JP2019199869A - Cooling device of machine element of fluid machine - Google Patents

Abstract

To effectively cool a machine element being an object to be cooled.SOLUTION: Each of cooling devices 35A, 35B comprises: a fixing member 36 disposed below machine elements 25, 30B; a fixed vane 37 fixed to a lower side of the fixing member 36; a container 38 having a bottom wall 38a and a cylindrical outer circumferential wall 38c fixed to a rotary shaft 21, and storing lubricating liquid inside; and an annular lid body 40 fixed to the outer circumferential wall 38c of the container 38. A first clearance 43 for allowing air to flow into the container 38 is formed inside of an inner peripheral portion 40a of the lid body 40, and a second clearance 45 for allowing the lubricating liquid to flow to the machine elements 25, 30B is formed between: the fixing member 36 and the fixed vane 37; and the rotary shaft 21.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

  The present invention relates to a cooling device for a mechanical element of a fluid machine.

  As one of the fluid machines, there is known a stand-by type vertical shaft pump which starts operation before a certain amount of water accumulates in a water absorption tank and can drain immediately when a certain amount of water accumulates. . In this vertical shaft pump, there is a risk that the stationary ring and the rotating ring of the shaft seal device and the sliding body and the rotating shaft of the submerged bearing will be overheated and seized due to sliding contact during the aerial operation where drainage is not performed.

  Patent Documents 1 and 2 disclose a vertical shaft pump including a protection device that protects mechanical elements such as a shaft seal device and an underwater bearing. The protection device includes a container capable of storing a part of the pumped water to be discharged, and this container is disposed at the lower part of the machine element.

JP-A-5-202892 JP 2005-83357 A

  In the vertical shaft pumps of Patent Documents 1 and 2, since the machine element can be cooled by the water in the container during the air operation, seizure of the machine element can be suppressed. However, in these protective devices, nothing is taken into account for positively supplying water (lubricating liquid) in the container to the machine element to be cooled.

  It is an object of the present invention to provide a cooling device for a machine element of a fluid machine that can supply a lubricating liquid to a machine element to be cooled and can effectively cool the machine element.

  One aspect of the present invention is a cooling device for a machine element of a fluid machine that has a rotating shaft extending in the up-down direction, the fixing member being disposed below the machine element so as to surround the rotating shaft; A fixed vane fixed to the lower side of the fixing member; a bottom wall fixed to the rotating shaft below the fixed vane; and a cylindrical outer periphery protruding upward from the bottom wall so as to surround the fixed vane And a container in which the lubricating liquid is stored, and an annular lid fixed to the outer peripheral wall of the container so as to be positioned above the fixed vane. A first gap that allows air to flow into the container is formed between an inner peripheral portion and a facing portion that faces the inner peripheral portion, and the fixing member, the fixed vane, and the rotating shaft During which a second fluid flow is allowed to the machine element. During is formed to provide a cooling system of the machine elements of the fluid machine.

  According to this cooling device, when the rotating shaft rotates, the container rotates integrally, and the stationary vane is kept stationary in the container. The lubricating liquid in the container tends to flow in the direction in which the container rotates, but the flow is suppressed by the fixed vanes. Thereby, the rotational energy of the lubricating liquid is converted into pressure, air flows in from the first gap inside the lid, and the lubricating liquid is supplied to the machine element from the second gap outside the rotating shaft. Therefore, since the machine element which penetrated the rotating shaft can be effectively cooled, the operation can be continued even when there is no liquid around the machine element.

  An inner diameter of the lid is smaller than an outer diameter of the fixed vane. According to this aspect, the lubricating liquid can be prevented from scattering from the upper end of the container due to the rotation of the container. In addition, by reducing the first gap between the lid and the facing portion as much as possible, the pressure for flowing the lubricant to the machine element can be increased, and the lift of the lubricant can be increased.

  The fixing member includes an outer peripheral wall that surrounds the outer peripheral wall of the container. According to this aspect, when the outside of the cooling device is filled with the liquid by the gap (air layer) formed between the outer peripheral wall of the container and the outer peripheral wall of the fixing member, the liquid can enter the container. Can be prevented. Therefore, the foreign material contained in the liquid can be prevented from reaching the mechanical element through the container, and the mechanical element can be prevented from being damaged by the foreign material.

  A spiral groove is provided on the outer surface of the outer peripheral wall of the container or the inner surface of the outer peripheral wall of the fixing member. It is preferable that the groove pivots in a direction in which the substance moves from the inside of the container to the outside by the rotation of the rotation shaft. According to this aspect, it is possible to effectively prevent foreign matters from entering from the outside to the inside of the container.

  The fluid machine includes a flow path for injecting a lubricating liquid into the container. According to this aspect, since the lubricating liquid according to the machine element to be cooled can be injected as necessary, the machine element can be effectively cooled.

  A sensor for detecting a level of the lubricating liquid in the container; According to this aspect, it is possible to prevent the lubricating liquid in the container from being insufficient and the mechanical elements from being cooled. Moreover, the convenience regarding management of a cooling device can be improved.

  The fluid machine is a pump that discharges liquid through a pump casing, and the mechanical element is disposed in a portion of the pump casing through which the rotating shaft passes, and the liquid inside the pump casing leaks to the outside. It is a shaft seal device that prevents According to this aspect, since the lubricating liquid is interposed between the pump casing and the shaft seal device, the odor of the liquid discharged by the vertical shaft pump can be blocked by the lubricating liquid. Therefore, when the pump is used for discharging sewage, leakage of malodor from the pump can be effectively suppressed.

  In the cooling device of the present invention, the container is integrally rotated by the rotation of the rotation shaft, and the stationary vane is maintained in a stationary state in the container, so that the rotational energy of the lubricating liquid in the container is converted into pressure, The lubricating liquid can be reliably supplied from the second gap to the machine element. Therefore, it is possible to effectively cool the mechanical element that has penetrated the rotating shaft.

Sectional drawing which shows the vertical shaft pump carrying the cooling device which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. Sectional drawing which expanded the 1st cooling device of FIG. III-III sectional view taken on the line of FIG. Schematic which shows the state of the 1st cooling device at the time of a pump stop. Schematic which shows the state of the 1st cooling device at the time of aerial operation. Schematic which shows the state of the 1st cooling device at the time of drainage operation. Sectional drawing which expanded the 2nd cooling device of FIG. Schematic which shows the state of the 2nd cooling device at the time of a pump stop. Schematic which shows the state of the 2nd cooling device at the time of aerial operation. Schematic which shows the state of the 2nd cooling device at the time of drainage operation. Sectional drawing which shows the 1st cooling device of 2nd Embodiment.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

(First embodiment)
FIG. 1 shows a vertical shaft pump (hereinafter referred to as “pump”) 10 which is a fluid machine using the cooling devices 35A and 35B according to the first embodiment of the present invention. This pump 10 is a prior standby type that switches to drainage (total water) operation, air-water mixing operation, and air operation according to the water level of the water absorption tank 1, and has the same basic structure as a general vertical shaft pump. In this embodiment, the first cooling device 35A is disposed below the shaft seal device 25 described later, and the second cooling device 35B is disposed below the submersible bearing 30B. .

(Outline of vertical shaft pump)
As shown in FIG. 1, the pump 10 includes a pump casing 12, a rotating shaft 21, and an impeller 23.

  The pump casing 12 is fixed to the installation floor 2 that covers the upper part of the water absorption tank 1. The pump casing 12 includes a pumping pipe 13 disposed in the water absorption tank 1 so as to extend in the vertical direction, and a discharge pipe 18 disposed on the installation floor 2. The pumping pipe 13 includes a straight pipe 14, a vane casing 15, and a bell mouth 17, which are connected in this order from top to bottom. The discharge pipe 18 includes a discharge elbow 19 that is curved by 90 degrees, and is connected to the upper end of the straight pipe 14. A water supply pipe (not shown) for draining downstream is connected to the outlet of the discharge elbow 19.

  The rotary shaft 21 is arranged in the pumping pipe 13 so as to extend in the vertical direction along the axis of the pumping pipe 13. The upper end of the rotating shaft 21 penetrates the discharge elbow 19 and protrudes outward, and the penetrating portion of the pump casing 12 is sealed in a watertight manner by the shaft seal device 25. The rotary shaft 21 is rotatably supported by the underwater bearings 30A to 30C in the pumping pipe 13.

  Referring to FIG. 2, the shaft seal device 25 is a mechanical seal that is fixed to the outside of the through hole 19 a of the discharge elbow 19 and prevents the pumped water in the pump casing 12 from leaking to the outside. The shaft seal device 25 includes a housing 26 fixed to the outside of the discharge elbow 19, a fixed ring 27 fixed to the housing 26, and a rotary ring 28 fixed to the rotary shaft 21. A sealing surface is formed by the sliding contact portion of the fixed ring 27 and the rotary ring 28, and prevents liquid from flowing out from the inner side (communication portion 29) located toward the rotary shaft 21 to the outer side (atmosphere) (outside type). .

  The underwater bearings 30 </ b> A to 30 </ b> C are so-called dry bearings, and are self-lubricated by pumping water in the pump casing 12 during normal drainage operation of the pump 10. The underwater bearings 30A to 30C are self-lubricating sliding bearings that function as bearings even when the pump 10 is in the air operation state. Referring to FIG. 5, the underwater bearings 30 </ b> A to 30 </ b> C include a sliding body 31 made of ceramic or a resin having low thermal conductivity, and a casing 32 that holds the sliding body 31.

  The impeller 23 is disposed below the bearing casing 16 and is fixed to the rotary shaft 21. The upper end of the impeller 23 is located at the drainage start water level determined by the specification.

  A driving means (not shown) is mechanically connected to the upper end of the rotating shaft 21. As the drive means, an electric motor or a diesel engine which is one of internal combustion engines is used.

  When the driving means is driven, the impeller 23 rotates integrally with the rotating shaft 21. When the water level in the water absorption tank 1 is higher than the upper end of the impeller 23, the water in the water absorption tank 1 is discharged downstream through the pump casing 12 (drainage operation). When the water level is lowered to a certain level by drainage, water and air are sucked from the suction port 17a of the pump casing 12 (air-water mixing operation). When the water level further decreases and the amount of air sucked increases, the impeller 23 cannot discharge the water in the water absorption tank 1 (air operation). When this aerial operation is continued and the water level in the water absorption tank 1 rises, the operation shifts to the drain operation again.

  In the conventional pump that does not use the cooling devices 35A and 35B, the fixed ring 27 and the rotary ring 28 of the shaft seal device 25 and the sliding body 31 of the submerged bearing 30B are cooled by pumping water during the drainage operation and the air / water mixing operation. Therefore, it will not overheat. During the air operation, the rotating ring 28, the stationary ring 27, and the sliding body 31 are not cooled by the pumped water, and thus overheat when the air operation time becomes longer.

  In the present embodiment, a first cooling device 35 </ b> A that cools the stationary ring 27 and the rotating ring 28 is disposed below the shaft seal device 25 in order to prevent overheating during the air operation. A second cooling device 35 </ b> B that cools the sliding body 31 is disposed below the underwater bearing 30 </ b> B disposed in the bearing casing 16.

(Configuration of shaft seal device and cooling device)
As shown in FIG. 2, the shaft seal device 25 includes an annular fixed ring 27 and a rotary ring 28 through which the rotary shaft 21 penetrates inside the housing 26. In FIG. 2, a communication portion 29 is formed between the stationary ring 27 positioned on the lower side and the rotary shaft 21 so as to communicate with the pump casing 12 and allow fluid to flow. The rotary ring 28 located on the upper side in FIG. 2 is urged by a spring (not shown) toward the fixed ring 27, and the rotary shaft 21 is sealed with an O-ring. As the rotary shaft 21 rotates, the rotary ring 28 comes into sliding contact with the fixed ring 27, and liquid leakage from the communicating portion 29 (in the pump casing 12) to the radially outer side (atmosphere) is prevented by this sliding contact (outside). form).

  35 A of 1st cooling devices are arrange | positioned in the pump casing 12 so that it may be located in the lower side of the shaft seal device 25, the inside of the pump casing 12 and the shaft seal device 25 are interrupted | blocked, and the shaft seal device 25 is used with the exclusive lubricating liquid. Cool down. The cooling device 35 </ b> A includes a fixing member 36 fixed to the discharge elbow 19, a fixed vane 37 fixed to the fixing member 36, a container 38 fixed to the rotating shaft 21, and a lid body 40 fixed to the container 38.

  The fixing member 36 includes a cylindrical base portion 36a that surrounds the through hole 19a and the rotation shaft 21, and a flange portion 36b that protrudes radially outward from the base portion 36a. The flange portion 36b is fixed around the through hole 19a inside the discharge elbow 19 by screws. On the upper side of the base portion 36a, an expanded portion 36c is formed by expanding the inner peripheral surface radially outward. A cylindrical outer peripheral wall 36d protruding downward is provided on the outer periphery of the flange portion 36b. The outer peripheral wall 36d of the present embodiment is formed separately from the fixing member 36 and is fixed to the flange portion 36b. However, the outer peripheral wall 36d may be integrated with the fixing member 36.

  The fixed vane 37 includes an annular substrate 37a fixed to the lower end of the base portion 36a, and protrudes downward from the substrate 37a. Referring also to FIG. 3, the fixed vane 37 has a semi-cylindrical shape when viewed from the axial direction of the rotary shaft 21, and a plurality of fixed vanes 37 are provided at intervals in the circumferential direction around the axis of the rotary shaft 21. In the radial direction of the substrate 37a, the outer end of the fixed vane 37 is located at the outer peripheral edge of the substrate 37a, and the inner end of the fixed vane 37 is located at the inner peripheral edge of the substrate 37a. The direction in which the fixed vane 37 curves is the same as the direction R in which the rotating shaft 21 rotates (counterclockwise in FIG. 3). That is, the fixed vane 37 has an arc shape that is recessed in the direction R in which the rotating shaft 21 rotates.

  The container 38 includes a bottom wall 38a fixed to the rotary shaft 21 and an outer peripheral wall 38c protruding upward from the bottom wall 38a, and has a bottomed cylindrical shape as a whole. A liquid storage chamber 39 for storing a lubricating liquid is formed in the container 38 by the bottom wall 38a and the outer peripheral wall 38c. A cylindrical fixing portion 38b having the same axis as the rotation shaft 21 is provided on the inner periphery of the bottom wall 38a. The fixed portion 38b is disposed below the fixed vane 37 and is fixed to the rotating shaft 21 by a set bolt. A space between the fixed portion 38b and the rotary shaft 21 is sealed with an O-ring. The outer peripheral wall 38c is disposed between the outer peripheral portion of the fixed vane 37 and the outer peripheral wall 36d of the fixing member. The outer peripheral wall 38 c extends from the outer peripheral portion of the bottom wall 38 a beyond the upper end of the fixed vane 37 so as to surround the fixed vane 37.

  The lid 40 is formed of an annular plate, is fixed to the upper end of the outer peripheral wall 38 c of the container 38, and is disposed at the same height as the base 36 a of the fixing member 36. The lid 40 projects radially inward from the outer peripheral wall 38 c and covers the upper part of the outer periphery of the fixed vane 37. More specifically, the outer diameter of the lid body 40 and the outer diameter of the outer peripheral wall 38 c are the same, and the inner diameter of the lid body 40 is smaller than the outer diameter of the fixed vane 37.

  Referring also to FIG. 3, a gap 42 having a predetermined interval L <b> 1 is formed between the outer peripheral wall 36 d of the fixing member 36 and the outer peripheral wall 38 c of the container 38. A gap (first gap) 43 having a predetermined interval L2 is formed between the inner peripheral portion 40a of the lid 40 and the base portion (opposing portion) 36a of the fixing member 36 facing the inner peripheral portion 40a. ing. A gap 44 having a predetermined interval L3 is formed between the fixed vane 37 and the outer peripheral wall 38c of the container 38. A gap (second gap) 45 having a predetermined interval L4 is formed between the fixed vane 37 and the rotary shaft 21 and between the fixed member 36 and the rotary shaft 21. The distances L1 to L4 between the individual gaps 42 to 45 are possible as long as the liquid and the gas can flow without interfering with the fixed member 36 and the fixed vane 37 due to the rotation of the rotating shaft 21 and the container 38. As small as possible.

  The clearance 42 between the outer peripheral walls 36d and 38c and the clearance 43 between the inner peripheral portion 40a and the base portion 36a are spatially communicated via a clearance 46 between the lid 40 and the flange portion 36b. The gap 43 on the inner side of the inner peripheral portion 40 a, the gap 44 on the outer side of the fixed vane 37, and the gap 45 on the outer side of the rotating shaft 21 are in spatial communication with each other via the liquid storage chamber 39 of the container 38. Further, the gap 42 between the outer peripheral walls 36 d and 38 c is spatially communicated with the pump casing 12, and the gap 45 outside the rotary shaft 21 is spatially communicated with the communication portion 29 of the shaft seal device 25.

  In the cooling device 35A configured as described above, the gap 42 between the outer peripheral walls 36d and 38c allows inflow and outflow of air and pumped water in the pump casing 12. The gap 43 (first gap) inside the inner peripheral portion 40a of the lid 40 allows only air to flow. This is because the lid 40 prevents the lubricant from flowing out of the container 38 and the air in the gaps 42 and 46 prevents the pumped water from flowing in the pump casing 12 (see FIG. 4C). The gap 44 outside the fixed vane 37 allows the lubricant and air to flow. A gap (second gap) 45 outside the rotating shaft 21 allows the flow of only the lubricating liquid.

  Next, the operation of the first cooling device 35A will be described with reference to the schematic diagrams of FIGS. 4A to 4C. 4A shows the state when the rotating shaft 21 is stopped, FIG. 4B shows the state during the air operation, and FIG. 4C shows the state during the drainage operation.

  As shown in FIG. 4A, a predetermined amount of lubricating liquid is stored in advance in the liquid storage chamber 39 of the container 38. As the lubricating liquid, it is preferable to use a liquid capable of effectively cooling the stationary ring 27 and the rotating ring 28. For example, fresh water can be used. The amount of the lubricating liquid stored is preferably as large as possible. In this embodiment, the amount of the gap 43 between the lid 40 and the fixing member 36 is set to be filled with the lubricating liquid. The inside of the container 38 including the gap 44 outside the fixed vane 37 is filled with the lubricating liquid, and the gap 45 outside the rotating shaft 21 is filled up to the same height as the liquid level in the gap 43 with the lubricating liquid. In addition, the gaps 42 and 46 between the container 38 and the lid 40 and the fixing member 36 are filled with air (air layer).

  As shown in FIG. 4B, when the rotating shaft 21 is rotated, the container 38 and the lid body 40 rotate integrally, and the fixed vane 37 fixed to the fixing member 36 is maintained in a stationary state in the container 38. Thereby, the lubricating liquid in the container 38 tends to flow in the direction R in which the container 38 rotates, but the flow is suppressed by the fixed vane 37. By the flow suppression by the fixed vane 37, the rotational energy of the lubricating liquid is converted into pressure. As a result, the lubricating liquid flows into the communication portion 29 through the gap 45 on the outer side of the rotating shaft 21, and the communication portion 29 is filled with the lubricating liquid. Further, the air in the pump casing 12 flows into the container 38 through the gaps 42 and 43. Thus, during the air operation, since the lubricating liquid in the container 38 is supplied to the shaft seal device 25 through the gap 45 outside the rotating shaft 21, the stationary ring 27 and the rotating ring 28 can be effectively cooled. Therefore, the air operation can be continued for a long time.

  As shown in FIG. 4C, when the pump 10 shifts to the drainage operation, the periphery of the cooling device 35A is filled with pumped water. At this time, the opening portions at the lower ends of the outer peripheral walls 36 d and 38 c are closed by pumping water, and air is confined in the gaps 42 and 43 between the fixing member 36 and the container 38. This air layer prevents the pumped water from flowing into the container 38 and prevents the pumped water from adhering to the shaft seal device 25. Therefore, corrosion and abrasive wear (breakage) of the shaft seal device 25 due to foreign matters contained in the pumped water can be prevented.

  As described above, according to the first cooling device 35A of the present embodiment, the stationary ring 27 and the rotating ring 28 can be effectively cooled by the lubricating liquid contained in the container 38 during the air operation. Further, since the container 38 is provided with the lid body 40 having an inner diameter smaller than the outer diameter of the fixed vane 37, the rotation of the container 38 can prevent the lubricating liquid from scattering from the upper end of the outer peripheral wall 38c. In addition, by reducing the gap 43 between the fixing member 36 and the lid body 40 as much as possible, the pressure at which the lubricating liquid flows to the shaft seal device 25 can be increased, and the lift of the lubricating liquid can be increased. Therefore, the shaft seal device 25 can be reliably cooled.

  During the drainage operation shown in FIG. 4C, not only the flow of pumped water toward the shaft seal device 25 but also the smell of pumped water can be blocked by the lubricating liquid and the air layer interposed between the pump casing 12 and the shaft seal device 25. Therefore, in the case of the pump 10 used for discharging sewage, leakage of malodor from the shaft seal device 25 can be effectively suppressed.

(Configuration of underwater bearing and cooling device)
As shown in FIG. 5, the underwater bearing 30 </ b> B includes an annular sliding body 31 through which the rotary shaft 21 is penetrated inside the casing 32. The casing 32 is fixed to the sleeve 16 a of the bearing casing 16. The casing 32 has a cylindrical shape with openings at both ends, and includes a flange portion 32 a fixed to the bearing casing 16 at the lower end, and a flange portion 32 b that positions the upper end surface of the sliding body 31 at the upper end. The sliding body 31 is fixed inside the casing 32 and is positioned with a gap 33 defined with respect to the outer peripheral surface of the rotating shaft 21.

  The 2nd cooling device 35B is arrange | positioned in the pump casing 12 so that it may be located under the underwater bearing 30B. Similarly to the first cooling device 35A, the second cooling device 35B shuts off the inside of the pump casing 12 and the underwater bearing 30B, and cools the underwater bearing 30B with a dedicated lubricating liquid. The second cooling device 35B includes a fixing member 36, a fixed vane 37, a container 38, and a lid body 40, and has the same basic structure as the first cooling device 35A.

  The fixing member 36 includes only the flange portion 36b, and does not include the base portion 36a, the expanded portion 36c, and the outer peripheral wall 36d shown in FIG. That is, the fixing member 36 is configured by an annular plate body, and is fixed to the bearing casing 16 together with the casing 32 by screwing.

  The fixed vane 37 is different from the fixed vane 37 of the first cooling device 35A in that the fixed vane 37 is provided outside the support cylinder 37b instead of the substrate 37a shown in FIG. Specifically, the fixed vane 37 includes a cylindrical support cylinder 37b that surrounds the rotation shaft 21, and protrudes radially outward from the support cylinder 37b. The support cylinder 37b is fixed to the inner peripheral portion of the fixing member 36, and a plurality of fixed vanes 37 are provided at intervals in the circumferential direction of the support cylinder 37b. A sleeve 22 is disposed on the rotary shaft 21, and a spiral groove 22 a that is recessed inward in the radial direction is provided in a portion corresponding to the support cylinder 37 b of the sleeve 22.

  Similar to the container 38 of the first cooling device 35A, the container 38 includes a bottom wall 38a, a fixing portion 38b, and an outer peripheral wall 38c. And it differs from the container 38 of the 1st cooling device 35A by the point which extended the outer peripheral wall 38c so that the upper end of the outer peripheral wall 38c may be located above the fixing member 36. FIG.

  The lid 40 is disposed at the same height as the lower portion of the sleeve 16 a of the bearing casing 16. The inner peripheral portion 40 a of the lid body 40 faces the sleeve 16 a of the bearing casing 16 with a minute gap 43 therebetween. The inner circumferential portion 40a is provided with a labyrinth seal portion 40b formed of an annular groove that is recessed outward in the radial direction.

  Since the fixing member 36 of the second cooling device 35B does not include the outer peripheral wall 36d, there is no gap 42 shown in FIG. A gap (first gap) 43 having a minute interval L2 is formed between the inner peripheral portion 40a of the lid 40 and the sleeve (opposing portion) 16a of the bearing casing 16 facing the inner peripheral portion 40a. Yes. Further, clearances 44 and 45 similar to those of the first cooling device 35 </ b> A are formed on the outer periphery of the fixed vane 37 and the outer periphery of the rotating shaft 21.

  The inside of the container 38 and the inside of the pump casing 12 communicate with each other through a gap 43 inside the inner peripheral portion 40 a of the lid body 40. However, the gap 43 prevents the pumped water in the pump casing 12 from flowing into the container 38 by the labyrinth seal portion 40b, and allows only gas to flow in. The other gaps 44 and 45 are set similarly to the first cooling device 35A. Further, the outer gap 45 of the rotating shaft 21 is in spatial communication with the inner gap 33 of the sliding body 31.

  In the pump casing 12, a flow path 48 for injecting a lubricating liquid into the container 38 is formed. The flow path 48 is constituted by an internal space of a pipe portion 49 provided from the vane casing 15 to the sleeve 16a. The outer end of the channel 48 is open to the atmosphere and is sealed by a sealing member such as a bolt during normal use. The inner end of the flow path 48 is opened above the underwater bearing 30B in the sleeve 16a. The lubricating liquid injected from the outside of the vane casing 15 flows into the sleeve 16 a through the flow path 48, and is stored in the container 38 through the gap 33 between the rotating shaft 21 and the sliding body 31.

  Next, the operation of the second cooling device 35B will be described with reference to the schematic diagrams of FIGS. 6A to 6C. 6A shows a state when the rotating shaft 21 is stopped, FIG. 6B shows a state during the air operation, and FIG. 6C shows a state during the drain operation.

  As shown in FIG. 6A, a predetermined amount of lubricating liquid is stored in advance in the liquid storage chamber 39 of the container 38. As the lubricating liquid, it is preferable to use a liquid capable of effectively cooling the sliding body 31. For example, fresh water can be used. The amount of the lubricating liquid stored is preferably as large as possible. In this embodiment, the amount of the fixing member 36 is set to an amount soaking in the lubricating liquid. The inside of the container 38 including the gap 44 outside the fixed vane 37 is substantially filled with the lubricating liquid, and the gap 45 outside the rotating shaft 21 is filled up to the same height as the liquid level inside the container 38 with the lubricating liquid.

  As shown in FIG. 6B, when the rotating shaft 21 is rotated, the container 38 and the lid body 40 rotate integrally, and the fixed vane 37 fixed to the fixing member 36 is maintained in a stationary state in the container 38. The flow of the lubricating liquid in the container 38 is suppressed by the fixed vane 37, and the rotational energy of the lubricating liquid is converted into pressure. As a result, the lubricating liquid flows into the gap 33 inside the sliding body 31 through the gap 45 outside the rotating shaft 21, and the gap 33 is filled with the lubricating liquid. Further, the air in the pump casing 12 flows into the container 38 through the gap 43. Thus, during the air operation, since the lubricating liquid in the container 38 is supplied to the underwater bearing 30B through the gap 45 outside the rotating shaft 21, the sliding body 31 can be effectively cooled. Therefore, the air operation can be continued for a long time.

  As shown in FIG. 6C, when the pump 10 shifts to the drainage operation, the periphery of the cooling device 35B is filled with pumped water. However, since the gap 43 between the lid 40 and the sleeve 16a is formed at a small interval and the labyrinth seal portion 40b is formed on the inner peripheral portion 40a, the pumped water does not flow into the container 38. Therefore, since the adhesion of the pumped water to the sliding body 31 can be prevented, the abrasive wear (breakage) of the submersible bearing 30B due to the foreign matter contained in the pumped water can be prevented.

  As described above, according to the second cooling device 35B of the present embodiment, the sliding body 31 can be effectively cooled by the lubricating liquid contained in the container 38 during the air operation. Further, since the container 38 is provided with a lid 40 having an inner diameter smaller than the outer diameter of the fixed vane 37, it is possible to prevent the lubricating liquid in the container 38 from being scattered and to apply a pressure for flowing the lubricating liquid to the underwater bearing 30B. Can be big. In addition, since the flow path 48 is formed in the pump casing 12 and a lubricating liquid corresponding to the sliding body 31 to be cooled can be injected as needed, the sliding body 31 can be effectively cooled.

(Second Embodiment)
FIG. 7 shows the pump 10 using the cooling device 35 </ b> A according to the second embodiment for the shaft seal device 25. As shown in FIG. 7, the pump casing 12 is formed with a flow path 50 for injecting the lubricating liquid into the cooling device 35A. The structure of the shaft seal device 25 is the same as that of the shaft seal device 25 of the first embodiment. The basic structure of the cooling device 35A is the same as the cooling device 35A of the first embodiment.

  The flow path 50 is configured by a through hole formed in the discharge elbow 19. The outer end of the channel 50 is open to the atmosphere and is sealed by a sealing member (not shown) during normal use. The inner end of the flow path 50 is opened in the through hole 19a. The lubricating liquid flows into the through hole 19 a through the flow path 50, and is stored in the container 38 through the gap 45 outside the rotating shaft 21.

  The cooling device 35 </ b> A includes a fixing member 36, a fixed vane 37, a container 38, and a lid body 40 as in the first embodiment. The fixing member 36 is different from the fixing member 36 of the first embodiment in that the expanded portion 36c is not provided. The fixed vane 37 is the same as the fixed vane 37 of the first embodiment. The container 38 is different from the container 38 of the first embodiment in that a spiral groove 52 is provided on the outer surface of the outer peripheral wall 38c. The lid 40 is different from the lid 40 of the first embodiment in that a protrusion 40c is provided on the inner peripheral portion 40a.

  Specifically, a concave groove 52 that is recessed radially inward is formed on the outer surface of the outer peripheral wall 38 c of the container 38. The groove 52 is formed in a spiral shape so as to be continuous from the upper end to the lower end of the outer peripheral wall 38c. The direction in which the groove 52 rotates so that the substance (liquid, gas, and fine foreign matter) in the groove 52 moves into the pump casing 12 (that is, downward) as the container 38 rotates integrally with the rotary shaft 21. Is set. Thereby, it is possible to effectively prevent foreign matter from entering the container 38 from the pump casing 12. The groove 52 may be formed in the outer peripheral wall 36d of the fixing member 36.

  A protrusion 40 c that protrudes toward the outside of the container 38 is provided on the inner peripheral portion 40 a of the lid 40. The inner periphery 40a and the inner periphery of the protrusion 40c have the same diameter and constitute one continuous cylindrical inner periphery. Thereby, the axial inner surface length of the lid 40 that defines the gap 43 can be secured. Therefore, the leakage of the lubricating liquid in the container 38 and the intrusion of the liquid outside the container 38 can be effectively prevented. In addition, it is preferable to provide this protrusion also in the cover body 40 of the 2nd cooling device 35B of 1st Embodiment shown in FIG.

  The first cooling device 35A of the present embodiment is provided with a sensor 54 that detects the level of the lubricating liquid in the container 38. The sensor 54 is a level sensor that detects whether or not the liquid level has become lower than a predetermined lower limit liquid level, and is fixed in the container 38. Specifically, the sensor 54 is fixed to the lower surface of the substrate 37 a of the fixed vane 37 fixed to the pump casing 12 through the fixing member 36. Thus, the lack of the lubricating liquid in the container 38 can be easily detected by the sensor 54, and the lubricating liquid can be easily replenished from the flow path 50 when the shortage occurs. Therefore, it becomes possible to prevent the shaft seal device 25 from being cooled. Moreover, the convenience regarding management of the cooling device 35A can be improved. The sensor 54 is also preferably provided on the lid body 40 of the second cooling device 35B of the first embodiment shown in FIG.

  In addition, the cooling device of the machine element of the fluid machine of this invention is not limited to the structure of the said embodiment, A various change is possible.

  For example, in the first cooling device 35A used for the shaft seal device 25, the outer peripheral wall 36d may not be provided on the fixing member 36. Moreover, you may provide the outer peripheral wall 36d in the fixing member 36 of the 2nd cooling device 35B used for the underwater bearing 30B. Moreover, you may arrange | position the cooling device 35A or 35B also to underwater bearing 30A, 30C other than the underwater bearing 30B.

  Although the vertical shaft pump 10 has been described as an example in the above embodiment, the cooling device of the present invention can be used for fluid machines other than the vertical shaft pump 10. The cooling device of the present invention can be used for a shaft seal device (for example, gland packing) and a submerged bearing having different structures and types, and also used for cooling mechanical elements other than the shaft seal device and the submerged bearing. Can do.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Water absorption tank 2 ... Installation floor 10 ... Vertical shaft pump (fluid machine)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 12 ... Pump casing 13 ... Pumping pipe 14 ... Straight pipe 15 ... Vane casing 16 ... Bearing casing 16a ... Sleeve 17 ... Bell mouth 17a ... Suction port 18 ... Discharge pipe 19 ... Discharge elbow 19a ... Through-hole 21 ... Rotating shaft 22 ... Sleeve 22a ... Groove 23 ... Impeller 25 ... Shaft seal device (mechanical element)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 26 ... Housing 27 ... Fixed ring 28 ... Rotating ring 29 ... Communication part 30A-30C ... Underwater bearing (machine element)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 31 ... Sliding body 32 ... Casing 32a ... Flange part 32b ... Flange part 33 ... Clearance 35A, 35B ... Cooling device 36 ... Fixing member 36a ... Base part 36b ... Flange part 36c ... Expanding part 36d ... Outer peripheral wall 37 ... Fixed vane 37a ... Substrate 37b ... support cylinder 38 ... container 38a ... bottom wall 38b ... fixed portion 38c ... outer peripheral wall 39 ... reservoir chamber 40 ... lid body 40a ... inner peripheral portion 40b ... labyrinth seal 40c ... projection 42 ... gap 43 ... gap ( (First gap)
44 ... Gap 45 ... Gap (second gap)
46 ... Gap 48 ... Flow path 49 ... Pipe part 50 ... Flow path 52 ... Groove 54 ... Sensor

Claims (7)

A cooling device for a mechanical element of a fluid machine, in which a rotating shaft extending in the vertical direction is penetrated,
A fixing member disposed on the lower side of the mechanical element so as to surround the rotating shaft;
A fixed vane fixed to the lower side of the fixing member;
A bottom wall fixed to the rotating shaft below the fixed vane and a cylindrical outer peripheral wall protruding upward from the bottom wall so as to surround the fixed vane, and the lubricating liquid is stored therein A container,
An annular lid fixed to the outer peripheral wall of the container so as to be located above the fixed vane;
Between the inner peripheral part of the lid and the facing part facing the inner peripheral part, a first gap is formed that allows air to flow into the container,
A cooling device for a machine element of a fluid machine, wherein a second gap is formed between the fixed member and the fixed vane and the rotating shaft to allow a lubricant to flow to the machine element.   The cooling device for a mechanical element of a fluid machine according to claim 1, wherein an inner diameter of the lid is smaller than an outer diameter of the fixed vane.   The said fixing member is a cooling device of the mechanical element of the fluid machine of Claim 1 or 2 provided with the outer peripheral wall which surrounds the said outer peripheral wall of the said container.   The cooling device for a mechanical element of a fluid machine according to claim 3, wherein a spiral groove is provided on an outer surface of the outer peripheral wall of the container or an inner surface of the outer peripheral wall of the fixing member.   The said fluid machine is a cooling device of the machine element of the fluid machine of any one of Claim 1 to 4 provided with the flow path which inject | pours lubricating liquid in the said container.   The cooling device for a mechanical element of a fluid machine according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising a sensor that detects a level of the lubricating liquid in the container. The fluid machine is a pump that discharges liquid through a pump casing;
The said mechanical element is a shaft seal device which is arrange | positioned in the part which the said rotating shaft of the said pump casing penetrates, and prevents the liquid inside the said pump casing from leaking outside. The cooling device for the machine element of the fluid machine according to Item.

Images