JP2019517422A - Method and device for operating a brake system and brake system - Google Patents

Method and device for operating a brake system and brake system Download PDF

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JP2019517422A
JP2019517422A JP2019516057A JP2019516057A JP2019517422A JP 2019517422 A JP2019517422 A JP 2019517422A JP 2019516057 A JP2019516057 A JP 2019516057A JP 2019516057 A JP2019516057 A JP 2019516057A JP 2019517422 A JP2019517422 A JP 2019517422A
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brake
brake pedal
pressure generator
limit value
operating
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JP6978496B2 (en
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ブレッサー,アンドレアス
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60TVEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T13/00Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems
    • B60T13/10Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with fluid assistance, drive, or release
    • B60T13/12Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with fluid assistance, drive, or release the fluid being liquid
    • B60T13/14Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with fluid assistance, drive, or release the fluid being liquid using accumulators or reservoirs fed by pumps
    • B60T13/142Systems with master cylinder
    • B60T13/145Master cylinder integrated or hydraulically coupled with booster
    • B60T13/146Part of the system directly actuated by booster pressure
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60TVEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T13/00Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems
    • B60T13/10Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with fluid assistance, drive, or release
    • B60T13/66Electrical control in fluid-pressure brake systems
    • B60T13/662Electrical control in fluid-pressure brake systems characterised by specified functions of the control system components
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60TVEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T13/00Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems
    • B60T13/10Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with fluid assistance, drive, or release
    • B60T13/66Electrical control in fluid-pressure brake systems
    • B60T13/68Electrical control in fluid-pressure brake systems by electrically-controlled valves
    • B60T13/686Electrical control in fluid-pressure brake systems by electrically-controlled valves in hydraulic systems or parts thereof
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60TVEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T13/00Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems
    • B60T13/74Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with electrical assistance or drive
    • B60T13/745Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with electrical assistance or drive acting on a hydraulic system, e.g. a master cylinder
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60TVEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T7/00Brake-action initiating means
    • B60T7/02Brake-action initiating means for personal initiation
    • B60T7/04Brake-action initiating means for personal initiation foot actuated
    • B60T7/042Brake-action initiating means for personal initiation foot actuated by electrical means, e.g. using travel or force sensors
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60TVEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T8/00Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force
    • B60T8/32Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration
    • B60T8/321Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration deceleration
    • B60T8/3255Systems in which the braking action is dependent on brake pedal data
    • B60T8/3275Systems with a braking assistant function, i.e. automatic full braking initiation in dependence of brake pedal velocity
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60TVEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T8/00Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force
    • B60T8/32Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration
    • B60T8/34Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration having a fluid pressure regulator responsive to a speed condition
    • B60T8/40Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration having a fluid pressure regulator responsive to a speed condition comprising an additional fluid circuit including fluid pressurising means for modifying the pressure of the braking fluid, e.g. including wheel driven pumps for detecting a speed condition, or pumps which are controlled by means independent of the braking system
    • B60T8/404Control of the pump unit
    • B60T8/4059Control of the pump unit involving the rate of delivery
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60TVEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T8/00Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force
    • B60T8/32Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration
    • B60T8/34Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration having a fluid pressure regulator responsive to a speed condition
    • B60T8/40Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration having a fluid pressure regulator responsive to a speed condition comprising an additional fluid circuit including fluid pressurising means for modifying the pressure of the braking fluid, e.g. including wheel driven pumps for detecting a speed condition, or pumps which are controlled by means independent of the braking system
    • B60T8/4072Systems in which a driver input signal is used as a control signal for the additional fluid circuit which is normally used for braking
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60TVEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T8/00Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force
    • B60T8/32Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration
    • B60T8/34Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration having a fluid pressure regulator responsive to a speed condition
    • B60T8/40Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration having a fluid pressure regulator responsive to a speed condition comprising an additional fluid circuit including fluid pressurising means for modifying the pressure of the braking fluid, e.g. including wheel driven pumps for detecting a speed condition, or pumps which are controlled by means independent of the braking system
    • B60T8/4072Systems in which a driver input signal is used as a control signal for the additional fluid circuit which is normally used for braking
    • B60T8/4081Systems with stroke simulating devices for driver input
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60TVEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T2201/00Particular use of vehicle brake systems; Special systems using also the brakes; Special software modules within the brake system controller
    • B60T2201/03Brake assistants
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60TVEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T2270/00Further aspects of brake control systems not otherwise provided for
    • B60T2270/82Brake-by-Wire, EHB
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60YINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2400/00Special features of vehicle units
    • B60Y2400/81Braking systems

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Regulating Braking Force (AREA)
  • Braking Systems And Boosters (AREA)
  • Braking Elements And Transmission Devices (AREA)
  • Valves And Accessory Devices For Braking Systems (AREA)

Abstract

【課題】本発明は、少なくとも1つの液圧操作可能な車輪ブレーキ(2)と、目標ブレーキトルクを予め設定するため、操作可能なブレーキペダル(7)を備えたブレーキペダル機構(3)と、前記目標ブレーキトルクに依存して液圧を発生させるために電気的に起動される圧力発生器(15)とを有する自動車の液圧ブレーキシステム(1)を作動させる方法であって、通常作動時に前記圧力発生器(15)の作動電流を予め設定可能な第1の制限値へ制限するようにした前記方法に関する。【解決手段】前記ブレーキペダル機構(3)を、前記ブレーキペダル(7)の操作の種類に関して監視し、前記ブレーキペダル(7)のハイダイナミック操作を検知したときに前記作動電流の制限を解消するように構成されている。【選択図】 図2The present invention relates to at least one hydraulically operable wheel brake (2) and a brake pedal mechanism (3) provided with an operable brake pedal (7) in order to set a target brake torque in advance. A method of operating a hydraulic brake system (1) of a motor vehicle having a pressure generator (15) electrically activated to generate a hydraulic pressure depending on the target brake torque, the method comprising The method relates to limiting the operating current of the pressure generator (15) to a predeterminable first limit value. SOLUTION: The brake pedal mechanism (3) is monitored with respect to the type of operation of the brake pedal (7), and the restriction of the operating current is eliminated when high dynamic operation of the brake pedal (7) is detected. Is configured as. [Selected figure] Figure 2

Description

本発明は、少なくとも1つの液圧操作可能な車輪ブレーキと、目標ブレーキトルクを予め設定するため、操作可能なブレーキペダルを備えたブレーキペダル機構と、液圧を発生させるために前記目標ブレーキトルクに依存して電気的に起動される圧力発生器とを有する自動車の液圧ブレーキシステムを作動させる方法であって、通常作動時に前記圧力発生器の作動電流を予め設定可能な第1の制限値へ制限するようにした前記方法に関するものである。   The present invention comprises at least one hydraulically operable wheel brake, a brake pedal mechanism having an operable brake pedal for presetting a target brake torque, and the target brake torque for generating a hydraulic pressure. A method of operating a hydraulic brake system of a motor vehicle having a pressure generator which is dependently electrically activated, the operating current of said pressure generator being able to be preset to a first limit value which can be preset during normal operation. It relates to the above method which is intended to be limiting.

さらに、本発明は、上述の方法を実施するための装置およびこの種の装置を備えたブレーキシステムに関する。   Furthermore, the invention relates to a device for carrying out the method described above and a brake system comprising such a device.

冒頭で取り上げた種類の方法、装置およびブレーキシステムは、技術水準からすでに知られている。従来のブレーキシステムでは、真空型ブレーキ倍力装置をブレーキペダル機構内で使用することで、ドライバーからブレーキペダルに作用するブレーキ力を増幅してブレーキシステムの液圧回路へ導入するが、最近では、真空型ブレーキ倍力装置を省略し、その代わりに電気的に起動可能な圧力発生器を使用するようにしたブレーキシステムも知られている。圧力発生器は、ブレーキペダルと機械的に連結されずに液圧を発生させる。むしろ、ブレーキペダルの操作は1つまたは複数のセンサによって検知、監視され、圧力発生器はブレーキペダル操作に依存して起動される。圧力発生器は、たとえば、ブレーキシステム内の圧力を電気液圧式に調整するために電動機が付設されているポンプである。この場合圧力発生器は、ブレーキペダルを操作することによってドライバーから要求される目標ブレーキトルクがブレーキシステムの1つまたは複数の車輪ブレーキにおいて調整されることで自動車を減速させるように、起動される。   Methods, devices and braking systems of the kind mentioned at the outset are already known from the state of the art. In the conventional brake system, the use of a vacuum type brake booster in the brake pedal mechanism amplifies the brake force acting on the brake pedal from the driver and introduces it to the hydraulic circuit of the brake system. A brake system is also known which omits the vacuum brake booster and instead uses an electrically activatable pressure generator. The pressure generator generates hydraulic pressure without being mechanically connected to the brake pedal. Rather, the actuation of the brake pedal is sensed and monitored by one or more sensors, and the pressure generator is activated in dependence on the brake pedal actuation. The pressure generator is, for example, a pump provided with a motor for electrohydraulically adjusting the pressure in the brake system. In this case, the pressure generator is activated in such a way that by operating the brake pedal the target brake torque required by the driver is adjusted at one or more wheel brakes of the brake system to decelerate the vehicle.

圧力発生器またはその電動機の過熱を阻止するため、電動機は、低回転数の場合にトルクが、よって作動電流が第1の制限値へ制限されているように、起動される。   In order to prevent overheating of the pressure generator or its motor, the motor is started in such a way that at low speeds the torque and thus the operating current is limited to the first limit value.

請求項1の構成を備えた本発明による方法には、ブレーキペダル機構がブレーキペダルの操作の種類に関して監視されるという利点と、ハイダイナミック操作を検知したときに作動電流の制限が解消されるという利点がある。本発明による方法には、ハイダイナミックブレーキ過程の際にドライバーに望ましいブレーキトルクを短時間で提供し、それにもかかわらず、圧力発生器の、特にその電動機の過熱が継続的に阻止されるという利点がある。ハイダイナミックブレーキ過程に対する制限が解消されていることにより、利用者はハイダイナミックブレーキ過程の際に短時間でブレーキトルクについて問い合わせをすることができる。ハイダイナミックブレーキ過程は長い間停止しておらず、特にその時間的短さを特徴としているので、電動機の短時間で高くなった負荷による電動機の過熱がほとんど阻止されている。   The method according to the invention with the configuration of claim 1 has the advantage that the brake pedal mechanism is monitored with regard to the type of actuation of the brake pedal and that the limitation of the actuation current is eliminated when detecting a high dynamic actuation. There is an advantage. The method according to the invention offers the advantage of providing the driver with the desired braking torque in a short time during the high-dynamic braking process and nevertheless continuously preventing overheating of the pressure generator, in particular its motor. There is. The removal of the restriction on the high dynamic braking process allows the user to inquire about the brake torque in a short time during the high dynamic braking process. The high dynamic braking process has not been stopped for a long time, and is characterized in particular by its shortness in time, so that overheating of the motor due to the high load of the motor in a short time is largely prevented.

本発明の有利な更なる構成によれば、検出したブレーキペダル操作速度が予め設定可能な第2の制限値を超えたときにハイダイナミック操作であると認識するように構成されている。このため、合目的には、ブレーキペダルの操作速度を監視し、第2の制限値と比較する。検出した速度が第2の制限値を超えていれば、前述した作動電流の制限が解消される。ブレーキペダル操作速度は、特に、ブレーキペダルに付設されている距離センサを用いて検出される。距離信号を時間に関して簡単に導出することにより、ブレーキペダルの運動速度を算出可能であり、その結果検出したブレーキ過程または検出したブレーキペダル操作がハイダイナミック操作であるか、或いは通常の操作であるかを、方法にとって短時間で決定可能である。   According to an advantageous further feature of the invention, the detected brake pedal operating speed is adapted to be recognized as a high dynamic operation when it exceeds a predeterminable second limit value. For this purpose, the operating speed of the brake pedal is monitored and compared with a second limit value. If the detected speed exceeds the second limit value, the aforementioned limitation of the operating current is eliminated. The brake pedal operating speed is detected, in particular, by means of a distance sensor attached to the brake pedal. By simply deriving the distance signal with respect to time, it is possible to calculate the movement speed of the brake pedal, so that whether the detected braking process or detected brake pedal operation is a high dynamic operation or a normal operation Can be determined in a short time by the method.

さらに、有利には、検出したブレーキペダル距離が予め設定可能な第3の制限値を超えたときにハイダイナミック操作であると認識するように構成されている。この場合、特にブレーキペダル操作速度の考慮とは関係なく、ブレーキペダル距離が第3の制限値と比較される。第3の制限値は、特に、高速度で行われるものの、わずかなブレーキトルクしか必要としないブレーキペタル操作が、ハイダイナミックブレーキペダル操作として検出されないのを阻止するように選定されている。   Furthermore, advantageously, it is configured to recognize as a high dynamic operation when the detected brake pedal distance exceeds a predeterminable third limit value. In this case, the brake pedal distance is compared with the third limit value, regardless of the particular consideration of the brake pedal operating speed. The third limit value is chosen in particular to prevent brake petaling, which takes place at high speeds but which only requires a small brake torque, from being detected as a high dynamic brake pedaling.

さらに、有利には、第1の制限値を圧力発生器の作動温度に依存して予め設定するように構成されている。これにより、圧力発生器の現時点での作動温度に依存する、圧力発生器のダイナミック起動が行われるという利点が達成される。特に、現時点での作動温度を最大許容作動温度と比較することで、温度をさらに上昇させてよいか、或いは上昇させるべきでないかが決定される。対応的に第1の制限値を変化させるため、制限温度の超過が確実に阻止されている。この場合、ハイダイナミックブレーキ過程は作動温度を短時間しか上昇させず、よって無視できる程度にしか上昇させないことを前提としている。   Furthermore, advantageously, the first limit value is configured to be preset as a function of the operating temperature of the pressure generator. This achieves the advantage that a dynamic activation of the pressure generator takes place, which is dependent on the current operating temperature of the pressure generator. In particular, by comparing the current operating temperature with the maximum allowable operating temperature, it is determined whether the temperature may or may not be increased further. In order to correspondingly change the first limit value, the exceeding of the limit temperature is reliably prevented. In this case, the high dynamic braking process presupposes that the operating temperature is increased only for a short time, and thus only to a negligible extent.

さらに、有利な更なる構成によれば、回転数が第4の制限値以下の場合にだけ第1の制限値による作動電流の制限を行うように構成されている。これにより、特に低回転数の時に、圧力発生器を駆動するためのトルクが高く、その結果圧力発生器を加熱させるような、特にその電動機を加熱させるような高い作動電流がまさにこのときに発生していることが考慮される。しかしながら、同様に高い作動電流が必要とされるような高回転数の回転数範囲で圧力発生器が作動している場合には、高回転数であるためにわずかなトルクが必要であり、その結果加熱は比較的わずかであり、この限りでは第1の制限値への制限を省略することができる。   Furthermore, according to an advantageous further configuration, the operating current is limited by the first limit value only if the rotational speed is below the fourth limit value. As a result, particularly at low speeds, the torque for driving the pressure generator is high, and as a result a high operating current, in particular the heating of the motor, which heats the pressure generator, occurs at this very moment. Is taken into account. However, if the pressure generator is operating in a high speed range of rotations where high operating currents are required as well, a small torque is required for the high speed, and The resulting heating is relatively slight, and in this respect the restriction to the first limit value can be omitted.

特に、第1の制限値を、長時間ブレーキング時の圧力発生器の許容作動温度に依存して予め設定するように構成されている。このケースでは、第1の制限値は特に固定されており、動的に予め設定されず、長時間ブレーキングの際に最大で発生してもよいような作動電流に対応しており、圧力発生器の作動温度が臨界値を超えることはない。   In particular, the first limit value is designed to be preset as a function of the permissible operating temperature of the pressure generator during prolonged braking. In this case, the first limit value is in particular fixed, not dynamically preset, and corresponds to the operating current which may occur at the maximum during braking for a long time, pressure generation Operating temperature does not exceed the critical value.

本発明の更なる有利な構成によれば、ブレーキペダル機構が、ブレーキペダル操作の検出した種類に依存して状況メッセージを発生させて、圧力発生器を起動させる制御器へ送るように構成されている。したがってブレーキペダル機構は、ハイダイナミックブレーキペダル操作が行われたか、或いは行われなかったかの情報を、この情報に依存してこのとき圧力発生器を起動させる、或いは第1の制限値による制限を解消または調整する制御器へ自ら送る。   According to a further advantageous configuration of the invention, the brake pedal mechanism is arranged to generate a status message depending on the detected type of brake pedal actuation and to send it to the controller which activates the pressure generator. There is. The brake pedal mechanism thus activates the pressure generator at this time or, depending on this information, the information on whether the high dynamic brake pedal operation has been performed or not performed, or removes the limitation by the first limit value or Send it to the controller to adjust.

請求項8の構成を備えた本発明による装置は、特定の使用時に本発明による方法を実施するために特別に構成された制御器が設けられていることを特徴としている。この場合、すでに取り上げた利点が得られる。   A device according to the invention with the features of claim 8 is characterized in that a controller is provided which is specially configured to carry out the method according to the invention in a particular use. In this case, the advantages already mentioned can be obtained.

請求項9の構成を備えた本発明によるブレーキシステムは、本発明による装置が設けられていることを特徴としている。これによって、すでに取り上げた利点が得られる。   A braking system according to the invention with the features of claim 9 is characterized in that a device according to the invention is provided. This provides the benefits already addressed.

更なる利点および有利な構成要件並びに構成要件の組み合わせは、特に前述の構成および請求の範囲から明らかである。   Further advantages and advantageous features and combinations of features are evident, in particular from the features and claims described above.

自動車の液圧ブレーキシステムの概略図である。FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a hydraulic brake system of a motor vehicle. ブレーキシステムを作動させるための有利な方法を説明するフローチャートである。Fig. 5 is a flow chart describing an advantageous method for operating the braking system.

次に、本発明を図面を用いて詳細に検討する。   The invention will now be examined in detail using the drawings.

図1は、ここでは詳細に図示していない自動車のためのブレーキシステム1の簡略図である。ブレーキシステム1は複数の車輪ブレーキ2を有し、これらの車輪ブレーキは、自動車のドライバーによって作動ブレーキとしてのブレーキペダル機構3により操作可能である。車輪ブレーキ2はLR,RF,LF,RRによって表されており、これによってそれらの位置または自動車での割り当てが明確にされ、ここでLRは左後方、RFは右前方、LFは左前方、RRは右後方である。ブレーキペダル機構3と車輪ブレーキ2との間には2つのブレーキ回路4と5が形成され、この場合ブレーキ回路4は車輪ブレーキLFとRRに付設され、ブレーキ回路5は車輪ブレーキLRとRFとに付設されている。両ブレーキ回路4と5は同一に構成され、その結果以下では両ブレーキ回路4,5の構成をブレーキ回路4を用いて詳細に説明することにする。   FIG. 1 is a simplified view of a brake system 1 for a motor vehicle, not shown in detail here. The brake system 1 comprises a plurality of wheel brakes 2 which can be operated by the driver of the vehicle by means of a brake pedal mechanism 3 as actuating brakes. The wheel brakes 2 are represented by LR, RF, LF, RR, which clarify their position or assignment in the car, where LR is left rear, RF is right front, LF is left front, RR Is the right rear. Two brake circuits 4 and 5 are formed between the brake pedal mechanism 3 and the wheel brake 2, in which case the brake circuit 4 is attached to the wheel brakes LF and RR, and the brake circuit 5 is connected to the wheel brakes LR and RF. It is attached. The two brake circuits 4 and 5 have the same construction, so that the construction of the two brake circuits 4 and 5 will be described in detail below using the brake circuit 4.

ブレーキ回路4は、まず、ブレーキペダル機構3のブレーキマスタシリンダ6と結合され、この場合ブレーキマスタシリンダ6は、本実施形態ではダブルピストンシリンダまたはタンデムシリンダとして形成され、ブレーキペダル機構3は、さらに、ドライバーによって操作可能なブレーキペダル7を有している。ブレーキ回路4は、ブレーキマスタシリンダ6に続く切換弁8を有している。切換弁8は無電流で開弁するように構成され、ブレーキ回路の液圧媒体、すなわちブレーキ液の両方向への流動を可能にさせる。切換弁8は、さらに、無電流で両方向に開弁されるように構成されたそれぞれ1つの吸込弁10の中間接続のもとに、両車輪ブレーキ2と結合されている。ブレーキ回路4の車輪ブレーキ2には、さらにそれぞれ1つの排出弁11が付設され、排出弁は無電流で閉弁されるように構成されている。排出弁11は、排出側で、ブレーキマスタシリンダ6に液圧媒体を供給する液圧タンク9と結合されている。排出側では、排出弁11はさらにポンプ13の吸込側と結合され、ポンプは、吐出側にして切換弁8と吸込弁10との間でブレーキ回路4と結合されている。ポンプ13は、本実施形態ではピストンポンプとして形成され、機械的に電動機14と連結され、この場合ポンプ13と電動機14とは協働してブレーキシステム1の圧力発生器15を形成している。電動機14が両ブレーキ回路3,4,5のポンプ13に付設されているように構成されている。これとは択一的に、各ブレーキ回路4,5が固有の電動機14を有するように構成されていてもよい。ブレーキマスタシリンダ6にはさらに液圧式ペダル感覚シミュレータ12が付設されている。   The brake circuit 4 is first connected to the brake master cylinder 6 of the brake pedal mechanism 3, in which case the brake master cylinder 6 is in this embodiment formed as a double piston cylinder or a tandem cylinder, and the brake pedal mechanism 3 further It has a brake pedal 7 operable by a driver. The brake circuit 4 has a switching valve 8 following the brake master cylinder 6. The switching valve 8 is configured to open with no current, and allows the hydraulic fluid of the brake circuit to flow in both directions, that is, the brake fluid. The switching valve 8 is furthermore connected to the two wheel brakes 2 under an intermediate connection of a respective suction valve 10 which is designed to be opened in both directions without current. Each of the wheel brakes 2 of the brake circuit 4 is additionally provided with one discharge valve 11, and the discharge valve is configured to be closed with no current. The discharge valve 11 is connected on the discharge side to a hydraulic pressure tank 9 for supplying a hydraulic pressure medium to the brake master cylinder 6. On the discharge side, the discharge valve 11 is further connected to the suction side of the pump 13, which is connected to the brake circuit 4 between the switching valve 8 and the suction valve 10 on the discharge side. The pump 13 is formed as a piston pump in this embodiment and mechanically connected to the motor 14, in which case the pump 13 and the motor 14 cooperate to form the pressure generator 15 of the brake system 1. The motor 14 is configured to be attached to the pump 13 of both brake circuits 3, 4 and 5. Alternatively, each brake circuit 4, 5 may be configured to have its own motor 14. A hydraulic pedal feeling simulator 12 is additionally attached to the brake master cylinder 6.

ブレーキ回路4,5の両切換え弁8が閉じると、液圧は、ブレーキ回路4,5の、その後方にある部分内にとどまり、すなわちこれら切換弁と車輪ブレーキ2との間に閉じ込められ、または維持され、ブレーキペダル7がドライバーによって負荷軽減される場合でもそうである。ブレーキ力を増幅させるために圧力発生器15が起動され、その結果ブレーキペダル7の操作に加えて圧力発生器15によって液圧はブレーキシステム1内で自動的に高くなり、その結果ドライバーはわずかなパワーコストで高いブレーキトルクを発生させることができる。   When the two switching valves 8 of the braking circuit 4, 5 are closed, the hydraulic pressure remains in the part of the braking circuit 4, 5 behind it, ie confined between these switching valves and the wheel brake 2, or This is true even if the brake pedal 7 is maintained and relieved by the driver. In order to amplify the braking force, the pressure generator 15 is activated so that, in addition to the actuation of the brake pedal 7, the hydraulic pressure is automatically increased in the brake system 1 by means of the pressure generator 15, so that the driver is slightly It is possible to generate high brake torque at power cost.

図2は、ブレーキシステムを作動させる有利な方法を説明するための簡略なフローチャートである。ブレーキ装置3のブレーキペダル7の操作に伴い、第1のステップS1でこの方法をスタートさせる。これに続く確認ステップS2で、ブレーキペダル操作がハイダイナミックブレーキペダル操作であるかどうかをチェックする。このため、ブレーキペダル7の操作速度および操作距離を検知し、それぞれ制限値と比較させる。検知したブレーキペダル距離が関係づけられた制限値を超えていて、且つ操作速度が対応する制限値よりも高ければ、ハイダイナミックブレーキ操作が行われたと認識する(j)。しかし、操作速度が制限値よりも小さく、および/または、ブレーキペダルが付属の制限値によって許容されるペダル距離を超えて動かされなければ、ハイダイナミックブレーキペダル操作はないと認識し(n)、ステップS3が指示される。このステップでは、圧力発生器15に対する作動電流を前記第1の許容制限値に制限する。   FIG. 2 is a simplified flow chart to illustrate an advantageous method of operating the brake system. In accordance with the operation of the brake pedal 7 of the brake device 3, this method is started in a first step S1. In a subsequent confirmation step S2, it is checked whether the brake pedal operation is a high dynamic brake pedal operation. For this reason, the operation speed and the operation distance of the brake pedal 7 are detected and compared with the limit value. If the detected brake pedal distance exceeds the associated limit value and the operating speed is higher than the corresponding limit value, it is recognized that a high dynamic braking operation has been performed (j). However, if the operating speed is less than the limit value and / or the brake pedal is not moved beyond the pedal distance allowed by the attached limit value, it is recognized that the high dynamic brake pedal operation is not (n), Step S3 is instructed. In this step, the operating current to the pressure generator 15 is limited to the first allowable limit value.

圧力発生器15または該圧力発生器15の電動機の過熱を阻止するため、通常作動時には圧力発生器の作動電流が第1の制限値によって制限されるように構成されている。これを図2に示した方法を用いてより詳細に説明する。   In order to prevent overheating of the pressure generator 15 or the motor of the pressure generator 15, the operating current of the pressure generator is designed to be limited by the first limit value during normal operation. This will be explained in more detail using the method shown in FIG.

このように制限される作動電流により、その後ステップS4で圧力発生器15を起動させて液圧を生成する。しかしながら、ステップS2でブレーキペダル操作がハイダイナミックブレーキペダル操作であると認識されると(j)、ステップS2からステップS4へ進み、その結果作動電流の制限は行われず、或いは解消される。これにより、ハイダイナミックブレーキ過程の際には、圧力発生器15に増大させた作動電流が供給され、その結果圧力発生器は低回転数時でも高い回転トルクを提供し、その結果ブレーキシステム1内には短時間で液圧が生成される。ハイダイナミックブレーキ過程に対してのみ制限が解消されることにより、通常作動時では、作動温度が超過しないよう保証されている。ハイダイナミックブレーキ過程では、熱負荷は作動電流の大きさと継続時間とに依存している。ハイダイナミックブレーキングの場合、特にまだ低回転数が存在している限りは作動電流は短時間しか高い状態にならないので、この短時間の間の作動温度の障害は無視できる。対応的に、第1の制限値を超えるような作動電流の増大が前述の方法によって有利に可能になる。これにより、ハイダイナミックブレーキ過程の際の電動機14のトルクは通常のブレーキ過程の場合と同じように高くなり、その際の正確な大きさまたはトルク上昇率は、電動機のディメンションと実行された電流制限とに依存している。   With the operating current thus limited, the pressure generator 15 is then activated in step S4 to generate hydraulic pressure. However, if it is recognized in step S2 that the brake pedal operation is the high dynamic brake pedal operation (j), the process proceeds from step S2 to step S4, and as a result, the actuation current is not restricted or eliminated. Thereby, during the high dynamic braking process, the increased operating current is supplied to the pressure generator 15, so that the pressure generator provides high rotational torque even at low speeds, as a result of which the braking system 1 is The hydraulic pressure is generated in a short time. By removing the limitation only for the high dynamic braking process, it is ensured that the operating temperature is not exceeded during normal operation. In a high dynamic braking process, the thermal load is dependent on the magnitude and duration of the operating current. In the case of high dynamic braking, the operating temperature disturbance can only be neglected during this short time, since the operating current is only high for a short time, especially as long as a low speed is still present. Correspondingly, an increase of the operating current to exceed the first limit value is advantageously enabled by the method described above. As a result, the torque of the motor 14 during the high dynamic braking process is as high as in the normal braking process, the exact magnitude or rate of increase in torque being determined by the dimensions of the motor and the current limit implemented. And rely on.

図3はそれを例示したものであり、すなわち圧力発生器15の電動機14のトルク特性曲線を、通常作動時(K1)とハイダイナミックブレーキ過程時(K2)とでトルクMと回転数nとの関係としてグラフで例示したものである。これからわかるように、ハイダイナミックブレーキ過程では、低回転数時よりも高いトルクが可能であり、他方回転数が2000回転以上の比較的高い場合には、特性曲線K1とK2は互いに重なっている。 FIG. 3 exemplifies that, that is, the torque characteristic curve of the motor 14 of the pressure generator 15 is represented by the torque M d and the rotational speed n at the time of normal operation (K1) and at the time of high dynamic braking process (K2) Is illustrated in the graph as the relationship of As can be seen, in the high dynamic braking process, higher torques are possible than at low rotational speeds, while the characteristic curves K1 and K2 overlap one another when the rotational speeds are relatively high, 2000 or more.

1 ブレーキシステム
2 車輪ブレーキ
3 ブレーキペダル機構
7 ブレーキペダル
15 圧力発生器
1 brake system 2 wheel brake 3 brake pedal mechanism 7 brake pedal 15 pressure generator

Claims (9)

少なくとも1つの液圧操作可能な車輪ブレーキ(2)と、目標ブレーキトルクを予め設定するため、操作可能なブレーキペダル(7)を備えたブレーキペダル機構(3)と、前記目標ブレーキトルクに依存して液圧を発生させるために電気的に起動される圧力発生器(15)とを有する自動車の液圧ブレーキシステム(1)を作動させる方法であって、通常作動時に前記圧力発生器(15)の作動電流を予め設定可能な第1の制限値へ制限するようにした前記方法において、前記ブレーキペダル機構(3)を、前記ブレーキペダル(7)の操作の種類に関して監視すること、前記ブレーキペダル(7)のハイダイナミック操作を検知したときに前記作動電流の制限を解消することを特徴とする方法。   Dependent on a brake pedal mechanism (3) provided with at least one hydraulically operable wheel brake (2) and an operable brake pedal (7) in order to preset the target brake torque, and the target brake torque Method of operating a hydraulic brake system (1) of a motor vehicle having a pressure generator (15) electrically activated to generate hydraulic pressure, said pressure generator (15) in normal operation Monitoring the brake pedal mechanism (3) with respect to the type of operation of the brake pedal (7), in the method according to which the operating current of the motor is limited to a predeterminable first limit value, the brake pedal (7) A method characterized in that the limitation of the operating current is eliminated when a high dynamic operation is detected. 検出したブレーキペダル操作速度が予め設定可能な第2の制限値を超えたときにハイダイナミック操作であると認識することを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の方法。   The method according to claim 1, characterized in that it is recognized as a high dynamic operation when the detected brake pedal operating speed exceeds a preset second limit value. 検出したブレーキペダル距離が予め設定可能な第3の制限値を超えたときにハイダイナミック操作であると認識することを特徴とする、請求項1または2に記載の方法。   3. A method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that it is recognized as a high dynamic operation when the detected brake pedal distance exceeds a predeterminable third limit value. 前記第1の制限値を前記圧力発生器の作動温度に依存して予め設定することを特徴とする、請求項1から3までのいずれか一つに記載の方法。   4. A method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first limit value is preset as a function of the operating temperature of the pressure generator. 回転数が第4の制限値以下の場合にだけ前記第1の制限値による制限を行うことを特徴とする、請求項1から4までのいずれか一つに記載の方法。   5. A method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first limit value is limited only if the number of revolutions is less than a fourth limit value. 前記第1の制限値を、長時間ブレーキング時の前記圧力発生器(15)の許容作動温度に依存して予め設定することを特徴とする、請求項1から5までのいずれか一つに記載の方法。   A method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first limit value is preset as a function of the permissible operating temperature of the pressure generator (15) during prolonged braking. Method described. 前記ブレーキペダル機構(3)が、ブレーキペダル操作の検出した種類に依存して状況メッセージを発生させて、前記圧力発生器(15)を起動させる制御器へ送ることを特徴とする、請求項1から6までのいずれか一つに記載の方法。   The brake pedal mechanism (3) generates a status message depending on the detected type of brake pedal operation and sends it to a controller that activates the pressure generator (15). The method according to any one of to 6. 自動車のブレーキシステム(1)を作動させる装置であって、前記ブレーキシステム(1)が、少なくとも1つの車輪ブレーキ(2)と、目標ブレーキトルクを予め設定するため、操作可能なブレーキペダル(7)を備えたブレーキペダル機構(3)と、前記車輪ブレーキ(2)を液圧操作するための少なくとも1つの圧力発生器(15)とを有し、該圧力発生器(15)が、前記ブレーキペダル(7)の操作に依存して起動されるようにした前記装置において、特定の使用時に請求項1から7までのいずれか一つまたはいくつかに記載の方法を実施するために特別に構成された制御器が設けられていることを特徴とする装置。   A device for operating a brake system (1) of a motor vehicle, said brake system (1) being operable to preset at least one wheel brake (2) and a target brake torque A brake pedal mechanism (3) having at least one pressure generator (15) for hydraulically operating the wheel brake (2), the pressure generator (15) comprising the brake pedal A device specially adapted to perform the method according to any one or more of claims 1 to 7 in a particular use, in said device adapted to be activated depending on the operation of (7) A device characterized in that a controller is provided. 少なくとも1つの車輪ブレーキ(2)と、ブレーキペダル機構(3)と、前記車輪ブレーキ(2)を液圧操作するための少なくとも1つの圧力発生器(15)とを備え、該圧力発生器(15)が、ブレーキペダル(7)の操作に依存して起動されるようにした自動車用ブレーキシステム(1)において、請求項8に記載の装置が設けられていることを特徴とするブレーキシステム。   The pressure generator (15) comprises at least one wheel brake (2), a brake pedal mechanism (3) and at least one pressure generator (15) for hydraulically operating the wheel brake (2). A braking system according to claim 8, characterized in that the vehicle brake system (1) is adapted to be activated depending on the operation of the brake pedal (7).
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