JP2019203284A - Bubble type water pollution prevention fence - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a bubble type water pollution prevention fence allowing an installation operation and a removal operation of a sink-and-float belt to be easily performed in a short time.SOLUTION: A bubble type water pollution prevention fence 10 is provided with: a tube type sink-and-float belt 20 on which a heavy weight 23 is integrally attached; and an air-water supplying device 30 selectably supplying air or ballast water to the sink-and-float belt 20, wherein the sink-and-float belt 20 is provided with an air diffusing passage 21 and a buoyancy adjustment passage 22 to generate bubble through continuously supplying air to the air diffusing passage 21 and to allow buoyancy adjustment of the sink-and-float belt 20 through supplying air or ballast water to the buoyancy adjustment passage 22.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

  The present invention relates to a bubble-type water pollution prevention fence that can be used in water areas such as oceans, ponds, lakes and marshes, and more particularly to a bubble-type water pollution prevention fence that can float and sink by switching the supply of fluid.

  If spilled oil caused by a large-scale natural disaster or oil spill accident is left unattended, it not only adheres to the surrounding quay, ship, refinery facility, offshore platform, etc., but also induces secondary disasters such as combustion accidents. There is danger.

  As a floating water pollution prevention fence that is a means to prevent spilled oil from diffusing, an oil fence with a skirt suspended along a columnar float is widely known, and an oil fence mounted on a work ship is attached to a quay or ship. After spreading around, it is positioned by connecting to the bottom anchor by diving. (Patent Document 1 etc.)

  Since the captured spilled oil may spill under the skirt and flow out to the outside, Patent Documents 2 and 3 are equipped with a bubble generating tube along the inside of the oil fence and countlessly in the water through the bubble generating tube. It is disclosed that an ascending water flow is formed by generating the bubbles and that the spilled oil is prevented from flowing out using this ascending water flow.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 4-64614 JP 53-92535 A Japanese Utility Model Publication No.59-61334

The conventional water pollution prevention fence has the following problems.
<1> The greatest technique for enhancing the effect of preventing the spilled oil from spreading is to form a barrier at an early stage by shortening the extension time of the water pollution prevention fence as much as possible.
Conventionally, it took a lot of time to extend the floating water pollution control fence, and there was a limit to shortening the extension time.
<2> Floating water pollution prevention fences are not only easily washed away by the influence of wind and waves, but also become obstacles to ship navigation when they are deployed on the route.
<3> Since the spilled oil adheres to the floating water pollution control fence that has finished its intended use, it takes a lot of time and labor to collect the water pollution prevention fence, and the water pollution that is contaminated with the spilled oil. Preventive fences are uneconomical because they are difficult to reuse.
<4> In the type in which the bubble generation pipe is integrally attached to a part of the floating water pollution prevention fence, the underwater resistance of the bubble generation pipe increases, so that the work and time required for the work of extending and collecting the water pollution prevention fence are increased. It takes effort.
<5> When the bubble generating pipe is separated from the floating water pollution prevention fence, the work of extending the water pollution prevention fence and the bubble generating pipe must be performed separately, and workability is extremely deteriorated.
<6> Since buoyancy is generated in the bubble generating tube when air is supplied, it is necessary to give the bubble generating tube a weight that can prevent the buoyancy from rising.
If the bubble generating tube is made of a metal tube to give weight to prevent levitation, the bubble generating tube cannot be bent and stretched, and the bubble generating tube cannot be extended. When the weight is integrally attached, not only the heavy bubble generating tube is dragged to the bottom of the water but also difficult to extend, but the bubble generating tube can easily be damaged by colliding with rocks or protrusions on the bottom of the water. There is a problem.

The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and an object of the present invention is to provide a bubble-type water pollution prevention fence that can easily perform installation and removal operations of a floating zone in a short time. It is in.
Still another object of the present invention is to provide a bubble-type water pollution prevention fence that does not become an obstacle to ship navigation but can be recovered and used repeatedly.

The present invention relates to a bubble-type water pollution prevention fence in which a curtain-like rising water flow is formed in the water with the release of bubbles, a floating zone with a weight attached thereto, and air or ballast water with respect to the floating zone And an air / water supply device capable of alternatively supplying the water. The ups and downs zone is provided in parallel with the air diffusion path that generates air bubbles by receiving continuous supply of air from the air / water supply device, and receives air or ballast water supplied from the air / water supply device. A buoyancy adjustment path capable of adjusting the buoyancy of the sag zone, and filling the buoyancy adjustment path with air or ballast water so that the buoyancy of the sag zone can be adjusted.
In another embodiment of the present invention, the air / water supply device includes an air supply pump and a water supply pump, and can selectively supply air or ballast water to the floating zone through the air supply pump or the water supply pump. It is.
In another embodiment of the present invention, the rise / fall zone and the air / water supply device are connected via a plurality of pipes, and are directed to the air diffusion path by opening and closing the on-off valves interposed in the plurality of pipes. The air supply and the supply of air or ballast water toward the buoyancy adjustment path can be switched.
In another embodiment of the present invention, the weight of the weight is such that when the buoyancy adjustment path is filled with air, the float / sink zone can be lifted and the buoyancy adjustment path is filled with ballast water. Is set to a weight capable of maintaining the settling of the floating zone when bubbles are released continuously.
In another embodiment of the present invention, the buoyancy adjustment path may be formed to be folded back in a U shape over the entire length of the float zone, or may be formed linearly over the entire length of the float zone.
In another embodiment of the present invention, a drain pipe is connected to a part of the buoyancy adjustment path, and air or ballast water filled in the buoyancy adjustment path can be discharged to the outside through the drain pipe.

The bubble-type water pollution prevention fence according to the present invention has at least one of the following effects.
<1> Since the buoyancy of the floating zone can be adjusted by switching the filling of air or ballast water to the buoyancy adjustment path, the installation and removal operations of the floating zone can be easily performed in a short time.
<2> Even if a bubble-type water pollution prevention fence is installed on the channel, it is not necessary to obstruct the navigation of the ship by sinking the floating zone, and the floating zone is not damaged.
<3> Since the floating zone does not adhere to the spilled oil, the collected floating zone can be used repeatedly and is economical.

Whole explanatory drawing of the bubble type water pollution prevention fence which concerns on Example 1 of this invention Model diagram of the bubble-type water pollution prevention fence shown in FIG. Model diagram of a bubble-type water pollution control fence when a floating zone is lifted Cross-sectional view of IV-IV in Fig. 2 with the subsidence zone subsided Model diagram of a bubble-type water pollution control fence when an ascending water flow is formed with the subsidence zone settling Longitudinal sectional view of another floating zone according to Example 2 Sectional view of VII-VII in FIG.

  Hereinafter, the bubble type water pollution prevention fence of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

[Configuration of the present invention]
<1> Outline of bubble-type water pollution prevention fence Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, the bubble-type water pollution prevention fence 10 according to the present invention has flexibility and emits bubbles along the longitudinal direction. A tube-shaped float zone 20, an air / water supply device 30 capable of selectively supplying air (compressed air) or ballast water to the float / fall zone 20, and the float / sink zone 20 and the air / water supply device 30. And a plurality of pipes for connecting them.
The bubble-type water pollution prevention fence 10 of the present invention does not have a float and a skirt like a conventional fence, and uses the rising water flow 50 generated by the bubble group 51 discharged from the underwater subsidence zone 20 of the spilled oil 53. It prevents diffusion.

<2> Floating zone The floating zone 20 is a flexible hollow structure in which an air diffusion path 21 and a buoyancy adjustment path 22 are arranged side by side, and a weight 23 is integrally attached to a part thereof.
The total length of the floating zone 20 can be appropriately selected according to the purpose of use.

<2.1> Air Diffuse Path The air diffuser path 21 is a dedicated path for generating bubbles in water, and is continuously formed over the entire length of the float zone 20.
The air diffusion path 21 is open at the proximal end and closed at the distal end.
A plurality of air diffusion holes 24 are formed along the longitudinal direction of the peripheral surface of the air diffusion path 21 so that air continuously supplied from the base end of the air diffusion path 21 can be discharged from the plurality of air diffusion holes 24. It has become.

<2.2> Buoyancy adjustment path The buoyancy adjustment path 22 is a dedicated path for adjusting the buoyancy of the float / sink zone 20, and by selectively supplying air or ballast water into the buoyancy adjust path 22, the float / sink zone 20. Buoyancy can be adjusted.
In this example, the buoyancy adjustment path 22 is described as being formed in a U shape over the entire length of the float / sink zone 20 so that both ends of the buoyancy adjust path 22 are exposed at one end of the float / sink zone 20. A straight line may be used without folding.

<2.3> Example of flow path formation In this example, a commercially available hose, tube, or pipe is applied to the air diffusion path 21 or the buoyancy adjustment path 22, but the inside of a columnar body made of soft resin is drilled. The air diffusion path 21 and the buoyancy adjustment path 22 may be formed.
When a commercially available hose, tube or pipe is substituted, it may be integrated by being inserted into the net-made tube bag 25 so that they are not scattered, or a plurality of places may be bound by a band material and integrated. Good.

<2.4> Weight The present invention is not intended to adjust the buoyancy of the floating zone 20 only by the weight of the weight 23, but by selecting the fluid (air or ballast water) to be supplied to the buoyancy adjustment path 22. The buoyancy of the floating zone 20 can be adjusted.
As the buoyancy adjustment means of the buoyancy zone 20, the combination of switching of the weight 23 and the fluid (air or ballast water) supplied to the buoyancy adjustment path 22 is adopted by remotely controlling the rise and fall of the buoyancy zone 20, This is because the expansion work and the removal work of the floating zone 20 are performed smoothly.
For example, a metal chain or a metal plate can be applied to the weight 23.
In this example, a form in which the weight 23 is integrally attached to a part of the cylindrical bag 25 is shown, but there is no restriction on the attachment position of the weight 23 as long as it is a part of the floating zone 20.

<2.5> Weight of Weight The weight 23 is an auxiliary weight that does not hinder the rising and lowering of the floating zone 20.
The weight of the weight 23 is such that when the buoyancy adjustment path 22 is filled with air, the float / sink 20 can be lifted, and the buoyancy adjustment path 22 is filled with ballast water so that the air is continuously supplied to the air diffusion path 21 of the float / sink 20. The weight is set so as to maintain the sinking of the floating zone 20 when supplied.
That is, the buoyancy of the float zone 20 can be arbitrarily adjusted by appropriately selecting the air filling amount and the ballast water filling amount with respect to the buoyancy adjustment path 22.

<3> Air / Water Supply Device The air / water supply device 30 is a device for supplying air to the air diffusion path 21 of the float zone 20 and supplying air or ballast water to the buoyancy adjusting path 22.
Referring to FIG. 2, at least the air / water supply device 30 includes an air supply pump 31 and a water supply pump 32.

<3.1> Air Supply Means to the Air Diffuse Channel An air supply pipe 40 is connected between the discharge side of the air supply pump 31 and the proximal end of the air diffuser path 21, and air is supplied to the air diffuser path 21 through the air supply pipe 40. Can be continuously supplied.

<3.2> Fluid supply means to the buoyancy adjustment path Further, a shared pipe 41 is connected between the discharge side of the air supply pump 31 and one end of the buoyancy adjustment path 22, and the discharge side of the shared pipe 41 and the water pump 32 A three-way switching valve 33 is interposed therebetween, and air or ballast water can be supplied to the buoyancy adjustment path 22 through the shared pipe 41 by switching the switching valve 33.

<3.3> Drain Pipe A drain pipe 42 is connected to the other end of the buoyancy adjustment path 22 so that air or ballast water supplied to the buoyancy adjustment path 22 can be discharged to the outside.
Note that reference numerals 34 to 36 in FIG. 2 are open / close valves provided in the pipes 40 to 42, and the flow paths of the pipes 40 to 42 can be opened and closed by opening / closing the open / close valves 34 to 36. .

FIG. 2 shows an example of a supply circuit that selectively supplies air or ballast water to the floating zone 20, and the supply circuit of air or ballast water is not limited to this.
Moreover, although the connection position of the several pipes 40-42 is shown in this example about the form which aligned the one end part of the sinking zone 20, the connection position of the several pipes 40-42 with respect to the sinking zone 20 can be selected suitably, for example, A plurality of tubes 40 to 42 may be connected to the central portion of the floating zone 20.

[How to use a bubble-type water pollution prevention fence]
A method of using the bubble-type water pollution prevention fence 10 will be described with reference to the drawings.

<1> Expansion of Floating Zone The floating zone 20 is carried into the site in a state of being wound in a roll shape or folded, and is spread over the capture range of the spilled oil.
As a method for extending the ups and downs 20, it may be mounted on a work boat and extended, or a rope may be connected to the tip of the ups and downs 20 to pull it.
At this time, a plurality of tubes 40 to 42 are connected to the floating zone 20.

With reference to FIG. 3, the expansion work of the floating zone 20 will be described in detail.
When the floating zone 20 is expanded, the air supply pump 31 of the air / water supply device 30 is operated for a short time to fill the buoyancy adjustment path 22 of the floating zone 20 with the air 38. When the air 38 is filled in the buoyancy adjustment path 22, the open / close valves 34 and 35 interposed in the shared pipe 41 and the drain pipe 42 are closed, and the air 38 is sealed in the buoyancy adjustment path 22.

By enclosing the air 38 in the buoyancy adjustment path 22, the buoyancy of the buoyancy zone 20 is increased, so that the buoyancy zone 20 can be stretched in a lifted state.
Therefore, there is no need to worry that when the floating zone 20 is extended, the floating zone 20 is caught on the bottom of the bottom G, or the floating zone 20 is dragged and damaged.
Furthermore, since the cross-sectional shape of the floating zone 20 is smaller than that of a conventional oil fence and the resistance to water is extremely small, the floating zone 20 can be expanded with a small force.

<2> Sedimentation of the float zone With reference to FIGS. 3 and 4, the water pump 32 is operated with the open / close valve 35 interposed in the drain pipe 42 opened during or after the stretch operation of the float zone 20. The ballast water 37 is supplied into the buoyancy adjustment path 22 by operating.
As the ballast water 37 is filled, the air 38 in the buoyancy adjustment path 22 is exhausted to the outside through the drain pipe 42, so that the buoyancy of the float / sink 20 gradually decreases and the weight of the float / sink 20 gradually increases.
In this way, the float zone 20 can be caused to sink toward the bottom G in a short time with a simple operation of simply replacing the air 38 in the buoyancy adjustment path 22 with the ballast water 37.
After landing on the bottom G, the floating zone 20 may be positioned by its own weight or may be positioned by connecting to the bottom anchor.
If the ballast water 37 enclosed in the buoyancy adjustment path 22 is in a pressurized state by adding a small amount of air or ballast water from the proximal end of the supply pipe 41 and closing the open / close valve 35, Even when an external force is applied, the floating zone 20 can be prevented from being inadvertently deformed.
Moreover, even if the expansion position of the ups and downs 20 overlaps with the ship's route, the ups and downs 20 does not hinder the navigation of the ship by sinking the ups and downs 20, and the ups and downs 20 does not need to be damaged.

<3> Generation of rising water flow by bubbles (formation of bubble curtain)
Referring to FIG. 5, the floating zone 20 is settled on the bottom G with the ballast water 37 sealed in the entire area in the buoyancy adjustment path 22.
In this state, the air supply pump 31 is continuously operated, and the air 38 is continuously supplied to the air diffusion path 21 inside the rise / fall zone 20.
By continuously supplying air to the air diffusion path 21, buoyancy is generated in the floating zone 20, but the weight 23 and the weight of the ballast water 37 are related to counteract this buoyancy. Even if the air 38 is continuously supplied to the path 21, the floating zone 20 does not rise.

The air supplied to the air diffusion path 21 is ejected through the air diffusion holes 24 to form the bubble group 51. When the bubble group 51 rises, the surrounding water is entrained and the rising water flow 50 is formed in a curtain shape.
This rising water flow 50 can effectively suppress the diffusion of the spilled oil 53.
Since the rising water flow 50 is continuously formed in a curtain shape from the bottom G to the water surface, there is no fear that the spilled oil 53 passes under the rising water flow 50 and flows out to the outside.
Since the spilled oil 53 is suppressed from being diffused by the rising water flow 50, the spilled oil 53 does not adhere to the floating zone 20.

<4> Removal With reference to FIGS. 4 and 3, the removal work of the floating zone 20 will be described.
After the use purpose of the bubble-type water pollution prevention fence 10 is finished, the air supply pump 31 is operated with the opening / closing valve 35 interposed in the drain pipe 42 opened to supply the air 38 into the buoyancy adjustment path 22. The ballast water 37 in the buoyancy adjustment path 22 is replaced with air 38.
As the air 38 is supplied, the ballast water 37 in the buoyancy adjusting path 22 is discharged to the outside through the drain pipe 42.
When the ballast water 37 in the buoyancy adjustment path 22 is replaced with air 38, the open / close valves 34 and 35 interposed in the shared pipe 41 and the drain pipe 42 are closed to enclose the air 38 in the buoyancy adjustment path 22.
By filling the entire area of the buoyancy adjustment path 22 with the air 38, the buoyancy of the float zone 20 gradually increases and the weight of the float zone 20 gradually decreases. Therefore, the float zone 20 shown in FIG. 4 floats as shown in FIG. To do.

As described above, according to the present invention, the floating zone 20 can be lifted simply by filling the buoyancy adjusting path 22 with the air 38, and therefore, the floating zone 20 can be easily removed.
Since the spilled oil 53 does not adhere to the floating zone 20, it is possible to omit the operation of removing the adhered oil, and the collected floating zone 20 can be used repeatedly, which is very economical.

In an offshore platform or the like, it is known that a bubble generating tube is sunk and permanently installed in the bottom of the water around a vessel that is anchored in order to prevent spilled oil from diffusing.
When the bubble generating tube is permanently installed on the bottom of the water, there is a risk that the bubble generating tube is dragged by the anchor of the ship and damaged.
On the other hand, when the ups and downs zone 20 that can float and sink around the ship is installed, as described above, the bubble curtain is formed through the sinking zone 20 while preventing the spilled oil from spreading. When the ship's anchor is pulled up, damage due to the anchor can be avoided by simply ascending the floating zone 20.

  Other embodiments will be described below. In the description, the same parts as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.

Another embodiment of the floating zone 20 will be described with reference to FIGS.
In the first embodiment, the form in which the buoyancy adjustment path 22 is configured by a single pipe has been described. However, the buoyancy adjustment path 22 is an outer pipe 22a whose tip is closed, and the inner pipe which is inserted into the outer pipe 22a and the tip is opened. You may comprise with the multiple tube which consists of 22b.
In the present embodiment, the central path 22c of the inner pipe 22b and the annular path 22d formed in the peripheral pipes of both pipes 22a and 22b are formed to communicate with each other, and the proximal end of the central path 22c or the annular path 22d In contrast, the ballast water 37 or the air 38 is connected to the air / water supply device through a plurality of pipes so that the ballast water 37 or the air 38 can be individually supplied and discharged.
It is possible to adjust the buoyancy of the floating zone 20 by selectively supplying the ballast water 37 or the air 38 into the continuous space of the central path 22c and the annular path 22d constituting the buoyancy adjustment path 22. In the example, the same effects as those of the first embodiment are obtained.

In Embodiments 1 and 2 described above, the embodiment in which the total length of the float zone 20 is a constant dimension has been described, but the total length of the float zone 20 may be configured to be adjustable.
In order to adjust the total length of the ups and downs 20, for example, the ups and downs 20 can be constituted by a plurality of divided bodies, and the ups and downs 20 can be extended to an arbitrary length by adding the divided bodies.
As another form for adjusting the total length of the float zone 20, for example, the float zone 20 is configured by a plurality of slide tubes that are superposed on the same axis, and the slide tube is slid and expanded to adjust the overall length of the float zone 20. It may be.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Bubble type water pollution prevention fence 20 Floating zone 21 Aeration path 22 Buoyancy adjustment path 23 Weight 24 Aeration hole 25 Cylindrical bag 30 Air / water supply device 31 Air supply pump 32 Water supply pump 33 Switching valve 34-36 Open / close valve 37 Ballast water 38 Air 40 Air supply pipe 41 Shared pipe 42 Drain pipe 50 Ascending water flow 51 Bubble group

Claims (7)

A bubble type water pollution prevention fence in which a curtain-like rising water flow is formed in the water with the release of bubbles,
A floating zone with a weight,
An air / water supply device capable of selectively supplying air or ballast water to the floating zone;
The ups and downs zone is a diffused passage that generates bubbles by receiving a continuous supply of air from an air / water supply device,
A buoyancy adjustment path that is arranged in parallel with the air diffusion path and that can adjust the buoyancy of the floating zone by receiving supply of air or ballast water from the air / water supply device;
The buoyancy adjustment path is filled with air or ballast water so that the buoyancy of the sag zone can be adjusted.
Bubble type water pollution prevention fence.   The air / water supply device includes an air supply pump and a water supply pump, and can selectively supply air or ballast water to the floating zone through the air supply pump or the water supply pump. The bubble-type water pollution prevention fence of Claim 1.   The floating zone is connected to the air / water supply device via a plurality of pipes, and air is supplied to the air diffusion path by opening / closing valves provided in the plurality of pipes, and the buoyancy is adjusted. The bubble-type water pollution prevention fence according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the supply of air or ballast water toward the road is switchable.   The weight of the weight can rise when the buoyancy adjustment path is filled with air, and the air is continuously supplied to the aeration path of the rise and fall band while the buoyancy adjustment path is filled with ballast water. 2. The bubble-type water pollution prevention fence according to claim 1, wherein the fence is set to a weight capable of maintaining the settlement of the floating zone when discharging.   The bubble-type water pollution prevention fence according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the buoyancy adjustment path is formed to be folded back in a U shape over the entire length of the ups and downs.   The bubble-type water pollution prevention fence according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the buoyancy adjustment path is formed linearly over the entire length of the ups and downs.   The drain pipe is connected to a part of the buoyancy adjustment path, and air or ballast water filled in the buoyancy adjustment path can be discharged to the outside through the drain pipe. The bubble type water pollution prevention fence described.

Images