JP2019172754A - Lubricant additive, lubricant, grease composition, fuel oil additive, fuel oil and suppression method of oil sludge - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide the lubricant additive, the lubricant, the grease composition, the fuel oil additive, the fuel oil and the suppression method of the oil sludge, in which the lubricant additive can effectively suppress the oil sludge in the lubricant.SOLUTION: The lubricant additive for suppressing the oil sludge has titanium dioxide particles having a photocatalytic function as an active ingredient, in which the titanium dioxide particles are composed only of the anatase type and are used by adding to the lubricant.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a lubricating oil additive, a lubricating oil, a grease composition, a fuel oil additive, a fuel oil, and an oil sludge suppressing method.

  Conventionally, a lubricating oil containing titanium dioxide is known in order to reduce the friction coefficient of the lubricating oil (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

JP 2009-179715 A

The addition of titanium dioxide to lubricating oil in the prior art focuses on the particle size and hardness of titanium dioxide, and polishes uneven portions on the metal surface with titanium dioxide, or allows titanium dioxide to enter the uneven portions on the metal surface. Thus, the object is to improve the surface roughness of the metal surface and reduce the friction coefficient of the lubricating oil.
It has not been known that addition of titanium dioxide to lubricating oil suppresses oil sludge of the lubricating oil.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a lubricating oil additive, a lubricating oil, a grease composition, a fuel oil additive, a fuel oil, and an oil sludge suppressing method capable of effectively suppressing oil sludge.

The present invention pays attention to the photocatalytic function of titanium dioxide particles, and when it is added to a lubricating oil containing titanium dioxide particles as an active ingredient, the present invention has been found to exhibit a useful effect of suppressing oil sludge in the lubricating oil. The invention has been completed.
The gist of the present invention is the following lubricating oil additives (1) to (9).
(1) Using titanium dioxide particles having a photocatalytic function as an active ingredient, the titanium dioxide particles are composed of only anatase type, and the titanium dioxide particles are added to a lubricating oil in an amount of 0.005 wt% or more and less than 0.3 wt%. Lubricating oil additive to suppress the increase of oil sludge.
(2) Lubricating oil containing titanium dioxide particles having a photocatalytic function as an active ingredient, 80% or more of the titanium dioxide particles being anatase type, and adding the titanium dioxide particles to the lubricating oil to suppress oil sludge Additive.
(3) The lubricating oil additive according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the titanium dioxide particles are not coated.
(4) The lubricating oil additive according to any one of (1) to (3), wherein the titanium dioxide particles are nanoparticles having an average particle diameter of 1 nm to 300 nm.
(5) The lubricating oil additive according to any one of (1) to (4), further comprising oil.
(6) The lubricating oil additive according to any one of (1) to (5) above, which is a composition with an oil containing 0.1 to 5% by weight of the titanium dioxide particles in the oil.
(7) The lubricating oil additive according to any one of (1) to (6) above, which further improves fuel consumption.
(8) The lubricating oil additive according to any one of (1) to (7), which further suppresses mechanical vibration.

The gist of the present invention is the following lubricating oil (9) or (10).
(9) A lubricating oil in which the lubricating oil additive according to any one of (1) to (8) is mixed.
(10) The lubricating oil according to any one of (1) to (9) above, containing 0.01 to 0.1% by weight of the titanium dioxide particles.

The gist of the present invention is the following grease composition (11).
(11) A grease composition in which the lubricating oil according to any one of (10) to (12) is mixed.

The gist of the present invention is the following oil sludge suppression method (12) to (15).
(12) An oil sludge suppression method for suppressing oil sludge by adding the lubricant additive according to any one of (1) to (8) above to the lubricant.
(13) The oil sludge suppression method according to (12), which is a method for further improving fuel consumption.
(14) The oil sludge suppression method according to the above (12) or (13), which is a method for further suppressing mechanical vibration.
(15) The oil sludge suppression method according to any one of (12) to (14), wherein the titanium dioxide particles are added to a lubricating oil in an amount of 0.005 wt% or more and less than 0.3 wt%.

The gist of the present invention is the following fuel oil additive (16) to (23).
(16) A fuel oil additive for suppressing oil sludge, comprising titanium dioxide particles having a photocatalytic function as an active ingredient and directly added to fuel oil.
(17) The fuel oil additive according to (16), wherein the titanium dioxide particles are added to the fuel oil in an amount of 0.00001% by weight or more and less than 0.01% by weight.
(18) The fuel oil additive according to (16) or (17), wherein the titanium dioxide particles are anatase-type titanium dioxide particles that are not subjected to a coating treatment.
(19) The fuel oil additive according to any one of (16) to (18), wherein the titanium dioxide particles are nanoparticles having an average particle diameter of 1 nm to 300 nm.
(20) The fuel oil additive according to any one of the above (16) to (19), which is a composition containing another liquid fuel oil additive.
(21) The fuel oil additive as described in any one of (16) to (20) above, which further improves fuel consumption.
(22) The fuel oil additive according to any one of the above (16) to (21), which further reduces the discharge amount of acidic gas.
(23) The fuel oil additive according to any one of the above (16) to (22), which further promotes combustion of fuel oil, cleans the combustion chamber, or disperses oil sludge.

The gist of the present invention is the following fuel oil (24).
(24) A fuel oil to which the fuel oil additive according to any one of (16) to (23) is added.

The gist of the present invention is the following oil sludge suppression method (25) to (27).
(25) An oil sludge suppression method for suppressing oil sludge by adding the fuel oil additive according to any one of (16) to (23) above to fuel oil.
(26) The oil sludge suppression method according to the above (25), which is a method for further improving fuel consumption.
(27) The oil sludge suppression method according to the above (23) or (26), which is a method for further reducing the discharge amount of acidic gas.
(28) The oil sludge suppression method according to any one of (25) to (27), further for promoting combustion of fuel oil, for cleaning the combustion chamber, or for dispersing oil sludge.

  According to the present invention, a lubricating oil additive, a lubricating oil, a grease composition, a fuel oil additive, a fuel oil, and an oil sludge suppressing method capable of effectively suppressing oil sludge using the photocatalytic function of titanium dioxide particles. Can be provided. Further, according to the present invention, in addition to effectively suppressing oil sludge, it is possible to improve fuel efficiency and / or lubricating oil additive, lubricating oil, grease composition capable of suppressing mechanical vibration, A fuel oil additive, fuel oil, and oil sludge suppression method can be provided.

The lubricating oil additive according to this embodiment is added so that the titanium dioxide particles are 0.3% by weight (added lubricating oil A), and the titanium dioxide particles are added to 0.03% by weight. It is a figure which shows the change of the friction coefficient in the abrasion test using the lubricating oil (added lubricating oil B) and the additive-free lubricating oil which does not add the lubricating oil additive which concerns on this embodiment. It is a figure which shows the change of the friction coefficient until 10 minutes after a start among the results of the abrasion test shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows the change of the friction coefficient from 10 minutes before completion | finish among the results of the abrasion test shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows the change of the oil temperature in the abrasion test shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows the change of the oil temperature from 10 minutes before completion among the changes of the oil temperature shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows the wear loss weight in the abrasion test shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows the result of the running test using the addition lubricating oil which added the lubricating oil additive which concerns on this embodiment, and the additive-free lubricating oil which does not add the lubricating oil additive which concerns on this embodiment. The result (vibration result in the lateral direction of the vehicle body) of the vibration test using the additive lubricant added with the lubricant additive according to the present embodiment and the additive-free lubricant not added with the lubricant additive according to the present embodiment is shown. FIG. The result of the vibration test using the additive lubricant added with the lubricant additive according to the present embodiment and the additive-free lubricant not added with the lubricant additive according to the present embodiment (vibration result in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body) is shown. FIG. It is a figure which shows the test result of the high-speed four-ball abrasion resistance test using the grease composition which concerns on this embodiment. It is a figure which shows the result of the engine output test using the added fuel oil which added the fuel oil additive which concerns on this embodiment, and the non-added fuel oil which does not add the fuel oil additive which concerns on this embodiment.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described. The lubricating oil additive according to this embodiment is used by being added to lubricating oil for internal combustion engines, industrial equipment, precision equipment, mechanical equipment, and the like. In addition, the lubricating oil to which the lubricating oil additive according to the present embodiment is added can be used by mixing with a grease composition used for industrial equipment, precision equipment, mechanical equipment, and the like. For example, as an example of the use of the lubricating oil and grease composition according to the present embodiment, engine oil for ships and vehicles, hydraulic oil for shock absorbers and hydraulic equipment, lubricating oil and grease for rotating equipment, bearings or gears, etc. However, it is not limited to these.

(Lubricant additive)
The lubricating oil additive according to this embodiment includes titanium dioxide particles having a photocatalytic function. As such titanium dioxide particles, titanium dioxide particles having an anatase type crystal structure can be used. Anatase-type titanium dioxide can exert its photocatalytic function by the action of ultraviolet rays such as sunlight, so that a layer of anatase-type titanium dioxide is usually formed on the surface of an article irradiated with sunlight (ultraviolet rays). Etc., and used in an environment exposed to sunlight (ultraviolet rays). For this reason, lubricating oil used inside internal combustion engines, industrial equipment, precision equipment, or mechanical equipment is usually used in dark places where ultraviolet rays do not reach. In anticipation, lubricating oil additives including anatase-type titanium dioxide have not been added to such lubricating oils.

  The lubricant additive according to the present embodiment is an additive for mixing with a lubricant used in a dark place where sunlight (ultraviolet rays) does not reach. Even when the lubricant additive according to the present embodiment is added to the lubricant used inside the internal combustion engine, inside the industrial equipment, inside the precision equipment, or inside the mechanical equipment, It was found that oil sludge is suppressed by the lubricating oil. This is because plasma is generated by sliding of these machines, and the generated plasma exerts the photocatalytic function of the anatase-type titanium dioxide particles contained in the lubricant additive (151 of Toshio Sakurai “Physics of Lubrication”). -152, Koshobo Publishing), or it is known that the phenomenon of triboluminescence occurs due to friction of the machine, and it is considered that this photoluminescence function was exhibited by this triboluminescence. In addition, the photocatalytic function of the titanium dioxide particles suppresses the polymerization reaction and oxidation reaction of the lubricating oil, and the products produced by the polymerization reaction and oxidation reaction are decomposed, so that the oil sludge in the lubricating oil is obtained. It is thought that it was possible to suppress the increase in

  Furthermore, since the increase in oil sludge in the lubricating oil is suppressed, effects such as improvement in fuel consumption and suppression of mechanical vibrations can be achieved. That is, when the oil sludge increases in the lubricating oil, it is known that the oil sludge enters between the machine parts, thereby increasing the frictional force between the machine parts and deteriorating the fuel consumption. It is also known that the oil sludge increases the frictional force between the machine parts, so that the machine parts do not slide smoothly (the machine parts swing left and right) and mechanical vibrations occur. . In contrast, when the lubricating oil additive according to the present embodiment is added to the lubricating oil, the oil sludge is suppressed, so that friction between the machine parts due to the oil sludge is suppressed, improving fuel consumption and mechanical vibration. The effect such as suppression is also exhibited. Furthermore, it is known that an ester is generated by the decomposition of oil sludge, and it is known that this ester functions as a lubricant accelerator. Therefore, the friction force is generated by the generation of ester derived from oil sludge by the photocatalytic function. Reduction may be promoted.

  The titanium dioxide particles according to the present embodiment are nanoparticles having an average particle diameter of 1 nm to 300 nm, more preferably nanoparticles of 1 nm to 100 nm. In this way, when the titanium dioxide particles are made into nanoparticles, when the lubricating oil additive is added to the lubricating oil, in addition to the photocatalytic function, the titanium dioxide particles polish the uneven portions on the metal surface. When the particles enter the concavo-convex portion of the metal surface, the metal surface (machine surface) can be brought close to a mirror surface. Thereby, the oil film ratio (oil film thickness (μm) / average surface roughness (μm) = Λ (lambda value)) on the metal surface is increased, and friction between machine parts can be suppressed.

  Moreover, the lubricating oil additive which concerns on this embodiment is a powder form, and the conveyance property and quality maintenance property of a lubricating oil additive are favorable. The user dispenses a small amount (for example, about 100 ml) of the target lubricating oil into a separate container immediately before use, adds the required amount of powdered lubricating oil additive to this, and agitate for 2 to 3 minutes. By mixing in, functions such as oil sludge suppression can be exhibited.

  Furthermore, the titanium dioxide particles according to the present embodiment are not subjected to a coating treatment for dispersion or settling prevention. This is because the photocatalytic function of titanium dioxide can be sufficiently exhibited. However, since the titanium dioxide particles according to the present embodiment are nanoparticles, they are highly condensable and have a higher settling property because of their higher specific gravity than lubricating oil. Therefore, the lubricant additive according to the present embodiment can contain a dispersant for improving the dispersibility of the titanium dioxide particles and a sedimentation inhibitor for suppressing the sedimentation of the titanium dioxide particles.

  The dispersant added to the lubricating oil additive is effectively adsorbed on the surface of the titanium dioxide particles to effectively prevent aggregation between the titanium dioxide particles, thereby improving the dispersibility of the titanium dioxide particles in the lubricating oil. be able to. Such a dispersant is not particularly limited, and is a polymer-based dispersant such as polyester, polyurethane, polyamino, acrylic, styrene / acrylic, styrene / maleic acid copolymer, alkylsulfonic acid, Surfactant type dispersants such as quaternary ammonium, higher alcohol alkylene oxide, polyhydric alcohol ester, and alkyl polyamine can be used.

  Moreover, the settling inhibitor added to the lubricating oil additive suppresses the settling of the titanium dioxide particles by floating or suspending the titanium dioxide particles packed in the dispersant in the lubricating oil. Can do. Such a precipitation inhibitor is not particularly limited, and amide, ethanol, isopropanol, butyl acetate, alkylcyclohexane, polyethylene oxide, and the like can be used.

  Next, a method for using the lubricating oil additive according to the present embodiment will be described. In this embodiment, the lubricating oil additive is added to the lubricating oil so that the titanium dioxide particles in the lubricating oil are 0.005 wt% or more and less than 0.3 wt% (weight ratio is 50 ppm or more and less than 3000 ppm). Is done. This is because when the titanium dioxide particles in the lubricating oil are less than 0.005% by weight (50 ppm), the photocatalytic effect of titanium dioxide is not exhibited effectively, while when the titanium dioxide particles are 0.3% by weight (3000 ppm) or more. This is because the wear effect due to the titanium dioxide particles becomes too great, and there is a risk that the machine will be deteriorated. In particular, the concentration of titanium dioxide particles in the lubricating oil is preferably 0.01 to 0.1% by weight (100 to 1000 ppm by weight), more preferably 0.03 to 0.04% by weight. % (300 to 400 ppm by weight) is desirable. For example, if the concentration of titanium dioxide particles in the lubricating oil additive is 3% by weight, the user can add 0.255 g of lubricating oil additive to 1000 ml (850 g) of lubricating oil having a density of 0.85, The concentration of titanium dioxide particles in the lubricating oil can be 0.03% by weight (300 ppm).

(Additive composition)
Another embodiment of the lubricating oil additive of the present invention is a liquid composition comprising the lubricating oil additive and oil described above. Thus, by making the lubricating oil additive into a liquid additive composition, when this additive composition is added to the lubricating oil, compared with the powdered lubricating oil additive, anatase type titanium dioxide The particles can be effectively diffused by the lubricating oil. Although the oil used for an additive composition is not specifically limited, The base oil used for the lubricating oil (for example, engine oil) to add can be used. Moreover, a part of lubricating oil before adding an additive composition can also be made into the oil used for an additive composition. In addition, as oil used for an additive composition, it is preferable to use mineral oil or synthetic oil whose kinematic viscosity in 40 degreeC is 5-100 mm < ² > / s. As such mineral oil, for example, a lubricating oil fraction from paraffinic crude oil, naphthenic crude oil, aromatic crude oil, or the like can be used. As synthetic oils, polyolefin synthetic oils such as polyalphaolefins, ester synthetic oils such as diesters, and alkyl naphthalene can be used. In the present embodiment, G3 oil is used as the base oil of the lubricating oil additive in the SAE base oil classification.

  The additive composition according to this embodiment includes 0.1 to 5% by weight of anatase-type titanium dioxide particles. When the additive composition according to the present embodiment is also added to the lubricating oil, the concentration of the titanium dioxide particles in the lubricating oil is 0.005% by weight or more, similarly to the powdery lubricating oil additive described above. More preferably, the concentration of the titanium dioxide particles in the lubricating oil is 0.01 to 0.1 wt% (100 to 1000 ppm by weight) so that it is less than 0.3 wt% (50 ppm or more and less than 3000 ppm by weight). More preferably, the additive composition is added to the lubricating oil so that the concentration of the titanium dioxide particles is 0.03 to 0.04% by weight (300 to 400 ppm by weight). Can do.

  For example, by adding 1 g of titanium dioxide particles to a container containing 100 ml (85 g) of oil having a density of 0.85, an additive composition having a titanium dioxide particle concentration of about 1.18% by weight is formed. be able to. In this case, the user adds the additive composition (including 1 g of titanium dioxide particles) for one container to 3500 ml (2975 g) of the lubricating oil having a density of 0.85, thereby anatase in the lubricating oil. The concentration of the titanium dioxide particles in the mold can be about 0.03% by weight (about 300 ppm).

  The additive composition according to this embodiment can contain 1 to 5% by volume of the above-described dispersant. Since the titanium dioxide particles according to the present embodiment are nanoparticles of 1 to 300 nm, aggregation is likely to occur when an additive composition containing oil is used. Therefore, by adding a dispersant to the additive composition, it is possible to effectively suppress aggregation of titanium dioxide particles in the additive composition containing oil and further in the lubricating oil to which the additive composition is added. And the titanium dioxide particles can diffuse throughout the lubricating oil. As a result, the photocatalytic function of the titanium dioxide particles can be sufficiently exhibited in the lubricating oil.

  Moreover, the additive composition which concerns on this embodiment can contain 1-5 volume% of the precipitation inhibitor mentioned above. Usually, titanium dioxide particles have a relatively high specific gravity and are likely to settle. In this embodiment, by adding a sedimentation inhibitor to the lubricating oil additive, the titanium dioxide particles settle in the additive composition containing the oil, and further in the lubricating oil to which the additive composition is added. Can be prevented. As a result, when the user adds the additive composition to the lubricating oil, the titanium dioxide particles in the additive composition can be added to the lubricating oil at a relatively uniform concentration. The titanium particles can be dispersed relatively evenly, and the photocatalytic function of the titanium dioxide particles can be exhibited more effectively.

(Lubricant)
The lubricating oil according to the present embodiment is a lubricating oil in which the above-described lubricating oil additive (including the above-described additive composition) is mixed. The lubricating oil before mixing the lubricating oil additive is not particularly limited, and for example, a lubricating oil that is generally sold and used can be used. In the present embodiment, the concentration of titanium dioxide particles in the lubricating oil is more preferably 0.005 wt% or more and less than 0.3 wt% (weight ratio is 50 ppm or more and less than 3000 ppm). More preferably, the concentration of the titanium dioxide particles in the lubricating oil is 0.03 to 0.04 so that the concentration of the titanium dioxide particles is 0.01 to 0.1% by weight (100 to 1000 ppm by weight). Lubricating oil additive is mixed with lubricating oil so that it may become weight% (300-400 ppm by weight ratio). The lubricating oil mixed with the lubricating oil additive as described above can be used by filling an internal combustion engine, industrial equipment, precision equipment, mechanical equipment, and the like.

(Grease composition)
The grease composition according to this embodiment is a grease composition in which the above-described lubricating oil is mixed. Components other than lubricating oil in the grease composition are not particularly limited, and commonly used components can be used. Since the grease composition according to the present embodiment includes a lubricating oil containing anatase-type titanium dioxide particles, when applied to industrial equipment, precision equipment, mechanical equipment, etc., it is caused by plasma or frictional luminescence generated in these equipment. In addition to being able to reduce the coefficient of friction by generating an ester by the photocatalytic function, oxidation of the lubricating oil in the grease composition can be suppressed. Thereby, in addition to the oil sludge suppression function described above, the grease composition can maintain the performance of retaining the lubricating oil for a longer period of time, and thus the life of the grease composition can be extended.

  Next, examples using the lubricating oil additive, the lubricating oil, and the grease composition according to the present embodiment will be described. In the following, “lubricating oil additive, lubricating oil, and grease composition” are, as described above, composed of only anatase type with an average particle diameter of 1 nm to 300 nm, unless otherwise specified. The titanium dioxide particle | grains which are not given are included.

(Abrasion test)
Lubricating oil (hereinafter also referred to as “added lubricating oil A”) in which the lubricating oil additive according to the present embodiment is added so that the titanium dioxide particles are 0.3 wt% (3000 ppm by weight), and the titanium dioxide particles. Is 0.03% by weight (300 ppm by weight) (hereinafter also referred to as “added lubricating oil B”), and a lubricating oil to which the lubricating oil additive according to this embodiment is not added (hereinafter, referred to as “added lubricating oil B”). An example in which the friction coefficient μ is measured using the additive-free lubricating oil) will be described. Specifically, a 60-minute wear test was performed under the conditions shown in Table 1 below using a Pin-VeeBlock high-speed FALEX tester, and the friction coefficient μ was measured. In addition, the engine oil whose SAE viscosity grade is 0W-20 was used for lubricating oil. In this example, the titanium dioxide particles are generated so that the average particle size is 30 nm. However, due to the method of generating the titanium dioxide particles, the particle size of the titanium dioxide particles varies with a peak of about 30 nm. (The same applies to the following examples). The added lubricating oil B added with titanium dioxide particles at 0.03% by weight becomes a lubricating oil obtained by mixing the lubricating oil additive according to the present embodiment by the above-described method of use.

(Coefficient of friction)
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a change in the friction coefficient μ in the wear test using the additive lubricants A and B and the additive lubricant, and FIG. 2 is a graph showing the result of the wear test shown in FIG. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a change in the friction coefficient μ from 10 minutes before the end of the result of the wear test shown in FIG. 1.

  First, the friction coefficient μ for each lubricating oil up to 10 minutes from the start will be described. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, when the additive lubricant A and the additive lubricant A containing 0.3% by weight of titanium dioxide particles were compared, the additive lubricant A was used when the additive lubricant A was used. Compared to the case, the friction coefficient μ for 10 minutes from the start was small. Similarly, when additive-free lubricant and additive lubricant B containing 0.03% by weight of titanium dioxide particles are compared, when additive lubricant B is used, start is greater than when additive-free lubricant is used. The coefficient of friction μ up to min. Further, when compared with the additive lubricant A containing 0.3% by weight of titanium dioxide particles and the additive lubricant B containing 0.03% by weight of titanium dioxide particles, the additive lubricant B is used when the additive lubricant A is used. Compared with the case of using, the friction coefficient μ for 10 minutes from the start became small. This is because immediately after the titanium dioxide particles are added to the lubricating oil, the wear of the metal surface is promoted by the titanium dioxide particles and the surface roughness of the friction surface is improved. As a result, the oil film on the metal surface is formed thicker and the friction is increased. This is probably because the coefficient μ has decreased.

  Next, the friction coefficient μ of each lubricating oil from 10 minutes before the end (from the start 50 minutes to 60 minutes) will be described. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, when additive lubricant A and additive lubricant A containing 0.3% by weight of titanium dioxide particles were compared, additive lubricant A was used when additive lubricant A was used. Compared to the case, the friction coefficient μ until the end of 10 minutes was increased. On the other hand, when the additive-free lubricant and the additive-lubricant B containing 0.03% by weight of titanium dioxide particles are compared, the case where the additive-lubricant B is used is 10 minutes compared to the case where the additive-free lubricant is used. The coefficient of friction μ from the front has decreased. This is because the additive lubricating oil B having a titanium dioxide particle concentration of 0.03% by weight exhibits the photocatalytic function of anatase-type titanium dioxide particles after a certain period of time has elapsed since the addition of titanium dioxide particles to the lubricating oil. In addition, the suppression of oil sludge suppresses an increase in frictional force due to the oil sludge, and as a result, the friction coefficient μ is considered to be lower than that of the additive-free lubricating oil. The fact that the photocatalytic function of the titanium dioxide particles was exerted in the additive lubricating oil B in this way can also be confirmed from Examples 2 and 3 described later. In addition, the additive lubricating oil A containing 0.3% by weight of titanium dioxide particles contains excessive titanium dioxide particles in the lubricating oil. Therefore, when a certain period of time elapses after the titanium dioxide particles are added to the lubricating oil, It is considered that most of the titanium particles entered the friction surface and increased the frictional force, resulting in a higher friction coefficient μ than that of the additive-free lubricating oil.

(Oil temperature)
Next, with reference to FIG. 4 and FIG. 5, the change of the oil temperature in the wear test of the additive lubricants A and B and the additive lubricant is described. 4 is a diagram showing changes in the oil temperature in the wear test of the additive lubricants A and B and the additive lubricant, and FIG. 5 is an oil from 10 minutes before the end of the change in the oil temperature shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows the change of temperature.

  As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the oil temperatures of the additive lubricating oils A and B and the additive-free lubricating oil are increased with the start of the wear test. Then, the oil temperature does not increase from about 20 to 30 minutes after the start of the test. With additive lubricant A containing 0.3% by weight of additive-free lubricant and titanium dioxide particles, the oil temperature remains almost constant after 40 minutes from the start of the test, but additive lubricant containing 0.03% by weight of titanium dioxide particles. In oil B, the oil temperature decreased about 40 minutes after the start of the test, and as shown in FIG. 5, after about 60 minutes after the start of the test, the oil temperature was about 20 ° C. lower than that of the additive-free lubricating oil.

  In this way, the additive lubricating oil B containing 0.03% by weight of titanium dioxide particles can suppress an increase in the oil temperature, particularly after a certain period of time has elapsed since the start of the test, as compared with the additive-free lubricating oil. Thereby, in the lubricating oil to which the lubricating oil additive according to the present embodiment is added, the oxidation reaction or polymerization reaction of the lubricating oil due to an increase in oil temperature can be suppressed, and the generation of oil sludge by the oxidation reaction or polymerization reaction can be suppressed. Therefore, the life of the lubricating oil can be extended. Further, it is known that when the oil temperature increases, the viscosity of the lubricating oil decreases, and as a result, the thickness of the oil film decreases and the frictional force tends to increase. In the lubricating oil to which the lubricating oil additive according to the present embodiment is added, an increase in oil temperature can be suppressed, and therefore an increase in frictional force due to such a thin oil film can also be suppressed. This can be confirmed from the change in the friction coefficient μ shown in FIGS.

(Wear loss weight)
Next, with reference to FIG. 6, the relationship between the additive lubricating oils A and B and the additive lubricating oil and the metal wear loss weight will be described. 6A is a table showing the wear loss weight in the wear test shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 6B is a graph showing the wear loss weight shown in FIG. In the wear test of this example, a cylindrical metal (SUJ-2) called Pin is sandwiched between metals (SCM421) called VeeBlock, and the Pin is rotated in this state, and each wear loss weight of Pin and Vee Block (Mg) was detected. In this example, when no additive lubricating oil was used, 0.7 mg of Pin and 0.2 mg of VeeBlock were lost. Further, when the additive lubricant A containing 0.3% by weight of titanium dioxide particles was used, 0.4 mg of Pin and 0.1 mg of Vee Block were lost, and additive lubricant B containing 0.03% by weight of titanium dioxide particles. When 0.42 was used, 0.4 mg of Pin and 0.4 mg of VeeBlock were lost.

  Here, in the abrasion test of this example, as described in Table 1 above, the hardness (HRC) of the used Pin is 60, the hardness (HRC) of VeeBlock is 45, and the Pin is Vee. Hardness is higher than Block. Referring to FIG. 6, it can be seen that in the additive lubricant A containing 0.3% by weight of additive-free lubricant and titanium dioxide particles, Pin is worn about four times as compared to VeeBlock. On the other hand, it can be seen that in the added lubricating oil B containing 0.03% by weight of titanium dioxide particles, Pin and Vee Block are worn to the same extent. Furthermore, it can be seen that with the additive lubricating oil B containing 0.03% by weight of titanium dioxide particles, the amount of wear of Pin decreased from 0.7 to 0.4 as compared with the additive-free lubricating oil. From these facts, it is considered that the additive lubricating oil B containing 0.03% by weight of titanium dioxide particles has an effect of suppressing wear of the metal having higher hardness in wear between metals. Such an effect is considered to lead to the following effects, for example.

  For example, in an engine valve, a substantially elliptical cam nose rotates to push out a shim, thereby opening a valve connected to the shim and introducing a gas mixture into the combustion chamber. Thus, in the engine valve, since the cam nose is a mechanism that rotates while contacting the shim, wear occurs between the cam nose and the shim. If the cam nose is worn, the shim cannot be pushed out sufficiently and the engine valve cannot be opened sufficiently. In the lubricating oil added with the lubricating oil additive according to the present embodiment, it is possible to suppress the wear of the metal having a higher hardness in the wear between metals, and therefore, the wear of the cam nose having a higher hardness can be suppressed. This can extend the life of the cam nose.

(Infrared spectroscopy)
In order to support that the photocatalytic function of the titanium dioxide particles is exhibited in the lubricating oil when the lubricating oil additive according to the present embodiment is added to the lubricating oil, the present inventor added the lubricating oil according to the present embodiment. Infrared spectroscopic analysis (hereinafter also referred to as FT-IR analysis) of the lubricating oil to which the agent was added was performed. In this example, the additive-free lubricant before adding the lubricant additive according to this embodiment and the lubricant additive according to this embodiment were added so that the titanium dioxide particles would be 0.03% by weight. FT-IR analysis was performed on the additive lubricating oil B after traveling 500 km by a liquid film method with a film thickness of 0.1 using a Cell of KBr. In addition, since it is known that an ester is generated when oil sludge is decomposed, the present inventor has added lubricating oil B containing 0.03% by weight of anatase type titanium dioxide particles and anatase type dioxide dioxide. FT-IR analysis was performed using an additive-free lubricating oil not containing titanium particles, and the absorbance (transmittance) at a wavelength of 1730 cm ⁻¹ absorbed by the ester (C═O) was detected. Table 2 below shows the results of FT-IR analysis (detected absorbance at a wavelength of 1730 cm ⁻¹ ).

As shown in Table 2 above, the additive lubricant B containing 0.03% by weight of anatase-type titanium dioxide particles had higher absorbance at a wavelength of 1730 cm ⁻¹ than the additive-free lubricant. This is because the additive lubricant B containing 0.03% by weight of anatase-type titanium dioxide particles promotes the decomposition of oil sludge by the photocatalytic function of the anatase-type titanium dioxide particles, compared to the additive-free lubricant, and the ester ( This is probably because C = 0) was generated. As described above, in this example, the additive lubricant B after the wear test shown in Example 1 was performed, that is, the additive lubricant B and the additive-free lubricant after the wear test was performed for 60 minutes. FT-IR analysis was performed, but when the wear test was performed for a time longer than 60 minutes, oil sludge was generated correspondingly and decomposed by the photocatalyst, so that the ester (C = O) is considered to be detected more.

  Furthermore, the present inventor has discovered from the following investigation that the photocatalytic function of the titanium dioxide particles is exerted in the lubricating oil to which the lubricating oil additive according to the present embodiment is added. That is, it was discovered that when a racing motorcycle was run with engine oil to which the lubricant additive according to the present embodiment was not added, gasoline was mixed in the engine oil after the race. As a result of the investigation, it was found that the gasoline ring leaked from the gap between the cylinder and the piston because the piston ring that prevented the gasoline mixture was fixed by oil sludge. Therefore, the inventors added the lubricating oil additive according to the present embodiment to the engine oil and caused the racing motorcycle to run in the same manner. As a result, oil sludge was suppressed, and as a result, gasoline was mixed into the engine oil. I found that it can prevent. Such suppression of oil sludge cannot be explained only by the reduction of the friction coefficient μ due to the titanium dioxide particles, but supports that the photocatalytic function is exhibited by the anatase-type titanium dioxide particles.

(Running test)
Next, referring to FIG. 7, an engine oil to which the lubricating oil additive according to the present embodiment is added (hereinafter also referred to as an added engine oil) and an engine oil to which the lubricating oil additive according to the present embodiment is not added ( Hereinafter, a running test using the additive-free engine oil will be described. FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the results of a running test using additive engine oil and additive-free engine oil.

  In this example, an additive engine oil in which the lubricant additive according to the present embodiment is added so that the titanium dioxide particles are 0.03% by weight (300 ppm by weight), and the lubricant addition according to the present embodiment is added. The same vehicle is filled with additive-free engine oil with no additive added, and each engine oil travels twice in the same section (the same approximately 100km section of the highway), and the average fuel consumption of the added engine oil (Average of fuel consumption for two driving times for each running time with additive engine oil) and average fuel consumption for additive-free engine oil (average of fuel consumption for two driving times for each driving time with additive-free engine oil) And calculated.

  FIG. 7A shows the average fuel consumption with additive engine oil and the average fuel consumption with no additive engine oil. As shown in FIG. 7A, it can be seen that the added engine oil has better fuel efficiency than the non-added engine oil. This is presumably because, in the additive engine oil, the oil sludge is suppressed by the anatase-type titanium dioxide particles, and the increase in the frictional force due to the oil sludge is suppressed, thereby improving the fuel efficiency. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 7B, it was confirmed that the fuel consumption was improved by about 5 to 10% during the traveling of the vehicle.

(Vibration test)
Next, with reference to FIG. 8 and FIG. 9, a vibration test using the added engine oil and the non-added engine oil will be described. FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the detection result of the vibration in the vehicle body lateral direction in the vibration test using the additive engine oil and the additive-free engine oil, and FIG. It is a figure which shows the detection result of the vibration of a vehicle body front-back direction.

  In this example, an additive engine oil in which the lubricant additive according to the present embodiment is added so that the titanium dioxide particles are 0.03% by weight (300 ppm by weight), and the lubricant addition according to the present embodiment is added. The same vehicle was filled with an additive-free engine oil to which no additive was added. A vibration meter is installed on the engine cover, and the engine is operated while the vehicle is stopped, so that the lateral vibration (lateral acceleration) and the longitudinal vibration (longitudinal acceleration) of the vehicle body with the respective engine oil are detected. It was measured.

  FIG. 8A shows the detection result of the lateral vibration (lateral acceleration) in the additive engine oil, and FIG. 8B shows the lateral vibration (lateral acceleration) in the additive engine oil. The detection result is shown. As shown in FIGS. 8A and 8B, the vibration of the vehicle body in the lateral direction (lateral acceleration) was greatly suppressed in the additive engine oil compared to the additive-free engine oil. The lateral vibration (lateral acceleration) of the vehicle body is considered to be vibration caused by the head vibration of the engine piston. By adding the lubricant additive according to this embodiment to the engine oil, the frictional force between the piston ring and the cylinder It is thought that reduction and stick-slip phenomenon were suppressed, and mechanical vibration could be suppressed.

  FIG. 9 (A) shows the detection result of longitudinal vibration (longitudinal acceleration) in the non-added engine oil, and FIG. 9 (B) shows longitudinal vibration (vertical acceleration) in the added engine oil. (Acceleration) detection results are shown. As shown in FIGS. 9A and 9B, in the vibration in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body (longitudinal acceleration), the period of vibration in the case of additive-free engine oil is T1, whereas in the case of additive engine oil. The period of vibration was T2, which was longer than T1. In this case, it is considered that by adding the lubricating oil additive according to the present embodiment to the engine oil, vibration (change in amplitude) is moderated and mechanical vibration is suppressed. In FIG. 9B, the period of T1 is indicated by a broken line in order to make it easier to compare T1 and T2.

(Comparative running test between anatase type and rutile type)
Next, (1) engine oil only (no addition of titanium dioxide particles), (2) engine oil (100% anatase type) with the addition of a lubricating oil additive consisting of titanium dioxide particles only of anatase type, (3) Engine oil (90% anatase type) with lubricating oil additive mixed with titanium dioxide particles 90% anatase type and 10% rutile type, (4) Titanium dioxide particles 80% anatase type, rutile Engine oil (20% anatase type) mixed with lubricant additive mixed at 20%, (5) Lubricant additive mixed with titanium dioxide particles, 70% anatase type and 30% rutile type Added engine oil (anatase type 70%) was prepared, and a running test was performed using each engine oil. As a measurement condition, the vehicle type Mitsubishi Colt (model DBA-Z21A) is used to drive 23.4 km on the highway at a fixed speed of 80 km / h, and Tectom's fuel consumption manager (FCM-NX1) is used as the vehicle's OBD (On-board diagnostics). Installed and measured. Table 3 below shows the results of each running test. In the test described above, titanium dioxide particles are added to the engine oil so as to be 0.03%.

  As shown in Table 3 above, (1) Lubricating oil containing titanium dioxide particles according to the present embodiment of (2) to (5) as compared with a comparative example in which a running test was performed with only engine oil (no addition). It has been found that when the additive is added, the average fuel consumption increases. In addition, even when a lubricating oil additive containing titanium dioxide particles according to the present embodiment is added, when (2) the titanium dioxide particles are composed only of anatase type, the rutile type of (3) to (5) It has been found that the average fuel consumption is higher than in the case of mixing. Furthermore, it turned out that an average fuel consumption becomes high, so that the ratio of anatase type is high among titanium dioxide particles. In particular, it was found that when the anatase type of 80% or more of the titanium dioxide particles is included, the fuel efficiency can be improved by 1% or more compared to the case of engine oil alone (no addition of titanium dioxide particles).

  As described above, the higher the anatase-type ratio of titanium dioxide particles, the higher the average fuel consumption. The anatase-type titanium dioxide particles exhibit a photocatalytic function, so the oil sludge is decomposed and the oil sludge is decomposed. It is considered that the friction coefficient can be lowered by the formation of the ester. Further, by adding anatase type titanium dioxide particles to the engine oil, the oil sludge is decomposed, and as a result, the sealing performance for sealing the gap between the piston and the piston ring and the cylinder is improved. Thereby, it is possible to improve the compression ratio of the combustion chamber, which can more effectively prevent the escape of the combustion gas. Therefore, in the running test, when the ratio of the anatase type is high, the accelerator becomes lighter and the acceleration is improved. As the ratio of the anatase type decreases and the ratio of the rutile type increases, the accelerator becomes heavier and the acceleration becomes worse.

  Further, the inventors have (1) engine oil only (no addition of titanium dioxide particles), and (2) engine oil (anatase type) with addition of lubricating oil composed of only rutile type titanium dioxide particles. 0%), (3) Prepare engine oil (anatase type 50%) with titanium dioxide particles mixed with 50% anatase type and 50% rutile type and added lubricating oil. A running test was conducted. Table 4 below shows the results of each running test. The measurement conditions were as follows: the vehicle type Toyota Vitz (model DBA-NSP130) was used to drive 25.1 km on a general road (mountain road) at a fixed speed of 50 km / h, and Tectom's fuel consumption manager (FCM-NX1) was run on the vehicle's OBD (On-board). diagnostics) and measured.

  As shown in Table 4 above, (1) compared to the case where a running test was performed with only engine oil (no addition), (2) engine oil with addition of lubricating oil composed of rutile type titanium dioxide particles. The average fuel consumption deteriorated when the vehicle was run using an anatase type (0%). Also, in this running test, when running on a road (mountain road) with up and down, (2) when using engine oil to which titanium dioxide particles are composed only of rutile type and added with lubricating oil, On the uphill, the accelerator was heavy and the speed did not come out. On the other hand, when (3) engine oil to which titanium dioxide particles are added with lubricating oil added by mixing anatase type at 50% and rutile type at 50% is used, (2) titanium dioxide particles are only in rutile type. It has been found that the average fuel consumption is higher than when the engine oil to which the lubricating oil addition is added is used.

(Abrasion resistance test of grease composition)
Further, (1) a conventional commercially available grease composition (HD-2), (2) a grease composition (HD-2 + 0.03% TiO ₂ ) added with 0.03% of titanium dioxide particles according to the present embodiment, ( 3) A high-speed four-ball wear resistance test was performed using a grease composition (HD-2 + 0.3% TiO ₂ ) added with 0.3% of titanium dioxide particles according to the present embodiment. The test conditions are in accordance with test method ASTM-D 2596, using a test method-compliant (SUJ-2 bearing steel) material, rotation speed 1200 rpm, load 392 N, temperature 75 ° C., and test time 60 minutes. Went. In the wear resistance test, trade name HD-2 was used as the grease. FIG. 10 shows the test results of this example.

  As shown in FIG. 10, it was found that the grease composition to which the titanium dioxide particles according to the present embodiment were added reduced the friction coefficient as compared with the conventional grease composition. In particular, it has been found that the coefficient of friction can be further reduced when the concentration of titanium dioxide particles in the grease composition is 0.03% compared to when the concentration is 0.3%. In this way, the friction coefficient can be reduced with the grease composition, so that frictional heat can also be suppressed. As a result, temperature rise in actual machines (for example, wheel bearings of automobiles) and oil sludge are suppressed. can do.

  As described above, the lubricating oil additive according to the present embodiment is used for lubricating oil used inside an internal combustion engine, industrial equipment, precision equipment, or mechanical equipment that does not receive sunlight (ultraviolet rays). It is an additive to be added and contains titanium dioxide particles having a photocatalytic function as an active ingredient. Then, by adding the lubricating oil additive according to this embodiment to the lubricating oil, the inside of the internal combustion engine, the inside of the industrial equipment, the inside of the precision equipment, or the inside of the mechanical equipment where sunlight (ultraviolet rays) does not reach. Even so, oil sludge can be suppressed by the photocatalytic function of the titanium dioxide particles. Further, by suppressing the oil sludge, an increase in the friction coefficient μ due to the oil sludge can be suppressed, and effects such as improvement of fuel consumption and suppression of mechanical vibration can be exhibited.

  Moreover, since the titanium dioxide particles according to the present embodiment are not subjected to a coating treatment for dispersion or settling prevention, the photocatalytic function of the titanium dioxide particles can be sufficiently exhibited. Furthermore, since the titanium dioxide particles according to the present embodiment are nanoparticles having an average particle diameter of 1 nm to 300 nm, more preferably 1 nm to 100 nm, when a lubricating oil additive is added to the lubricating oil, In addition to the photocatalytic function, the metal surface can be brought close to a mirror surface by polishing the uneven portion on the metal surface and entering the uneven portion on the metal surface.

  Furthermore, in this embodiment, the concentration of titanium dioxide particles in the lubricating oil is 0.005 wt% or more and less than 0.3 wt% (weight ratio is 50 ppm or more and less than 3000 ppm), more preferably, the dioxide dioxide in the lubricating oil. The concentration of titanium particles is 0.01 to 0.1% by weight (100 to 1000 ppm by weight), more preferably the concentration of titanium dioxide particles in the lubricating oil is 0.03 to 0.04% by weight (by weight). The lubricating oil additive is mixed with the lubricating oil so as to be 300 to 400 ppm. Thereby, while the titanium dioxide particle can exhibit a photocatalytic function effectively, the bad influence by excess titanium dioxide particle can also be suppressed.

  Then, the fuel oil additive which concerns on this embodiment is demonstrated. The fuel oil additive according to the present embodiment can be used by being added to fuel oil such as gasoline. Moreover, the fuel oil additive which concerns on this embodiment can also be applied to fuel oils, such as kerosene, light oil, and heavy oil other than gasoline. And the fuel oil which added the fuel oil additive which concerns on this embodiment can be used for a vehicle, a ship, an airplane, a heating appliance, a thermal power plant etc., for example.

(Fuel oil additive)
The fuel oil additive according to this embodiment includes titanium dioxide particles having a photocatalytic function. As such titanium dioxide particles, titanium dioxide particles having an anatase type crystal structure can be used. As described above, it is known that anatase-type titanium dioxide particles exhibit a photocatalytic function by ultraviolet rays. However, in an internal combustion engine in which gasoline (fuel oil) circulates, sunlight (ultraviolet rays) cannot reach. Therefore, the photocatalytic function by ultraviolet rays is not exhibited. However, the present inventors have found that fuel efficiency is improved when the fuel oil additive according to the present embodiment is added to gasoline (fuel oil) combusted in an internal combustion engine. Further, when the fuel oil additive according to the present embodiment is added to the fuel oil, the inventor increases the combustion efficiency of gasoline (fuel oil), and the acidic gas in the exhaust gas, for example, carbon monoxide (CO ), Methane gas (CH ₄ ), nitrogen oxides (NO _X ) and the like were found to be reduced. This is because the anatase-type titanium dioxide particles contained in the fuel oil additive function as a photocatalyst by the flame (light) generated by the combustion (explosion) in the combustion chamber, suppressing oil sludge of gasoline (fuel oil), It is considered that fuel efficiency has been improved by disassembling. In particular, titanium dioxide functions as a photocatalyst in the combustion chamber, thereby suppressing the polymerization reaction of fuel oil and oil sludge, and ions generated in the photocatalyst decompose oil sludge. In addition, the function of titanium dioxide can reduce the molecular weight of the fuel oil and promote the combustion of the fuel oil. Thereby, it is considered that the complete combustion of the fuel oil can be promoted, the discharge of the acid gas caused by the incomplete combustion can be suppressed, and the fuel consumption can be improved.

  The titanium dioxide particles according to the present embodiment are nanoparticles having an average particle diameter of 1 nm to 300 nm, more preferably nanoparticles of 1 nm to 100 nm. By making the titanium dioxide particles into nanoparticles in this way, when the fuel oil additive is added to the fuel oil, in addition to the photocatalytic function, the titanium dioxide particles polish the irregularities on the metal surface, and the titanium dioxide When the particles enter the concavo-convex portion of the metal surface, the metal surface (machine surface) can be brought close to a mirror surface. Thereby, the oil film ratio (oil film thickness (μm) / average surface roughness (μm) = Λ (lambda value)) on the metal surface is increased, and friction between machine parts can also be suppressed.

  The fuel oil additive which concerns on this embodiment is a powder form, and the conveyance property and quality maintenance property are favorable. Immediately before use, for example, the user can add a powdery fuel oil additive according to the present embodiment to a liquid fuel oil additive different from the fuel oil additive according to the present embodiment, such as a so-called draining agent or a cleaning agent. A necessary amount of the fuel oil additive is added, stirred for 2 to 3 minutes, and then mixed into the target gasoline, whereby functions such as suppression of oil sludge can be exhibited in the internal combustion engine.

  The titanium dioxide particles according to the present embodiment are not subjected to a coating treatment for dispersion or settling prevention. This is because the photocatalytic function of titanium dioxide can be sufficiently exhibited. Here, since the fuel oil additive according to the present embodiment is added to the internal combustion engine, it is stirred and dispersed to some extent by the operation of the piston and the engine shaft. However, the titanium dioxide particles according to the present embodiment are high in condensability because they are nanoparticles, as in the case of the lubricating oil additive described above, and have high sedimentation properties because of their higher specific gravity than fuel oil. Therefore, the fuel oil additive according to the present embodiment can include a dispersant for improving the dispersibility of the titanium dioxide particles and a sedimentation inhibitor for suppressing sedimentation of the titanium dioxide particles.

  Similar to the lubricating oil additive described above, the dispersant added to the fuel oil additive is effectively adsorbed on the surface of the titanium dioxide particles, thereby effectively preventing aggregation between the titanium dioxide particles. The dispersibility of the titanium dioxide particles can be improved. Such a dispersant is not particularly limited, and is a polymer-based dispersant such as polyester, polyurethane, polyamino, acrylic, styrene / acrylic, styrene / maleic acid copolymer, alkylsulfonic acid, Surfactant type dispersants such as quaternary ammonium, higher alcohol alkylene oxide, polyhydric alcohol ester, and alkyl polyamine can be used.

  Moreover, the settling inhibitor added to the fuel oil additive is the same as the lubricating oil additive described above, by allowing the titanium dioxide particles packed in the dispersant to float or be suspended in the fuel oil. Moreover, sedimentation of titanium dioxide particles can be suppressed. Such a precipitation inhibitor is not particularly limited, and amide, ethanol, isopropanol, butyl acetate, alkylcyclohexane, polyethylene oxide, and the like can be used.

  Furthermore, in the fuel oil additive according to the present embodiment, the titanium dioxide particles are not coated, but in order to promote the sedimentation suppressing effect and the dispersion effect, the titanium dioxide particles are coated with organic titanium or the like. You can also.

  Next, the usage method of the fuel oil additive which concerns on this embodiment is demonstrated. In the present embodiment, the fuel oil additive is added to the fuel oil so that the titanium dioxide particles in the fuel oil are 0.00001 wt% or more and less than 0.01 wt% (weight ratio is 0.1 ppm or more and less than 100 ppm). Added. This is because when the titanium dioxide particles in the fuel oil are less than 0.00001 wt% (0.1 ppm), the photocatalytic effect of titanium dioxide is not exhibited effectively, while the titanium dioxide particles are 0.01 wt% (100 ppm). In the above, the amount of precipitated titanium dioxide particles is increased, so that the effect on the amount of titanium dioxide particles is reduced, and the cost is increased. In addition, it is suitable that the density | concentration of the titanium dioxide particle in fuel oil is 0.00001 to 0.01 weight% (0.1-100 ppm by weight ratio), More preferably, it is 0.0001-0. It is desirable that it is 005 weight% (1-50 ppm by weight ratio). For example, if the concentration of titanium dioxide particles in the fuel oil additive is 3% by weight, the user can add 35 g of fuel oil additive to 45 L (33750 g) of fuel oil having a density of 0.75. The concentration of the titanium dioxide particles therein can be 0.0031% by weight (31 ppm).

(Additive composition)
Another embodiment of the fuel oil additive of the present invention is a liquid state different from the fuel oil additive containing titanium dioxide described above and the fuel oil additive according to the present embodiment such as a so-called drainage agent or cleaning agent. A composition comprising a fuel oil additive. By making the fuel oil additive according to the present embodiment into a liquid composition, when this additive composition is added to the fuel oil, compared to the case where it is added as a powdered fuel oil additive, Anatase type titanium dioxide particles can be effectively diffused by fuel oil. In addition, as a liquid fuel oil additive different from the fuel oil additive according to the present embodiment, a deposit improving agent and an anti-knock agent that can be added to the fuel oil in addition to a so-called draining agent and a cleaning agent. , Antioxidant, metal activator, rust inhibitor, corrosion inhibitor, colorant, odorant, fragrance, antistatic agent, low temperature fluidity improver, cetane number improver, lubricity improver, discriminating agent , Antifoaming agents, antifreezing agents, smoke prevention agents, combustion aids, sludge dispersants, and the like.

  The additive composition according to this embodiment includes 0.3 to 1.4% by weight of anatase-type titanium dioxide particles. When the additive composition according to this embodiment is also added to the fuel oil, the concentration of titanium dioxide particles in the fuel oil is 0.00001% by weight or more, as in the case of the above-described powdery lubricant additive. More preferably, the concentration of titanium dioxide particles in the fuel oil is 0.0001 to 0.005% by weight (1 by weight) so that it is less than 0.01% by weight (0.1 ppm or more and less than 100 ppm by weight). This additive composition can be added to the fuel oil so that it is ˜50 ppm.

  For example, the concentration of titanium dioxide particles can be obtained by adding a fuel oil additive containing 1 g of titanium dioxide particles to a container containing 360 ml (280.7 g) of a drainage agent mainly composed of isopropyl alcohol having a density of 0.78. An additive composition with about 0.7% by weight can be formed. In this case, the user adds an additive composition (including 1 g of titanium dioxide particles) for one container to 45 L (33750 g) of fuel oil having a density of 0.75, thereby anatase in the fuel oil. The concentration of the titanium dioxide particles in the mold can be about 0.03% by weight (about 30 ppm).

  The additive composition according to this embodiment can contain 1 to 5% by volume of the above-described dispersant. Since the titanium dioxide particles according to the present embodiment are 1 to 300 nm nanoparticles, aggregation tends to occur when the additive composition is used. Therefore, by adding a dispersant to the additive composition, aggregation of titanium dioxide particles can be effectively suppressed in the additive composition and further in the fuel oil to which the additive composition is added. The titanium dioxide particles can be diffused throughout the fuel oil. As a result, the photocatalytic function of the titanium dioxide particles can be sufficiently exhibited in the fuel oil.

  Moreover, the additive composition which concerns on this embodiment can contain 1-5 volume% of the precipitation inhibitor mentioned above. Usually, titanium dioxide particles have a relatively high specific gravity and are likely to settle. In this embodiment, by adding a sedimentation inhibitor to the fuel oil additive, the titanium dioxide particles will settle in the additive composition and further in the fuel oil to which the additive composition is added. Can be prevented. As a result, when the user adds the additive composition to the fuel oil, the titanium dioxide particles in the additive composition can be added to the fuel oil at a relatively uniform concentration. The titanium particles can be dispersed relatively evenly, and the photocatalytic function of the titanium dioxide particles can be exhibited more effectively.

(Fuel oil)
The fuel oil according to the present embodiment is a fuel oil in which the above-described fuel oil additive (including the above-described additive composition) is mixed. The fuel oil before mixing the fuel oil additive is not particularly limited, and for example, a fuel oil that is generally sold and used can be used. In the present embodiment, the fuel is more preferably used so that the concentration of titanium dioxide particles in the fuel oil is 0.00001 wt% or more and less than 0.01 wt% (0.1 ppm or more and less than 100 ppm by weight). The fuel oil additive is mixed with the fuel oil so that the concentration of the titanium dioxide particles in the oil is 0.0001 to 0.005% by weight (1 to 50 ppm by weight). And the fuel oil which mixed the fuel oil additive in this way can be filled and used for an internal combustion engine.

  Next, examples using the fuel oil additive and fuel oil according to the present embodiment will be described. In the following, “fuel oil additive and fuel oil” are, as described above, having an average particle diameter of 1 nm to 300 nm, composed of only anatase type, and not subjected to coating treatment, unless otherwise specified. Contains titanium dioxide particles.

(Fuel consumption test 1)
The fuel consumption was measured when the fuel oil additive according to this embodiment was added to gasoline. In fuel consumption test 1, (A) gasoline only, (B) 180 ml of water draining agent and this implementation were performed so that the concentration of titanium dioxide in gasoline 45L was 0.003% by weight (30 ppm by weight). Fuel economy was measured using two types of gasoline to which the fuel oil additive according to the embodiment was added. As a measurement condition, the vehicle type Toyota Porte (model CBA-NNP11) is used to drive 31.8 km on the highway at a fixed speed of 80 km / h, and Tectom's fuel consumption manager (FCM-NX1) is used as an on-board diagnostics (OBD) for automobiles. Installed and measured. The results are shown in Table 5 below. In the fuel consumption test 1, the vehicle travels back and forth from point A to point B. The result of the outbound route from point A to point B and the return to point A after returning from point B Results are shown.

  As shown in Table 5 above, when the concentration of titanium dioxide in (B) 45 L of gasoline is about 0.003% by weight (weight ratio is about 30 ppm), the mileage is less than that of gasoline alone. When it was 16.0 km, the fuel consumption was improved by about 10.4%, and when the mileage was 35.2 km, the fuel consumption was improved by about 13.0%. Note that the fuel efficiency when the travel distance is 16.0 km is lower than the fuel efficiency when the travel distance is 31.8 km is that the slope on the route from point A to point B is upward on the travel route. This is because the tendency was high (the same applies to the fuel consumption test 2).

(Fuel consumption test 2)
In fuel consumption test 2, (C) only gasoline, (D) only 360 ml of drainage agent was added to 45 L of gasoline, (E) the concentration of titanium dioxide in 45 L of gasoline was 0.003% by weight (30 ppm by weight) Thus, fuel economy was measured using three types of gasoline obtained by adding 360 ml of a water draining agent and the fuel oil additive according to the present embodiment to 45 L of gasoline. As measurement conditions, the Subaru Sambar (model EBD-S331D) is used to drive 35.2km on the highway at a fixed speed of 80km / h, and Tectom's fuel economy manager (FCM-NX1) is used as an on-board diagnostics (OBD) for automobiles. Installed and measured. The results are shown in Table 6 below. As with fuel efficiency test 1, in fuel efficiency test 2, the vehicle travels back and forth from point C to point D. The result of the forward path from point C to point D and the point C after turning back at point D It shows the result of the round trip to reach.

  As shown in Table 6 above, (C) When the concentration of titanium dioxide in 45L of gasoline is 0.003% by weight (30 ppm by weight), only 360 ml of water draining agent is added to 45L of gasoline. In comparison, when the travel distance was 17.7 km, the fuel efficiency was improved by about 2.8%, and when the travel distance was 35.2 km, the fuel efficiency was improved by about 1.2%.

  From fuel economy tests 1 and 2, it was found that the fuel economy of the fuel oil can be improved by adding a fuel oil additive containing titanium dioxide particles to the fuel oil.

(Comparative running test between anatase type and rutile type)
(1) Gasoline added with a fuel oil additive composed only of anatase type (anatase type 100%), (2) Gasoline added with a fuel oil additive mixed with anatase type 50% and rutile type 50% (Anatase type 50%) was prepared and a running test was performed using each gasoline. As a measurement condition, the vehicle type Mitsubishi Colt (model DBA-Z21A) is used to drive 23.4 km on the highway at a fixed speed of 80 km / h, and Tectom's fuel consumption manager (FCM-NX1) is used as the vehicle's OBD (On-board diagnostics). Installed and measured. Table 7 below shows the results of each running test.

  As shown in Table 7 above, (1) in gasoline (anatase type 100%) to which a fuel oil additive composed only of anatase type was added, (2) anatase type 50% and rutile type 50% were mixed. It has been found that the average fuel consumption is higher than gasoline (anatase type 50) to which a fuel oil additive is added. This is because the anatase-type titanium dioxide particles work as a photocatalyst in the combustion chamber, so that ions generated in the photocatalyst can decompose oil sludge and reduce the molecular weight of the fuel oil, promoting the combustion of the fuel oil. Thus, it is considered that the complete combustion of the fuel oil can be promoted, and the fuel economy can be improved.

(Acid gas emission measurement test)
The amount of gas discharged when the fuel oil additive according to this embodiment was added to gasoline was tested. Specifically, only (A) gasoline, (B) only 360 ml of drainage agent is added to 30 L of gasoline, and (C) the concentration of titanium dioxide in 30 L of gasoline is 0.003% by weight (30 ppm by weight). Thus, the amount of acid gas discharged was measured using three types of gasoline obtained by adding 360 ml of a water draining agent and a fuel oil additive according to this embodiment to 30 L of gasoline. Specifically, the CO amount and HC amount in the exhaust gas when the vehicle traveled 2 km were measured using an exhaust gas measuring device (product: BANZAI MEXA-324). The results are shown in Table 8 below.

  As shown in Table 8 above, (C) 360 ml of water draining agent and fuel according to the present embodiment so that the concentration of titanium dioxide in 30 L of gasoline is 0.003% by weight (30 ppm by weight). It was found that when the oil additive was added, the amount of acid gas discharged could be significantly reduced as compared with the case where (B) only the water draining agent 360 ml was added to 30 L of gasoline.

(Engine output test)
Next, the engine output when the fuel oil additive according to the present embodiment was added to gasoline was tested. Specifically, the concentration of the titanium dioxide in the additive-free fuel oil to which the fuel oil additive according to this embodiment is not added and the gasoline 40L is 0.00125% by weight (12.5 ppm by weight). The engine torque and horsepower were measured for the added fuel oil to which the fuel oil additive according to the present embodiment was added. FIG. 11A is a diagram showing the measurement results of torque, where the thick line indicates the added fuel oil and the thin line indicates the non-added fuel oil. FIG. 11B is a diagram showing the measurement result of horsepower. Like FIG. 11A, the thick line indicates the added fuel oil and the thin line indicates the non-added fuel oil. Further, the vertical axis of the graph shown in FIG. 11A is the torque, and the horizontal axis is the rotational speed. Further, the vertical axis of the graph shown in FIG. 11B is horsepower, and the horizontal axis is the rotation speed. The engine used in this test is a tuning engine.

  As shown in FIG. 11 (A), in the added fuel oil to which the fuel oil additive according to the present embodiment is added, compared to the non-added fuel oil to which the fuel oil additive according to the present embodiment is not added, the engine Torque improved regardless of the number of revolutions. For example, when the rotational speed is 4500 rpm, the torque of the added fuel oil is about 16.3 kgf · m, the torque of the non-added fuel oil is about 15.8 kgf · m, and the added fuel oil is not added. About 0.5 kgf · m larger than the fuel oil.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 11B, the added fuel oil to which the fuel oil additive according to the present embodiment is added is compared with the non-added fuel oil to which the fuel oil additive according to the present embodiment is not added. The horsepower improved regardless of the engine speed. For example, when the rotational speed is about 6800 rpm, the torque of the added fuel oil is 139.3 PS, the torque of the non-added fuel oil is 137.2 PS, and the added fuel oil is about the same as the non-added fuel oil. 2.1PS has also increased.

  As described above, the fuel oil additive according to the present embodiment can suppress oil sludge by using titanium dioxide particles as an active ingredient, and as a result, can improve fuel consumption and reduce acid gas emissions. . In particular, since the titanium dioxide particles according to the present embodiment are not subjected to a coating treatment, the photocatalytic function of the titanium dioxide particles can be further exhibited. Moreover, in this embodiment, the photocatalytic function by the titanium dioxide particles is made to function more effectively by adding the titanium dioxide particles to the fuel oil so as to be 0.00001 wt% or more and less than 0.001 wt%. And oil sludge can be appropriately suppressed. In addition, since the titanium dioxide particles are nanoparticles having an average particle diameter of 1 nm to 300 nm, when a fuel oil additive having a photocatalytic function by the titanium dioxide particles is added to the fuel oil, in addition to the photocatalytic function, the metal surface By polishing the concavo-convex portion of the metal and entering the concavo-convex portion of the metal surface, the metal surface can be brought close to a mirror surface, and the frictional force can be reduced.

  Further, in this embodiment, the powdery fuel oil additive is mixed with another liquid fuel oil additive to obtain a liquid fuel oil additive, whereby anatase-type titanium dioxide particles are obtained. It can be effectively diffused by fuel oil. The fuel oil additive can be provided as a fuel oil to which the fuel oil additive is added.

  Furthermore, the fuel oil additive according to the present embodiment can reduce the molecular weight of the fuel oil by the action of the titanium dioxide particles, and also has an auxiliary combustion effect that promotes the combustion of the fuel oil. In addition, the photocatalytic function of the titanium dioxide particles can provide an oil sludge dispersion effect for decomposing and dispersing oil sludge and a cleaning effect for decomposing carbon, varnish, gum, and the like. Moreover, the effect of improving the torque and horsepower of the engine by promoting the combustion of the fuel oil is also achieved.

  The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above, but the technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the description of the above embodiments. Various modifications and improvements can be added to the above-described embodiment, and forms with such modifications or improvements are also included in the technical scope of the present invention.

  For example, in the above-described embodiment, the anatase-type titanium dioxide particles are exemplified and described as the titanium dioxide particles having a photocatalytic function. However, the titanium dioxide particles having a photocatalytic function are not limited to this configuration. A configuration using rutile-type titanium dioxide particles may be used.

The gist of the present invention is the following fuel oil additive (16) to (23).
(16) Titanium dioxide particles having a photocatalytic function as an active ingredient, and 80% or more of the titanium dioxide particles are composed of anatase type, and are used by directly adding to fuel oil. Addition of fuel oil to suppress oil sludge Agent.
(17) The fuel oil additive according to (16), wherein the titanium dioxide particles are added to the fuel oil in an amount of 0.00001% by weight or more and less than 0.01% by weight.
(18) The fuel oil additive according to (16) or (17), wherein the titanium dioxide particles are anatase-type titanium dioxide particles that are not subjected to a coating treatment.
(19) The fuel oil additive according to any one of (16) to (18), wherein the titanium dioxide particles are nanoparticles having an average particle diameter of 1 nm to 300 nm.
(20) The fuel oil additive according to any one of the above (16) to (19), which is a composition containing another liquid fuel oil additive.
(21) The fuel oil additive as described in any one of (16) to (20) above, which further improves fuel consumption.
(22) The fuel oil additive according to any one of the above (16) to (21), which further reduces the discharge amount of acidic gas.
(23) The fuel oil additive according to any one of the above (16) to (22), which further promotes combustion of fuel oil, cleans the combustion chamber, or disperses oil sludge.

The present invention pays attention to the photocatalytic function of titanium dioxide particles, and when it is added to a lubricating oil containing titanium dioxide particles as an active ingredient, the present invention has been found to exhibit a useful effect of suppressing oil sludge in the lubricating oil. The invention has been completed.
The gist of the present invention is the following lubricating oil additives (1) to ( 8 ).
(1) the titanium dioxide particles of the active ingredient having the photocatalytic function, the titanium dioxide particles are composed of only anatase type used by adding to the lubricating oil, the lubricating oil additive for suppressing the oil sludge (although Excluding lubricating oil additives for internal combustion engines.)
(2) Lubricating oil containing titanium dioxide particles having a photocatalytic function as an active ingredient, 80% or more of the titanium dioxide particles being anatase type, and adding the titanium dioxide particles to the lubricating oil to suppress oil sludge Additive.
(3) The lubricant additive according to (1) or (2) , wherein the titanium dioxide particles are not subjected to a coating treatment.
(4) The lubricating oil additive according to any one of (1) to (3), wherein the titanium dioxide particles are nanoparticles having an average particle diameter of 1 nm to 300 nm.
(5) The lubricating oil additive according to any one of (1) to (4), further comprising oil.
(6) The lubricating oil additive according to any one of (1) to (5) above, which is a composition with an oil containing 0.1 to 5% by weight of the titanium dioxide particles in the oil.
(7) The lubricating oil additive according to any one of the above (1) to (6), which further improves fuel consumption.
(8) The lubricating oil additive according to any one of (1) to (7), which further suppresses mechanical vibration.

The gist of the present invention is the following lubricating oil (9) or (10).
(9) Lubricating oil mixed with the lubricating oil additive according to any one of (1) to (8) above ( excluding lubricating oil for internal combustion engines) .
(10) The lubricating oil according to (9) above, containing 0.01 to 0.1% by weight of the titanium dioxide particles.

In addition, the gist of the present invention is the following oil sludge suppression method ( 11 ) to ( 14 ).
( 11 ) An oil sludge suppression method for suppressing oil sludge by adding the lubricating oil additive according to any one of (1) to (8) above to the lubricating oil (however, suppressing oil sludge of an internal combustion engine) Excluding oil sludge suppression method) .
( 12 ) The oil sludge suppression method according to ( 11 ), which is a method for further improving fuel consumption.
( 13 ) The oil sludge suppression method according to ( 11 ) or ( 12 ), which is a method for further suppressing mechanical vibration.
( 14 ) The oil sludge suppression method according to any one of ( 11 ) to ( 13 ), wherein the titanium dioxide particles are added to a lubricating oil in an amount of 0.005 wt% or more and less than 0.3 wt%.

The gist of the present invention is the following fuel oil ( 15 ).
( 15 ) A fuel oil containing titanium dioxide particles having a photocatalytic function as an active ingredient, wherein 80% or more of the titanium dioxide particles are composed of anatase type, and a fuel oil additive added directly to the fuel oil is added ( However, fuel oil for internal combustion engines is excluded.)

Further, the gist of the present invention is the following oil sludge suppression method ( 16 ) to ( 19 ).
( 16 ) Titanium dioxide particles having a photocatalytic function are used as active ingredients, and 80% or more of the titanium dioxide particles are composed of anatase type, and a fuel oil additive used by directly adding to the fuel oil is added to the fuel oil. Therefore, an oil sludge suppression method for suppressing oil sludge (excluding an oil sludge suppression method for suppressing oil sludge of an internal combustion engine) .
( 17 ) The oil sludge suppression method according to the above ( 16 ), which is a method for further improving fuel consumption.
( 18 ) The oil sludge suppression method according to the above ( 16 ) or ( 17 ), which is a method for further reducing the discharge amount of acidic gas.
( 19 ) The oil sludge suppression method according to any one of ( 16 ) to ( 18 ), further for promoting combustion of fuel oil, for cleaning a combustion chamber, or for dispersing oil sludge.

Claims (28)

  A lubricating oil additive for suppressing oil sludge, comprising titanium dioxide particles having a photocatalytic function as an active ingredient, wherein the titanium dioxide particles are composed only of anatase type and are used by being added to lubricating oil.   A lubricating oil additive comprising titanium dioxide particles having a photocatalytic function as an active ingredient, wherein 80% or more of the titanium dioxide particles are anatase type, and the titanium dioxide particles are added to the lubricating oil to suppress oil sludge.   The lubricating oil additive according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the titanium dioxide particles are not coated.   The lubricating oil additive according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the titanium dioxide particles are nanoparticles having an average particle diameter of 1 nm to 300 nm.   The lubricating oil additive according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising an oil.   The lubricating oil additive according to claim 5, which is a composition with an oil containing 0.1 to 5 wt% of the titanium dioxide particles in the oil.   Furthermore, the lubricating oil additive in any one of Claim 1 thru | or 6 for improving a fuel consumption.   Furthermore, the lubricating oil additive in any one of Claim 1 thru | or 7 for suppressing a mechanical vibration.   A lubricating oil mixed with the lubricating oil additive according to claim 1.   The lubricating oil according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising 0.01 to 0.1% by weight of the titanium dioxide particles.   A grease composition in which the lubricating oil according to claim 9 or 10 is mixed.   An oil sludge suppression method for suppressing oil sludge by adding the lubricating oil additive according to any one of claims 1 to 8 to the lubricating oil.   The oil sludge suppression method according to claim 12, which is a method for further improving fuel consumption.   The method for suppressing oil sludge according to claim 12 or 13, which is a method for further suppressing mechanical vibration.   The oil sludge suppression method according to any one of claims 12 to 14, wherein the titanium dioxide particles are contained in a lubricating oil by 0.005 wt% or more and less than 0.3 wt%.   A fuel oil additive for suppressing oil sludge, comprising titanium dioxide particles having a photocatalytic function as an active ingredient, added directly to fuel oil.   The fuel oil additive according to claim 16, wherein the titanium dioxide particles are used by adding 0.00001% by weight or more and less than 0.01% by weight to the fuel oil.   The fuel oil additive according to claim 16 or 17, wherein the titanium dioxide particles are anatase-type titanium dioxide particles that are not subjected to a coating treatment.   The fuel oil additive according to any one of claims 16 to 18, wherein the titanium dioxide particles are nanoparticles having an average particle diameter of 1 nm to 300 nm.   20. The fuel oil additive according to any one of claims 16 to 19, which is a composition containing another liquid fuel oil additive.   The fuel oil additive according to any one of claims 16 to 20 for further improving fuel consumption.   The fuel oil additive according to any one of claims 16 to 22, which further reduces the discharge amount of acid gas.   23. The fuel oil additive according to any one of claims 16 to 22 for further promoting combustion of the fuel oil, for cleaning the combustion chamber, or for dispersing oil sludge.   A fuel oil to which the fuel oil additive according to any one of claims 16 to 23 is added.   An oil sludge suppression method for suppressing oil sludge by adding the fuel oil additive according to any one of claims 16 to 23 to fuel oil.   The method for suppressing oil sludge according to claim 25, which is a method for further improving fuel consumption.   The method for suppressing oil sludge according to claim 25 or 26, which is a method for further reducing the discharge amount of acid gas. The oil sludge suppression method according to any one of claims 25 to 27, further for promoting combustion of fuel oil, for cleaning a combustion chamber, or for dispersing oil sludge.