portion (for example, see Patent Documents 1 and 2).

JP-A-2-97260 Japanese Patent Publication No. 7-46890

  By the way, since the winding is locked to the commutator piece with a predetermined tension (tension) and wound around the rotor core, the winding is arranged so that excessive tension is applied, that is, stress is concentrated on a part of the winding. It is desirable not to use a simple connection method. To solve such a problem, conventionally, as shown in FIG. 10, after the winding 130 is locked to the terminal 112b, a gap 114 between the core and the terminal 112b of the commutator piece (a so-called under-neck space). In some cases, a winding method is used in which the winding 130 is caused to make one round and then wound around the teeth 122 of the core. According to this connection method, the stress and tension acting on the winding 130 can be expected to be reduced by the winding portion that goes around the neck 114, and stress concentration can be avoided.

  However, in the case of the connection method of FIG. 10, the number of the windings 130 wound around the neck 114 is three or four, and the windings 130 may come into contact with each other. Further, since the number of windings 130 under the neck 114 is large, each winding 130 is routed around the commutator along a direction orthogonal to the axial direction. For this reason, the part (the winding start line 131 located in the range indicated by the dot pattern in the drawing) until the winding 130 locked to the first pole terminal 112b goes to the first pole teeth portion 122 is formed during the winding operation. There is a problem that it easily shifts in the axial direction and easily contacts the winding start wire 131 of the other pole. It is desirable to avoid contact between the windings 130 since this may cause peeling of the insulating film and disconnection of the windings.

  The rotor and the method for connecting the rotor according to the present invention have been devised in view of such problems, and have an object to alleviate the stress and tension acting on the winding and to prevent the coating of the winding from peeling off and disconnection. One. Another object of the motor of the present invention is to prevent the peeling and disconnection of the coating of the rotor winding and improve the quality. It is to be noted that the present invention is not limited to these objects, and it is another object of the present invention to provide an operation effect derived from each of the configurations described in the embodiments for carrying out the invention described later, and to obtain an operation effect that cannot be obtained by the conventional technology. It is.

  (1) The rotor disclosed herein rotates integrally with the shaft, and between a core having a plurality of teeth arranged in a circumferential direction with a slot interposed between the core and the core integrally rotating with the shaft. A commutator having a same number of metal commutator pieces as the teeth portion and spaced from each other in the axial direction, and is locked to a terminal of one of the commutator pieces and corresponds to the locked terminal. A plurality of winding portions that are wound around a core portion including a corresponding tooth portion that is the tooth portion and that are locked to the terminal of the next pole adjacent to the locked terminal in one direction. And a winding.

  The winding portion includes a winding start line from the locked terminal to immediately before being wound around the core portion, and the terminal of the next pole from the coil portion wound around the core portion. The winding start line is included in the gap, and the stress relaxing portion that passes through at least one axial end of the teeth portion adjacent to at least the one direction side of the core in the gap. And a discard winding portion that passes through the other end of the teeth portion in the axial direction on the opposite side of the stress relief portion with respect to the coil portion.

  (2) The winding start line is provided continuously with the stress relieving portion that has passed the one end side in the axial direction of the tooth portion adjacent to the one direction side of the corresponding tooth portion, and the winding start line of the adjacent tooth portion is provided. It is preferable to have a slot passage part inserted into the slot on the one direction side.

  (3) It is preferable that the rotor is provided with N pieces (where N ≧ 3) of the teeth portion and the commutator pieces. In this case, the winding has the terminal of the first pole as a starting point, has N winding portions, and has the terminal of the first pole as an end point, and the winding start line is the winding of the corresponding tooth portion. The M-th teeth portion is provided continuously with the stress relieving portion that has passed through the one axial end of the M-th (M <N) teeth portion located on one side, and the M-th teeth portion has the one direction. And a winding end line of the N-th pole extending in the one direction and locked to the terminal of the first pole, wherein the winding end line of a pole number M or less is provided. Preferably extend in a direction opposite to the one direction and is locked to the terminal of the next pole.

(4) It is preferable that the winding end wire is hooked to the terminal of the next pole from a direction opposite to a direction from the coil portion toward the terminal of the next pole.
(5) A motor disclosed herein includes the rotor described in any one of (1) to (4) above, and a permanent magnet fixed to an inner peripheral surface of a cylindrical housing. And a stator that rotatably supports one end of the shaft, and an end bell that has a brush and is fixed to an opening of the housing.

  (6) The rotor connection method disclosed herein is such that the rotor is integrally rotated with the shaft, and a plurality of teeth are arranged in a circumferential direction with a slot interposed therebetween. A commutator having the same number of metal commutator pieces as are positioned with a gap in the axial direction between the teeth, and a winding wound around a core portion including at least one of the teeth, A method of winding a rotor, comprising: locking the winding to a terminal of one of the commutator pieces; and including a corresponding tooth portion as the tooth portion corresponding to the locked terminal. After winding around the core portion to form a coil portion, a plurality of main steps of forming a winding portion by locking the terminal of the next pole adjacent to one side of the locked terminal in one direction are performed. Perform it twice.

  In the main step, the winding start line from the terminal locked before forming the coil portion to immediately before winding on the core portion, in the gap and at least the winding core line A first step of forming a stress relieving portion by passing one end in the axial direction of the tooth portion adjacent to the one direction side, and forming the winding start line on the coil portion side of the tooth portion relative to the stress relieving portion; A second step of forming a discarded winding part by passing through the other end side in the axial direction.

  (7) It is preferable that the rotor is provided with N (where N ≧ 3) teeth portions and the N commutator pieces. In this case, in the first main step, one end of the winding is fixed to the terminal of the first pole to be a starting point, and in each first step, the winding start wire is connected to the corresponding tooth portion. The stress relaxation portion is formed by passing one end side in the axial direction of the M-th (M <N) teeth portion located in the one-direction side, and the M-th teeth portion in the one direction And in the main process before the M-th time, the winding end line extending from the coil portion to the terminal of the next pole extends in the direction opposite to the one direction, and In the N-th main process, the winding end line extending from the coil portion of the N-th pole to the terminal of the first pole is extended in the one direction and locked to the terminal of the first pole. End point at the other end of the winding Door is preferable.

ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to the rotor and the method of connecting rotors disclosed herein, it is possible to alleviate the stress and the tension acting on the winding and to prevent the coating of the winding from peeling off and disconnection.
Further, according to the disclosed motor, the coating of the windings can be prevented from being peeled off or broken, so that the quality can be improved.

FIG. 2 is an axial half-sectional view of the motor according to the embodiment. It is the top view which looked at the rotor core which the rotor concerning an embodiment has from the axial direction. It is the perspective view which looked at the commutator which the rotor concerning an embodiment has from the axial direction one end side. FIG. 4 is a connection diagram for describing a rotor connection method according to the first embodiment. It is a flow chart explaining the procedure of the rotor connection method concerning a first embodiment. (A) is a connection diagram for explaining a rotor connection method according to the second embodiment, and (b) is a table for explaining the connection diagram of FIG. 6 (a). It is a table | surface for demonstrating the influence on the electric circuit of the cross part of a winding. (A) is a connection diagram for explaining a rotor connection method according to a modification of the second embodiment, and (b) is a table for explaining the connection diagram of FIG. 8 (a). (A) is a connection diagram for explaining a rotor connection method according to another modification of the second embodiment, and (b) is a table for explaining the connection diagram of FIG. 9 (a). FIG. 9 is a connection diagram for explaining a conventional rotor connection method.

  With reference to the drawings, a rotor and a motor as an embodiment and a method of connecting the rotor will be described. The embodiments described below are merely examples, and there is no intention to exclude various modifications and application of techniques not explicitly described in the following embodiments. Each configuration of the present embodiment can be variously modified and implemented without departing from the spirit thereof. Further, they can be selected as needed, or can be appropriately combined.

[1. First Embodiment]
[1-1. overall structure]
FIG. 1 is an axial half-sectional view of the motor 1 of the first embodiment. The motor 1 of the present embodiment is a permanent magnet field type brushed DC motor, and has a stator 2, a rotor 3 and an end bell 4. The stator 2 has a housing 2A formed in a bottomed cylindrical shape, and a permanent magnet 2B fixed along the inner peripheral surface of the housing 2A. The permanent magnet 2 </ b> B faces the core 20 of the rotor 3 (hereinafter, referred to as “rotor core 20”) in an assembled state of the rotor 3, and extends in the axial direction so as to surround the rotor core 20.

  A circular hole 2h extends through the center of the bottom of the housing 2A. A bearing 2C that rotatably supports one end of the shaft 5 of the rotor 3 is fitted into the hole 2h. The end bell 4 is a lid member fixed to the opening of the housing 2A, and has a brush and a terminal (not shown). The end bell 4 has a concave portion 4a in which a bearing 2D rotatably supporting the other end of the shaft 5 is fitted, and a hole 4h through which the shaft 5 is inserted.

  Each of the rotors 3 has a rotor core 20 and a commutator 10 that rotate integrally with the shaft 5. In the present embodiment, a three-groove rotor is exemplified. The shaft 5 is a rotating shaft that supports the rotor 3, and also functions as an output shaft that takes out the output of the motor 1 to the outside. The rotor core 20 is a laminated core in which a plurality of steel plates having the same shape are laminated, and the shaft 5 is fixed to the center of the rotor core 20 in a state where the axial direction coincides with the lamination direction of the steel plates. The commutator 10 is press-fitted and fixed to the shaft 5 and attached to the rotor core 20 to define a circumferential position.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the rotor core 20 of the present embodiment has an outer shape having three-fold rotational symmetry when viewed in the axial direction. Specifically, the rotor core 20 includes a central portion 21 in which a through hole 21h to which the shaft 5 is fixed is formed, three teeth portions 22 extending radially outward from the central portion 21, and each tooth. An outer end portion of the portion 22 includes three arc portions 23 provided apart from each other in the circumferential direction. The central portion 21 has three key grooves 25 formed by cutting an inner peripheral surface of the through hole 21h radially outward. A foot 11f (see FIG. 3) projecting in the axial direction at one axial end of the commutator 10 is fitted into each key groove 25, and the commutator 10 is positioned.

  A winding 30 (see FIG. 1) is arranged in a space (hereinafter referred to as “slot 24”) surrounded by two teeth portions 22 and an arc portion 23 and a central portion 21 which are adjacent in the circumferential direction. The slots 24 are grooves extending in the axial direction of the shaft 5 as shown in FIG. 1, and are formed at equal intervals in the circumferential direction of the rotor core 20 as shown in FIG. 2. In other words, a plurality of teeth portions 22 are arranged in the rotor core 20 in the circumferential direction with the slot 24 interposed therebetween. The winding 30 is wound around the teeth portion 22 of the rotor core 20 by a predetermined number of turns through the slots 24 on both sides of the teeth portion 22.

  The winding 30 is an insulated wire that generates a magnetic force when a current flows, and is wound around the rotor core 20 with a predetermined tension by a Δ connection method. The portion of the rotor core 20 around which the winding 30 is wound is coated with an insulating layer (not shown) so that the insulating property is maintained. Hereinafter, as shown in FIG. 1, the winding 30 wound around the teeth portion 22 is referred to as a “coil portion 32”. The detailed connection method of the winding 30 will be described later.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, the commutator 10 has a plurality of metal commutator pieces 12 positioned with a gap 14 in the axial direction between the commutator piece 12 and the commutator pieces 12. And a support 11 made of resin. The commutator 10 of the three-groove rotor 3 of the present embodiment has three commutator pieces 12. The support 11 is a cylindrical insulating component having an axial hole 11h penetrating in the axial direction. The support 11 is fixed to the shaft 5 and attached to the rotor core 20, and rotates integrally with the shaft 5.

  Each commutator piece 12 has a brush contact portion 12a with which the brush makes sliding contact, and a terminal 12b to which the winding 30 is connected. The brush contact portion 12a has a shape obtained by dividing a cylinder into three parts, and is fixed to the support 11 by an annular pressing member 13 while being in surface contact with the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion of the support 11. The terminal 12 b is a portion that extends radially outward from the arc-shaped end of the brush contact portion 12 a and is bent, and has a shape capable of locking the winding 30. The windings 30 locked to the terminals 12b are joined by thermal joining (joining processing using heat) such as welding or soldering.

[1-2. Configuration of winding]
FIG. 4 shows a connection diagram of the winding 30 according to the present embodiment. As shown in FIG. 4, one end of the winding 30 is locked (hooked) to one of the three terminals 12 b of the commutator piece 12, and then one end of the three tooth portions 22 of the rotor core 20. To form a coil portion 32. Next, the second coil portion 32 is formed by being locked to another terminal 12b and wound around another tooth portion 22. Then, it is locked to the remaining terminals 12b and wound around the remaining teeth portions 22 to form a third coil portion 32, and the other end of the winding 30 is locked to the first terminals 12b. The connection is completed.

  Hereinafter, one end of the winding 30 is referred to as “start point 30s”, and the other end of the winding 30 is referred to as “end point 30e”. Further, of the three terminals 12b, the terminal 12b at which the start point 30s and the end point 30e of the winding 30 are locked is referred to as “first pole”, and the terminal 12b at which the winding 30 is locked next is referred to as “second pole”. Finally, the terminal 12b to which the winding 30 is locked is referred to as a “third pole”. In the present embodiment, when the rotor 3 is viewed from the commutator 12 side in the axial direction (hereinafter referred to as "in the axial direction"), the first, second, and third terminals 12b are arranged clockwise in the circumferential direction. A case will be exemplified.

  In addition, among the three tooth portions 22, the tooth portion 22 where the first coil portion 32 is formed is referred to as “first pole”, and the tooth portion 22 where the coil portion 32 is formed next is referred to as “second pole”, Finally, the teeth portion 22 where the coil portion 32 is formed is referred to as a “third pole”. In the rotor 3 of the present embodiment, the first, second, and third teeth portions 22 are arranged clockwise in the circumferential direction when viewed in the axial direction. In the present embodiment, the first-pole tooth portion 22 is located between the first and second pole terminals 12b, the second-pole tooth portion 22 is located between the second and third pole terminals 12b, and The pole teeth portion 22 is located between the third pole and the first pole terminal 12b. In the following description, the terminal 12b and the teeth portion 22 having the same number of poles (for example, the first pole terminal 12b and the first pole teeth portion 22) are expressed as "corresponding". For example, the teeth portion 22 corresponding to the first pole terminal 12b becomes the first pole teeth portion 22.

  The winding 30 is engaged with one terminal 12b and is wound around a core portion including the teeth portion 22 having the same number of poles (that is, corresponding) to the terminal 12b (hereinafter referred to as “corresponding tooth portion 22”). After that, there are a plurality of winding portions configured to be locked to the terminal 12b of the next pole adjacent to one side of the locked terminal 12b in one direction. In the three-groove rotor 3 of the present embodiment, the one direction is the “clockwise direction as viewed in the axial direction”, and three winding portions 30A, 30B, and 30C are provided. In the following description, one direction as viewed in the axial direction is referred to as “forward”, and a direction opposite to one direction as viewed in the axial direction is referred to as “reverse”.

  Here, the core portion is a portion serving as a core of the coil portion 32, is located at the center of the coil portion 32, and includes at least one corresponding tooth portion 22. Since the core part of the present embodiment includes one corresponding tooth part 22, the core part is also denoted by reference numeral 22 in the present embodiment.

  Each of the winding portions 30 </ b> A to 30 </ b> C has a winding start wire 31 extending from the locked terminal 12 b to immediately before being wound around the core portion 22, a coil portion 32 wound around the core portion 22, And a winding end wire 33 extending from the portion 32 to the terminal 12b of the next pole. In the rotor 3 of the present embodiment, the three winding portions 30A to 30C have the same configuration. Therefore, here, the description will be mainly given of the winding part 30A of the first pole as an example.

  The winding start wire 31 of the present embodiment includes a portion 31 a extending in the circumferential direction in the gap 14 between the commutator 10 and the rotor core 20, a portion 31 c extending in the axial direction through the slot 24, And a portion 31b extending along the opposite end face 20b. In the following description, these three portions are referred to as a stress relaxation portion 31a, a slot passing portion 31c, and a waste winding portion 31b, respectively.

  The stress relieving portion 31 a is a portion that passes through one end in the axial direction of the tooth portion 22 adjacent to the forward side of the core portion 22 in the gap 14. For example, the stress relieving portion 31a of the first pole winding portion 30A is clockwise from the portion (that is, the starting point 30s) locked to the first pole terminal 12b to the first pole tooth portion 22 (the core portion). It passes through one axial end (upper side in the figure) of the tooth portion 22 of the second pole adjacent to the left side (in the figure). As the name implies, the stress relieving portion 31a has a function of relieving stress and tension acting on the winding 30.

  If it is assumed that the winding 30 is locked to the first pole terminal 12b and then directly wound around the first pole teeth portion 22 located at the lower left in FIG. And the load on the winding 30 increases. In order to reduce such a load (stress, tension), a winding start wire 31 is formed around the support 11 of the commutator 10 within the gap 14 by a predetermined length (about 240 degrees in the present embodiment). The winding forms the stress relaxation portion 31a.

  The slot passing portion 31c is provided continuously with the stress relieving portion 31a that has passed through one axial end of the tooth portion 22 adjacent to the corresponding tooth portion 22 in the forward direction, and is provided on the forward direction side of the adjacent tooth portion 22 ( (Left side in the figure). That is, in the rotor 3 of the present embodiment, the winding start wire 31 is not the slot 24 adjacent to the corresponding tooth portion 22 having the same polarity as the terminal 12b, but is adjacent to the tooth portion 22 adjacent to the corresponding tooth portion 22. It is inserted into the slot 24. In other words, since the slot 24 into which the winding start wire 31 is inserted is shifted by one (the slot 24 is shifted by one), it can be said that the rotor is a "one-slot shifted rotor".

  The discarded winding portion 31b is a portion that passes through the other end of the teeth portion 22 in the axial direction on the opposite side of the stress relaxation portion 31a with respect to the coil portion 32. For example, the discarded winding part 31b of the winding part 30A of the first pole is the tooth part 22 on the opposite side of the stress relaxation part 31a of the first pole with respect to the coil part 32 of the first pole, that is, the axial direction of the tooth part 22 of the third pole. It passes through the other end (lower side in the figure). In other words, the discarded winding part 31b of the present embodiment is configured such that, of the two teeth parts 22 on both sides of the core part 22, the other end in the axial direction of the tooth part 22 adjacent to the opposite side to the forward direction side, It passes in the same forward direction as the stress relaxation portion 31a.

  The winding end wire 33 of the present embodiment is a portion from the end of the coil portion 32 wound around the core portion 22 to the position where it is locked to the terminal 12b of the next pole. For example, the winding end wire 33 of the first-pole winding portion 30A is a portion from the slot 24 between the first-pole tooth portion 22 and the third-pole tooth portion 22 to the portion where the second-pole terminal 12b is locked. is there. The winding end wire 33 of the present embodiment is arranged such that, with respect to the terminal 12b of the next pole, the direction (in this case, the forward direction, that is, the clockwise direction) from the coil portion 32 to the terminal 12b of the next pole is opposite. Be hooked.

  That is, the winding end wire 33 is locked so as to be wound around the terminal 12b from below (the gap 14 side). As a result, the winding start wire 31 of the next pole (that is, the winding start wire 31 starting from the terminal 12b to which the winding end wire 33 is locked) is detoured from the side opposite to the forward direction (the right side in the drawing) of the terminal 12b. Extend to do. For this reason, the stress applied to the winding portions 30A to 30C is further reduced.

[1-3. Winding connection method]
FIG. 5 is a flowchart illustrating a procedure of a method for connecting the windings 30 according to the present embodiment. As shown in FIG. 5, in this connection method, a similar step (hereinafter, referred to as “main steps S10, S20, S30”) is repeated three times. In each of the main processes S10, S20, and S30, the winding core 30 includes the corresponding tooth portion 22 having the same polarity as the locked terminal 12b while the winding 30 is locked to the terminal 12b of one commutator piece 12. After winding around the coil portion 32 to form the coil portion 32, the coil portion 32A is locked to the terminal 12b of the next pole adjacent to the locked terminal 12b in the forward direction to form the winding portions 30A to 30C. is there.

  In each of the main processes S10, S20, and S30, the winding start wire 31 from the terminal 12b locked before forming the coil portion 32 to just before winding on the core portion 22 is formed in the gap 14 at least. The first steps S13, S23, and S33 of forming the stress relieving portion 31a by passing one end in the axial direction of the tooth portion 22 adjacent to the forward direction side of the core portion 22 and the winding start line 31 are combined with the stress relieving portion. Second steps S15, S25, and S35 of forming the discarded winding part 31b by passing the other end of the tooth part 22 in the axial direction on the coil part 32 side from the coil part 31a are included.

  The details will be described below. In step S11, one end of the winding 30 is locked to the first pole terminal 12b. Thereby, the starting point 30s is formed. Next, in step S13, a stress relaxation portion 31a of the first pole is formed (first step). That is, the winding 30 is extended clockwise from the starting point 30 s, passes through one axial end of the tooth portion 22 of the second pole, and is inserted into the slot 24 adjacent to the tooth portion 22. In the following step S15, a first-pole discarded winding part 31b is formed (second step). In other words, the winding 30 (slot passing portion 31c) that has passed through the slot 24 is similarly clockwise stretched to pass through the other axial end of the third pole tooth portion 22.

  Then, the winding 30 is inserted into the slot 24 immediately before the first pole tooth part 22 (core part), and the first core part 32 is wound around the core part 22 by a predetermined number of turns. It is formed (step S17). Finally, in step S19, the winding 30 is locked to the terminal 12b of the second pole, thereby completing the winding section 30A of the first pole and completing the first main process S10.

  Note that the process of step S19 is also the first process of the subsequent second main process S20 (the process corresponding to step S11), and thus "step S21" is also shown in FIG. That is, locking the winding 30 to the second pole terminal 12b in step S19 is also a step of creating an end of the winding start wire 31 in the second pole winding portion 30B. After the step S19 (step S21) is completed, the process proceeds to step S23.

  Steps S23, S25, S27, and S29 correspond to steps S13, S15, S17, and S19, respectively. That is, the winding 30 locked to the terminal 12b of the second pole extends clockwise from the terminal 12b, passes through one end side of the tooth part 22 of the third pole in the axial direction, and extends through the slot 24 adjacent to the tooth part 22. To form the stress relaxation portion 31a of the second pole (step S23, first step).

  Next, the winding 30 that has passed through the slot 24 is likewise stretched clockwise, and is passed through the other end of the first tooth portion 22 in the axial direction, thereby forming the second-pole discarded winding portion 31b (step S25). , Second step). Then, the coil 30 is inserted into the slot 24 immediately before the tooth portion 22 (core portion) of the second pole, and the coil portion 32 of the second pole is wound around the core portion 22 by a predetermined number of turns. After the formation (Step S27), the second winding 30B is completed by engaging with the third pole terminal 12b (Step S29), and the second main process S20 is completed.

  Similarly, in step S33, the winding 30 engaged with the third pole terminal 12b is extended clockwise from the third pole terminal 12b, and is passed through one end of the first pole tooth portion 22 in the axial direction. To form a stress relief portion 31a of the third pole by inserting it into the slot 24 (first step). Next, the winding 30 that has passed through the slot 24 is likewise extended clockwise, and is passed through the other end in the axial direction of the tooth portion 22 of the second pole, thereby forming the third pole discard winding portion 31b (step S35). , Second step).

  Then, the winding 30 is inserted into the slot 24 immediately before the third pole tooth portion 22 (core portion), and is wound around the core portion 22 by a predetermined number of turns, so that the third pole coil portion 32 is formed. After the formation (step S37), the third pole winding portion 30C is completed by engaging with the first pole terminal 12b (step S39), and the third main process S30 is completed. In step S39, the other end of the winding 30 locked to the terminal 12b forms an end point 30e.

[1-4. effect]
(1) According to the rotor 3 described above, since the stress relaxation portion 31a is provided on the winding start wire 31, the stress and tension acting on the winding 30 can be reduced, and disconnection of the winding 30 and peeling of the coating film can be prevented. Further, as shown in FIG. 10, the angle of the stress relaxation portion 31a of the winding start wire 31 is smaller than that of the conventional configuration in which the winding start wire 131 is wound around the gap 114 between the teeth portion 122 and the commutator piece 112 one round. Can be made to stand, so that the stress relaxation portion 31a wound around the gap 14 can be hardly displaced.

  Here, the angle refers to the inclination of the stress relaxation portion 31a with respect to the circumferential direction (the inclination with respect to the horizontal direction in the connection diagram of FIG. 4). As is clear from FIGS. 4 and 10, in the case of the rotor 3 of the present embodiment, since the angle of the stress relieving portion 31 a is larger than that of the conventional configuration, the winding 30 wound around the gap 14 (the stress relieving portion 31 a). 31a) becomes difficult to shift. Even if the stress relaxation portion 31a is displaced, the number of the windings 30 existing at the same circumferential position in the gap 14 is smaller than that of the conventional configuration. Contact can be suppressed. This also improves the effect of preventing the winding 30 from being disconnected and the effect of preventing the film from peeling off.

  Therefore, according to the rotor 3 and the method of connecting the rotor described above, the stress and tension of the winding 30 can be reduced, and the coating of the winding 30 can be prevented from peeling and disconnection. Further, according to the rotor 3 and the method of connecting the same, the winding 30 can be wound by a fully automatic device. Further, according to the motor 1 having the rotor 3 described above, since the coating of the winding 30 can be prevented from being peeled off and broken, the quality thereof can be improved.

  (2) In the rotor 3 described above, the stress relieving portion 31a passes through one axial end of the tooth portion 22 adjacent to the corresponding tooth portion 22 in the forward direction, and the slot passing portion 31c has the It is inserted into the slot 24 on the forward side. That is, since the above-described rotor 3 is a "one-slot shifted rotor", the stress relief portion 31a can be secured by simple handling.

  (3) According to the above-described rotor 3, the winding end wire 33 is hooked to the terminal 12b of the next pole from the direction opposite to the direction from the coil portion 32 to the terminal 12b of the next pole. The winding start wire 31 of the next pole can be extended to bypass the terminal 12 in the direction opposite to the forward direction. Thereby, the stress applied to the winding portions 30A to 30C can be further reduced.

  In the three-groove rotor 3 of the present embodiment, the discarded winding part 31b is the same as the stress relieving part 31a at the other axial end of the tooth part 22 adjacent to the side opposite to the forward side of the core part 22. When provided so as to pass in the forward direction (when the direction of the discarded winding portion 31b is the same as the direction of the stress relieving portion 31a), it is possible to prevent the discarded winding portion 31b from engaging the shaft 5 (winding contact). For this reason, according to the three-groove rotor 3 of the present embodiment, the effect of preventing the winding 30 from being disconnected and the effect of preventing the peeling of the film are reduced as compared with the case where the direction of the discarded winding part 31b is reversed from the direction of the stress relaxation part 31a. Can be enhanced. In the case of the three-groove, one-slot shift rotor 3 as in this embodiment, the configuration of the rotor 3 is simplified by making the direction of the discarded winding part 31b the same as the direction of the stress relaxation part 31a. You can also.

[2. Second embodiment]
Next, the configuration of the rotor 3 according to the second embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 6A and 6B and the connection diagram of FIG. 4 described above. In addition, about the structure similar to 1st Embodiment mentioned above, the same code | symbol as 1st Embodiment is attached | subjected and the overlapping description is abbreviate | omitted. The configuration of the rotor 3 of the present embodiment is the same as the configuration of the first embodiment except for the winding end wire 33 of the winding part 30A of the first pole.

  As shown in FIG. 4, in the rotor 3 of the first embodiment, there are portions where a plurality of winding start lines 31 and winding end lines 33 in the gap 14 intersect. For example, paying attention to the winding end line 33 of the first pole, the winding end line 33 intersects two of the winding start line 31 of the first pole and the winding start line 31 of the third pole. Of these two intersections, the intersection between the first pole winding end line 33 and the third pole winding start line 31 is 3 points from the top of the previously wound first pole winding end line 33 (radially outside). Since the pole winding start wire 31 is wound, it is in contact with and intersects, and if the insulating film is peeled off and short-circuited, the function as the motor 1 is impaired.

  On the other hand, the intersection of the winding end line 33 of the first pole and the winding start line 31 of the first pole is the winding end line 33 of the first pole from above (radially outside) the winding start line 31 of the first winding. Is wound later, so there is a drop in the radial direction. That is, although they appear to cross on the connection diagram, they do not actually touch. In the connection diagram of FIG. 4, it appears that the winding end wire 33 of the first pole and the winding start wire 31 of the second pole intersect immediately below the terminal 12b. Here, the winding 30 is connected to the terminal 12b. This is the part that is thermally joined after locking, not the intersection.

  In addition, for example, focusing on the winding end line 33 of the second pole, the winding end line 33 intersects two winding start lines 31 and 31 of the first pole. Of these two intersections, the intersection between the winding end line 33 of the second pole and the winding start line 31 of the first pole is two points from the top (radially outside) of the winding start line 31 of the first pole wound earlier. Since the extreme winding end wire 33 is wound, there is a drop in the radial direction. In other words, this intersection also appears to cross on the connection diagram, but does not actually touch. Similarly, the intersection of the winding end line 33 of the second pole and the winding start line 31 of the second pole also has a drop in the radial direction and appears to cross on the connection diagram, but does not actually contact.

  The rotor 3 of the present embodiment has a wiring method in which an intersection between the winding end wire 33 of the first pole and the winding start wire 31 of the third pole, that is, a part that does not impair the function as the motor 1 when short-circuited due to contact intersection is formed. The winding 30 is wound. Specifically, as shown by the bold solid line in FIG. 6A, the winding 30 of the present embodiment is such that the winding end line 33 of the first pole is the winding end line 33 of the other pole (second and third poles). Extends in the direction opposite to the direction in which the coil portion 32 extends from the coil portion 32 toward the terminal 12b (here, the “clockwise direction” which is the forward direction), and is locked to the terminal 12b of the next pole.

  That is, the winding end wire 33 of the first pole extends counterclockwise from the coil part 32 of the first pole (U-turn) in the gap 14 and is locked to the terminal 12b of the second pole. Thereby, as shown by the two-dot chain line in FIG. 6A, the intersection (FIG. 6) of the winding end line 33 of the first pole and the winding start line 31 of the third pole existing in the connection diagram of FIG. The middle cross mark) is eliminated, and the effect of preventing disconnection and the effect of preventing film peeling can be enhanced.

  Here, FIG. 6B is a table showing the influence of the electric circuit at the intersection of the winding start line 31 and the winding end line 33 in the three-groove rotor 3 of the first embodiment and the second embodiment. . The crosses in the table indicate that the points intersect with each other and that, when a short circuit occurs, the function of the motor is impaired. Hereinafter, this intersection is referred to as a “first cross portion”. The first cross portion is a portion that is preferably avoided from the viewpoint of ensuring the performance of the motor. Further, as shown above, the horizontal bar in the table indicates a crossing point on the connection diagram, but does not actually contact (crossing point with a drop). Hereinafter, this intersection is referred to as a “third cross part”. The third cross section does not need to be avoided.

  On the other hand, the circles in the table indicate points where they cross contact, but where there is no problem, even if a short circuit occurs, the current flow does not change significantly. Hereinafter, this intersection is referred to as a “second cross portion”. The second cross portion does not exist in the winding method shown in the connection diagrams of FIGS. 4 and 6A, but the second cross portion may exist depending on the winding method of the winding start wire 31. The second cross portion is not required to be avoided from the viewpoint of ensuring the performance of the motor, but is preferably avoided from the viewpoint of preventing disconnection of the winding.

  In the table of FIG. 6B, three types of cross portions are represented. In the case of the “one-slot shift rotor” shown in FIGS. 4 and 6A, FIG. Only the upper right column with the dot pattern needs to be referred to. That is, in the case of the three-groove, one-slot shift rotor 3, the intersection of the winding end line 33 of the first pole and the winding start line 31 of the third pole becomes the first cross portion, as shown in the table of FIG. Can be grasped from. Therefore, in order to avoid the first cross portion in the rotor 3 described above, the winding end wire 33 of the first pole may be U-turned as shown by the thick solid line in FIG.

  In the case of the three-groove rotor 3, in order to form the stress relaxation portion 31a and the discarded winding portion 31b on the winding start wire 31 by the simplest connection method, as shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. The slot passing portions 31c of the poles may be arranged in the slots 24 between the teeth portions 22 of the second pole and the third pole, and the slot passing portions 31c of the second pole and the third pole may be shifted one by one similarly. That is, in the case of the three-groove rotor 3, the winding start wire 31 is inserted into the slot 24 on the forward direction of the first tooth portion 22 (that is, the second pole tooth portion 22) located on the forward side of the corresponding tooth portion 22. The simplest configuration can be achieved by using a "one-slot shift rotor".

  However, the first pole slot passing portion 31c is arranged in the slot 24 between the third pole and the first pole teeth portion 22, and the second pole and third pole slot passing portions 31c are similarly shifted one by one. It is also possible. That is, the winding start wire 31 of the first pole is passed through the slot 24 on the forward direction of the second tooth portion 22 located on the forward direction side of the corresponding tooth portion 22 to form a “three-groove two-slot shift rotor”. Is also good. In this case, three columns surrounded by broken lines in the table of FIG. 6B may be referred to. That is, it is understood that, when the winding 30 is wound in the three-slot, two-slot shift rotor in the same manner as in the first embodiment, one first cross portion and two second cross portions are generated.

  Therefore, in order to avoid only the first cross portion, the winding end wire 33 of the first pole may be U-turned as in FIG. 6A. Thereby, the second cross portion which is the intersection of the winding end line 33 of the first pole and the winding start line 31 of the second pole is also avoided. In order to avoid the second cross portion, which is the intersection of the winding end line 33 of the second pole and the winding start line 31 of the third pole, the winding end line 33 of the second pole is also extended in the opposite direction to form the third pole. The terminal 12b may be locked. Similarly to the winding end wire 33 of the first pole, by extending the winding end wire 33 of the second pole in the opposite direction, it is possible to further prevent disconnection of the winding 30 and peeling of the coating.

[2-1. Extension of Second Embodiment]
FIG. 6B is a table relating to the three-groove rotor 3 described above. However, the numbers of the teeth portions 22 and the commutator pieces 12 of the rotor are not limited to three, but may be five (five-groove rotor) or six (6). Groove rotor) or the like. Here, the rotor provided with N (where N ≧ 3) teeth portions 22 and commutator pieces 12 is provided, and the winding start wire 31 is positioned at the M-th position located on the forward side of the corresponding tooth portion 22 ( However, a case is assumed where the rotor is inserted into the slot 24 on the forward side of the teeth portion 22 (M <N) (that is, “M slot shifted rotor of N groove”).

  The portion of the winding 30 of the rotor that is locked to the first pole terminal 12b has a starting point 30s, and has N winding portions 30A, 30B,... And a portion that is locked to the first pole terminal 12b. Is the end point 30e. FIG. 7 is a table showing the influence of an electric circuit at the intersection of the winding start line 31 and the winding end line 33 in the N-groove rotor. The white arrow M at the right end of the table corresponds to the number of slots 24 in which the slot passing portions 31c are arranged, shifted from the slots 24 of the corresponding teeth portions 22, and has a value less than N (M <N). ). This is because the rotor of "N = M" has the conventional configuration of FIG.

  As is clear from FIG. 7, when the winding end line 33 that has been wound earlier intersects the winding end line 33 that has been wound earlier (that is, when the pole of the winding end line 33 is smaller than the pole of the winding start line 31), The intersection is the first cross portion or the second cross portion. Specifically, the intersection where the difference obtained by subtracting the pole of the winding end line 33 from the pole of the winding start line 31 is 2 or more is the first cross portion (cross mark). The intersection where the difference obtained by subtracting 33 poles is 1 is the second cross section (circled). The intersection where the difference obtained by subtracting the pole of the winding start line 31 from the pole of the winding start line 31 is 0 or less is the third cross section (marked by a horizontal bar).

  Therefore, according to this table, the first cross portion is formed by extending the winding end wire 33 before the (N−2) th pole in the opposite direction and locking the terminal 12b of the next pole. It can be understood that the second cross portion is also avoided if the winding end wire 33 of the (N-1) th pole is extended in the opposite direction and locked to the terminal 12b of the next pole. However, the intersection to be actually avoided is determined by the number of slots 24 shifted, that is, M. For example, if the rotor is M = 1, the winding end line 33 of the first pole may be U-turned regardless of N, and if the rotor is M = 2, the winding of the first and second poles regardless of N. By making the end line 33 make a U-turn, at least the first cross portion is avoided. The N-pole winding end wire 33 may be extended in the forward direction and locked to the first-pole terminal 12b.

  For example, in the rotor 3 of “N = 3, M = 1” shown in FIG. 6A, the winding end wire 33 of the pole less than M (that is, the first pole) is extended in the opposite direction, and the next pole (second pole) is extended. , And the winding end wire 33 of the N-th pole (third pole) is extended in the forward direction and locked to the first pole terminal 12b. Thereby, as described above, the first cross portion can be avoided. Further, in the rotor of “N = 3, M = 2”, if the winding end wire 33 of the pole less than M (that is, the first pole and the second pole) is extended in the opposite direction and is locked to the terminal 12b of the next pole. As described above, the second cross portion can be avoided in addition to the first cross portion.

  The procedure of the method of connecting the winding 30 according to the second embodiment will be briefly described. In the first main process (step S10 in FIG. 5), one end of the winding 30 is locked to the first pole terminal 12b to be a starting point. This is the same as in the first embodiment. In each of the first steps (steps S13, S23, S33) shown in FIG. 5, the winding start wire 31 is moved to the M-th (where M <N) teeth portion 22 located on the forward side of the corresponding tooth portion 22. The stress relaxation portion 31a is formed by passing through one end side in the axial direction, and the stress relaxation portion 31a is inserted into the slot 24 on the forward direction of the M-th teeth portion 22. In the main process before the M-th time, the winding end wire 33 extending from the coil portion 32 to the terminal 12b of the next pole is extended in the opposite direction and locked to the terminal 12b of the next pole. In the N-th main step, the winding end wire 33 extending from the N-th coil part 32 to the first pole terminal 12b is extended in the forward direction and is locked to the first pole terminal 12b, so that the other end of the winding 30 is formed. The end may be the end point.

[2-2. Modification of Second Embodiment]
In addition to the three-groove rotor, by winding the winding 30 in accordance with the above-described rule, the first cross portion and the second cross portion can be similarly avoided. This will be described with reference to the five-groove rotor (that is, N = 5) shown in FIGS. 8A and 9A.

  In the five-groove rotor of FIG. 8A, one coil portion 32 is formed in one tooth portion 22, and the order of the first tooth portion 22 located on the forward direction side of the corresponding tooth portion 22 is different. The winding start wire 31 is inserted into the slot 24 on the direction side. That is, the five-groove rotor is a one-slot shift rotor (N = 5, M = 1) in which the core portion is formed of one tooth portion 22.

  As shown in FIG. 8B, in the rotor of “N = 5, M = 1”, the intersection between the winding end line 33 of the first pole and the winding start line 31 of the fifth pole is the first cross portion. For this reason, as shown in FIG. 8A, the winding end line 33 of the pole below M (that is, the first pole) is extended in the opposite direction as shown by the thick solid line in the figure, and the next pole (the second pole) is extended. Locks to terminal 12b. The winding end wires 33 of the other poles (the second to fifth poles) all extend in the forward direction and are locked to the terminal 12b of the next pole. That is, according to the present modification, the same effects as those of the above-described second embodiment can be obtained.

  On the other hand, the five-groove rotor shown in FIG. 9A is one in which one coil portion 32 is formed between two adjacent tooth portions 22 (two-pole winding), and is located on the forward side of the corresponding tooth portion 22. The winding start wire 31 is inserted into the slot 24 on the forward direction of the second tooth portion 22. That is, this five-groove rotor is a two-slot shift rotor (N = 5, M = 2) in which the core part is formed of two teeth portions 22. In addition, since the winding start wire 31 of the first pole passes through the slot 24 on the forward side of the tooth part 22 of the third pole with respect to the core portion (for example, the teeth portion 22 of the first pole and the second pole), “1 slot” It looks like "shift". However, in this case, since the deviation of the slot 24 is counted based on the corresponding tooth portion 22 (in this case, the tooth portion 22 of the first pole), the rotor is a “two-slot shifted rotor” as described above.

  Therefore, when the winding 30 is wound in this rotor in the same manner as in the first embodiment, as shown in FIG. 9B, the winding end wire 33 of the first pole and the winding start wire 31 of the fourth and fifth poles are formed. The intersection and the intersection between the winding end line 33 of the second pole and the winding start line 31 of the fifth pole are both the first cross portion. The rotor shown in FIG. 9A is wound by a connection method that avoids these three first cross portions. That is, as shown by a bold solid line in FIG. 9A, the winding end lines 33 of the first and second poles extend in the opposite directions and are locked to the terminals 12b of the next pole, and the winding end lines of the other poles. Reference numeral 33 extends in the forward direction and is locked to the next pole terminal 12b. According to the present modification, the same effect as that of the above-described second embodiment can be obtained.

[3. Others]
The rotor and the method of connecting the rotor according to each of the above-described embodiments and modifications are merely examples, and are not limited to the above-described configuration. For example, the winding end wire 33 may be hooked on the terminal 12b of the next pole from the same direction as the direction from the coil portion 32 to the terminal 12 of the next pole. Further, the directions of the discarded winding part 31b and the stress relieving part 31a may be opposite to each other.

  Further, in each of the above-described rotors, the one in which the forward direction (one direction) is clockwise as viewed in the axial direction is illustrated, but the rotor may be counterclockwise in one direction as viewed in the axial direction. Further, the corresponding tooth portion 22 having the same polarity as the terminal 12b may not be the tooth portion 22 closest to the terminal 12b. In each of the above-described rotors, the winding direction of the winding 30 around the teeth portion 22 is counterclockwise as viewed from the outside in the radial direction, but the winding direction around the teeth portion 22 may be clockwise. . The configuration and shape of the motor 1 are also examples, and are not limited to those described above.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Motor 2 Stator 2A Housing 2B Permanent magnet 3 Rotor, 3 groove rotor 4 End bell 5 Shaft 10 Commutator 12 Commutator piece 12b Terminal 14 Gap 20 Rotor core 22 Teeth part 24 Slot 30 Winding 30A, 30B, 30C Winding part 30s Starting point 30e End point 31 Winding start line 31a Stress relieving part 31b Discarding winding part 31c Slot passing part 32 Coil part 33 Winding end line

Claims (7)

A core that rotates together with the shaft, and has a plurality of teeth arranged side by side in the circumferential direction with the slot interposed therebetween;
A commutator having the same number of metal commutator pieces as the teeth and located with a gap in the axial direction between the core and the shaft,
While being locked to the terminal of one commutator piece, the wound terminal is wound around a core portion including a corresponding tooth portion which is the tooth portion corresponding to the locked terminal. A winding having a plurality of winding portions locked to the terminal of the next pole adjacent in one direction,
The winding portion includes a winding start line from the locked terminal to immediately before being wound around the core portion, and the terminal of the next pole from the coil portion wound around the core portion. And the winding end line toward
The winding start line is a stress relieving portion that passes through at least one axial end of the teeth portion adjacent to the one direction side of the core portion within the gap and the stress relieving portion for the coil portion. And a discarded winding part passing through the other end in the axial direction of the teeth part on the opposite side of the rotor. The winding start line is provided continuously with the stress relieving portion that has passed through the one axial end of the tooth portion adjacent to the one direction side of the corresponding tooth portion, and the one direction of the adjacent tooth portion is provided. The rotor according to claim 1, further comprising a slot passing portion inserted into the slot on the side. Each of the teeth portion and the commutator piece is provided with N pieces (where N ≧ 3),
The winding has the first pole terminal as a start point, has N winding portions, and has the first pole terminal as an end point,
The winding start line is provided continuously with the stress relieving portion that has passed through one end in the axial direction of the M-th (M <N) teeth portion located on the one direction side of the corresponding teeth portion. And a slot passing portion inserted into the slot on the one direction side of the M-th tooth portion,
The winding end line of the N-th pole extends in the one direction and is locked to the terminal of the first pole,
3. The rotor according to claim 1, wherein the winding end lines of the poles of M or less extend in a direction opposite to the one direction and are locked to the terminals of the next pole. 4. The said winding end wire is hooked with respect to the said terminal of the said next pole from the direction which goes to the said terminal of the said next pole from the said coil part, The direction characterized by the above-mentioned. A rotor according to any one of the preceding claims. A rotor according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
A stator having a permanent magnet fixed to the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical housing and rotatably supporting one end of the shaft of the rotor;
An end bell fixed to an opening of the housing and having a brush. While rotating integrally with the shaft, a plurality of teeth are arranged in parallel with each other in the circumferential direction across the slot, while rotating integrally with the shaft and positioned with a gap in the axial direction between the core and the core. A commutator having the same number of commutator pieces made of metal as the teeth, and a winding wound around a core portion including at least one of the teeth, a method for winding a rotor, comprising:
The coil is locked to the terminal of one commutator piece, and wound around the core portion including the corresponding tooth portion, which is the tooth portion corresponding to the locked terminal. After that, the main step of forming a winding portion by locking the terminal of the next pole adjacent to the one direction side of the locked terminal is performed a plurality of times,
In the main process,
A winding start line from the terminal locked before forming the coil portion to immediately before winding on the core portion is adjacent to at least the one direction side of the core portion in the gap. A first step of forming a stress relaxation portion by passing one end in the axial direction of the teeth portion,
A second step of forming the discarded winding portion by passing the winding start wire on the other axial side of the teeth portion on the coil portion side than the stress relaxation portion. , Rotor connection method. The rotor is provided with N (where N ≧ 3) the teeth portions and the N commutator pieces,
In the first main step, one end of the winding is fixed to the terminal of the first pole to be a starting point,
In the first step of each round, the winding start line is passed through the one end in the axial direction of the M-th (M <N) teeth portion located on the one direction side of the corresponding teeth portion. Forming the stress relaxation portion and inserting the stress relaxation portion into the slot on the one direction side of the M-th tooth portion;
In the main process before the M-th time, a winding end line extending from the coil portion to the terminal of the next pole extends in a direction opposite to the one direction and is locked to the terminal of the next pole,
In the N-th main process, the winding end line extending from the coil portion of the N-th pole toward the terminal of the first pole is extended in the one direction and locked to the terminal of the first pole, thereby forming the winding. 7. The method of connecting a rotor according to claim 6, wherein the other end of the rotor is an end point.

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