JP2019213254A - Driving device, and vehicle with the same - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a driving device downsized to make the device a highly efficient one.SOLUTION: A driving device 100 includes a first motor 11, a second motor 12, a first output axis 13 and a second output axis 14. The second motor enables output of rotation power in a speed region different from that of the first motor. The first output axis has a hollow part extending to an axis core part in an axial direction, and rotates by the power from the first motor. The second output axis is inserted into the hollow part and rotates by the power from the second motor. The first motor and the second motor, and the first output axis and the second output axis are coaxially arranged respectively.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a drive device and a vehicle including the drive device.

  In recent years, instead of mechanically driving an object to be driven using an internal combustion engine as in the past, techniques for electrically driving have been gradually developed. As a specific example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2013-219942 discloses a technique for electrically propelling an automobile as a driving object.

  In the drive part of the electric vehicle disclosed in JP 2013-219942 A, both a synchronous motor (6) and an induction motor (6A) are arranged as motors for driving the front wheels (3) or the rear wheels (2). The motor to be used is switched according to the vehicle speed. Specifically, as disclosed in FIG. 7 of Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2013-219942, the rotation output shafts of the synchronous motor (6) and the induction motor (6A) are arranged so as to face each other. However, it is said that it is connected to the use motor switching means (40) using a clutch etc., and a wheel is connected to this clutch etc. via a differential unit (41) etc.

In the electric vehicle disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2013-219942, the power train for transmitting the rotational power generated by the drive source (6, 6A) to the wheels (2, 3) is mainly electrically configured. The number of parts can be greatly reduced as compared with the case of the configuration. As a result, it is considered that the drive unit can be reduced in size and weight, and a certain degree of efficiency can be achieved.
JP 2013-219942 A

  However, when the synchronous motor (6), induction motor (6A), and used motor switching means (40) are arranged side by side as shown in FIG. It was difficult to design the dimension in the direction along the axis short. For this reason, it has been desired to further increase the efficiency and reduce the energy saving effect by further downsizing the drive unit.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and a potential object thereof is to reduce the size of the drive device, increase the efficiency, and to enhance the energy saving effect.

  The problems to be solved by the present invention are as described above. Next, means for solving the problems and the effects thereof will be described.

  In an aspect of the present invention, a drive device including a first electric motor, a second electric motor, a first output shaft, and a second output shaft is provided. The second motor can output rotation in a speed region different from that of the first motor. The first output shaft has a hollow portion extending in the axial direction at the shaft center portion, and rotates by power from the first electric motor. The second output shaft is inserted into the hollow portion and is rotated by power from the second electric motor. The first electric motor, the second electric motor, the first output shaft, and the second output shaft are arranged coaxially.

  According to the viewpoint of this invention, a 1st electric motor, a 2nd electric motor, a 1st output shaft, and a 2nd output shaft can be arrange | positioned compactly. Therefore, the drive device can be downsized, the efficiency can be increased, and the energy saving effect can be enhanced.

FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the drive device according to the first embodiment. FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a vehicle including the drive device according to the first embodiment. FIG. 3 is a side view showing the configuration of the speed reducer provided in the drive device according to the first embodiment. FIG. 4 is a side view showing a configuration of a clutch mechanism provided in the drive device according to the first embodiment. FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a vehicle including the drive device according to the second embodiment.

  Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present application will be described with reference to the drawings. In the present application, the direction in which the vehicle moves forward and backward is referred to as “front-rear direction”, the direction parallel to the axle connecting the left and right wheels of the vehicle as “axial direction” or “left-right direction”, and the direction perpendicular to the axial direction. Will be described as “radial direction” and a direction along a circle centered on the axle as “circumferential direction”.

<1. First Embodiment>
<1-1. Schematic configuration of drive device>
Hereinafter, the driving apparatus 100 according to the first embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4. First, the overall configuration of the vehicle 1 as a driving object and the driving device 100 for traveling mounted on the vehicle 1 will be described. FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a driving device 100 according to the present embodiment. FIG. 2 shows a schematic configuration of a power transmission system of the vehicle 1 including the drive device 100 according to the present embodiment.

  The drive device 100 of this embodiment is mounted on a vehicle 1 on which a driver is boarded. The vehicle 1 may be, for example, an automobile, or may be a work vehicle for a specific use such as agriculture or construction / civil engineering. The vehicle 1 shown in FIG. 2 has front wheels (not shown) and rear wheels 2L, 2R, and the front wheels 2L, 2R are driven forward by driving one of the two electric motors 11, 12 described later. Proceed backwards. Further, the vehicle 1 includes a differential device 5 between the left rear wheel 2L and the right rear wheel 2R. The differential 5 absorbs the speed difference between the left rear wheel 2L and the right rear wheel 2R when the vehicle 1 turns, and transmits the power from the motors 11 and 12 to the left rear wheel 2L and the right side. It distributes and transmits to the rear wheel 2R. By mounting the drive device 100 according to this embodiment, the vehicle 1 can travel straight and turn in a wide speed range.

  Below, the structure of the drive device 100 which concerns on this embodiment is demonstrated in detail. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the driving device 100 includes a first electric motor 11, a second electric motor 12, a first output shaft 13, a second output shaft 14, a speed reducer 15, and a clutch mechanism 16. A housing 18, a rotation transmission member 19, and a controller 20. A combination of the differential 5, the first output shaft 13, the second output shaft 14, the speed reducer 15, the clutch mechanism 16, and the rotation transmission member 19 is referred to as a “power transmission system”. There is a case.

  The first electric motor 11 is a drive source that is selectively used to drive the vehicle 1. The first electric motor 11 of the present embodiment is a so-called outer rotor type motor in which the magnet 139 of the rotor 131 is disposed on the radially outer side of the stator. The rotation generated by the first electric motor 11 is transmitted to the left and right rear wheels 2L and 2R via the power transmission system shown in FIGS. In the present embodiment, the controller 20 controls the amount of electric power supplied to the first electric motor 11 so that the rotation generated by the first electric motor 11 can be changed steplessly. In addition, the 1st electric motor 11 of this embodiment is a DC motor.

  The second electric motor 12 is a drive source that is selectively used to drive the vehicle 1. The second electric motor 12 can output rotation in a higher speed region than the first electric motor 11. The second electric motor 12 of the present embodiment is a so-called inner rotor type motor in which a rotor 141 is disposed on the radially inner side of a cylindrical stator. The rotation generated by the second electric motor 12 is transmitted to the left and right rear wheels 2L and 2R via the power transmission system shown in FIGS. In the present embodiment, the amount of electric power supplied to the second electric motor 12 is controlled by the controller 20 so that the rotation generated by the second electric motor 12 can be changed steplessly.

  The 1st output shaft 13 is a cylindrical shaft which has the hollow part 13a extended in an axial direction in an axial center part. The first output shaft 13 is rotated by the power from the decelerated first electric motor 11. Specifically, a cylindrical portion 132 that is a cylindrical shaft is provided in the axial center portion of the rotor 131 of the first electric motor 11, and power from the first electric motor 11 is extracted as rotation of the cylindrical portion 132. In other words, the cylindrical portion 132 functions as the output shaft of the first electric motor 11. The rotation of the cylindrical portion 132 is taken out as the rotation of the first output shaft 13 after being decelerated by the speed reducer 15. The first output shaft 13 is provided coaxially with the cylindrical portion 132. As will be described in detail later, the first output shaft 13 forms a part of a carrier 154 provided in the speed reducer 15.

  The second output shaft 14 is a cylindrical shaft that is rotated by the power from the second electric motor 12. The second output shaft 14 is provided at the axial center of the rotor 141. In other words, the second output shaft 14 functions as the output shaft of the second electric motor 12. The second output shaft 14 is inserted into the hollow portion of the cylindrical portion 132 and the hollow portion 13 a of the first output shaft 13. The end of the second output shaft 14 opposite to the side on which the second electric motor 12 is disposed protrudes outward from the hollow portion 13a.

  The speed reducer 15 decelerates the rotation of the cylindrical portion 132 and inputs it to the first output shaft 13. The reduction gear 15 of this embodiment has a planetary friction type reduction mechanism. The reduction gear 15 is arranged so as to be aligned with the first electric motor 11 and the second electric motor 12 in the axial direction. The configuration of the speed reducer 15 will be described in detail later.

  The clutch mechanism 16 shown in FIG. 2 has a first speed state in which the rotation in the first direction of the first output shaft 13 is transmitted to the subsequent stage, and a second speed in which the rotation in the first direction of the second output shaft 14 is transmitted to the subsequent stage. It is a mechanism that can be switched between states. The clutch mechanism 16 of this embodiment includes an output transmission member 161. The output transmission member 161 is a gear having external teeth. The shaft center portion of the output transmission member 161 is provided coaxially with the first output shaft 13 and the second output shaft 14. A more detailed configuration of the clutch mechanism 16 will be described later.

  The reverse rotation output transmission member 17 included in the clutch mechanism 16 is a member for transmitting the rotation of the first output shaft 13 in the second direction, which is opposite to the first direction, to the subsequent stage. The reverse rotation output transmission member 17 is a gear having external teeth. The reverse output transmission member 17 is fixed to the outer peripheral portion of the first output shaft 13.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the housing 18 includes a first electric motor 11, a second electric motor 12, at least a part of the first output shaft 13, at least a part of the second output shaft 14, and a speed reducer 15. , Is a case for housing. At least one part in the circumferential direction of the end portion (left end portion) on one side in the axial direction of the housing 18 is exposed to the outside. In the portion exposed to the outside, the clutch mechanism 16 and a rotation transmission member 19 described later are connected.

  The rotation transmission member 19 is a gear having external teeth that selectively mesh with external teeth of the output transmission member 161 or external teeth of the reverse rotation output transmission member 17. The rotation transmitting member 19 is displaced (shifted) in the axial direction when the driver operates an operation tool (not shown) mounted on the vehicle 1. The rotation of the rotation transmitting member 19 is transmitted to a differential input gear (not shown) of the differential device 5. As a result, the power from the first motor 11 or the second motor 12 is transmitted from the power transmission system to the left and right rear wheels 2L, 2R.

  The controller 20 controls the operation of the first motor 11 and the second motor 12 by controlling the amount of power supplied to the first motor 11 and the second motor 12. For the controller 20, for example, a circuit board including a processor such as a CPU is used. In the first speed state, the controller 20 supplies electric power to the first electric motor 11 while interrupting supply of electric power to the second electric motor 12. In the second speed state, the controller 20 supplies power to the second electric motor 12 while cutting off supply of electric power to the first electric motor 11. Further, the controller 20 rotates the first output shaft 13 and the second output shaft 14 when switching from one of the first speed state and the second speed state to the other of the first speed state and the second speed state. Synchronize with rotation.

  In the vehicle 1 including the drive device 100 configured as described above, in the first speed state, from the cylindrical portion 132 to the first output shaft 13 via the speed reducer 15, from the first output shaft 13 to the output transmission member 161, The rotation of the low-speed region in the first direction is transmitted from the output transmission member 161 to the rotation transmission member 19 and from the rotation transmission member 19 to the differential device 5, and the rear wheels 2L and 2R are driven at low speed. On the other hand, in the second speed state, from the second output shaft 14 to the output transmission member 161, from the output transmission member 161 to the rotation transmission member 19, and from the rotation transmission member 19 to the differential device 5, The rotation is transmitted and the rear wheels 2L and 2R are driven at high speed. Further, in the reverse rotation drive state, the rotation from the cylindrical portion 132 to the first output shaft 13 via the speed reducer 15, the first output shaft 13 to the reverse rotation output transmission member 17, and the reverse rotation output transmission member 17 to the rotation transmission member 19. The rotation in the second direction is transmitted from the transmission member 19 to the differential device 5, and the rear wheels 2L and 2R are driven in reverse. In this case, the vehicle 1 moves backward.

<1-2. Reducer configuration>
Below, with reference to FIGS. 1-3, the structure of the reduction gear 15 with which the drive device 100 of this embodiment is provided is demonstrated in detail. FIG. 3 is a side view showing the configuration of the speed reducer 15 according to the present embodiment, and shows the carrier 154 in a cut-away manner in the right half.

  The speed reducer 15 of this embodiment has a traction type planetary mechanism. Specifically, the speed reducer 15 mainly includes a sun roller 151, a plurality of planetary rollers 152, a carrier 154, a pair of track rings 155, and a pressing member 156.

  The sun roller 151 is a cylindrical member. The cylindrical portion 132 is press-fitted inside the solar roller 151 in the radial direction, so that the solar roller 151 is coupled to the cylindrical portion 132. When the first electric motor 11 is driven, the cylindrical portion 132 and the sun roller 151 are integrally rotated on the same axis.

  The plurality of planetary rollers 152 is a substantially disk-shaped member disposed around the sun roller 151. As shown in FIG. 3, in this embodiment, four planetary rollers 152 are arranged at equal intervals around the sun roller 151. Each planetary roller 152 includes a large-diameter portion 152a, a small-diameter portion 152b provided coaxially on both axial sides of the large-diameter portion 152a, and a rotating shaft 152c provided coaxially on both axial sides of the small-diameter portion 152b. Have. The outer diameter of the small diameter part 152b is smaller than the outer diameter of the large diameter part 152a.

  The outer peripheral surface of the large-diameter portion 152 a of the planetary roller 152 is in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the sun roller 151. A tapered surface (not shown) that decreases in diameter as it moves away from the large diameter portion 152a is provided at the end of the small diameter portion 152b opposite to the large diameter portion 152a in the axial direction. A track ring 155 described later contacts this tapered surface.

  The carrier 154 is a member that includes the first output shaft 13 in part, and is arranged coaxially with the cylindrical portion 132. The carrier 154 is accommodated in the housing 18 so as to be rotatable with respect to the second output shaft 14. A rotating shaft 152 c is supported on the outer peripheral portion of the carrier 154 via a receiving member 158. The rotation shafts 152 c of the plurality of planetary rollers 152 are arranged at equal intervals along the circumferential direction of the carrier 154. In the present embodiment, the first output shaft 13 is included in the carrier 154. However, the present invention is not necessarily limited to this, and the first output shaft 13 and the carrier 154 may be separate members.

  The pair of track rings 155 are annular members. The pair of track rings 155 are arranged to face both sides in the axial direction of the large diameter portion 152a of the planetary roller 152. The track ring 155 has an inclined surface (not shown) whose radial dimension decreases as the distance from the large diameter portion 152a increases in the axial direction. This inclined surface is in surface contact with the tapered surface of the small diameter portion 152b of the planetary roller 152. That is, the pair of track rings 155 contact the planetary roller 152 from both sides in the axial direction.

  The pressing member 156 is a member that presses the track ring 155 in the axial direction against the planetary roller 152 with a force corresponding to the rotational force of the cylindrical portion 132. As shown in FIG. 3, the pressing member 156 of this embodiment includes a plurality of pressure adjusting cams 159. The plurality of pressure adjusting cams 159 are connected to the input ring (first motor 11 side) of the pair of track rings 155 and the output side (output transmission member 161 side) of the pair of track rings. Press in a direction approaching the track ring 155. The pressure adjusting cam 159 generates a biasing force in the axial direction by using a rotational torque centered on the cylindrical portion 132. As a result, the inclined surface of the track ring 155 on the input side is pressed against the tapered surface of the small-diameter portion 152b of the planetary roller 152 with a pressing force corresponding to the load.

  When the planetary roller 152 is pushed by the input-side track ring 155, the planetary roller 152 is sandwiched between the inclined surface of the output-side track ring 155 and the inclined surface of the input-side track ring 155. Then, the planetary roller 152 is pressed toward the sun roller 151 by pressing the tapered surface of the small diameter portion 152b by the inclined surface of the track ring 155. As a result, the planetary roller 152 and the sun roller 151 are maintained in contact with each other.

  As described above, a frictional force corresponding to the rotational force of the cylindrical portion 132 is always generated between the sun roller 151 and the planetary roller 152 and between the planetary roller 152 and the track ring 155. For this reason, when the sun roller 151 rotates, the plurality of planetary rollers 152 receives power from the sun roller 151 and rotates by friction with the sun roller 151. The plurality of planetary rollers 152 revolve around the cylindrical portion 132 along the track ring 155 due to friction with the track ring 155. At this time, the revolution speed of the planetary roller 152 is lower than the revolution speed of the cylindrical portion 132 as the output shaft of the first electric motor 11. Thus, the rotation generated by the first electric motor 11 is changed (decelerated) by the speed reducer 15 and transmitted to the carrier 154 (first output shaft 13).

<1-3. Configuration of clutch mechanism>
Below, with reference to FIG. 2 and FIG. 4, the structure of the clutch mechanism 16 with which the drive device 100 of this embodiment is provided is demonstrated in detail.

  The clutch mechanism 16 of the present embodiment includes a first one-way clutch 163 and a second one-way clutch 164 in addition to the output transmission member 161 and the reverse rotation output transmission member 17 described above.

  The above-described output transmission member 161 transmits rotation in the first direction from either the first output shaft 13 or the second output shaft 14 to the rear wheels 2L and 2R via the rotation transmission member 19 and the differential device 5. introduce.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the first one-way clutch 163 is interposed between the first output shaft 13 and the output transmission member 161. More specifically, the first one-way clutch 163 is a so-called sprag type one-way clutch having the first output shaft 13 as an inner ring, the output transmission member 161 as an outer ring, and a plurality of sprags between the inner ring and the outer ring. is there. The first one-way clutch 163 transmits the rotation in the first direction from the first output shaft 13 as the inner ring to the output transmission member 161 as the outer ring by the sprags being stretched between the inner ring and the outer ring. to enable. In FIG. 4, the “first direction” in the present embodiment is indicated by an arrow. On the other hand, the first one-way clutch 163 cannot transmit rotation in the first direction from the output transmission member 161 as the outer ring to the first output shaft 13 as the inner ring because the sprag slides between the inner ring and the outer ring. To.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the second one-way clutch 164 is interposed between the second output shaft 14 and the output transmission member 161. More specifically, the second one-way clutch 164 is a so-called sprag type one-way clutch having the second output shaft 14 as an inner ring, the output transmission member 161 as an outer ring, and a plurality of sprags between the inner ring and the outer ring. is there. The second one-way clutch 164 transmits the rotation in the first direction from the second output shaft 14 as the inner ring to the output transmission member 161 as the outer ring by the sprags being stretched between the inner ring and the outer ring. to enable. On the other hand, the second one-way clutch 164 cannot transmit rotation in the first direction from the output transmission member 161 as the outer ring to the second output shaft 14 as the inner ring because the sprag slides between the inner ring and the outer ring. To.

  In the vehicle 1 having the drive device 100 configured as described above, when the vehicle 1 is driven in the low speed region (0 to Vkm / h), the first electric motor 11 is used as a drive source, while the vehicle 1 is used in the high speed region. When driving at (V km / h or more), the second electric motor 12 is used as a drive source. Thus, even when the traveling speed of the vehicle 1 is fast or slow, efficient traveling can be realized in a wide speed region by using the appropriate electric motor as a driving source for traveling.

  Switching between the low speed drive and the high speed drive is automatically performed by appropriately operating the clutch mechanism 16 by simple speed control by the controller 20.

  Below, the process which the controller 20 performs in order to switch the electric motors 11 and 12 used as a drive source smoothly according to the travel speed area | region of the vehicle 1 is demonstrated in detail.

  When the vehicle 1 is moved forward, the external teeth of the rotation transmission member 19 are kept in mesh with the external teeth of the output transmission member 161 by the operation of the above-described operation tool performed by the driver. In this state, when the driver instructs the vehicle to travel in a low speed region less than Vkm / h by operating a speed change operation tool (not shown), the controller 20 causes the first electric motor 11 to Supply an amount of power according to the instructions. Thereby, the 1st electric motor 11 is driven and the cylindrical part 132 as an output shaft of the said 1st electric motor 11 rotates in a 1st direction. The rotation of the cylindrical portion 132 is decelerated by the speed reducer 15 and transmitted to the first output shaft 13. As a result, the first output shaft 13 rotates in the first direction, and the sprag of the first one-way clutch 163 stretches between the inner ring and the outer ring, whereby the rotation in the first direction is transmitted to the output transmission member 161. Is done. At this time, with respect to the second one-way clutch 164, the output transmission member 161 as the outer ring rotates in the first direction, so that the sprag slides between the inner ring and the outer ring. Therefore, the rotation is not transmitted from the output transmission member 161 to the second output shaft 14. In this state, the controller 20 maintains the state where the supply of electric power to the second electric motor 12 is cut off. Thus, only the power from the first electric motor 11 is transmitted to the rear wheels 2L and 2R via the rotation transmission member 19 and the differential device 5.

  Thereafter, when the vehicle speed reaches Vkm / h as a result of the driver gradually accelerating the vehicle 1, the controller 20 causes the second electric motor 12 to rotate in synchronization with the first output shaft 13. Start supplying power to Thereby, the second output shaft 14 starts to rotate in the first direction. In the process of accelerating the rotation of the second output shaft 14 by the controller 20 gradually increasing the amount of power supplied to the second electric motor 12 (0 to less than Vkm / h), the second one-way clutch 164. Since the rotation of the outer ring (output transmission member 161) in the first direction is faster than the rotation of the inner ring (second output shaft 14) in the first direction, the sprags still slipped between the inner ring and the outer ring. The state remains. Therefore, the state where only the power from the first electric motor 11 is transmitted to the rear wheels 2L and 2R via the rotation transmission member 19 is maintained.

  After that, when the controller 20 further increases the amount of power supplied to the second electric motor 12, the second one-way when the rotational speed in the first direction of the second output shaft 14 slightly exceeds Vkm / h. The sprags of the clutch 164 are stretched between the inner ring and the outer ring. As a result, the rotation of the second output shaft 14 in the first direction is transmitted to the output transmission member 161 as the outer ring. When this state is reached, the controller 20 interrupts the supply of power to the first electric motor 11. As a result, the output transmission member 161 is rotated in the first direction by transmitting the rotation from the second output shaft 14. At this time, regarding the first one-way clutch 163, the output transmission member 161 as the outer ring rotates in the first direction at a speed exceeding the inner ring (first output shaft 13), so that the sprag slides between the inner ring and the outer ring. It becomes. Therefore, rotation is not transmitted from the output transmission member 161 to the first output shaft 13. Thus, only the power from the second electric motor 12 is transmitted to the rear wheels 2L and 2R via the rotation transmission member 19.

  When the driver instructs the vehicle to travel in a high speed region of Vkm / h or more by operating a speed change operation tool (not shown), the controller 20 responds to the driver's instruction to the second electric motor 12. Supply the amount of power. Thereby, the 2nd output shaft 14 as an output shaft of the 2nd electric motor 12 rotates in the 1st direction. The rotation of the second output shaft 14 in the first direction is transmitted to the output transmission member 161 via the second one-way clutch 164, and further to the rear wheels 2L and 2R via the rotation transmission member 19 and the differential device 5. Communicated.

  Thus, in the present embodiment, an appropriate one of the electric motors 11 and 12 is selectively used for traveling according to the traveling speed region of the vehicle 1.

  Even when the traveling speed of the vehicle 1 is decelerated from the high speed region to the low speed region, the controller 20 synchronously rotates the first output shaft 13 and the second output shaft 14 at the time of switching, and is used as a drive source. The electric motor can be smoothly switched from the second electric motor 12 to the first electric motor 11. As described above, in the present embodiment, the simple switching between the high speed driving and the low speed driving can be performed automatically and smoothly by the simple speed control by the controller 20.

  As described above, the drive device 100 of the present embodiment includes the first electric motor 11, the second electric motor 12, the first output shaft 13 having the hollow portion 13a extending in the axial direction in the axial center portion, and the hollow portion. And a second output shaft 14 inserted into 13a. Moreover, the 1st electric motor 11, the 2nd electric motor 12, the 1st output shaft 13, and the 2nd output shaft 14 are arrange | positioned coaxially. Thereby, the 1st electric motor 11, the 2nd electric motor 12, the 1st output shaft 13, and the 2nd output shaft 14 can be arranged compactly. Therefore, the drive device 100 can be reduced in size and weight, and an energy saving effect can be expected.

  In addition, the driving apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment has a clutch mechanism that can be switched between a first speed state that enables driving in a low speed region and a second speed state that enables driving in a high speed region. 16 is further provided. Thereby, it is possible to switch which of the first electric motor 11 and the second electric motor 12 is used to drive the vehicle 1 when the vehicle 1 is driven at a low speed or at a high speed. Therefore, the vehicle 1 can be driven efficiently by using the appropriate electric motor 11 (12) as a drive source during both low-speed driving and high-speed driving.

  In the driving device 100 according to the present embodiment, the controller 20 outputs the first output when switching from one of the first speed state and the second speed state to the other of the first speed state and the second speed state. The rotation of the shaft 13 and the rotation of the second output shaft 14 are synchronized. This makes it possible to smoothly switch between low speed driving and high speed driving. Therefore, power can be stably transmitted to the rear wheels 2L and 2R of the vehicle 1 in a wide speed range.

  Further, the controller 20 interrupts the supply of electric power to the second electric motor 12 in the first speed state, and interrupts the supply of electric power to the first electric motor 11 in the second speed state. As a result, the electric motor 11 (12) which is not used for driving the vehicle 1 out of the two electric motors 11 and 12 can be prevented from supplying electric power, which can contribute to energy saving.

  In the drive device 100 according to the present embodiment, the clutch mechanism 16 includes an output transmission member 161, a first one-way clutch 163, and a second one-way clutch 164. Thereby, switching between high-speed driving and low-speed driving can be automatically performed by simple speed control by the controller 20.

  The clutch mechanism 16 further includes a reverse rotation output transmission member 17. Accordingly, the vehicle 1 can be driven to rotate in reverse using the power transmitted from the reverse rotation output transmission member 17. At this time, since the first one-way clutch 163 and the second one-way clutch 164 idle, the second electric motor 12 can be kept stopped.

  Further, in the drive device 100 according to the present embodiment, the first electric motor 11 can output the rotation in the lower speed region than the second electric motor 12. The drive device 100 also includes a speed reducer 15 that decelerates rotation from the first electric motor 11. Thereby, the 1st electric motor 111 can be reduced in size and the energy-saving effect can be anticipated.

  In addition, the drive device 100 according to this embodiment includes a housing that houses the motors 11 and 12, the speed reducer 15, at least a part of the first output shaft 13, and at least a part of the second output shaft 14. 18 is provided. Thereby, each part of the drive device 100 can be accommodated in one housing 18 and can be easily handled as an assembly.

  In the drive device 100 according to the present embodiment, the speed reducer 15 is a planetary friction type. Thereby, the motive power from the 1st electric motor 11 can be reliably decelerated with the mechanical reduction gear 15. Moreover, a high reduction ratio can be obtained with the small reduction gear 15 while suppressing noise and vibration.

  In the driving device 100 according to the present embodiment, the speed reducer 15 includes a sun roller 151, a planetary roller 152, a pair of track rings 155, and a pressing member 156. The planetary roller 152 has a large diameter portion 152a and a small diameter portion 152b. Thus, friction force can be generated between the sun roller 151 and the planetary roller 152 and between the planetary roller 152 and the track ring 155 by the pressing force of the pressing member 156. Therefore, the planetary roller 152 can be rotated and revolved with high accuracy. Further, the location where the planetary roller 152 contacts the track ring 155 is closer to the rotating shaft 152 c of the planetary roller 152 than the location where the planetary roller 152 contacts the sun roller 151. With this configuration, the revolution speed of the planetary roller 152 can be slowed down, and significant deceleration can be realized.

  Further, the pressing member 156 in the drive device 100 according to the present embodiment is configured by a pressure adjusting cam 159 that generates an urging force in the axial direction by using a rotational torque centered on the cylindrical portion 132. As a result, a pressing force corresponding to the load can be applied between the sun roller 151 and the planetary roller 152 and between the planetary roller 152 and the track ring 155. Therefore, even if the load fluctuates, the vehicle 1 can be continuously driven efficiently and stably.

  In the drive device 100 according to the present embodiment, the first electric motor 11 for low-speed driving is a DC motor. Thereby, for example, when the vehicle 1 as the driving object is started to travel at a low speed, the first motor 11 is used as a driving source for traveling, so that high acceleration performance can be exhibited. Therefore, smooth and powerful acceleration when the vehicle 1 starts is possible.

  In the drive device 100 according to the present embodiment, the first electric motor 11 is an outer rotor type. Thereby, the 1st electric motor 11, the 2nd electric motor 12, the 1st output shaft 13, and the 2nd output shaft 14 can be rationally arranged in space saving.

  In addition, the vehicle 1 according to the present embodiment includes a drive device 100, a differential device 5, and a pair of rear wheels 2L and 2R. Thereby, the vehicle 1 can be efficiently traveled both in the low speed region and in the high speed region. Further, the power train from the drive source (electric motors 11 and 12) of the vehicle 1 to the rear wheels 2L and 2R can be configured compactly with a small number of parts.

<2. Second Embodiment>
Below, with reference to FIG. 5, the drive device 200 which concerns on 2nd Embodiment is demonstrated. The drive device 200 according to the second embodiment is mainly different from the drive device 100 according to the first embodiment in that a clutch mechanism 26 is provided instead of the clutch mechanism 16. In the following, members having the same configuration and function as those shown in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted.

  The clutch mechanism 26 includes a first gear 261 and a second gear 262.

  The first gear 261 has external teeth that mesh with the rotation transmission member (output transmission gear) 19. The first gear 261 is coupled to the first output shaft 13 by press-fitting the first output shaft 13 together with the key into the shaft center portion of the first gear 261. When the first electric motor 11 is driven, the first output shaft 13 and the first gear 261 are integrally rotated on the same axis.

  The second gear 262 has external teeth that mesh with the rotation transmission member 19. When the second output shaft 14 is press-fitted into the shaft center portion of the second gear 262 together with the key, the second gear 262 is coupled to the second output shaft 14. When the second electric motor 12 is driven, the second output shaft 14 and the second gear 262 are integrally rotated on the same axis.

  The rotation transmission member 19 is selectively meshed with one of the first gear 261 and the second gear 262 by being displaced (shifted) in the axial direction according to the operation of the driver. Also in the present embodiment, when the gear meshing with the rotation transmission member 19 is changed from one of the first gear 261 and the second gear 262 to the other of the first gear 261 and the second gear 262, the controller 20 The rotation of the first gear 261 and the second gear 262 is synchronized.

  Even in the configuration of the present embodiment, the first motor 11 is used as a driving source for driving the vehicle 1 with a simple configuration that changes the meshing of the gears, and the second motor 12 is used as a driving source for driving the vehicle 1. Can be smoothly switched.

<3. Other variations>
As mentioned above, although exemplary embodiment of this invention was described, this invention is not limited to said embodiment.

  In the above embodiment, the speed reducer 15 is provided with a planetary friction type reduction mechanism, but is not necessarily limited thereto, and may be provided with a planetary gear type reduction mechanism, for example, instead of the above. . In that case, the power from the electric motors 11 and 12 can be greatly reduced by a simple gear-type reduction gear, and particularly, a large torque can be reliably transmitted. Further, a high reduction ratio can be obtained with the small reduction gear 15.

  In the above embodiment, the speed reducer 15 includes a one-stage planetary speed reduction mechanism. However, the invention is not limited to this, and a plurality of planetary reduction mechanisms may be provided. Note that a planetary friction type reduction mechanism and a planetary gear type reduction mechanism may be combined to form a plurality of stages.

  As shown in FIGS. 1, 2 and 5, in the above embodiment, the first electric motor 11 is a radial gap type motor. However, the present invention is not necessarily limited thereto. For example, instead of the above, the first electric motor 11 may be an axial gap type motor. In that case, the first electric motor 11 used for low-speed driving can be further reduced in size, and particularly efficient driving can be realized in the low-speed region.

  In the above embodiment, the first motor 11 for low-speed driving is a DC motor. However, in addition to or instead of this, the second motor 12 for high-speed driving may be an AC motor. In that case, when the vehicle 1 as a driving object is traveled over a long distance at a high speed, the second electric motor 12 is used as a driving source for traveling, so that the torque is kept low and the vehicle 1 is continuously and efficiently traveled. be able to.

  In the above embodiment, the one-way clutches 163 and 164 are sprags, but the invention is not necessarily limited to this. For example, instead of the above, the one-way clutches 163 and 164 may be cam type.

  In the above-described embodiment, the driving devices 100 and 200 are used for driving the rear wheels 2L and 2R of the vehicle 1, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, instead of the above, the driving device 100 (200) may be used for driving the front wheels of the vehicle.

  In the above embodiment, the driving devices 100 and 200 are used for running the vehicle 1, but the driving target is not necessarily limited to the vehicle 1. For example, the driven object may be a home appliance such as a hair dryer or a washing machine.

  Further, the detailed configuration of the driving device 100, for example, the number of gears and the like may be different from those shown in the drawings of the present application. Moreover, you may combine suitably each element which appeared in said embodiment or modification in the range without a contradiction.

  The present application can be used for a drive device and a vehicle including the drive device.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Vehicle 2L (Left) Rear wheel 2R (Right) Rear wheel 5 Differential gear 11 1st electric motor 12 2nd electric motor 13 1st output shaft 13a Hollow part 14 2nd output shaft 15 Reducer 16 Clutch mechanism 161 Output transmission Member 163 First one-way clutch 164 Second one-way clutch 100 Drive device 132 Cylindrical portion 151 Sun roller 152 Planetary roller 152c Rotating shaft 154 Carrier 155 Track ring 156 Pressing member 159 Pressure adjusting cam

Claims (18)

A first electric motor;
A second electric motor capable of outputting rotation in a speed region different from that of the first electric motor;
A first output shaft having a hollow portion extending in the axial direction at the shaft center portion and rotated by power from the first electric motor;
A second output shaft inserted into the hollow portion and rotated by power from the second electric motor;
With
The driving device, wherein the first motor, the second motor, the first output shaft, and the second output shaft are arranged coaxially. The drive device according to claim 1,
Switchable between a first speed state in which power from the first output shaft is transmitted to the drive target and a second speed state in which power from the second output shaft is transmitted to the drive target. A driving device further comprising a clutch mechanism. The drive device according to claim 2,
A controller for controlling the operation of the first electric motor and the second electric motor;
When switching from one of the first speed state and the second speed state to the other of the first speed state and the second speed state, the controller rotates the first output shaft and the second output. A drive unit that synchronizes the rotation of the shaft. The drive device according to claim 3,
The controller is
In the first speed state, the supply of power to the second electric motor is interrupted,
In the second speed state, the drive device interrupts the supply of electric power to the first electric motor. The drive device according to claim 3 or 4, wherein
The clutch mechanism is
An output transmission member that transmits the rotation in the first direction from any one of the first output shaft and the second output shaft to a driving object;
It is interposed between the first output shaft and the output transmission member, and enables rotation in the first direction to be transmitted from the first output shaft to the output transmission member, while from the output transmission member to the first transmission shaft. A first one-way clutch that disables transmission of rotation in the first direction to the output shaft;
It is interposed between the second output shaft and the output transmission member, and allows the rotation in the first direction to be transmitted from the second output shaft to the output transmission member, while from the output transmission member to the second A second one-way clutch that disables transmission of rotation in the first direction to the output shaft;
A driving device. The drive device according to claim 5,
The clutch mechanism is
The drive device further comprising a reverse rotation output transmission member that transmits rotation in a second direction, which is opposite to the first direction, from the first output shaft to the drive target. The drive device according to claim 3 or 4, wherein
The clutch mechanism is
A first gear that rotates integrally with the first output shaft;
A second gear that rotates integrally with the second output shaft;
An output transmission gear that selectively meshes with either the first gear or the second gear;
A driving device. The drive device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein
The second motor can output rotation in a higher speed region than the first motor,
A drive apparatus comprising a speed reducer that decelerates rotation from the first electric motor and inputs the speed to the first output shaft. The drive device according to claim 8,
A drive device comprising a housing that houses the first motor, the second motor, at least a part of the first output shaft, at least a part of the second output shaft, and the speed reducer. The drive device according to claim 8 or 9, wherein
The drive device, wherein the speed reducer is a planetary friction type. The drive device according to claim 10,
The speed reducer is
A sun roller that rotates about the rotation axis of the first electric motor;
A plurality of planetary rollers disposed around the sun roller;
A pair of annular orbit rings that contact the plurality of planetary rollers from both axial sides;
A pressing member that presses the orbital ring against the planetary roller and applies a pressing force that presses the planetary roller against the sun roller;
With
The planetary roller is
A large diameter portion in contact with the sun roller;
A small-diameter portion provided on both axial sides of the large-diameter portion, having a smaller outer diameter than the large-diameter portion, and contacting the pair of track rings;
A driving device. The drive device according to claim 11,
The driving device, wherein the pressing member is configured by a pressure adjusting cam that generates a biasing force in the axial direction using a rotational torque centered on the first output shaft. The drive device according to claim 8 or 9, wherein
The speed reducer is a planetary gear type drive device. The drive device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein
The second motor can output rotation in a higher speed region than the first motor,
The drive device, wherein the first electric motor is a DC motor. 15. The drive device according to claim 14, wherein
The first electric motor is an axial gap type drive device. 15. The drive device according to claim 14, wherein
The first electric motor is an outer rotor type drive device. The drive device according to any one of claims 1 to 7,
The second motor can output rotation in a higher speed region than the first motor,
The drive device, wherein the second electric motor is an AC motor. A driving device according to any one of claims 1 to 17,
A differential device to which power from the driving device is input;
A pair of wheels rotating by power from the differential;
A vehicle comprising:

Images