JP2019511828A - Integrated air guide and beam shaping - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a lighting unit 1000 comprising a light mixing chamber 100 defined by a face 110 and an end face 130, wherein the height H of the light mixing chamber 100 defined by the distance between the faces 110 is Less than the first length L 1 of the light mixing chamber 100, the lighting unit comprises a plurality of light sources 10 configured to supply light source light 11 into the light mixing chamber 100, of their faces 110 At least one includes a plurality of chamber openings 141 for at least a portion of the source light 11 to escape from the light mixing chamber 100, the lighting unit 1000 further comprising a plurality of beam shaping elements 150, each beam A shaping element 150 is arranged downstream from the corresponding chamber opening 141, the beam shaping elements 150 being reflectors Including 00, to provide a lighting unit 1000.

Description

  The invention relates to a lighting unit comprising a light mixing chamber.

  Thin light fixtures are known in the art. PCT International Application No. 2014/164792 describes, for example, a mixing chamber having an array of openings in one wall, a light source for supplying light into the mixing chamber and a respective one of the openings cooperating A luminaire is now described, including an array of optics outside the mixing chamber that emits light as a beam from the mixing chamber. The shape, size and / or orientation of the output light beam is controllably altered by controlling the shape, size and / or position of each aperture relative to its associated optical system.

  Thin downlights are becoming increasingly dominant in the market as they are easy to install and integrate in the overall architectural design. The key to such a design may be the height minimized with respect to the diameter. The products can be provided with a large light emitting surface. In particular, such products can have Lambertian light distribution, and thus have a relatively high luminance intensity at higher viewing angles. With such thin downlights, it is extremely difficult to generate light emission of the desired quality level.

  Beam shaping of the light may be performed, for example, by using a TIR (Total Internal Reflection) element that changes the direction of the light. The size of this optical system is directly related to the size of the light source. Therefore, if the entire light emitting surface of the thin downlight is regarded as one light source, the optical system element is at a very high position relative to the light source, so the height required for the lighting unit is excessive (Or the diameter or width will be smaller than desired). The solution can be found in having a plurality of small light sources that have separate optics in front and that work together as a whole. Because the light source is made much smaller, its optics elements can also be made much smaller. In that case, the problem is how to create a small light source, and also how to align the light source to all the optical systems, including, for example, the thermal expansion effect. For example, a large number of individual LEDs can be used, which may result in high risk of LED failure, difficult electrical system to balance current, high cost for all LEDs, etc. There is.

  Therefore, one aspect of the present invention preferably is an alternative lighting unit that at least partially partially eliminates one or more of the above mentioned disadvantages or that corresponds to one of the above mentioned challenges. In particular, it is to provide an alternative lighting unit which can be relatively thin and / or relatively easy to manufacture.

  In one embodiment, the invention comprises an illumination comprising a mixing box (or light mixing chamber) (including an opening) in which a ring of LEDs (configured to supply source light) is fabricated Suggest to create a unit. The periphery of the mixing box (light mixing chamber) may be made of an LED substrate, and the top and bottom sides may be closed by a highly reflective diffusing layer. One of the (top and bottom) sides is provided with a plurality of small (chamber) openings, arranged, for example, in an incomplete regular pattern. Through these (chamber) openings, light (light source) can exit the mixing box (light mixing chamber). These openings may be understood as secondary (light) sources. Beam shaping optics and secondary (light) sources may be fabricated in the same component to provide good alignment of the secondary (light) sources and the beam shaping optics. Thus, in one aspect, the invention is a lighting unit ("unit") comprising a light mixing chamber ("mixing chamber" or "chamber" or "mixing box") defined by faces and end faces, In particular, the height (H) of the light mixing chamber defined by the distance between the faces is smaller than the first length (L1) of the light mixing chamber, the lighting unit comprising At least ten of the plurality of light sources configured to supply light to the light source, at least one of the faces of which emits light (in particular at least part of the light source light) from the light mixing chamber A plurality of chamber openings ("openings"), the chamber openings having a length corresponding to the thickness of the surface including the chamber openings, and And / or have a diameter, the lighting unit further comprising a plurality of beam shaping elements, each beam shaping element being configured downstream from the corresponding chamber opening, which in particular the reflectors And at least ten of the plurality of light sources are configured to be evenly distributed at the end face and configured to supply source light having an optical axis perpendicular to the height, and the beam shaping element is Provided is a lighting unit configured in a random pattern.

  Such a lighting unit may allow for a low height of the lighting unit, for example with respect to the length, width or diameter of the lighting unit. Furthermore, such a lighting unit can be, in particular, a thin or shallow lighting unit. This lighting unit can be manufactured relatively easily, and the alignment (of the opening with the corresponding beam shaping element) may be easier or even unnecessary. Furthermore, such lighting units can enable effective passive and / or active cooling that is beneficial with respect to the lifetime of the unit. Such lighting units may enable lighting of a closed or open space, such as a room, office, store, show window, etc. In embodiments (see also below), such lighting units may be integrated in the ceiling or wall. In another embodiment, such a lighting unit may be arranged in a (motorized) vehicle, in particular to enable lighting of the street or the interior of the vehicle.

  This lighting unit comprises a "light mixing chamber", also referred to herein as a "(light) mixing box". In this light mixing chamber, in particular, source light provided by a plurality of light sources is mixed. At least a portion of the source light provided by the light source may be reflected in the light mixing chamber, for example at the locations of their faces and / or end faces (see also below), from another light source It can also be mixed with source light (or from the same source light). Therefore, the light mixing chamber can mix source light of light sources having substantially the same spectral distribution or different spectral distribution.

  The light exiting the lighting unit, which is also the light shown as "lighting unit light" or "beam shaped light" may consist essentially of source light. However, in embodiments, the lighting unit light may also include converted source light. For example, the lighting unit may comprise a light emitting material that can be excited by source light. This luminescent material light (or converter light) may be included by the lighting unit light, optionally in combination with the remaining (some) source light. Therefore, the plurality of light sources are configured to generate lighting unit light, which lighting unit light is directly (i.e. essentially the light source light) and / or indirectly (at least one of the light source lights). Parts are generated by conversion to luminescent material light). For example, the light emitting material may be contained by the wall, or may be coated on a surface, or may be embedded in the waveguide. For the sake of simplicity, generally only source light is mentioned herein. However, in addition to or even at least partially at the source light, luminescent material light (i.e. light converted light) can also escape from this lighting unit, in particular from the light mixing chamber Please note that. Thus, in general, the plurality of light sources directs the lighting unit light (directly (the lighting unit light essentially consists of the light source light) and / or indirectly (the lighting unit light comprises at least the light emitting material light)) It is configured to generate.

The lighting unit may be designed in any kind of manner. In embodiments, the beam of light may be provided at a cut-off angle of 65 ° or less, at an angle greater than this cut-off angle, the brightness is at 1000 Cd / m ² or less, such as 800 Cd / m ² or less is there. Also, a cut-off angle smaller than 65 °, or optionally larger than 65 ° may be selected depending on the application. In this lighting unit, it is possible to define a cutoff angle and / or a beam shape.

  The light mixing chamber contains in particular air. As used herein, the term "air guide" may also be used in connection with a "light mixing chamber" with respect to embodiments that include air. Thus, in embodiments, the volume defined by the light mixing chamber is essentially filled with air. In particular, light source light supplied by the light source can be guided from the light source to the chamber opening directly and after (internal) reflection by the air guide. Air guides are known in the art.

  The light mixing chamber is defined by faces and end faces. The faces and end faces may have different types of shapes. For example, the surface may have a rectangular shape, a circular shape, an elongated shape, a curved shape, a contoured shape, a square shape, and the like. The faces may also have a plurality of shapes and / or different faces may have different shapes. Likewise, the end faces may have different types of shapes, as described above in connection with the faces. In particular, the end face is arranged between (part of) the edge of the first face and (part of) the edge of the second face, in particular defining a (light mixing) chamber. In embodiments, the light mixing chamber may have a "free" shape. The light mixing chamber comprises at least two sides and one end face. In embodiments, the end faces may include a plurality of end faces, such as two end faces, three end faces (eg, with respect to a chamber having a triangular cross section), four end faces (eg, with respect to a chamber having a square or rectangular cross section). In an embodiment, the light mixing chamber comprises exactly two faces and one end face (for example with respect to a chamber having a circular or oval cross section). In another embodiment, the light mixing box comprises more than two end faces.

  At least ten light sources are arranged at the end faces, in particular the light sources arranged at their end faces to supply the light sources in a direction into the light mixing chamber facing away from the end face It is configured. Therefore, the plurality of light sources are configured at the end face and configured to supply source light having an optical axis transverse or perpendicular to the height. This feature contributes to the desired light quality as the risk of glare is reduced by thus preventing the possibility that the (LED) light source will be directly viewed by the user / observer. The number of at least 10 light sources evenly distributed around the end face further improves the light quality by contributing to the more uniform light output of the lighting unit. In embodiments, the faces are arranged substantially parallel (including parallel curved faces). The faces may in particular be faces of wall elements or panels surrounding the light mixing chamber. Therefore, such a chamber opening in the plane containing the chamber opening may have a length corresponding to the thickness of such a wall element comprising such a surface. Thus, such a wall element comprises a through hole and on one side is provided with a chamber opening on the inner side. The shape and / or the equivalent diameter, in particular at least the equivalent diameter, varies with its length. In particular, if the equivalent diameter changes with the length of the through hole, the equivalent diameter may increase as the distance from the chamber opening in the plane increases. By changing the shape and / or the equivalent diameter of the chamber opening, the beam characteristics of the emitted source light can be adjusted, thereby contributing to the quality of the light.

  The beam shaping elements are configured in a pseudo-random pattern. In particular, the beam-shaping element may be configured with a phyllotaxis pattern, more particularly with a phylogenetic spiral pattern. The chamber openings, and hence the beam shaping elements, may also be configured in different types of patterns. Also, a combination of patterns may be used. For example, the configuration may be cubic or hexagonal. In particular, it can be seen that such high symmetry patterns are perceived as less desirable. Regular patterns carry the risk of being imaged onto the illumination area, which is experienced as less desirable. Pseudo-random (or perfectly random) patterns reduce the risk of imaging, which improves the quality of the experienced light.

  In a further embodiment, the two faces have a circular shape and the end faces have a cylindrical shape. In particular, the faces are arranged parallel to one another, the end faces being located between the edges of the faces. In such embodiments, the light mixing chamber may have a disk-like shape. In particular, in such a disk-shaped light mixing chamber, the distance between the faces may be substantially the same across the light mixing chamber, and the height of the light mixing chamber is It can be equal to the distance between them. Similarly, the first length of the disk-shaped light mixing chamber is the maximum distance of the line connecting the first location at the edge of the surface and the second location at the edge of the surface. It can equally be, in particular, equal to the diameter of their faces.

  In another embodiment, the two planes (especially arranged parallel to one another) comprise an elliptical shape having a major axis (or lateral diameter) and a minor axis (or conjugated diameter), the light mixing chamber thereof The first length of (in particular, the faces connecting the center of the first face and the center of the second face are perpendicular to the major and minor axes, If it is, it may be equal to the length of the long axis.

  In yet another embodiment, the first surface is curved and the second surface is a flat surface. In particular, in such an embodiment, the (shortest) distance (height) between the first location in the first plane and the second location in the second plane depends on the location of those locations Can change.

  In particular, the light mixing chamber has a (flat) disk-like or (flat) plate-like shape.

  Therefore, the first length of the light mixing chamber may be defined by, among other things, a characteristic distance, such as width, length or diameter. Thus, the term "first length" can refer to one or more of length, width, diameter, lateral diameter, conjugate diameter, and the like. In embodiments where the length, width, lateral diameter, or conjugated diameter is selected as the first length, the second length is selected from width, length, conjugated diameter, or lateral diameter, respectively. It may be done. In yet another embodiment (especially where the surface is configured such that the line connecting the center of the first surface and the center of the second surface is perpendicular to the major and minor axes) A diagonal is selected as the first length.

  In embodiments with poorly symmetrical or non-symmetrical shapes, the characteristic distances may be selected in different ways. For example, the characteristic distance of a C-shaped embodiment may be the distance between the two tips of the C-shape, measured along the inner surface of one of the (end) faces.

  Thus, in embodiments, the light chamber may have a disc-like or beam-like shape, or a plate-like shape, and the like. In particular, one or more of the faces, more particularly both sides, are substantially flat. In particular, the edge may be curved and / or consist of two or more square or rectangular elements.

  In particular, the height of the light mixing chamber is smaller than the first length of the light mixing chamber. In an embodiment, the ratio of the first length of the light mixing chamber to the height of the light mixing chamber is 200: 1 to 2: 1, such as 150: 1 to 5: 1, in particular 100: 1 to 10: 1. In particular, it is selected from the range of 200: 1 to 1: 1. In particular, this aspect ratio can be greater than one. In a further embodiment, the first length is selected from the range of 20 mm to 2000 mm, such as 50 mm to 1000 mm, in particular 50 mm to 500 mm. In still further embodiments, the height of the light mixing chamber is in the range of 5 mm to 25 mm, such as 2 mm to 50 mm, especially 5 mm to 40 mm, more particularly 5 mm to 20 mm, especially 5 mm to 10 mm. In more specific embodiments that are selected, the height of the light mixing box is selected from the range of 15-20 mm. In particular, this lighting unit has a first length (L1) with respect to height (H) of 1 ≦ L1 / H ≦ 100, in particular 2 ≦ L1 / H ≦ 100, more in particular 5 ≦ L1 / H ≦ 100. Have a ratio (the latter two series of embodiments have an aspect ratio greater than 1).

  As mentioned above, the height of the light mixing chamber may vary over the first length, and / or the (first) length may vary over the height of the light mixing chamber . The above mentioned ratio may in particular mention the maximum height and length. Furthermore, the dimensions mentioned above refer to the distance between the faces, and in particular to the dimensions of the cavities or chambers defined by the faces and the end faces. However, in embodiments, the dimensions of the lighting unit may also be selected from the above values and / or ratios, in particular from such ratios. Thus, in an embodiment, this lighting unit has an external length relative to the external height (Hex) of 1 ≦ Lex / Hex ≦ 100, in particular 2 ≦ Lex / Hex ≦ 100, more in particular 5 ≦ Lex / Hex ≦ 100. It has a ratio of (Lex).

  The plurality of light sources provide (primary) source light.

  In certain embodiments, the light sources include solid state LED light sources (such as LEDs or laser diodes). The plurality of light sources may in particular include a plurality of LED light sources. In embodiments, the plurality of (LED) light sources comprises one type of (LED) light source. In other embodiments, the plurality of (LED) light sources includes at least two types of (LED) light sources configured to provide source light having different spectral distributions, such as LEDs from different bins. For example, blue and yellow LEDs, or blue and green LEDs and red LEDs may be provided. Such combination may be configured to be capable of providing white light. In particular, the different LED colors may be mixed in the light mixing chamber. Thus, the plurality of light sources are configured such that each light source provides substantially the same light (same spectral distribution), or such that each subset provides substantially the same light (same spectral distribution) Or a subset of two or more light sources, wherein two or more subsets are configured to provide light having different spectral distributions. In embodiments, the one or more light sources are configured to provide white light. In still other embodiments, one or more subsets are configured to provide white light and one or more other subsets are configured to provide colored light. In still further embodiments, the two or more subsets are configured to provide white light having different spectral distributions, such as having different correlated color temperatures. In such a manner, in embodiments, the lighting unit light, i.e. the spectral distribution of the light supplied by the lighting unit, may also be adjustable. Thus, in yet further embodiments, the lighting unit may comprise a control system configured to control one or more of the intensity of the light source and the color of the light source. In still further embodiments, the control system may be configured to control one or more of the intensity of the lighting unit light, the spectral distribution of the lighting unit light, and the beam shape of the lighting unit light.

  In an embodiment, at least a portion of the total number of light sources is configured outside of the light mixing chamber and configured to supply light source light into the light mixing chamber. Source light may be coupled into the light mixing chamber, for example via a surface (including the end face), in particular a (light) transparent surface. Therefore, wall elements (including such faces) transparent to the source light may be applied.

  Additionally or alternatively, at least a portion of the total number of light sources is configured inside the light mixing chamber, and the light source light is provided directly into the light mixing chamber. In particular, the plurality of light sources are configured inside the light mixing chamber. Additionally or alternatively, at least a portion of the total number of light sources is at least partially comprised by a wall element having such a face (including the end face) and the light source in the light mixing chamber It is configured to provide light.

  In a further embodiment, the plurality of light sources comprises a light emitting surface, such as an LED die. Thus, in embodiments, the plurality of light sources comprises light emitting surfaces, which are configured inside the light mixing chamber.

  In an embodiment, at least a portion of the total number of light sources is configured in (at least one of) the faces (including the end faces). In embodiments, the light sources are configured in a plane that includes the chamber opening, and the light sources in particular have an optical axis that is transverse or perpendicular to such a plane and so Source light in a direction away from the plane. It should be noted that both faces may include the chamber opening.

  In still other embodiments, the light sources are configured in a plane that does not include the chamber opening, and in particular, the light sources have an optical axis that is transverse or perpendicular to such plane. And, it is configured to supply source light in a direction away from such a surface, and in particular to the surface including the chamber opening.

  Combinations of two or more of such embodiments may also be applied (see also below).

In particular, the lighting unit comprises at least 10, more particularly at least 16 such light sources, in particular at least 30, more particularly at least 56. The number of light sources may be related to the (surface) area of the surface. In particular, a large number of light sources, such as at least 10, in particular at least 30, may be advantageous for the even distribution of the source light leaving the light mixing chamber. In particular, a smaller number of light sources may be cost effective. The total number of source lights may be a compromise between cost, availability, lifetime, uniformity, and light output. In particular, the number of light sources may be proportional to the (surface) area of the surface. In embodiments, the surface number of light sources per 1 m ² area (one of) the like 100 to 400 / ^{m 2,} further particularly from ^{150~300 / m 2, 10~500 / m} 2, In particular, it is selected in the range of 50 to 500 / m ² .

  The source light provided may travel in a direction away from the light sources and be redirected or otherwise redirected within the light mixing chamber, in particular by the surface (including the end face). The redirected (reflected) light may travel (again) to the surface and be redirected (reflected) again in the light mixing chamber. Multiple reflection (turning) (within the light mixing chamber) allows light to travel through the light mixing chamber until it exits the light mixing chamber through the chamber opening.

In embodiments, the surface may include a smooth surface to redirect light. In particular, the faces, including the end faces, comprise a light reflective material, such as a light reflective coating. Alternatively or additionally, an element, such as a wall element or an edge, comprising a face or an end face may consist essentially of a reflective material. Examples of reflective materials are, for example, microcellular formed polyethylene terephthalate (MCPET) or microcellular foam sheet made from polycarbonate resin (MCOPOLYCA). Also, coatings such as, for example, Al ₂ O ₃ , MgO, BaSO ₄ may be applied. In embodiments, the surface may include a (high) diffuse reflective (white) layer.

  In further embodiments, the surface may include a rough surface to redirect light. In particular, the surface may comprise one or more structures, in particular a plurality of structures, to provide reflection in different directions. In particular, source light may be redirected (reflected) in various directions. Thus, in embodiments, the light mixing chamber includes other elements or structures configured to redirect the source light. Those elements or structures may in particular be arranged on the face and / or the end face. Examples of such elements are reflective elements, which may for example be configured as dots or stripes, and may be configured as a pattern. The elements may, for example, be provided by 3D printing on the surface (including the end face) and / or during the manufacture of the light mixing box. In particular, at least one of the faces includes an element configured to redirect source light within the light mixing chamber. These elements may have the function of a secondary light source. Such an element or at least a portion of the total number of elements may be aligned with the chamber opening, although this is not necessarily the case. Such an element may have a height and / or width in the range of up to about 5% of its height, such as, for example, 0.01 to 2% of the height of the light mixing chamber. The length of such elements may be in the range of the first length, but also up to about 5% of its height, such as 0.01 to 2% of the height of the light mixing chamber. It may be a range. Furthermore, such elements may be configured in regular patterns, irregular patterns, or pseudo-random patterns. If such an element has the function of a secondary light source, the chamber opening may have the function of a tertiary (and secondary) light source.

  The light mixing chamber, in particular at least one face thereof, comprises a plurality of chamber openings to allow at least a portion of the source light to exit the light mixing chamber. In particular, (light source) light may be coupled out of the light mixing chamber via the chamber opening. In an embodiment, only one surface includes a chamber opening for at least a portion of the source light to exit.

In particular, the size and number of chamber openings can affect the amount of source light that can exit the light mixing chamber, and in particular the intensity of the light. The chamber opening may have any type of (cross-sectional) shape, such as a circular shape, a triangular shape, an elliptical shape, a hexagonal shape, or any free shape. In particular, the chamber opening has a circular shape. In particular, the chamber ^opening, such as a range of 1 mm 2 to 10 mm ^2, 0.02 mm 2 to 300 mm and the area to be selected from the ^second range (respectively) may have. Thus, in particular, the chamber opening has an equivalent diameter selected from the range of 0.2-20 mm, such as 0.5-10 mm. In the case of excessively large openings, light uniformity may be an issue, and excessively small openings may be less practical. Herein, the equivalent diameter for a given opening (having a non-circular shape) is defined as being equal to the diameter of a circle having the same area as the given opening. Here, the term "area" particularly relates to the cross-sectional area (the cross-section is in the plane of the respective plane).

  The plurality of chamber openings may have only one type of geometric shape. Alternatively, the plurality of chamber openings may have different geometric shapes, such as chamber openings having different sizes (areas). In particular, it may be advantageous to select a larger aperture size at locations further downstream from the light source as compared to the sizes of the apertures located in the vicinity of one or more of the light sources. Thus, in an embodiment, the equivalent diameter of the chamber opening varies as a function of the distance from the end face. In particular, in such an embodiment, the equivalent diameter of the opening may increase as the distance from the end face increases. The terms "upstream" and "downstream" relate to the placement of the article or feature relative to the propagation of light from the light generating means (herein particularly the light source), in the beam of light from the light generating means A second position in the beam of light that is closer to the light generating means relative to the first position of the light source is “upstream”, and further away from the light generating means, Position 3 is "downstream".

In particular, the surface including a plurality of chamber opening, the chamber opening in the range of 0.01 to 100 pieces / 1 cm ^2, chamber opening, especially 0.01 to 50 pieces / 1 cm ² range, more particularly, 0. such as 1-2 / 1 cm chamber opening in the range of ^2, it includes a chamber opening in the range of 0.01 to 10 pieces / 1 cm ^2. In particular, one surface includes at least 10 chamber openings, such as at least 20 chamber openings.

  In embodiments, these chamber openings and the first opening of the beam shaping element (see also below) do not coincide.

  The lighting unit further comprises a beam shaping element. In particular, the beam shaping element is arranged downstream from the corresponding chamber opening. Such an arrangement enables beam shaping of source light exiting the light mixing chamber, and in particular to provide beam shaped light (which may also be indicated as "lighting unit light"). Thus, in particular, the number of beam shaping chamber openings is at least as many as the number of beam shaping elements. In an embodiment, the number of beam shaping elements is equal to the number of chamber openings. These beam shaping elements make it possible to shape the beam of light exiting the light mixing chamber, such as shaping the beam width and / or the beam shape. Additionally or alternatively, the beam shaping element can control the direction of source light exiting the light mixing chamber. In embodiments, the plurality of beam shaping elements may have different geometrical shapes. In still other embodiments, these beam shaping elements may have the same geometric shape. The beam shaping element may have a shape selected from tubular, conical, pyramidal and the like. In an embodiment, the beam shaping element may be configured as a collimator.

  Each beam shaping element may comprise a first opening and a second opening, and the (reflective) surface bridges the distance between the first opening and the second opening. The first opening is configured closer to the light mixing chamber than the second opening. The first opening is specifically configured to receive light exiting the light mixing chamber, and the second opening is specifically configured to supply (at least) a portion of the lighting unit light. It is done. Therefore, the latter is configured downstream of the former. In embodiments, the total area of the cross-sectional area of the second opening is in the range of at least about 70%, such as at least about 80%, more particularly at least about 90% of the area of the surface including the chamber opening. . The walls between adjacent beam-forming elements are such as 0.2-10%, such as 0.1-20%, of the total surface area defined by the (virtual) plane defined by the second opening It may include a range of 0.1-30% (this (virtual) plane may have substantially the same area as the area of the plane including the chamber opening).

  The beam shaping element according to the invention may comprise a reflector. In embodiments, the reflectors comprise a metallic (mirror) material, such as a metallic layer. In a further embodiment, the surface of the reflector may be metallized, in particular to create a specular reflection surface. In a further embodiment, the reflector may comprise a reflective paint. The geometry of the beam shaping element, in particular the geometry of the reflector, may be selected to provide beam shaped light (in particular the direction and / or shape of the beam shaped light). Thus, in embodiments, the reflector comprises a first reflector opening, in particular arranged in alignment with the chamber opening, for receiving source light exiting the light mixing chamber (ie Each reflector is configured to be aligned with the corresponding chamber opening), and further includes a second reflector opening for beam-shaped light to escape, in particular the reflector surface Are configured between the first reflector opening and the corresponding second reflector opening. As used herein, the reflector surface may also include more than one reflector surface. In embodiments, at least a portion of the reflector surface configured between the first reflector opening and the second reflector opening comprises a reflective material, in particular a metallic mirror material. The beam shaping element may be tapered in the direction from the second opening to the first opening (the former has a larger cross section than the latter).

  In an embodiment, the first reflector openings have substantially the same shape and size as the corresponding chamber openings. In an embodiment, the second reflector openings have substantially the same shape as the corresponding first openings. Alternatively, the shape of the second reflector opening may be different from the shape of the first reflector opening. In particular, the size of the second reflector opening can be larger than the size of the corresponding first reflector opening. In particular, the reflector may have a tapered shape in which the size of the first reflector opening is smaller than the size of the corresponding second reflector opening. A reflector is a particular embodiment of the beam shaping element described above. Therefore, embodiments with respect to shape, area percentage etc. also apply to these reflectors.

  In certain embodiments, the chamber opening and the first opening of the beam shaping element may coincide. In another embodiment, there is a non-zero distance between the chamber opening and the first opening of the beam shaping element. In particular, in such an embodiment, such a chamber opening in the plane containing the chamber opening may have a length corresponding to the thickness of such a wall element comprising such a surface ( See also above). Furthermore, in such embodiments, the through holes may in particular have a tubular shape. In such embodiments, the beam forming elements may also be provided as separate entities or as a subset of the beam forming elements configured as separate entities downstream of the chamber opening. However, in particular, the beam shaping element is configured in a fixed position relative to the chamber opening.

  However, in still other embodiments, the beam shaping element and the wall element including the chamber opening may be a single unit. For example, the wall element may include a chamber opening and a beam shaping element. In embodiments, the wall element may comprise a plurality of conical recesses, having a tubular connection with the chamber opening at a first opening or bottom of the conical recess. In still other embodiments, as mentioned above, the chamber opening and the first opening of the beam shaping element may coincide. Thus, in embodiments, the surface comprising the plurality of chamber openings and the plurality of beam shaping elements are comprised by a single unit. This can further facilitate the manufacture of the lighting unit.

  Alternatively or additionally, at least a portion of the surface including the plurality of chamber openings and the end surface is included by a single unit. Integrating two or more of the elements of this lighting unit may also be useful from a thermal management point of view.

  The open structure of this lighting unit can also facilitate thermal management. The chamber can be in fluid contact with its environment through the chamber opening. Therefore, natural convection can help control the temperature of the lighting unit. In still further embodiments, the light mixing chamber further comprises one or more air openings, in particular arranged on one or more of the end face and the side not including the plurality of chamber openings. For example, air can enter through such an opening and heated air can exit through a chamber opening having an optical function. However, this may also be reversed, with air entering through the chamber opening and heated air exiting through the air opening. The flow of air may also vary across the first length and / or height of the chamber. In yet further embodiments, the lighting unit further comprises an air flow generating device, such as a small pump, an (air) ventilator, an air jet, a venturi, etc., configured to supply an air flow inside the light mixing chamber. . In a further embodiment, one or more of the end surface and the surface including the plurality of chamber openings comprises a thermally conductive material. For example, at least a portion of the lighting device may include aluminum or another thermally conductive material such as steel, copper, magnesium, thermally conductive plastic, and the like.

  At least a portion of the lighting unit, such as a wall element comprising a beam-forming element or a separate element comprising a beam-forming element, may be provided by one or more of 3D printing and injection molding.

  This lighting unit is, for example, an office lighting system, a home application system, a store lighting system, a home lighting system, an accent lighting system, a spot lighting system, a theater lighting system, a fiber optic application system, a projection system, a self lighting display system, Pixelated display system, segmented display system, warning sign system, medical lighting application system, indicator sign system, decorative lighting system, portable system, automotive application, (outdoor) road lighting system, urban lighting system, greenhouse lighting system , Horticultural lighting, or part of an LCD backlight, or may be applied to them.

  The term white light herein is known to the person skilled in the art. In particular, this white light has a correlated color temperature of about 2000 to 20000 K, in particular 2700 to 20000 K, for general lighting, in particular in the range of about 2700 K to 6500 K, and for backlight purposes, in particular in the range of about 7000 K to 20000 K. In particular, it has a CCT (correlated color temperature) within the range of about 15 SDCM (standard deviation of color matching) isochromatic standard deviation from a black body locus (BBL) black body locus, in particular within a range of BBL to about 10 SDCM, more particularly For light that is in the range of BBL to about 5 SDM.

Embodiments of the invention will now be described by way of example only with reference to the accompanying schematic drawings, in which corresponding reference symbols indicate corresponding parts.
5 schematically illustrates some embodiments and aspects of a lighting unit. 5 schematically illustrates some embodiments and aspects of a lighting unit. 5 schematically illustrates some embodiments and aspects of a lighting unit. 5 schematically shows a further embodiment and aspect of part of the lighting unit; 5 schematically shows a further embodiment and aspect of part of the lighting unit; 5 schematically shows a further embodiment and aspect of part of the lighting unit; 5 schematically shows a further embodiment and aspect of part of the lighting unit; 5 schematically shows a further embodiment and aspect of part of the lighting unit; 5 schematically shows a further embodiment and aspect of part of the lighting unit; 5 schematically shows a further embodiment and aspect of part of the lighting unit; 3 shows an embodiment of a lighting unit.

  These schematic drawings are not necessarily to scale.

  FIG. 1a schematically illustrates an embodiment of a lighting unit 1000 comprising a light mixing chamber 100 defined by a face 110 and an end face 130, the height H of the light mixing chamber 100 being defined by the distance between the faces 110. Show. The face 100 can be distinguished by a first face 111 and a second face 112. The distance between these faces defines the height H. The first length L1 is defined by the distance between the end faces 130. The end face 130 may be a single end face, such as, for example, in the case of a circular device. However, the end face 130 may also include a plurality of different faces, such as in the case of a mixing chamber having a square, rectangular, hexagonal, etc. cross-section. Here, the cross-section refers to a cross-section perpendicular to the plane of the drawing, ie a cross-section parallel to the plane of the mixing chamber. This figure shows a cross section in the plane of the drawing, ie a cross section parallel to the height H of the mixing chamber 100. In this schematically illustrated embodiment, the height H is smaller than the first length L 1 of the light mixing chamber 100. In embodiments, the first length may refer to a length or a diameter (see also above).

  The lighting unit comprises a plurality of light sources 10 configured to supply light source light 11 into the light mixing chamber 100. In particular, these light sources comprise LEDs. Although only two light sources 10 are shown here by way of example, in general, many more light sources may be available, such as at least ten, at least twenty, and so on.

  At least one of the faces 110 exits at least a portion of the light source light 11 (and / or the light emitting material light if the light emitting material excitable by the source light is available in the light mixing chamber 100) And a plurality of chamber openings 141. Here, by way of example only the first face 111 comprises such a chamber opening 141. However, in other embodiments, for example, for a suspended lighting unit, both sides 111 and 112 may include such openings. Note that the number of openings, the arrangement of the openings, and the geometry of the openings may be different on both sides 111, 112, if both sides include such a chamber opening 141. I want to be

  Chamber 100 is also defined by wall or wall element 120. The first wall element 121 can comprise the first surface 111, the second wall element 122 can comprise the second surface 112, and the third wall element 123 comprises the end surface 130. be able to. The chamber opening 141 in the face 110 (here the first face 111) is a through opening, ie through the wall element 120 (here the first wall element 121). Thus, in embodiments such as the embodiment schematically shown in FIG. 1a, the chamber opening is a through hole having a height H2. Such height may, for example, be in the range of 0.1 to 10 mm, in particular 0.5 to 5 mm. Furthermore, the chamber opening 141 may have a length L2. This length may also be defined as the equivalent diameter, as the chamber opening may have not only a square or a circle but any cross-sectional shape. The equivalent diameter may be in the range of 0.2 to 20 mm. In the schematically shown embodiment of FIG. 1a, the chamber opening 141 in the surface 110 (here the first surface 111) containing such a chamber opening 141 comprises that surface 110 It should be noted that it may have a length (shown here as height H2), which corresponds to the thickness of such a wall element 120 (here 121).

  In particular, the lighting unit described herein is characterized by a light mixing box, in particular by a first length L1 and a height H. This lighting unit may be further defined by an outer length Lex and an outer height Hex. In particular, the outer length Lex comprises a third wall element 123. In particular, the outer height Hex comprises a first wall element 121 and a second wall element 122. Substantially, the same ratio as L1 and H may be applied to Lex and Hex.

  Furthermore, the lighting unit 1000 further comprises a plurality of beam shaping elements 150, each beam shaping element 150 being configured downstream from the corresponding chamber opening 141. Thus, light exiting through the chamber opening 141 can travel further through the (wall element and) beam shaping element 150. In particular, the beam shaping element 150 comprises a reflector 200. Thus, in the embodiment as schematically shown in FIG. 1a, there is fluid communication between the chamber 100 and the exterior of the lighting unit 1000, the exterior of the lighting unit 1000 being designated by the reference 5 ing.

  As schematically shown in FIG. 1 a, the beam shaping element 150 may be configured as a separate entity across or on the wall element 120 with the chamber opening 141. In embodiments, the plurality of beam shaping elements are comprised by a single body. Here, this body is indicated by the dashed area.

  Source light 11 (and / or other light generated by the source light) exiting the lighting unit 1000 (ie, out of the chamber and out of the beam shaping element) is shown as lighting unit light 1001.

  Here, each beam shaping element 150 is configured to receive the first beam shaping element opening, which is configured to be aligned with the corresponding chamber opening 141 for receiving the source light 11 exiting the light mixing chamber 100. And a second beam shaping element opening for the beam shaped light 1001 to exit. Thus, in particular, the reflector 200 comprises a first reflector opening 201, configured to be aligned with the chamber opening 141, for receiving source light 11 exiting the light mixing chamber 100, and , Includes a second reflector opening 202 for the beam shaped light 1001 to exit. Thus, in this manner, beam-shaped lighting unit light 1001 can be provided. As will be apparent to one skilled in the art, the term "aligned and configured" may indicate, for example, that the axis of the beam shaping element may be substantially coincident with the axis through the chamber opening. Such axes may include the center point of the beam shaping element and the center point of the chamber opening, respectively.

  As schematically shown, the third wall element 123 (with the end face 130) is also part of a larger element, which also comprises the first wall element 121 (with the first face) Good. Thus, in the embodiment, the face 110 including the plurality of chamber openings 141 and at least a portion of the end face 130 are included by a single unit 162.

  These walls may be made of a light reflective material, such as aluminum or a material comprising a light reflective coating.

  Referring to FIG. 1 b, this figure schematically shows some more detailed embodiments of the beam shaping element 150. The beam shaping element 150 can include a first opening 151 and a second opening 152, bridging the distance between the first opening 151 and the second opening 152, (reflection ) Face 153. The first opening 151 is configured closer to the light mixing chamber 100 than the second opening 152. The first opening 151 is particularly configured to receive the light source light 11 that has exited the light mixing chamber 100, and the second opening 152 is in particular a (at least) part of the lighting unit light 1001. It is configured to supply A plurality of beam shaping elements 150 may be included within a single integral structure, indicated by reference numeral 163. The first opening 151 is (and thus) configured upstream of the second opening 152.

  As mentioned above, the beam shaping element 150 in particular comprises a reflector 200. Thus, the reflector 200 includes a first reflector opening 201 configured to be aligned with the chamber opening 141 for receiving source light 11 exiting the light mixing chamber 100, and It includes a second reflector opening 202 for the beam shaped light 1001 to exit. As shown in FIG. 1 b, at least a portion of the (reflector) surface 210 between the first reflector opening 201 and the second reflector opening 202 comprises a metallic mirror material 245. In FIG. 1b, the references L3 and L4 indicate the equivalent diameter of the first (reflector) openings 151, 201 and the equivalent diameter of the second (reflector) openings 152, 202, respectively. L3 is substantially identical to L2 in the embodiment. Furthermore, in certain embodiments, L3 = L4. In general, L4> L3 (as schematically shown in FIGS. 1a-1c). Reference H3 denotes the height (or thickness) of the beam shaping element, which height (or thickness) is in the range of 0.1 to 100 mm, such as, for example, 0.5 to 50 mm. May be In FIG. 1 b, the beam shaping element 150 is a reflector 200.

  FIG. 1 c schematically shows an embodiment in which the surface 110 comprising a plurality of chamber openings 141 and the plurality of beam shaping elements 150 are comprised by a single unit 161. For example, the portion between the chamber opening 141 and the first reflector opening 201 may be cylindrical and between the first reflector opening 201 and the second reflector opening The portion may be conical. Of course, this single unit 161 and the single unit 162 may also be provided as a single integrated unit. In an embodiment, the reflector may be deposited on surface 153, which bridges the distance between the first opening 151 and the second opening 152 (here, the surface 210 is the first The distance between the reflector opening 201 and the second reflector opening 202 is bridged and configured as a reflecting surface).

  FIG. 2a schematically shows several variants in a single schematic drawing.

  Among other things, this schematic drawing is configured such that at least a part of the total number of the plurality of light sources 10 is configured at the end face 130 to supply source light 11 having an optical axis O perpendicular to the height H Show an embodiment. However, the other light sources 10 are configured in different ways, such as being configured on the first surface 111. Still another light source 10 is configured on the second surface 112. It should be noted that the light source may be configured to one or more of these (end) faces 130, 111, 112. In this schematic drawing, by way of example, an embodiment is shown in which the light source 10 is configured on all sides (shown).

  Furthermore, the figure schematically shows an embodiment in which at least one of the faces 110 comprises an element 171 configured to redirect the source light 11 inside the light mixing chamber 100. These elements are shown schematically as triangular structures, such as tetrahedral or triangular bumps.

  Still further, this figure schematically shows an embodiment in which the lighting mixing chamber 100 further comprises one or more air openings 341. For example, these air openings may be configured in one or more of the end surface 130 and the surface 110 not including the plurality of chamber openings 141. However, as an option, the surface 110 including the plurality of chamber openings 141 may also include air openings 341, which are not configured as openings for the source light 11 to escape. The air openings 341 may be configured to minimize the escape of light through such air openings. In particular, the accumulated cross-sectional area of such an air opening is (substantially) smaller than the accumulated cross-sectional area of the chamber opening 141 (for the source light 11 to exit). Air may be drawn through one or more of such air openings 341, but may also be drawn through one or more of the beam shaping elements 150. In this manner, air can flow into and out of the chamber 100, which aids in thermal management.

  Still further, this figure schematically depicts an embodiment further comprising an airflow generation device 300 configured to supply an air flow inside the light mixing chamber 100. In particular, the air flow generating device is in (direct) fluid contact with one or more air openings 341.

  Fig. 2b schematically shows some embodiments of the lighting unit 1000 shown in top view, wherein I shows an embodiment with a square cross section and II shows an implementation with a circular cross section An embodiment is shown, III shows an embodiment with an oval cross-section, the cross-section being parallel to the plane of the drawing, for example, the first side 111 or the second side 112 (with regard to those planes FIG. In the plane parallel to FIG.

  In FIG. 2 c, several embodiments of the chamber 100 are schematically illustrated, which may also imply similar geometrical shapes of the lighting unit 1000. These embodiments are shown in cross section, the cross section being, for example, in a plane which also includes an axis indicating the height, the cross section being a plane parallel to the plane of the drawing, ie the first plane It is in a plane substantially perpendicular to 111 or the second surface 112. A plate-like chamber 100 is shown in (I), a plate-like chamber with a curved first face 111 is shown in (II), and a disc-like chamber in which both faces 111, 112 are curved An embodiment in which 100 is shown in (III) and in which both the first side 111 and the second side 112 include chamber openings is shown in (IV). It should be noted that the last embodiment is not limited to the plate-like embodiment, but can also be applied to the other embodiments described and / or schematically shown herein. Still further, a C-shaped or banana-shaped chamber 100 is schematically shown in (V).

  FIG. 2 d schematically illustrates in top view an embodiment of the lighting unit 1000 in which the equivalent diameter of the chamber opening 141 varies as a function of the distance from the end face 130, the smaller openings being more Closer to 130, the larger openings are farther from the end face 130.

  Thus, in an embodiment, a cavity or chamber 100 is created, in which a ring of LEDs is made (see FIG. 2 e (cross section)). The periphery of this cavity is made by the LED substrate and the top and bottom sides are closed by a highly reflective diffusing layer. One side is provided with a large number of small holes 141 arranged in a pattern. Through these holes 141 light can exit the cavity. These holes can be considered as secondary (illumination) sources (also shown as tertiary light sources). Within the same component, beam shaping optics 150 are fabricated, which ensure the best alignment of the secondary (illumination) source 141 and the beam shaping optics 150. The secondary (lighting) source 141 is made by small holes in the (injection molded) plate, for example with a diameter of 2 mm, but other manufacturing techniques such as 3D printing may also be used . The surface of beam shaping element 150 is metallized to create a specularly reflective surface. This surface is made of highly diffuse reflective white plastic. The holes 141 and the reflectors 200 can be arranged in a so-called phylogenetic pattern, as can be seen in FIG. 3, but other patterns are also possible. This plate is mounted on the top of the cavity, in which the LED strips are arranged at the outer edge, so that they illuminate inwards. The bottom side of the cavity is covered with a highly reflective white diffusion layer such as MCPET. Reference 7 indicates a printed circuit board (PCB) having a height substantially equal to the height H of the chamber 100 in this embodiment.

  Fig. 2f schematically shows a 3D view of the embodiment as schematically shown in (II) of Fig. 2b.

  Also proposed herein is a solution for creating a beam shaping element made of a good thermally conductive material such as aluminum or magnesium, which is arranged on the large light emitting surface of the luminaire. This surface is typically facing down to the room when installed on a ceiling. The beam shaping element is made in good thermal contact with the LED so that the heat generated by the LED can be introduced into the beam shaping element. Due to its relatively large surface good heat exchange to the ambient air can be realized. The element in front of this light emitting surface need not itself have a beam shaping function, but may be a decorative element with straight walls so that light is only minimally affected. Fig. 2g schematically shows a cross-sectional view of an embodiment as schematically shown in (II) of Fig. 2b, which can be adapted to the above mentioned proposal. In this schematically illustrated embodiment, the light shaping function is realized by a reflector 200 (here a reflector cup) that redirects the light generated by at least 10 light sources 10, in particular the LEDs. The LEDs are evenly distributed on the walls or end faces 120, 123, 130 of the cavity being made by the element 161 having the external height Hex and the external length Lex. It may be made of aluminum and can be easily die cast or otherwise made. Because the walls of the cavity are created in the same part as the light shaping element, the heat transfer is very good and the entire front of the element can function as a heat sink. This cavity is closed by walls 120, 122, such as reflectors, to create a mixing chamber 100 for the light of the light source 10.

  FIG. 3 schematically shows in top view an embodiment of a lighting unit 1000 in which the light source is switched on. In this embodiment, the beam-shaping element 150 is configured in a flora pattern. In this embodiment, the external length is equal to the diameter of the lighting unit.

  In a further embodiment, the beam shaping elements are made in a separate plate, mounted in good thermal contact with the back cover. In certain embodiments, a light guide plate is used instead of an open cavity to mix the light generated by the LEDs and create a uniform illuminated surface. In yet further embodiments, a beam shaping element, such as a reflector, accommodates a light transmissive solid material.

  The term "substantially" herein, as in "substantially all light" or "substantially consistents" etc., is understood by the person skilled in the art It will The term "substantially" may also include embodiments with "entirely", "completely", "all" and the like. Thus, in embodiments, this adjective may also be substantially deleted. Where applicable, the term "substantially" may also relate to 90% or more, such as 95% or more, in particular 99% or more, more particularly 99.5% or more, including 100%. The term "comprise" also includes embodiments where the term "comprise" means "consists of". The term "and / or" particularly relates to one or more of the items mentioned before or after that "and / or". For example, the phrases "item 1 and / or item 2", and similar phrases may be associated with one or more of item 1 and item 2. The term "comprising" may also refer to "consisting of" in one embodiment, but in another embodiment also "at least defined species, and optionally one or more It also refers to "including other species of".

  Furthermore, the terms first, second, third, and the like in the specification and claims are used to distinguish similar elements, and are not necessarily in a sequential or chronological order. It is not used to explain. The terms so used are interchangeable under appropriate circumstances and the embodiments of the invention described herein are in other sequences than those described or illustrated herein. It should be understood that the operation of is possible.

  The devices herein are described, inter alia, in operation. As will be apparent to those skilled in the art, the present invention is not limited to the method of operation or device at the time of operation.

  The embodiments described above do not limit the invention but rather illustrate it, and one of ordinary skill in the art can design many alternative embodiments without departing from the scope of the appended claims. It should be noted that In the claims, any reference signs in parentheses shall not be construed as limiting the scope of the claims. Use of the verb "to comprise" and its conjugations does not exclude the presence of elements or steps other than those stated in a claim. The indefinite article "a" or "an" preceding an element does not exclude the presence of a plurality of such elements. The invention may be implemented by means of hardware comprising several distinct elements, and by means of a suitably programmed computer. In the device claim enumerating several means, several of these means may be embodied by one and the same item of hardware. The mere fact that certain measures are recited in mutually different dependent claims does not indicate that a combination of these measures can not be used to advantage.

  The invention further applies to a device comprising one or more of the features described in the description and / or the features shown in the attached drawings. The invention further relates to a method or process comprising one or more of the features described in the description and / or the features shown in the attached drawings.

  The various aspects discussed in this patent can be combined to provide further advantages. Furthermore, one of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the embodiments can be combined and that more than two embodiments can be combined. Furthermore, some of the features may form the basis for one or more divisional applications.

Claims (14)

A lighting unit comprising a light mixing chamber defined by a face and an end face, wherein the height of the light mixing chamber defined by the distance between the faces is smaller than a first length of the light mixing chamber Said lighting unit comprises at least ten light sources configured to supply light source light into said light mixing chamber, at least one of said faces from said light mixing chamber from said light mixing chamber A plurality of chamber openings for at least a portion to escape out, said chamber openings having a length corresponding to the thickness of said surface including said chamber openings, the shape varying with said length And / or have a diameter,
The lighting unit further comprises a plurality of beam shaping elements, each beam shaping element being configured downstream from the corresponding chamber opening, the beam shaping elements comprising a reflector
The at least ten light sources are configured to be evenly distributed at the end face and configured to supply the light source light having an optical axis perpendicular to the height,
An illumination unit, wherein the beam shaping element is configured in a pseudo-random pattern.   The reflector includes a first reflector opening aligned with the chamber opening for receiving source light exiting the light mixing chamber, and the beamformed light being The lighting unit of claim 1 including a second reflector opening for exit.   The lighting unit according to claim 2, wherein at least a part of the reflector surface between the first reflector opening and the second reflector opening comprises a metallic mirror material.   4. A lighting unit according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the surface comprising the plurality of chamber openings and the plurality of beam shaping elements are comprised by a single unit.   The lighting unit according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the surface including the plurality of chamber openings and at least a portion of the end surface are included by a single unit.   The lighting unit according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the equivalent diameter of the chamber opening increases as the distance from the chamber opening in the plane increases.   7. A lighting unit according to any of the preceding claims, wherein at least one of the faces comprises an element configured to redirect source light inside the light mixing chamber. The surface including the plurality of chamber openings includes a chamber opening in the range of 0.01 to 100 / cm ² per contact, and the lighting unit is configured to set the first to the height of 5 ≦ L1 / H ≦ 100. 8. A lighting unit according to any one of the preceding claims, having a ratio of lengths of one.   9. A lighting unit according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the chamber opening has an equivalent diameter selected from the range of 0.2-20 mm.   10. A lighting unit according to claim 9, wherein the equivalent diameter of the chamber opening changes as a function of the distance from the end face.   11. A lighting unit as claimed in any one of claims 2 to 10, wherein a non-zero distance exists between the chamber opening and the first opening of the beam shaping element.   12. A lighting unit according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the beam shaping element is configured in a phylogenetic pattern.   13. The lighting mixing chamber further comprises one or more air openings configured in one or more of the end surface and the surface not including the plurality of chamber openings. The lighting unit described in the section.   14. A lighting unit according to any of the preceding claims, wherein one or more of the faces comprising the end face and the plurality of chamber openings comprises a thermally conductive material.

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