JP2019209402A - Vehicle body assembly precision inspection method - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a vehicle body assembly precision inspection method capable of inspecting easily assembly precision of a vehicle body.SOLUTION: In a vehicle body assembly precision inspection method, inspection of assembly precision of a vehicle body 2 is performed on an assembly line 1 of the vehicle body 2, on at least either condition between a condition before welding with each positioned body component, and a condition before coating after welding each body component, to thereby perform inspection easily without requiring transfer of the vehicle body 2 to a dedicated inspection station.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

  The present invention relates to a vehicle body assembly accuracy inspection method for inspecting the assembly accuracy of a vehicle body.

  In automobile manufacturing factories and the like, inspection of the assembly accuracy of a vehicle body has been conventionally performed for preparatory adjustment work before starting production and quality control after starting production.

  For example, in Patent Document 1 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 4-236304), three-dimensional coordinate data of a vehicle body is measured using a three-dimensional measuring machine, the measured coordinate data is compared with a reference value, A method for inspecting assembly accuracy has been proposed.

JP-A-4-236304

  Conventionally, when inspecting the assembly accuracy of the vehicle body, the vehicle body is transferred to a dedicated inspection station, where the assembly accuracy of the vehicle body is inspected.

  However, the method of inspecting the vehicle body at a dedicated inspection station requires a lot of time and man-hours required for the transportation of the vehicle body, so the inspection cannot be performed quickly, and the inspection results are fed back quickly for process management and adjustment. It was difficult to use.

  Therefore, in view of such circumstances, an object of the present invention is to provide a vehicle body assembly accuracy inspection method capable of simply performing inspection of vehicle body assembly accuracy.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention is to inspect the assembly accuracy of a vehicle body between a state before welding in which the body parts are positioned on the assembly line of the vehicle body and a state before painting in which the body parts are welded together. A vehicle body assembly accuracy inspection method performed in at least one state is provided.

  In this way, by inspecting the assembly accuracy of the vehicle body on the assembly line, the vehicle body can be easily inspected without being transferred to a dedicated inspection station.

  According to the present invention, since the inspection of the assembly accuracy of the vehicle body can be easily performed on the assembly line, the inspection can be quickly performed, and the result is fed back and used for management and adjustment of the assembly process. Will be able to. In addition, by performing a simple inspection as in the present invention, even if the vehicle body is subsequently transferred to a dedicated inspection station for inspection, defects can be found at an early stage before the inspection is performed. This can reduce the possibility of significant modifications after inspection at a dedicated inspection station. As a result, the number of inspections at a dedicated inspection station can be reduced, and as a result, the time and man-hours required for inspection can be reduced. Further, since the inspection can be easily performed, the inspection frequency can be increased, and the assembly accuracy can be improved.

It is the schematic of the assembly line of a vehicle body. It is the schematic of the three-dimensional measuring machine and information processing terminal which are used for an inspection of assembly accuracy. It is a figure which shows a mode that a measurer inspects the assembly precision of a vehicle body using a coordinate measuring machine on an assembly line. It is a figure which shows the flow which feeds back the test result of an assembly precision to an assembly process.

  Hereinafter, a vehicle body assembly accuracy inspection method according to the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. First, an assembly line for a vehicle body where the inspection is performed will be described.

  FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an assembly line for assembling a car body of an automobile.

  As shown in FIG. 1, an assembly line 1 includes a transport body 3 that transports a predetermined body part constituting a vehicle body 2, a transport path 4 along which the transport body 3 moves, and a plurality of robots 5. is set up.

  The conveyance body 3 is an automatic guided vehicle (AGV), for example, and is automatically guided on the conveyance path 4 by being guided by magnetism generated by a magnetic tape laid on the floor surface. Further, the transport body 3 may be a pallet that moves along a rail.

  The plurality of robots 5 are articulated robots that are installed on both sides of the conveyance path 4 and perform positioning, welding, or both of predetermined body parts constituting the vehicle body 2. For example, each robot 5 positions parts such as a side member and a roof member with respect to the floor panel, and performs a welding operation to assemble the vehicle body 2 formed integrally with these.

  Next, with reference to FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, a three-dimensional measuring machine used for vehicle body assembly accuracy inspection and an inspection method using the same will be described.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the coordinate measuring machine 11 has a gripping part 12 held by a measurer and a measurement head part 13 provided on the gripping part 12. It is a three-dimensional measuring machine. The three-dimensional measuring machine 11 may be a contact type. The coordinate measuring machine 11 is connected to an information processing terminal 14 such as a personal computer so that data communication is possible. The communication form between the coordinate measuring machine 11 and the information processing terminal 14 may be wired communication or wireless communication. The information processing terminal 14 is a measurement information storage unit that stores the three-dimensional measurement information (three-dimensional coordinate data) of the vehicle body obtained by the three-dimensional measuring machine 11, and a measurement object (vehicle body based on the three-dimensional measurement information of the vehicle body). ) 3D shape display unit, design information storage unit for storing design information for each vehicle type (for each vehicle body shape), vehicle body 3D measurement information and vehicle body design information are compared for assembly error (deviation amount) It has a function such as an assembly error calculation unit for calculating.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the inspection of the assembly accuracy of the vehicle body is performed by the measurer in a state where the vehicle body 2 is positioned at a predetermined position on the assembly line 1 by a robot 5 or supported by a support mechanism (not shown). This is performed using the original measuring machine 11. The measurer grips the grip portion 12 of the coordinate measuring machine 11 and brings the measurement head portion 13 close to the inspection target portion of the vehicle body 2 to acquire the three-dimensional coordinate data of the inspection target portion. The three-dimensional measurement information acquired by the three-dimensional measuring machine 11 is sent to the information processing terminal 14 and stored in the measurement information storage unit. Thereafter, the information processing terminal 14 compares the three-dimensional measurement information of the vehicle body 2 with the previously stored design information of the vehicle body 2 to calculate an assembly error (deviation amount). Then, by checking whether the calculated error does not exceed the upper limit value or the lower limit value of the allowable range, the assembly accuracy of the vehicle body 2 is evaluated.

  FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a flow of feeding back the inspection result of the assembly accuracy to the assembly process.

  As shown in FIG. 4, when the assembly process of the vehicle body is started in the assembly line, the body parts constituting the vehicle body are positioned by a robot or the like installed in the assembly line (Step 1). Then, in a state where the body parts are positioned in this way, the measurer inspects the assembly accuracy of the vehicle body by the above-described method using the coordinate measuring machine (Step 2). Then, the assembly accuracy is evaluated from the inspection result, and if the assembly error is out of the allowable range (in the case of “NO” in Step 3), the positioning condition of the vehicle body (positioning position by the robot, etc.) according to the assembly error Correction is performed (Step 4).

  Thereafter, a new vehicle body positioning step is performed (Step 1), and the assembly accuracy is inspected again in this state (Step 2). These processes are repeated until the assembly error is within the allowable range. When the assembly error is within the allowable range (when “YES” in Step 3), the process proceeds to the next welding process.

  When the process proceeds to the welding process, the body parts are welded in a state where the vehicle body is positioned on the assembly line by a robot or the like (Step 5). When the welding is completed, the measurer inspects the assembly accuracy of the vehicle body after welding (before painting) using the coordinate measuring machine on the assembly line in the same manner as the inspection after positioning described above (Step 6). At this time, the vehicle body may be in a state in which positioning by a robot or the like is maintained, or may be in a state in which a part or all of the positioning is released and the vehicle body is supported by a carrier or other support mechanism. . When it is desired to check the displacement amount (assembly error) of the vehicle body due to the release of the positioning, it is desirable to inspect in the state where the positioning of as many locations as possible is released.

  Then, the assembly accuracy is evaluated from the inspection result, and if the assembly error is out of the allowable range (in the case of “NO” in Step 7), the welding conditions of the vehicle body (spot position, welding sequence, etc.) according to the assembly error ) Or vehicle body positioning conditions (positioning position by the robot, etc.) or both of these conditions are corrected (Step 8). Then, after the correction, a new vehicle body positioning step is performed (Step 1), and the assembly accuracy is checked again with the vehicle body positioned (Step 2). In addition, if only the welding conditions are corrected and the positioning conditions are not corrected, it may be omitted if re-inspection after positioning is unnecessary.

  Thereafter, the process proceeds to the welding process again (Step 5), and the assembly accuracy is inspected after the body parts are welded (Step 6). Then, the above steps (Step 1 to Step 8) are repeated until the assembly error is within the allowable range. When the assembly error is within the allowable range (in the case of “YES” in Step 7), a series of assembly accuracy inspections are performed. To complete.

  As described above, in the example shown in FIG. 4, the inspection of the assembly accuracy of the vehicle body is performed in each state of the state before welding in which the body parts are positioned and the state before painting in which the body parts are welded. However, all inspections are performed on the assembly line. As described above, in the present invention, the inspection of the assembly accuracy of the vehicle body is performed on the assembly line, so that the inspection can be easily performed, the inspection is quickly performed, and the result is fed back to manage the assembly process. It can be used for adjustment. In addition, by performing a simple inspection as in the present invention, even if the vehicle body is subsequently transferred to a dedicated inspection station for inspection, defects can be found at an early stage before the inspection is performed. This can reduce the possibility of significant modifications after inspection at a dedicated inspection station. As a result, the number of inspections at a dedicated inspection station can be reduced, and as a result, the time and man-hours required for inspection can be reduced. Further, since the inspection can be easily performed, the inspection frequency can be increased, and the assembly accuracy can be improved.

  The inspection of the assembly accuracy of the vehicle body at the dedicated inspection station may or may not be performed. For example, in the preparatory stage before the start of production, after performing a simple inspection according to the present invention, the vehicle body is transferred to a dedicated inspection station and the assembly accuracy is inspected, thereby improving the assembly accuracy of the vehicle body. In periodic quality control after the start of production, inspection at the dedicated inspection station is omitted, and only simple inspection according to the present invention is performed. What is necessary is just to determine.

  In the above-described example, the inspection of the assembly accuracy of the vehicle body is performed in both the state before welding in which the body parts are positioned and the state before painting in which the body parts are welded. The assembly accuracy may be inspected only in one of the positioning state and the state after welding. For example, in the preparatory stage before the start of production, inspection can be performed in both the positioning state and the state after welding, thereby improving the assembly accuracy of the vehicle body. That is, by performing inspections in both states, it is possible to check assembly errors caused by unique circumstances in each step of the positioning process and the welding process, so that countermeasures and improvements for the respective assembly errors can be achieved. . On the other hand, in periodic quality control after the start of production, the inspection in the positioning state may be omitted and only the inspection after welding may be performed. Further, if necessary, it is possible to perform only the inspection in the positioning state and omit the inspection after welding.

  In addition, as in the above-described example, a portable three-dimensional measuring machine can be used by setting the conveyance path of the assembly line to a floor surface having no unevenness (coplanar) on which an automated guided vehicle such as AGV can travel. This makes it easier to perform inspections. In other words, since the rails for the carrier are not laid on the floor surface, it becomes easier for the measurer to work closer to the vehicle body on the assembly line, and to perform inspection using a portable coordinate measuring machine. . Further, by using a portable coordinate measuring machine, it is not necessary to secure a space for installing a large coordinate measuring machine on the assembly line, so that the equipment can be downsized.

  Although the vehicle body assembly accuracy inspection method according to the present invention has been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above-described example, and it is needless to say that various modifications can be made without departing from the gist of the present invention.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Assembly line 2 Car body 3 Conveyance body 4 Conveyance path 5 Robot 11 CMM 12 Gripping part 13 Measuring head part 14 Information processing terminal

Claims (1)

  Inspection of the assembly accuracy of the vehicle body is performed in at least one of a state before welding in which the body parts are positioned on the assembly line of the vehicle body and a state before painting in which the body parts are welded together. Car body assembly accuracy inspection method.

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