JP2019220360A - Battery manufacturing method and battery - Google Patents

Battery manufacturing method and battery Download PDF

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JP2019220360A
JP2019220360A JP2018117433A JP2018117433A JP2019220360A JP 2019220360 A JP2019220360 A JP 2019220360A JP 2018117433 A JP2018117433 A JP 2018117433A JP 2018117433 A JP2018117433 A JP 2018117433A JP 2019220360 A JP2019220360 A JP 2019220360A
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battery
lithium
container
oxygen
lithium oxygen
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明彦 田近
Akihiko Tachika
明彦 田近
久保　佳実
Yoshimi Kubo
佳実 久保
祥司 山口
Shoji Yamaguchi
祥司 山口
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National Institute for Materials Science
SoftBank Corp
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National Institute for Materials Science
SoftBank Corp
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Priority to JP2018117433A priority Critical patent/JP2019220360A/en
Priority to PCT/JP2019/024558 priority patent/WO2019244989A1/en
Publication of JP2019220360A publication Critical patent/JP2019220360A/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M12/00—Hybrid cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M12/08—Hybrid cells; Manufacture thereof composed of a half-cell of a fuel-cell type and a half-cell of the secondary-cell type
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery
    • H01M50/102—Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery characterised by their shape or physical structure
    • H01M50/103—Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery characterised by their shape or physical structure prismatic or rectangular
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/543—Terminals
    • H01M50/547—Terminals characterised by the disposition of the terminals on the cells
    • H01M50/548—Terminals characterised by the disposition of the terminals on the cells on opposite sides of the cell
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/543—Terminals
    • H01M50/547—Terminals characterised by the disposition of the terminals on the cells
    • H01M50/55—Terminals characterised by the disposition of the terminals on the cells on the same side of the cell
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Hybrid Cells (AREA)
  • Connection Of Batteries Or Terminals (AREA)
  • Sealing Battery Cases Or Jackets (AREA)

Abstract

To provide a battery capable of efficiently using oxygen instead of a lithium-air battery using oxygen in the air as a positive electrode active material and using lithium as a negative electrode active material.SOLUTION: A battery manufacturing method includes the steps of preparing a lithium oxygen battery in a discharged state of including lithium oxide and sealing a container including the discharged lithium oxygen battery. A battery includes an airtight container having a pressure resistance structure and a lithium oxygen battery housed in an airtight container.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

本発明は、電池の製造方法及び電池に関する。   The present invention relates to a battery manufacturing method and a battery.

正極活物質として空気中の酸素を用い、負極活物質としてリチウムを用いたリチウム空気電池が知られていた（例えば、特許文献１参照）。
［先行技術文献］
［特許文献］
［特許文献１］国際公開第２０１５／１１５４８０号 A lithium air battery using oxygen in the air as a positive electrode active material and using lithium as a negative electrode active material has been known (for example, see Patent Document 1).
[Prior art documents]
[Patent Document]
[Patent Document 1] International Publication No. 2015/115480

酸素を効率的に利用可能な電池を提供できることが望ましい。   It is desirable to be able to provide a battery that can efficiently use oxygen.

本発明の第１の態様によれば、電池の製造方法が提供される。製造方法は、リチウム酸化物が析出している放電状態のリチウム酸素電池を用意する工程を備えてよい。製造方法は、放電状態のリチウム酸素電池を収納した容器を密閉する工程を備えてよい。   According to a first aspect of the present invention, a method for manufacturing a battery is provided. The manufacturing method may include a step of preparing a lithium oxygen battery in a discharged state in which lithium oxide is deposited. The manufacturing method may include a step of sealing a container containing the discharged lithium oxygen battery.

上記用意する工程は、充電状態のリチウム酸素電池を放電させることによって上記放電状態のリチウム酸素電池を用意する工程を含んでよい。上記容器は耐圧構造を有してよい。上記密閉する工程は、酸素環境内で上記容器を密閉する工程を含んでよい。上記密閉する工程は、常圧環境内で上記容器を密閉する工程を含んでよい。上記密閉する工程は、真空環境内で上記容器を密閉する工程を含んでよい。   The preparing step may include preparing the discharged lithium oxygen battery by discharging the charged lithium oxygen battery. The container may have a pressure-resistant structure. The step of sealing may include a step of sealing the container in an oxygen environment. The step of sealing may include a step of sealing the container in a normal pressure environment. The sealing step may include a step of sealing the container in a vacuum environment.

上記リチウム酸素電池は、複数のリチウム金属負極、複数のセパレータ、及び複数のカーボン正極を含む多層構造を有してよい。上記多層構造の各層は、リチウム金属負極、セパレータ、カーボンナノチューブ、及びカーボン電極を含んでよい。上記密閉する工程は、複数の上記リチウム酸素電池を収納した上記容器を密閉する工程を含んでよい。上記複数のリチウム酸素電池のそれぞれは電池パックに収容されていてよい。上記密閉する工程は、上記複数のリチウム酸素電池と、上記複数のリチウム酸素電池のそれぞれを取り囲む緩衝材とを収納した上記容器を密閉する工程を含んでよい。上記複数のリチウム酸素電池は、上記容器の外まで突き出した電極を有してよい。   The lithium oxygen battery may have a multilayer structure including a plurality of lithium metal negative electrodes, a plurality of separators, and a plurality of carbon positive electrodes. Each layer of the multilayer structure may include a lithium metal negative electrode, a separator, a carbon nanotube, and a carbon electrode. The sealing step may include a step of sealing the container accommodating the plurality of lithium oxygen batteries. Each of the plurality of lithium oxygen batteries may be housed in a battery pack. The step of sealing may include a step of sealing the container containing the plurality of lithium oxygen batteries and the cushioning material surrounding each of the plurality of lithium oxygen batteries. The plurality of lithium oxygen batteries may have electrodes protruding outside the container.

本発明の第２の態様によれば、電池が提供される。電池は、耐圧構造を有する気密容器を備えてよい。電池は、気密容器内に収納されたリチウム酸素電池を備えてよい。   According to a second aspect of the present invention, a battery is provided. The battery may include an airtight container having a pressure-resistant structure. The battery may comprise a lithium oxygen battery housed in an airtight container.

上記気密容器内に酸素タンクを含まなくてよい。上記リチウム酸素電池が充電状態であるときの上記気密容器内の気圧は、上記リチウム酸素電池が放電状態であるときの上記気密容器内の気圧よりも大きくてよい。上記リチウム酸素電池は、複数のリチウム金属負極、複数のセパレータ、及び複数のカーボン正極を含む多層構造を有してよい。上記多層構造の各層は、リチウム金属負極、セパレータ、メソポーラスカーボン、グラフェン、カーボンブラック、アセチレンブラック、カーボンナノチューブ、カーボンナノファイバおよびカーボンナノホーンからなる群から選択される多孔質炭素材料、及び金属またはカーボンからなる電極を含んでよい。   The airtight container may not include an oxygen tank. The pressure in the airtight container when the lithium oxygen battery is in a charged state may be higher than the air pressure in the airtight container when the lithium oxygen battery is in a discharged state. The lithium oxygen battery may have a multilayer structure including a plurality of lithium metal negative electrodes, a plurality of separators, and a plurality of carbon positive electrodes. Each layer of the multilayer structure is a lithium metal negative electrode, a separator, mesoporous carbon, graphene, carbon black, acetylene black, carbon nanotubes, a porous carbon material selected from the group consisting of carbon nanofibers and carbon nanohorns, and metal or carbon. Electrodes.

上記気密容器内に複数の上記リチウム酸素電池が収納されていてよい。上記複数のリチウム酸素電池のそれぞれは電池パックに収容されていてよい。上記気密容器内に上記複数のリチウム酸素電池と、上記複数のリチウム酸素電池のそれぞれを取り囲む緩衝材とが収納されていてよい。上記複数のリチウム酸素電池は、上記気密容器の上下方向に積層されていてよい。上記電池は、上記リチウム酸素電池から、上記気密容器の横方向に上記気密容器の外まで突き出した電極を備えてよい。   A plurality of the lithium oxygen batteries may be housed in the airtight container. Each of the plurality of lithium oxygen batteries may be housed in a battery pack. The plurality of lithium oxygen batteries and a cushioning material surrounding each of the plurality of lithium oxygen batteries may be housed in the airtight container. The plurality of lithium oxygen batteries may be vertically stacked on the airtight container. The battery may include an electrode protruding from the lithium oxygen battery in a lateral direction of the airtight container to outside the airtight container.

なお、上記の発明の概要は、本発明の必要な特徴の全てを列挙したものではない。また、これらの特徴群のサブコンビネーションもまた、発明となりうる。   The above summary of the present invention is not an exhaustive listing of all the required features of the present invention. Further, a sub-combination of these feature groups can also be an invention.

電池１００の外観の一例を概略的に示す。An example of the appearance of the battery 100 is schematically shown. 電池１００の内部構造の一例を概略的に示す。An example of the internal structure of the battery 100 is schematically shown. 電池１００の断面の一例を概略的に示す。An example of a cross section of the battery 100 is schematically shown. リチウム酸素電池２０１の多層構造の一例を概略的に示す。An example of the multilayer structure of the lithium oxygen battery 201 is schematically shown. 放電前後のリチウム酸素電池２０１の断面の一例を概略的に示す。One example of a cross section of the lithium oxygen battery 201 before and after discharging is schematically shown. 製造後の、電池パック２００が放電状態である電池１００を充電した場合の、充電前後の電池１００の状態を概略的に示す。The state of the battery 100 before and after charging when the battery 100 in a discharged state is charged after manufacturing is schematically shown. 充電前後のリチウム酸素電池２０１の構造の一例を概略的に示す。An example of the structure of the lithium oxygen battery 201 before and after charging is schematically shown. 電池１００の製造方法の一例を概略的に示す。An example of a method for manufacturing the battery 100 is schematically illustrated. 電池１００の製造方法の一例を概略的に示す。An example of a method for manufacturing the battery 100 is schematically illustrated.

以下、発明の実施の形態を通じて本発明を説明するが、以下の実施形態は特許請求の範囲にかかる発明を限定するものではない。また、実施形態の中で説明されている特徴の組み合わせの全てが発明の解決手段に必須であるとは限らない。   Hereinafter, the present invention will be described through embodiments of the invention, but the following embodiments do not limit the invention according to the claims. In addition, not all combinations of the features described in the embodiments are necessarily indispensable to the solution of the invention.

図１は、電池１００の外観の一例を概略的に示す。図２は、電池１００の内部構造の一例を概略的に示す。図３は、電池１００の断面の一例を概略的に示す。電池１００は、容器１１０と、容器１１０内に収納された電池パック２００及び緩衝材４００と、電池パック２００から容器１１０の外まで突き出した電極３００とを備える。   FIG. 1 schematically shows an example of the appearance of the battery 100. FIG. 2 schematically shows an example of the internal structure of the battery 100. FIG. 3 schematically illustrates an example of a cross section of the battery 100. The battery 100 includes a container 110, a battery pack 200 and a buffer material 400 housed in the container 110, and an electrode 300 protruding from the battery pack 200 to the outside of the container 110.

容器１１０内には、複数の電池パック２００が収納されてよい。複数の電池パック２００は、容器１１０の上下方向に積層されていてよい。電極３００は、容器１１０の横方向に、容器１１０の側面１１６から突き出していてよい。図２及び図３に示すように、複数の電池パック２００は、緩衝材４００に取り囲まれていてよい。   A plurality of battery packs 200 may be stored in the container 110. The plurality of battery packs 200 may be stacked in the vertical direction of the container 110. The electrode 300 may project from the side surface 116 of the container 110 in a lateral direction of the container 110. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the plurality of battery packs 200 may be surrounded by a cushioning material 400.

電池パック２００内には、リチウム酸素電池が含まれる。リチウム酸素電池とは、正極活物質として酸素を用い、負極活物質としてリチウムを用いた電池であってよい。リチウム酸素電池は、リチウム空気電池と称される場合もある。   The battery pack 200 includes a lithium oxygen battery. A lithium oxygen battery may be a battery using oxygen as a positive electrode active material and using lithium as a negative electrode active material. Lithium oxygen batteries are sometimes referred to as lithium air batteries.

リチウム酸素電池は、リチウム負極、セパレータ、及びカーボン正極を含む。リチウム酸素電池は、複数のリチウム負極、複数のセパレータ、及び複数のカーボン正極を含む多層構造を有してよい。なお、カーボン正極は、空気極とも称され、主として多孔質炭素材料からなる正極反応層と、多孔性と導電性とを有する金属材料またはカーボン材料からなる正極集電体（単に電極とも称する）とを備え、酸素を通しやすい構造である。以降では、正極反応層を構成する多孔質炭素材料がカーボンナノチューブであるものとして説明するが、多孔質炭素材料は、これに限らない。例示的には、多孔質炭素材料は、メソポーラスカーボン、グラフェン、カーボンブラック、アセチレンブラック、カーボンナノチューブ、カーボンナノファイバ、カーボンナノホーン等であってもよい。当該多層構造の各層は、例えば、リチウム負極、セパレータ、カーボンナノチューブ、及びカーボン電極を含む。   A lithium oxygen battery includes a lithium negative electrode, a separator, and a carbon positive electrode. A lithium oxygen battery may have a multilayer structure including a plurality of lithium anodes, a plurality of separators, and a plurality of carbon cathodes. The carbon positive electrode is also referred to as an air electrode, and includes a positive electrode reaction layer mainly composed of a porous carbon material, and a positive electrode current collector composed of a porous and conductive metal material or carbon material (also simply referred to as an electrode). And has a structure that allows easy passage of oxygen. Hereinafter, description will be made assuming that the porous carbon material constituting the positive electrode reaction layer is a carbon nanotube, but the porous carbon material is not limited to this. Illustratively, the porous carbon material may be mesoporous carbon, graphene, carbon black, acetylene black, carbon nanotube, carbon nanofiber, carbon nanohorn, or the like. Each layer of the multilayer structure includes, for example, a lithium negative electrode, a separator, a carbon nanotube, and a carbon electrode.

図４は、リチウム酸素電池２０１の多層構造の一例を概略的に示す。図４は、二層のリチウム酸素電池２０１を例示している。図４に示すリチウム酸素電池２０１は、リチウム負極２０２、セパレータ２０４、カーボンナノチューブ２０６、及び電極２０８を有する。電極２０８は、通風構造を有する。電極２０８の通風構造を介して、カーボンナノチューブ２０６に酸素が供給される。   FIG. 4 schematically shows an example of a multilayer structure of the lithium oxygen battery 201. FIG. 4 illustrates a two-layer lithium oxygen battery 201. A lithium oxygen battery 201 illustrated in FIG. 4 includes a lithium negative electrode 202, a separator 204, a carbon nanotube 206, and an electrode 208. The electrode 208 has a ventilation structure. Oxygen is supplied to the carbon nanotubes 206 through the ventilation structure of the electrodes 208.

酸素環境下においてリチウム酸素電池２０１を放電すると、リチウム負極２０２のリチウムと酸素とが反応して、カーボンナノチューブ２０６にリチウム酸化物が析出する。リチウム酸化物は、例えば、酸化リチウム（Ｌｉ２Ｏ）である。また、リチウム酸化物は、例えば、過酸化リチウム（Ｌｉ２Ｏ２）である。また、リチウム酸化物は、例えば、超酸化リチウム（ＬｉＯ２）である。 When the lithium oxygen battery 201 is discharged in an oxygen environment, lithium in the lithium anode 202 reacts with oxygen, and lithium oxide is deposited on the carbon nanotube 206. The lithium oxide is, for example, lithium oxide (Li 2 O). The lithium oxide is, for example, lithium peroxide (Li 2 O 2 ). The lithium oxide is, for example, super lithium oxide (LiO 2 ).

酸素環境とは、リチウム酸素電池２０１を放電させるために必要な酸素がリチウム酸素電池２０１に供給される環境であれば任意の環境であってよい。例えば、酸素環境とは、純酸素で満たされた環境である。   The oxygen environment may be any environment as long as oxygen necessary for discharging the lithium oxygen battery 201 is supplied to the lithium oxygen battery 201. For example, an oxygen environment is an environment filled with pure oxygen.

図５は、放電前後のリチウム酸素電池２０１の断面の一例を概略的に示す。放電によって、カーボンナノチューブ２０６にリチウム酸化物が析出する結果、カーボンナノチューブ２０６が膨張して、リチウム酸素電池２０１の厚みが増加する。リチウム酸素電池２０１が電池パック２００内に配置されている場合、電池パック２００外の酸素がリチウム酸素電池２０１に供給されて、リチウム酸素電池２０１の厚みが増加する結果、電池パック２００の厚みが増加する。   FIG. 5 schematically shows an example of a cross section of the lithium oxygen battery 201 before and after discharging. As a result of the discharge, lithium oxide is deposited on the carbon nanotubes 206, so that the carbon nanotubes 206 expand and the thickness of the lithium oxygen battery 201 increases. When the lithium oxygen battery 201 is disposed in the battery pack 200, oxygen outside the battery pack 200 is supplied to the lithium oxygen battery 201, and the thickness of the lithium oxygen battery 201 increases, so that the thickness of the battery pack 200 increases. I do.

本実施形態に係る電池１００は、放電状態の電池パック２００及び緩衝材４００を、開放状態の容器１１０内に収納し、容器１１０を密閉することによって製造されてよい。すなわち、本実施形態に係る電池１００は、放電状態の膨張している電池パック２００及び緩衝材４００を容器１１０内に収納し、開放状態の容器１１０を密閉することによって製造されてよい。   The battery 100 according to the present embodiment may be manufactured by storing the battery pack 200 and the cushioning material 400 in the discharged state in the container 110 in the open state, and sealing the container 110. That is, the battery 100 according to the present embodiment may be manufactured by storing the discharged battery pack 200 and the cushioning material 400 in the container 110 and sealing the container 110 in the open state.

図６は、電池パック２００内のリチウム酸素電池２０１が放電状態である電池１００を充電した場合の、充電前後の電池１００の状態を概略的に示す。電池１００を充電すると、カーボンナノチューブ２０６のリチウム酸化物が還元されて、酸素が容器１１０内に放出される。   FIG. 6 schematically shows states of the battery 100 before and after charging when the lithium oxygen battery 201 in the battery pack 200 charges the battery 100 in a discharged state. When the battery 100 is charged, the lithium oxide of the carbon nanotube 206 is reduced, and oxygen is released into the container 110.

放出された酸素は、容器１１０内の隙間に充満する。放出された酸素は、例えば、緩衝材４００に蓄積される。緩衝材４００は、このように酸素のタンクとして機能してよい。緩衝材４００は、多孔質であってよい。これにより、緩衝材４００は、放出された酸素の蓄積スペースを提供できる。緩衝材４００の材質としては、任意の材質を用いることができる。電池パック２００内に溶媒等が含まれるケースにおいては、緩衝材４００の材質は、電池パック２００内の溶媒が漏れ出した場合であっても変質しない材質であることが望ましい。そのような材質としては、ガラス質の材質を例示できる。   The released oxygen fills the gap in the container 110. The released oxygen is accumulated in, for example, the cushioning material 400. The cushioning material 400 may thus function as a tank for oxygen. The cushioning material 400 may be porous. Thus, the cushioning material 400 can provide a storage space for the released oxygen. As the material of the cushioning member 400, any material can be used. In the case where the battery pack 200 contains a solvent or the like, the material of the cushioning material 400 is preferably a material that does not deteriorate even when the solvent in the battery pack 200 leaks out. Examples of such a material include a vitreous material.

製造時点の電池１００の容器１１０内には、気体の酸素が含まれていても、含まれていなくてもよい。製造時点の容器１１０内の気体の状態は、リチウム酸素電池２０１を完全に充電した場合であっても容器１１０が破損しない状態とされてよい。   The container 110 of the battery 100 at the time of manufacture may or may not contain gaseous oxygen. The state of the gas in the container 110 at the time of manufacture may be such that the container 110 is not damaged even when the lithium oxygen battery 201 is fully charged.

容器１１０は、耐圧構造を有してよい。容器１１０は、リチウム酸素電池２０１が完全に充電されて、容器１１０内が、放出された酸素によって高圧状態になった場合であっても破損しない耐圧構造を有してよい。容器１１０の耐圧構造の強度と、製造時点の容器１１０内の気体の状態とは、リチウム酸素電池２０１が完全に充電された場合に容器１１０が破損しないように調整されてよい。これにより、リチウム酸素電池２０１が充電されて容器１１０内の酸素の圧力が高まった場合であっても、容器１１０が破損してしまうことを防止できる。容器１１０外にコンプレッサ及び圧縮酸素タンクを配置して、電池パック２００から放出された酸素を容器１１０に接続したパイプ経由で圧縮して保存することもできるが、その場合と比較して、電池１００の構造を簡易にすることができる。   The container 110 may have a pressure-resistant structure. The container 110 may have a pressure-resistant structure that does not break even when the lithium oxygen battery 201 is fully charged and the inside of the container 110 is in a high-pressure state due to released oxygen. The strength of the pressure-resistant structure of the container 110 and the state of the gas in the container 110 at the time of manufacture may be adjusted so that the container 110 is not damaged when the lithium oxygen battery 201 is fully charged. Thereby, even when the lithium oxygen battery 201 is charged and the pressure of oxygen in the container 110 increases, it is possible to prevent the container 110 from being damaged. Although a compressor and a compressed oxygen tank are arranged outside the container 110, oxygen released from the battery pack 200 can be compressed and stored via a pipe connected to the container 110. Can be simplified.

上述したように、本実施形態に係る電池１００によれば、放電状態の電池パック２００を容器１１０内で密閉しているので、充電したときに、容器１１０内を高圧酸素環境とすることができる。これにより、その後に放電する場合に、リチウム酸素電池２０１の周囲の酸素の圧力を高い状態とすることができ、リチウムと酸素とが反応しやすく、効率的に発電可能な電池１００を実現することができる。   As described above, according to the battery 100 according to the present embodiment, the battery pack 200 in a discharged state is sealed in the container 110, so that when charged, the inside of the container 110 can be in a high-pressure oxygen environment. . Thereby, when discharging thereafter, the pressure of oxygen around the lithium oxygen battery 201 can be set to a high state, and lithium and oxygen easily react with each other, and the battery 100 capable of efficiently generating power can be realized. Can be.

図６に示すように、緩衝材４００は、充電前後において、電池パック２００の上下方向の位置が変化しないように、電池パック２００を取り囲んでいてよい。容器１１０内における緩衝材４００の配分は、充電前後において、電池パック２００の上下方向の位置が変化しない配分であってよい。充電前後において電池パック２００の上下方向の位置が変化しない緩衝材４００の配分は、実験によって定められてよい。   As shown in FIG. 6, the cushioning material 400 may surround the battery pack 200 so that the vertical position of the battery pack 200 does not change before and after charging. The distribution of the cushioning material 400 in the container 110 may be a distribution in which the vertical position of the battery pack 200 does not change before and after charging. The distribution of the cushioning members 400 in which the vertical position of the battery pack 200 does not change before and after charging may be determined by experiments.

また、緩衝材４００の材質は、充電前後において、電池パック２００の上下方向の位置が変化しない材質であってよい。充電前後において電池パック２００の上下方向の位置が変化しない緩衝材４００の材質は、実験によって定められてよい。   Further, the material of the cushioning material 400 may be a material that does not change the vertical position of the battery pack 200 before and after charging. The material of the cushioning material 400 in which the vertical position of the battery pack 200 does not change before and after charging may be determined by experiments.

充電前後において電池パック２００の上下方向の位置が変化しないようにすることによって、電極３００が変形することを防止でき、電極３００の金属疲労を低減することができる。電極３００の金属疲労を低減することによって、電池１００の長寿命化に貢献することができる。   By preventing the vertical position of the battery pack 200 from changing before and after charging, the electrode 300 can be prevented from being deformed, and metal fatigue of the electrode 300 can be reduced. Reducing metal fatigue of the electrode 300 can contribute to prolonging the life of the battery 100.

図７は、電池１００の製造方法の一例を概略的に示す。図７に示す製造方法は、常圧環境内で実行されてよい。図７に示す製造方法は、酸素環境内で実行されてよい。なお、図７に示す製造方法は、真空環境内で実行されてもよい。   FIG. 7 schematically illustrates an example of a method for manufacturing the battery 100. The manufacturing method shown in FIG. 7 may be performed in a normal pressure environment. The manufacturing method shown in FIG. 7 may be performed in an oxygen environment. Note that the manufacturing method shown in FIG. 7 may be executed in a vacuum environment.

ステップ（ステップをＳと省略して記載する場合がある。）１０２では、放電状態の電池パック２００及び緩衝材４００を、開放状態の容器１１０内に配置する。Ｓ１０２は、放電状態のリチウム酸素電池を用意する工程の一例であってよい。   In step (the step may be abbreviated as S) 102, the battery pack 200 and the buffer material 400 in the discharged state are arranged in the container 110 in the open state. S102 may be an example of a step of preparing a lithium oxygen battery in a discharged state.

電極３００の設置には任意の手法が用いられてよい。例えば、予め容器１１０を貫通するように設けられた電極３００を電池パック２００に接続する手法を用いる。また、例えば、容器１１０に孔部を設けておき、電池パック２００から突き出ている電極３００を、その孔部に差し込む手法を用いる。また、例えば、予め容器１１０に埋め込まれた電極３００の一部と、電池パック２００から突き出ている電極３００とを接続する手法を用いる。   Arbitrary techniques may be used for installation of electrode 300. For example, a method of connecting the electrode 300 provided in advance so as to penetrate the container 110 to the battery pack 200 is used. Further, for example, a method is used in which a hole is provided in the container 110 and the electrode 300 protruding from the battery pack 200 is inserted into the hole. Further, for example, a method of connecting a part of the electrode 300 previously embedded in the container 110 and the electrode 300 projecting from the battery pack 200 is used.

Ｓ１０４では、放電状態の電池パック２００及び緩衝材４００を収納した容器１１０を密閉する。容器１１０の密閉には、接着及び溶接等の任意の手法が用いられてよい。以上のステップによって、電池１００が製造される。   In S104, the container 110 containing the discharged battery pack 200 and the cushioning material 400 is sealed. Any method such as adhesion and welding may be used to seal the container 110. Through the above steps, the battery 100 is manufactured.

図８は、電池１００の製造方法の一例を概略的に示す。ここでは、図７と異なる点を主に説明する。Ｓ２０２では、酸素環境内に、充電状態の電池パック２００を配置する。   FIG. 8 schematically illustrates an example of a method for manufacturing the battery 100. Here, differences from FIG. 7 will be mainly described. In S202, the charged battery pack 200 is placed in an oxygen environment.

Ｓ２０４では、酸素環境内で、電池パック２００を放電する。これにより、リチウム酸化物がカーボンナノチューブ２０６に析出している放電状態の電池パック２００が用意される。   In S204, the battery pack 200 is discharged in an oxygen environment. Thus, a battery pack 200 in a discharged state where lithium oxide is deposited on the carbon nanotubes 206 is prepared.

Ｓ２０６では、放電状態の電池パック２００及び緩衝材４００を、開放状態の容器１１０内に配置する。Ｓ２０８では、放電状態の電池パック２００及び緩衝材４００を収納した容器１１０を密閉する。以上のステップによって、電池１００が製造される。   In S206, the battery pack 200 and the cushioning material 400 in the discharged state are placed in the container 110 in the open state. In S208, the container 110 containing the discharged battery pack 200 and the cushioning material 400 is sealed. Through the above steps, the battery 100 is manufactured.

耐圧構造を有する容器内に高圧酸素環境を作り出す方法として、例えば、容器に設けた孔部から酸素を高圧で注入しつつ、当該孔部を封印する加工を行う方法があるが、設備が高額化してしまう上に、封印箇所から酸素が漏れやすくなる可能性がある。このような封印を避ける方法として、製造ラインを高圧酸素で満たしておく方法もあるが、製造ラインのコストが高額化してしまう。これに対して、本実施形態に係る電池１００の製造方法によれば、孔部から酸素を高圧で注入しつつ孔部を封印する処理を必要とせず、製造ラインを高圧酸素で満たす必要もないので、効率的に、放電時に容器１１０内を高圧酸素環境にできる電池１００を製造することができる。   As a method of creating a high-pressure oxygen environment in a container having a pressure-resistant structure, for example, there is a method of sealing the hole while injecting oxygen at a high pressure from a hole provided in the container. In addition, oxygen may easily leak from the sealed portion. As a method of avoiding such sealing, there is a method of filling the production line with high-pressure oxygen. However, the cost of the production line increases. On the other hand, according to the method for manufacturing the battery 100 according to the present embodiment, there is no need to perform a process of sealing the hole while injecting oxygen at a high pressure from the hole, and it is not necessary to fill the manufacturing line with high-pressure oxygen. Therefore, it is possible to efficiently manufacture the battery 100 in which the inside of the container 110 can be set to a high-pressure oxygen environment at the time of discharging.

図９は、緩衝材４００を含まない電池１００の一例を概略的に示す。図９に示すように、電池１００は、緩衝材４００を含まなくてもよい。   FIG. 9 schematically illustrates an example of the battery 100 that does not include the cushioning material 400. As shown in FIG. 9, the battery 100 may not include the cushioning material 400.

緩衝材４００を含まない場合、充電前後において、電池パック２００の上下方向の位置が変化する。そこで、緩衝材４００を含まない場合、変形に対して耐性のある電極３００を用いることが望ましい。例えば、伸縮性を有する電極３００を用いてよい。また、例えば、可撓性を有する電極３００を用いてよい。   If the cushioning member 400 is not included, the vertical position of the battery pack 200 changes before and after charging. Therefore, when the buffer material 400 is not included, it is desirable to use the electrode 300 having resistance to deformation. For example, an electrode 300 having elasticity may be used. Further, for example, a flexible electrode 300 may be used.

以上、本発明を実施の形態を用いて説明したが、本発明の技術的範囲は上記実施の形態に記載の範囲には限定されない。上記実施の形態に、多様な変更または改良を加えることが可能であることが当業者に明らかである。その様な変更または改良を加えた形態も本発明の技術的範囲に含まれ得ることが、特許請求の範囲の記載から明らかである。   As described above, the present invention has been described using the embodiments, but the technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the scope described in the above embodiments. It is apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes or improvements can be made to the above-described embodiment. It is apparent from the description of the appended claims that embodiments with such changes or improvements can be included in the technical scope of the present invention.

特許請求の範囲、明細書、および図面中において示した装置、システム、プログラム、および方法における動作、手順、ステップ、および段階などの各処理の実行順序は、特段「より前に」、「先立って」などと明示しておらず、また、前の処理の出力を後の処理で用いるのでない限り、任意の順序で実現しうることに留意すべきである。特許請求の範囲、明細書、および図面中の動作フローに関して、便宜上「まず、」、「次に、」などを用いて説明したとしても、この順で実施することが必須であることを意味するものではない。   The execution order of each processing such as operation, procedure, step, and stage in the apparatus, system, program, and method shown in the claims, the description, and the drawings is particularly “before”, “before” It should be noted that they can be realized in any order as long as the output of the previous process is not used in the subsequent process. Regarding the operation flow in the claims, the specification, and the drawings, even if it is described using “first,” “second,” or the like for convenience, it means that it is essential to perform the operation in this order. Not something.

１００ 電池、１１０ 容器、１１６ 側面、２００ 電池パック、２０１ リチウム酸素電池、２０２ リチウム負極、２０４ セパレータ、２０６ カーボンナノチューブ、２０８ 電極、３００ 電極、４００ 緩衝材 100 battery, 110 container, 116 side surface, 200 battery pack, 201 lithium oxygen battery, 202 lithium anode, 204 separator, 206 carbon nanotube, 208 electrode, 300 electrode, 400 buffer material

Claims (22)

リチウム酸化物が析出している放電状態のリチウム酸素電池を用意する工程と、
前記放電状態のリチウム酸素電池を収納した容器を密閉する工程と
を備える、電池の製造方法。 A step of preparing a lithium oxygen battery in a discharged state in which lithium oxide is precipitated,
Sealing the container accommodating the discharged lithium oxygen battery. 前記用意する工程は、充電状態のリチウム酸素電池を放電させることによって前記放電状態のリチウム酸素電池を用意する工程を含む、請求項１に記載の電池の製造方法。   The method for manufacturing a battery according to claim 1, wherein the preparing step includes a step of preparing the discharged lithium oxygen battery by discharging the charged lithium oxygen battery. 前記容器は耐圧構造を有する、請求項１又は２に記載の電池の製造方法。   The method for manufacturing a battery according to claim 1, wherein the container has a pressure-resistant structure. 前記密閉する工程は、酸素環境内で前記容器を密閉する工程を含む、請求項１から３のいずれか一項に記載の電池の製造方法。   The method for producing a battery according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the sealing step includes a step of sealing the container in an oxygen environment. 前記密閉する工程は、常圧環境内で前記容器を密閉する工程を含む、請求項１から４のいずれか一項に記載の電池の製造方法。   The method for manufacturing a battery according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the sealing step includes a step of sealing the container in a normal pressure environment. 前記密閉する工程は、真空環境内で前記容器を密閉する工程を含む、請求項１から３のいずれか一項に記載の電池の製造方法。   The method for manufacturing a battery according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the sealing includes sealing the container in a vacuum environment. 前記リチウム酸素電池は、複数のリチウム負極、複数のセパレータ、及び複数のカーボン正極を含む多層構造を有する、請求項１から６のいずれか一項に記載の電池の製造方法。   The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the lithium oxygen battery has a multilayer structure including a plurality of lithium anodes, a plurality of separators, and a plurality of carbon cathodes. 前記多層構造の各層は、リチウム負極、セパレータ、メソポーラスカーボン、グラフェン、カーボンブラック、アセチレンブラック、カーボンナノチューブ、カーボンナノファイバおよびカーボンナノホーンからなる群から選択される多孔質炭素材料、及び金属またはカーボンからなる電極を含む、請求項７に記載の電池の製造方法。   Each layer of the multilayer structure is composed of a lithium anode, a separator, mesoporous carbon, graphene, carbon black, acetylene black, carbon nanotube, a porous carbon material selected from the group consisting of carbon nanofibers and carbon nanohorns, and metal or carbon. The method for producing a battery according to claim 7, comprising an electrode. 前記密閉する工程は、複数の前記リチウム酸素電池を収納した前記容器を密閉する工程を含む、請求項１から８のいずれか一項に記載の電池の製造方法。   The battery manufacturing method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the sealing step includes a step of sealing the container containing the plurality of lithium oxygen batteries. 前記複数のリチウム酸素電池のそれぞれは電池パックに収容されている、請求項９に記載の電池の製造方法。   The method according to claim 9, wherein each of the plurality of lithium oxygen batteries is housed in a battery pack. 前記密閉する工程は、前記複数のリチウム酸素電池と、前記複数のリチウム酸素電池のそれぞれを取り囲む緩衝材とを収納した前記容器を密閉する工程を含む、請求項９又は１０に記載の電池の製造方法。   The manufacturing of the battery according to claim 9, wherein the sealing step includes a step of sealing the container that stores the plurality of lithium oxygen batteries and a cushioning material surrounding each of the plurality of lithium oxygen batteries. Method. 前記複数のリチウム酸素電池は、前記容器の外まで突き出した電極を有する、請求項９から１１のいずれか一項に記載の電池の製造方法。   The method for manufacturing a battery according to any one of claims 9 to 11, wherein the plurality of lithium oxygen batteries have electrodes protruding outside the container. 耐圧構造を有する気密容器と、
前記気密容器内に収納されたリチウム酸素電池と
を備える電池。 An airtight container having a pressure-resistant structure,
A lithium oxygen battery housed in the airtight container. 前記気密容器内に酸素タンクを含まない、請求項１３に記載の電池。   14. The battery according to claim 13, wherein the airtight container does not include an oxygen tank. 前記リチウム酸素電池が充電状態であるときの前記気密容器内の気圧は、前記リチウム酸素電池が放電状態であるときの前記気密容器内の気圧よりも大きい、請求項１３又は１４に記載の電池。   15. The battery according to claim 13, wherein an air pressure in the airtight container when the lithium oxygen battery is in a charged state is higher than an air pressure in the airtight container when the lithium oxygen battery is in a discharged state. 前記リチウム酸素電池は、複数のリチウム負極、複数のセパレータ、及び複数のカーボン正極を含む多層構造を有する、請求項１３から１５のいずれか一項に記載の電池。   The battery according to any one of claims 13 to 15, wherein the lithium oxygen battery has a multilayer structure including a plurality of lithium anodes, a plurality of separators, and a plurality of carbon cathodes. 前記多層構造の各層は、リチウム負極、セパレータ、カーボンナノチューブ、及びカーボン電極を含む、請求項１６に記載の電池。   17. The battery according to claim 16, wherein each layer of the multilayer structure includes a lithium negative electrode, a separator, a carbon nanotube, and a carbon electrode. 前記気密容器内に複数の前記リチウム酸素電池が収納されている、請求項１３から１７のいずれか一項に記載の電池。   The battery according to any one of claims 13 to 17, wherein a plurality of the lithium oxygen batteries are housed in the airtight container. 前記複数のリチウム酸素電池のそれぞれは電池パックに収容されている、請求項１８に記載の電池。   19. The battery according to claim 18, wherein each of the plurality of lithium oxygen batteries is housed in a battery pack. 前記気密容器内に前記複数のリチウム酸素電池と、前記複数のリチウム酸素電池のそれぞれを取り囲む緩衝材とが収納されている、請求項１８又は１９に記載の電池。   20. The battery according to claim 18, wherein the plurality of lithium oxygen batteries and a cushioning material surrounding each of the plurality of lithium oxygen batteries are accommodated in the airtight container. 前記複数のリチウム酸素電池は、前記気密容器の上下方向に積層されている、請求項１８から２０のいずれか一項に記載の電池。   The battery according to any one of claims 18 to 20, wherein the plurality of lithium oxygen batteries are stacked vertically in the airtight container. 前記リチウム酸素電池から、前記気密容器の横方向に前記気密容器の外まで突き出した電極を有する、請求項２１に記載の電池。   22. The battery according to claim 21, comprising an electrode protruding from the lithium oxygen battery in a lateral direction of the airtight container to outside the airtight container.
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