JP2019183361A - rope - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a rope having light-weight and high-strength, excellent in workability, less in a dimensional change and a strength reduction, suppressed in inside fiber breakage caused by abrasion between strands, and excellent in durability.SOLUTION: In a rope comprising a plurality of strands, each strand has an outer layer part comprising at least 1 layer including an outermost layer, and an inner layer part disposed more inner than the outer layer, the outer layer part is mainly composed of a high-strength polyethylene filament composed of a high-strength polyethylene fiber or a high-strength polyethylene film having tensile strength of 18 cN/dtex or more, the inner layer part is mainly composed of an organic polymer filament composed of an organic polymer fiber or a film having tensile strength of 18 cN/dtex or more, and the total fineness of the high-strength polyethylene filament contained in the outer layer part is more than a total fineness of the high-strength polyethylene filament contained in the inner layer part.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

  The present invention relates to a rope composed of a plurality of strands, particularly to a rope whose inner layer portion is mainly composed of an organic polymer linear body and whose outer layer portion is mainly composed of a high-strength polyethylene linear body.

  As an industrial rope, organic polymer linear bodies (aramid fiber, ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene fiber, liquid crystal polyester fiber, polyarylate fiber, PBO fiber, etc.) having various physical properties and characteristics such as high strength, high durability, and light weight are available. Many are used.

  For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a rope using a strand made of a yarn in which a high-strength polyethylene fiber is used for an inner layer portion and a high-strength polyethylene fiber and a polyester fiber are used for an outer layer portion. High-strength polyethylene fibers are light (low specific gravity), high-strength and high-elasticity properties compared to organic polymer linear bodies, such as wholly aromatic polyamide fibers and wholly aromatic polyester fibers, Excellent light resistance, UV resistance, weather resistance, abrasion resistance, chemical resistance, etc. However, since the resistance to dimensional change and creep resistance against tension are low, the rope stretches and its cross-sectional area decreases. As a result, there is a problem that the strength is reduced. In particular, it is not preferable that the inner layer portion having a high contribution to the rope performance (strength, dimensional stability, etc.) contains excessively high strength polyethylene fibers having low dimensional change resistance and creep resistance.

  Further, due to the curvature of the rope, a difference in curvature is generated between the inner peripheral side and the outer peripheral side of the curved portion, a shear friction force is induced between the strands constituting the rope, and friction is generated at the interface between the strands. In Patent Document 2, the inner layer portion is composed of a strand made of an organic polymer linear body, and the outer layer portion is covered with a strand composed of a high-strength polyethylene fiber, so that light resistance, wear resistance of the rope, etc. Although such a rope is disclosed, in such a rope, even if the wear on the rope surface can be suppressed, the internal fiber breakage due to the wear inside the rope, that is, the inter-strand wear cannot be suppressed. There is a problem.

  For example, as in Patent Document 3, it is possible to reduce the friction between the strands by coating each strand with a resin or the like, but if the strands are coated, the extensibility and flexibility of each strand are impaired, The rope loses its flexibility. Further, since a shearing force is applied between the resin and the fiber, the interface is easily broken due to repeated wear. That is, there was a problem that it was inferior in durability. Furthermore, since it becomes difficult to visually inspect the presence or absence of fiber breakage (deterioration progress) in the strand, there is a problem in rope maintenance management.

JP 2013-19070 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-165164 JP 2005-220451 A

  An object of the present invention is to provide a rope that is lightweight and high in strength, excellent in workability, has little dimensional change and reduced strength even during long-term use, and has excellent durability that suppresses internal fiber breakage due to wear between strands. To do.

  As a result of sincerity studies to achieve the above object, the rope of the present invention is a rope in which a high-strength polyethylene linear body is disposed on the outer layer portion of each strand constituting the rope and an organic polymer linear body is disposed on the inner layer portion. As a result, the inventors have found that changes in the rope dimensions and strength over time can be remarkably suppressed, long-term stability can be obtained, and that the life of the rope can be extended.

  In addition, the rope of the present invention is provided with a high-strength polyethylene linear body in the outer layer of the strand, so that it has excellent wear resistance with the outer surface that the rope comes into contact with and wear resistance between the strands. It has UV resistance and weather resistance that can withstand exposure to wind and rain.

  The rope of the present invention is a rope composed of a plurality of strands, and each strand has at least one outer layer portion including the outermost layer, and an inner layer portion disposed in the inner layer rather than the outer layer portion. The constituting linear body is mainly composed of a high-strength polyethylene linear body having a single yarn tensile strength of 18 cN / dtex or more, and the linear body constituting the inner layer portion has a single yarn tensile strength of 18 cN / dtex or more. The organic polymer linear body is mainly configured, and the total fineness of the high-strength polyethylene linear body contained in the outer layer portion is larger than the total fineness of the high-strength polyethylene linear body contained in the inner layer portion.

  Preferably, the organic polymer linear body in the inner layer portion is selected from the group of wholly aromatic polyamide or ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene, liquid crystal polyester, polyarylate, PBO and the like, and more preferably the outer layer portion has a high height. The strength polyethylene linear body is formed by twisting a high strength polyethylene film.

  According to the present invention, the rope is composed of a strand having a high-strength polyethylene linear body in the outer layer portion and an organic polymer linear body in the inner layer portion, thereby being lightweight, high-strength, excellent in workability, and long-term. There is little drop in strength in use, and a rope with excellent durability, UV resistance and light resistance, which suppresses internal fiber breakage due to wear between strands, and high long-term stability is provided.

It is explanatory drawing of the F / M abrasion resistance test of an original yarn and an original film. It is explanatory drawing of a rope repeated bending fatigue test. It is explanatory drawing of the strand as described in an Example and the comparative example 3. FIG. It is explanatory drawing of the strand as described in Comparative Examples 1 and 2. FIG. It is explanatory drawing of the other Example of the strand as described in this invention. It is explanatory drawing of the other Example of the strand as described in this invention. It is explanatory drawing of the 12 hitting rope as described in an Example and a comparative example. It is a schematic diagram which shows the manufacturing method of the 12 hitting rope as described in an Example and a comparative example. It is a graph which shows the reflection spectrum of the high intensity | strength polyethylene linear body used for the linear body of the outer layer part of Examples 1, 2, 4-6.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail.

  The rope of the present invention is a rope composed of a plurality of strands, and each strand has at least one outer layer portion including the outermost layer, and an inner layer portion disposed in the inner layer rather than the outer layer portion. , Mainly composed of high-strength polyethylene linear body made of high-strength polyethylene fiber or high-strength polyethylene film having a tensile strength of 18 cN / dtex or more, and the inner layer portion is made of organic polymer fiber or film having a tensile strength of 18 cN / dtex or more. It is preferable that the total fineness of the high-strength polyethylene linear body that is mainly composed of the organic polymer linear body and that is included in the outer layer portion is larger than the total fineness of the high-strength polyethylene linear body that is included in the inner layer portion.

  High-strength polyethylene linear bodies are made of polyethylene resin with a very high molecular weight, generally referred to as ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, as a raw material, giving a strong stretch orientation during fiber or film morphological processing, and extremely high in the length direction. It is preferably composed of an ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene fiber and / or an ultra high molecular weight polyethylene film that achieves an elastic modulus and strength.

  In addition, a linear body refers to a fine thread-like structure, such as what twisted the fiber and the film (slit film, tape, etc.), for example. The inner layer portion refers to a cross-sectional area (total fineness) of a high-strength polyethylene linear body that is smaller than a cross-sectional area (total fineness) of an organic polymer linear body when the strand cross-section is divided into layers. A layer, ie, a layer mainly composed of an organic polymer linear body, and the outer layer portion has a cross-sectional area (total fineness) of a high-strength polyethylene linear body larger than a cross-sectional area (total fineness) of the organic polymer linear body The layer, that is, a layer mainly composed of high-strength polyethylene fibers is used. The outer layer portion is disposed on the outer side in the strand radial direction (outermost layer side), and the inner layer portion is disposed on the inner side in the strand radial direction (axial center side) than the outer layer portion.

The high-strength polyethylene resin preferably has a weight average molecular weight of at least 5.0 × 10 ⁵ g / mol or more, more preferably 1.0 × 10 ^{6 to} 1.0 × 10 ⁸ g / mol. It is preferable. The tensile modulus after processing into a fiber or film is preferably 50 GPa or more, more preferably 80 GPa or more, and most preferably 150 GPa or more.

  The high-strength polyethylene linear body preferably has an apparent specific gravity of 0.75 to 0.97, more preferably 0.75 to 0.95, and still more preferably 0.75 to 0.93.

  High-strength polyethylene fibers are light (low specific gravity), high-strength and high-elasticity properties compared to organic polymer linear bodies, such as wholly aromatic polyamide fibers and wholly aromatic polyester fibers, Excellent light resistance, UV resistance, weather resistance, abrasion resistance, chemical resistance, etc. However, since dimensional change resistance and creep resistance are inferior, by arranging a high-strength polyethylene linear body in the outer layer portion and an organic polymer linear shape in the inner layer portion, the dimensional change of the rope and the strength change with time. It can be remarkably suppressed, long-term stability can be obtained, and the life of the rope can be increased.

  The linear body constituting the outer layer part preferably has a tensile strength of 18 cN / dtex or more. The upper limit of the tensile strength is preferably 60 cN / dtex or less, more preferably 50 cN / dtex or less, and most preferably 40 cN / dtex or less. If it is less than 18 cN / dtex, the strength as a rope cannot be obtained, which is not preferable. Moreover, when it is larger than 60 cN / dtex, it becomes difficult for the rope to obtain flexibility and flexibility.

  The linear body constituting the inner layer portion has a tensile strength of 18 cN / dtex or more. In addition, it is preferable that the upper limit of tensile strength is 60 cN / dtex or less. More preferably, it is 20 cN / dtex or more and 50 cN / dtex or less, Most preferably, it is 22 cN / dtex or more and 40 cN / dtex or less. If it is less than 18 cN / dtex, the strength as a rope cannot be obtained, which is not preferable. Moreover, when it is larger than 60 cN / dtex (such strength is obtained in, for example, PAN-based carbon fiber), it becomes difficult for the rope to obtain flexibility and flexibility.

  The high-strength polyethylene linear body is preferably disposed so as to satisfy (cover) the outermost layer of each strand, for example, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 5 from the viewpoint of wear resistance, light resistance maintenance, and the like. In other words, it is preferable that one layer is continuously disposed on the outermost layer of the strand, and it may be disposed only on the outermost layer. Further, by providing a plurality of layers, the wear resistance and the light resistance may be further improved. For example, a part may be provided in a plurality of layers as shown in FIG.

  As long as the above viewpoint is not impaired, the outer layer portion may be mainly composed of a high-strength polyethylene linear body. For example, as shown in FIG. It is also possible that organic polymer linears and the like are mixed and mixed in other parts, and the high-strength polyethylene linear body in the outer layer part is preferably 90% or more. Note that “mainly” means that 50% or more of the cross-sectional area ratio is blended and disposed.

  The high-strength polyethylene linear body preferably has a reflectance (scattering reflectance) of 30% or more at a wavelength of 280 to 380 nm (UV-A, UV-B among so-called near ultraviolet rays), more preferably the reflectance. (Scattering reflectance) is 40% or more, particularly preferably 50% or more. By reflecting and cutting the ultraviolet rays at the outer layer portion, it is possible to effectively suppress the deterioration of the linear body of the inner layer portion due to the ultraviolet rays, and to improve the ultraviolet resistance of the rope.

  The high-strength polyethylene linear body preferably has a reflectance (scattering reflectance) at a wavelength of 380 to 750 nm (so-called visible light) of 30% or more, and more preferably has a reflectance (scattering reflectance) of 40%. Above, especially preferably 50% or more. By reflecting and cutting visible light at the outer layer portion, deterioration of the linear body of the inner layer portion due to visible light can be effectively suppressed, and the light resistance of the rope can be improved.

  Also, the performance (strength, dimensional stability, etc.) of the rope is more easily reflected in the outer layer portion than the physical properties of the linear body disposed in the outer layer portion, rather than the physical properties of the linear body disposed in the inner layer portion. Long-term stability can be achieved by increasing the total fineness of the high-strength polyethylene linear body contained in the inner layer, compared to the total fineness of the high-strength polyethylene linear body, thereby improving dimensional resistance and creep resistance. High rope can be obtained.

  In the rope of the present invention, the organic polymer linear body of the inner layer portion is mainly composed of at least one fiber or film selected from the group of wholly aromatic polyamide or ultrahigh molecular polyethylene, liquid crystal polyester, polyarylate, PBO and the like. It is preferable. Of these, a wholly aromatic polyamide fiber excellent in dimensional change resistance and creep resistance is particularly preferable. Furthermore, para-type aromatic polyamide fiber (for example, polyparaphenylene terephthalamide fiber, manufactured by Teijin Aramid Co., Ltd., “Twaron”), 3,4′oxydiphenylenediamine or 4,4′oxydiphenylenediamine A copolymer-type para-aramid fiber (for example, copolyparaphenylene-3, 4′-oxydiphenylene terephthalamide fiber, manufactured by Teijin Ltd., “Technola”) as a polymerization component is preferable.

  The organic polymer linear body may be a linear body formed by twisting a multifilament and / or monofilament organic polymer fiber and / or a film (slit film, tape, etc.).

  In the rope of the present invention, the high-strength polyethylene linear body in the outer layer portion is preferably composed of a multifilament and / or monofilament high-strength polyethylene fiber or a high-strength polyethylene film, and the high-strength polyethylene film is twisted. It is more preferable that the linear body is configured as described above. The outer layer portion may be formed by braiding a high-strength polyethylene linear body (with a braided structure).

  When the high-strength polyethylene linear body in the outer layer portion is composed of multifilament and / or monofilament high-strength polyethylene fibers, the diameter (approximate diameter) of the single yarn of the high-strength polyethylene fibers is 30 to 200 μm. Is more preferable, and it is preferable that it is 40-100 micrometers, Most preferably, it is 50-80 micrometers. The single yarn fineness of the high-strength polyethylene fiber is preferably 8 to 400 dtex, more preferably 15 to 100 dtex, and most preferably 25 to 70 dtex.

  When the high-strength polyethylene linear body of the outer layer part is composed of a high-strength polyethylene film, the thickness of the high-strength polyethylene film is preferably 30 to 200 μm, more preferably 40 to 140 μm, Preferably it is 50-80 micrometers. The width of the film does not contribute to the rope performance, but is preferably in the range of 0.2 to 200 mm in view of the difficulty of manufacturing processing such as slit processing and twist processing, and more preferably 0.5. ˜160 mm is preferred, most preferably 1-50 mm. In addition, when using a film with a width of 10 mm or more, it may cause difficulty in twisting, but in order to improve twisting workability, it is folded in advance in the width direction or passed through a comb or the like to tear the film. May be applied.

  The degree of decrease in rope strength is related to the diameter or fineness of the single yarn of the high-strength polyethylene fiber constituting the high-strength polyethylene linear body of the outer layer portion, or the thickness of the high-strength polyethylene film, which is as described above. By making the range appropriately, the strength reduction of the rope can be effectively suppressed.

  In the rope of the present invention, the FM abrasion resistance of the high-strength polyethylene fiber and / or the high-strength polyethylene film constituting the high-strength polyethylene linear body of the outer layer portion of each strand is preferably 20,000 cycles or more, More than a cycle is more preferable, More preferably, it is 120,000 cycles or more. When this range is satisfied, a drop in rope strength with time is remarkably suppressed.

  In general, the phenomenon of friction and wear is complicated, and it is difficult to specify the controlling factor of performance. However, according to the result of earnest examination by the inventor, in order to obtain excellent FM wear resistance, the above-described high strength is required. In addition to the physical properties of the polyethylene fiber or film, it has been found that the diameter or fineness of the single yarn of the high-strength polyethylene fiber and the thickness of the high-strength polyethylene film must satisfy the above-mentioned ranges.

  Uses high-strength polyethylene linear body with excellent FM wear resistance in the outer layer to suppress wear deterioration against contact wear phenomenon between strands caused by repeated external force deformation (tensile, bending) when using a rope. It is estimated that. That is, by using a high-strength polyethylene linear body that satisfies the above-mentioned requirements for the outer layer portion, contact wear between strands can be suppressed, so that a rope that does not easily break and has excellent long-term stability is obtained. be able to.

In the rope of the present invention, the creep rate of the organic polymer linear body in the inner layer portion is preferably 1.0 × 10 ⁻³ % / min or less, more preferably 7.0 × 10 ⁻⁴ % / min or less. More preferably, it is 5.0 × 10 ⁻⁴ % / min or less. Thereby, since the strength fall when a long-time load is given can be controlled, a rope excellent in durability can be obtained.

  When the organic polymer linear body in the inner layer portion is mainly composed of multifilament and / or monofilament organic polymer fibers, the single yarn fineness of the organic polymer fibers is preferably 0.5 to 400 dtex. Further, it is preferably 1 to 200 dtex, and most preferably 1.5 to 100 dtex.

  When the organic polymer linear body of the inner layer portion is mainly composed of an organic polymer film, it is preferably composed of an organic polymer film having a thickness of 10 to 200 μm and a width of 0.2 to 200 mm. . Furthermore, the thickness is preferably 25 to 120 μm and the width is preferably 0.5 to 50 μm, and most preferably the thickness is 40 to 80 μm and the width is 1 to 10 μm.

  The ratio of the total fineness of the organic polymer linear body in the inner layer portion to the total fineness of the high-strength polyethylene linear body in the outer layer portion is preferably 35:65 to 65:35, and more preferably 40:60 to 60 : 40, and most preferably 45: 55-60: 40.

  The rope of the present invention is a rope composed of a plurality of strands, and each strand has at least one outer layer portion including the outermost layer, and an inner layer portion disposed in the inner layer rather than the outer layer portion. , Mainly composed of high-strength polyethylene linear body made of high-strength polyethylene fiber or high-strength polyethylene film having a tensile strength of 18 cN / dtex or more, and the inner layer portion is made of organic polymer fiber or film having a tensile strength of 18 cN / dtex or more. It is preferable that the total fineness of the high-strength polyethylene linear body that is mainly composed of the organic polymer linear body and that is included in the outer layer portion is larger than the total fineness of the high-strength polyethylene linear body that is included in the inner layer portion.

  As schematically shown in FIG. 8, the rope manufacturing method of the present invention is a first step in which a high-strength polyethylene linear body comprising a high-strength polyethylene fiber or a high-strength polyethylene film having a tensile strength of 18 cN / dtex or more is used. It is mainly composed of an inner polymer linear bundle 9 composed of a plurality of linear bodies and an organic polymer linear body composed of organic polymer fibers or films having a tensile strength of 18 cN / dtex or more. As described above, a linear body bundle 10 of an outer layer portion in which a plurality of linear bodies are gathered is created. Next, in the second step, the obtained wire bundles are arranged in the second step so that the wire bundle 9 in the inner layer portion is disposed in the inner layer rather than the wire bundle 10 in the outer layer portion. After the inner layer portion linear body bundle 9 is disposed on the inner layer portion, the outer layer portion linear body bundle 10 is disposed on the inner layer portion to form a strand 13. Next, the rope of the present invention is created by forming the obtained strand 13 into a rope shape in the third step. Each process may use a conventional rope manufacturing method in a timely manner according to the material to be used, the required properties of the rope, and the like.

  In the first step of FIG. 8, which shows an example of a method for producing a rope, 1 to 2 to 16, preferably 2 to 4, fibers are twisted together, and 2 to 16, Preferably, about 2 to 8 pieces are twisted together to form a linear body bundle (yarn). Depending on the rope design, the wire bundle (yarn) may be further twisted to make it thicker. In addition, the linear body using a film should just produce a linear body bundle similarly to the fiber mentioned above. In addition, although twist conditions should just be set according to the use characteristic of a rope, when performing high strength and a low elongation rope design, it is preferable that it is a low twist condition, and the top twist conditions are 5-100. Times / m, preferably 10 to 50 times / m.

  Next, in the second step of FIG. 8, a plurality of linear body bundles constituting the outer layer portion are laminated on a plurality of linear body bundles constituting the inner layer portion on the axial side of the strands. The strands are bundled so as to be laminated in layers and twisted in the direction opposite to the upper twist direction of each linear body to create a strand.

  Next, in the third step of FIG. 8, six strands are braided with two strands as one pair, and a 12-strand braided rope composed of 12 strands is created. In addition, you may make a rope by twisting directly without knitting and knitting. In addition, as a rope configuration, a three-strand rope formed by twisting three strands, an eight-strand rope by braiding of 2 × 4, 2 × 6, 12-strand rope, etc. It may be a rope configuration created by applying a twisting, braiding, and braiding process.

  The total fineness of the rope of the present invention is preferably 1.8 million to 500 million dtex, more preferably 4 million to 55 million dtex as an industrial rope, particularly a rope for large ships. The most preferable is 7 million to 27 million dtex.

  According to the present invention, by using an organic polymer linear body having a small creep plate for the inner layer portion, it is possible to suppress a decrease in strength when a long-time load is applied, and therefore, excellent durability, and By using a high-strength polyethylene linear body with high abrasion resistance and high scattering reflectance for the outer layer part, it is possible to obtain a long-life rope by suppressing wear and ultraviolet deterioration of the inner layer part of the rope, In the rope composed of a plurality of strands using a high-strength polyethylene linear body having a low apparent specific gravity as compared with the organic polymer linear body in the inner layer portion, each strand includes at least one outer layer portion including the outermost layer; An inner layer portion disposed in the inner layer rather than the outer layer portion, and the total fineness of the high-strength polyethylene linear body contained in the outer layer portion is the total fineness of the high-strength polyethylene linear body contained in the inner layer portion. By arranging more, the apparent specific gravity is light, and it has a settling resistance against seawater, and it is compatible with multiple properties such as durability, wear resistance, UV resistance, settling resistance, etc. I was able to get a rope that could be used.

  The rope of the present invention can be used in a number of applications. Especially suitable for applications where the rope is subject to tensile fatigue and bending fatigue in harsh environments such as outdoors and the ocean. Used for mooring, towing, winch.

  EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although an Example demonstrates this invention further in detail, this invention is not limited to a following example.

(1) Creep plate test of raw yarn and raw film A non-twisted test piece is subjected to a tensile test at a constant load at 20 ° C., and the test piece is stretched between 40 minutes and 70 minutes after the test load is applied. The rate (%) was divided by the test time (30 minutes) to determine the creep plate (% / min). The test load was equivalent to 30% of the tensile strength at break of the test piece, and it was tested after confirming that there was no slip error of the test piece due to chucking during the tensile test.

(2) F / M abrasion resistance test of raw yarn and raw film FIG. 1 shows an evaluation apparatus for F / M abrasion resistance test. A non-twisted test piece 1 is attached to a plastic pulley 2 and a tensioned piano wire 3 having an outer diameter of 0.8 mm, and a weight 4 is suspended at one end so that the load is 6.2 mN / dtex, and the other end. Was reciprocated at 1 cycle / second, and the number of cycles until the test piece was broken by friction between the test piece 1 and the piano wire 3 was measured. A pulley 2 having a sufficiently low friction coefficient was used, and the wear relationship between the test piece 1 and the piano wire 3 was measured. As for the weight 4, for example, a weight of about 1050 g (about 10300 mN) is used in the case of a test piece having a fineness of 1670 dtex.

(3) Test of time change rate of rope dimensions under constant load (Dimension change rate)
A rope test piece with eye splicing was prepared, and a tensile test under a constant test load was performed at room temperature using a large-sized tensile tester of a hydraulic load method, and the time change rate of the dimension was measured. In addition, in a rope, it is common that elongation deformation is caused by a twisted or braided structure, and in this measurement, a load corresponding to 50% of the rope breaking strength is pre-tensioned to eliminate this effect as much as possible. The test was conducted after applying for a minute. The test load in this test is equivalent to 30% of the rope breaking strength, and the elongation rate (%) of the rope test piece between 10 minutes and 30 minutes is divided by the test time (20 minutes), and the dimensional change rate. (% / Min) was evaluated.
The evaluation results are shown below.
○: The dimensions hardly changed, and exhibited excellent performance as a rope for large ships.
Δ: Since the size is changed, it is mediocre as a rope for large ships.
X: Notable for ropes for large ships because of large changes in dimensions.

(4) Rope repeated bending fatigue test (strong retention)
An evaluation apparatus for the repeated rope bending fatigue test is shown in FIG. Rope test piece 5 is placed along a rotating roll 6 having a sufficiently low surface friction coefficient, one end is subjected to eye splicing, and it is used for fixing a test device 7 that can repeat a rope tension and relaxation cycle. The other end is wrapped around a jig, and the other end has a tensile elastic modulus in the range of 10 to 50% of the rope test piece, a breaking elongation of 2 to 10 times that of the rope test piece, and a tensile strength of 1 to 1 of the rope test piece. It was connected to one end of a fiber rope 8 having a high elongation of 5 times. The two ropes were connected by inserting and fixing mutual strands. The other end of the fiber rope 8 is subjected to eye splicing and wound around a fixture. After that, the load equivalent to 30% of the rope breaking strength is the maximum load, the load equivalent to 5% is the minimum load, and a sinusoidal shape at a frequency of 0.1 Hz. Tension was applied and the rate of decrease in rope strength was evaluated. In this test, relative movement occurs between the rope test piece 5 and the rotating body roll 6, but the rope test piece 5 on the roll 6 has different curvatures of the strands constituting the rope. A shear friction force due to the difference is induced, and as a result, inter-strand wear occurs, and this repetition causes fiber breakage in the strand.
The evaluation results are shown below.
○: It had a sufficient strength retention and exhibited excellent performance as a rope for large ships.
Δ: Although there is a strong retention rate, it is mediocre as a rope for large ships.
X: The strength retention is low and is not suitable for ropes for large ships.

(5) Ultraviolet scattering reflectance measurement test Using an attachment for reflection measurement using an integrating sphere of Shimadzu's spectrophotometer UV-3101PC + MPC-3100, under conditions of a beam size of 8 mm × 2 mm, a slit width of 20 nm, and an incident angle of 8 °. Then, reflection measurement (scattering reflection measurement) was performed. The case where the reflectance was 30% or more at all wavelengths of 280 to 380 nm was evaluated as ◯, and the case where the reflectance was less than 30% at any wavelength was evaluated as ×.

(6) Seawater sedimentation measurement test of rope 120 cm wide, 60 cm wide, 100 cm high transparent tank filled with a solution adjusted to a specific gravity of 1.02 using commercially available artificial seawater to a height of 70 cm The water temperature was adjusted to 20 ° C. The rope test piece cut to a length of 60 cm is allowed to land slowly so as to be parallel to the water surface, and then the holding of the rope test piece is released and the test is started. The sedimentation result of the rope test piece was evaluated according to the following criteria.
○: Floating on the water surface without settling for 10 minutes or more from the start of the test.
Δ: It takes 3 minutes or more from the start of the test to reach the bottom of the water tank.
X: It reaches the bottom of the water tank in less than 3 minutes from the start of the test.

A rope was created as shown below.
[Example 1]
Linear body constituting the inner layer part 11: Copolymer aromatic polyamide fiber (copolyparaphenylene-3, ⁴ having tensile strength of about 24 cN / dtex, creep plate 3 × 10 ⁻⁴ % / min, F / M abrasion resistance 8000 cycles '-Oxydiphenylene terephthalamide, "Technola" manufactured by Teijin Ltd., fineness 1670 dtex, single yarn fineness 5 dtex, tensile modulus 74 GPa).
Linear body bundle (yarn) 9 in the inner layer part: An eight-twisted linear body bundle (yarn) was prepared by twisting the above-mentioned linear body with two and then twisting with four. The upper twisting condition was 40 times / m.

Linear body constituting the outer layer part 12: tensile strength about 23 cN / dtex, F / M abrasion resistance 150,000 cycle ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene film (“Endumax” manufactured by Teijin Aramid Co., Ltd., thickness 0.06 mm, width 2 mm, equivalent Fineness 930 dtex, tensile modulus 180 GPa).
The linear body bundle 10 of the outer layer part: After twisting with 2 pieces, top twisting was performed with 8 pieces, and a 16-twisted linear body bundle was created. The upper twisting condition was 40 times / m.

  Next, 27 inner wire bundles (yarns) 9 and 21 outer wire bundles 10 as described above in FIG. 3 are stacked and twisted up under the condition of 14 turns / m. Created a strand. The total fineness of this strand was 670,000 dtex, the fineness ratio of the inner layer portion was 53.6%, and the fineness ratio of the outer layer portion was 46.4%. In addition, the ratio of the total fineness of the high-strength polyethylene linear body in an inner layer part and an outer layer part was 0: 100. Then, six strands of two strands were used as one set, and a 12-ply braided rope having a total fineness of 8,880,000 dtex consisting of 12 strands was prepared.

  Table 1 shows the results and comprehensive evaluation of the time change rate of the rope dimensions under constant load, the rope repeated bending fatigue test, the ultraviolet scattering reflection measurement test, and the seawater sedimentation measurement test after the rope was created. In Example 1, in the test of the time change rate of the rope dimension under a constant load, the rope dimension hardly changes, and has a sufficient strength retention rate in the rope repeated bending fatigue test. It has sedimentation resistance, and exhibits particularly excellent performance as a rope for large ships. Moreover, by arranging a high-strength polyethylene linear body on the outer layer portion of the strand, it had excellent ultraviolet resistance and weather resistance.

[Example 2]
As the inner layer portion 11, a polyparaphenylene terephthalamide fiber having a tensile strength of about 22 cN / dtex, a creep plate of 3 × 10 ⁻⁴ % / min, manufactured by Teijin Aramid Co., Ltd., “Twaron”, a fineness of 1680 dtex, a single yarn fineness of 1.7 dtex, A strand was formed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a linear bundle of yarns (yarn) having eight strands was used. Created. The total fineness of this strand was 680,000 dtex, the fineness ratio of the inner layer portion was 53.7%, and the fineness ratio of the outer layer portion was 46.3%. In addition, the ratio of the total fineness of the high-strength polyethylene linear body in an inner layer part and an outer layer part was 0: 100. Then, six strands of two strands were used, and a 12-strand braided rope having a total fineness of 8.1 million dtex composed of 12 strands was prepared.

  Table 1 shows the results and comprehensive evaluation of the time-rate change rate of the rope dimensions under a constant load, the rope repeated bending fatigue test, the ultraviolet scattering reflection measurement test, and the seawater sedimentation measurement test after the rope was created. Similarly to Example 1, Example 2 also has particularly excellent performance, ultraviolet resistance, and weather resistance as a rope for large ships.

[Example 3]
As the outer layer portion 12, an ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene fiber having a tensile strength of 33 cN / dtex, a creep plate of 3 × 10 ⁻³ % / min, and an F / M abrasion resistance of 45,000 cycles (“Izanas” manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd., fineness of 1760 dtex, single yarn fineness) 1.8 dtex, tensile elastic modulus 110 GPa) was twisted with two, followed by top twisting with four, and the same method as in Example 1 except that a 16-twisted linear bundle was used. A strand was created. The total fineness of this strand was 660,000 dtex, the fineness ratio of the inner layer portion was 55.0%, and the fineness ratio of the outer layer portion was 45.0%. In addition, the ratio of the total fineness of the high-strength polyethylene linear body in an inner layer part and an outer layer part was 0: 100. Then, six strands of two strands were used, and a 12-strand braided rope having a total fineness of 788,000 dtex consisting of 12 strands was prepared.

  Table 1 shows the results and comprehensive evaluation of the time-rate change rate of the rope dimensions under a constant load, the rope repeated bending fatigue test, the ultraviolet scattering reflection measurement test, and the seawater sedimentation measurement test after the rope was created. In the test of the time change rate of the rope size under a constant load in Example 3, the rope size hardly changes, and has a constant strength retention rate even in the rope repeated bending fatigue test, and is excellent as a rope for large ships. Demonstrated its performance. Moreover, it has excellent ultraviolet resistance and weather resistance as in Example 1.

[Example 4]
A strand was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 22 linear body bundles (yarns) 9 in the inner layer portion and 24 linear body bundles 10 in the outer layer portion were used. The total fineness of this strand was 650,000 dtex, the fineness ratio of the inner layer portion was 45.1%, and the fineness ratio of the outer layer portion was 54.9%. In addition, the ratio of the total fineness of the high-strength polyethylene linear body in an inner layer part and an outer layer part was 0: 100. Then, six strands of two strands were used, and a 12-strand braided rope having a total fineness of 78,110,000 dtex consisting of 12 strands was prepared.

  Table 1 shows the results and comprehensive evaluation of the time-rate change rate of the rope dimensions under a constant load, the rope repeated bending fatigue test, the ultraviolet scattering reflection measurement test, and the seawater sedimentation measurement test after the rope was created. As in Example 1, Example 4 has particularly excellent performance, ultraviolet resistance and weather resistance as a rope for large ships.

[Example 5]
A strand was produced in the same manner as in Example 2 except that 21 linear body bundles (yarns) 9 in the inner layer portion and 26 linear body bundles 10 in the outer layer portion were used. The total fineness of this strand was 670,000 dtex, the fineness ratio of the inner layer portion was 42.2%, and the fineness ratio of the outer layer portion was 57.8%. In addition, the ratio of the total fineness of the high-strength polyethylene linear body in an inner layer part and an outer layer part was 0: 100. Then, six strands of two strands were used, and a 12-strand braided rope having a total fineness of 810,000 dtex consisting of 12 strands was prepared.

  Table 1 shows the results and comprehensive evaluation of the time change rate of the rope dimensions under a constant load, the rope repeated bending fatigue test, the ultraviolet scattering reflection measurement test, and the seawater sedimentation measurement test after the rope was created. As in Example 1, Example 5 has particularly excellent performance, ultraviolet resistance and weather resistance as a rope for large ships.

[Example 6]
Since the rope test evaluation apparatus generally has an upper limit on the load load and there is difficulty in the test evaluation of a rope having a large total fineness, Example 6 does not perform the rope test evaluation. An example of a rope having a large total fineness that can be preferably used by, for example, is shown.

Linear body constituting the inner layer part 11: Copolymer aromatic polyamide fiber (copolyparaphenylene-3, ⁴ having tensile strength of about 24 cN / dtex, creep plate 3 × 10 ⁻⁴ % / min, F / M abrasion resistance 8000 cycles '-Oxydiphenylene terephthalamide, "Technola" manufactured by Teijin Ltd., fineness 1670 dtex, single yarn fineness 5 dtex, tensile modulus 74 GPa).
Linear body bundle 9 in the inner layer portion: After the above-described linear body is twisted with two pieces, the first top twist is performed with four pieces, and the second top twist is conducted with two pieces, and 2 × 4 × 2 A 16-twisted linear bundle (yarn) was prepared. The first twisting condition was 50 times / m, and the second twisting condition was 25 times / m.

Linear body constituting the outer layer part 12: tensile strength about 23 cN / dtex, F / M abrasion resistance 150,000 cycle ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene film (“Endumax” manufactured by Teijin Aramid Co., Ltd., thickness 0.06 mm, width 2 mm, equivalent Fineness 930 dtex)
Outer layer portion linear body bundle 10: After the above-described linear body is twisted with two pieces, four pieces are subjected to the first over twisting, and four pieces are subjected to the second over twisting, 2 × 4 × 4 Thus, a 32 stranded wire bundle was prepared. The first twisting condition was 50 times / m, and the second twisting condition was 25 times / m.

  Next, 27 linear body bundles (yarns) were stacked on the inner layer portion 11 and 21 linear body bundles were stacked on the outer layer portion 12 in the manner shown in FIG. 3 and twisted under the conditions of 14 times / m to create a strand. . The total fineness of this strand was about 1.34 million dtex, the fineness ratio of the inner layer portion was 53.6%, and the fineness ratio of the outer layer portion was 46.4%. In addition, the ratio of the total fineness of the high-strength polyethylene linear body in an inner layer part and an outer layer part was 0: 100. Then, six strands of two strands were used, and a 12-strand braided rope having a total fineness of about 16.16 million dtex consisting of 12 strands was prepared.

[Comparative Example 1]
As the inner layer part 11, only 48 linear body bundles (yarns) used in the inner layer part of Example 1 were used, stacked in the manner shown in FIG. 4, and twisted up under the condition of 14 times / m. Yarn) A strand having a total fineness of 640,000 dtex was produced. Next, 6 strands were used, each consisting of 2 strands, and a 12-ply braided rope having a total fineness of 7.7 million dtex consisting of 12 strands was prepared.

  Table 2 shows the results and comprehensive evaluation of the time change rate of the rope dimensions under constant load, the rope repeated bending fatigue test, the ultraviolet scattering reflection measurement test, and the seawater sedimentation measurement test after the rope was created. In Comparative Example 1, the rope dimension hardly changed in the time change rate test of the rope dimension under a constant load, but the strong retention rate was low in the rope repeated bending fatigue test, and further, the settling resistance to seawater was low. It was insufficient and was not suitable for ropes for large ships.

[Comparative Example 2]
As the inner layer part 11, only 48 linear body bundles (yarns) used in the outer layer part of Example 3 were used, stacked in the manner shown in FIG. 4, and twisted up under the condition of 14 times / m. A strand having a total fineness of 680,000 dtex was prepared with one type of fiber used in the yarn). Next, 6 strands were used, each consisting of 2 strands, and a 12-strand braided rope having a total fineness of 81.11 million dtex made of 12 strands was prepared.

  Table 2 shows the results and comprehensive evaluation of the time change rate of the rope dimensions under constant load, the rope repeated bending fatigue test, the ultraviolet scattering reflection measurement test, and the seawater sedimentation measurement test after the rope was created. Comparative Example 2 has a certain strength retention rate in the repeated rope bending fatigue test and has a settling resistance against seawater, but the size of the rope is greatly changed. It was not suitable for use as a rope.

1: test piece, 2: pulley, 3: piano wire, 4: weight, 5: rope test piece, 6: rotating roll, 7: test device, 8: fiber rope, 9: linear bundle of inner layer, 10: Linear body bundle of outer layer part, 11: Inner layer part, 12: Outer layer part, 13: Strand, 14: Rope

Claims (9)

In a rope consisting of multiple strands,
Each strand has at least one outer layer portion including the outermost layer, and an inner layer portion disposed in the inner layer rather than the outer layer portion,
The outer layer part is mainly composed of a high-strength polyethylene linear body composed of a high-strength polyethylene fiber or a high-strength polyethylene film having a tensile strength of 18 cN / dtex or more,
The inner layer portion is mainly composed of an organic polymer linear body composed of organic polymer fibers or films having a tensile strength of 18 cN / dtex or more,
The total fineness of the high-strength polyethylene linear body contained in the outer layer portion is greater than the total fineness of the high-strength polyethylene linear body contained in the inner layer portion, or the high-strength polyethylene linear body is present only in the outer layer portion. A rope characterized by being included.   2. The rope according to claim 1, wherein the organic polymer linear body of the inner layer portion is at least one selected from the group consisting of wholly aromatic polyamide or ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene, liquid crystal polyester, polyarylate, and PBO.   The rope according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the high-strength polyethylene linear body in the outer layer portion is formed by twisting a high-strength polyethylene film.   The rope according to claim 3, wherein the high-strength polyethylene film has a film thickness of 30 to 200 µm and a film width of 0.2 to 200 mm.   The rope according to any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein the high-strength polyethylene linear body is a high-strength polyethylene fiber having a single yarn fineness of 8 to 400 dtex.   The rope according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the high-strength polyethylene linear body in the outer layer portion has FM wear resistance of 20,000 cycles or more.   The rope according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the high-strength polyethylene linear body in the outer layer portion has a reflectance of 30% or more at a wavelength of 280 to 380 nm. The rope according to claim 1, wherein the organic polymer linear body in the inner layer portion has a creep rate of 1 × 10 ⁻³ % / min or less.   The rope according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein a ratio between the total fineness of the inner layer portion and the total fineness of the outer layer portion is 35:65 to 65:35.

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