JP2019191085A - Method of determining contamination of heterogeneous gum, apparatus for determining contamination of heterogeneous gum and computer program for determining contamination of heterogeneous gum - Google Patents

Abstract

To quickly determine whether there is a contamination of heterogeneous gum or not.SOLUTION: A determination method of a contamination of heterogeneous gum to gum arabic or gum ghatti includes: (1) a step of applying a pretreatment to original spectral data obtained from a measurement sample by diffuse reflectance near infrared spectroscopy to generate treated spectral data and comparing the treated spectral data with one or more types of standard spectral data obtained in advance regarding the gum arabic or gum ghatti; and (2) a step of determining, according to a comparison result obtained at the step (1), whether a gum sample includes heterogeneous gum or not.SELECTED DRAWING: None

Description

  Disclosed herein is a method for determining contamination of a different gum, an apparatus for determining contamination of a different gum, and a computer program for determining contamination of a different gum.

  In recent years, the use of near infrared spectroscopy has been attempted as a method for inspecting the quality of substances.

  Non-Patent Document 1 discloses that the taste of food and the physical properties of food can be evaluated by the near infrared spectroscopy in addition to the nutritional components contained in the food. Non-Patent Document 2 discloses that the molecular weight of xanthan gum was determined by near infrared spectroscopy.

  Patent Document 1 discloses a method for detecting defective products of polymer compounds by near infrared spectroscopy.

JP 2000-159897 A

Ikehata Akifumi: Food and Development, 2015, Vol. 50, No. 8, p4 ~ 15 Song Z, et al: Carbohydrate Polymers, 2015, Vol. 115, p582-588 S. Al-Assaf, T. Katayama, G. O. Phillips, Y. Sasaki and P. A. Williams, Food and Food Ingredients Journal of Japan, 208, No. 10, 771-780 (2003).

  Natural gums such as gum arabic and gadhi gum are the main ingredients used as emulsifiers in the production of emulsion products.

  The main countries of origin for natural gums are India, Sudan, Chad, Nigeria, Senegal, Mali, Kenya and others. In general, natural gum is collected from gum vines grown in plantations that are open systems and from native gum berries, so the quality is not constant, and gum components other than the target gum are mixed. There is.

  As a method of evaluating the quality of gum arabic, there is a method of evaluating from the average molecular weight and content of each component of arabinogalactan, arabinogalactan-protein, glycoprotein using gel filtration chromatography-multi-angle light scattering analysis. It has been reported (Non-Patent Document 3). However, this method has the disadvantage that it takes a long time of about 140 minutes per sample including sample pretreatment.

In addition, gadhi gum is collected from a self-generated gadolino. Therefore, other natural gums may be mixed when gati gum is collected. The presence / absence of the contamination can be determined by dissolving the collected gum and visually confirming whether or not insoluble spheres remain (where insoluble spheres remain, it is determined that the contamination has occurred). ) However, this method requires a long time of about 3 hours to determine one sample.
An object of the present invention is to quickly determine whether or not a different type of gum is mixed.

  The present inventor has conducted extensive research, and by measuring diffuse reflection using a near-infrared spectrometer, it is possible to quickly determine whether or not a different type of gum is mixed. I found it.

This invention is completed based on the said knowledge, and contains the following aspects.
Item 1.
A method for determining the mixing of different types of gum into gum arabic or gadhi gum,
(1) One or more types of pre-processed spectral data generated by pre-processing original spectral data acquired from a measurement sample by diffuse reflection near-infrared spectroscopy, for gum arabic or gadhi gum Comparing with standard spectral data of
(2) determining whether or not the gum sample contains a different type of gum based on the comparison result obtained in the step (1);
Including a method.
Item 2.
The original spectral data, the range of wave numbers 12,500~4,000 cm ^-1, and are obtained in a range of resolution 2～64Cm ^-1, determination method according to claim 1.
Item 3.
Item 3. The determination method according to Item 1 or 2, wherein the comparison in the step (1) is performed by comparing the waveforms of the processed spectrum data and the standard spectrum data.
Item 4.
Item 3. The determination method according to Item 1 or 2, wherein the comparison in the step (1) is performed by conformity analysis.
Item 5.
Item 5. The determination method according to any one of Items 1 to 4, wherein the processed spectrum data and the standard spectrum data in the step (1) are compared in a wave number range of 12,500 to 4,000 cm- ¹ .
Item 6.
The step (1) further includes obtaining a loss on drying of the measurement sample,
When the comparison in the step (1) compares the processed spectral data with one or more kinds of standard spectral data acquired for gum arabic or gadhi gum, drying of the measurement sample that generated the processed spectral data A comparison of one or more standard spectral data obtained for gum arabic or gadhi gum having a range of weight loss corresponding to weight loss and the processed spectral data,
The determination method according to any one of Items 1 to 5.
Item 7.
Item 7. The determination method according to any one of Items 1 to 6, wherein the measurement sample is a sap powdered product or a sap ball pulverized product.
Item 8.
A method for judging the quality of a gum,
(I) The processed spectrum data generated by pre-processing the original spectrum data obtained from the measurement sample by diffuse reflection near infrared spectroscopy is used for one or more quality parameters of gum arabic or gadhi gum. Applying to the calibration curve generated in step 1, and calculating the value of one or more quality parameters of the measurement sample for each quality parameter;
(II) comparing the value of one or more quality parameters of the measurement sample with a reference value of the corresponding quality parameter, and determining the quality of the measurement sample based on the comparison result;
Including a method.
Item 9.
Item 9. The quality parameter is at least one selected from the group consisting of loss on drying, average molecular weight, arabinogalactan protein content, presence or absence of insoluble gum, viscosity, tannin content, and emulsification. Judgment method.
Item 10.
The quality parameter is at least one selected from the group consisting of average molecular weight, arabinogalactan protein content, glycoprotein content, presence or absence of insoluble gum, viscosity, tannin content, and gum emulsifiability;
Further, the step (I) further includes a step of obtaining a loss on drying of the measurement sample,
When the comparison in the step (I) compares the processed spectral data with one or more kinds of standard spectral data acquired for gum arabic or gadhi gum, the processed spectral data is converted to 1 for gum arabic or gadhi gum. It is a step of applying the calibration curve generated according to the loss on drying of the measurement sample for each kind or a plurality of kinds of quality parameters, and calculating the value of one or more kinds of quality parameters of the measurement sample for each quality parameter. ,
Item 9. The determination method according to Item 8.
Item 11.
The original spectral data, the range of wave numbers 12,500~4,000 cm ^-1, and is obtained in a range of resolution 2～64Cm ^-1, determination method according to any one of claims 8-10.
Item 12.
The determination according to any one of Items 8 to 11, wherein the processed spectral data and the standard spectral data in the step (III) are compared in the range of wave numbers 12,500 to 4,000 cm- ^1. Method.
Item 13.
Item 13. The determination method according to any one of Items 8 to 12, wherein the measurement sample is a method for determining the quality of gum.
Item 14.
An apparatus 10a for determining the mixing of different types of gums,
With a processing unit,
The processing unit 101a
One or a plurality of standard spectra generated in advance for gum arabic or gadhi gum after processing the spectral data generated by pre-processing the original spectral data acquired from the measurement sample by diffuse reflectance near infrared spectroscopy Compare with the data,
Determining whether the gum sample contains different types of gums based on the comparison results,
Said device 10a.
Item 15.
A system 50a for determining the mixing of different gums,
A near-infrared spectral original spectrum measuring apparatus 30a;
A near-infrared spectrum analyzer 10a,
The near-infrared spectral original spectrum measuring apparatus 30a includes a processing unit 301a, a measuring unit 310a, and a communication unit 305a.
The near-infrared spectrum analyzer 10a includes a processing unit 101a and a communication unit 105a.
The processing unit 301a of the measuring device includes:
The original spectral data of the measurement sample acquired by the diffuse reflection near infrared spectroscopy in the measurement unit 310a of the measurement device is transmitted to the near infrared spectrum analysis device 10a via the communication unit 305a of the measurement device. ,
The processing unit 101a of the analysis apparatus
Receiving the original spectral data transmitted from the near-infrared spectral original spectrum measuring device 30a via the communication unit 105a of the analyzing device;
Pre-process the original spectral data to generate post-processing spectral data;
Comparing the processed spectral data with one or more standard spectral data previously generated for gum arabic or gadhi gum;
Determining whether the gum sample contains different types of gums based on the comparison results,
The system 50a.
Item 16.
A production method of the system 50a for judging the mixing of different types of gums,
Preparing a near-infrared spectral original spectrum measuring apparatus 30a;
Preparing a near-infrared spectrum analyzer 10a,
The near-infrared spectral original spectrum measuring apparatus 30a includes a processing unit 301a, a measuring unit 310a, and a communication unit 305a.
The near-infrared spectrum analyzer 10a includes a processing unit 101a and a communication unit 105a.
The processing unit 301a of the measuring device includes:
The original spectral data of the measurement sample acquired by the diffuse reflection near infrared spectroscopy in the measurement unit 310a of the measurement device is transmitted to the near infrared spectrum analysis device 10a via the communication unit 305a of the measurement device. ,
The processing unit 101a of the analysis apparatus
Receiving the original spectral data transmitted from the near-infrared spectral original spectrum measuring device 30a via the communication unit 105a of the analyzing device;
Pre-process the original spectral data to generate post-processing spectral data;
Comparing the processed spectral data with one or more standard spectral data previously generated for gum arabic or gadhi gum;
Determining whether the gum sample contains different types of gums based on the comparison results,
A method for producing the system 50a.
Item 17.
A device 10b for judging the quality of the gum,
With a processing unit,
The processing unit 101b
The processed spectral data generated by preprocessing the original spectral data acquired from the measurement sample by diffuse reflectance near infrared spectroscopy is generated for each of one or more quality parameters for gum arabic or gadhi gum. Applied to the calibration curve, the value of one or more quality parameters of the measurement sample is calculated for each quality parameter,
Comparing one or more quality parameter values of the measurement sample with a reference value of the corresponding quality parameter, and determining the quality of the measurement sample based on the comparison result;
Said device 10b.
Item 18.
A system 50b for judging the quality of the gum,
The gum quality determination system 50b includes a near-infrared spectroscopic spectrum measuring device 30b,
A near-infrared spectrum analyzer 10b,
The near-infrared spectral original spectrum measuring apparatus 30b includes a processing unit 301b, a measuring unit 310b, and a communication unit 305b.
The near-infrared spectrum analyzer 10b includes a processing unit 101b and a communication unit 105b.
The processing unit 301b of the measuring device
The original spectrum data of the measurement sample acquired by the diffuse reflection near infrared spectroscopy in the measurement unit 310b of the measurement device is transmitted to the near infrared spectrum analysis device via the communication unit 305b of the measurement device,
The processing unit 101b of the analysis apparatus
Receiving the original spectrum data transmitted from the near-infrared spectral original spectrum measurement device 30b via the communication unit 105b of the analysis device;
Pre-process the original spectral data to generate post-processing spectral data;
The processed spectrum data is applied to a calibration curve generated for one or more kinds of quality parameters for gum arabic or gadhi gum, and the values of one or more kinds of quality parameters of the measurement sample are calculated for each quality parameter. And
Comparing one or more quality parameter values of the measurement sample with a reference value of the corresponding quality parameter, and determining the quality of the measurement sample based on the comparison result;
Said system 50b.
Item 19.
A production method for a system 50b for judging the quality of a gum,
The production method includes preparing a near-infrared spectroscopic spectrum measuring device 30b;
Preparing a near-infrared spectroscopic spectrum analyzer 10b,
The near-infrared spectral original spectrum measurement device 30b includes a processing unit 301b, a measurement unit 310b, and a measurement device communication unit 305b.
The near-infrared spectrum analyzer 10b includes a processing unit 101b and a communication unit 105b.
The processing unit 301b of the measuring device
The original spectrum data of the measurement sample acquired by the diffuse reflection near infrared spectroscopy in the measurement unit 310b of the measurement device is transmitted to the near infrared spectrum analysis device 10b via the communication unit 305b of the measurement device. ,
The processing unit 101b of the analysis apparatus
Receiving the original spectrum data transmitted from the near-infrared spectral original spectrum measurement device via the communication unit 105b of the analysis device;
Pre-process the original spectral data to generate post-processing spectral data;
The processed spectrum data is applied to a calibration curve generated for one or more kinds of quality parameters for gum arabic or gadhi gum, and the values of one or more kinds of quality parameters of the measurement sample are calculated for each quality parameter. And
Comparing one or more quality parameter values of the measurement sample with a reference value of the corresponding quality parameter, and determining the quality of the measurement sample based on the comparison result;
Said system 50b.
Item 20.
A computer program for determining mixing of different gums, which, when executed by a computer, causes the method according to any one of Items 1 to 7 to be executed.
Item 21.
A computer program for judging the quality of a gum, which, when executed by a computer, causes the method according to any one of Items 8 to 13 to be executed.

  Whether or not different types of gum are mixed can be quickly determined.

(A) is a figure showing an example of a system and hardware constitutions. (B) is a figure showing an example of composition of a sample rotator. It is a figure which shows the structural example of the hardware of a near-infrared spectroscopy spectrum analyzer. It is a figure which shows the structural example of the hardware of a near-infrared spectroscopy spectrum measuring apparatus. It is a flowchart which shows the example of operation | movement of a different kind gum mixing determination apparatus. It is a flowchart which shows the example of the comparison process of a spectrum data after a process, and standard data. It is a flowchart which shows the example of operation | movement of a different kind gum mixing determination system. It is a flowchart which shows the example of operation | movement of a gum quality determination apparatus. It is a flowchart which shows the example of the process which produces | generates the value of a quality parameter also using a calibration curve from the spectrum data after a process. It is a flowchart which shows the example of operation | movement of a gum quality determination system. The differential spectra of gum arabic Senegal, gum arabic seial, and gum arabic polycanter are shown. About the gum arabic, the result of having evaluated the correlation of the quality parameter value measured by the conventional method and the quality parameter value measured by the near infrared spectroscopy is shown. Fig.11 (a) and FIG.11 (b) show an average molecular weight. FIG.11 (c) and FIG.11 (d) show arabinogalactan protein (AGP) content. Fig.11 (a) and FIG.11 (c) show the result of having evaluated the correlation, without performing grouping by loss on drying. The X-axis shows the conventional method actual measurement value. The Y axis shows the predicted value from the near infrared spectrum. About Gadi gum, the result of having evaluated the correlation of the quality value of the quality parameter measured by the conventional method and the quality parameter value measured by the near infrared spectroscopy is shown. 12 (a) shows the content of insoluble dissimilar gum, FIG. 12 (b) shows the viscosity (mPa · s) in a 15% aqueous solution, FIG. 12 (c) shows the tannin content, and FIG. 12 (d) shows the emulsification. The particle diameter is shown. The X-axis shows the conventional method actual measurement value. The Y axis shows the predicted value from the near infrared spectrum.

I. Determination of mixing of different types of gums Judgment method of mixing of different types of gum

  An embodiment of the present invention relates to a method for determining that a different type gum is mixed in a measurement sample. Specifically, in the present embodiment, (1) the processed spectral data generated by preprocessing the original spectral data acquired from the measurement sample by diffuse reflection near-infrared spectroscopy, the gum arabic or gadhi gum Comparing with one or more kinds of standard spectrum data acquired in advance, and determining whether or not the gum sample contains a different type of gum based on the comparison result obtained in the step (1). . The step (1) includes a step of acquiring original spectral data from a measurement sample by diffuse reflection near infrared spectroscopy, and a step of preprocessing the original spectral data acquired in the step to generate post-processing spectral data And a step of comparing the processed spectral data with one or more kinds of standard spectral data acquired in advance for gum arabic or gadhi gum.

  The measurement sample is a sample to be inspected as to whether or not it is a target gum type. The sample is preferably gum, sap balls, powdered sap or ground sap balls. The sample is more preferably a sap powdered product or a sap ball pulverized product.

The heterogeneous gum is a gum other than the intended gum.
That is, when gum arabic is the target gum, gums other than gum arabic are different types of gums. A gum other than gati gum when gum and gum arabic of Acacia seed are the target gum, other gum arabic is also a different gum, and gati gum is the target gum Is a heterogeneous gum.

The target gum is preferably a natural gum such as gum arabic and gadhi gum. Gum arabic is a resin taken from acacia trees. Preferred examples of gum arabic include Senegal species, and Seiagal species, and more preferred are Senegal species. Gadi gum is a resin taken from Anogesus latifolia.
Standard spectral data is obtained from standard gums in which the gum type is specified. The standard gum is prepared corresponding to the intended gum type.

  The sample for measurement and the standard gum are preferably in the same form, more preferably a sap powdered product or a sap ball pulverized product. This is because near-infrared light is transmitted in the state of gum balls. From this viewpoint, the measurement sample and standard gum particles are, for example, 3.5 mesh (aperture 5600 μm) sieve, 14 mesh (aperture 1180 μm) sieve, 30 mesh (aperture 500 μm) sieve, 50 mesh. It can be the size of sieve (aperture 300 μm), 100 mesh (aperture 150 μm), or 200 mesh (aperture 75 μm). When the measurement sample and the standard gum are balls, they can be pulverized using a known instrument such as a mortar (preferably a stainless mortar) or a table mill. Moreover, the gum currently distribute | circulated in a powder state can also be utilized as a measurement sample and standard gum.

  The measurement sample and the standard gum are measured using a near infrared spectrophotometer. The near-infrared spectrophotometer is not limited as long as diffuse reflection measurement can be performed. As the near infrared spectrophotometer, a Fourier transform type near infrared spectrophotometer is preferable. Examples of the Fourier transform type near infrared spectrophotometer include FT-NIR MPA system (Bruker Optics).

  The sampling module of the near-infrared spectrophotometer may be an integrating sphere or a fiber probe. Since gum is often mixed with wood chips, it is preferable to measure the sample module with a sample rotator unit, fill the attached sample with the sample for measurement or standard gum, and rotate with the rotator. . In this respect, the sampling module preferably uses an integrating sphere to which a sample rotator can be attached. The sample rotator is not limited as long as it can be attached to the near-infrared spectrophotometer.

  To obtain near-infrared spectroscopic data by the diffuse reflection method, measure the original spectral data of diffuse reflection using a near-infrared spectrophotometer. Including acquiring directly from an external spectrophotometer via a storage medium or a network. The acquisition subject may be a human or a computer.

The original spectral data of diffuse reflection can be measured in the range of wave numbers from 12,500 cm ^{−1 to} 4,000 cm ⁻¹ . The upper limit of the wave ^{number, 12,500cm -1, 12,000cm -1, 11,500cm} -1, 11,000cm -1, may be selected from 10,500cm ^-1, and 10,000 cm ^-1.

The wave number resolution when acquiring the original spectral data of diffuse reflection can be set to 2 to 64 cm ⁻¹ . The lower limit value of the wave number resolution can be selected from 2 cm ⁻¹ , 4 cm ⁻¹ , 8 cm ⁻¹ , 10 cm ⁻¹ , 12 cm ⁻¹ , and 14 cm ⁻¹ . The upper limit value of the wave number resolution can be selected from 64 cm ⁻¹ , 32 cm ⁻¹ , 20 cm ⁻¹ , and 18 cm ⁻¹ . The most preferred wave number resolution is 16 cm ⁻¹ .

Next, pre-processing is performed on the acquired original spectral data, and post-processing spectral data is generated. Generating spectral data after processing may be performed on all the range of the measured wave number 12,500cm ^-1 ~4,000cm ^-1. Preferably, post ^- processing spectral data is generated using original spectral data in a wave number range of 10,000 cm ^{−1 to} 4,000 cm ⁻¹ .

  The preprocessing of the original spectral data includes normalization to remove noise during measurement. Preferably, the pre-processing of the original spectrum data includes a step of generating a post-differentiation spectral data by differentiating the normalized data. More preferably, the differential process includes two differential processes of a primary differential process and a secondary differential process. The processed spectrum data includes (i) data obtained by normalizing the original spectrum data, (ii) data obtained by normalizing the original spectrum data, and then performing a first-order differentiation process, and (ii) ) Data obtained by performing normalization on the original spectral data and then performing primary differentiation processing and secondary differentiation processing may be included.

  Normalization is performed by, for example, simple moving average, weighted moving average, quadratic / cubic polynomial (Sabitsky-Golay method), multiplicative signal correction (MSC), standard normal variate (SNV), etc. be able to. Normalization can also be performed using software attached to the FT-NIR MPA system.

  The differentiation process can be performed by, for example, the Savitzky-Golay method. The differentiation process can also be performed using software attached to the FT-NIR MPA system.

  Here, the spectrum data may represent the shape of the spectrum as a waveform, or may be a matrix indicating the position of each plot of the waveform. The spectrum data may be a voltage value corresponding to the intensity of light.

  The processed spectral data derived from the standard gum is called standard spectral data. Standard spectral data is acquired for each of one or more gum types. The standard spectrum data is preferably acquired in advance, and is stored in a storage unit 104a of the near-infrared spectrometer 10a, a storage unit 104b of the near-infrared spectrometer 10b, which will be described later, or another storage medium. More preferably. The standard spectral data may be one type or a plurality of types. “Multiple species” means that there are two or more, preferably three or more standard spectral data derived from one type of standard gum.

  The standard spectrum data and the spectrum data after processing of the measurement sample are preferably acquired by the same processing according to the target gum type.

  The processed spectral data derived from the measurement sample is compared with the standard spectral data. The comparison may be performed visually or using a general-purpose computer. The comparison may be performed by the processing unit 101a of the near-infrared spectrometer 10a and the processing unit 101b of the near-infrared spectrometer 10b described later.

  The comparison can be performed, for example, by obtaining a difference between the standard spectrum data and the processed spectrum data of the measurement sample. The difference can be performed by obtaining a fitness index by a difference spectrum, fitness analysis and validation. The comparison can also be performed using software attached to the FT-NIR MPA system.

  In the comparison, if the difference between the standard spectrum data and the processed spectrum data of the measurement sample is within an allowable range, the measurement sample can be determined to be the same as the standard gum from which the standard spectrum data is derived. it can. Further, if the difference between the standard spectral data and the processed spectral data of the measurement sample is outside the allowable range, it can be further determined that the measurement sample is different from the standard gum from which the standard spectral data is derived. When the difference between the standard spectral data and the processed spectral data of the measurement sample is outside the allowable range, or when the measurement sample is different from the standard gum, the measurement sample is mixed with a different gum. Can be determined.

  The permissible range can be determined from, for example, average data, standard deviation, variance, etc. after obtaining spectral data after processing for a plurality of lots derived from the same type of standard gum.

  Preferably, the moisture content of the measurement sample and the standard gum of the target gum may be combined. That is, standard gums of the same type are grouped according to the water content, and standard spectrum data is prepared for each standard gum having a different water content. The moisture content of the measurement sample is also measured, and the processed spectral data derived from the measurement sample is compared with the standard spectral data derived from a standard gum having a moisture content corresponding to the moisture content of the measurement sample. Gum, especially gum arabic, has a large variation in moisture content between samples, and thus can be more accurately evaluated.

  The water content can be evaluated by loss on drying. The loss on drying can be calculated, for example, from the mass (g) of the gum powder before drying and the mass (g) after the gum powder is heated and dried at 105 ° C. for 6 hours according to the following formula.

[Equation 1]
Loss on drying (mass%) = {[(mass of gum powder before drying) − (mass of gum powder after drying)] / (mass of gum powder before drying)} × 100

  The loss on drying can also be measured by diffuse reflection near infrared spectroscopy, which will be described later.

  Examples of the water content grouping are, for example, three groups of 13% or less, 13 to 15%, and 15% or more in terms of loss on drying.

2. Different kind gum mixing judgment device An embodiment of the present invention is the above-mentioned I.D. 1. It is related with the different-gum mixing determination apparatus 10a which the different-gum mixing determination method described in 1 performs. The different gum mixing determination device 10a is also a near-infrared spectroscopic analysis device 10a for determining the mixing of different gums.

  FIG. 1A and FIG. 2 show a hardware configuration example of the heterogeneous gum mixing determination device 10. In the different gum mixing determination apparatus 10a, the input unit 111a, the output unit 112a, and the storage medium 113a may be connected. The heterogeneous gum mixing determination device 10a may be integrated with the input unit 111a, the output unit 112a, and the storage medium 113a. Moreover, the different gum mixing determination apparatus 10a may be connected to a near-infrared spectroscopic spectrum measurement apparatus 30a described later. That is, the different gum mixing determination device 10a may constitute a different gum mixing determination system 50a that is connected to the near-infrared spectroscopic spectrum measurement device 30a directly or via a network or the like. In the heterogeneous gum contamination determination system 50a, the heterogeneous gum contamination determination device 10a and the near-infrared spectroscopic spectrum measurement device 30a may be integrated.

  In the heterogeneous gum mixing determination device 10a, the processing unit 101a, the main storage unit 102a, the ROM (read only memory) 103a, the auxiliary storage unit 104a, the communication unit 105a, the input interface (I / F) 106a, and the output The interface (I / F) 107a and the media interface (I / F) 108a are connected to each other via a bus 109a so that data communication is possible. The main storage unit 102a and the auxiliary storage unit 104a may be collectively referred to as a storage unit.

  The processing unit 101a of the heterogeneous gum mixing determination device 10a is a CPU (Central Processing Unit). The processing unit 101a functions as the heterogeneous gum contamination determination device 10a that controls the near-infrared spectrum measurement device 30a by executing a computer program stored in the auxiliary storage unit 104a or the ROM 103a.

  The ROM 103a is configured by a mask ROM, PROM, EPROM, EEPROM, or the like, and stores a computer program executed by the processing unit 101a and data used for the computer program. The processing unit 101a may be an MPU (Micro Processing Unit) or a GPU (Graphics Processing Unit). The ROM 103a stores a boot program executed by the processing unit 101a and a program and settings related to the hardware operation of the different gum mixing determination device 10a when the different gum mixing determination device 10a is activated.

  The main storage unit 102a is configured by a RAM (Random access memory) such as SRAM or DRAM. The main storage unit 102a is used to read out computer programs recorded in the ROM 103a and the auxiliary storage unit 104a. The main storage unit 102a is used as a work area when the processing unit 101a executes these computer programs.

  The auxiliary storage unit 104a includes a semiconductor memory device such as a hard disk or a flash memory, an optical disk, or the like. The auxiliary storage unit 104a stores various computer programs to be executed by the processing unit 101a, such as an operating system and application programs, and various setting data used for executing the computer programs. Specifically, standard spectrum data and the like are stored in a nonvolatile manner. In addition, the auxiliary storage unit 104a includes various original spectrum data acquired by the near-infrared spectrum measuring device 30a, parameter values when performing normalization processing, differentiation processing, etc., the progress of each processing, the result of each processing, Further, post-processing spectrum data and the like may be stored.

  The communication unit (communication interface (I / F)) 105a includes a serial interface such as USB, IEEE1394, RS-232C, a parallel interface such as SCSI, IDE, IEEE1284, a D / A converter, an A / D converter, and the like. An analog interface, a network interface controller (NIC), and the like. The communication I / F 105a receives data from the near-infrared spectroscopic spectrum measurement device 30a or other external device under the control of the processing unit 101a, and stores or generates information generated by the heterogeneous gum contamination determination device 10a as necessary. Is transmitted or displayed to the near-infrared spectrum measuring apparatus 30a or the outside. The communication I / F 105a may communicate with the near-infrared spectrum measurement device 30a or other external device via a network.

  The input I / F 106a includes, for example, a serial interface such as USB, IEEE 1394, and RS-232C, a parallel interface such as SCSI, IDE, and IEEE1284, and an analog interface including a D / A converter and an A / D converter. The The input I / F 106a accepts character input, click, voice input, and the like from the input unit 111a. The received input content is stored in the main storage unit 102a or the auxiliary storage unit 104a.

  The input unit 111a includes a touch panel, a keyboard, a mouse, a pen tablet, a microphone, and the like, and performs character input or voice input to the heterogeneous gum mixing determination device 10a. The input unit 111a may be connected from the outside of the different gum mixing determination device 10a or may be integrated with the different gum mixing determination device 10a.

  For example, the output I / F 107a includes an interface similar to that of the input I / F 106a. The output I / F 107a outputs information generated by the processing unit 101a to the output unit 112a. The output I / F 107a outputs information generated by the processing unit 101a and stored in the auxiliary storage unit 104a to the output unit 112a.

  The output unit 112a is configured by, for example, a display, a printer, and the like, and displays original spectrum data transmitted from the near-infrared spectrum measuring device 30a, various operation windows in the heterogeneous gum mixing determination device 10a, processed spectrum data, and the like.

  The media I / F 108a reads, for example, application software stored in the storage medium 113a. The read application software or the like is stored in the main storage unit 102a or the auxiliary storage unit 104a. Further, the media I / F 108a writes the information generated by the processing unit 101a to the storage medium 113a. The media I / F 108a writes the information generated by the processing unit 101a and stored in the auxiliary storage unit 104a to the storage medium 113a.

  The storage medium 113a is configured by a flexible disk, a CD-ROM, a DVD-ROM, or the like. The storage medium 113a is connected to the media I / F 108a by a flexible disk drive, a CD-ROM drive, a DVD-ROM drive, or the like. The storage medium 113a may store an application program for the computer to execute the operation.

  The processing unit 101a may acquire application software and various settings necessary for control of the different gum mixing determination device 10a via a network instead of reading from the ROM 103a or the auxiliary storage unit 104a. The application program is stored in an auxiliary storage unit of a server computer on the network. The server computer accesses the server computer to download a computer program, and stores the computer program in the ROM 103a or the auxiliary storage unit 104a. It is also possible to do.

  The ROM 103a or the auxiliary storage unit 104a is installed with an operation system that provides a graphical user interface environment such as Windows (registered trademark) manufactured and sold by Microsoft Corporation. The application program according to the second embodiment is assumed to operate on the operating system. In other words, the different gum mixing determination device 10a can be a personal computer or the like.

3. Near-infrared spectroscopic measurement device When determining the incorporation of different types of gums in FIGS. 1 and 3, the near-infrared spectroscopic measurement device 30a hardware is used to obtain the near-infrared spectroscopic spectrum from the measurement sample and the standard gum. A configuration example is shown.

  The near-infrared spectroscopic spectrum measurement apparatus 30a includes a processing unit 301a, a measurement unit 310a, and a sample setting unit 320a. In addition to these, an input unit 311a and an output unit 312a may be provided. The near-infrared spectroscopic spectrum measurement apparatus 30a includes a processing unit 301a, a measurement unit 310a, a main storage unit 302a, a ROM (read only memory) 303a, an auxiliary storage unit 304a, a communication unit 305a, and an input interface ( (I / F) 306a, output interface (I / F) 307a, media interface (I / F) 308a, and bus 309a may be connected to each other so as to be able to perform data communication. Further, the near-infrared spectrum measuring device 30a may be connected to the storage medium 313a. The communication unit 305a communicates with the communication unit 105a of the different gum mixing determination device 10a directly or via a network.

  As shown in FIG. 1 (B), the near-infrared spectroscopic spectrum measurement apparatus 30a includes a dedicated sample rotator 321a for feeding a sample 777 such as a measurement sample or a standard gum, as shown in FIG. While rotating the sample 777 loaded with the sample rotator 321a in the direction of the arrow 330, the above I.D. 1. The near-infrared ray having the wave number described above is irradiated onto the sample 777, and the measurement unit 310a measures the diffuse reflection from the sample 777. The operation of the sample rotator 321a is the same as that of the above I. 1. As explained in.

  Processing unit 301a, input unit 311a, output unit 312a, storage medium 313a, main storage unit 302a, ROM 303a, auxiliary storage unit 304a, communication unit 305a, input interface (I / F) 306a, output interface (I / F) 307a , The media interface (I / F) 308a and the bus 309a are configured in the above 2. Processing unit 101a, input unit 111a, output unit 112a, main storage unit 102a, ROM 103a, auxiliary storage unit 104a, communication unit 105a, input interface (I / F) 106a, output interface (I / F) 107a, This is the same as the media interface (I / F) 108a and the bus 109a.

4). Operation of Different Gum Mixing Determination Device The operation of the different gum mixing determination device 10a will be described with reference to FIG.

  In step S101, the processing unit 101a starts processing by receiving input of the original spectrum data of the measurement sample by the operator from the input unit 111a. The processing unit 101a measures the original spectral data of the measurement sample transmitted from the communication unit 305a of the near-infrared spectroscopic spectrum measurement apparatus 30a by the communication unit 105a directly or via a network, or measured from the storage medium 113a. The original spectrum data of the measurement sample is obtained by reading the original spectrum data of the measurement sample.

  In step S102, the processing unit 101a preprocesses the original spectral data of the measurement sample, thereby generating post-processing spectral data of the measurement sample. The contents of the pre-processing are as described in the above I.D. 1. As described in. In addition, calculation formulas, parameters, and the like necessary for the preprocessing may be stored in the auxiliary storage unit 104a or the main storage unit 102a. In addition, when generating post-processing spectrum data of a measurement sample, calculation formulas and parameters necessary for pre-processing are connected by a network separate from the heterogeneous gum mixing determination device 10a and the near-infrared spectral measurement device 30a. You may acquire from the memory | storage device currently used.

  In step S103, the processing unit 101a compares the processed spectrum data of the measurement sample with the standard spectrum data. The method of comparison is described in the above section I.2. 1. As described in.

  When the difference between the processed spectrum data of the measurement sample and the standard spectrum data is within an allowable range (YES) in step S104, the processing unit 101a determines that the measurement sample and the standard gum from which the standard spectrum data is derived. It is determined that they are the same (step S105).

When the difference between the processed spectral data of the measurement sample and the standard spectral data is outside the allowable range (NO) in step S104, the processing unit 101a determines that the measurement sample and the standard gum from which the standard spectral data is derived. It is determined that they are different (step S106).
Although it is an arbitrary step, the processing unit 101a may output the determination result to the output unit 112a (step S107).

  In addition, when there is a possibility that the moisture content of the measurement sample may affect the determination, the above I.D. 1. As described above, the determination can be made using the standard spectral data corresponding to the moisture content of the measurement sample.

  When considering the loss on drying of the measurement sample, as shown in FIG. 5, after the processed spectral data is generated in step S102, the loss on drying value of the measurement sample is acquired in step S1031. In step S1032, the measurement samples are grouped according to the loss on drying value of the measurement samples. In step S1033, it compares with the standard spectrum data corresponding to the drying loss value of the measurement sample, and proceeds to step S104. Note that step S1031 may be performed before step S102.

  Examples of how to determine loss on drying and the range of loss on drying are described in I.D. 1. As described in.

  In this embodiment, the example in which the heterogeneous gum contamination determination apparatus 10a performs Step S101 and Step S102 has been shown. However, the heterogeneous gum contamination determination apparatus 10a acquires post-processing spectrum data derived from the measurement sample, and Step S103 is performed. Thereafter, step S1031 to step S1033 and step S104 and subsequent steps may be performed.

5. Operation of Different Gum Mixing Determination System The operation of the different gum mixing determination system 50a will be described with reference to FIG.

  The processing unit 301a of the near-infrared spectroscopic spectrum measuring apparatus 30a rotates the sample rotator 321a of the sample setting unit 320a while rotating the sample 777 into the sample rotator 321a by the above-described I.D. 1. The measurement unit 310a is controlled to irradiate the near-infrared wave having the wave number described above and measure diffuse reflection light, and measure original spectral data derived from the measurement sample (step S201).

  The processing unit 301a transmits the original spectrum data measured via the communication unit 305a to the near-infrared spectrum analyzing apparatus (heterogeneous gum mixing determination apparatus) 10a (step S202).

  The processing unit 101a of the near-infrared spectrum analyzer 10a receives the original spectrum data transmitted by the processing unit 301a of the near-infrared spectrum analyzer 30a via the communication unit 105a of the near-infrared spectrum analyzer 10a. (Step S211).

  In step S212 to step S215 or S212 to step S214 and step S216, the processing unit 101a has the same measurement sample as the standard gum as in step 102 to step S105 or S102 to step S104 and step S106 of FIG. Or not. In addition, the above I.D. 4). As described in the above, in consideration of the moisture content of the measurement sample, steps S1031 to S1033 shown in FIG. 5 may be performed instead of step S213.

  Although it is an arbitrary step, the processing unit 101a may output the determination result to the output unit 112a of the near-infrared spectrum analyzer 10a in step S217.

  In any step, the processing unit 101a transmits the determination result to the near-infrared spectrum measuring device 30a via the communication unit 105a of the near-infrared spectrum analyzing device 10a in step S218. Also good. In this case, the processing unit 301a of the near-infrared spectrum measuring apparatus 30a may receive the determination result via the communication unit 305a and output the determination result to the output unit 312a.

  Although it is an arbitrary step, the processing unit 101a performs near-infrared spectrum measurement with the near-infrared spectrum analyzer 10a in step S218 via the communication unit 105a of the near-infrared spectrum analyzer 10a. You may transmit to the terminal (personal computer, a smart phone, etc.) which can receive data different from the apparatus 30a.

  Further, as another aspect of the present embodiment, step S212 in FIG. 6 is performed between the steps S201 and S202 in FIG. 6 by the processing unit 301a of the near-infrared spectrum measuring apparatus 30a, and then the processed spectrum. The processing unit 301a may transmit data to the near-infrared spectrum analyzer 10a.

6). Production method of heterogeneous gum contamination determination system An embodiment of the present invention is the above-described I.D. 1. And I. 5. It relates to the production method of the heterogeneous gum contamination determination system described in. The production method is the above-mentioned I. 3. Preparing the near-infrared spectroscopic original spectrum measuring apparatus 10a described above in I. 2. And preparing the near-infrared spectrum analyzing apparatus 30a described in (1).

7). BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION One embodiment of the present invention relates to a computer program for determining contamination of different gums. In the present embodiment, the computer is caused to execute each step of the method for determining mixing of different types of gums described in the claims. In the present embodiment, the above I.D. 4 includes a computer program that causes a computer to execute Steps S103 to S105; and / or Steps S103, S104, and S106 illustrated in FIG. In the present embodiment, the above I.D. 4 includes a computer program that causes a computer to execute steps S101 to S105; and / or S101 to steps S104 and S106 shown in FIG. The program may be a program that executes steps S1031 to S1033 shown in FIG. 5 instead of step S103.

  The computer program may be stored in a storage medium such as a hard disk, a semiconductor memory element such as a flash memory, or an optical disk. The storage format of the program in the storage medium is not limited as long as the presentation device can read the program. The storage in the storage medium is preferably non-volatile. The computer program may be a computer program product.

II. Judging gum quality Method for Determining Gum Quality One embodiment of the present invention relates to a method for determining the quality of a gum of a measurement sample. Specifically, in the present embodiment, (i) processed spectral data generated by preprocessing the original spectral data acquired from the measurement sample by diffuse reflection near infrared spectroscopy is used as the gum arabic or gadhi gum. (Ii) calculating the value of one or more kinds of quality parameters of the measurement sample for each quality parameter, and (ii) the measurement sample. And comparing the values of one or more quality parameters with the reference values of the corresponding quality parameters, and determining the quality of the measurement sample based on the comparison result. The step (i) includes a step of acquiring original spectral data from a measurement sample by diffuse reflection near infrared spectroscopy, and a step of preprocessing the original spectral data acquired in the step to generate post-processing spectral data Then, the processed spectrum data is applied to a calibration curve obtained for one or more kinds of quality parameters for gum arabic or gadhi gum, and the values of one or more kinds of quality parameters of the measurement sample are assigned for each quality parameter. You may divide into the process to calculate.

  The measurement sample and the target gum are described in the above I. 1. The description of is incorporated herein by reference.

  In the present embodiment, the calibration curve is generated from a quality parameter standard gum in which a gum type is specified and a quality parameter described later is known. The quality parameter standard gum is prepared corresponding to the target gum type and the reference range of the quality parameter.

  The sample for measurement and the quality parameter standard gum preferably have the same form, and more preferably are both sap powdered product or sap ball pulverized product. For the explanation of the pulverized state, see I.1. 1. The description of is incorporated herein by reference.

  The measurement method and measurement conditions of the measurement sample and quality parameter standard gum using a near-infrared spectrophotometer are the same as those described in I.A. 1. The description of the measurement method and measurement conditions using a near-infrared spectrophotometer is incorporated herein.

  I. above. 1. The description of the near-infrared spectrophotometer, the original spectral data, the post-processing spectral data, and the method for obtaining the same are also incorporated herein.

  The calibration curve is generated by the following method.

  A calibration curve is generated for each quality parameter.

  Quality parameters are not limited as long as they relate to the physical properties and properties of the gum. For example, from the group consisting of loss on drying (water content), average molecular weight (weight average), arabinogalactan protein content, glycoprotein content, inclusion or non-insoluble gum, viscosity, tannin content, and gum emulsification The at least 1 type selected can be mentioned.

  A calibration curve is created for each gum type and quality parameter using a quality parameter standard gum. It is preferable to prepare at least two quality parameter standard gums for each gum type and each quality parameter.

  Quality parameter The value of each quality parameter of the standard gum can be measured according to a known method.

  For example, the moisture content 1. It can be measured by the loss on drying described in. The average molecular weight, arabinogalactan protein content, and glycoprotein content can be measured by the GPC-MALLS method described in Patent Document 4.

  Whether or not insoluble gum is contained is determined by measuring the number of gadilla gum particles of a certain amount, then dissolving gadhi gum by heating at 90 ° C. for 1 hour, filtering the dissolved guddy gum through a 12 mesh, and then remaining gel particles on the mesh It can be determined by measuring the number and calculating the ratio of the number of grains remaining on the mesh after filtration to the number of grains of gadji gum before dissolution.

  For example, a 15% by weight aqueous solution of gum was prepared, and the viscosity was measured using a Brookfield viscometer and a B-type viscometer. 2 rotors 30r. p. m. The viscosity can be determined by measuring the viscosity at 20 ° C. while rotating at.

  Tannin content is, for example, E. Sakai, T. Katayama, T. Ogasawara, M. Mizuno Identification of Anogeissus latifola Wallich and analysis of refine gum ghatti J. oural of Natural Medicines 67, No. 2 276-280 (2013). It can be measured according to the method described in 1.

  For example, T. Ido, T. Ogasawara, T. Katayama, Y. Sasaki, S. Al-Assaf, GO Phillips Emulsification properties of GATIFOLIA (Gum Ghatti) used for emulsions in food products.Food and Food Ingredients Journal of Japan, 213, No. 4, 365-371 (2008).

  Quality parameter Standard Gum-based near-infrared spectral data obtained by the diffuse reflection method is acquired, and a calibration curve is generated from the processed spectral data obtained from the original spectral data and the values of each quality parameter obtained by a known method. To do.

  For the calibration curve, a regression equation is obtained by principal component analysis, partial least squares regression (PLS) regression analysis, etc., and the obtained regression equation is left as a cross-validation (leave-one-out cross-validation: LOOCV). It is generated by cross-validation etc. A calibration curve can also be generated using the software attached to the FT-NIR MPA system.

  By applying the processed spectral data obtained from the measurement sample to the calibration curve for each gum type and for each quality parameter, it is possible to obtain information on various quality parameters in one measurement sample measurement.

  In addition, by setting a reference value in diffuse reflectance infrared spectroscopy for each quality parameter in advance, the quality of the measurement sample (whether the measurement sample is the same as the quality parameter standard gum, whether the measurement sample is How close to the quality parameter standard gum). Furthermore, the quality grade of the measurement sample can be determined by determining the reference value of the quality parameter in diffuse reflection infrared spectroscopy for each grade.

  The reference value can be determined from, for example, average data, standard deviation, variance, and the like obtained from processed spectral data for a plurality of lots derived from the same quality parameter standard gum.

Preferably, the measurement sample and the target gum quality parameter standard gum may be aligned with respect to moisture content. That is, standard gums of the same type are grouped according to the water content, and a calibration curve is prepared for each quality parameter standard gum having a different water content. The moisture content of the measurement sample is also measured, and the processed spectral data derived from the measurement sample is applied to a calibration curve derived from a quality parameter standard gum having a moisture content corresponding to the moisture content of the measurement sample. Gum, especially gum arabic, may have a high water content, and thus can be evaluated more accurately.
The method for evaluating the water content is as described in I. above. 1. As explained in.

2. Gum quality determination apparatus An embodiment of the present invention provides the I. 1. It relates to the gum quality judgment device 10b executed by the gum quality judgment method described above. The gum quality determination device 10b is also a near-infrared spectroscopic analysis device 10b for determining the quality of the gum.

  FIG. 1A and FIG. 2 show a hardware configuration example of the gum quality determination device 10b. In the gum quality determination apparatus 10b, the input unit 111b, the output unit 112b, and the storage medium 113b may be connected. The gum quality determination device 10b may be integrated with the input unit 111b, the output unit 112b, and the storage medium 113b. Moreover, the gum quality determination apparatus 10b may be connected to a near-infrared spectrum measurement apparatus 30b described later. That is, the gum quality determination device 10b may constitute a gum quality determination system 50b that is connected to the near-infrared spectrum measurement device 30b directly or via a network or the like. In the heterogeneous gum contamination determination system 50b, the gum quality determination device 10b and the near-infrared spectrum measurement device 30b may be integrated.

  In the gum quality determination apparatus 10b, the processing unit 101b, the main storage unit 102b, the ROM 103b, the auxiliary storage unit 104b, the communication unit 105b, the input interface (I / F) 106b, and the output interface (I / F) 107b. The media interface (I / F) 108b is connected to each other via a bus 109b so that data communication is possible. The main storage unit 102b and the auxiliary storage unit 104b may be collectively referred to as a storage unit.

  The processing unit 101b, ROM 103b, main storage unit 102b, auxiliary storage unit 104b, communication unit (communication interface (I / F)) 105b, input I / F 106b are input unit 111b output I / F 107, output unit 112b, media I / F The configuration and operation of the F108b and the storage medium 113b are as follows. In the gum quality determination apparatus 10b, the processing unit 101b, the main storage unit 102b, the ROM 103b, the auxiliary storage unit 104b, the communication unit 105b, and the input interface (I / F) ) 106b, the output interface (I / F) 107b, and the media interface (I / F) 108b are connected to each other via a bus 109b so that data communication is possible.

  The processing unit 101b, ROM 103b, main storage unit 102b, auxiliary storage unit 104b, communication unit (communication interface (I / F)) 105b, input I / F 106b are input unit 111b output I / F 107b, output unit 112b, media I / F The configuration and operation of the F108b, the storage medium 113b, and the bus 109b are as follows. The processing unit 101a, the ROM 103a, the main storage unit 102a, the auxiliary storage unit 104a, and the communication unit (communication interface (I / F)) 105a of the different gum mixing determination device 10a. The input I / F 106a is the same as the input unit 111a, the output I / F 107a, the output unit 112a, the media I / F 108a, the storage medium 113a, and the bus 109a.

3. Near-infrared spectroscopic measurement device When determining the quality of the gum in FIGS. 1 and 3, hardware of the near-infrared spectroscopic measurement device 30b converts the original spectrum of near-infrared spectroscopy from the measurement sample and the quality parameter standard gum The example of a structure is shown. The configuration of the near-infrared spectroscopic spectrum measurement apparatus 30b is the same as that of the above I.D. 3. This is the same as the configuration of the near-infrared spectroscopic spectrum measuring apparatus 30a described above.

Therefore, the above I.D. 3. The description of is incorporated herein by reference. In the assistance, the processing unit 301a, the input unit 311a, the output unit 312a, the storage medium 313a, the main storage unit 302a, the ROM 303a, the auxiliary storage unit 304a, the communication unit 305a, the input I / F 306a of the near-infrared spectrum measuring apparatus 30a, The output I / F 307a, the media I / F 308a, the bus 309a, the sample setting unit 320a, and the sample rotator 321a are respectively a processing unit 101b, an input unit 111b, an output unit 112b, a storage medium 113b, a main storage medium 113b, and a main storage unit 113b. The storage unit 102b, ROM 103b, auxiliary storage unit 104b, communication unit 105b, input I / F 106b, output I / F 107b, media I / F 108b, bus 109b, sample installation unit 320b, and sample rotator 321b are read.
4). Operation of the gum quality judging device

  The operation | movement of the gum quality determination apparatus 10b is demonstrated referring FIG.

  In step S301, the processing unit 101b receives the input of the original spectrum data of the measurement sample by the operator from the input unit 111b, whereby the communication unit 105b transmits a measurement transmitted from the communication unit 305b of the near-infrared spectrum measuring device 30b. The original spectral data of the measurement sample is acquired by receiving the original spectral data of the measurement sample directly or via a network, or by reading the original spectral data of the measurement sample from the storage medium 113b.

  In step S302, the processing unit 101b preprocesses the original spectral data of the measurement sample, thereby generating post-processing spectral data of the measurement sample. The contents of the pre-processing are as described in the above I.D. 1. As described in. In addition, calculation formulas, parameters, and the like necessary for the preprocessing may be stored in the auxiliary storage unit 104b or the main storage unit 102b. Further, when generating post-processing spectrum data of the measurement sample, calculation formulas and parameters necessary for the pre-processing are connected to a network separate from the gum quality determination device 10b and the near-infrared spectral measurement device 30b. May be obtained from the storage device.

  In step S303, the processing unit 101b fits the processed spectrum data of the measurement sample to the calibration curve and calculates the quality parameter value of the measurement sample. Since the calibration curve is represented by a regression equation, the quality parameter value of the measurement sample is calculated by applying the processed spectrum data of the measurement sample as a variable to the regression equation.

  In step S304, the processing unit 101b compares the quality parameter value of the measurement sample with the target gum type of the measurement sample and the reference value of the quality parameter corresponding to the quality parameter. The reference value and its range may be stored in advance in the auxiliary storage unit 104b or the main storage unit 102b. Moreover, when generating the spectrum data after processing of the measurement sample, the reference value and its range are obtained from a storage device connected by a network different from the gum quality determination device 10b and the near-infrared spectrum measurement device 30b. You may get it.

  In step S305, when the quality parameter value of the measurement sample is within the range of the reference value (YES), the processing unit 101b is the same as the quality parameter standard gum from which the calibration curve is derived. (Step S306). Further, when the value of the quality parameter of the measurement sample is within the range of the reference value (YES), the processing unit 101b sets the range of the reference value in which the quality parameter value of the measurement sample is set for each grade of gum quality (Step S308), and the range of the reference value to which the value of the quality parameter of the measurement sample applies is rated as the grade of the measurement sample (step S309). Step S308 and step S309 may be performed without passing through step S306.

  In step S305, when the quality parameter value of the measurement sample is outside the reference value range (NO), the processing unit 101b determines that the measurement sample is different from the quality parameter standard gum from which the calibration curve is derived. (Step S307).

  Although it is an arbitrary step, the processing unit 101b may output the determination result to the output unit 112b.

  In addition, when there is a possibility that the moisture content of the measurement sample may affect the determination, the above I.D. 1. As described above, the determination can be made using the standard spectral data corresponding to the moisture content of the measurement sample.

  When considering the moisture content of the measurement sample, as shown in FIG. 8, after generating the processed spectrum data in step S302, the drying loss value of the measurement sample is acquired in step S3031. In step S3032, the measurement samples are grouped according to the drying loss value of the measurement sample. In step S3033, the post-processing spectral data of the measurement sample is applied to the calibration curve corresponding to the dry weight loss value of the measurement sample, the quality parameter value of the measurement sample is calculated, and the process proceeds to step S305. Note that step S3031 may be performed before step S302.

  Examples of how to determine loss on drying and the range of loss on drying are described in I.D. 1. As described in.

  In this embodiment, although the gum quality determination apparatus 10b showed the example which performs step S101 and step S102, the gum quality determination apparatus 10b acquires the post-process spectrum data originating in the sample for a measurement, and step S303 or later, Alternatively, step S3031 to step S3033 and step S104 and subsequent steps may be performed.

5. Operation of Gum Quality Determination System The operation of the gum quality determination system 50b will be described with reference to FIG.

  The processing unit 301b of the near-infrared spectroscopic spectrum measurement apparatus 30b rotates the sample rotator 321b of the sample setting unit 320b while rotating the sample 777 into the sample rotator 321b. 1. The measurement unit 310b is controlled to irradiate the near-infrared wave having the wave number described above and measure diffuse reflection light, and measure original spectral data derived from the measurement sample (step S401).

  The processing unit 301b transmits the original spectrum data measured via the communication unit 305b to the near-infrared spectrum analyzer (gum quality determination device) 10b (step S402).

  The processing unit 101b of the near-infrared spectrum analyzer 10b receives the original spectrum data transmitted by the processing unit 301b of the near-infrared spectrum analyzer 30b via the communication unit 105b of the near-infrared spectrum analyzer 10b. (Step S411).

  In step S412-step S419 or S412-step S415 and step S417, the processing unit 101b is the same as the quality parameter standard gum in the same manner as step 302-step S309 or S302-step S105 and step S107 in FIG. Whether it is different or not. The above II. 4). As described in the above, considering the water content of the measurement sample, step S3031 to step S3033 shown in FIG. 8 may be performed instead of step S413.

  Although it is an arbitrary step, the processing unit 101b may output the determination result to the output unit 112b of the near-infrared spectrum analyzer 10b in step S420.

  In any step, the processing unit 101b transmits the determination result to the near-infrared spectrum measuring device 30b via the communication unit 105b of the near-infrared spectrum analyzing device 10b in step S421. Also good. In this case, the processing unit 301b of the near-infrared spectrum measurement device 30b may receive the determination result via the communication unit 305b and output the determination result to the output unit 312b.

  Although it is an arbitrary step, the processing unit 101b performs near-infrared spectrum measurement with the near-infrared spectrum analyzer 10b as a determination result via the communication unit 105b of the near-infrared spectrum analyzer 10b in step S420. You may transmit to the terminal (personal computer, a smart phone, etc.) which can receive data different from the apparatus 30b.

  As another aspect of the present embodiment, step S412 in FIG. 9 is performed between the steps S401 and S402 in FIG. 9 by the processing unit 301b of the near-infrared spectrum measuring device 30b and then the processed spectrum. The processing unit 301b may transmit the data to the near-infrared spectrum analyzer 10b.

  Further, as another aspect of the present embodiment, Step S412 and Step S413 in FIG. 9 are performed between Step S401 and Step S402 in FIG. 9 by the processing unit 301b of the near-infrared spectrum measuring device 30b. The processing unit 301b may transmit the quality parameter value of the measurement sample to the near-infrared spectrum analyzer 10b.

6). Production Method of Gum Quality Judgment System An embodiment of the present invention is the above II. 1. And II. 5. It relates to the production method of the heterogeneous gum contamination determination system described in. The production method is as described in II. 3. Preparing the near-infrared spectroscopic original spectrum measuring apparatus 10b described above in II. 2. And preparing the near-infrared spectrum analyzer 30b described in the above.
7). Computer program for judging the quality of gum

  One embodiment of the invention relates to a computer program for determining the quality of a gum. In this embodiment, each step of the method for judging the quality of the gum described in the claims is executed by a computer. In this embodiment, the above II. 4 includes a computer program that causes the computer to execute steps S403 to S405 and S406 to S409; and / or steps S403 to S405 and S407 shown in FIG. In the present embodiment, the above I.D. 4 includes a computer program that causes the computer to execute steps S401 to S405 and steps S406 to S409; and / or S401 to steps S405 and S407 shown in FIG. The program may be a program that executes steps S4031 to S4033 shown in FIG. 8 instead of step S403.

  The computer program may be stored in a storage medium such as a hard disk, a semiconductor memory element such as a flash memory, or an optical disk. The storage format of the program in the storage medium is not limited as long as the presentation device can read the program. The storage in the storage medium is preferably non-volatile. The computer program may be a computer program product.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples. However, the present invention is not construed as being limited to the examples.

I. Pretreatment of gum and measurement of gum quality parameters by conventional methods Conventional gum quality parameter values (in this example, weight average molecular weight, arabinogalactan-protein (AGP), insoluble dissimilar gum content, viscosity , A tannin content, a value indicating emulsifiability).

  Gum balls transmit light and cannot be subjected to near infrared spectroscopy. For this reason, the pretreatment which crushes the ball of gum first was performed.

I-1. Pretreatment of gum The following treatment was performed as a pretreatment of the sample for the original spectrum measurement.
Each sap ball of gum arabic senegal (Acacia senegal), gum arabic seial (Acacia seyal), gum arabic polyacantha (Acacia polyacantha) and gadhi gum was crushed in a stainless steel (SUS) mortar until powdered. . After crushing, the crushed gum was sieved with 50-60 mesh and sized to obtain a gum powder having a particle size in the range of 250-300 μm.

I-2. Measurement of loss on drying The loss on drying of the gum was calculated according to the following formula from the mass (g) of the gum powder before drying and the mass (g) after the gum powder was heated and dried at 105 ° C. for 6 hours.

[Equation 2]
Loss on drying (% by mass) = {[(mass of gum powder before drying) − (mass of gum powder after drying)] / (mass of gum powder before drying)} × 100
The loss on drying was also measured by diffuse reflection near-infrared spectroscopy, which will be described later.

I-3. Gum Gel Filtration Chromatography (GPC)-Quality Evaluation by Multi-Angle Light Scattering Photometer (MALLS) The average molecular weight and arabinogalactan-protein (AGP) content of the gum are determined by S. Al-Assaf, T. Katayama, GO According to the method described in Phillips, Y. Sasaki and PA Williams, Food and Food Ingredients Journal of Japan, 208, No. 10, 771-780 (2003).

I-4. Detection of insoluble dissimilar gum
After counting the number of grains of 600 g of gadhi gum, gadhi gum was dissolved by heating at 90 ° C. for 1 hour. The heated guddy gum was filtered through a sieve (12 mesh), and the number of gel particles remaining on the sieve was measured. The ratio of the number of grains remaining on the sieve after filtration to the number of gadgetum grains before dissolution was calculated.

I-5. Viscosity A 15% by weight aqueous solution of guddy gum was prepared. Using a B-type viscometer (Brookfield viscometer), the viscosity at 20 ° C. was measured while rotating at 30 rpm with a No. 2 rotor.

I-6. Tannin content Tannin content is determined according to E.Sakai, T. ).

I-7. Emulsification is based on T. Ido, T. Ogasawara, T. Katayama, Y. Sasaki, S. Al-Assaf, GO Phillips Emulsification properties of GATIFOLIA (Gum Ghatti) used for emulsions in food products.Food and Food Ingredients Journal of Japan, 213, No. 4, 365-371 (2008).

II. Example 1: Detection of dissimilar gums by diffuse reflection near infrared spectroscopy II-1. Acquisition of diffuse reflection near-infrared spectral original spectrum with near-infrared spectrophotometer Place about 20g of pre-processed gum powder into a sample rotator (51mm diameter dedicated cup), and use near-infrared spectrophotometer (FT-NIR MPA) System, Bruker Optics Co., Ltd.). While rotating the sample rotator, diffuse reflection was measured under the conditions of wavenumber region: 12,500-4,000 cm ⁻¹ , resolution: 16 cm ⁻¹ , and number of scans: 64 times, and an original spectrum was obtained.

II-2. Analysis of near-infrared spectral spectrum Wavelength range of acquired original spectrum: Normal spectrum is normalized, first-order differential processing, second-order using software attached to FT-NIR MPA system in the range of 10,000-4,000cm ^-1 Differential processing was performed to obtain a differential spectrum.

II-3. Results FIG. 10 shows the differential spectra of gum arabic Senegal, gum arabic seial, and gum arabic polycanter. The shape of the differential spectrum was different depending on the gum type.

III. Example 2: Evaluation of gum quality III-1. Standard product As a standard product, a gum of the same kind as the test gum and having a known quality was used. In order to create a calibration curve, gums with different quality values were prepared for each quality of each gum.

III-2. Acquisition of differential spectrum The differential spectrum was acquired by the method similar to said II-1 and II-2.

III-3. Calibration curve creation Calibration curves for each quality parameter were created using the calibration curve optimization function of the software (OPUS QUANT) included with the FT-NIR MPA system. Specifically, principal component values for each quality were obtained from a standard product by partial least squares (PLS) regression analysis, and a calibration curve was created using these values. Each calibration curve was evaluated by standard error and contribution rate by cross validation.
For gum arabic, a calibration curve was prepared for each range of loss on drying.

III-5. Measurement of each quality parameter of test gum A differential spectrum was obtained in the same manner as described in II-1 and II-2. Principal component values were calculated by PLS regression analysis for each quality parameter of the test gum in the same manner as II-3. The principal component value was applied to a calibration curve corresponding to each quality parameter, and the quality parameter value of the test gum was obtained.

III-6. Results (1) Gum arabic FIG. 11 shows the results of evaluating the correlation between the quality values of quality parameters measured by conventional methods and the quality parameter values measured by near-infrared spectroscopy for gum arabic. FIG. 11 (a) and FIG. 11 (b) show the average molecular weight. FIG.11 (c) and FIG.11 (d) show AGP content. FIG. 11 (a) and FIG. 11 (c) show the results of evaluating the correlation without performing grouping by loss on drying. FIG. 11 (b) and FIG. 11 (d) show the quality values of quality parameters measured by the conventional method and the quality measured by near-infrared spectroscopy for gum arabic having a loss on drying of 13 to 15%. The result of evaluating the correlation of parameter values is shown.

When the average molecular weight was not grouped by weight loss, the correlation coefficient R ² was 0.372 in FIG. 11 (a), that is, no correlation was observed. In contrast, gum arabic with a loss on drying in the range of 13 to 15% [FIG. 11 (b)] has a correlation coefficient R ² of 0.805, that is, a good correlation was observed.

When the AGP content was not divided into groups by weight loss, the correlation coefficient R ² was 0.603 in FIG. 11 (c), that is, the correlation was poor. On the other hand, the gum arabic with the loss on drying in the range of 13 to 15% [FIG. 11 (d)] has a correlation coefficient R ² of 0.822, that is, a good correlation was observed.

  This suggests that when the quality of gum arabic is evaluated by near-infrared spectroscopy, the moisture content affects the measurement. And it was shown that more accurate evaluation can be performed by grouping by the parameter indicating the moisture content such as loss on drying and aligning the moisture content of the standard product and the test gum.

(2) Gadi Gum FIG. 12 shows the results of evaluating the correlation between the quality value of the quality parameter measured by the conventional method and the quality parameter value measured by the near-infrared spectroscopy for gadhi gum. 12 (a) shows the content of insoluble dissimilar gum, FIG. 12 (b) shows the viscosity (mPa · s) in a 15% aqueous solution, FIG. 12 (c) shows the tannin content, and FIG. The emulsified particle diameter is shown respectively. The correlation coefficients R ² were 0.860, 0.842, 0.933, and 0.810, respectively, that is, good correlation was shown.

  From the above results, it was shown that the measurement result of the quality parameter by the near infrared spectroscopy shows a good correlation with the conventional method. Since the measurement by near-infrared spectroscopy is completed in a short time, according to the method, the quality of the gum can be evaluated in a shorter time than the conventional method.

Claims (21)

A method for determining the mixing of different types of gum into gum arabic or gadhi gum,
(1) One or more types of pre-processed spectral data generated by pre-processing original spectral data acquired from a measurement sample by diffuse reflection near-infrared spectroscopy, for gum arabic or gadhi gum Comparing with standard spectral data of
(2) determining whether or not the gum sample contains a different type of gum based on the comparison result obtained in the step (1);
Including a method. The original spectral data, the range of wave numbers 12,500~4,000 cm ^-1, and is obtained in a range of resolution 2～64Cm ^-1, determination method according to claim 1. The determination method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the comparison in the step (1) is performed by comparing waveforms of the processed spectrum data and the standard spectrum data. The determination method according to claim 1, wherein the comparison in the step (1) is performed by conformity analysis. The determination method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the processed spectral data and the standard spectral data in the step (1) are compared in a wave number range of 12,500 to 4,000 cm- ¹ . The step (1) further includes obtaining a loss on drying of the measurement sample,
When the comparison in the step (1) compares the processed spectral data with one or more kinds of standard spectral data acquired for gum arabic or gadhi gum, drying of the measurement sample that generated the processed spectral data A comparison of one or more standard spectral data obtained for gum arabic or gadhi gum having a range of weight loss corresponding to weight loss and the processed spectral data,
The determination method as described in any one of Claims 1-5. The determination method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the measurement sample is a sap powdered product or a sap ball pulverized product. A method for judging the quality of a gum,
(I) The processed spectrum data generated by pre-processing the original spectrum data obtained from the measurement sample by diffuse reflection near infrared spectroscopy is used for one or more quality parameters of gum arabic or gadhi gum. Applying to the calibration curve generated in step 1, and calculating the value of one or more quality parameters of the measurement sample for each quality parameter;
(II) comparing the value of one or more quality parameters of the measurement sample with a reference value of the corresponding quality parameter, and determining the quality of the measurement sample based on the comparison result;
Including a method. The quality parameter is at least one selected from the group consisting of loss on drying, average molecular weight, arabinogalactan protein content, inclusion or absence of insoluble gum, viscosity, tannin content, and emulsification. The determination method described. The quality parameter is at least one selected from the group consisting of average molecular weight, arabinogalactan protein content, glycoprotein content, insoluble gum content or non-content, viscosity, tannin content, and gum emulsifiability.
Further, the step (I) further includes a step of obtaining a loss on drying of the measurement sample,
When the comparison in the step (I) compares the processed spectral data with one or more kinds of standard spectral data acquired for gum arabic or gadhi gum, the processed spectral data is converted to 1 for gum arabic or gadhi gum. It is a step of applying the calibration curve generated according to the loss on drying of the measurement sample for each kind or a plurality of kinds of quality parameters, and calculating the value of one or more kinds of quality parameters of the measurement sample for each quality parameter. ,
The determination method according to claim 8. The original spectral data, the range of wave numbers 12,500~4,000 cm ^-1, and is obtained in a range of resolution 2～64Cm ^-1, determination method according to any one of claims 8-10. The comparison between the processed spectral data and the standard spectral data in the step (III) is performed in a wave number range of 12,500 to 4,000 cm ^-1 . Judgment method. The determination method according to any one of claims 8 to 12, wherein the measurement sample is a sap powdered product or a sap ball pulverized product. An apparatus for judging the mixing of different types of gums,
With a processing unit,
The processing unit is a pre-processed spectral data generated by preprocessing the original spectral data acquired from the measurement sample by diffuse reflection near-infrared spectroscopy. Compare with multiple types of standard spectral data,
Determining whether the gum sample contains different types of gums based on the comparison results,
Said device. A system for judging the inclusion of different types of gums,
A near-infrared spectroscopic spectrum measuring device;
A near infrared spectroscopy analyzer,
The near-infrared spectral original spectrum measuring apparatus includes a processing unit, a measuring unit, and a communication unit,
The near-infrared spectrum analyzer includes a processing unit and a communication unit,
The processing unit of the measuring device is
The original spectrum data of the measurement sample acquired by the diffuse reflection near infrared spectroscopy in the measurement unit of the measurement device is transmitted to the near infrared spectrum analysis device through the communication unit of the measurement device,
The processing unit of the analysis device includes:
Receive the original spectrum data transmitted from the near-infrared spectral original spectrum measurement device via the communication unit of the analysis device,
Pre-process the original spectral data to generate post-processing spectral data;
Comparing the processed spectral data with one or more standard spectral data previously generated for gum arabic or gadhi gum;
Determining whether the gum sample contains different types of gums based on the comparison results,
Said system. A method for producing a system for judging the inclusion of different types of gums,
Preparing a near-infrared spectrophotometer measuring device;
Providing a near infrared spectroscopy analyzer,
The near-infrared spectral original spectrum measuring apparatus includes a processing unit, a measuring unit, and a communication unit,
The near-infrared spectrum analyzer includes a processing unit and a communication unit,
The processing unit of the measuring device is
The original spectrum data of the measurement sample acquired by the diffuse reflection near infrared spectroscopy in the measurement unit of the measurement device is transmitted to the near infrared spectrum analysis device through the communication unit of the measurement device,
The processing unit of the analysis device includes:
Receive the original spectrum data transmitted from the near-infrared spectral original spectrum measurement device via the communication unit of the analysis device,
Pre-process the original spectral data to generate post-processing spectral data;
Comparing the processed spectral data with one or more standard spectral data previously generated for gum arabic or gadhi gum;
Determining whether the gum sample contains different types of gums based on the comparison results,
The production method. A device for judging the quality of a gum,
With a processing unit,
The processor is
The processed spectral data generated by preprocessing the original spectral data acquired from the measurement sample by diffuse reflectance near infrared spectroscopy is generated for each of one or more quality parameters for gum arabic or gadhi gum. Applied to the calibration curve, the value of one or more quality parameters of the measurement sample is calculated for each quality parameter,
Comparing one or more quality parameter values of the measurement sample with a reference value of the corresponding quality parameter, and determining the quality of the measurement sample based on the comparison result;
Said device. A system for judging the quality of a gum,
A near-infrared spectroscopic spectrum measuring device;
A near infrared spectroscopy analyzer,
The near-infrared spectral original spectrum measuring apparatus includes a processing unit, a measuring unit, and a communication unit,
The near-infrared spectrum analyzer includes a processing unit and a communication unit,
The processing unit of the measuring device is
The original spectrum data of the measurement sample acquired by the diffuse reflection near infrared spectroscopy in the measurement unit of the measurement device is transmitted to the near infrared spectrum analysis device through the communication unit of the measurement device,
The processing unit of the analysis device includes:
Receive the original spectrum data transmitted from the near-infrared spectral original spectrum measurement device via the communication unit of the analysis device,
Pre-process the original spectral data to generate post-processing spectral data;
The processed spectrum data is applied to a calibration curve generated for one or more kinds of quality parameters for gum arabic or gadhi gum, and the values of one or more kinds of quality parameters of the measurement sample are calculated for each quality parameter. And
Comparing one or more quality parameter values of the measurement sample with a reference value of the corresponding quality parameter, and determining the quality of the measurement sample based on the comparison result;
Said system. A method for producing a system for judging the quality of a gum,
Preparing a near-infrared spectrophotometer measuring device;
Providing a near infrared spectroscopy analyzer,
The near-infrared spectral original spectrum measuring apparatus includes a processing unit, a measuring unit, and a communication unit,
The near-infrared spectrum analyzer includes a processing unit and a communication unit,
The processing unit of the measuring device is
The original spectrum data of the measurement sample acquired by the diffuse reflection near infrared spectroscopy in the measurement unit of the measurement device is transmitted to the near infrared spectrum analysis device through the communication unit of the measurement device,
The processing unit of the analysis device includes:
Receive the original spectrum data transmitted from the near-infrared spectral original spectrum measurement device via the communication unit of the analysis device,
Pre-process the original spectral data to generate post-processing spectral data;
The processed spectrum data is applied to a calibration curve generated for one or more kinds of quality parameters for gum arabic or gadhi gum, and the values of one or more kinds of quality parameters of the measurement sample are calculated for each quality parameter. And
Comparing one or more quality parameter values of the measurement sample with a reference value of the corresponding quality parameter, and determining the quality of the measurement sample based on the comparison result;
Said system. A computer program for determining mixing of different gums, which, when executed by a computer, causes the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 to be executed. A computer program for determining the quality of a gum, which when run on a computer causes the method according to any one of claims 8 to 13 to be executed.