JP2019205979A - Material lamination device - Google Patents

Abstract

To uniformize lamination of laminated materials.SOLUTION: A material lamination device includes: a screen disposed above a space, in which foil materials are laminated, and used for screening the supplied foil materials; and multiple vibration devices 34 which vibrate the screen. The multiple vibration devices 34 include a first vibration device 51 and a second vibration device 52 disposed at sides opposite to each other across the screen when viewed in a vertical direction.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

  The present invention relates to a material laminating apparatus for laminating materials.

  Patent Document 1 discloses an apparatus (material laminating apparatus) for laminating foil bodies that are raw materials such as Peltier elements. Specifically, the material laminating apparatus includes a sieve (screen) horizontally disposed above a mold on which foil bodies are laminated, and a vibrator that horizontally vibrates the screen. One vibrator is arranged on the side of the screen. In such a material laminating apparatus, when the vibrator vibrates the screen, the foil body is shaken off by the screen and laminated in the mold.

Japanese Patent No. 4462465

  Generally, it is desirable that the thickness of the layer formed by laminating the foil bodies is as uniform as possible. However, since only one vibrator described in Patent Document 1 is arranged on the side of the screen, there is a possibility that the lamination of the foil bodies becomes uneven as follows. For example, due to vibration attenuation, the vibration of the screen can be relatively strong on the side closer to the vibration device and relatively weak on the side far away. In such a case, the foil body on the screen is relatively easily shaken off on the side close to the vibration device, and is relatively difficult to shake off on the far side, and the thickness of the formed layer may be uneven. .

  An object of the present invention is to make a stack of stacked materials uniform.

  A material laminating apparatus according to a first aspect of the present invention is a material laminating apparatus for laminating a material to be laminated, for shaking off the supplied material to be laminated, which is arranged above a space where the material to be laminated is laminated. And a plurality of vibration devices that vibrate the screen, wherein the plurality of vibration devices are opposite to each other across the screen when viewed from a direction orthogonal to the surface direction of the screen. It is characterized by including the 1st vibration apparatus and the 2nd vibration apparatus which are arrange | positioned.

  When the vibration device vibrates the screen, the material to be laminated is shaken off from the screen and laminated. In the present invention, the first vibration device and the second vibration device are arranged so as to sandwich the screen when viewed from the orthogonal direction. As a result, a portion of the screen that is away from the first vibration device (that is, a portion where the vibration by the first vibration device is weakened by attenuation) can be vibrated strongly by the second vibration device. For this reason, compared with the configuration in which only one vibration device is disposed, the vibration intensity of the screen can be made uniform in the surface direction, and the material to be laminated supplied on the screen can be dropped uniformly. Can do. Therefore, the lamination of the material to be laminated can be made uniform.

  The material laminating device of the second invention is the material laminating device according to the first invention, wherein the plurality of vibration devices are equally spaced on the same virtual circle centered on the center of gravity of the screen when viewed from the orthogonal direction. It is characterized by being arranged.

  In the present invention, the plurality of vibration devices are arranged in a well-balanced manner around the center of gravity of the screen. Therefore, the vibration intensity of the screen can be made uniform effectively.

  In a material laminating apparatus according to a third aspect of the invention, the plurality of vibration devices vibrate the screen in the vertical direction.

  In the configuration in which the screen is vibrated horizontally, for example, there is a possibility that the material to be laminated on the screen falls with a velocity component in the horizontal direction due to inertia (that is, falls obliquely). In such a case, the dropping position of the material to be laminated tends to be biased, and there is a possibility that uniform lamination is difficult to be performed. In the present invention, since the vibration direction of the screen is the vertical direction (that is, the same as the direction in which gravity acts), the material to be laminated on the screen is likely to fall directly below. Thereby, a to-be-laminated material can be laminated | stacked more uniformly.

It is the schematic of the material lamination apparatus which concerns on this embodiment. It is a front view of a crushing and feeding part. It is a top view of a crushing and feeding part. It is explanatory drawing which shows the crushing and feeding of the foil piece material by a crushing and feeding part. It is a top view of the crushing and feeding part which concerns on a modification.

  Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. Note that the vertical direction in FIG. 1 is the vertical direction (that is, the vertical direction in which gravity acts). A direction orthogonal to the vertical direction of the paper surface of FIG. The vertical direction corresponds to the orthogonal direction of the present invention. The horizontal direction corresponds to the surface direction of the screen of the present invention.

(Material lamination equipment)
First, the outline | summary of the material lamination apparatus 1 which concerns on this embodiment is demonstrated using FIG. FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a material laminating apparatus 1.

  The material laminating apparatus 1 is, for example, for forming a laminated body 101 by crushing and laminating a metal foil (hereinafter referred to as a foil piece material 100) that is a raw material of a thermoelectric element. The foil piece material 100 (the material to be laminated of the present invention) is generated by, for example, applying a molten metal discharged from a melting furnace (not shown) to a drum (not shown) rotating at high speed. It is a foil-like metal material of several μm. The foil piece material 100 is, for example, an alloy of bismuth, tellurium, and an additive (metal), but is not limited thereto. The laminated body 101 becomes a material element (not shown) of a thermoelectric element by being compressed at a high temperature in a subsequent process.

  The material laminating apparatus 1 is disposed inside the sealed container 2 and includes a supply unit 11, a crushing and feeding unit 12, and a jig support unit 13. The material laminating apparatus 1 crushes and feeds the foil piece material 100 put into the supply unit 11 by the crushing and feeding unit 12 and stacks the foil piece material 100 in the jig 102 supported by the jig support unit 13.

  The sealed container 2 is for keeping the space where the material laminating apparatus 1 is arranged in a predetermined atmosphere. If the laminate 101 is formed in the air, oxygen, moisture, etc. in the air will be adsorbed on the laminate 101 and the laminate 101 will oxidize, causing deterioration of the device and possibly affecting its performance. Etc. In order to avoid such a problem, the sealed container 2 is filled with, for example, argon which is an inert gas.

  The supply unit 11 is for supplying the foil piece material 100 to the crushing and feeding unit 12. The supply unit 11 is disposed above the crushing and feeding unit 12. The supply unit 11 includes an input port (not shown) into which the foil piece material 100 is input, and a hopper 21 that temporarily stores the foil piece material 100 input from the input port. The lower end portion of the hopper 21 can be opened and closed by, for example, a valve (not shown). When the valve is opened, the foil piece material 100 falls from the hopper 21 and is supplied to the crushing and feeding unit 12.

  The crushing / feeding unit 12 is used to finely crush the foil piece material 100 supplied from the supply unit 11 and shake off the foil piece material 100 toward the jig 102 supported by the jig support unit 13. is there. The crushing and feeding unit 12 is disposed below the supply unit 11. Details of the crushing and feeding unit 12 will be described later.

  The jig support part 13 is for supporting the jig 102 on which the foil piece material 100 is laminated. The jig support unit 13 is disposed below the crushing and feeding unit 12. The jig support portion 13 is, for example, a mounting table on which the jig 102 is mounted. The jig 102 is a container having an inner bottom surface and an inner side surface. A rectangular parallelepiped internal space 103 (the space of the present invention) is formed by the inner bottom surface and the inner side surface, for example. The foil piece material 100 dropped from the crushing and feeding unit 12 is laminated in the internal space 103 to form a laminated body 101.

  In the material laminating apparatus 1 having the above configuration, the foil piece material 100 put into the supply unit 11 is crushed and shaken by the crushing and feeding unit 12 and is supported by the jig support unit 13. Are stacked in the internal space 103. The laminated body 101 is compressed at a high temperature in a subsequent process and becomes a material element of a thermoelectric element. Here, in a thermoelectric element formed using such a substrate, generally, a plurality of foil piece materials 100 are laminated in parallel and uniformly with respect to the surface direction of the laminated body 101, so that anisotropy is achieved. Good electrical characteristics (for example, Seebeck coefficient) can be obtained. For this reason, it is preferable that the foil piece material 100 is crushed as finely as possible by the crushing and feeding unit 12 so that the density of the laminated body 101 is made uniform. Further, the crushed foil piece material 100 is required to fall while maintaining a horizontal posture as much as possible and to be uniformly laminated in the horizontal direction.

(Crushing and feeding section)
Next, the configuration of the crushing and feeding unit 12 will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2. FIG. 2 is a front view of the crushing and feeding unit 12.

  As illustrated in FIG. 2, the crushing and feeding unit 12 includes a base plate 31, a crushing screen 32, a feeding screen 33, and a vibration device 34. The crushing and feeding unit 12 vibrates the crushing screen 32 and the feeding screen 33 by a vibration device 34 disposed on the base plate 31. As a result, the foil piece material 100 (see FIG. 1) is crushed and dropped on the crushing screen 32, and the foil piece material 100 is horizontally dropped by the regulating screen 33 with the direction of the foil piece material 100 aligned horizontally.

  The base plate 31 is a substantially rectangular plate-like member extending in the horizontal direction. The base plate 31 is fixed to the upper end of the support column 36 (see FIG. 1) via a plurality of anti-vibration rubbers 35 that are elastic members. The anti-vibration rubber 35 is attached to the four corners of the base plate 31 (see FIG. 3). A through hole 37 penetrating in the vertical direction is formed in the central portion of the base plate 31 in the horizontal direction. A rectangular parallelepiped column member 38 is fitted in the through hole 37. The column member 38 is a hollow member in which a through hole 39 penetrating in the vertical direction is formed. A crushing screen 32 and a feeding screen 33 are attached to the column member 38. A space between the crushing screen 32 and the feeding screen 33 is surrounded by a column member 38.

  The crushing screen 32 is a substantially square plate-like member on which a mesh for shaking off the foil piece material 100 (see FIG. 1) is formed. The crushing screen 32 corresponds to the screen of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 2, the crushing screen 32 is attached to the upper end of the column member 38. The crushing screen 32 is horizontally arranged at the center position of the base plate 31 in the horizontal direction. A plurality of crushing members 42 for crushing the foil piece material 100 are placed on the crushing screen 32. The crushing member 42 is a spherical member made of alumina, for example, but is not limited thereto. Above the crushing member 42, a regulation screen 44 is provided that allows the foil piece material 100 to pass downward while restricting the crushing member 42 from jumping upward. When the vibration device 34 vibrates the crushing screen 32, the crushing members 42 vibrate with the vibration of the crushing screen 32. As a result, the foil piece material 100 is sandwiched between the crushing member 42 and the crushing screen 32 and crushed.

  The rectifying screen 33 is for horizontally dropping the foil piece material 100 by aligning the posture of the foil piece material 100 horizontally. The trimming screen 33 also corresponds to the screen of the present invention. The feeding screen 33 is a substantially square plate-like member in which a mesh having the same size as the mesh of the crushing screen 32 is formed. The rectifying screen 33 is attached to the lower end of the column member 38. The feeding screen 33 is horizontally arranged at the center position of the base plate 31 in the horizontal direction. The trimming screen 33 once receives the foil piece material 100 shaken off from the crushing screen 32. Thereby, the foil piece material 100 becomes easy to face the horizontal direction, and the foil piece material 100 shaken off from the trimming screen 33 becomes easy to drop horizontally.

  The vibration device 34 is for vibrating the crushing screen 32 and the feeding screen 33. The vibration device 34 is disposed on the base plate 31 and connected to a power source (not shown). The vibration device 34 is disposed on the side of the crushing screen 32 and the feeding screen 33 (that is, outside in the horizontal direction). A substantially rectangular plate-shaped vibration transmission member 40 is attached to the vibration device 34. The vibration transmitting member 40 is horizontally arranged and fixed to the crushing screen 32 by a fixing tool such as a bolt (not shown). Thereby, the vibration of the vibration device 34 is effectively transmitted to the crushing screen 32 via the vibration transmission member 40.

  Here, in the conventional material laminating apparatus, only one vibration device for horizontally vibrating the screen is provided on the side of the screen. In such a configuration, there is a possibility that the lamination of the foil piece materials becomes non-uniform. For example, due to vibration attenuation, the vibration of the screen can be relatively strong on the side closer to the vibration device and relatively weak on the side far away. In such a case, the foil body on the screen is relatively easily shaken off on the side closer to the vibration device, and is relatively difficult to shake off on the far side. Therefore, in the material laminating apparatus of the present embodiment, the vibration device 34 is configured and arranged as follows in order to make the vibrations of the crushing screen 32 and the feeding screen 33 uniform.

(Configuration and arrangement of vibration device)
The configuration and arrangement of the vibration device 34 will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 3 is a plan view of the crushing and feeding unit 12. In FIG. 3, the crushing member 42 and the restriction screen 44 are not shown.

  The vibration device 34 is, for example, a general electromagnetic coil type vibrator. As shown in FIG. 2, the vibration device 34 includes a coil 34a, a movable member 34b, and a leaf spring 34c. The axial direction of the coil 34a is parallel to the vertical direction. The movable member 34b is attached to a horizontally disposed leaf spring 34c, and is disposed inside the coil 34a. When a current flows through the coil 34a, the movable member 34b reciprocates in the vertical direction by the attractive force of the coil 34a and the reaction force of the leaf spring 34c. As a result, vertical vibrations are generated.

  On the base plate 31, two vibration devices 34 (a first vibration device 51 and a second vibration device 52) are arranged. As shown in FIG. 3, the first vibration device 51 and the second vibration device 52 are disposed on opposite sides of the crushing screen 32 when viewed from the vertical direction (that is, the orthogonal direction of the present invention). Yes. More specifically, the first vibrating device 51 and the second vibrating device 52 are arranged at equal intervals on the same virtual circle 104 with the center of gravity C of the crushing screen 32 as the center when viewed from the vertical direction. . If it says from another viewpoint, the 1st vibration apparatus 51 and the 2nd vibration apparatus 52 are arrange | positioned in the position equidistant from the gravity center C. FIG. From another point of view, the first vibration device 51 is disposed at a position closest to the points 201 and 202 and equidistant from the points 201 and 202 among the four corner points 201 to 204 of the crushing screen 32. ing. The second vibration device 52 is disposed closest to the points 203 and 204 and at a position equidistant from the points 203 and 204.

  In addition, the first vibrating device 51 and the second vibrating device 52 are set to uniformly vibrate at least four corners (points 201 to 204) of the crushing screen 32 and the feeding screen 33. For example, the vibration amplitude and vibration frequency of the first vibration device 51 and the second vibration device 52 are set to be the same, and the phase is adjusted to be appropriate. Thereby, the amplitude of vibration of the points 201 to 204 is made uniform.

(Crushing and feeding of foil piece material by crushing and feeding unit)
Next, crushing and feeding of the foil piece material 100 by the crushing and feeding unit 12 will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 4A is an explanatory diagram showing crushing and feeding of the foil piece material 100 by the crushing and feeding unit 12 in the present embodiment. FIG. 4B is an explanatory diagram showing crushing and feeding of the foil piece material 100 when the vibration device 34 vibrates in the horizontal direction.

  First, when the vibration device 34 (the first vibration device 51 and the second vibration device 52) is turned on, as shown in FIG. 4A, the vibration device 34 vibrates up and down (an arrow in FIG. 4A). 105, 106). When the vibration of the vibration device 34 is transmitted to the crushing screen 32 and the feeding screen 33, these screens vibrate up and down. When the crushing screen 32 vibrates up and down, the vibration of the crushing screen 32 is transmitted to the plurality of crushing members 42, and the plurality of crushing members 42 respectively vibrate. In this state, when the foil piece material 100 is supplied from the supply unit 11 (see FIG. 1) to the crushing and feeding unit 12, the foil piece material 100 is sandwiched between the crushing member 42 and the crushing screen 32. Thereby, the foil piece material 100 is finely crushed (for example, the size before crushing of the foil piece material 100 is several mm square, whereas the size after crushing is 1 mm square or less).

  Here, the first vibrating device 51 and the second vibrating device 52 are arranged so as to sandwich the crushing screen 32 when viewed from the up and down direction. As a result, a portion of the crushing screen 32 away from the first vibration device 51 (that is, a portion where the vibration by the first vibration device 51 becomes weak due to attenuation) is also vibrated strongly by the second vibration device 52. For this reason, compared with the case where only one vibration device 34 is arranged, the strength of vibration of the crushing screen 32 is made uniform in the horizontal direction (the surface direction of the crushing screen 32). Thereby, the quantity of the foil piece material 100 shaken off from the crushing screen 32 is equalized in the horizontal direction.

  Next, the finely crushed foil piece material 100 is shaken off by the crushing screen 32 (see arrow 107 in FIG. 4A). Here, as described above, the space between the crushing screen 32 and the feeding screen 33 is surrounded by the column member 38. As a result, the foil piece material 100 dropped from above the crushing screen 32 is prevented from scattering outward in the horizontal direction, and falls toward the feeding screen 33. The foil piece material 100 that has fallen is once received by the feeding screen 33. Thereby, the attitude | position of the foil piece material 100 is once horizontal. Further, the foil piece material 100 is shaken off from the vibrating feeding screen 33 (see the arrow 108 in FIG. 4A) and is laminated in the internal space 103 of the jig 102 (see FIG. 1). Similarly to the crushing screen 32, the sheeting screen 33 is also likely to vibrate uniformly, so that the amount of the foil piece material 100 shaken off from the sheeting screen 33 is made uniform in the horizontal direction. Thereby, it becomes easy to laminate | stack the foil piece material 100 uniformly.

  Here, if the first vibrating device 51 and the second vibrating device 52 vibrate horizontally (see arrows 109 and 110 in FIG. 4B), the foil piece material 100 on the crushing screen 32 or the like is caused by inertia. It can fall with a horizontal velocity component (see arrows 111 and 112 in FIG. 4B). In such a case, the dropping position of the foil piece material 100 may be biased. In this respect, in the present embodiment, since the first vibration device 51 and the second vibration device 52 vibrate in the vertical direction, the crushing screen 32 and the like vibrate in the vertical direction (vertical direction). For this reason, the foil piece material 100 on the crushing screen 32 or the like is likely to fall right below (see arrows 107 and 108 in FIG. 4A), and the fall position is suppressed from being biased. Thereby, it becomes easy to laminate | stack the foil piece material 100 more uniformly.

  As described above, the first vibration device 51 and the second vibration device 52 are arranged so as to sandwich the crushing screen 32 and the like when viewed from the up-down direction. Thereby, the part away from the 1st vibration apparatus 51 among the crushing screens 32 etc. can be vibrated strongly by the 2nd vibration apparatus 52. For this reason, compared with the structure in which only one vibration device 34 is arranged, the strength of vibration of the crushing screen 32 and the like can be made uniform in the surface direction, and the foil supplied on the crushing screen 32 and the like The piece material 100 can be dropped uniformly. Therefore, the lamination of the foil piece material 100 can be made uniform.

  Further, the first vibration device 51 and the second vibration device 52 are arranged around the center of gravity of the crushing screen 32 with a good balance. Therefore, the vibration strength of the crushing screen 32 and the like can be made uniform effectively.

  Further, since the vibration direction of the crushing screen 32 or the like is the vertical direction (that is, the same as the direction in which gravity acts), the foil piece material 100 on the crushing screen 32 or the like is likely to fall directly below. Thereby, the foil piece material 100 can be more uniformly laminated.

  Next, a modified example in which the above embodiment is modified will be described. However, components having the same configuration as in the above embodiment are given the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted as appropriate.

(1) In the above-described embodiment, the crushing and feeding unit 12 includes the two vibration devices 34. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, as illustrated in FIG. 5, the crushing and feeding unit 12a may include three vibration devices 34 (a first vibration device 61, a second vibration device 62, and a third vibration device 63). That is, when viewed from the vertical direction, the plurality of vibration devices 34 may be arranged at equal intervals on the same virtual circle 113 centered on the center of gravity Ca of the crushing screen 32a. Even in this case, for example, the first vibration device 61 and the second vibration device 62 may be disposed on the opposite sides of the crushing screen 32a. In other words, it is only necessary that a part of the crushing screen 32a is disposed between the first vibration device 61 and the second vibration device 62 when viewed from the vertical direction. Note that the number of vibration devices 34 may be four or more.

(2) In the above embodiments, the screens such as the crushing screen 32 have a quadrangular shape, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, as shown in FIG. 5, the crushing and feeding unit 12 a may have a circular crushing screen 32 a. The shape of the base member 31a and the vibration transmitting member 40a may be changed according to the shape of the crushing screen 32a and the arrangement of the vibration device 34. Similarly, the internal space 103 of the jig 102 (see FIG. 1) is not limited to a rectangular parallelepiped shape, and may be a cylindrical shape, for example.

(3) In the embodiments described above, the plurality of vibration devices 34 are arranged at equal intervals on the same virtual circle. However, the present invention is not limited to this. That is, the plurality of vibration devices 34 do not necessarily have to be arranged at equal intervals.

(4) In the embodiments described above, the vibration device 34 vibrates the crushing screen 32 and the like in the vertical direction, but is not limited thereto. That is, the vibration direction by the vibration device 34 may have a horizontal component. Alternatively, the vibration device 34 may horizontally vibrate the crushing screen 32 or the like. Further, the vibration device 34 is an electromagnetic coil type vibrator, but is not limited thereto, and any vibration device may be used as long as it generates vibration. For example, the vibration device may be a so-called unbalanced weight vibration motor that generates vibration by rotation of an unbalanced weight.

(5) In the embodiments described above, the screens such as the crushing screen 32 are arranged horizontally, but the present invention is not limited to this. That is, the surface direction of the crushing screen 32 and the like is not necessarily parallel to the horizontal direction. Further, the orthogonal direction orthogonal to the surface direction is not necessarily parallel to the vertical direction.

(6) In the above embodiments, the object to be laminated by the material laminating apparatus 1 is the foil piece material 100, but is not limited thereto. For example, the material laminating apparatus may crush the materials into powder and laminate them. In this case, the feeding screen 33 is not necessarily provided.

1 Material lamination equipment 32 Crushing screen (screen)
33 Sorting screen (screen)
34 Vibration device 51 First vibration device 52 Second vibration device 100 Foil piece material (layered material)
103 Internal space
104 Virtual circle C Center of gravity

Claims (3)

A material laminating apparatus for laminating materials to be laminated,
A screen for shaking off the supplied material to be laminated, disposed above the space in which the material to be laminated is laminated;
A plurality of vibration devices for vibrating the screen,
The plurality of vibration devices include
A material laminating apparatus, comprising: a first vibration device and a second vibration device arranged on opposite sides of the screen when viewed from an orthogonal direction orthogonal to a surface direction of the screen. The plurality of vibration devices include
2. The material stacking apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the material stacking apparatus is arranged at equal intervals on the same virtual circle centered on the center of gravity of the screen when viewed from the orthogonal direction.   The material laminating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of vibration devices vibrate the screen in a vertical direction.

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