JP2020000233A - Concrete cultivation system - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a concrete cultivation system which is excellent in durability to typhoon or the like and load resistance to snow coverage, which can be also used as a shelter in disaster, and which can suppress running cost to low level.SOLUTION: The concrete cultivation system of the invention is a system comprising an internal space in which plants can be cultivated, and comprises: a concrete tunnel-shaped structure; warming means provided in the tunnel-shaped structure; and a cultivation rack provided in the tunnel-shaped structure. The tunnel-shaped structure can be constructed by, for example, coupling a plurality of gate-shaped concrete members. Circulation means for circulating inside air can be provided in the tunnel-shaped structure. As the warming means, a long heat generating heater can be used. In this case, the warming means can be provided below the cultivation rack.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention is used for cultivation of mushrooms such as jellyfish, shiitake, eryngii, enokitake, shimeji, nameko, maitake, mushroom, matsutake, and fruit vegetables such as udo and leafy vegetables (hereinafter collectively referred to as "plants"). The present invention relates to a cultivation system having a concrete structure that can be used (hereinafter referred to as a “concrete cultivation system”).

  Conventionally, a vinyl house is known as a cultivation system used for cultivating plants. The vinyl house has the advantage that it can control the temperature and humidity in the room and can cultivate various plants regardless of the season. On the other hand, a general vinyl house has a structure in which a vinyl film is covered on a frame formed by assembling a frame material, and may collapse due to a typhoon, heavy snow, or the like. In addition to vinyl houses, in recent years, cultivation equipment using aluminum boxes for the purpose of cultivating mushrooms (Patent Document 1), and styrofoam agricultural houses for the purpose of shortening the construction period and reducing costs (Patent Document 1) Reference 2) has also been developed.

JP 2003-180158 A International Publication No. 2007/017922

  Although the cultivation apparatus described in Patent Literature 1 is considered to have higher durability against a large wind such as a typhoon than a vinyl house, there is room for improvement in load resistance. Further, although the agricultural house described in Patent Document 2 is considered to be excellent in terms of shortening the construction period and reducing the cost, it is similar to the cultivation apparatus in Patent Document 1 in terms of durability and load resistance. Room remains.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a concrete cultivation system that is excellent in durability against heavy winds and the like and load resistance against snow and the like, can be used as a shelter in the event of a disaster, and can keep running costs low. It is in.

  The concrete cultivation system of the present invention includes a concrete tunnel-like structure, a heating unit provided in the tunnel-like structure, and a cultivation rack provided in the tunnel-like structure. is there. The concrete tunnel-like structure can be configured by connecting a plurality of portal concrete members, for example.

The concrete cultivation system of the present invention has the following effects.
(1) Since a tunnel-like structure made of concrete is used, it is superior in durability against heavy winds and the like and load resistance to snow and the like, as compared with a vinyl house, an aluminum house, a styrene foam house, and the like.
(2) The interior temperature is less likely to rise in summer and inner in winter compared to vinyl houses, aluminum houses, styrofoam houses, etc. due to the use of concrete tunnel-like structures that are difficult to transmit sunlight. (When heated, the temperature after heating) is unlikely to decrease, so that the cost for air conditioning can be reduced.
(3) Since a concrete tunnel-like structure having a long service life (the service life of a culvert is nearly 100 years) is used, it is used continuously for a longer period than a vinyl house, an aluminum house, a styrene foam house, or the like. And long-term cost reduction can be achieved.

1 is an external view of a concrete cultivation system of the present invention. (A) is XX sectional drawing of FIG. 1, (b) is YY sectional drawing of FIG. (A) is sectional drawing which shows an example of the portal-type concrete member which embedded the heat insulating material in the zenith part, (b) is sectional drawing which shows an example of the portal-type concrete member which embedded the heat insulating material in the zenith part and the side wall part. Explanatory drawing of the exothermic heater arrange | positioned under the cultivation rack, and the water storage container on the exothermic heater. 3A and 3B illustrate an example of a heating unit (a heating heater), wherein FIG. 3A is a perspective view illustrating a part of the heating heater, and FIG. 3B is an explanatory diagram of the heating heater wound around a bobbin.

(Embodiment)
An example of an embodiment of a concrete cultivation system of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. 1 is an external view of a concrete cultivation system of the present invention, FIG. 2 (a) is a cross-sectional view taken along line XX of FIG. 1, and FIG. 2 (b) is a cross-sectional view taken along line YY of FIG. In FIG. 1, 1 is a tunnel-like structure, 2 is a solar cell array, 3 is a control unit, 4 is a vent, and 5 is a door. 2A and 2B, reference numeral 6 denotes a cultivation rack, 7 denotes a heating unit, 8 denotes a water storage container, 9 denotes a circulating unit, and 10 denotes a jellyfish bed.

  The said tunnel-like structure 1 is a structure which becomes a main body of the concrete cultivation system of this invention. The tunnel-like structure 1 of this embodiment includes a plurality of (ten in this embodiment) portal-type concrete members 1a having the same shape. The plurality of portal-type concrete members 1a are arranged so that the openings of the adjacent portal-type concrete members 1a communicate with each other, and the adjacent portal-type concrete members 1a are connected to each other by the connection fitting 11. A space large enough to accommodate the cultivation rack 6 and the like is formed inside the connected gate-shaped concrete member 1a. The inside of the tunnel-like structure 1 can be divided into two or more by a curtain or a door. The number of portal concretes 1a to be connected may be more or less than ten. As in this embodiment, when the system in which the portal-type concrete 1a is connected to form the tunnel-like structure 1 is adopted, the portal-type concrete 1a can be retroactively increased and decreased, and the production amount can be increased or decreased. There is a merit that it is easy to respond to expansion and contraction of equipment.

  As the portal concrete member 1a, for example, an existing culvert (underdrain) can be used. In this embodiment, a culvert having an inner width of 3000 mm, an inner height of 2500 mm, an effective length of 1500 mm, and a concrete thickness of 230 mm is used as the portal-type concrete member 1a. Culverts of other sizes can also be used.

  As the portal concrete member 1a, a new one can be manufactured for the concrete cultivation system of the present invention. In this case, the portal-type concrete member 1a in which the heat insulating material 12 is embedded can be used. The heat insulating material 12 can be provided only on the zenith of the portal concrete 1a as shown in FIG. 3A, or can be provided on the zenith and the side wall of the portal concrete 1a as shown in FIG. 3B. The heat insulating material 12 can be provided by attaching to the outer surface or the inner surface of the portal concrete 1a. The portal-type concrete member 1a is transported to a place where it is precast in a factory by a truck or the like, and is suspended by a crane to perform the installation work. Prior to installation of the portal concrete 1a, a base B for smoothing the installation location can be made. The base B can be made of concrete or the like. In this case, the portal-type concrete member 1a does not need to be integrated with the base B.

  In this embodiment, both the front and rear openings in the depth direction of the tunnel-like structure 1, that is, the openings of the portal-type concrete members 1 a at both ends constituting the tunnel-like structure 1 can be opened and closed. A door 5 is provided. In this embodiment, a door having a two-piece structure (a so-called double door) is used as the door 5, but the door 5 may be an ordinary single door. A curtain (not shown) can be provided instead of or together with the door 5. As the door 5 and the curtain, a light-shielding material or a light-transmitting material can be used.

  The door 5 and the curtain can be provided at the end of the tunnel-like structure 1, but can also be provided about 1000 mm to 1500 mm inside from the end of the tunnel-like structure 1. In this case, a space is secured outside the door 5 and the curtain, and the space can be used as a storage space or a rain shield. In this embodiment, the door 5 is provided about 1500 mm inward from the end of the tunnel-like structure 1 to secure a space on the near side. A control unit 3 used for controlling the indoor environment (for example, temperature and humidity) of the tunnel-like structure 1 is provided on the inner surface of the side wall of the portal-type concrete member 1a constituting the space. The wall above the door 5 is provided with a ventilation hole 4 communicating with the inside and outside of the tunnel-like structure 1.

  A solar cell array 2 is provided above the tunnel-like structure 1. In this embodiment, three solar cell arrays 2 are provided at intervals in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel-like structure 1, but the number of solar cell arrays 2 may be more or less than three. Although not shown, an existing connection box, power conditioner, distribution board, storage battery, monitor, and the like are connected to the solar cell array 2, and these constitute a solar power generation device. The electric power generated by the solar cell array 2 can be used as a power supply for various devices used for cultivation, such as the heating unit 7 and the air conditioner.

  Inside the tunnel-like structure 1, a cultivation rack 6 is provided along the longitudinal direction. As shown in FIG. 2A, in this embodiment, three rows of cultivation racks 6 (left cultivation rack 6a, right cultivation rack 6b, and middle cultivation rack 6c) are provided. The cultivation rack 6 may be more or less than three rows. In this embodiment, racks each having a width of 300 mm × a height of 2400 mm × a depth of 1500 mm (for convenience of explanation, individual racks forming a row are referred to as “single racks”) are arranged in a row in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel-like structure 1. The cultivation rack 6 is provided. The single racks constituting each row may be connected.

  In this embodiment, the left cultivation rack 6a and the right cultivation rack 6b are fixed, and the middle cultivation rack 6c is movable. The cultivation racks 6 may be all fixed or all movable. The cultivation rack 6 can be movable in units of rows, or can be movable in units of single racks constituting the rows. Methods for making the cultivation rack 6 movable include a method of moving the cultivation rack 6 on a rail installed on the floor, a method of moving the cultivation rack 6 by hanging it on the ceiling, and a method of moving the cultivation rack 6 by providing a caster. When the cultivation rack 6 is made movable, it can be made manual or electric. In some cases, a switching type that can switch between manual operation and electric operation can be used.

  Each cultivation rack 6 is provided with a plurality of shelves 13 (six in this embodiment) at intervals in the up-down direction, on which the bacterial beds 10 are placed. The number of shelves 13 may be more or less than six. Each of the shelves 13 of the cultivation rack 6 can be provided with a lighting device (not shown) for irradiating the bacteria bed 10 arranged on the lower side. As the lighting device, in addition to an LED (for example, a blue LED, a white LED, a red LED, or the like), a fluorescent lamp or the like can be used. The lighting fixtures can be provided on all the shelves 13, or can be provided only on arbitrary shelves 13.

  In this embodiment, the case where the cultivation rack 6 is configured using a single rack is described as an example. However, the configuration of the cultivation rack 6 may be other than this. For example, a plurality of long single pipes may be appropriately used. It can be replaced by a simple one connected by a clamp. Depending on the cultivation target, a cultivation bed or the like for hydroponics can be used.

  As shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B and FIG. 4, a heating unit 7 is provided below the left cultivation rack 6a and the right cultivation rack 6b. In this embodiment, a heating heater (square heating heater) having a rectangular cross section as shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B is used as the heating means 7. This heating heater is a long linear heater having a length of about 40 m to 200 m, and is traded and managed while being wound on the bobbin 14 as shown in FIG. The heating heater can be used by being pulled out from the bobbin 14 and cut into a desired length, and connected to a power supply connection electrode (not shown) and a lead wire at both ends in the longitudinal direction of the cut heating heater. For the electrodes, a general-purpose metal material for electrodes is used, which can be attached to the power input side and the output side of the heating element. A commercial power supply can be used as the power supply.

  The heating heater is inserted through each of a plurality of tubular members disposed on the floor side of the tunnel-shaped structure 1, specifically, below the left cultivation rack 6a and the right cultivation rack 6b. Although not shown, an electrode and a lead wire are connected to an end of the heating heater inserted through the tubular member, so that external power can be supplied from the electrode and the lead wire. In this embodiment, a water storage container 8 is provided on a tubular member provided with a heating heater, and the water in the water storage container 8 is evaporated by the heat of the heating heater to form a tunnel-like structure. The inside of 1 can be humidified. Another humidifier can be installed in the tunnel-like structure 1 instead of or together with the water storage container 8.

  In this embodiment, a plurality of circulating means 9 for circulating room air are installed inside the tunnel-like structure 1. An existing circulator or the like can be used for the circulation means 9. The circulation means 9 is installed above the cultivation rack 6, in other words, at a position near the ceiling of the tunnel-like structure 1. By arranging in such a position, warm air rising upward in the room is circulated, so that temperature unevenness and humidity unevenness do not occur in the room.

  Although illustration is omitted, inside the tunnel-like structure 1, an air conditioner or a water sprinkling means capable of heating or cooling the room can be provided. In addition, a thermometer, a hygrometer, and the like are provided in the tunnel-like structure 1 in addition to a temperature sensor that detects the temperature in the tunnel-like structure 1, a humidity sensor that detects the humidity in the tunnel-like structure 1, and the like. You can also. In this embodiment, a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor are provided in the room, the air-conditioning equipment is controlled based on a detection signal from the sensor, and the room temperature and humidity are maintained at the predetermined temperature and the predetermined humidity. is there.

  In this embodiment, a jellyfish bed 10 is used as the bed 10. The existing jellyfish bed 10 can be used. Specifically, a block-shaped medium in which a nutrient such as rice bran is mixed with a woody base such as sawdust and stored in a plastic bag can be used. A cut is formed in the plastic bag of the bacterial bed 10 in a vertical direction so that water can be replenished from the cut. The grown jellyfish emerges from the cut. The bacterial bed 10 is not limited to the mushroom bacterial bed 10 and may be a bacterial bed of various mushrooms such as shiitake mushrooms. In this embodiment, the bacterial beds 10 are placed on each shelf 13 in two rows. The microbial beds 10 can be arranged in one line or in three or more lines.

  In the above embodiment, the case of cultivating a jellyfish using the concrete cultivation system of the present invention is described as an example. , Mushrooms, mushrooms, matsutake mushrooms, etc.), various vegetables such as udo and leafy vegetables. In particular, it can be suitably used for cultivation (production) of plants that do not require light (such as jellyfish, shiitake mushroom, and udo).

  In the above embodiment, the case where fungal bed cultivation is performed using the concrete cultivation system of the present invention is described as an example. It can also be used for cultivation by the method described above.

  In the above-described embodiment, the case where the movable gate-shaped concrete member 1a is connected to form the tunnel-like structure 1 is described as an example. However, the tunnel-like structure 1 can also be constructed by casting in place. In this case, the length (depth) of the tunnel-like structure 1 can be appropriately designed.

  The concrete cultivation system of the present invention can be used not only as a cultivation system but also as a shelter at the time of disaster.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Tunnel-like structure 1a Gate-shaped concrete member 2 Solar cell array 3 Control part 4 Vent 5 Door 6 Cultivation rack 6a Left cultivation rack 6b Right cultivation rack 6c Medium cultivation rack 7 Heating means (heating heater)
Reference Signs List 8 water storage container 9 circulation means 10 bacteria bed 11 connecting fitting 12 heat insulating material 13 shelf board 14 bobbin B base

Claims (9)

In a cultivation system with an internal space where plants can be cultivated,
A concrete tunnel-like structure,
Heating means disposed in the tunnel-like structure;
With a cultivation rack arranged in the tunnel-like structure,
A cultivation system made of concrete, characterized in that: In the concrete cultivation system according to claim 1,
A concrete tunnel-like structure was constructed by connecting a plurality of portal concrete members,
A cultivation system made of concrete, characterized in that: In the concrete cultivation system according to claim 1 or 2,
With a circulating means for circulating the air in the tunnel-like structure,
A cultivation system made of concrete, characterized in that: In the concrete cultivation system according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
The heating means is a long heating heater,
The heating heater is disposed on the floor side in the tunnel-like structure and below the cultivation rack,
A cultivation system made of concrete, characterized in that: In the concrete cultivation system according to claim 4,
Multiple heating heaters are arranged,
A water storage container for storing water is provided above the plurality of heating heaters,
By heating the water storage container by the heating heater, water in the water storage container evaporates and the inside of the tunnel-shaped structure is humidified,
A cultivation system made of concrete, characterized in that: In the concrete cultivation system according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
A door or curtain was provided on both or one of the depth direction front side and the back side of the tunnel-like structure,
A cultivation system made of concrete, characterized in that: In the concrete cultivation system according to any one of claims 1 to 6,
Equipped with a solar power generation device including a solar cell array,
At least the solar cell array was installed on the outer zenith of the tunnel-like structure,
A cultivation system made of concrete, characterized in that: In the concrete cultivation system according to any one of claims 1 to 7,
Two or more cultivation racks are provided,
The two or more cultivation racks, at least one of which is movable,
A cultivation system made of concrete, characterized in that: In the concrete cultivation system according to any one of claims 2 to 8,
Insulation is buried or affixed to the portal concrete member,
A cultivation system made of concrete, characterized in that:

Images